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3^eerafle  of  (Englanti; 

GENEALOGICAL, 
BIOGRAPHICAL,  AND  HISTORICAL. 

OBEATLT  AUGMKNTBD, 
AND    CONTINUED    TO    THE    PRESENT   TIMS, 


UR  EGERTON  BRYDGES,  K.  J. 


IN  NINE  VOLUMES. 
VOL.  V. 


tONDON: 

rilMTSO  FOB  P.  C.  AND  I.  BIVIHaTON,  OTKIDOB  AtfD  tOS, 
J.  KICHOLS  AND  CO.  T.  PASNB,  WILKIB  AND  BOBINSON,  J. 
WALKBB,  CLABKB  AND  SONS,  W.  LOWNDBS,  B.LBA,  J.  CUTHBLL, 
LOHttMAH,  UUBST,  BBBS,  OBHB,  AND  CO.  WHITB,  COCHHANB, 
AND  CO.  C.  LAW,  CADBLL  AMD  DAVIBS,  J.  BOOTH,  CBOSBY 
AID  CO.  J.  UUBBaY,  J.  UAWHAN,  1.  BOOKBB,  B.  SCHOLBY, 
i,  MATCHABD,  B.  BALDWIN,  CBADOCK  AND  JOY,  1.  7AULDBR, 
BALI,  CURTIS  AMD  CO.  /OUHSOH  AND  CO.  AND  S.  BOBINSON. 


T.  Bensley,  Printer, 
fiolt  Court,  FlMi  Straet,  Loodon, 


CONTENTS  OF  VOL.  V. 


EARLS. 

frsar.  Earl  Delawarr 1 

Bouverief  Earl  of  Radnor ^ .  2Q 

Spencer,  Earl  Spencer.  * ,42 

Pitt,  Earl  of  Chatham 45 

Bathurst,  Earl  Bathurst 80 

Hill,  Earl  of  Hillsborough g/Q 

Bruce  Brudenell,  Earl  of  Jyleshury 107 

VWiers,  Earl  of  Clarendon 130 

Murray,  Countess  of  Mansfield 133 

Neville,  Earl  of  Mergayenny 151 

Paget,  Earl  of  Uxhridge 174 

Gordon,  Earl  of  Norwich 201 

Talhot,  Earl  Talbot 229 

Grosvenor,  Earl  Grosvenor 239 

Pratt,  Earl  Camden 2(54 

Murray,  Earl  Strange 2/2 

Edgcumbe,  Earl  of  Mount  Edgecumbe 306 

Fortescue,  Earl  Foriescue 335 

Digby,  Earl  Digby , 848 

Percy,  Earl  of  Beverley 386 

Murray,  Earl  Mansfield 368 

Herbert,  Earl  of  Caernarvon 39O 

Jenkinson  Earl  of  Liverpool 392 

Jervis,  Earl  of  St.  Fincent 399 

Cadogan,  Earl  Cadogan 410 

Harris,  Earl  ofMahnsbury • . . .  ^ 421 

Brskine,  Earl  of  Rosslyn 427 

Craven,  Earl  Craven 446 

OtuIow,  Earl  Onslow 461 

Marsham,  Earl  ofRomney 482 

Pelham,  Earl  of  Chichester 488 


• 


IV  CONTENTS. 

Page 

Egertan,  Earl  of  Wilton «...  528 

CUve^  Earlof  Powis 543 

Nelson,  Earl  Nelson 557 

PierreponU .&,rl  MMvirs ....... 4 ^.« 626 

WalpoU,  Earlof  Orfrrd 631 

Grey,  Earl  Grey 676 

Lowther,  Earl  of  Lonsdale GQ5 

Ryder,  Earl  ofHarrowby 717 


(t:t3r  The  Reader  is  requested  to  turn  also  to  the  Addenda  at  the  end  of 
ffhtf  Volume  for  the  latest  dates*  and  a  few  correctioast  of  erery  article. 


THE 

PEERAGE  OF  ENGLANB. 


EARLS. 


WEST,  EARL  DELAWARR. 

This  ancient  fttmily  have  been  Barons  by  the  male  line  from 
1342  ;  their  ancestor.  Sir  Thomas  West,  having  been  suramoned 
to  parljamcnt  as  Lord  tt^est,  l6  Edw,  III.  The  Barony  of  DeJa- 
warr,  which  takes  date  from  1294,  having  been  broaght  into  the 
family  by  marriage  about  1400. 

That  this  family  had  large  posseisions  in  the  west  of  England, 
oor  poblic  records  and  oiher  evidences,  prove,  and,  it  is  probable, 
on  that  acconnt,  had  the  name  of  West, 

The  first  that  1  can,  with  certainty,  fix  on,  as  ancestor  to  the 
present  Earl  Dclawarr,  U  Sie  Thohab  db  West,  Knight,  firet 
Lord  West,  who  having  married  Eleanor,  daughter  and  heir  of 
Sir  John  de  Canlilupe,  of  Hemps  Ion  Can  til  upe  in  com.  Devoa 
Knight,  by  Margaret,  his  wifis,  daughter  of  John  Lord  Mohan,  of 
Donster  in  com.  Somerset,  had,  iu  17  Edward  II,  ■  entailed  oa 
Urn,  and  bis  said  mft,  and  on  the  bdrs  of  their  two  bodies,  the 
manor  of  Snilerfield  in  com,  Wnrw.  The  same  year  he  obtainod 
frcHD  the  King  *>  a  charter  for  a  market,  every  week,  there  upon 


Z  PEER/^GE  OF  ENGLAND 

Tuesday:  as  also  for  a  fan,  yearly,  upon  the  eve  and  day  of  St. 
Kenelme>  and  six  days  after ;  -  likewise  for  free  warren^  to  thera, 
and  the  heirs  of  their  two  bodies,  in  their  demesne  lands  there.  In 
the  said  17th  year  of  Edward  II.  ^  he  served  in  the  parliament 
then  held  at  Westminster^  as  one  of  the  knights  for  the  ceucity  of 
Warwick, 

In  1325,  be  received  the  honour  of  knighthood  by  bathing, 
&c.  his  robes,  and  all  accoutrements  for  that  solemnity,  ^  being 
then  allowed  out  of  the  King's  great  wardrobe :  and  the  same 
year,  going  into  France  with  the  King,^  had  his  protection  (dated 
August  20lh,  that  year)  till  Christmas  following. 

In  1327,  1  Edw.«  III.  ^  he  obtained  leave  from  the  King  to 
make  a  castle  of  his  manor  house  at  Rughcomh^  in  fVUtshne;  and 
on  s  May  26th,  1329,  he  embarked  at  Dover  with  the  King,  wheii 
his  Majesty  went  to  do  homage  to  the  French  Monarch/  Philip 
VI.  for  the  duchy  of  Guienne,  earldom  of  Ponthieu,  &c.  which  * 
was  performed  verbally  in  the  cathedral  of  Amiens,  on  June  6tb, 
and  not  after  the  manner  of  his  predecessors,  by  putting  off  the 
crown,  and  laying  aside  both  sword  and  spurs,  to  do  it  kneeling. 

In  4  Edw.  III.  ^  he  was  made  governor  of  Christ-chuch  castle 
in  com.  Southamp.  In  the  year  after,  ^  King  Edward  having 
summoned  David  Bruce,  King  of  Scotland,  to  do  his  homage,  as 
also  to  render  to  him  the  town  .of  Berwick,  and  his  refusal  thereof 
occasioning  a  war  with  Scotland, '  this  Sir  Thomas  was  present  at 
the  siege  of  Berwick,  and  memorable  battle  of  Halidown,  July 
'23d,  1333,  and  thereupon  a  truce  ensued,  which  being  near  ex- 
pired, in  1335,  the' King,  about  Midsummer^*"  at  tiie  head  of  liis 
army,  on  July  12th,  entered  Scotland  in  an  hostile  manner,'*  in 
which  expedition  this  Sir  Thomas  de  West  was  also  with  him. 
He  was  likewise  with  the  King,  in  12  Edw.  III,^  who,  en  July 
'  16th,  took  shipping  in  the  port  of  Orwell,  in  com.  Suff.  having 
in  company  500  sail  of  ships,  and  many  Barons  :  and  on  the  ex- 
pedition into  Flanders,  being  in  the  retinue  of  William  Earl  of 
Salisbury,  he  had  thereupon  a  protection,  p  dated  July  lOth,  that 
year,  to  hold  in  force  till  Christmas  following.  He  was  also 
there  ^  in  13  Edw.  III.  aind  the  same  year,  in  consideration  of  those 

c  Claus.  17  Ed.  II. in  dors. m. 24.  <i  Comp.  Tho. de  Useflete. 

*  Rymer*s  Foed.  torn.  iv.  p.  x6i.  f  pat.  1  £d.  III.  p.  2,  m.  io> 

>  Ilymer*s  Foed.  tom.  iv.  p.  388.  h  Barnes's  Hist.  Ed.  II  I.  p.  36. 

'  Rot.  Fin.  an.  4.  Ed.  1 1 1,  ^m.  1 1.  ^  Barnes's  Hist.  Ed*  1 1 1,  p.  7c. 

t  Rot.  Scot.  7  Ed.  III.  m.  I  ™  Brnies,  p.  94* 

n  Rot.  Scot.  9  Ed.  I II.  m.  9.  <>  Barnes's  Hist.  Ed.  II  I.  p.  I2«. 

'  Rymer's  Fad.  tom.  v.  p.  63.  ^  Rot.  Aleman.  13  Ed.  II  I. 


EARL  OF  DELAWARR,  3 

his  services^  had  a  ''grant  in  fee,  for  return  of  all  writs  and  sum- 
moDs  of  the  Exchequer^  within  his  manor  of  SwaclifF^  and  SuttiH)^ 
in  Wiltshire. 

In  16  Edward  III.*  the  Countess  of  Montford  sending  from 
Brittany  to  the  King  for  succours,  and  Laurence  de  Hastings^  Earl 
of  Pembroke,  being  dispatched,  he  ^  'accompanied  him  in  that  ex- 
pedition into  France,  wherein  he  behaved  so  well,  and  merited  so 
much  in  other  his  great  employments,  that^  the  same  year,  the 
King  thought  him  ^  worthy  of  a  seat  in  parliament,  among  the 
Sarons  of  this  realm.  And  deceasing  in  ^  17  Edward  IIL  left 
issoe*  by  Eleanor  his  wife,  aforesaid.  Sir  Thomas^  his  son  and 
heir»  who  then  became  possessed  of  the  manors  of  Hempston- 
Cantiiope,  and  Gieat  Torington,  in  com.  Deron.  as  is  evident 
ffom  the  inquisition  taken  after  the  death  of  his  m^  father.  By 
the  same  wife  he  had  also  another  son,  John,  besides  Thomas. 

Which  Thomas,  in  19  Edward  III.  was  in  the  ^  French  wars, 
in  the  retinue  of  Richard  Earl  of  Arundel  3  in  which  year/  divers 
strong  towns  and  castles  were  taken.  The  year  after,  1346,  he 
was  with  the  King  in  his  wars  in  France,'  and  in  the  famous 
battle  of  Cressy.  In  29  Edwair^  III.'^  he  was  in  the  wars  of 
Scotland.  In  33  Edw.  III.^  he  went^ith  the  Lord  Chamberlain, 
Thomas  de  Cherleton,  into  Gascony,  and  was  in  the  service  there, 
the  44th  year^  of  that  King's  reign.  In  1  Richard  II.^'  he  Was 
on  board  that  fleet  sent  to  scour  the  seas  of  the  Freuch  and  Scots; 
and  in  3  Richard  11.^  in  the  wars  of  France.  In  8  Richard  11.^ 
he  was  retained  to  serve  in  the  wars  against  the  Scotch  for  forty 
days,  the  King  being  in  person  there ;  and  in  9  Richard  II.s  for 
one  quarter  of  that  year^  in  fortifying  of  Calais.  In  1386,  10 
Richard  11.^  he  was  again  retained  to  serve  against  the  French. 
He>  died*^  on  September  3d,  the  same  year,  seised  of  the  manor 

r  Rot.  Vmc.  13  Edward  III.  to.  lo.  ■  Barneses  Hist.  Edw.  III.  p.  256. 

>  R.  Franc.  x6  Edward  lil.  in.  26.  ^  R.  Glaus,  ejusd.  ann. 

V  Esc.  17  Edward  III.  ^  Rot.  Franc.  19  Edward  III.  in.  i6. 

y  Barnes\  Hist.  Edward  III.  p.  31,  to  p.  328. 
z  Rot.  Franc.  20  Edward  III.  p.  :..  m.  2. 
•  Rot.  Scot.  29  Edward  III.  no.  9.  ^  Rot.  Vase.  33  Edward  III.  p.  2. 

c  Roc.  Vase.  44  Edward  III.  m.  9.  d  Rot.  Franc.  1.  R.  II.  p.  2.  m.  6. 

«  Ibid.  3  Richard  U.  m.  6.  f  Ez  Autog.  penes  Cler.  pdl. 

S  Ibid.  ^  Rot.  Franc.  10  Richard  II.  m.  13. 

^  Esc.  10  Richard  II.  n.  52. 
k  Writs  of  Snnunons  were  not  always  regularly  continued  at  this  time  from 
faiker  to  son ;  and  I  do  not  Snd  that  this  Sir  Thomas  received  a  writ. 


4.  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

of  CooQptou- Valence,  in  Dorsetshire  3  of  the  third  part  of  the 
manor  of  Trente*  io  com.  Somerset;  of  the  manors  of  Snyterfelde> 
in  com.  War.  j  Wclneford  (now  Wetford),  Weston,. and  Willcr- 
seye*  in  com.  Gloacest. ;  Hempston-Cantilape^  in  com.  Devon. ; 
Okehangre,  Newton- Valence^  and  Terstwode,  in  com.  Southampt. 
Wyke^  and  Haseldene^  in  com.  Lane.  ^  East  Hacche,  Napprede, 
Roughcombe^  Swalclyve^  Eston  near  Berewyck>  Upton,  Bradmore, 
Sutton-Mandevile,  and  Stratford-Tony>  and  Newton-Tooy,  ia 
com.  Wilts. 

By  Alice  bis  wife>  ^  daughter  of  Reginald  Fits^Pl6rs«  Baron  of 
Wolverley^  in  Worcestershire  (and  of  Joan  bis  wife,  daughter  and 
heir  of  Sir  Edm.  Hallet,  Knt.),""  he  had  Thomas,  his  son  and 
heir,  twenty-one  years  of  age,  in  the  said  10  Richard  If. 

Alice,  his  said  wife,  surviving  him,  made  her  will  at  Hynton- 
Mariel,  in  com.  Dorset,  «on  Thursday,  July  15th,  1395,  wherdn 
she  orders  her  body  to  be  buried  in  the  priory  of  the  Canons  of 
Christ-church,  in  com.  Southamp.  with  her  ancestors ;  and  gave 
to  Thomas,  her  son,  a  bed  of  tapiters  work,  as  also  a  pair  of 
matyn-books,  a  pair  of  beads,  and  a  ring  wherewith  she  was 
espoused  to  God,  which  were  the  Lord  her  father's:  to  Jean,  her 
son*8  wife,  a  bed  paled  black  and  white,  a  mass-book,  and  all  her 
books  of  Latin,  English,  and  French ;  also  the  vestments  of  her 
chapel,  aod  what  belongs  to  the  altar,  with  all  other  apparel 
thereunto  belonging ;  as  silver  basons,  with  escutcheons  of  her 
ancestors  arms,  &c.  to  Sir  Nicholas  Clyf^on,  Knt.  and  Eleanor 
his  wife,  her  daughter,  and  Thomas  Clyfton,  her  son,  one  hun- 
dred and  twenty  pounds :  to  her  sister,  dame  Lucy  Fitz-Herbert, 
Prioress  of  Shaftesbury,  forty  pounds :  to  her  sister,  Thomasine 
Blount,  a  nun  at  Romesey,  in  com.  Southampt  forty  marks.  And 
she  bequeathed  eighteen  pounds  ten  shillings,  for  four  thousand 
four  hundred  masses,  to  be  sung  and  said  for  the  soul  of  Sir  Tho- 
mas West,  her  lord  and  husband,  her  own  soul,  and  all  Christian 
souls,  in  the  most  haste  that  might  be,  within  fourteen  nights 
ntixt  after  her  decease :  also  forty  pounds  to  the  Canons  of  Christ- 
church,  to  read  and  sing  mass  for  her  Lord*s  soul,  and  her  own, 
while  the  world  shall  last.  She  further  bequeaths  to  the  nuns  of 
St.  Olaves,  in  London,  and  to  the  priests  of  the  said  house,  one 
hundred  shillings,  for  to  pray. for  the  soul  of  her  Lord  and  hus- 
band. Sir  Thomas  West>  her  own  soul,  and  for  the  estate  of 

1  L'b.  Gen.  Eng.  &  Irel.  MS.  no.  257^  p.  22.  in  Bibl.  Lambeth. 

m  Esc.  in  Richard  II.  n.  52. 
^  R'^g.  Rout.  qa.  26.  in  cur.  Prsrog.  Caat. 


EARL  OF  DELAWARE.  5 

Thomas,  her  son,  Joan  his  wife,  and  their  children :  to  the  reli- 
gions -women  dwelling  without  Aldgatc,  London ;  and  to  those 
of  the  houses  of  Shaftesbury,  Romerslje,  Wilton  5  the  friars  within 
Newgate,  London;  the  friars  preachers  within  Ludgate,  London; 
the  friars  in  Fleet-street  5  the  friars  Augusttnes  within  Bishops- 
gate ;  the  friars  preachers  of  Winchester ;  the  friars  Mendicant 
of  Winchester;  the  friars  of  Southampton;  the  friars  preachers 
of  Salisbury;  the  friars  Mendicant  of  Salisbury;  the  friars  preach- 
ers of  Bristol ;  to  each  of  ihera  one  hundred  shillings.  The  rest 
of  her  goods,  &c.  she  bequeaths  to  Thomas,  her  son,  requiring, 
wherever  she  dies,  that  her  body  should  be  carried  to  the  priory 
of  Christ-church,  and  there  buried  at  the  first  mass,  with  a  taper 
of  six  pounds  of  wax  standing  and  burning  at  her  head,  and  an- 
other at  her  feet ;  and  constitutes  Thomas,  her  son,  sole  execu> 
tor.  Givrn  and  written  in  Cherlton,  without  Newgate,  in  the 
parish  of  St.  Sepulchre^  London,  the  day  and  year  aforesaid.  She 
deceased  the  same  year,  as  by  inquisition  appears. 

Sir  Thomas,  Lord  West,  her  son,  succeeding  his  father,  wal 
in  the  wars^  of  France  11  Rich.  IL  and  in  1395,  Ip.Rich.  II  on 
the  death  of  his  mother,  Alice,  doing  his  p  homage,  had  livery  of 
the  lands  which  she  held  in  dower.  In  1399,  being  at  that  time 
a  Knight,  and  to  go  with  Edward  Duke  of  Albemarle'into  ^  Ire- 
land, for  the  defence  of  that  realm,  he  had  the  King's  protection,' 
dated  April  20tb,  that  year.  He  was  summoned  *  to  parliament, 
among  the  Baroks  of  the  realm,  in  2  and  5  Henry  IV.  and  by 
his  will,*  dated  April  8th,  1405  (6  Henry  IV.)  ordered  his  body 
to  be  laid  in  the  new  chapel,  in  the  minster  of  Christ-churclN 
Twyneham  Monastery,  in  Hampshire ;  bequeathing  to  the  work 
of  that  church  one  hundred  pounds,  and  another  hundred  to  the 
Treasury  there,  conditionally,  that  the  Canons  of  that  priory, 
once  in  a  year,  keep  solemnly  the  obit  of  Thomas  his  father, 
Alice  his  mother,  and  Joan  his  wife.  He  also  bequeathed 
eighteen  pounds,  eighteen  shillings,  and  four  pence,  for  four 
thousand  five  hundred  masses  for  his  soul,  to  be  said  within  half 
a  year  after  his  decease.  Likewise  to  his  daughter,  Joan,  one 
thoQsand  pounds.  He  died  on  Easter-day,  April  17th,  the  same 
year,  seised  of  the  manors*  of  Burton-Peverell,  Okehangxe, 

•  Rot.  Franc,  ii  Richard  II.  ID.9.  P  R.  Fio.  19  Richard  II.  m.  19. 

S  Pat.  a  J  Richard  II.  p.  3.  m.  8.  q.  ^  Rymer'a  Feed,  torn.  VIII.  p.  79. 

•  Claus.  de  ejaad.  anu.  in  dors, 
t  Ex  Reg.  Arondd.  fol.  108.  infr.  Lambeth.  "  Esc.  7  HcAry  IV.  n.  a6. 


.     6  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Winkton^  Newton-Valence,  Tcrstwodc,  and  Hale,  in  com.  South. 

Hempston-Cantelupe,   in  com.  Devon.  $    Blackington,  in  com* 

'  Sussex  J   and  Wolrerton,  Bere,  and  Newton-Pcvcrell,  in  com. 

Dorset. 

By  another  '  inquisition,  taken  in  14  Henry  TV.  it  was  fonnd 

that  he  also  died  seised  of  the  manors  of  Bloxham,  in  Lincoln- 
shire  j  Burstal,  and  Herdeby,  in  com.  Leicest. ;  and  Snyterfieldj 
ip  com.  Warw.y 

By  *  Joan,  his  said  wife,  sister  and  heir  to  Thomas  De  la  Warr, 
Lwrd  and  Baron  De  la  Warr,  and  daughter  of  Roger  Lord  De  I4 
Warr,*  by  Eleaaor,  his  second  wife,  daughter  of  John  Lord  Mou- 
bray,  son  oi  John,  by  Joan  his  wife,  daughter  of  Henry  Duke  of 
Lancaster,  grandson  to  King  Henry  III.  and  lineally  descended 
from  Roger  De  la  War,  summoned  to  parliament,  as  a  Baron,^ 
June  8th,  1294,  22  Edward  L  he  bad  Issue  three  sons;  l«  Tho- 
mas.'   2.  Reginald.    3.  John, 

Thomas  Lord  W£st,  his  eldest  son  and  heir,  was  fourteea 
years  old<^  at  his  Other's  death  3  and,  in  7  Henry  IV.  having 
married  Ida,  one  of  the  daughters  and  coheirs  of  Aloiaric  de  St. 
Amand ;  and  making  proof  of  her  age,  had  livery  of  the  lands  of 
her  inheritance.  In  8  Henry  IV.  he  was  one  of  those  Peers  in 
>  parliament,  who  set  their  bands  and  seals  for  settling  the  succes- 
sion of  the  crown  on  Henry  Prfuce  of  Wales,  and  the  heirs  of 
his  body;  with  remainder  to  his  brothers,  Thomas,  John,  and 
Humphry,  and  the  heirs  male  of  their  bodies  3  by  which  the  fe- 
male heirs  werp  ei^cluded.  In  3  Henry  V.  he  was  in  the  war» 
of  ^  France  with  that  victorious  King;  and,  whilst  be  was  abroadf 
made  his  will,  on  the  feast  of  St.  Peter  ad  Vincula,  August  lat» 
1415,  dated*  at  Stone-brigge,  beyond  the  seas;  wherein  he  or- 
der^ that  no  more  than  forty  pounds  should  be  laid  out  in  meat, 

^  Bar.  extinct.  MS,  peoet  meips.  p.  5.  b. 
r  From  sope  ^arly  branch  of  this  family,  settled  in  Buckinghamshire!  de- 
scended Gilbert  Wrst,  the  poet,  and  his  brother.  Admiral  West,  father  of  the 
present  Admiral  West. 

«  Esc.  14  Henry  IV.  u.  8. 
»  Roger  De  la  Warr,  Lord  De  U  Warr,  having  been  instramental  in  making 
John,  King  of  France,  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Poictjers,  on  September  19th, 
135^>  ^^  t^c  crampet,  or  chape,  of  that  Monarches  swosd,  as  a  memorial  of  his 
share  in  that  exploit ;  and  he  and  his  successors  wore  it,  as  an  honourable  aug* 
mentation  in  their  armorial  bearings. 

*  Dugdale*s  Summons  to  Parliament,  p.  6,  and  7. 
c  ciaus.  7  Henry  IV.  m.  6.  of  Vol.  II. 
*  Rot.  Franc.  3  Henry  V.  m.  17.  e  R^g^Chichlcy,  p.  1,  p.  297. 


EARL  OF  DELAWARR.  7 

diiok,  and  tapers^  opoQ  the  day  of  his  fuaoral ;  and  twentj-foar 
poaods  given  to  two  priests^  to  celebrate  divine  service  for  his 
8oa],  for  two  years  after  his  decease,  as  also  for  theiiouls  of  his 
progenitors,  and  all  the  faithful  deceased.  On  ^May  1 3th  ensu- 
ing, being  then  a  Knight,  he  was  <ippointed,  with  Thomas  Mon- 
tagu, Earl  of  Salbbury,  and  Sir  Thomas  de  Camoys,  Knight,  to 
array  and  muster  all  persons  fit  to  bear  arms,  both  hoblers  and 
archers,  in  the  counties  of  Southampton,  Wiltshire  and  DorsQt- 
siure,  to  serve  the  King  against  the  French  and  Genoese.  On 
September  30ch  following,  he  departed  this  life  >  beyond  the  sea, 
being  then  in  France^  with  the  King 5  and  died  seised  of  the 
manors  of  Bloxam  in  Kestewen,  in  com.  Line. ;  Hempston-Can- 
tiJup^,  in  com.  Devon;  Soyterfield,  in  com.  Warw.5  Burstall, 
and  Herdeby,  in  com.  Leic. }  Compton-Valence,  Hynton-Mar- 
tell,  Bere,  Newton  near  Sturmyster-Marshall,  and  Mapoudre,  in 
Dorsetshire  ;  Nortou-Midsomer,  in  Somersetshire;  Bnrton-Peve- 
reW,  Okehangre>  Newt  on- Valence,  Terstwode,  and  Winketon,  in 
com.  Southamp.  j  Stratford-Tony,  and  Newton-Tpny,  in  Wilt- 
shire; also  of  the  manors  of  Iwehorst^  Sutton -Peverell,  Qffington, 
Bletchington,  and  Rype/  and  honour  of  Aquila  (or  the  Eagle), 
in  com.  Sussex ;  leaving  Reginald,  his  brother  and  heir,  at  that 
time  twenty-one  years  old. 

Which  Reginald,  Lord  Db  la  Warr  and  West,  doing 
his  homage  soon  after,  had  ^  livery  of  his  lands ;  and  before  the 
end  of  that  year^  (4  Henry  V.)»  was  in  the  French  wars,  and 
made  governor  of  "  St.  Clone,  in  Constantine,  in  Nornoiandy,  on 
the  surrender  thereof  to  the  Duke. of  Gloucester.  Also,  in  7 
Henry  V.  he  was  made  Captain  °  of  the  castle  of  la  Mote,  in 
Normandy;  and  in  9  Henry  V.  was  again  in  the  "French  wars. 
In  5  Henry  VL  on  the  death  of  Thomas  Lord  De  la  Warr,  he 
had  livery  P  of  the  lands  of  his  mother's  inheritance,  she  being 
aister  and  heir  to  the  said  Lord.  And  the  same  year,  having  pe- 
titioned that  he  might  have  place  and  precedency  among  the 
barons  in  parliament  as  Lord  De  la  Warr,^  he  had  summons  to 
parliament  as  Lord  De  la  IVarr,  on  July  j5th,  1427,  and  on  July 
I3tb^  1428.    In  8  Henry  VL  he  was  again  retained  to  serve^  in 

f  Rymer*s  Foed.  torn.  IX.  p.  3^i'  S  Esc.  4  Henrj  V.  n.  28* 

b  Lik..OeQcal.  pned.  ^  .Ex  Chart,  peaet  Due.  NoYi-C^^tri. 

^  Rot.  Fin.  4  Hcnij  V.  m.  7.  ^  Rot.  Franc  ejosd.  ann.  m.  4. 

^  Ha1i*s  Chron.  part.  i.  p.  j8.  n  Rot.  Norm.  7  Henry  V.  .pj  i.  m.  2. 

o  Rot.  Franc.  9  Henry  V.  m.  15.  F  Rot.  Fin.  an.  5  Henry  VI.  m.  4. 

9  potion's  I^ecor<^;  p.  586.  /  A^tog.  peae^  Cler.  |*el. 


8  P£££A6£  OF  ENGLAND. 

France  for  one  year  with  thirty  men  at  arms,  and  aeventy  archers; 
and  went  'thither  accordingly.    In  ig  Henry  VL  being  ^beyqod 
the  seas,  he  intended  pilgrimage  to  the  Holy  Land  -,  where  it  is 
probable  he  went  -,  for  1  find  no  further  mention  of  him  till  25 
Henry  VL  when  he  again  procured  a  grant,^  dated  December 
10th,  to  go  to  Rome,  and  thence  to  the  Holy  Land,  to  pay  his 
vows  (with  aIlowant:e  of  twenty- foar  servants  in  his  retinue,  and 
thirty  horses),  carrying  with  him  no  other  gold  or  silver,  in  bul- 
lion or  money,  than  what  should  be  necessary  to  defray  his  ex- 
pences,  excepting  a  silver  cup  or  two  gilt ;  and  he  had  the  King*s 
letters/  directed  to  Theodore,  archbishop  of  Cologne,  and  to  all 
governors  and  commanders  within  his  dominions,  requesting,  that 
be  might  have  free  passage  through  their  territories,  without  pay* 
ment  of  any  tribute,  opening  of  bis  letters,  or  search  of  what  he 
carried.    This  I  presume  was  his  second  journey  thltherr    And 
having  y  been  summoned  to  parliament  us  Lord '  De  la  Warr, 
from  5  Henry  VI.  to  2b  of  that  King's  reign,  inclusive,*  died  on 
August  27th,  1451,  29  Henry  VI.  seised  of  the  manors  of  Bur- 
stall,  and  Herdeby,  in  com.  Leicest.i   Bristelington,  Sbipton- 
Malet,'and  North  Perot,  in  Somersetshire;  Wolveton,  Mapoudre, 
Hynton-Marrtell,  Mayne*MarteU,  and  Compton- Valence,  in  Dor- 
setshire; Bournehall,.and  Hertesbourne,  in  com.  Hertf.;  Offing- 
ton,  Sutton,  Iweburst,  near  HenEeld,  Porteslade,  Aldryngtoo, 
BlechingtoB,  Plecchyng,*  Rype,  Exceter,  Folkynton,  and  Sapur-^ 
ton,  Okehangre,  Barton-Peverell,  Newton- Valence,  Tirestewode, 
and  Wynketon,  in  com.  Southamp.;  Alington,  Newton-Tony» 
Swatcliffe,  ,£ast-Hacche,  Eston,  Brodmere,  Lucies,  Charletoi|» 
and  Fountell^  in  V^iltshire;  Wyke-Warr,  in  com.  Glouc;  Hemp*- 
ston-Cantilupe,  in  com.  Devon. ;    Fakenham-Aspes,  in  com. 
SufF.3  Swynesheved,  Syxhill,  and  Bloxham,  in  com.  Line. ;  with 
the  ^  patronage  of  the  abbey  and  parish  Church  of  Swynesheved 
aforesaid,  and  free  chapel  of  Barthorp,:  and  advowson  of  the 
church  of  Bloxham,  in  com.  Line.   He  lefl  issue  by  ^  Eleanor  his 
wife,  second  daughter  of  Henry  Earl  of  Northumberland,  by 
Eleanor  his  wife,  daughter  and  heir  oi  Richard,  sop  and  heir  oi 
Robert  Lord  Poynings,  two  sons;  viz.  Richard,  his  hdr,  nineteen 
years  of  age  at  his  decease ;  and 

•  Rot.  Franc.  8  Henry  VI.  01.  19.  t  ib,  19.  Henry  VI.  ro.  6. 

«  Rymer*t  Feed,  ii  torn.  p.  148, 149.  «  Rot.  Franc.  25  Hen.  VI.  m.  7. 

Y  Rot.  Clans,  de  iisd.  ann.  «  Etc.  29  Henry  VI.  no.  21. 

*  Long  afterward!  one  of  the  family  teats  f  and  now  Lord  Sheffield's. 

^  Claus.  aoA,  29  Henry  VI.  m.  8.  ^  "Ex  Stemmata  apud  Sion. 


EARL  OF  DELAWARR.  § 

Johoy  of  whom,  I  find  in  Glover's  Visitation  of  To^hiie,  of 
1584,  that,  having  married  Agnes,  daughter  and  heir  of  William 
Ivesoo,  of  Waith,  in  that  county,  he  resided  there,  and  left  issue 
Richard  West,  his  son  and  heir,  of  Stainborough,  also  of  Waithi 
in  com.  Ebor.  ancestor  of  Francis  West,  of  Waith,  Esq.  living 
in  1584. 

The  said  Reginald  had  also  four  daughters:  Margaret,  married 
to  Sir  Thomas  Erpingham,  of  Erpingham,  in  Sussex ;  Anne,  to 
Thomas  Berkeley,  of  Beverston,  in  com.  Glouc.  j  Maty,  to  Roger 
Leuknore,  of  the  county  of  Sussex;  and  Catherine,  to  Roger  Lord 
Hungerford. 

Which  Richard,  Lord  Db  la  Warr,  being  a  stout  assertor 
of  the  interest  of  the  house  of  f^ancaster,  in  the  wars  of  that  time 
against  the  house  of  York  i  and  having  with  others^  entered  the 
Tower  of  London,  and  endured  a  siege  ;^  he  had,  in  consideration 
of  his  singular  services  in  38  Henry  VI.  a  grant  of  forty  pounds 
per  ann.  during  life,  payable  out  of  the  issues  of  the  manor  of 
Old  Wotton,  in  Wiltshire,  part  of  the  possessions  of  Richard  Duke 
of  York,  then  attainted. 

Bnt,  when  the  scene  changed,  he  chose  not  to  live  under  the 
power  of  those  to  whom  he  had  been  an  open  adversary ;  which 
induced  him,  in  3  Edward  IV.  to  obtain  leave  to  go  abroad,  and 
accordingly  it  was  granted  him  to  go  ^beyond  the  seas,  with 
twelve  servants,  and  as  many  horses,  not  exceeding  the  value  of 
Ibrty  shillings  each,  and  there  to  continue.  However,  he  did  not 
long  remain  abroad,  for  he  s  had  summons  to  parliament  from  38 
Henry  VI.  to  12  Edward  IV.  inclusive;  and  died*>  on  March 
10th,  1475-6,  16  Edward  IV.  possessed  of  the  manors  of  Hemp« 
ston-Cantilupe,  in  com.  Devon. ;  Mapoudre,  Wolverton,  Cher- 
leton,  Corapton-Valence,  Hynton-Martcll,  Mayn-Martell  in 
Newton-Peverell,  in  Dorsetshire ;  Bournehall,  and  Hertesboumea 
in  com.  Hertford;  New  ton- Valence,  Wynketon,  Barton-Peverdl, 
Okenhanger,  and  Tirstwode,  in  com.  Southamp. ;  Midsomer- 
Norton,  Brustlyngton,  Shipton-Malet,  Eston  Lucies,  Swalclyffe, 
Est-Hacche,  Alynton,  Bredmere,  Wyke,  with  the  park  of  Rounde, 
Sotton-Mandevtlle,  Stratford*Tony,  Hasildon,  and  Upton,  in 
Wiltshire.  Leaving  issue,^  by  Catherine  his  £rst  wife,  daughter 
of  Robert  Lord  Hungerford,  by  Margaret  (daughter  and  heir  of 
William  Lord  Botreaux),  his  wife,  five  sons;  viz.  1.  Thomas, 

d  Scow's  Annals,  p.  408.  «  pat.  38  Henry  VI.  p.  2.  m.  22. 

f  Rot.  Franc.  3  Edw.  IV.  m«  la.  S  Rot.  chos.  de  ejusd.  ann.  in  dors, 

h  Esc.  16  Edward  IV.  n.  6x,  1  Ex.  Stem.  prcd.  in  Bibl.  Lambeth. 


10  P£ERAGB  OP  ENGLAND. 

who  sacceeded  hloi  in  his  honours.  2.  John.  3.  Reginald.  '  4. 
Edward.    5,  Richard,  a  Franciscan  friar  at  Greenwich. 

Also  two  daughters ;  Margaret,^  wife  of  Sir  Nicholas  Strelley^ 
of  Strelley>  in  com.  Nott.  (who  died  at  London,  on  April  30th» 
1491,  and  was  buried  in  the  church  of  St.  Andrew's  Wardrobe^ 
near  Bajnard's  Castla);  and  Margery,  a  nun  at  Syon,  in  Mid^ 
dieses. 

Which  Thomas  Lord  Djslawarr,  in  the  lifetime  of  his  fti* 
iher,  though  not  more  than  eighteen  years  old,  was  in  that  expe- 
dition into  France,^  in  14^4,  on  which  account  be  receired 
ninety-iive  pounds,  eleven  shillings,  for  a  quarter's  wages^  for 
four  men  at  arms,  and  thirty  archers,  which  were  of  his  retinue. 
He  obtained  a  special  ™  livery  of  his  lands,  on  September  1st, 
1475,  though  at  that  time  he  was  not  of  full  age ;  and  was  in 
aach  favour  with  King  Henry  VIL  whom  he  assisted  in  attaining 
the  crown,  that  in  the  first  year  of  his  reign  he  gave  him  a  grant>^ 
in  special  tail,  of  the  casile,  barony,  honour,  lordship,  town,  and 
borough  of  firembre,  in  Sussex ;  and  of  the  manors  of  Kings*^ 
Hemes,  West-Grinsted,  Knapp,  and  Washington,  of  the  towna 
and  boroughs  of  Shoreham  and  Horsham,  of  the  forest  of  St.  Leo* 
nard,  with  the  parks  of  St.  Leonards,  with  the  parks  of  Beaubush 
and  Knap^  of  the  hundreds  of  Braford,  Stenjnge,  Grenstede, 
Berbeche,  and  Wordham,  with  the  half  of  the  hundrtd  of  Este- 
worthe,  and  half  of  the  hundred  of  Fishergate ;  late  belonging  to 
John  Howard,  Duke  of  Norfolk,  flain  at  Bosworth  field,  and  the 
which  came  to  the  crown  by  his  attainder. 

In  5  Henry  VIL  he  was  made  Knight  of  the  Bath«  at  the 
creation  of  Arthur  Prince  of  Wales;  and  in  7  Henry  VII.  was 
one  I*  of  the  chief  commanders  in  that  army  then  sent  into  Flan« 
deri,  in  aid  of  the  Emperor  Maximilian  I.  against  the  French. 
.Also,'^.  in  I4g7,  12  Henry  VII.  had  a  chief  command  in  those 
forces  that  suppressed  the  Cornish  men,  at  Blackheath,  on  June 
22d.  And,  for  his  great  services,  wii  elected  a  Knight  of  the 
Garter^  in  2  Henry  VIII.  with  Emanuel  King  of  Portugal,  and 
Thomas  Duke  of  Norfolk;  and  installed  at  Windsor,  on  May 
nth,  that  year,  and  placed  in  the  eleventh  stall  on  the  Prince*! 
side.    In  1513,  5  Henry  VIIL  attending  King  Henry  in  his  ci^^ 

k  Thoroton's  Not.  p.  231.  *  Rymcr,  VoJ.  U.  p.  846. 

"  Pat.  16  Edward  IV.  p.  z.  m.  6.  n  ib,4.  i  Henry  VII.  p.  4. 

o  Nom.  Equit.  sub.  effig.  Claud,  c.  3,  in  Bibl.  Cotton. 

P  PoJyd.  Virg.  p.  584.  n.  30.  1  lb.  p.  6og,  o.  30, 

^  AnscU*s  Reg.  of  Gart.  vol.  I.  p.  274. 


EAJIL  OF  DELAWARR*  1 1 

peJidoD  *  to  Therouene  and  Tooroay,  he  was  at  the  battle  fought 
oo  Aagust  iGtb^  that  year,  between  the  King  (accompanied  by 
Maximilian  the  Emperor),  and  the  French',  who  called  it,  ^La 
JounUe  des  Egperons,  from  the  ase  they  made  of  their  spurs  in 
ridiog  away;  and  for  his  valour  therein  ^  he  was  made  a  Knight 
Banneret.  In  1514,  he^  attended  on  the  Pnncess  Mary,  third 
daughter  of  Henry  VII.  and  sister  to  the  King,  at  her  marriage 
with  Lewis  XII.  King  of  France,  which  was  solemnized  on  Oc- 
tober gth  at  Abberiile ;  having  in  his  retinue  y  thirty  horsemen, 
well  accoutred,  and  one  pound,  six  shillings,  and  eight  pence  per 
day,  was  allowed  him  by  the  King,  towards  defraying  his  ex- 
penses. In  1520,  he  attended  the  King  and  Queen'  ta Canter- 
bury, Calais,  and  Guisnes,  to  the  long  intended  interview  with 
the  French  King.'  In  1522,"  on  the  second  coming  of  the  Em- 
peiDr  Charles  V.  into  England,  he,  with  the  Marquis  of  Dorset, 
in  the  name  of  the  King  of  England,  received  him  at  Gravelin, 
on  May  25th,  and,  with  all  honour,  brought  his  Imperial  Majesty 
to  Calais,  and  from  thence  to  Dover,  where  the  King  met  him,  to 
consult  about  the  aiTairs  of  Christendom  in  general,  and  to  treat 
of  a  match  betwixt  himself  and  the  Princess  Mary,  the  King  s 
daughter. 

This  Thomas  Liord  la  Warre,  styling  himself  Knight  of  the 
Garler^^  made  his  will  on  October  8th,  1524,  whereby  he  orders 
bis  body  to  be  buried  in  a  tomb  of  free-stone,  within  the  chancel 
of  the  parish  church  of  Broadwater,  according  to  his  honour;  and 
bequeathed  to  the  mother  church  of  Chichester,  twenty  shillings; 
and  to  the  church  of  Broadwater,  his  mantle  of  blue  velvet  of  the 
Garter,  and  his  gown  of  crimson  velvet,  belonging  thereto,  to 
make  two  altar-cloihs ;  also  to  the  church  of  Boxgrave,  his  gown 
of  tawney  velvet.  He  bequeaths  to  Thomas  West,  his  son  and 
heir,  all  his  hangings  and  beddings  within  his  great  chamber  of 
Offington,  and  the  chapel-chamber  there,  as  also  the  chapeU  as  it 
was  then  adorned,  with  alta^-doths  of  white  satin,  embroidered  with 
the  Garter,  and  a  bed  of  tinsel  satin  and  crimson  damask,  embroidered 
with  his  arms,  and  the  Garter;  likewise  his  crimson  velvet  gown 
furred  with  black.  He  makes  Eleanor  his  wife,  sole  executrix ; 
and  overseers.  Sir  Richard  Brook,  Knt.;  Sir  Thomas  West,  his 

•  Herbert's  Life  of  Henry  VXII.  p.  36.  t  Ulst.  of  Engl.  Vol.  II.  p.  x6. 

»  JekyiTt  collect,  of  Knigbtf,  MS.  p.  24.  >  Hall's  Chron.  fbl.  41. 

y  MS.  in  bibl.  John  Anttii,  arm.  nup.  gart.  reg.  arm.  not.  G.  si.  p.  197. 

'  £f  MS.  ooro.  Parium  Angl.  *  Ibid.  p.  5T7. 

^  £x  Reg.  vocat.  Perth,  qu.  2.  io  car^  pnerog.  Cane, 


12  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

son ;  and  Sir  Roger  Copley,  Knt« ;  and  died  possessed  of  great 
estates  in  the  counties  of  Sassex,  Southampton,  Witsbire^  Dor- 
setshire^ Somersetshire,  Gloucestershire,  Devonshire,  Hertfordshire, 
Warwickshire,  Leicestershire,  and  counties  of  Lincoln,  and  I^an- 
casteri  vhich  he  settled,  for  the  most  part,  on  Sir  Thomas  West, 
his  son  and  heir  apparent,  and  his  heirs  male  5  and,  in  default,  to 
Owen  West^  his  son^  and  his  heirs  mile ;  remainder  to  George, 
and  Leonard  West,  his  sons,  and  their  heirs  male.  The  manors 
of  Bradmere,  Charleton,  Fountell,  and  SwacliflTe,  with  the  appur- 
tenances, in  Wiltshire,  were  settled  on  Thomas,  his  son,  and 
Elizabeth  his  wife;  as  also Compton-Valens,  and  Maperton,  in 
com.  Dors. ;  and  the  manors  of  Testwood,  and  Wynketon,  in 
com«  Southamp.  were  settled  on  Elizabeth,  late  wife  of  William^ 
his  son^  deceased. 

And  on  Owen  '^^>8t,  he  settled  his  manors  of  Hinton-Martell, 
in  com.  Dors.  $  and  Folkington,  in  com.  Sussex ;  and,  in  default 
of  heirs  male,  on  Thomas,  his  son  and  heir. 

On  Leonard  West^  he  settled  his  manors  of  Sutton-Maundeville 
and  Hasilden,  in  Wiltshire  -,  and  Bradele,  in  com.  Dors. ;  and  to 
the  heirs  male  of  hb  body,  and  in  default,  on  Thomas  West,  Knt. 
bis  son  and  heir. 

He  bequeaths  to  his  daughters,  Mary,  Catharine,  and  Barbara^ 
to  and  for  their  marriages,  five  hundred  marks  each.  It  also  ap- 
pears by  his  will,  that  dame  Elizabeth,  his  first  wife,  was  buried 
in  the  church  of  the  White-friars,  in  London,  on  St.  Pcter's«-day5 
and  that  twenty-three  years  were  since  expired  from  the  date  of 
the  will,  he. having  caused  her  obit  to  be  commemorated  in  the 
said  church  for  tliirty  years,  as  also  for  Richard  West,  late  Lord 
la  Warre,  bis  father,  and  Catharine  his  wife,  his  mother }  and 
appointed  ten  marks  to  be  paid  yearly,  for  thirty  years,  as  a  «a^ 
lary  for  a  priest,  daily  to  say  mass  in  the  church  of  Broadwater; 
and  to  pray  for  the  souls  of  him,  the  said  Ix>rd  la  Warre,  Eliza- 
beth, his  late  wife,  Eleanor,  his  present  wife^  Richard  West  and 
Catherine,  his  father  and  mother,  and  all  Christian  souls. 

He  also  mentions  his  daughter,  Dorothy  Owen,  and  his  daugh- 
ter, Anne  St.  Amonde. 

He  likewise  was  bountiful  to  his  servants,  and  a  person  of 
great  honour  and  judgment,  as  his  will  shews ;  the  probat  whereof 
bears' date  on  February  12th,  1525  j  which  shews  he  died  soon 
after. 

He  married  two  wives  i^  whereof  I  shall  first  trace  tlie  issue  he 

c  £x  Sceromat.  in  Bibl.  Lambethj  and  Visitation  of  Hampshire. 


EARL  OF  DELAWARR.  13 

had  by  his  first  wife,  Elizabeth^  daaghier  of  Hugh,  sister  aod  beir 
of  Sir  John  Mortimer,  of  Mortimer's  Hall,  in  com.  Soatharop. 
which  were  two  sods,  Thomas,  who  succeeded  to  his  estates  and 
honour,  and  William  who  died  issueless. 

Also  four  daughters  3  Eleanor,  married  to  Sir  Edward  Guide- 
ford,  of  Hempated  place,  and  Halden  in  Kent,  Knight,  warden 
of  the  Cinque  ports,  who  had  issue  by  her,  Joan,  wife  of  John 
Dudley,  Duke  of  Northumberland  -,  Dorothy,  to  Sir  Henry  Owen, 
Knight;  Elizabeth,  to  Charles  Somerset,  Earl  of  Worcester; 
Anne,  to  Thomas  Lord  Clinton,  from  whence  the  present  Duke 
of  Newcastle  is  descended. 

THOMiiS  West,  Lobo  la  Warrb,  son  and  heir  to  Thomas, 
last  Lord  la  Warre,  *^  was,,  in  5  Hen.  VIII.  with  his  father,  at  the 
sieges  of  Therouenne  and  Tournay,  and  the  battle  that  ensued, 
when  for  his  valour  he  was  knighted,  ^  on  October  14th,  at  Lisle. 
After  succeeding  to  the  honour,  he  with  other  peers,  \d  parlia- 
ment, in  22  Hen.  VIII.  ^  subscribed  the  declaration  to  Pope  Cle- 
ment VII.  intimating  that  his  supremacy  here  would  not  be  re- 
garded, if  he  did  not  comply  with  Queen  Catherine*s  divorce. 

In  31  Hen.  VI I[.  on  the  dissolution  of  the  great  monasteries, 
he  obtained  a  grant  of  s  the  site  and  circuit  of  Wherwell  abbey,  in 
com.  Southamp.  with  the  lordships  of  Wherwell,  Weston,  Midle- 
ton,  Totington,  Bolington,  Grood,  alias  Goodworth,  Clateford  and 
Little  Anne,  thereto  belonging,  to  hold  to  himself,  and  Elizabeth 
his  wife,  and  his  heirs,  in  exchange  for  the  manors  of  Half-naked 
and  Wallerton  in  Sussex,  with  their  appurtennnces,  in  Mendham, 
Bjrdbaro,  West  Jchenor,  Hunstall,  Ivernall,  Woodcote,  Westerton, 
Streihampton,  Box  grave,  Compton,  OfFham,  and  Yapton,  in  the 
said  county  $  which  manors  the  King,  through  the  incitation  of 
Cromwell  and  others,  who  were  chiefs  in  the  contrivance  for  the 
dissolution  of  the  religious  houses,  got  from  him,  to  obviate  the 
future  restitution  of  those  lands,  to  the  uses  they  originally  were 
intended. 

He  was  a  Knight  Banneret,**  and  being  elected  Knight  of  the 
Garter,  *  on  December  1st,  1549,  was  installed  on  the  thirteenth 
of  that  month  at  Windsor.  In  1553,^  in  consideration  of  his 
service  against  John  Dudley,  Duke  of  Northumberland,  he  had  a 


*  Hairs  Chronicle,  fol.  24  e  Nom.  Equit.  piaed.  in  bibl.  Cott* 

f  Rymer's  Feed,  torn  14  p  20;.  n  Pat.  |x  Hen.  VIII.  m. 4. 

^  £x  CoU-  Aug.  Vincent.  •  Anstis's  Res*  Tol.  i.  P-44S. 

Rymer,  torn.  xv.  p«  3Sz* 


14  P£ERAG£  OP  ENGLAND. 

grant  of  200/.  per  ann.  for  life.  And  hairing  married  Elizabeth^ 
daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  John  Bonville,  Knight,  left  no  issue 
by  her^  departing  this  life,  on  September  25th,  1554,  at  CMfington, 
and  was  buried  near  his  father  at  Broadwater,  in  Sussex,  October 
12th,  ^  with  standards,  banners  of  arms,  &c.  and  nsany  moamers, 
as  recited  in  the  account  of  his  funeral ;  and  that  he  was  the  best 
housekeeper  in  Sussex. 

By  inquisition  ■"  taken  at  Cuckefield  in  Sussex,  June  6th,  after 
his  decease,  the  jury  found  that  he  died  on  September  25th,  1554 1 
and  that  Joan  Dudley,  Duchess  of  Northumberland,  was  his 
cousin  and  coheir,  and  at  that  time  fifty  years  of  age,  being  the 
daughter  and  heir  of  Eleanor,  his  eldest  sister,  the  wife  of  Sir 
John  Guildford,  Knight.  Also  that  the  three  daughten  of  bis 
second  sister,  Dorothy,  the  wife  of  Sir  Henry  Owen,  Knight,  were 
coheirSf  viz.  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Nicholas  Deering, "  whose  son 
Thomas  was  twenly-fbur  years  of  age  in  1554  >  Mary,  wife  of 
John  Warnet,  aged  thirty^eight  years  on  September  1st,  1554| 
and  Anne,  aged  thirty-six  years,  1 554,  then  the  wife  of  James 
Gage.  Also^  that  he  died  seised  of  the  manor  of  Meyne  Martell, 
and  the  advowson  of  the  church.,  in  Dorsetshire  ;  the  manors  of 
Hempston  and  Cantelowe  in  Devonshire  j  the  manor  of  Wick- 
warre,  add  advowson  of  the  church,  in  Gloucestershire;  the 
manors  of  Shepton  Mallet,  and  advowson  of  the  church,  and  Brist* 
lington,  in  Somersetshire;  the  manor  of  Manchester,  and  ad- 
vowson of  the  church,  in  Lancashire  $  the  manors  of  Porteslade^ 
Somptinge  WeJde,  Ewherst,  with  the  park  of  Ewhcrst,  Black* 
ington,  and  advowson  of  the  church,  Knape,  and  park  of  Knape, 
Offington,  with  the  park  there,  and  Rype ;  and  lands  and  tene*- 
ments  in  the  parishes  of  Shepeley,  and  Grinsted,  in  the  county  of 
Sussex  ;  the  manor  of  Swineshed  in  Lincolnshire ;  the  manor  of 

0 

Newton  Valence ;  the  scite,  circuit,  and  precinct  of  the  monas- 
tery of  WhcrwcU,  alias  Wharwell,  with  the  manors  and  demesnes 
'of  Whcrwell;  the  manors  of  Westover,  Middleton,  Tokynton, 
Bolingdon,  Good  worth,  Clatford,  Little  Anne,  and  the  prebendary 
of  Good^  alias  Goodworth;  and  the  manor  of  Chawton,  with  ad* 
vowson  of  the  church,  in  com.  Southamp.  the  manor  of  Stratford 
Tony  in  Wilts;  and  the  scite,  circuit,  and  precinct  of  the  White 


Strype's  Memor  vol.  iii.  p.  aoi. 
n  Cole  Esc  lib.  ii.  p-  ii$»  ii6,  not.  619  A.  13,  in  Bibl*  Hari. 
u  These  were  Dering?  of  Hampshire,  though  probably  sprung  from  those 
•f  Kent ;  yet  I  think  their  armj  were  dilftrent. 


EARL  OF  DELAWARR.  15 

Fryars,  near  Fleet'-street,  London.  All  the  said  messuages,  and 
lands^  Btc.  were,  by  act  of  parliament,  on  November  4tb,  3  Edw. 
VI.  settled  upon  the  said  Thomas  Lord  de  la  Warr,  in  tail,  re- 
mainder to  his  brother.  Sir  Oven,  in  tail  3  remainder  to  the  use 
of  his  own  will  or  deed,  during  the  life  of  William  West,  re« 
mainder  to  the  said  William,  and  the  heirs  male  of  his  body. 

After  his  decease,  the  Lord  Morley,  his  friend,  made  the  fol- 
lowing epitaph  ^  on  him  : 

Virtue,  honesty t  liberalitie,  and  grace. 

And  true  religion,  this  sely  grave  doth  holde  : 

I  do  wishe,  that  aU  our  great  men  tvoulde 

In  good  follow  this  noble  Baxon's  trace, 

That  from  his  wise  hart  did  always  chase 

Envy  and  malice ;  and  sought  of  young  and  olde 

Love  and  favour,  that  passeth  stone  and  golJe  -, 

Unto  a  worthy  man  a  rich  purchase/ 

These  waies  he  used,  and  obtained  thereby 

Good  fame  of  all  men,  as  w^llfarre  of  as  nye  5 

jind  now  it  joyful  in  that  celestial  sphere, 

fFhere  with  sainctes,  he  sings  uncessantly. 

Holy,  honor y  praise,  and  glory. 

Give  to  God,  that  gave  him  such  might. 

To  live  so  nobly,  and  come  to  that  delight. 

The  same  author  recites  :  *'  His  badge,  a  crampet.  Or,  was 
given  to  his  ancestors,  for  taking  the  French  King  in.the  field, 
30  Edw.  III.  at  the  battle  of  Poicticrs,  September  igth,  1356." 

I  have  before  mentioned,  that  Thomas,  father  of  the  last 
Lord,  had  two  wives ;  and  I  am  now  to  treat  of  the  issue  he  had 
by  his  second  wife,»*  Eleanor,  daughter  of  Sir  Roger  Copley,  of 
Gatton  in  Surry,  Knight,  which  were  three  sons,  viz.  Sir  Owen,  i 
Sir  George,  and  Leonard  (or  Reginald,  according  to  visitation  of 
Hampshire.) 

Of  which  sons.  Sir  Owen,  the  eldest,  married  Mary,  daughter 
of  Sir  George  Guildford,  of  Herapsted  place  in  Kent,  Knight,  and 
by  his  will,  on  July  17th,  1551,  being  then  sick,  orders  his  body 
to  be  buried  where  he  departs  this  life.  To  dame  Mary  West,  hi» 
wifi;,  he  bequeaths  the  lordship  of  Hynton  Martyll,  during  her 


vP  Leigh's  Accidence  of  Armory,  p.  51*  b.  p  Ex  Stemmate  pi9d. 

t  Ex  Collect.  Aug.  Vincent,  and  Visit,  of  Hampshire. 


l6  P£BRA6£  OF  ENGLAND. 


life,  and  after  to  his  two  dan^bten,  Maiy  and  Anne.  He  ooosti* 
totfii  dame  Mary,  bis  wife,  bis  sole  cxccatrix ;  and  tbe  Lord  his 
brother,  and  bis  brother  Gnildford,  snpemson ;  and  bequeaths  to 
each  a  gidding.  Tbe  probate  is  dated  on  October  30lb,  1551, 
wherebjr  it  appean  be  did  not  reoorcr.  His  dai^htcr,  Maiy,  ■* 
(who  at  length  became  his  sole  heir)  was  married,  first,  to  Sir 
Adrian  Vcjmags,  Knight ;  and  secondly,  to  Sir  Richard  Rogers, 
Knigjll^ 

Leonard  West,  thiid  and  joongest  son  by  the  said  second  mar- 
riage»  had,  hy  the  last  will  and  testament  of  his  father  Sir  Thomas 
West,  Knight,  Lord  la  Warre,  Knight  of  the  Garter,  bearing  date 
on  October  8th,  1524,  *  the  manors  of  Satton  Maondeville,  and 
Hasilden,  in  Wiltshire ;  and  the  manor  of  Brodele  in  Dorsetshirei 
which  were  settled  on  htm,  and  his  heirs  male;  in  default^  on  Sir 
Thomas  West,  Knight,  his  son  and  heir.  And  his  father  dying 
possessed  of  a  very  great  estate,  in  the  counties  of  Sussex,  South- 
ampton, and  in  Wiltshire,  Dorsetshire,  Somersetshire,  Gloucester- 
shire, Wan^'ickshire,  Leicestershire,  Lincolnshire,  and  Lancashire, 
which  he  settled  on  Sir  Thomas  West,  Knight,  his  son  and  heir, 
and  his  beirs  male ;  and,  in  defanlt  thereof,  entailed  bis  said  es- 
tate on  Owen  West,  bis  son,  remainder  to  George  West,  and  the 
said  Leonard  West.  On  tbe  decease  of  his  father  he  was  in  his 
youth  }  but  in  the  parliament  (which  was  summoned  to  meet  at 
Oxford,  on  April  2d,  1554  *)  he  was  one  of  the  members  for  the 
borough  of  Sborehara,  in  Sussex.  He  married  ^  Barbara,  daughter 
of  Sir  William  Grascoigne,  of  Gawtborpe,  in  Yorkshire,  Knight, 
by  whom  be  had  issue  four  sons ;  Thomas  and  Anthony,  who 
died  infants  $  William,  and  John  j  *  also,  four  daughters,  Mary, 
St«  Amand,  Margaret,  and  Anne  i  whereof  Mary  was  Uie  wife  of 
Ralph  Vavasor,  of  Hazlewood,  in  com.  Ebor.  £sq. ;  and  Mar- 
garet, of  Thomas  Brown,  of  We&twood,  in  com.  Lincoln,  Esq. 

Sir  Gborgb  West,  second  son  of  Thomas  Lord  Warre,  by 
his  second  wife,  Eleanor  Copley,  married  Elizabeth,*  eldest  of  the 

r  Inscrip.  Tumuli  apud  Guilford,  in  com-  Surr.  and  Visitation  of  Hamp- 
shire. 

s  £x  Regist.  Yoc  Forth,  in  cur  Praerog  Cant. 
^  Willis's  Notitia  Pariiamentaria,  p-  33,  and  37. 

u  Vincent's  Baronase,  MS.  n.  zo,  in  offic.  arm.  et  MS.  not  Sa>  l.jt  p.  53* 
in  Bibl.  Harl. 

X  From  him,  in  the  last  edition  of  Collins,  was  deduced  the  descent  of 
the  late  James  West,  Esq-  F.  A.  S.  secretary  to  the  treasury,  and  eminent  as  a 
collector ;  who  died  July  ist,  1772-  He  was  father  of  the  late  Lady  Archer. 
But  quere  ? 


DBLAWARR.    -  i; 

iwo  difagiit^  and  co-hein  of  Sir  Anthony  (or  Sir  Robert^  as  in  the 
▼isHatioas  of  Hampshire  and  Surrey)  Moreton,  of  Lcchlade  in 
GloQcestershire^  son  of  Thomas  Moreton,  of  the  same  place^ 
nephew  to  the  famous  John  More^on,  of  the  privy-council  to 
Henry  VII  archbishop  of  Oantcrbury,  chancellor  of  England,  and 
chancellor  of  the  university  of  Oxford ;  and  had  issue  by  her  a 
diaughter,  Margaret,  wife  of  Thomas  Arandel,  Esq.  with  two 
sons;  William,  of  whom  I  shall  further  treat  -, 

And  Sir  Thomas  West,  of  Seltwood  in  com.  Southamp. 
Knight,  who  died  on  August  11  th.  1622,  leaving  Mary,  his  sole 
daughter  and  heir,  the  wife  of  Sir  John  Leigh,  of  Cowdray,  in 
com.  Southamp. 

The  said  Sir  George  West  y  was  buried  in  the  church  ■  of  War* 
bleton;  in  Sussex,  according  to  the  order  in  his  will,  dated  on  Sep- 
tember 7th,  1538  ;  the  probate  whereof  bears  date  the  27th  fol* 
lowing,  which  shews  he  died  in  the  same  month  and  year. 

Of  William,  fibst  Lord  by  new  creation,  his  eldest  son, 
it  is  recorded,  in  the  rolls  of  parliament,  2  Edw.  VI.  that  Thomas 
Lord  de  la  Warr,  his  uncle,  having  no  issue,  bred  him  up  in  his 
own  house ;  but,  not  content  to  stay  for  his  said  uncle's  natural 
death,  he  prepared  poison  to  dispatch  him ;  which,  being  dis- 
covered, so  highly  incensed  him,*  that,  in  2  Edwi  VI,  on  com- 
plaint thereof  in  parliament,  he  was  disabled  to  succeed  his  said 
tincle  in  honours  or  estate;  but  had  an  allowance  of  350/.  per 
ann.    Which  William,  in  1557,  served  in  the  English  army  at 
the  siege'  of  St.  Quintin^  in  Picardy;  and,  being  <^  knighted  at 
Hampton-court,  on  February  5th,  1568,  he  at  the  same  time  ob* 
taioed  a  new  creation  to  the  title  of  Lord  de  la  fFarre;  ^  and,  by 
act  of  parliament  passed  March  I2tb  following,  had  full  restitu* 
tion  in  blood.    In  1572,  ^^  he  was  one  of  the  peers  on  the  trial  of 
Thomas  Howard,  Duke  of  Norfolk,  January  idth,  in  Westminster 
HalL    And,  after  his  execution, '  William  Lord  de  la  Warr,  Sir 
Ralph  Sadler,  with  Sir  Thomas  Wilson,  were  sent  to  the  Queen 
of  Scots,  who  was  overcome  with  grief  and  mourning,  to  expos- 
tulate with  hcTy  by  way  of  accosatlon,  that  she  had  usurped  the 

f  Viooent's  Baioaagek  MS.  In  offlc.  armor. 

s  Regist.  Cromwcl.  fol.  to.  •  Rw-  F»l-  vm,  %  Edw.  VI. 

^  HoUlitfhed's  Chronr  p.  1 133>  ^  n.  40. 

c  CacKU  Milit.  MS.  p«ics  mcipi. 

d  Joomsl  of  the  House  of  Conmonst  5  Elia.  p-  68. 

-«  Cttnidb-s  Life  of  12«cn  BU^MMth,  in  Hist.  «f  finfltndi  p  417' 

f  Ibid.  p..  44«^ 

VOL,  T.  ^ 


i9  nrntfiB  09  iNQHUoay. 

title  494  WB0  of  the  down  of  Snglml,  aad  bod  not 
the  some,  as  wot  agreed  open  io  tlie  tieotf  of  Edtokoigb :  fho^ 
fyr  the  fM  poneating  benelf  thereof,  abe  had  treated  of  a  oaart 
fiage  with  the  Puke  of  Nor^k,  fritkMM  ooqottoliag  the  Qaa0» 
dierewUb,  &c.  In  April,  1509,  be  wos  one  of  the  peen<  oo  tho 
tfial  of  Philip  Howard,  Earl  of  Ambdel.  He  manied  Siiaabctfa,^ 
daughter  of  Thomas  Stiaoge,  of  Chestertoo  in  eon.  Glooc.  £s^ 
hj  whom  he  had  issue,  Tboaias,  his  sod  and  heir ; 

Also  three  daughters  $'  Janej  fim  osarried  to  llMiiiaa  Wen- 
map  (son  to  Sir  Richard  Wenman,  Knight) ;  secondly,  to  James 
Cre9S7  j  thirdly,  to  Sir  Thomas  Tasbui^h,  Knight }  and,  fourthly, 
to  Ralph  Sheldon,  of  Beoley  in  com.  Wigom,  £iq« ;  EUaabeth, 
yecood  daughter,  was  wedded  to  Richard  Bloont  (brother  to  Sir 
Michael  Bloont,  Knight),  of  Dodsham  io  Sussex,  Esq.;  and 
Miuy,  third  daughter,  died  unmarried. 

By  inquisition  ^  taken  after  his  decease,  at  Winchester,  oo 
April  6th,  1596,  it  appears,  that  he  died  at  Whcrwell,  oo  De* 
cember  30th,  15g5,  and  that  Sir  Thomas  West,  Knight,  was  bia 
100  and  heir,  and  aged  forty  years. 

Which  SiB  Thomas,  second  Loap,  was  kni^^ted '  in  dO 
Elia.  and,  by  titl^  of  Thomas  de  la  Warrre,  io  38  Elis.  was  ap- 
pointed one  of  the  commissioners  "*  for  putting  in  execution  aa 
act  passed  in  the  first  year  of  her  reign,  intitled,  "  An  acte  re? 
storioge  tothe  crowno  of  the  aundent jurisdiction  orer  the  state, 
ecclesiasticall  and  qpiritnall,  and  abolisbiog  all  fore^e  power  le- 
pugoaot  to  the  same."  Also,  in  39  Eliz.  the  commission  being 
renewed,  ^  be  was  again  in  it :  and,  in  the  same  year,  exhibiting 
bis  petition  ^  to  the  Queen,  in  the  parliament  then  held,  to  b^ 
rsstmed  to  the  place  and  precedency  of  his  ancestors,  be  waa 
thereupon  placed  between  the  Loi^  Wilk>i^hby  of  Erasby,  and 
the  Lord  Berkeley.  In  1601,  he  was  one  of  the  peersP  on  thm 
trials  of  the  Earls  of  Essex  andvSouthampton,  in  Westminster 
Hall  I  and  when  they  were  pronounced  guilty,  the  Ei|ii  of  Esaex^ 
bc^re  he  left  the  lordsi  **  asked  pardoa  of  the  Lord  de  la  Wan-ji 
$od  the  Lord  Morley>  for  briogiog  their  sons  into  danger,  who 

s  Csmdcii«ft  Life  of  Qasea  Ilia^ia  Kiat.ef  Snap.  551,  $51. 

I  Visinitloii  of  Hampdim  »  ibid. 

k  Cole's  £w.  lib.  i-  p.  252,  n. €u  A#  IS, lA  Bibl.  Hnlsr- 

*  JekyU't  Cat.  ef  Kaighti^.lfS.|MQSiincipt. 

■  Rynneri,  tem.  Xfi  ^  191.  •  Itaid.lstt.xti.p,3a4* 

•Io«nslofPvl.39llia-  » Cssd«ilaHict<iitli«m'p.f3t. 

^  ibidf  p«fl}€k 


SAU.  BBLAWAftft.  I9 

• 

iiumwiMiinfi  mA  tin  wMe  natCer.  He  died  on  Rfavlr 
Mdi,  44  EluB. '  and  ly^  Aime,  fait  wM^  daughter  of  Sir  Franciir 
ImUm,  Knight  of  tbs  GarUr,  and  ttcaiarar  of  the  houaehoid  to 
£liaabetfa,  bad  issue  fife  sons.  * 

liisti  Sir  Robert^  wko  died  in  bis  hMime,  witboat  sorriWng 
bj  *  bit  wife,  £lisabetb,  yoongest.  daogbter  and  oobeir  of 
SirHeaiy  Cock^  of  Broxboro  in  Rertfbrdibirey  Knigbt^  wbo^  aller 
bis  decease,  was  aeoondlj  married  to  Sir  Robert  Oxenbridge,  of 
nnBbui'ne»  iLnigbt* 

Second,  Tbooaas  Wes^  Lord  de  k  Wen*. 

Tbisd,  Phmcis. 

Fbortb,  Jobn. 
■    And,  fiftb,  l^baDiel. 

Also  rix  dai^bters )  Eiiiabctbi  aoanied  to  Herbert  Palhani, 
Xsq.  of  biicbelbam  in  Sasscx»  and  of  Compton  Valence  in  tbe 
0011DI7  of  Dorset ;  she"  &d,  Jaoaaiy  Idtb,  l€39y  aged  fifty-nine, 
and  was  buried  at  Compton  Valonce ;  Lettioe,  wedded  to  Heniy 
Lodbw,  of  Tedley  in  Hants,  Esq  ;  Penelope,  married  to  Herbert 
Pdbam,  Esq.  son  and  heir  of  Herbert ;  Catherine  died  unmar*' 
lied;  SleMor,  tbe  Ivile  of  Sir  William  Savage,  Knight  5  and 
Anoe,  married  to  John  Pellett,  Esiq.  of  Bolne,  in  com*.  Sqsaez; 
Knigbt. 

Which  TftoM AS  Loan  db  la  Wabk,  trirb  Loan,  in  tbe  life* 
line  of  bia  fiither, '  was  Icnigbtedin  42  Blie.  and,  on  tbe  death  of 
the  Qoeeo,  was  one  of  tbe  t^irenty^five  lords,  priry  coonsellorSy 
w1m>  sent  a  letter,  dated  at  tbe  -palaoe  of  Whitehall,  00  March 
astb,  16O6,  to  tbe  Lord  Enre,  and  tbe  rest  of  tbe  commissioners 
iv  tbe  treatj  of  Breaooe ;  notifying  to  them  y  tbe  accessSon  cf 
King  James  to  tbe  throne,  and  ordering  them  to  make  tbe  beat 
tanrtitinns  they  eouki.  In  such  pcfinta  as  they  hsd  in  charge,  widi 
the  Imperial  commiananers*  In  tlM  fint  year  of  King  James  I.  b* 
wiain  oommiiston*  with  Jobn  Wbltgift^  archbishop  of  Canter^ 
bury,  Cbarles  Howard,  Earl  of  Not^ngbam,  lord  high  admirat 
Sir  Jirfin  Herbeft,  Knigbtf  princqial  secretary  oF  state,  and  others^ 
to  inqniie  and  call  befoe  them  all  such  persons  as  shall  advised^ 
■lainH**  or  aifinn  any  doctrine  repugnant  to  any  of  the  article  of 

i 

r  Vbioant's  Mnomt^  If  S.  p.  so4»  ■.  ao>  bi  Oflc.  armor,  and  Cola's  Essl 
Sb.  L  (L  a^s,  in  BibL  Halt 

•  Visitation  of  Hampthire.  ^  Mont.  In  BfOKbomcbmab. 

«  Hmchins't  Dorsetshire,  toI  i.  p  yd? 
.  ^  Gst.of  Knlghu,  IfS.  paotii  9B|^ 
y  Ry oBfr't  ¥ok1.  loni.  xvL  p.  491*  494.  |)M-  l|^i#^^  ^ 


90  PEEBAGB  OF  IINGLAND. 


\,  wbicfa  opDcem  the  confemon  of  the  true  cMiliaD 
snd  the  doctrine  of  the  sacfaments^  as  agreed  on  by  the  aith*. 
Ushops  and  bishops  of  both  proraces^  and  the  whole  detgf,  la 
copvocation,  in  1562.  .  ''^ 

In  1609,  he  was  constituted  captain-genenl  of  all  the  colonies 
planted,  or  to  be  pkoted,  in  Virginia  $  and  went  thither  the  same 
year,  with  three  ships  and  one  hundred  and  fifty  men,  principally 
artificers.*  .  ^' 

*'  This  of  Virginia"  (says  the  author  of  ''  An  Account  of  the 
European  Settlements  in  Ameiicaj'*  supposed  to  have  been  Mr« 
William  Burke,)  ^  "  is  the  roost  ancient  of  ouz  colonies,  though, 
strictly  speaking,  the  first  attempts  to  settle  a'  colony  were  not 
made  in  Virginia,  but  in  that  part  of  Ndrth  Carolina  which  im- 
mediately borders  upon  it    Sir  Walter  Ralagh,  the  moat  extra- 
ordinary  genius  of  his  own,  or  perhaps  any  other  time,  a  penetnt* 
ing  statesman,  an  accomplished  courtier,  a  deep  scholar,  a  fine 
writer,  a  great  soldier,  and  one  of  the  ablest  seamen  in  the  worid; 
this  vast  genius,  that  jneroed  so  far,  and  ran  through  so  many 
things,  was  of  a  fiery  eccentric  kind,  which  led  him  into  daring 
expeditions,  and  uncommon  projects,  which  not  being  understood 
by  a  timid  Prince,  and  envied  and  hated  by  the  rivals  he  had  in  so 
many  ways,  ruined  him  at  last.    In  person  he  ran  infinite  risques 
in  Guiana  in  search  of  gold  mines  $  and,  when  this  country  was 
first  discovered,  he  kwked  through  the  work  of  an  age  at  one* 
glance  3  and  saw  how  advantageous  it  might  be  made  to  the  trade* 
of  England,    He  was  the  first  man  who  had  a  right  conceptioa' 
of  the  advantages  qf  settlemenu  abroad  j  ha  was  then  the  only: 
person  who  had  a  thorough  insight  into  the  trade  of  Engknd,  and 
who  saw  clearly  the  proper  methods  of  piomotiag  it.    He  applied 
to  court,  and  go^  together  a  company,  which  was  composed  oft 
seyq^  persons  of  distinction,  and  several  eminent  merchants,  wha 
agreed;to  open  a  trade,  and  settle  a  colony  in  that  part  of  the 
world,  which  in  honour  of  Queen  Elizabeth  be  called  Virginia. 

''  Raleigh  had  too  much  business  upon  his  hands  at  court,  and 
'  found  too  few  to  second  him  in  his  designs,  to  enable  him  to  sup-'. 
pprt  the  establishment  ..with  the  spirit  jn  which  he  began  it.  If 
ever  any  designhad  an  ominous  beginning,  and  seemed  to  forbid 
jgijr  attempts  for  canyiog  it  on,  it  was  that  of  the  first  settletoent 
of  Virginia.    Near  half  of  the  first  colony  was  destroyed  by 

«  How*t  Additions  to  Stow's  Annals,  P492. 
^  Cousijn  to  £dmuind  Burke. 


EABL  BELXWABA.    I  it 

liTaget:  tod  the  rest,  contomed  and  worn  down  bf  fatigue  and 
fiunine^  deaerted  the  coqntrjr,  and  retarncd  home  in  despair.  The 
aecood  colony  was  cat  off  to  a  man,  in  a  manner  unknown ;  but 
they  were  supposed  to  be  destroyed  by  the  Indians.  The  thtitt 
had  the  same  disoMl  fate;  and  the  fourth  quarrelling  among 
themselves,  neglecting  their  agriculture  to  hunt  for  gold,  and  pro- 
voking the  Indiana  by  their  insolent  and  unguarded  behaviour, 
lost  several  of  their  people,  and  were  returning,  the  poor  remains 
of  them,  in  a  ^mishing  and  desperate  condition  to  England ;  when 
just  at  the  month  of  Cbesapeak  Bay  they  met  the  Xonf  De  la  Wah, 
with  a  aquadron  leaded  with  provision,  and  tvtry  thing  for  their 
relief  and  defence,  who  persuaded  them  to  return. 

"  This  nobleman  travelled  with  as  much  zeal  and  assiduity  to 
cherish  and  support  the  froward  infancy  of  this  unpromising  co:- 
lony,  as  some  have  used  in  better  times  for  purposes  of  anotb^ 
^nd.  R^aidless  of  his  Itfe,  and  inattentive  to  his  fortune,  he 
entered  upon  this  long  and  dangerous  voyage,  and  accepted  this 
barren  province,  which  had  nothing  of  a  government  but  its 
amdelics  and  its  cares,  merely  for  the  service  of  his  country ;  and 
he  had.no  other  reward  than  that  retired  and  inward  satisfaction 
which  a  good  mind  feels  in  indulging  its  own  propensity  to  vir- 
tue, and  the  prospect  of  those  just  honours  which  the  latest  poste- 
fity  take  a  pleasure  in  bestowing  upon  those  who  prefer  the 
interest  of  posterity  to  their  own.  After  he  had  prevailed  upon 
the  people  to  return,  he  comforted  them  trader  their  misfortunes^ 
he  painted- out  the  causes,  and,  uniting  the  tenderness  of  a  father 
with  the  steady  severity  of  a  magistrate,  he  healed  their  divisioni, 
and  reconciled  them  to  authority  and  government,  by  making 
them  feel,  by  his  conduct,  what  a  blesdng  it  could  be  made^ 
•  ''  When  he  had  settled  the  colony  within  itself,  his  next  care 
war  to  put  them  upon  a  proper  footing  with  regard  to  the  Indians, 
whom  he  found  very  haughty  and  assuming,  on  account  of  the 
kte  miserable  state  of  the  English ;  but  by  some  weHtimed  and 
vigorous  steps  he  humbled  them,  shewed  he  had  power  to  chas- 
tise them,  and  courage  to  exert  that  power;  and  having  awed 
them  into  very  peaceable  dispositions,  and  settled  his  cok>ny  in  a 
very  growing  condition,  he  returned  home  for  the  benefit  of  his 
health,  which  by  his  constant  attendance  to  business,  and  the  air 
of  aA  onciiltivated  country,  had  been  impaired ;  but  he  left  his 
son,«  with  the  spirit  of  his  father,  his  deputy;  and  sir  Thomas 

•  This  secM  s  sslsttke,  «aless  he  bad  a  sod,  not  flBsadaaea  hi  ths  PMfS|et| 


M  PEEULC»  OFSNCOiAND. 

I 

:•  Gatat,  Sir  Oeofne  SaauDrrs,  tke  HoooaniUe  €k&6rge  ftny,  Mr 

Ferdband  Wenraao^  aod  Mr.  Newpcrt,  for  bis  oomcil.   Tbcafc, 

« with  other  pcraoas  of  rank  and  fbrtooe,  attended  biro  in  this  es« 

•peditionj  whicfa  gave  n  crfedit  to  tii*  coloay.    Thongh  tfarre  ale 

io  Baglaad  tntny  yoang  gentkitken  of  fendoe  dlsproportieltate  tto 

their  rank,  I  fear  we  ahonld  not  see  the  namea  of  lo  many  of 

them  engaged  in  an  elpeditionj  which  had  no  better  appeanmot 

.  than  tku  had  at  that  time. 

*'  Lord  de  la  W«r  did  not  forget  the  colony  on  hia  retom  to 
England ;  but,  cotisideriog  himself  as  nearer  the  fcmntaii»«befrd^ 
tfaoQght  it  his  dtttj  to  turn  the  spring  of  the  rcyal  ftfour  more 
copiously  upon  the  province  which  he  saperintendrd.  For  ^ght 
yean  togc/dier  he  wks  indefatigable  in  doing  every  thing  that 
could  tend  to  the  peopling^  the  support^  and  the  good  govemcnslK 
4kf  this  settlement;  and  he  died  in  the  pursuit  of  the  same  object 
iq  his  voyage  to  Virginia^  with  a  lai^e  supply  of  people,  cltethk 
SDg,  and  goodb.  **      , 

''  It  is  one  of  the  most  necessary^  and  I  am  sore  it  is  one  df  \ 
the  most  pleasing  parts  of  this  design^  to  do  justice  to  the  uaoaea 
of  those  men,  who  by  their  greatness  of  mind,  tbrtr  wisdom,  and 
their  goodness^  have  brought  into  the  pale  of  civility  and  feligtoOj^ 
jt)>e8e  mde  and  uncultivated  patts  of  the  g]t>be  3  wiio  could  dfo* 
csrn  the  rudiments  of  a  future  people^  wanting  only  time  to  be 
iinfolded  in  the  seed;  wh^  could  perceive  amid  the  kxaet,  and 
disappoh)tmonts»  and  expences  of  a  beginning  cotony,  the  greiit 
advantages  to  be  derived  to  their  country  from  such  undertakings ; 
and  who  eouKl  pursue  them»  in  spite  of  the  malignity  and  narrow 
Wttdom  of  the  world.  The  ancient  world  had  its  Osiris  and 
tirichtbooittSft  who  taught  them  the  use  of  grain ;  their  fidoefaaii^ 
who  instructed  them  in  tbe  culture  of  the  vine;  And  thdr  Or- 
pheus and  Liatis/ who  first  built  towos«  and  formed  civil  aodette* 
The  people  of  America  will  not  fail,  wfaed  time  has  made  things 
venerable,  aiki  when  an  interimxtkire  of  fable  has  moulded  nstfbl 
troths  into  poplar  opinions^  to  n^ention  with  equal  gratitudt» 
and  pcrhapi  similar  heightening  circumstances,  her  D)lombo8j| 
ber  Castro^  het  De  Boincy^  her  De  la  War»  her  Baltimore^  alMl 
her  Fenli.<^ 

who  ^ifld  before  him;  for  Hcary,  hit  ddeit  mb,  at  his  death  U  i6l8»  i^HM 
hj  the  inquisition,  to  have  been    only  in  his  fiAernth  year. 

<J  Ettrop.  Sett.  teeoBd  edit  Dodiley,  1758,  Vol.  II.  Cb.  XVI.  p.  117—19. 
<«  The  colony  of  Virginia  was  to  fate  rooted  by  the  care  of  Lord  de  la  War^  that 
it  WM  tabbied  to  Itaad  tws  tMiibk  stsrim  $  fm  lDSHaett»aM4e.by  ihs  ladiiaii, 


TUt  aecoQot  of  Lord  De*La. War's  death,  tl)OQgh  didSstent 
Cmn  tlMit  of  CoUiot,  wto  sajrs  be  died  in  his  letaro  faoade,  is 
coofirmed  by  CadideD,  who,  ia  {lis  annais  of  this  reign,  anno 
t6l8»  safs,  ''MayTtb.  My  Lord  La*Ware set  sail  fbr  Virginia: 
arriving  at  St.  Michael's,  is  splendidly  entertained  by  the  go^ef- 
AOr  of  die  island;  bat  sailing  from  thence,  dies,  together  with 
thirty  more,  not  without  suspicion  of  poison." 

The  inquisition,  taken  after  bts  decease,*  at  Andova*,  in  the 

eooaty  of  Southampton,  on  April  3d,  17  Jac.  I.  recites,  tbat  m 

.44  £liz.  he  married  Cedlie,  daughter  o^  Sir  Thomas  Shiri^,  bf 

Whistoo-place,  in  Sussex,  Knt.  and  that  he  died,  on  June  7th^ 

l6l8i  leaving 

Henry  West,  Lord  de  la  Warr,  his  son  and  hieitf  aged  fonrtefin 
yearsi  eight  months  and  four  days,  on  the  death  of  bis  father. 

Abo  six  daughters;  Janr?,  Elizabeth,  Anne.  Cccilie,  Lucy,  and 
Catherines  whereof;  Bliiabeth  was  Wedded  to  Herbert  Pelbam, 
ef  Swiashead.  Esq.  son  of  Anthony,  youngest  son  of  Thomas 
Fdham,  of  Laiighton,  Esq.  predecessor  to  the  late  Duke  of  New- 
castle; Anne  was  married  to  Christopher  Swaly,  D.  D  ^piece|»- 
tor  to  Henry  Prince  of  Wales,  eldest  son  to  King  James  I.  and 
lector  of  HuFat*Pierpoint,  in  Sussex,  above  forty  years,  whence  in 
1645,  he  was  ejected  for  his  loyalty  ^  Cedlie  was  the  wite  of  Sir 
Francis  Bindlose,  Knt.  and  mother  to  Sir  Robert  Bindlose,  of 
Berwick,  in  Lancashire,  Bart. ;  and  was  married,  secondly,  to  Sir 
Jchn  Byron,  Knight  of  the  Bath,  created  Lord  Byron  by  King 
Charles  L  and  Lucy  was  wedded  to  Sir  Robert  Byron,  brother 
of  the  said  Lord  Byron. 

The  sakl  Hbxet,  pouarR  LoiiD,s  was  summoned  to  parliament 
as  Lord  de  la  Warr,  on  November  14th,  19  Jac.  I.  He  took  to 
wife,  in  March  16114-5,  Isabella  (bom  at  Brussels,  in  November, 
1607),  eldest  of  the  two  daughters  and  coheirs  of  Sit  Thomas 
Kdmunds,  Knt.  treasurer  of  the  household  to  King  Charles  I.  and 
seveMi  times  ambassador^  in  fineign  courts.  By  her,  his  Lord* 
^p  had  issoe^ 

hi  frtdcb  ti«  whole  siabiif  mn  neiHy  cat  otf's  Sad  U>  MiUat  that  people,  so  as 
fe»  pat  it  attirly  <i«c  of  their  poaw  fer  «aay  ycais  patt  to  ghre  them  the  kac  4iS« 
tHfbsaMb'*    Ihid.  Cb.  XVIL  p.  saa»  2S3. 

•  Cole's  Etc.  lib.  5.  p,  421.  ia  BibU  HarL 
'  InKfipC  Moaument*  in  Ecct.  4e  Hmst-Picrpom,  in  coin.  SonAu 

S  Dugdik*8  Summons,  p.  549. 
h  BtrcVs  latrstectioa  to  the  Kegocietiofls  betwcca  Soflsad  end  Fraace,  *c» 

^^4• 


M  PEBRACMS  QP.PtljBMND. 

. .  ,pba|[le8jlastuooeMor.  .  ::       ^ 

^,    Also  two  daughters)  Elizabeth,  married  to  Pyancis Bindloif » 
.  £sq,$  and  Mary,  wedded  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Orme.  , 

•  "^j  inquisitioo  taken  after  bis  decease/  on  Juo^  15th,  1628,  4 
.Car.  I.  the  jury  found  that  be  died  on  the  1st  or  that  moDth,^ 
allied  of  the  hundred  of  WherwelL  with  the  manors  and  lord- 
ships  thereunto  belongiug;  the  manors  of  Middleton,  Tatkiotoii, 
lalias  Tufton,  BuUington,  Goodworth,  Ciatf«ird,  Little-Anne,  and 
rectory  of  Goodworth,  all  in  tlie  county  of  Southampton  i  and  th^t 
Charles  Lord  de  la  Warr  was  his  sou  and  heir,  and  then  ag^ 
two. years  and  four  months. 

Of  which  Charles,  fifth  Lord  de  la  Warji«  1  find,  thft 
];|^,  with  the  Earl  of  Warwick,  were  named  by  the  Lords;  on 
May  28th,  1(347,  commissioners'^  to  go  to  ttsearmy,  apd  assist 
19  the  disbanding  of  the  foot  regiments;  but  tuc  General  andjhe 
officers  reifused  to  submit  thereto.  On  the  rising  ot  Sir.  Gfiorgt 
Booth,  in  order  to  the  restoration  of  King  Charles  II,  his  Lord- 
ship, with  the  Earl  of  Oxford,  and  the  Viscouni  Falkland,  wc^e 
apprehended,  on  August  13th,  i6^g^  on  suspicioa  of  beipg  assist- 
ing to  him,  and  were  sent  to  prison,  as  Whitlock  recites,  p.  683. 
He  married  Anne,  daughter  and  hpir  of  John  Wild,  of  Droitwicb, 
in  Worcestershire,  Esq.  and  serjeant.at  lawj  and  by  her,  who 
died  on  Deceaiber^iwtb,  1^77,  had  issue, 

1.  Charles,  his  son  and  heir,  who  married  ,  daughter  of 

— —  Hudlcston,  Esq.  i  and,  secondly,  Elizabeth,  daughter  and 
coheir  of  Sir  Robert  Pye,  of  Bradenham,  in  com.  Bucks,  Bart, 
but  died  without  issue,  on  June  22d,  1684. 

3.  Horatio,  yho  also  died  in  the  lileiime  of  his^fathcTj  at  Bar- 
badoes. 

3.  John  Lord  de  la  Warr. 

And  a  daughter,  Cecilie,  married  to  Dr.  William  Bcaw,  Bi- 
shop of  LJaodaffi  as  also  Anna  and  Sophia,  who  died  unmarrie?*. 

This  » Charles  Lord  de  la  Warr  departed  this  life,  in  the  sixt^ 
fifth  year  of  his  age,  on  thuriday,  December  22d,  J  687,  and  mm 
succeeded  by  John,  his  only  surviving  son. 

Which  JoHK,  si^TH  Lord  m  la  Warr,  w^s.  in  the  reign  of 
Kmg  WiUiam,  made,  .^rst  Gentleman  of  the  Bedchamber,  and 
Groom  of  the  Stole,  to  Prince  George  of  Denmark.    And,  2a 

i  Cole'f  Etc.  Lib.  I.  «.  61.  A.  iz.  Id  JJibl.  Harl.        * 
*  Whitrock's  Memorials,  p.  25*,  253. 


JBAXL  SSLAWABS. ::  T  ^ 

the  yo«r>a9ea>  Oo  a  Tint  Otteeo'  Arnie  paiiTIo'  the-UmT&tkjrof 
.Oxford,  he  ims  carcatod  doctor  of  lawt.  Qd  September  25tli^ 
IJW,  boi  was  sent  by  his  Rogral  Highness  to  PortsiDoutb,  to  com^ 
j^roent  ibe  Ctoeeo  of  Portngai,  on  her  airival  in  Great  Britaia. 
He  was  also  one  of  the  Cammissioiiers  tor  the  managemeDt  of  hb 
levm^e,  tmd  greatly  io  his  fnyoxn  to  the  time  of  his  death,  ob 
October  asth,  J708}  and.atteDded  at  his  Royal  Highness's  foae- 
ial,;Oii  November  lith«,  as  GrOom  of  the  Stole,  alone.  Afker 
wbicb,  OD  the  decease  of  Viscount  Fits^Harding,  in  171^,  he 
BQoeeeded  him  as  Treasurer  of  the  chamber  to  Queen  Anne.  Oft 
the  aooeasioD  of  George  L  to  the  throne^  on  Abgtnt  1st,  17.14, 
his  lordship,  on  November  7thibUowing,  was  constituted  one  ef 
the  Tellers  of  the  £|;fiheq9er^  aod  afterwards  Treasuier  df  tli6 
£xeise»  And,  departing^is  life  on  May  -SCth,  1723,  was  boriei 
inSt.  Maigaret>.church«  Westminster;  leavirg  issue,  by  Mar» 
garet  his  wife,  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Freeman^  of  the  city  of 
Londooy.  Merchant,  . 
-.  Jqhii»  the  first  £arL  . 

And  a  daughter,  Elizabeth,  who,  io  Aognst,  1724,  was  marriei 
tOrThomas  Digges,  of  Chilham-castle,  in  the  county  of  Keoli 
Esq.  aiotber:oC  West  Digges,  the  Player,  &c. 

The  said  Margaret,  his  Lady,  surviving  him,  died  on  January 
dlst,  i737»8,'and  was  buried,  on  Februarys  Cfth,']n  St.  Margaitt*s 
chinch^  Wp^Koinster.  . 

Which  JoHv,  FiasT  ]Barx,  db  la  Warr,  bom  on  April  4th, 
16^,  was,  on  his*  return  J'rOm  his  travels  in  1712,  mlide,  by 
Queen  Anne,  Standard-bearer  to  the  Band  of  Gentlrmr  n  Pension* 
ers,  and  sworn  in  a  Clerk  extraordinary  of  her  Majesty*s  Frivy* 
comdl.  Soon  after  the  accession  oIKing  George  i.  he  resigned 
the  post  of  Standard-bearer,  and  was  made  Guidon  to  the  fint 
troop  of  life-guards,  then  commanded  by  John  Duke  of  Montagu, 
He.>vas  app<lioted  a  Lord  of  .the  Bedchamber  to  King  Geerge  I. 
in  1725 ;  and  the.same  year  was  chosen  a  Knight  of  the  most  ho* 
noorable  order  of  the  Bath,  on  the  revival  of  that  honour,  and 
installed  in  Kii^g  Henry  Vll/s  Chapel,  on  June  26th.  In  1731, 
his ;Lordship.  was  made  Treasurer  of  the. household  to  his  late 
Majesty,  and  sworn  of  his  Privy-council.  In  1736«  he  was  sent 
to  Saxe-Gotha,  to  conclude  a  treaty  of  marriage  between  her 
lloyal  Highness  the  Princess  Augusta,  and  his  late  Eoyal  High- 
ness Frederick  Prince  of  Wales;  and  attended  her  into  fingiaod. 
In  1737,  he  was  appointed  Govemor.and  Captittn  general  of  New 
York>  bat  reigned  Jhe^aime  in  Scf^mbec  foUpwing,  ^  his.  btipg 


10  VBJBLkBK  OrtSOLMHIk 

gcnenl »  iod^  ia  1743,  attaoded  hit  laie  iM^Qr  in  hk  etmptf  git 
ia  Gemiioy,  and  wai.  with  him  at  the  baitie  4Sf  Detf h)geo»  oft 
Jdne  37th,  N.  S.  On  April  5th,  I74d»  he  was  promoted  to  the 
•aok  of  Major'-geDerel  s  on  October  lOCh,  1747)  to  the  rank  Of 
Lientanant'-genenl,  and,  in  March,  1765,  to  that  of  €lenenl  of 
the  bone.  In  1747,  he  wm  made  Governor  of  lilbiirf  fort,  and, 
in  Jntie  1752,  i^^pointed  Governor  of  the  Itbnd  of  Goemi^, 

At  the  aeoessiaQ  of  the  present  King,  bit  L6rdthip  wai  ooMtw 
femed  in  all  his  military  offices,  as  well  as  his  seat  at  the  eennciU 
teaid)  and  was,  moreover,  created  Fise^uni  Ctoile/bptf  and  Easl 
to  hk  Waat.  by  patent,  dated  March  I8th,  I7tf  l.  His  Loidsbip 
was  also  Master  Forftttrr  of  the  bailiwic  of  Fritbam,  in  the  New 
Ibrast,  Hanta,  and  Fellow  of  the  Hojal  Society. 

His  Xxirdship  married,  to  his  first  wife,  ibe  Right  Hon.  the 
Lady  Charlotte  Maccartny,  daughter  to  Donagb  Earl  of  Ckn* 
baity,  by  Lady  Mary  Spencer,  aeeond  daughter  to  Robert  Batl  of 
Snnderland,  by  the  Lady  Anne  D^gby,  his  wile,  second  daughter 
to  George  Earl  of  Bristol  s  and  by  her,  who  died  on  Febroary  fth^ 
l7d4<*A,  bad  two  sons  and  three  daughtani. 

His  Lordship  took  to  his  eecond  wife,  Anne>  reliet  of  Geoi^ 
Lord  Abergavenny }  and  her  Ladyship  deceaied  in -July,  I74S, 
leaving  00  issue. 

«  Hia  Lordibii/B  ohiMren,  by  his  first  Lady,  w«ie^ 
-    1*  John,  his  ■noaessor. 

a.  The  Hon.  George  West)  who  was  bom  in  l}98,  on'MmK 
iry  a4tb,  17M,  married  Lady  Maty  dtey,  daugblsr  to  Hivrf» 
Barl  of  Stamlbid,  and  died  in  February  7th,  1776,  without  ismto. 

a«  Chariotte,  who  died  in  her  hilancy. 

4.  Lady  Henifetta  Cecilia,  bom  in  178O,  and  wedded^  <m  May* 
0th,  1763,  Lieotenant^-General  James  Johmtoo.    Atod, 

S  Lady  Diana,  bom  in  lysi,  married,  on  Moivember  gtb,  I740» 
to  Major-general  John  Clavering,  and  died  in  Mamb»  17AI. 

His  Lordship  died  Mnrdi  KSib,  1766,  and  wat  soeoeeded  by 
bis  eldest  son, 

JoHK,  sBcovD  EatL,  who  was  bom  in  1739  {  and,  cbnatng  k 
mUataffy  life»  rose  gradually  to  be  Lieutenant-colonel  of  kiifadici% 
th)op  of  Horse  guards,  from  wbeooe  be  was  lomovod  to  be  Colo* 
ftel  of  the  first  troop  of  6renadter*gnatds,  in  Novet|iber>  17^ 
On  MttdiSiat,  1706^  h#  wna^^MnMed  t«  beCapodft  Ml  Col^d 


AULDKAWAnL  V 


crf<ile ifcl  <wmi  lif  Iltiio  fittfdti  ifl  thai  updui  pf  Ht.iirtler»,  On 
Mncb  8thy  17^1,  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Majoivgeotnil; 
.  «»dl>  wl^^  0Olil>  >77^  was  promoted  to  the  nok  of  iieatennnt* 
genecal.  At  establishing  her  Majesty's  hoasehold,  in  SeptetotKtfr^ 
1761,  his  Lordship  was  nominated  Vioe-cbamberlain,  in  which 
attBdr  te  appear^  at  her  anptitl  And  coronation  prooessiQiu.  On 
December  5th,  1766,  hit  Lordship  was  appointed  Maaterof  the 
lione  ftf  iier  Majesty^  in  which  post  he  continoed  tiil  bit  death, 
miidi  Happened  at  fab  houie  in  Aadley  Sqaare;  London,  No- 
IretDhtr  21id^  i777}  and  his  remaiiis  were  interred  on  the  30ih 
t£  the  saaie  ibont^  in  the  ftmiJy  vadlt  at  St.  MBi9ret*s,  Weat- 
mmster. 

*  Hia'  Iwrd^p  waa  married,  on  August  ^tfa,  1756,  ta  Mary, 
daughter  of  lieutenant-general  Wynyard,  bjf  wfaoib  he  had  iasne 
MtaMs:  * 

1. '^P^UMMi'^U^ogtiiii,  third  Bad. 

2«  John-Richard,  foorib  Earl. 

3.  Tbomas-Hdles,  bom  September  27th,  i70o,  iie&  W7^ 

4.  George,  bom  DeeemberSlst,  1762,  died  1772. 

5.  AttgQstiis,  bom  1764,  tixed  yoang. 

0.  SeptiiDus-Hrnt]^,  bbm  November  1 1th,  176^,  died  October 
20th,  1793. 

7.  Amelia,  died  March  1770. 

8.  Lady  Georgina,  married,  November  23d,  1782,  Edward- 
Berey  Bulkeley,  Esq.  and  has  issae. 

9.  Frederick,  bom  1767,  married,  first,  April  7tfa,  1792,  Char- 
lotte, daughter  and  coheiress  of  Richard  Mitchell,  Esq.  of  Col* 
Inm  Court,  Berks,  who  died  179^*  leaving  one  son;  he  married, 
secondly,  Maria,  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Richard  Myddelton, 
Esq.  of  Chirk  Castle,  Denbighshire. 

K>.  Lady  Matilda,  bom  177^^/  married  Lieu.  Gen.  Henry  Wyn- 
yard. 

William  Augustus,  eldest  son,  succeeded  as  third  Earl. 
Be  was  bora  April  27th,  1 757,  and  had 'a  Commission  in  r  the 
Coldstream  Regiment  of  Foot  Goatds.  Dying  unmarried  in  Ja« 
nnary^  17^3,  he  was  succeeded  by  his  next  brother, 

JoHW  RicHAKo,  FOURTH  Earl,  bom  July  28lb,  1758,.  who 
married,  April  22d,  17^*  Catharine,  daughter  of  Henry  Lyell, 
Esq.  by  whom  he  had  issue, 

1.  Lady  Catherine-Geoigina,  bom,  August  29th,  1784. 

2.  Lady  Ghariotte,  bora  October  20th^  1790,  died  an  infant. 

3.  George^ohni  aon  and  heir. 


PEIRAOB  Of  ENfiyUkND. 


Hit  LoMdiip  dfed  July  28th,  1790»  aid^ww  mmwiiiW  hfim 
cnljr  900, 
GmoKds*JoHV|  praieDt  and  Fiira  Eamm,,  ban  Ooiabar  Mb, 

Tiiles.  WilUam  AngiMtas  West,  Eari  Delaware  Viioowt  Cut- 
tdope,  Lofd  Ddawarr,  and  Lord  West. 

OreaHims.  Baron  De  la  Warr,  by  writ  of  saoioioM  to  parlia- 
nent,  June  eth  (1204),  22  Edi^rd  L;  and  Baron  West,  Febm- 
arj  25th  (1341-2),  l6  Edward  lU.  i  Eari  De  la  Warr,  and  Vis- 
count Cantelnpe,  March  I8th,  \76l,  I  George  III* 

Amu*    Argent,  a  fess  dancettc  sable. 
-     Crest    In  a  ducal  coronet,  Or$  a  griffin's  head,  Aflire,  .can 
and  beak  of  the  first. 

Svpporters. .  On  the  dexter  side,  a  wolf  coward.  Argent*  col* 
lared.  Or;  on  the  sinister,  a  cockatrliee,  Or>  hiswingv  ditplaycd. 
Gules,  and  Or. 

Moiio,    JpuB  DB  MA  via. 

The  ancient  seats  at  Wherwell,  &c.  were  sold  generations  back. 
The  late  EarFs  seat  was  Boldre  Lodge,  in  the  New  Forest; 
was  only  a  Crown  lease,  and  expired  at  his  death. 


.C:  SABL  OF  UCDmiL 


PLEYDELI^BOUVERrE  EARL  OF  RADNOR. 

Tax  fint  of  thb  nrnK,*  who  Mttled  in  England,  was  Lao«»c* 
Dif  BouTBDxi,''  born  'Anno  1542,  at  Sainhin,'*  near  Lille,  In 
Randcra,  and  a  jotmger  aon  ef  Le  Sienr  Dn  Boaretiei,  of  the. 

*  Thit  ft^lj  («boH  nuw  ba  bees  TMiauilj  written  De  BsuTUit,  Dc  li 
Bvateric,  Dc*  Bmciin,  Dn  Bontric,  but  lincc  citihliihcil,  ij  act  of  puDi< 
■Mat,  BsaTrric),  ii  of  uiciuil  uil  bonounbk  atnction  in  the  Low  Cauntrici)* 
in  the  hisioriei  of  which  it  fn^ucailj  occuri. 

Bertnad  Dc  U  BavTcrie,  who,  in  i];6,  told  tht  citin  of  Herdlt,  dot  Mont- 
dUicr,  to  Lnrii  II,  Dnkc  of  BouiboB,  foi  40s  crawnt  of  goU,  H  (Ir  O1— ,  li 
Rcorded,  in  the  gcac«lo()r  of  the  houN  of  Hetno,'!'  to  hiTe  irarrled  lubcIU  <t« 
Mdmi,  Lutj  of  Viioe,  oeu  CrimmoDt,  in  Fludeii,  diuthtet  of  Hbibc),  Loid 
Aotuini  ind  EpiiMT,  uvl  of  Mugu«t  dt  Piijnign]'  (*idow  of  Robert  ie  Ni- 
niir,  Lordof  Banfoit  on  the  Heuie,  wn  of  John  of  Flinden,  Coiat  dc  Nibdi) 
Ud  hid  ioiw,  who,  in  n(hi  of  their  motber,  quartered  wub  dMtr  polontl  coat 
tOukt,  a  Bend  Vain),  the  imu  of  Melun  and  Wallincourt,  a*  appear*  br  ■  ma- 
aHawnt  ttill  Kmainioi,  at  Kcnln,  near  Boiiul,  in  Rainiull,  and  wklch  *r*t 

k  PniB  the  Viiicitlun  of  London,  K..  XIX.  p.  119,  in  the  Calie|e  af  Ara«> 

e  From  la  otigioal  piclnre  at  LoD|fard  Cutis. 

d  E  Regiairo  EccL  Willoaenllt  af  ud  Caoterbury. 

*  "  Im  JRhbAt  Ji  Jiwmr  nt  rmmm  puKK  fUnimri  liirln  ntrt  Ui  f/Oriirt 
A  Ctrnkaj,"  llitt.  de  Canbnj  et  da  Cambmii,  Toak  III.  p.  ]i;.  Edit. 
1664. 

'  f  ainafa*  it*  Pain  ft  do  Otmli  Ofiden  dc  Ic  Coarofl«,  Ten.V,  p.  ti>.  f. 
Cfnfabtia  de  la  Maiaon  dt  Melon.    Tropbeci  dc  Brabant,  par  ChrittophaT  iut* 

kcflt;  is  M.  Ton.  I.  f.  445. 

(  MeoMitc  poa'r  aervlr  1  I'htMairt  dc  France  ct  do  BDurfopit,  410.  Parii^ 
Oandooin  ft  Gteaft,  1719^  Tom.  II.  p.  100. ,  Ettt  dei  Offlckn  DoIMll^ucl  do 
PhiRppe,  dlt  lcBaii,I>BcdeBooitot*e.  ReccTcan  Ocnenci  (1460).  Tropb&i 
teSnbaat.  Supplcmtiit.  '  Tom.  I.  p;  30]- 


80-  FEUAOE'  OP.ffiOKiAND. 

Chattenu  des  Boayeries^  near  tho  same  plaos,  iitei»^  tlM-  Met 
branch  of  this  family  posicMcd  «  cggi^iderable  ^t^te.*  Having 
frequently  abient«4  htmiclf  from  mass,  h^  ^  t^M^y  hit  fitfaor^ 
he  suspected  hei  had  convaned  tOQ  netuch  vith  bb  |(eKtic  teoutsf 
and  that,  if  he  did  not  appear  tbere  tbe  next  9mdaj,  he  woold 
have  him  examined  by  the  Inqoiii^w^  l^m^ence,  thoRmghly 
terrified  with  the  i^matiQQ  of  fgch  a  pj^Qcednre,  fled  immediatd|y 
to  Frankfort  on  the  Mein;  ^  leating  hinnetf.at  the  gale  of 
a  person  who  k^  a  considerable  silk  iii«i|a&9tix/,  wu  asked 
by  him,  what  «QBanon  broughl:  hka  thithnr?  {iatiog  made  ao 
umple  and  satls&ctory  relation,  the  old  man  told  him,  he  likewise 
had  bosn  driven  thither  on  acoonAt  of  his  religion ;  that  be  oh* 
ierv^,  by  the  whiteness  of  his  hands,  he  had  not  been  used  to 
hardships :  therefore,  if  he  woold  live  with  him,  he  should  only 
kc«p  hit  account^  «q4  auponrise  hia  workm^:  In  that  aMipa 
be  behaved  so  4Mcr^y,.4od  agr^^bly  to  bis  patrol^,  that  he^ 
flaarried  him  to  Us  oiocq,  and  at  hif  deoMse  bequeathed  untobjun, 
his  whole  fortune.  Soon  after  which  having  no  hopes  of  return* 
ing  to  his  native  place,  on  aoooont  of  the  persecutions  which  still 
I9ged  against  the  Protestants,  he,  and  his  wife,  Barbara,  took  ad* 
Vantage  of  that  offer  which  the  generous  and  benevdent  policjr 

eiecti^d  t»  hii  daughter,  Jane  de  la  Bouverie  (wife  of  John  de  Hayoin,  Cupbearer 
tp  the  PaHphin),  who  died  ia  1479.— Robert  De  la  BouTcrie,'  in  1460,  was  one 
«f  the  domettici  of  Philip  Dalce  of  Burgundy,  surnaned  tie  GW«|— John  De  la 
Hovverie  was  Solicitor-General  to  Charles  Duke  of  Burgundy,  in  1469 1*  and  in 
%  fiial^  repitiendog  the  holding  of  a  Parliament  by  the  said  Charles  Duke  of 
BavgHndy,  in  147 1  and  1475*  J*  Bouveiie  appears  in  the  rank  of  President.f' 
Ha  U  agsin  (besides  on  snany  other  occasions),  mentioned  u  Chief  of  the  couojpil 
^Mary,  daughter  of  Charles  Duke  of  Burgundy,  aforesaid,  in  17464  In  148 1| 
and  14JBI9  the  said  John  de  la  Bouverie,  X<ord  of  Bierbeque  and  Wie're,  wst  qne 
of  the  Ambassadors  of  Maximilian,  Duke  of  Austris,  in  the  treaty  between  hiin 
and  Lewis  XI.  of  France  t|  and,  in  14919  we  find  him  Chan^Uor  of  Brabant.^ 
Re  bote  for  arms,  as  aforesaid,  Oules,  a  Bend,  Vaire.** 

e  Ex  Autog.  penes  pr«hon*  Ooahtm  de  Radinm 


*  Titres  originaux  de  Archleves  dec.  Pierre  d*Aiie,  en  Flandres. 
t  MofimDsns  dt  la  Monarchic  Francoiic,  par  If  P*  dn  Mo9tfat|coa»  Tof(i.  Iti 

X  Tropbees  de  Brabant,  Supplement,  Tom.  I.  p«  46,    ^tat  d^  Oflicifi9,D»; 
«sati^Me«  de  Marie,  fO^e  de  Charles  Due  de  ffouigpgiiet  1^47^. 

H  Mcnoires  deC<uDines,  Edit,  de  i;;43,  Tom.  V.  p.  a^g,  %ji, 
.  .  ^  Tfoph^ss  de  Brabant,  fol.  Tom.  ^.  p.  3^4, 

•*  Vid.  Certificate  from  the  Henld'fs  Qftcc  of  gry mjn,  catettd  fn  tbcCofl^ 
of  Arms»  London. 


•Am  or  luoiNDi;  a. 

of  Ctomdi  BKtftbtth  Md  <mt,  cf  a  mA  myhckm  io  tkU  ktngdoHir 
aal  CQcnliig  over  to  Bngfamd  lettled  at  Cm^ttrhwry,^  where  laa- 
4a4  htA  cbarged,  in  1569,  to  the  (loori-rate  of  the  Walloon 
dimdi.  Och'VB  of  bb  family  either  attemded  him  to  Eaglaoi; 
or  followed  him  thither :  for  we  find  Saaan^  the  oiilj  child  of  hia 
bracher  John,  married  >  Simon  Oadart,  of  Sandwich,  in  Kept| 
and  James,  the  son  of  another  brother,  Anthony,  was  resident  wt 

Sandwich  aboat  the  year  lGOQ>  and  ^  by    Warde,  of  Not- 

tiasham^  left  tsme  two  sons,  and  two  davghten. 

The  said  Laarence,  by  his  said  *  wife,  Barbara,  whose  maidcft 
oaae  was  Vatiekli  Hare,  had  isane  fire  sons  and  ihrvte  danghten,^ 
m. 

].  Bdward,  of  whom^  and  bi«  posterity,  wt  aball  treat alkap^ 
wards. 

d.  Jaeob,  MioistBT  of  Hilleghoro,  ta  Holland,  who  marriai' 
Catharine,  daiigfiter  of  John  LetUeuUier;  but  had  no  issue. 

3.  Valentine,  who  died  nnmanried. 

4.  Samuel;  and,   9*  Jameii   who  both  married^  and  had 


d.  Lea,  tibe  wifo  of  Peter  de  la  Forterie,  of  London;  0.  Eli- 
sabeth, married  to  Eliaa  Maorojis,  in  1^04;  and,  7*  J*a0>  ^' 
Thomas  de  b  Tombe,  of  London,  in  l&M. 

He  married,  seeoodly,  Catharine,  daughter  of  »— »  Vipefatfti 
hat  by  her  had  no  issae. 

EowAAB  Des  Boiiveriesy  the  eldest  son,  died  in  1.62^ ;  haviof 
narriad  at  Cologne,^  Mary,  daughter  of  Ja^er  de  FaornestraU, 
by  Mary  Tibeilcin,'*  whose  fother  was  burnt  in  Gernwoy  for  thar 
Protestant  religion,  bdng  drawn  to  the  place  of  «xeontioiD  fay  hb 
own  coach-horses. 

He  had  by  her  one  son,  Edward  Dm  Bonverie;"  and  three 
>ianghten,  ra.  Mary^  the  wift  of  Abraham  De  L*£au,  of  Lon- 
don, merchant;  Eliaabeth,  of  James  Gougb»  of  l^ndon;  and 
Jane,  of  Nicholas  Adye^  of  Down  Court,  near  Doddington,  in 
Kent,  Esqrs. 

His  only  sop,  the  wd  SimiJU»  Oca  BouTeriej^  was  bom  in 


'  TIm  fafluly  at  this  pUce,  Khe  Daai«iMi  vtticr  protetcaat  ftfufeeS,  MLtmtA 
dM  Qccupatian  of  rilk  weivcsi* 

S  £«  Aqtoa*  feaet  pmboBn  Conittm  4e  RMaor. 

^  £  Re|iitio  Ecdeifae  dc  Attitin  Frjan,  Ltnd. 

t  Ex  Stta.  ptou  Pet.  Delink  Am*  ^  Visit  London  pnedtet. 

1  iUd.  «  Ss  ABCPf.  ut  anCM.  •  Visit.  Uadoe  PHSdict 


M  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Ifavember,  l62l ;  aod,  beroj^  ao  emiocin  THirkef  meitlMiit,  ac« 
^piired  a  very  ample  fortune.  lie  was  kn^jhted  by  King  James  II. 
fod  di«*d  ST  bis  seat  at  Chesbtint^  in  iiotfordshtre^  April  2Ap 
1004 ;  having  married  Anne/  daqgbter  and  coheir  (with  Jane, 
wife  of  Sir  John  Holman,  Bart.)  of  Jacob  de  la  Forierie^  of  Lon- 
don,  mefcbant;  hj  whom  be  bad  seven  sons,  and  fiwr  daughters i^ 

-  1.  William,  of  whom  afterwards. 

2.  Edward,  who  died  yonng,'  at  Caen,  in  Nonnandf,  Deeem- 
bsr  iOth,  1673. 

8k  Jacob,  bom  in  1659,  who  was  seated  at  Folkesiame,  in  Kent, 
and  served  in  Parliament  for  the  town  and  port  of  Hjthe,*  in  the' 
third  and  fourth  Parliaments  of  King  William,  and  ^  last  of 
Gbieen  Anne :  but  died  unmarried,  leaving  his  estate  at  Fotke* 
stone  to  his  nephew,  Jacob,  who,  on  his  elevation  to  the  Peerage, 
as  will  be  afterwards  mentioned,  made  choice  of  that  title. 

4.  Peter,  who  also  died  onmarried,  on  January  24th,  l662« 
«  5.  Dnnid,  who  deceased  in  his  infancy,  April  29tb,  iGgg, 

6.  John,  who  died  a  bachelor,  August  l6th,  i6qq*    And, 

•7*  Christopher,  who  was  bom  in  167 1,  received  the  honour  of 
knighthood  from  Queen  Anne,  and  by  Elisabeth  his  wife,  daugh* 
ter,  and  at  length  sole  heir,  to  Ralph  Freeman,  of  Beachworth,  in 
Survey,  Esq.  grandson  to  Sir  Gooige  Freeman,  Knight  of  the 
Bath,  left,  at  his  death,  in  January,  1732»3,  two  sons  and  two' 
49ughters  rl..  Freeman,  who  died  young  in  1734;  and,  2.  John, 
who,  at  the  age  of  twenty-nine,  departing  this  life  on  September 
sub,  1750,  on  his  travels,  was  buried  at  Smyrad^  with  the  follow- 
ing inscription-  on  his  monument ; 

HO  SPITE  SI 

Qutcunque  Literarum  tenustiorum 

Aut  'Studils  ant  Pfttrocinio, 

Cultores  estis  idonei, 

Quicunqne  Virtutum  omnium, 

•  '     Quae  aut  publicaeUtilitati4nserviunt, 

Aut  VitSB  privatae  Decori  sunt  &  Omamento, 

Fautores  Probi : 

Hoic  Marmori  Adeste  t 

'  £t  grato  Animo  Mdmoriam  recolite  ' 


•  <  r 


f.  Vifit.  VmAo^  ut  aatea.  9  Ibid.  ^  Ibid. 

•  PartiancatSi^  Re|istcr. 


%ARL  Of  RADNOR.  33 

J0HANNI8  BOUVEfilE; 

Qci  BxOiqakti  ffluitrl 

Apud  Anglos  Famlfil, 

De  Repiiblic&>  de  EcdesiA  opdmi  merit^^ 

i^dei  Rcfoitnatfle, 

Cai  Notnen  dedisse 

Sibi  fait  Rei  avits  Difeptionttn  pati^ 

Animoso  Fietatis  Exemplo^  militante^ 

Fdidter  oriundiu, 

NobSitatem  qaam  a  majomin  VjttutibQS  accepeiat 

Suis  clariomn  reddidit. 

Is  etiim  erat. 

Qui  Bonorutn  et  Doctoram  omniam 

Leciymas  meretur. 

Si  quid  babcnt  Laude  digni, 

Artiam  degandssitnarum  Perida, 

Ab  omoi  Aficctatione  longissimd  alieDa, 

Malti£iria  Eraditio, 

Adeb  OstentationiB  expen,  adeb  recoodita, 

Ut  nilQs  Modestia 

(Nisi  Comitem  notissixnum  habuisset, 

Sommum  Anlmi  Candorem) 

InvidisB  fotsan  argueretor. 

Dignns  cert^  qui  P6sterfs  tradator. 

Si  quid  babent  Honesti, 

Amabilis  Morum  Simpiidtas, 

Amaroissimlk  Urbanitate  exomata, 

Prndentia  h  Calliditate  abborrenSj 

Fladdisstma  Indoles, 

Inconcnasa  Fortitudo, 

Probltas  Antiqua. 

Eximtis  Animi  Dotibtts 

I^gnitatem  contalit^  et  Gratiam  peculiarem, 

Mira  Cordpris  Venastas, 

Ut  in  lUo, 

Comitas,  BeneTolentia,  Fides, 

Non  Fiectoris  tanttim  Incolae, 

At  Front!  pal^m  insedisse, 

Intaeotibus  aspectabiles  viderentur. 

TOL.  T.  D 


34  PEERA6S  OF  ENGLAND. 

EuBOFA  pend  univeni  aem^l  peragrat4 

In  Patriam  regressas 

Non  vitia«  aut  loeptias, 

(Claod  qaorundam  est  Pcregrinantium) 

Sed  LiDguas,  sed  Artes, 

Sed  quloquid  erat  Moriim  liberaliam, 

Secum  advexit, 

Jacandissimb  iKditiorum  Antiquatain  Studiis, 

Pnscipu^  Deditus 

Numismata,  Gemtnas,  &  rariora  id  Greous  KftfiijXiA 

Pretiosas  veteris  Italiae  Reliquiaa, 

Sumpta  amploj  sed  ladido  pari^ 

IngeDii  elegantissimi  futura  Oblectameota, 

Sedulb  coQiparant. 

Eheu!  fatale  Mentis  ornandae  Studium! 

Qaod  flentes^  nmbl  collaadare  cogimur. 

His  enim  intentus^ 

Quilm  in  Asiam  trajecisset, 

Graecis  eti^m  &  ^gypti  Eruditionom  Gazas^ 

Romanis  addlturaSj 

Morbo  repentino  oorreptus. 

In  ipso  Itinere, 

(Froh!  SpesHominum  fragiles!  ProbI  Nostras  Delicias  breves!) 

£  Vit&  excessit. 

He  dying  UDmarried^  the  estate  of  this  branch  of  the  fitmily 
devolved  upon  the  two  daughters;  Anne,  who  died  April  ist, 
1757,  the  wife  of  John  Hervey^  also  of  Beach  worthy  Esq.  one 
of  the  King's  Justices  itinerant  in  Wales^  and  a  descendant  of 
the  Herveys  of  Thirley/  in  Bedfordshire^  ancestor  to  the  Earl  of 
Bristol  i  and  Elizabeth,  who  obtained  the  seat  at  Teston>  near 
Maidstone^  which  she  devised  at  her  death  to  Sir  Charles  Mid- 
dleton>  now  Lord  Barham. 

The  four  daughters  of  Sir  Edward  Des  Bouverie  were,  1,  Jane, 
married  to  John  De  VEau,  of  London,  merchant.  2.  Anne, 
wedded  to  Sir  Philip  Botcler,  of  Teston,  in  the  county  of  Kent^ 
Baronet.  3.  Mary«  And,  4.  Elizabeth;  who  both  died  un- 
married. 

William,  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Edward  Des  Bouverie,  Knt. 
was  created  a  Baronet  on  February  19th,  1713-14;  and,  being 

t  They  were  an  tllegitiinate  branch.  For  a  ion  of  tbit  marriage,  see  a  ktter 
of  Lady  M,  W.  Montagu,  aoth  September,  1754. 


EARL  OP  RADNOR.  .    35 

# 

Iskewlie  a  veiy  eminent  Turkey  merchant^  added  greatly  t6  his 
paternal  fortune.  He  married^  first,  Mary,  daughter  of  James 
Edwards,  of  London,  Esq.  and  by  her  had  a  son,  Edward,  who 
died  young.  His  second  wife  was  Anne,  daughter  and  sole  heir 
oi  David  Urry,  of  London,  Esq.  "  son  of  John  Urry,  of  Millplace^ 
in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  and  by  her  had  several  children ;  whereof 
the  following  only  survived  him,  viz. 

1 .  Sir  Edward,  his  successor. 

3.  Jacob,  successor  to  his  brother. 

3.  Christopher,  who  died  August  29th,  1719^  unmarried. 

4.  Jane,  who  was  wedded  to  John  Allen- Pusey,  of  Pusey,  In 
the  county  of  Berk9,  E  q.  died  on  January  10th,  1/42,  fiod  was 
buried  at  Pusey.     And 

5.  Anne,  who  died  unmarried,  in  \^^\y  and  was  buried  at  St. 
Catharine's  Cree-church. 

Sir  William  died  on  May  19th,  17 179  and  was  interred  in  tho 
south  isle  of  the  church  of  St.  Catharine  Cree,  London,  where  a 
while  merUe  monument,  affixed  to  one  of  the  {miliars,  bearing 
the  arms  of  Bouverie,  and  thereon  an  escutcheon  of  pretence,  of 
the  urns  of  Urry,  has  the  following  inscription : 

Near  this  place  lies 

Interred,  in  a  private  vault,  the  body  of 

Sir  William  Des  Bouverie, 

Bart,  deceased,  the  1 9th  day  of 

May  1717.     Aged  60. 

His  Lady  died,  at  Chelsea,  on  June  5th,  1 739;  and  was  inter- 
red in  St.  Catherine  Cree-cburch. 

Sir  Edwabo  Dbs  Bouverie,  Baronet,  eldest  son  and  successor 
to  his  father  in  dignity  and  estate,  was  one  of  the  representatives 
for  Shaftesbury,  in  bdrsctshire,*  in  the  two  Pariiaments  of  King 
George  I.  and  also  in  the  first  of  George  II.  He  married  Mary, 
yooDgest  daughter  and  coheir  (with  Anne,  mother  of  the  late  Mar- 
quis of  Clanrickard)  of  John  Smith,  of  London,  Esq.  but  had 
DO  issue  by  her  Ladyship ;  who  departed  this  life  in  1721,  and 
was  buried  at  Britford,  near  Salisbury,  in  Wiltshire.  Sir  Edward 
survived  her  until  November  2 1st,  1736,  when  dying,  at  Aix  in 
France,  his  body  was  brought  to  Englnnd,  and  deposited  near 
that  of  his  Lady. 

V  £x  Rot.  in  Offic.  Camer;  tondon. 
»  PtfliaojeAtary  Register.  • 


36  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

He  was  nicoceded  in  dignity  and  estate  by  U^  ptdj  farjvJrijRg 
brother^  Jacob,*  afterwards  created  Visconnt  Folkestone* 

The  said  Jacob,  first  Viscount  Folkbstqvb,  senrpt)  fivT 
the  city  of  New  Sarum/  in  the  ninth  Parliament  of  Gr^t  Bri- 
tain ;  and  his  late  Majesty  was  pleased  to  advapce  hin^  to  Ao 
dignities  of  a  Baron,  and  Viscount,  of  the  kindom  of  Great  |(ri- 
tain,  by  the  names,  styles,  and  titles  of  Lokd  Longfqiid,  Barom 
of  Longford,  in  the  county  of  WiltSt  and  Viscount  FoLipir 
STONB,  of  Folkestone^  in  the  county  of  Kent,  by  letters  patent^ 
dated  June  29th,  1747-  His  Lordship  was  Rpcorder  of  {few  8a« 
rum  aforesaid;  and  having  been  a  principal  promoter  of  the 
Society  for  the  Encouragement  of  Arts,  Manufactures,  and  Com- 
merce, he  was  chosen  President  thereof,  at  the  first  institutioOj^ 
in  17^3,  and  was  continued  so,  by  annual  Section,  daring  bU 
life. 

His  Lordship  was  twice  married  j  first,  to  Maiy,  daughter,  and 
aole  heir  of  Bartholomew  Clarke*  of  Hardingstone,  in  the  county 
of  Northampton,  Esq*  by  Mary,  sister  and  sole  heir  to  Hitcl| 
Young,  of  Roehampton,  in  Surr^. 

And,  secondly,  in  May,  1741,  tp  Elizabetb  Marshaiq,  which 
Lady  died  25tb  September,  ]  782,  at  South-Warmborough,  Hants,, 
eldest  daughter  of  Robert  Lord  Romney,  and  sistei:  to  the  late 
Lord  Romney. 

By  the  first  Lady,  who  departed  this  life  on  November  l6th, 
1739#  and  was  buried  at  Britford,  he  was  father  of  seveiai  chil* 
dren,  who  died  young,  besides  two  sons  and  four  daughters,  who 
survived  him;  viz. 

1 .  William,  late  Earl  of  Radnor. 

2.  The  Honourable  Edward  Bouverie,  bom  September  5th, 
1738,  who  is  seated  at  Hardingstone  &  de  la  Pr^  Abbey,  neac 
Northampton,  and  was  returned  at  the  general  elections  in  lyCl^ 
and  1768,  one  of  the  citizens  for  New  Sarum,  and  for  North* 
ampton,  1790,  1796,  1802,  180(5,  I8O7.  He  marri^,  June 
30th,  1764,  Harriet,  only  daughter  of  Sir  Everard  Fawkener,  Knt. 
many  years  Ambassador  at  the  Porte,  by  whom  he  has  issue^ 
1.  Ed>irard^  bom  1768,  married  1788,  the  only  daughter  and 

heir  of Castle,  Esq.  a  great  Stationer  and  Banker,  in  Lcm* 

don,  by  whom  he  has  Everard,  Charles,  Francis,  Catharine,  and 
Elizabeth.  2.  Harriet,  born  1771,  parried  James,  Earl  of  Ross* 
lyn.     3.  Frances,  bom  1773.     4.  Maiy,  bom  1775,  married^ 

>  He  wa$  a  Merchant  in  London. 
X.  Succession  of  Parliuienti. 


'\1 


EARL  OF  RADNOR.  3; 

« 

Aagoit  I806,  William  Maxwell,  of  Caridden^  in  North  Britab^ 
tuq.  5,  John,  bom  177^»  6*  Jahe>  bom  1780,  married,  Ja- 
ntiarjr  18lh,  1802,  the  late  Sir  Francis  Vincent,  Bart,  who  died 
December  1806.  f,  Henry-Frederick,  born  1788.  8.  Diana, 
bofm  1789. 

3.  Anne,  married^  on  January  24tb,  17^1^  to  the  Honourable 
itnd  Reverend  George  Talbot,  D.D.  son  to  William  Lord  Talbot, 
Lord  High  Chancellor  of  Great  Britain  5  and  had  issue. 

4.  Maiy,  wedded  on  March  20th,  1759,  to  Anthony- Ashley, 
late  Earl  of  Shaftesbury ;  and  died  1804. 

5.  Charlotte,  bom  November  llth,  1732,  married,  June  30th, 
1788,  John  Grant,  Esq.  Banker  in  Bond-street,  and  of  White 
Waltham,  Berks.     And 

Harriot,  bora  October  17th>  1736,  married,  in  June,  1775,  to 
Sir  James  Tilney  Long,  of  Draycot,  in  Wiltshire,  Bart,  and  died 
on  November  12th,  1777,  without  issue. 

Jacob  Viscount  Folkestone,  by  his  second  Lady,  had  two  sons  -, 
m. 

Jacob,  who  cBed  at  the  age  of  two  years  and  eight  months,  and 
was  buried  at  Brit  ford.    And, 

Philip,  who  was  born  on  October  8th,  1746,  and  has  taken 
the  name  of  Pusey ;  and  married,  August  2 1st,  1798,  Lady  Lucy 
Cave,  widow  of  Sir  Thomas  Cave,  Bart,  and  daughter  of  the 
third  Earl  of  Harborough. 

His  Lordship  departing  this  life  on  Febraary  17th,  1761,  had 
aepolture  at  firitford  aforesaid;  and  was  succeeded  in  his  honours 
and  estate  by  his  eldest  son, 

WiLLrAM,  FIRST  Earl  OF  RADNOR,  who  was  bom  on  Fe- 
bruary 26th,  1725,  and  elected  for  the  city  of  New  Sarum,  17^7$ 
for  which  city  he  was  also  returned  to  the  ensuing  Parliament. 
Af^r  his  accession  to  the  Peerage,  he  was  unanimously  chosen 
Recorder  of  New  Sarum,  in  the  room  of  his  father,  and  sworn 
into  that  office  on  August  12th,  1761,  By  letters  patent,  bearing 
date  October  29th,  1765,  he  was  created  Earl  of  Radnor,  and 
Baron  Pleydell'Bouverie,  ofColesfuU,  in  Berkshire,  with  remain^ 
der  of  the  Earldom,  in  failure  of  issue  male,  to  the  male  issue  of 
his  father,  Jacob  Fiscaunt  Folkestone,  His  Lordship  was,  for 
several  years  (to  the  time  of  his  death).  Governor,  by  annual 
election,  of  the  Levant  or  Turkey  Company,  and  Governor  of  the 
Hospital  for  French  Protestants  and  their  descendants,  and  was  a 
Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society. 

On  January  ISth^  1747-8^  he  married  to  his  first  wife,  Harriot, 


88  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

only  child  of  Sir  Mark  Stuart  Pleydell/  of  ColeshiU,  in  Berkshire^ 
Baronet,  by  his  wife,  Mary,  daughter  and  sole  heir  of  Robert 
Stuart,  son  of  John  Stuart,  of  Ascog,  in  the  Isle  of  Bute,  Esqrs* 
descended^  from  Sir  John  Stuart,  Knt.   hereditary  Sheriff  and 
Steward  of  that  island  (being  so  created  by  his  father,  Robert  II« 
King  of  Scotland),  and  ancestor  to  the  present  Marquis  of  Bute. 
By  this  Lady,  who  died  on  May  29th,  17^0,  and  was  buried 
hi  the  family  vault  at  Bridford,  his  Lordship  had  issue  one  son^ 
the  present  Earl  of  Radnor.  To  her  memory,  an  elegant  honorary 
monumeot,  or  cenotafTh,*  is  erected,  in  the  parish  church  of 
ColeshiU^  in  Berkshire. 

s  Sir  Mark  Stuart  Pleydeli  was  lineaUy  descended  from  Wiiliam  PleydeU,  of 
the  same  place,  in  the  reign  of  King  Edward  IV.  and  by  the  marriage  of  his 
grandfather  with  Mary,  daughter,  and  at  length  sole  heir  of  Sir  George  Pratt, 
Bart,  was  a  representative  and  coheik*  of  the  several  families  of  Forster  and  Dela^ 
mere,  of  Aldemuston,  in  Berki ;  Popham,  of  Somersetshire ;  St^  Martin,  of 
Wiluhire ;  Barrett,  of  Avely,  in  Essex }  ind  of  the  elder  branch  of  the  Her- 
berts, ancient  Earls  of  Pembroke,  and  the  late  Earl  of  Powis,  and  several  othea 
famitiea  of  antiquity  and  disiUnction  $  and  dying,  October,  1768,  bequeathed  his 
estate  to  his  grandson,  Jacob,  now  Earl  of  Radnor  j  and,  in  failure  of  his  issue 
male,  to  the  issue  male  of  William,  then  Earl  of  Radnor;  and,  in  failure  of  his 
iitae  male,  to  the  issue  male  of  Jacob,  late  Viscount  Folkestone ;  directing  each 
person  so  enjoying  the  same,  to  use  and  bear  the  surname  of  PteydtU'SMntrif, 

*  It  his  the  folJovnng  inscription : 

Sacred 

to  the  most  endeared  memory  of 

iThe    Hon.    Harriot   Bouverib, 

Daughter  and  only  child  of 

Sir  Mark  Stuart  Plevdell,  Bart. 

By  Mart  his  Wife. 

In  Person,  Manner,  Dispositioni 

And  uncommon  Understanding, 

Most  amiable. 

In  Gentleness,  Candour,  and  Humility ; 

In  Prudence,  Sincerity,  and  Beneficence; 

In  substantial  and  uniform  Piety, 

Most  exemplary. 

The  accomplished  Woman» 

The  universal  Friend, 

The  real  Christian. 

As  a  Daughter,  she  was  obedient, 

She  was  affectionate. 
As  a  Parent  (short  aUs Jier  Trial!) 
Tender,  solicitovt. 


EARL  OF  RADNOR.  39 

.  His  Lordship  married,  secondly,  on  September  5\b,  1751,  Re« 
becca>  dangiiter  of  John  Alle3me,  of  Barbadoes,  Esq.  and  sister 
of  Sir  John  Qsy  AUeyne,  Bart,  by  Mary,  only  child,  by  the  first 
marriage,  of  William  Tlrrill,  Esq.  (which  Mary,  and  Lady  Pley- 
dell,  mother  of  his  Lordship's  first  Lady^  were  coasin-germans, 
thdr  mothers  being  sisters  and  co-heiresses).  The  said  Rebecca, 
Viscoontess  Folkestone,  who  was  a  Lady  nnifbjmly  good  in  all 
the  offices  of  life>  and  in  all  the  rektions  of  it  perfectly  amiable, 
departed  this  life  on  May  4th,  17^4,  and  was  buried  at  Britford. 
His  Lordship  had  issue,  by  her,  four  sons,  viz. 

l..The  Hod.  William-Henry  Bouverie,  who  was  bom  on  Oc- 
tober 30th>  1752,  and  married,  August  14th,  1777,  to  Lady 
Bridget  Douglas,  daughter  of  James  Earl  of  Morton,  by  whom 
he  had^  1.  William  John,  bom  November  23d,  1778,  died 
March  1st,  1791.  2.  Elizabeth,  bora  October  Ist,  178O.  3. 
Charles  Henry,  in  the  army.  4.  Marip,  bom  March  ist,  1786. 
5.  Emma.  He  formerly  represented  New-Sarum,  and  Downton 
in  parliament,  and  died  August  23d,  I8O6. 

3.  The  Hon.  Bartholomew  Bouverie,  born  October  29tb,  1753, 
and  married,  March  9th,  1 779,  Mary  Wyndham,  daughter  of 
James  Everaid  Arandel,  and  sister  to  the  present  Lord  Arandel, 
of  Wardour,  by  whom  he  has  had,  1.  Anna  Maria,  born  Decem- 
ber 9th,  1779;  died  April  17th,  1790.  2.  Henry  James,  born 
April  17th,  178I.  3.  Edward.  4.  Charlotte.  5.  Harriet.'  6. 
Wyndham.  He  was  formerly  M.  P.  for  Downton;  and  is  one  of 
the  Conmiissioners  for  auditing  the  Public  Accounts. 

3.  Hon.  Young  Bouverie,  bora  April  l6th,  1 759,  died  an  in^ 

iant. 

4.  The  Hon.  Edward  Bouverie,  bom  September  20th,  1760, 
iMBried,  first.  May  24th,  1782,  Lady  Catharina  Murray,  daughter 

The  Ornament  of  her  own  Family, 

The  Admiration  ef  that  into  which  she  married, 

Lorifls  *i^  beloved  with  entire  unvaried  Affection, 

An  honour  to  the  Marriage  State, 

She  blessed  an  hosband  who  can  never  enough  lament 

The  loss  of  10  incomparable  a  wife. 

Conjugi  carissimc  de  se  optime  meritae  U  merent! 

GvLiELMVsBouvE&ii  ptahonorabills  Viri  Vicecomitis 

FoLKtSTOlTB, 

Filiot  natu  maiimua,  infeficiter  supentes, 

Cum  lacrymia  posuit. 

BkitfordIJI  comi.  Wilton  in  scpulchro  luis  sacro 

Dtpotiti  sunt  Cineret. 


1 


40  PEKRAGE  OP  SNGLAND. 

oCtbe  praMfttEaiil  of  Dunmore}  and  by  herj  wbe  dkd  Jvlf  7tb, 
Ji783,  bad  iflme  George  Edward,  bom  Fcbnuiy  1  lib,  1:783^  aad 
diod  io  July  1 784.  He  umrM,  secoDdly,  Dcoomher  20lfaw  l78fi» 
MiM  Ogl^  «econd  daughter  of  AdmiRiL  Sir  GbiloBer  Qg^i  and 
by.  b<v  has  George  Auguatni,  born  1786k 

Alao  two  daughters ;  Mary-Haniot,  and  HaniotoMaiy»  wlio 
i^erc  bom  twins*  on  June  lKnh>  1755,  and  died  mfanU,  besides 
apreral  other  children,  still-bom. 

His  Lordship  wedded,  thirdly,  on  July  22d,  17^5,  Anne;,  reMd 
of  Anthony  Duncombe,  Lord  Fevarshaop,  Baron  of  Downton,  in 
the  coDnty  of  Wilts,  and  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Hales,  of  How- 
lets,  in  Beakesbouroe,  in  Kent,  Bart,  by  whom  he  had  issne  two 
daughters  3  Mary-Elizabeth,  and  Caroline,  who  both  died  yooi^. 

His  Lordship  departed  this  life,  January  28tb,  1776,  and  waa 
succeeded  by  his  eldest  son, 

Jacob«  the  present  and  sbcond  Earl  of  Radsor,  who  way 
t^om  March  13tb,  17^«  At  his  accession  to  the  Peerage,  he  was 
representative  in  Parliament  (having  been  twice  retoraed),  £or 
New  Sarum  (in  which  seat  he  was  succeeded  by  liis  brother,  Wil- 
liam-Henry). His  Lordship  is  now  Recorder  of  the  same  dty; 
and  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Custos  Rotnlorum  of  Becksbiie;  ako. 
it.  A.  F.R.andA,S. 

On  January  24th,  1777,  his  Lordship  married  Anne,  youngest 
daughter  and  coheir  of  the  above-mentioned  Anthony  Loed  Fever* 
abam,  and  has  had  issne 

1.  Lady  Mary- Anne,  bom  AprU  23d,  1778,  died  October  5tb, 
1790 

2.  William,  Viscount  Folkestone,  M.  P.  for  New  Sarara,  born 
May  11  til,  1779>  married,  October  2d,  1800,  Lady  Catharine 
Kelbam  Clinton,  only  child  of  Henry  Earl  of  Lineoln,  eldest  soa 
of  Henry  Duke  of  Newcastle,  and  by  her,  who  died  May  17tb, 
1804,  had  a  daughter,  bom  May  2d,  1804. 

3.  Duncombe  Heydell,  born  June  28th,  lyso,  a  Captain  in  the 
Navy. 

4.  Lawrence,  bora  August  6\h,  1761,  a  Captain  in  the  Wilts 
Militia. 

5.  Lady  Harriet,  bom  September  2d,  1782,  died  December 
31st,  1794. 

6.  Lady  Barban?,  bora  October  17th,  1783,  died  June  26ih 
179B. 

7.  Frederick,  born  November  l6th,  1785. 

8.  Philip,  bom  October  2l6t,  J  786. 


EARL  OF  RADNOR.  41 

Titles,  Jacob  PlcydeU-Bonveric,  Earl  of  Radnor,  Viscount 
Folkestone,  ia  •  Koot ;  Lord  Longford,  Baron  of  Lobgford,  in 
Wiltshire;  Baron  lieydell-Bottyerie,  of  Coleshill,  in  the  county  of 
Berks,  and  Baronet. 

Creations,  Baronet,  on  February  19th,  1713-14,  12  Queen 
Anne;  Lord  ..Longford,  Baron  of  Longford,  in  Wiltshire;  Vis- 
coont  Folkestone,  of  Folkestone,  in  the  county  of  Kent,  on  June 
29th,  1747,  21  George  II.  j  Baron  Pleydell-Bouverie,  of  Coles- 
hill,  in  Berkshire,  and  Earl  of  Radnor,  on  October  2dth,  1765, 
5  George  III. 

Arms.  Quarterly,  1st  and  4th,  per  Fess,  Or,  and  Argent,  a 
spread  eagle.  Sable,  charged  on  the  breast  with  an  escutcheon. 
Gules,  a  Bend  Vaire,  for  Bouverie ;  2d  and  3d,  Argent,  a  Bend^ 
Gules,  Gottee  des  larmes  between  two  Cornish  daws,  proper,  a 
chief  cheque.  Or,  and  Sable,  for  Pleydell. 

CresL  On  a  wreath,  a  demi- eagle,  displayed,  with  two  heads. 
Sable,  beaked,  and  ducally  gorged.  Or,  and  charged  on  the  brfea^t 
with  a  cross-crosslet.  Argent. 

Supporters,  On  eaeh  side,  an  eagle  regusrdant.  Sable,  gorged 
with  «  ducal  coronet,  Or,  and  charged  on  the  breast  with  a  crosd- 
crosslet.  Argent* 

MOUO*      PAT8IA  CARA,  CARIOR  LiBERTAS. 

Chief  Seats,  At  Longford-castle,  in  Wiltshire;  and  Coleshill- 
hoose^  near  Earriagdon,  Berks. 


P£ERAO£  O?  ENGLAND. 


SPENCER  EARL  S!>ENCER. 

The  andqnity  and  liutre  of  the  noble  family  of  Spencer,  appev 
evidently  in  the  pedigree  of  h'u  Grace  the  Duke  of  MarlbonM^. 
Vol.  L  of  tbis  work,  where  it  is  recited,  that  Cbarlbe  Spincm, 
third  Earl  of  Sunderland,  by  faii  second  Lady,  Anne,  dangbter 
and  coheir  of  John  Churchill,  Duke  of  Marlborough,  was  ftther 
of  four  aoiu ;  viz. 

1 .  Robert,  Lord  Spencer,  who  died  an  infant. 

2.  Robert,  third  Earl  of  Sunderland,  who  departed  this  life 
umnarried. 

3.  Charles,  fourth  Earl  of  Sunderland,  and  second  Doke  of 
Marlborough.     And, 

4.  The  Honourable  John  Spencer,  of  whom,  aod  his  descend- 
ants,  we  are  here  prindpally  to  treat. 

The  said  Hon.  John  Spencer  was  bom  on  May  I3tb,  XJtX  } 
and  after  an  education  at  home,  suitable  to  his  noble  birth,  ac- 
complished himself  further  by  visiting  foreign  countries.  Id 
January,  1731-2,  he  was  elected  member  of  Parliament  for  the 
borough  of  Woodstock,  in  the  county  of  Osford,  and  was  returned 
by  the  same  corporation  to  the  next  Parliament,  1734.  He  wai 
also  at  the  same  time  chosen  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  shire  ibr 
the  county  of  Bedford,  hut  took  his  seat  for  Woodstock,  for 
which  he  was  again  relumed  at  the  general  election  in  1741} 
as  he  was  also  in  December  1744;  having  vacated  his  seat  by 
accepting  the  offices  of  Ranger  and  Keeper  of  hb  Majesly'a 
Grrai-Park  at  Wind&or,  which  fell  to  bim  upon  the  death  of  fait 
grandmother,  Sarah  Dutchess  of  Marlboroogb,  and  wa»the  oolj 
place  be  was  allowed  to  accept  by  her  Grace's  will.  He  likewise, 
at  the  decease  of  her  Giace,  succeeded  to  a  very  great  estate^  as  is 


EARL  SPBNCER.  43 

fully  set  forth  in  her  said  wiU';  but  dcjpnxttd  this  Uh,  at  his  seat  at 
WimhledoD^  in  Surrey^  on  Jane  20th^  174^>  and  was  buried  at 
Althorpe»^  in  Northamptonshire :  his  death  was  justly  esteemed  ia 
natiooal  loss^  for  his  private  munificence^  and  his  steady  adherence 
to  the  iolerest  of  his  country,  having  constantly  concurred  in  the 
senate  with  those  who  endeavoured  to  promote  its  liberty  and 
wd£uc« 

On  February  l4th^  1733-4>  he  wedded  Lady  G«»rgina-Caro- 
lina,  third  daughter  of  John  Carteret^  late  Earl  Granville :  and 
by  her  Ladyship  (who,  on  May  1st  ,1750,  remarried  with  William 
late  Earl  Cowper,  and  died  August,  1780),  he  had  a  ^on, 

Jchn, first  Earl  Spencer}  and  a  daughter, 

Diana,  who  was  bom  in  May,  1735,  and  died  about  six  years 
old. 

His  only  son,  Johh,  first  Earl  Spbvcbrj  was  bom  on  De« 
cember  18th,  1734,  and  having  been  educated  under  tbe  best 
masters  at  home,  travelled  into  foreign  countries  for  his  further 
improveoient. 

In  December,  17^7>  he  was  dected  Member  for  the  town  of 
Warwick;  was  created  Viscount  Spencer,  and  Baron  Spencer, 
ofjilthorpe,  m  the  county  of  Ncrtliamptwn,  by  letters  patent,  bear- 
ing date  April  3d,  1761  j  and  was  advanced  to  the  dignity  of 
Earl  Spencer,  and  Viscount  AUhorpe^  by  letters  patent,  bearing 
date  November  1st,  1765.  His  Lordship  was  likewise  High 
Sfeewaid  of  St.  Albans,  and  one  of  the  Vice  Presidents  of  the  Bri- 
tish Lying-in  Hospital. 

Hb  Lordship  died  October  31st,  1783,  having  married,  on  De*^ 
cember  27th,  1755,  Margaret  Geoigiana,  eldest  daughter  of  Ste- 
phen Poyntz,  of  Midgeham,  in  the  county  of  Befks,  Esq.  by  whom 
he  had  issue  one  son, 

George-John,  now  Earl  Spencer  ^  and  four  daughters. 

2.  Lady  Geoi^ana,  born  June  9th,  1757,  and  married,  June 
^^»  ^77^9  to  William  Cavendish,  tb^  present  Duke  of  Devon* 
ahire ;  and  died  March  30th,  1806. 

3.  Lady  Henrietta-Frances,  bora  June  l6tfa,  1761,  married, 
in  November,  176O,  to  Viscount  Duncannon,  now  £ari  of  Bes- 
borough. 

4.  Lady  Charlotte,  bora  August  26th,  1765,  died  in  September, 
1766,  and  was  buried  at  Althorpe.    And, 

^  This  wu  the  paternal  seit  of  the  Sunderland  family,  which,  with  the  ao. 
cicttt  patrimony,  s;enu  to  have  been  allotted  to  the  younger  san  on  th^rir  acces-* 
to  the  Marlborovgh  eiuiet. 


U  PEERA6B  Ot  ESK^LAND. 

5.  Lady  Looisa,  born  A]>ril  4t&,  1/6^,  who  dxei  n  few  ixfi 
ifter,  and  wsi  baried  at  Althorpe. 

George-Jobn,  cmly  son.  succeed  bis  fafber^  as  sbcond  Eab& 
8pbnc£r.  He  was  bom  Sept.  Jst^  17^8;  was  educated^  first,  a€ 
Harmw  school^  where  he  bad  for  his  tutor  the  celebrated  Sir  W3- 
tfOOi  Jones ;  akid  afterwards  at  Cambridge.  While  a  Commoner, 
be  represented  Northamptonshire  in  Parliament. 

In  17d4>  be  was  appointed  First  Lord  of  the  Admiralty,  which 
be  hdd  till  1801 ;  and  in  1806,  was  appointed  Secretary  of  State 
foi  the  Home  Department^  which  he  hdd  only  a  year.  - 

His  Lordship  married,  March  6th^  1781 »  Lavinia  Bingfaann 
ddest  daughter  of  Charles  first  Earl  of  Lucan,  by  whom  he  hat 

bad  issue, 

1.  John-Charles,  Viscount  Althorpe^  M.  P.  for  the  county  of 
Northampton ;  and  a  Lord  of  the  Treasury,  1806. 

2*  Lady  Sarah,  bom  July  29th,  J787- 

3.  Ricbardi  bom  October  18tb,  1789,  died  January  20tb,  1791. 

4.  Bobert  Cavendish,  bom  October  24th,  1791,  a  Midqfaipman 
ea  board  Le  Hgre,  Captain  Hallowell. 

5.  Harriet,  bora  February,  1793>  died  in  the  foflowing  month, 

6.  Georgiana-Chadotte,  bcAn  August  13th^  1794. 

7.  Frederick,  bora  April,  1798. 

8.  A  soo^  born  December  21st,  1799. 

Titles.  John  Spencer,  Earl  Spencer,  Viscount  Althorpe^  Vis* 
count  Spencer,  and  Baron  Spencer,  of  Althorpe. 

Creations.    As  above-mentioned. 

Arms,  Cb^arteriy,  Argent,  and  Gules,  in  the  second  and  third 
qiuarters,  a  fret.  Or  3  over  all,  on  a  bend.  Sable,  three  escallop 
shells  of  the  first ;  a  crescent  for  difierence. 

Crest.  In  a  ducal  coronet.  Or ;  a  grifiSn's  bead.  Argent,  coU 
laned,  with  a  bar  gemell,  Gules,  between  two  wings  erect  of  the 
second. 

Supporters,  On  the  dexter  side,  a  griffin,  per  Fess«  ermine  and 
etminois :  on  the  sinister,  a  wyvern,  ermine :  each  gorged  with 
a  collar,  fieury,  counter  fleur>',  and  chained^  Sable;  the  collars 
charged  with  thpee  escallop  shells.  Or. 

Motto,      DiEU    DEFEND   LE    DroIT. 

Chief  Seats.  At  Althorpe,  in  Northamptonshire;  and  at  Wim- 
bledon, in  Surrey. 


I>ITr  EARL  OF  OIATHAM. 


PITT  EARL  OF  CHATHAM. 

0«  thii  family,  which  bai  been  long  seated  at  JUaodrard,  in  tlu 
CODDtj  of  Dorset,  as  wilt  appear  under  the  title  of  I^ord  Bivtn, 
wai  Thomas  Pitt,  Esq.  bom  in  (bat  town,  son  of  (he  Rev.  Jobs 
Kit,  Sector  of  Blandford,  co.  Dorset,  who  died  167%. 

He  was  by  Queen  Apne  appointed  goveraor  of  Fort  St,  Gvorgt,* 
in  |be  East  Indies,  where  he  many  yean  reiided,  and  there  pgr* 
chased,  for  the  mm  of  48/KIO  pagodas  (20,4001.  sterling),  tbat 
eitraordinarily  fine  diamond,  weighing  127  carats,  which  he  u^ 
to  the  King  of  Prance  for  135,0001.  sterling,  and  which  to  thia 
day  b  styled  Pilfa  diamond.^  lu  1715,  he  was  appointed  a  Com- 
mis^oncr  for  building  fifty  new  churches,  and  on  July  fith,  171^ 
coqstitated  governor  of  Jamaica ;  whereupon  bis  seat  tn  parU»r 
mcnt  for  Old  Sarum  bdng  vacated,  he  was  elected  for  Think,  in 
YorksEuFc.  He  repaired  and  beautified  the  church  of  Blaodfbrd 
St.  Moiy,  in  Dorsetshire  (ai  appears  by  an  ioscription  on  the  wall 
over  the  eotrance  of  the  able) ;  and  those  of  Stratford,  in  Wilt- 
fhire;  and  of  Abbotston,  in  Hampshire, 

■  "  On  the  iotb  Dfccmbcr,  1 709,  the  Dinctoii  af  tbe  Eul  India  CoinpinT 
tkow  Mr.  Goliton  Aadiioa,  ad  emineDt  Mercbuir,  Riiding  at  Fart  St.  George, 
GofenoT  and  Piciideul  at  that  place,  in  the  raom  of  TboD»s  Pitt,  Ewj.  wba,  il 
ksaid,  hudcurtd  leave  to  cams  bame."     Ctat.  Mag.  t7Er6i  p.  tSi. 

^  But  foi  1  more  paiticulir  dcKii^ition  of  thii  valuiUe  diamaDd,  wa  muit  te-  . 
fcr  tbe  nader  to  the  Muitani  Britanaieiiin,  p.  6g,  and  Hi{.  pubkihcd,  in  lyjt, 
ty  John  and  Andrew  Van  Rymadyki  and  for  the  eiact  Tepictetituion  of  it  in 
ill  different  siitet,  to  Tab.  mill,  of  the  lame  irak,  which  eifaibtti  a  great  va- 
attf  of  nuntal  cuiiosiiits  belonging  to  that  noble  ind  magnifictnt  cibinet,  the 
Brilitli  Muieiun.  See  alio  some  uconnt  of  It  in  Gent,  Hat.  VoLLVt.  p.  781. 
Tbe  diimand  waa  shipped  from  Fort  St.  Gvirge,  Ith  Uaicb,  i?!)!-!.  It  wit 
»U  (DtheDokcof  Oileant,  for  tlieFnDcliKiog,ebauti7i7.  It  wu  about  the 
•Ut  W  a  pi|eea*i  <■(• 


46  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND.  • 

He  married  Jane,  daaghter  of  James  Innis,  son  of  Adam  Inois, 
of  Rdd-ball^  m  the  shire  of  Mqnay,  in  Scotland  (grandson  of  Sir 
Bobert  Innis,  of  fnais,  in  the  said  conntj,  Bart.)>  hj  the  Lady 
Grisel  Steuart,  danghtet-  of  James  Lord  Dowd,  and  Eari  of  Mur* 
ray  (who  married  Margaret^  Coontess  of  Morrayy  daughter  and 
heir  of  James  Steuart,  Earl  of  Murray,  natural  son  of  James  V. 
King  of  Scotland,  and  base  brother  of  Qaeen  Mary),  and  had 
issue  by  her  (who  died  January  10th,  1727)9  three  sons  and  two 
daughters;  viz. 

1.  Robert  Pitt,  of  Boconnock,  in  Cornwall,  Esq.  of  whom 
hereafter. 

2.  Thomas,  who,  in  the  years  17^^»  1714,  and  1722,  was 
elected  to  parliament  for  the  borough  of  Wilton,  in  the  county  of 
Wilts,  was  a  Colonel  of  horse ;  aud  having  married  Lady  Frances, 
daughter  and  coheir  of  Robert  Ridgeway,  Earl  of  Londonderry, 
(whose  ancestor.  Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway,  in  the  reign  of  Queen 
Elizabeth,  was  sent  into  Ireland,  and  there  planted  the  first  Pro* 
testant  colony),  was,  by  privy*seal,  dated  at  St.  James*s,  May  4th, 
and  by  patent,  at  Dublm,  June  3d,  17l9f  created  Baron  of  Lon^ 
dondenj,  in  the  kingdom  of  Ireland ;  and,  in  the  year  17^6,  was 
further  advanced  to  the  titles  of  Viscount  of  Galen-IUdgeway,  and 
Earl  of  Londonderry,  in  the  said  kingdom^  by  privy-seal  dated  at 
Kensington,  September  7th,  and  by  patent  at  Dublin,  October 
8th  •    In  1727>  he  was  chosen  member  to  parliament  for  Old  Sa- 
rum ;  but  his  seat  was  vacated  on  his  being  constituted  Captain- 
general  and  Commander  in  Chief  of  his  Majesty's  Leeward  Islands 
in  America.     He  died  at  St.  Christopher*s,  on  September  12tb, 
172P,  aged  forty-one;  and  his  corpse  being  brought  over  to  Eng- 
land, was  interred  at  Blandford  St.  Mary*s,  in  Dorsetshire.     He 
had  issue  by  his  said  wife,  two  sons  and  one  daughter  j  Thomas 
and  Ridgeway,  successively  Earls  of  Londonderry,  who  both  died 
unmarried,  whereby  that  title  became  extinct ;  and  Lady  Lucy, 
wife  of  Pierce  Meyrick,  of  Bodorgan,  in  the  county  of  Anglesea, 
Esq. 

3.  John  Pitt,  Esq.  v/ho  served  in  the  British  PSarliament  for  the 
boroughs  of  Hindop,  Old  Sarum,  and  Caroelford,  and  was  a  Co- 
lonel in  the  first  regiment  of  Foot  guards,  and  Lieutenant-governor 
of  Bermudas.  He  married  Mary,  eldest  daughter  of  Thomas,  and 
sister  of  Thomas,  Viscount  Fauconberg,  and  died  on  February  gth, 

.  1744,  without  issue. 

4.  Lucy,  married  February  24th,  17 12,  to  James  Stanhope, 
Esq.  created  Earl  Stanhope  (mother  by  him  of  Philip  Earl  Stan- 


](AEL  OF  CHATHAM.  47 

bope)^  after  whose  death  she  had  a  graat  of  an  annuity  of  2^6001. 
on  the  Irish  establishment^  for  thirty-one  years,  dated  August  iGth, 
1/22;  and  deceasing  on  February  24thj  1723,  was  interred  by 
her  husband^  at  Chevening,  in  Kent. 

5.  Essex,  married  to  Charles  Cbolmondeley,  of  Vale*royal, 
in  the  county  of  Chester,  Esq. 

Their  father  departed  this  life  April  28th,  1726^  and  was  bu« 
Tied  at  Blandford  St.  Mary*8,  in  Dorsetshire. 

I  now  return  to  Bobbet  Pitt,  of  Beconnock,  Esq.  the  eldest 
aoD,  who  served  in  parliament,  in  the  year  1713,  for  the  borough 
of  Old  Sarum,  and  in  J  722  for  Oakharapton,  in  which  year  ho 
was  appointed  one  of  the  Clerks  of  the  Ghreen  Cloth  to  his  late 
MajesQr,  then  Prince  of  Wales;  snd  departing  this  life^  on  May 
20th,  1727^  was  buried  at  Blandford  St.  Mary's.  He  married 
Harriot,  sister  of  John  Villiers,  Earl  of  Grandison  (which  Lady 
died  at  Paris,  October  21st,  N.  S.  1736,  and  was  buried  at  Bland** 
ford  St.  Mary's),  and  by  her  had  issue  two  sons  and  five  daugh-^ 
ten;  viz. 

1.  Thomas  Pitt,  of  Booonnock,  m  Cornwall,  Esq.  who  waa 
Lord  Warden  of  the  Stannaries,  and  Steward  of  the  Dutchy,  ia 
Cornwall  and  Devon,  to  Frederick  late  Prince  of  Wales.  Ho 
was  member  in  four  Parliaments  for  Oakhampton,  and  in  three 
of  them  was  elected  also  for  Old  Sarum,  which  borough  he  repre- 
sented in  two  parliaments,  and,  dying  in  July,  176O,  was  buried 
at  Blandford  St.  Mary's.  He  married  Christian,  eldest  daughter 
of  Sir  7*hoaias  Lyttelton,  of  Hagley,  in  Worcestershire,  Bart,  and 
sister  of  Qeorge,  late  Lord  Lyttelton  (by  his  wife.  Christian,  sister 
of  Richard  Temple,  late  Lord  Viscount  Cobham)>  by  which 
Lady,  who  died  on  June  5 tb,  1/^0,  and  was  buried  at  Hagley, 
he  had  issue  two  daughters;  Amelia,  married  to  William  Spry, 
LL.D,;  and  Christian,  to  Thomas  Saunders,  Esq.  Governor  of  Fort 
St.  George}  also  one  son, Thomas  Pitt,^  created  Lord  Came^ord, 
1784,  who  was  succeeded  by  his  only  son,  Thomas;  second  Lord 
Camelford,  an  eccentric  young  man,  on  whose  death,  1804,  the 
title  became  extinct.  His  only  sister  and  heir  married  William, 
the  present  Lord  Greaville. 

2.  William  Pitt,  Esq.  of  whom  hereafter. 

Of  the  daughters,  Harriot  was  married  to  Sir  William  Corbet, 
of  Stoke,  in  Shropshire,  Bart.;  Catharine,  to  Robert  Needham,  of 
Ireland,  Esq.;  (wbpse  granddaughter,  Miss  Trollop  Brown,  mar^ 

^  See  the  Letters  written  to  him  in  hit  youth  by  bis  uode^  Lord  Chatham  1 
and  pobUihe4  by  Lord  Gresville,  i8o5« 


4S  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

lied  the  pieaent  Earl  of  Pomfret) ;  Aim^  was  Bfaid  of  Honour 
to  Qoeen  Caroline,  and  Privy-parse  to  the  late  Princess  Dowager 
of  Wales  $  Elizabeth  married  John  Hanbani,  Esq.  Banister  at 
Law,  and  died  February  14th,  1770  i  and  Mary,  nmnarried. 

William  Pitt,  Esq.  the  younger  son,  first  Easl  of  Chat- 
ham, served  in  parliament  for  the  borough  of  Old  Samm,  in  the 
gth  Parliament  of  Great  Britain,  the  port  of  Seaford  in  the  10th, 
the  borough  of  Aldborough  in  the  1 1th,  and  the  city  of  Bath  in 
the  12th,  till  he  was  advanced  to  the  Peerage. 

In  February,  1737,  he  was  appointed  a  Gtoom  of  the  Bed- 
chamber to  his  Boyal  Highness  Frederick,  Prince  of  Wales,  which 
resigning  in  April,  1745,  he  was  constituted  on  the  32d  of  Fe- 
bruary, 17^9  Joint  VicfTreasurer  of  Ireland,  and  on  May  6tfa, 
1746,  Treasurer  and  Paypaaster-general  of  the  army,  and  on  the 
28th  of  the  same  month  was  sworn  a  member  of  his  Majest/s 
most  honourable  Privy  Council.  For  his  opposing  the  measnrea 
of  the  Minbtry,  in  parliament,  with  an  eloquence  and  force  of 
reasoning  seldom  equalled,  her  Grace  Sarah,  late  Dutchess  Dow- 
ager of  Marlborough,  some  time  before,  left  him  a  legacy  of  ten 
IJM>asand  pounds;  upon  accouni,  as  her  will  expresses  it,  of  hU 
merit  in  the  noble  defence  he  has  made  for  the  support  of  the  laws 
rf  England,  and  to  prevent  the  ruin  of  his  country.  Having  re- 
signed his  post  of  Paymaster-general  of  the  forces,  he  was,  on 
December  4ih,  1756,  appointed  Secretary  of  State  for  the  South- 
ern department,  in  the  room  of  the  Right  Hon.  Henry  Fox; 
which  post  he  held  until  October  5  th,  1761  (except  the  small  in- 
terval from  April  gth,  17^7»  to  June  29th,  the  same  year),  with 
such  honour  to  himself,  8uch  glory  to  the  nation,  and  so  greatly 
to  the  satisfaction  of  his  Sovereign  and  the  people  in  general,  as 
never  any  Minister  in  this  kingdom  before  experienced.  Oar 
successes  abroad,  during  his  patriotic  administration,  are  too 
deeply  engraved  on  the  minds  of  his  countrymen  ever  to  be  erased* 
or  to  need  much  mention  here :  let  it  suffice  just  to  say,  that  all 
the  officers  employed  through  his  influence,  by  sea  and  land, 
justified  his  nice  and  true  discernment :  under  his  auspices*  Am- 
herst and  Boscawen  reduced  Cape  Breton ;  Wolfe  and  Saunders 
triumphed  at  Quebec;  Goree  and  Senegal  were  subjug^ated  to  the 
crown  of  Great  Britain ;  the  French  were  ruined  in  the  East  In- 
dies, their  armies  defeated  in  Europe ;  Belleisle  was  rent  from 
their  monarchy;  their  coasts  were  insulted  and  ravaged,  their  fleeta 
destroyed,  their  trade  annihilated,  and  those  ancient  enemies  of 
these  kingdoms  reduced  to  a  state  of  bankruptcy;  and  that  by 

c  She  died  9th  February,  1781,  at  Kenstngton  GratdPiu,  Middlesex. 


EARL  OP  CHATHAM.  49 

his  wise  plan  the  Hayannah  was  torn  from  the  Spaniaids  after  hia 
lesignation.  Happy  and  united  at  home^  abroad  the  English 
nation  was  everjrwhere  feared  and  respected ;  her  ensigns  were 
displayed  in  the  remotest  regions,  and  her  honour  was  advanced 
to  a  pitch  never  known  before :  the  name  of  an  Englishman  was 
proDooneed  with  reverencey  and  her  sovereign's  glory  propagated 
to  the  furthest  bounds  of  the  earth. 

On  October  5th,  176l»  he  resigned  the  seals  of  his  office  of 
secretary  of  State,  and  they  were  given  to  Charles,  late  Earl  of 
Egremont ;  bat  his  Majes^,  in  consideration  of  his  great  and  im- 
portant services,  was  graciously  pleased  to  direct  a  warrant  to  be 
prepared  for  ganting  to  the  Lady  Hester  Pitt,  his  wife,  a  Barony 
of  Great  Britain,  by  the  name,  style,  and  title,  of  Bahonbss  of 
Cbathaii,  to  herself,  and  of  Baron  of  Chatham,  to  her  heirs 
male  5  and  also  to  confer  on  him,  the  said  Right  Hon.  William 
Pitt«  an  annuity  of  three  thousand  pounds,  during  his  own  life, 
and  that  of  Lady  Hester  Pitt^  and  their  son  the  Hon.  John  Pitt, 
Esq. 

During  the  period  in  which  he  bore  no  share  in  the  adminis- 
tration, his  behaviour  displayed  an  inflexible  integrity,  and  the 
greatest  love  of  his  conntiy,  particularly  in  the  famous  afiair  of 
General  Warrants,  and  that  of  the  repeal  of  the  American  stamp 
act,  on  which  he  spoke  with  such  eloquence,  solid  judgment,  and 
conviction,  as  could  not  fail  to  silence  his  opponents,  and  to  prove 
that  the  slavery  of  our  colonies  would  be  followed  by  our  own  de^ 
struction*.  At  length,  after  many  shifting  and  unsteady  plans  of 
administration,  his  Majesty,  induced  by  a  thorough  knowledge  of 
his  great  abilities,  and  the  general  wishes  of  his  people^  was  gra- 
ciously pleased  again  to  call  him  to  his  assistance  in  the  arduous 
afiirs  of  government,  and  to  confer  new  honours  upon  him. 

On  July  30th,  17Q6,  his  Majesty  was  pleased  to  grant  unto 
him,  and  his  heirs  male,  the  dignities  of  a  Vtsctmnt  and  Earl  of 
Great  Britain,  by  the  name,  style,  and  title  of  discount  Pitt,  of 
Burton  Pynsent,  in  the  county  of  Somerset,  and  Eael  of  Chat- 
ham, in  the  county  of  Kent,  and  to  deliver  to  his  Lordship  the 
custody  of  the  privy-seal,  which  high  office  his  Lordship  held  till 
November  2d,  17^8,  and  it  was  the  last  public  employment  he 
accepted  of. 

For  ieveral  years  before  his  death  his  Lordship  was  so  violently 
afflicted  with  the  gout,  that  he  was  not  only  incapable  of  attend- 
ing to  his  own  private  affairs,  but  was  in  general  confined  to  his 
diamber ;  yet  so  great  was  his  love  to  his  country's  weli^re,^  that 

VOL.  V.  » 


50  I^£RAG£  OF  ENGLAND. 

whenever  any  matter  of  great  moment  vfas  to  be  debated  in  the 
house  of  peers^  his  Lordship  would  attend  his  duty  in  parliament^ 
though  he  was  obliged  to  be  wrapped  in  flannels,  and  was  unable 
to  stand,  without  the  aiislstance  of  crutches.  As  it  was  on  one  of 
those  occasions  that  his  Lordship,  by  exerting  himself  beyond  his 
strength,  brought  on  that  illness  which  put  a  period  to  his  I'fe^  it 
will  not  be  improper  to  give  a  short  account  of  the  business  of 
that  day,  not  only  as  a  proof  of  his  Lordship  s  great  abilities^  even 
in  the  last  period  of  his  life,  but  to  preserve  his  sentiments  upon 
the  American  affairs,  and  to  shew  the  great  esteem  in  which  his 
Lqrdship^s  opinion  was  held  by  that  great  assembly. 

On  April  8th,  177^*  hi*  Grace  the  Duke  of  Richmond^  agree- 
able to  the  notice  he  had  given  a  few  days  before,  rose  (in  the 
house  of  peers)  to  propose  an  address  to  bis  Majesty,  in  conse- 
quence of  the  proceedings  of  the  committee  appointed  to  inquire 
into  the  state  of  the  nation.  The  substance  of  the  address  was  as 
follows : 

"  Humbly  stating  to  his  Majesty,  that  in  the  present  very 
serious  situation  of  public  affairs,  that  house  had  thought  it  their 
duty,  as  hereditary  council  to  his  Majesty,  and  guardians  of  his 
dignity  and  dominions,  to  make  strict  inquiry  into  the  state  of  the 
nation  and  conduct  of  its  government ;  and  after  proceeding  day 
by  day  with  most  attentive  prudence,  they  thought  it  their  duty 
humbly  to  lay  before  his  Majesty  the  principal  facts  brought  to 
light  by  their  investigations.    That  our  army  in  America,  in  the 
year  1 77^f  con3isted  of  above  6000  men  5  that  in  J  775,  it  consisted 
of  12,0005  in  1 776,  of  42,000  5  and  in  17>7.  of  36,000.     That 
-  with  this  force^  the  most  powerful  that  had  ever  been  sent  out  of 
the  kingdom,'  accompanied  by  a  fine  train  of  artillery,  and  sup- 
ported by  eighty-two  ships  of  war,  we  had  been  able  to  make  no 
greater  conquests  in  the  revolted  provinces  during  so  many  years, 
than  that  of  two  open  towns,  Philadelphia  and  New  York,  with 
two  or  three  small  islands  on  the  coasts.     That  during  the  last 
campaign  we  had  lost  above  11,800  of  our  best  troops;  that  in 
the  present  internal  state  of  this  kingdom,  it  was  impossible  with 
prudence  to  send  over  a  sufficient  number  of  veteran  troops  to  re- 
cruit that  deficiency  ;  and  the  new  levies  could  not  be  trained  to 
arms  early  enough  for  speedy  and  effective  action.   That  the  great 
advantage  which  we  had  of  the  Americans  at  the  beginning  of 
the  war,  was  the  discipline  of  our  veteran  troops  opposed  to  their 
inexperience  in  arms  :  now  the  case  was  reversed,  and  our  raw 
forces  must  meet  their  soldiers  of  approved  service.    That  it  wa« 


EARL  OF  CHATHAM.  Si 

highly  imprudent  to  expect  that  success  with  a  w^ker  army, 
which  had  not  attended  the  efforts  of  one  much  stronger— it  was 
still -more -imprudent  to  expect  that  the  same  force  which  was  un«> 
able  to  prevail  against  America,  should  be  able  to  reduce  that  con* 
tinent  when  powerfully  supported  by  tha  house  of  Bourbon.  That 
the  force  of  this  country  was  by  no  means  in  the  respectable  situa- 
tion which  it  ought  to  be  in^  for  the  national  dignity  and  safety  ^ 
that  the  state  of  the  navy  in  particular,  was  found  to  be  very  dif- 
ferent from  the  accounts  on  the  table,  and  far  inferior  to  the 
public  representation  made  of  it  by  the  first  lord  of  the  admiralty, 
as  well  as  unequal  to  the  prodi^oas  sums  granted  by  parliament 
for  its  support. 

^  That  public  credit  was  evidently  at  a  very  low  ebb,  as  ap- 
peared by  the  discount  on  the  present  loan,  in  which  the  sub- 
scribecs  were  considerable  losers ;  though  the  interest  upon  it  was 
greater,  and  the  terms  in  general  more  advantageous  thaii  had 
l)een  known  in  any  former  loan. 

*'  That  a  debt  of  thirty-nine  millions  must  necessarily  be  in- 
curred by  the  present  civil  war.  Such  alarming  circumstances 
were  lamentable  indications  of  an  approaching  national  bank- 
ruptcy. It  was  a  situation  which  demanded  the  most  calm  con- 
nderaCioD  ;  it  was  net  a  moment  to  run  hastily  into  measures  to 
which  our  abilities  were  inadequate :  at  such  a  moment  it  W^s 
the  duty  of  the  house  to  watch  over  his  Majesty's  ministers,  and 
to  offer  their  best  advice  to  their  graeious  sovereign.  They  there- 
fore implored  bis  Majesty  to  look  back  to  that  glorious  period^ 
when  he  came  to  the  throne  of  these  kingdoms^  with  all  the  flat- 
tering circumstances  of  royal  happiness^  and  the  prosperity  of  a 
loyal  and  affectionate  people,  through  a  flourishing  and  extended 
empire,  the  pride»  the  glory^  and  the  terror  of  die  world !  They 
exhorted  him  to  compare  the  present  distracted  and  ruinous  state 
of  this  empire^  with  that  envied  condition  in  which  it  had  been 
delivered  to  him  by  his  glonaos  predecessors  of  the  house  of  Bruns- 
wick ;  and  then  form  a  judgment  of  those  men  who  had  deceived 
and  betrayed  his  Majesty,  the  parliament  and  the  nation,  into  the 
unnatural  war  which  had  produced  such  direful  efiects  :  men  who 
had  lavishly  squandered  away  the  public  money,  neglected  the 
kingdom's  safety,  abused  the  nation's  confidence,  alienated  the 
affection  and  duty  of  the  people,  tarnished  the  lustre  of  his  Ma- 
jesty's crown,  and  dismembered  his  empire.  They  humbly  ad- 
vised him  to  withdraw  all  his  forces  by  sea  and  land  from  the  re- 
volted provinces^  and  adopt  amicable  means  only,  for  recovering 


5Z  PEER.'VGE  OF  ENGLAND 

their  friendship  at  leasts  if  not  their  allegiance.  They  hambljr 
intreated  his  Majestj  would  dismiss  his  present  ministers,  who 
had  so  dangerously  misled  him  and  his  parliament  by  false  infor- 
mation and  wicked  advice;  that  he  would  put  a  stop  to  the 
ruinous  system  of  policy  which  had  hitherto  been  pursued^  and 
seriously  think  upon  some  method  of  reforming  the  morals,  cor- 
recting the  dissipation,  and  promoting  the  industry  of  the  people, 
as  the  only  means  of  saving  the  state  from  the  ruin  to  which  we 
are  hastening  with  such  rapid  strides*** 

Lord  Weymouth  replied,  that  he  should  oppose  the  motion 
upon  two  principles,  applying  to  the  two  objects  of  the  prayer  of 
the  address  proposed  by  the  noble  Duke.  First,  the  removal  of 
his  Majesty*s  ministers;  and  next,  the  withdrawing  the  forces 
from  America.  Though  a  minister  himself,  he  declared  his  mo* 
tives  were  not  personal,  and  for  this  he  appealed  to  those  who 
knew  his  disposition  and  sentiments  on  that  point  $  but  be  thought 
it  Unjust  to  condemn  ministers  without  a  £iir  hearing;  and,  for- 
ward as  they  might  be  in  their  private  capacities  to  meet  the 
keenest  inquiry,  yet  the  delicate  circumstances  of  the  state,  made 
it  impossible  for  them,  at  the  present  crisis,  to  offer  the  proofs 
which  could  be  adduced  in  their  justification,  without  the  danger 
of  injuring  the  public  cause ;  so  intimate  was  the  relation  of  one 
with  the  other.  It  was  therefore  by  no  means  a  fair  deduction 
of  the  noble  Duke,  "  that  not  to  controvert  assertions  was  to 
admit  them  ;'*  and  confident  that  many  of  the  propositions  in  the 
address  moved  for,  were  not  true  facts,  he  could  not  consent  to 
their  being  stated  to  the  King  with  the  authority  of  parliament. 

With  respect  to  the  other  part  of  the  prayer,  *'  to  call  home 
our  forces,*'  he  considered  it  as  very  bad  policy  in  the  moment 
when  a  foreign  war  was  so  strongly  apprehended,  to  let  our  ene- 
mies know  oflSicially  how  and  where,  and  for  what  purposes,  we 
were  to  dispose  of  onr  forces ;  and  though^  by  calling  home  the 
forces  now  in  America,  we  did  not  actually  announce  where  they 
were  to  be  employed,  yet  it  was  letting  them  know  where  they 
were  not  to  be  employed,  and  even  that  was  by  no  means  prudent; 
for  the  policy  of  all  nations  and  governments  left  such  cares  to  the 
discretion  of  the  executive  power,  to  whose  province  it  was  com* 
mitted  by  reason,  as  well  as  by  the  constitution  of  this  country; 

The  Earl  of  Chatham  folbwed  Lord  Weymouth.  [He  ap- 
peared to  be  extremely  feeble,  and  spoke  with  that  difficulty  of 
utterance  which  is  the  characteristic  of  severe  indisposiUon.]  His 
Lordship  began  with  declaring,  that  bis  ill  health  had  for  some 


EARL  OF  CHATHAM.  as 

time  obliged  bim  to  absent  himself  from  the  performance  of  his 
parliamentaiy  duty }  be  rejoiced,  however,  that  be  was  yet  alive 
to  give  bis  vote  against  so  impolitic^  so  inglorious  a  measure  as  the 
acknowledgement  of  the  independency  of  America ;  and  declared 
he  would  much  rather  be  in  his  grave  than  see  the  lustre  of  the 
British  throne  tarnished,  the  dignity  of  the  empire  disgraced,  the 
gloiy  of  the  nation  sunk  to  such  a  degree  as  it  must  be,  when  the 
dependency  of  America  on  the  sovereignty  of  Great  Britain  was 
given  up.  The  Earl  next  adverted  to  the  conduct  of  the  court  of 
France,  and  observed,  that  at  a  crisis  like  the  present  he  would 
openly  speak  his  sentiments,  although  they  might  turn  out  to  be 
dangerous.  As  a  reason  for  throwing  off  reserve,  he  said  he  did 
not  approve  of  halting  between  two  opinions^  when  there  was  no 
middle  path  -,  that  it  was  necessary  absolutely  to  declare  either  for 
peace  or  war,  and  when  the  former  could  not  be  preserved  with 
honour,  the  latter  ought  to  be  declared  without  hesitation.  Hav- 
ing made  this  remark,  he  asked,  where  was  the  ancient  spirit  of 
the  nation,  that  a  foreign  ppwer  was  suffered  to  bargain  for  that 
commerce  which  was  her  natural  right,  and  enter  into  a  treaty 
with  her  own  subjects,  without  instantly  resenting  it  ?  Could  it 
be  possible  that  we  were  the  same  people  who  but  sixteen  years 
ago  were  the  envy  and  admiration  of  all  the  world  ?  How  were 
we  altered !  and  what  had  made  the  alteration  ?  He  feared  there 
was  something  in  the  dark,  something  lurking  near  the  throne, 
which  gave  motion  to  administration — sonlething  unseen,  which 
caused  such  pusillanimous,  such  timid,  such  dastardly  councils. 
What !  were  we  to  sit  down  in  an  ignominious  tameness  }  to  say, 
"  take  from  us  what  you  will,  but  in  God*s  name  Jet  us  be  at 
peace  ?**  Were  we  blinded  by  despair }  Could  we  forget  that 
wc  were  Englishmen  ?  Could  we  forget  that  the  nation  had  stood 
the  Danish  irruptions  ?  had  stood  the  irruptions  of  other  nations ! 
bad  stood  the  inroads  of  the  Scotch !  had  stood  the  Norman  con- 
quests !  had  stood  the  threatened  invasion  of  the  famous  Spanish 
armada,  and  the  various  efforts  of  the  Bourbon  compacts !  Why 
then  should  we  now  give  up  all,  without  endeavouring  to  prevent 
our  losses,  without  a  blow,  without  an  attempt  to  resent  the  in* 
snltB  offered  us  ?  If  France  and  Spain  were  for  war,  why  not  try 
an  issue  with  them  ?  If  we  fell  afterwards,  we  should  fall  decently, 
and  like  men. 

Having  spoken  with  some  enthusiasm  upon  these  points,  his 
Lordship  said  he  waged  war  against  no  set  of  men,  neither  did 
he  wish  for  any  of  their  employments :  he  then  reverted  to  the 


-  54  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

subject  of  American  independency ;  and  after  rccaUtng  the  atteo-^ 
tion  of  their  Lordships  to  the  extent  and  revenue  of  the  estate  of 
the  crown  of  J)ngland,  when  the  present  King  came  into  the  pos« 
session  of  it^  asked  what  right' the  houses  of  parliament  liad  to  de- 
prive the  Prince  of  Wales^  the  Bishop  of  Osoabuigb^  and  the  other 
rising  hopes  of  the  noble  royal  family,  of  the  inheritance  of  the 
thirteen  American  provinces  ?     Sooner  than  consent  to  take  awaj 
from  any  of  the  heirs  of  the  Princess  Sophia  s  body,  what  they  had 
a  legal  and  natural  right  to  expect  to  possess,  he  declared  he  would 
see  the  Prince  of  Wales,  the  Bishop  of  Osnaburgh,  and  the  rest  of 
the  young  Princes,  brought  down  to  the  committee,  and  hear  them 
content  to  lose  their  inheritance.     The  Earl  declared  he  was  ex- 
ceedingly  ill ;  but  as  long  as  he  could  crawl  down  to  that  house, 
and  had  strength  to  raise  himself  on  his  crutches,  or  to  lift  his 
band,  he  would  vote  against  the  giving  up  the  dependency  of 
America  on  the  sovereignty  of  Great  Britain ;  and  if  no  other 
lord  was  of  opinion  with  ,him,  he  would  singly  protest  against 
the  measure. 

With  regard  to  our  power  to  carry  on  the  war,  or  commence 
a  new  one  with  France,  there  were,  he  said,  means,  though  he 
knew  not  what ;  if,  however,  he  was  called  upon  to  give  his  ad- 
vice, he  would  give  it  honestly ;  and  tliough,  from  his  exceeding 
ill  state  of  health,  he  feared  he  had  not  abilities  enough  to  ensure 
to  the  execution  of  his  measures  the  wished  for  success,  he  would 
make  some  amends  by  his  sincerity. 

The  Duke  of  Richmond  rose  and  spoke  in  reply ;  in  answer 
to  Lord  Weymouth's  remarks,  his  Grace  acknowledged  that  the 
resolutions  which  had  been  ofiered  during  the  sitting  of  the  com- 
mittee, had  not  been  admitted,  though  they  had  not  been  contro- 
verted, but  appealed  to  their  lordships,  whether  any  one  objec- 
tion had  been  offered  as  to  their  foundation  in  fact,  and  whether 
every  one  of  their  lordships  were  not  perfectly  convinced  of  the 
truth  of  them.  As  to  what  the  noble  Viscount  had  said  relative 
to  the  dismission  of  the  ministers,  he  begged  him  to  recollect,  that 
the  King*s  servants  were  in  fact  the  servants  of  the  people,  and 
that  the  Ring  himself  was  an  officer  of  the  people :  that  therefore 
parliament  were  warranted  in  their  complaining  of  ministers,  if 
they*  foiled  in  the  discharge  of  their  duty.  That  from  what  had 
come  out  in  the  course  of  the  inquiryi  it  was  evident  this  coontiy 
was  reduced  to  a  very  perilous  situation,  in  consequence  of  the 
weak  and  evil  conduct  of  administration  ^  that  it  was  highly  ne- 
cessary to  let  the  King  know  who  were  the  cause  of  our  present 


EARL  OP  CHATHAM.  55 

ealamities.  He  said  he  had  purposely  avoided  touching  upon  the 
Canada  expedition,  or  inquiring  whether  it  was  ascribable  to  the 
ill  conduct  of  the  officer  entrusted  with  the  execution  of  it,  or  of 
the  minister  at  home  who  planned  it,  because  he  was  deternnined 
to  proceed  only  upon  facts  which  could  be  ascertained ;  that  the 
address  stated  nothing  but  factsj,  facts  proved  beyond  a  contra- 
diction. 

In  answer  to  what  the  noble  £arl  who  spoke  last  had  said^  bis 
Grace  declared  if  that  Earl  was  called  upon  to  conduct  a  war^  he 
certainly  would  support  his  measures  as  far  :is  he  was  able 3  but  he 
begged  the  noble  Earl  to  remember^  that  though  spirit  could  do 
a  great  deal,  it  could  do  little  alone.     He  did  not  doubt  but  the 
same  of  the  Earl  ot'Chatliam  (he  begged  his  Lordship*s  pardon 
for  mentioning  it  before  him)  would  rouse  the  spirit  of  the  nation; 
yet  that  name,  great  and  mighty  as  it  deservedly  was,  could  not 
gain  victory  without  nn  army,  without  a  navy,  and  without  money. 
If  a  large  fleet  of  French  ships  met  a  few  of  ours,  did  the  noble 
Earl  think,  that  merely  telling  them  the  Earl  of  Chatham  had  the 
conduct  of  affairs,  would  prevent  our  being  beat  ?     If  the  fleet 
passed  our  ships,  and  the  men  on  board  the  fleet  effected  an  in- 
vasion, did  the  nc/ble  Earl  imagine  that  merely  telling  those  who 
landed  that  Lord  Chatham  was  the  minister^  and  that  he  had 
roused  the  spirit  of  the  nation,  would  induce  them  to  reimbark, 
and  quit  the  pursuit  of  their  purpose  ?     He  desired  the  noble 
Earl  to  recollect)  that  when  he  was  fornaerly  called  to  the  head  of 
administration,  the  finances  of  the  kingdom  were  in  excellent 
order,  having  been  put  into  the  best  state  that  was  possible  by 
that  able  financier  Mr.  Pelham.     We  had  a  fine  army,  a  fine 
navy.     When  the  noble  Earl  was  last  the  director  of  the  military 
operations  of  this  country,  we  fought  France  for  some  years,  and 
Spain  did  not  join  in  the  war  till  France  was  debilitated,  and 
rendered  almost  incapable  of  pursuing  it  any  longer.     It  was  true, 
the  noble  Earl  had  carried  the  glory  of  the  nation  to  a  higher 
pitch  than  had  ever  been  known  $  but  if  he  came  in  now,  he  came 
in  under  different  circumstances.     If  the  noble  Earl  had  told  him 
who  were  to  support  his  measures,  bow  the  war  was  to  be  carried 
on,  ahd  whence  the  supplies  were  to  be  obtained,  he  should  have 
readily  given  up  his  own  opinion,  and  adopted  that  of  his  Lord- 
ship ;  biit  till  those  essential  points  were  established^  he  must  beg 
leave  to  retain  his  own  sentiments. 

With  regard  to  the  American  independency,  if  the  Americans 
could  be  persuaded  to  -give  up  the  idea,  he  would  be  one  of  the 


56  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

first  to  vote  for  retaining  them  dependent  on  the  sovereignty  of 
Great  Britain;  but  as  he  was  convinced  they  would  not«  he  was 
anxious  to  keep  them  as  allies^  and  he  was  the  more  anxious^  be^ 
cause  he  saw  that  if  they  were  not  on  terms  of  friendship  with  \xs, 
they  would  be  so  with  France^  and  if  we  went  to  war  with  her  on 
aocount  of  her  late  treaty^  they  roust  in  honour  assist  her  against 
us.  His  Grace  reverted  to  his  prior  state  of  facts,  and  mentioned 
that  our  army  in  America  was  now  ]  1,000  men  short  of  its 
amount  last  year,  that  it  would  be  dangerous  to  recruit  it  by  drafts 
from  the  old  regiments  at  home,  and  impolitic  and  useless  to  re- 
cruit it  with  the  new  levies ;  that  the  finances  were  in  a  very 
alarming  state,  the  money  for  the  service  of  the  present  year 
having  been  raised  at  a  greater  disadvantage  to  the  public  than  it 
was  in  the  year  I761,  at  a  time  when  the  war  had  continued  for 
some  years.  In  reply  to  what  Lord  Chatham  had  said,  relative 
to  the  disinheriting  the  Prince  of  Wales,  &c.  of  thdr  American 
patrimony  j  he  said  he  would  join  issue  with  the  noble  Earl,  as  to 
the  wickedness  of  those  who  were  the  cause  of  such  a  measure, 
and  in  supporting  the  Prince  and  his  brethren  in  a  proper  exami- 
nation into  the  conduct  of  that  blundering  administration  who 
had  been  guilty  of  such  scandalous  misconduct. 

When  his  Grace  came  near  the  end  of  his  reply.  Lord  Chat- 
ham's great  soul  seemed  agitated  with  some  big  thought,  and 
.when  the  Duke  sat  down,  his  Lordship  attempted  to  rise,  but  his 
feelings  proved  too  strong  for  his  debilitated  constitution,  and  sud- 
denly pressing  his  hand  on  his  stomach,  he  fell  into  a  convulsive 
fit.  The  house  was  thrown  into  the  greatest  alarm  by  this  melan- 
choly circumstance.  The  strangers  below  the  bar,  who  were  un- 
usually numerous,  were  ordered  instantly  to  withdraw,  the  win* 
dows  were  all  opened,  the  house  adjourned,  and  his  Lordship  was 
removed  into  the  princes  chamber,  where  his  physician.  Dr.  Ad- 
dington,  soon  attended,  and  a  favourable  change  ensued. 

On  April  8th,  the  debate  which  had  been  interrupted  by  the 
sudden  illness  of  the  Earl  of  Chatham  was  resumed  by  the  Earl  of 
Shdbume,  who  bestowed  many  polite  and  just  encomiums  on 
Lord  Chatham ;  admiring,  in  particular,  that  amazing  fortitude 
which  had  enabled  him,  for  the  sake  of  his  country,  to  struggle 
against  bodily  infirmities,  in  order  to  deliver  his  opinion  in  parlia- 
ment at  so  critical  a  juncture.  He  then,  as  we  apprehend,  sup* 
plied  the  place  of  the  disabled  patriot,  for  he  delivered  what  he 
supposed  that  great  statesman  intended  to  have  said  when  he  was 
taken  ill. 


KARL  OP  CHATHAM.  57 

His  Lordship's  maaning,  said  the  Eaxi  of  Shelborne,  **  when 
we  wished  for  war,  though  he  did  not  know  the  means  by  which 
it  was  to  be  conducted^'*  was  rather  to  be  inferred  from  concomi- 
tant drcamstances,  than  deduced  from  the  literal  expression.    He 
intended  to  Intimate^  that  there  certainly  were  means  in  the  in- 
ternal resources  of  this  kingdom,  to  assist  us  in  any  military  mea« 
snre,  but  what  they  were,  that  is,  how  those  resources  were  to  be 
disposed,  he  could  not  then  fi^resee,  and  for  this  plain  reason,  that 
the  application  must  be  influenced  in  some  dqp'ee,  by  the  casual 
contingencies  of  the  times.     His  Lordship  then  pointed  out 
wherein  he  differed  from  the  Duke  of  Richmond.    He  said,  his 
Grace  had  divided  the  arguments,  by^  which  he  supported  the 
principle  of  American  independence  into  two  distinct  heads.  First, 
he  had  urged,  ''  that  the  conquest  of  America,  was  a  mad,  a  des- 
perate, a  foolish  undertaking,"  because  we  wanted  men  and 
money,    fiut  how  did  it  appear  that  we  laboured  under  either  of 
these  deflciences  ?    Our  difficulties  were  indeed  great  enough  for 
the  basis  of  flowery  declamation,  and  pathetic  description ;  but 
the  actual  feeling  of  these  terrible  misfortunes  had  not  yet  touched 
us.    We  wanted  men  f  he  was  talking  to  men,  at  least  he  wcmld 
think  them  so,  till  th^  signed  the  grant  of  American  indepen- 
dence. Wherever  he  went,  he  saw  men  in  abundance ;  no  violent 
effort  had  been  made,  and  yet  we  gave  ourselves  up  to  a  premature 
despondency ;  which  was,  as  Lord  Chatham  expressed  it,  '^  the 
worst  of  all."    But  money  was  also  wanting :  what  argument 
had  appeared  in  defence  of  this  notion  ?    The  stocks  were  low  $ 
that  might  be  the  case,  and  yet  it  was  not  at  all  a  legitimate  in* 
feience,  that  money  was  scarce.    The  situation  of  the  stocks  was 
a  complex  consideration,  including  in  it,  not  only  the  possession  of 
money,  but  a  confidence  in  ministers.    Persons  thcunefore,  who 
had  it,  wanting  that  reliance^  would  keep  it  from  the  funds,  and 
consequently  render  the  conclusion  fallacious,  that  the  quantity 
of  the  specie  was  to  be  estimated  ftom  the  state  of  the  stocks.    It 
was  his  opinion,  therefore,  that  neither  of  these  circumstances  ope- 
rated  against  the  prosecution  of  the  war.    The  second  argument 
that  iiad  been  produced  was,  that  it  was  impolitic,  even  if  it  was 
piactiGahle,  to  subdne  America,  for  that  the  friendship  constituted 
on  such  a  foundation  would  be  weak  and  temporary.     He  was  of 
opinion  that  there  would  be  no  friendship  built  on  any  other  basis, 
but  that  of  acknowledged  dependence.    Their  notions,  their  feeU 
iogi^  their  pride  would  change  with  the  exaltation  of  their  fbrtnne; 


38  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

t 

I 

being  independent  they  woald  show  themselves  so.  They  would 
be  eager  for  the  promotion  of  their  national  consequence, 
and  would  trade  here  or  there,  or  wherever  this  datltng  object 
might  be  procured.  We  could  therefore  have  no  permanent 
hopes  even  firoip  this  indignity,  and  should  we  submit  to  po- 
utive  dishonour,  where  there  was  only  the  chance  of  positive  ad- 
yantage?  This  was  a  principle  which  no  circumstance  would 
induce  him  to  favour.  It  was  moreover  unjust  to  acquiesce  in 
American  independence.  He  knew  from  indisputable  authority, 
that  there  Wbrc  great  numbers  there,  who  were  actuated  with  the 
warmest  feelings  of  loyalty,  and  who  wished  for  no  treaty  with 
England,  but  on  the  foundation  of  dependence.  The  majority  of 
the  executive  power  did  not  always  imply  a  majority  of  the  people^ 
it  did  not  in  America  5  for  he  could  affirm,  of  his  own  private  in- 
formation, that  many  remained  unshaken  in  their  attachment  to 
this  country.  Would  it  be  fair?  would  it  be  honourable?  to 
desert  those  steady  friends  who  had  reposed  a  degree  of  confidence 
in  us,  that  endangered  their  lives  and  properties  ?  would  it  be 
grateful  to  the  descendants  of  the  great  Penn,  who  had  contri- 
buted so  much  to  the  establishing  the  glory  and  figure  which  Ame- 
rica now  held,  to  leave  them  a  neglected  prey  to  the  barbarity  of 
tyrants,  who  ^m  the  novelty  of  their  grandeur  would  be  cruel  in 
excess  ?  Would  it  be  kind  as  countrymen,  to  resign  the  great 
possessions  of  the  Lords  Weymouth  and  Baltimore  to  their  hostile 
depredations.  All  these  were  circumstances,  that  as  being  strong 
and  powerful  incitements  to  war,  should  be  peculiar  additions  to 
the  disgrace  of  pusillanimous  peace.  His  Lordship  illustrated 
, these  observations  as  he  went  on,  with  the  apt  introduction  of 
historical  facts  5  and  was  more  than  usually  ironical  in  his  obser- 
vations on  the  dastard  spirit  we  now  seemed  to  possess.  He  m3de 
several  digressions,  and  was  prolix,  though  explicit,  in  the  de- 
scriprion  of  his  sentiments,  the  material  abstract  of  which  is  here 
given;  The  Duke  of  Richmond  replied.  He  said  his  Lordship 
had  affirmed  there  was  no  want  of  noen.  In  state  calculations 
want  or  plenty  was  always  a  comparative  deduction.  If  the 
numbers  of  your  enemy  were  far  greater  than  your  own,  you 
might  be  said  to  want,  though  compared  only  with  yourselves  at 
difierent  periods,  the  number  might  be  great.  Frisince  possessed 
24,000,000  of  men ;  Spain  6  or  7 ;  and  America  3,000,000. 
Against  these  were  to  be  opposed  8,000,000.  This  disparitj 
rcttaroly. constituted  an  amazing  want.    He  said,  he  wished  as 


EARL  OP  CHATHAM.  95 

mocb  as  any  man  for  a  connection  with  America  on  the  most 
honourable  terms^  bat  then  it  was  always  imprudent  not  to  adopt  ^, 
the  best  alternative ;  and  therefore^  if  we  could  not  conquer^  let  us 
make  the  best  friendship  we  could. 

h(xd  Shelbume,  in  explanation^  observed^  that  notwithstaod* 
ing  the  amazing  disparity  of  numbers  that  had  been  suggested, 
yet,  wonderful  as  it  was^  their  poor  8,000,000  had  often  coped  ' 
with  this  tremendous  multitude  his  Grace  had  enumerated.  He 
was  particularly  warm  and  energetic  in  this  replication,  and  cor* 
roborated  the  arguments  he  had  previously  suggested,  with  pecu- 
liar force  and  fire ;  but  the  subject  for  which  the  house  was  ad« 
joumed,  was  scarcely  at  all  adverted  to,  so  that  without  farther 
discussion,  the  question  was  put ;  when  there  appeared  against 
the  address  fifty  3  for  it  thirty.three. 

The  following  protest  was  entered  upon  the  journals  of  the 
bouse  against  the  negative  put  on  the  motion  for  an  humble  ad- 
dress to  his  Majesty,  made  by  the  Duke  of  Richmond,  relative  to 
the  state  of  the  nation : 

'*  Dissentient, 
"  Because  we  think  the  rejection  of  the  proposed  address  at 
this  time,  may  appear  to  indicate  in  this  house,  a  desire  of  con- 
tinuing that  plan  of  ignorance,  concealment,  deceit,  and  delusion, 
by  which  the  sovereign  and  his  people  have  already  been  brought . 
into  so  many  and  so  grievous  calamities.    We  hold  it  absolutely  ^ 
necessary  that  both  sovereign  and  people  should  be  undeceived, 
snd  that  they  should  distinctly  and  authentically  be  made  ac-  . 
qoainted  with  the  state  of  their  afiairs,  which  is  faithfully  repre- 
sented in  this  proposed  address,  at  a  time  when  our  eajstence  as  a 
nation  may  depend  upon  our  having  a  just  idea  of  our  real  situa* 
lion,  and  upon  our  wisdom  in  making  a  proper  use  of  it. 

Richmond,  Portland, 

Abergavenny,  Effingham, 

Thanet,  Radnor, 

Abingdon,  Rockingham, 

Harcourt,  Stamford, 

De  Ferrai's,  Manchester, 

Fitzwilliam,  Ponsonby, 

J.  St.  Asaph,  Craven, 

Devonshire,  Spencer, 

Bolton,  Hereford.*' 

This  great  patriot,  orator,  and  politician,  departed  this  life  at 


60  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

« 

bii  seat  at  Hajes  id  Kentj  on  May  nth  Mowingi  of  which  event 
an  account  being  brought  to  town  by  express,  colonel  Bane,  the 
tame  night,  moved  (in  the  house  i^ooaunons)  an  humble  addresa 
to  his  Majesty,  requesting  that  the  remains  of  the  late  Earl  of 
Chatham  might  be  buried  at  the  public  expense.  He  was 
aeoonded  by  Mr.  Thomas  Townshend,  and  both  these  gentlemen 
made  pathetic  speeches  upon  the  occasion,  which  do  hoaoor  to 
thdr  patriotic  sentiments,  to  their  feelings  as  men,  and  to  their 
gratitude  as  good  subjects  and  citizens  of  the  state.  Mr.  Rigby 
could  not  avoid  declaring  his  conviction  of  the  great  abilities  of 
Lord  Chatham,  and  of  the  eminent  services  he  had  performed  for 
his  country  J  but,  with  his  usual  art,  he  made  an  attempt  to  get 
rid  of  the  motion,  by  proposing  another  for  a  monument,  as  the 
properest  token  of  national  respect  for  the  deceased.  Mr.  Dun* 
Sling,  perceiviDg  his  design,  very  judiciously  observed,  that  the 
two  oQotions  were  compatible  with  each  other,  and  therefore  he 
proposed  an  amendment,  by  adding,  after  the  words  ibterred, 

■ 

''  and  a  monument  erected  at  the  public  expense."  Lord  N<Mrth, 
who  had  left  the  house  before  this  business  commenced^  returned, 
and  declared  his  opinion  in  favour  of  the  amendment,  which  he 
hoped  would  be  carried  unanimously.  The  question  then  being 
put  upon  the  amendment,  it  passed  accordingly.  The  original 
motion  thus  amended,  was  then  put  in  the  following  words: 
''  That  an  humble  address  be  presented  to  bis  Majesty^  requesting 
that  he  will  be  graciously  pleased  to  give  directions  that  the  re- 
mains of  William  Pitt,  Earl  of  Chatham,  be  interred  at  the  public 
expense  -,  and  that  a  monument  be  erected  in  the  collegiate  church 
of  St.  Peter,  Westminster,  to  the  memory  of  that  great  and  excel- 
lent statesman,  with  an  inscription  expressive  of  the  sentiments 
of  the  people  on  so  great  and  irreparable  a  loss ;  and  to  assure  his 
Majesty  that  this  house  will  make  good  the  expend  attending 
the  same.** 

The  next  .day  the  Earl  of  Sbelburne  moved,  (in  the  house  of 
lords)  that  the  house  be  summoned  to  attend  the  funeral  of  the 
late  Earl  of  Chatham.  Lord  Hillsborough  opposed  the  motion, 
not  from  any  disrespect  to  the  memory  of  the  deceased,  who  had 
been  an  ornament  to  that  house,  but  because  it  was  unprece« 
dented,  being  an  honour  never  conferred  but  on  the  noanes  of 
princes.  The  question  being  put,  the  motion  was  thrown  out  by 
a  majority  of  only  one.vote. 

On  May  I3tb,  Lord  North  (in  the  house  of  commons)  de* 
livered  a  message  from  his  Majesty,  ix^forming  the  house^  that 


EkKL  OP  CHATHAM.  tfl 

prcqper  directions  thodd  be  given  for  Lord  Chatham's  fbnenl, 
agreeable  to  their  request. 

Lord  John  Cavendish  took  this  opportooitf  to  remind  tlie 
hoose^  that  the  inunortal  Chatham  had  signalised  himself  as  much 
bj  his  disinterestedness^  as  by  his  zeal  and  abilities^  the  conse* 
qnence  of  wliich  was,  that  he  had  made  no  provision  for  hia 
fiimily,  while  he  devoted  his  time  and  services  to  the  publie  wel- 
fare, and  therefore  hoped  the  gratitude  of  the  hoase  woold  be  ex* 
tended  to  his  descendants.  Lord  North  acknowledged  the  pro^ 
priety  of  the  propontion;  and  declared  he  would  support  with  plea- 
sure,  anj  motion  that  might  be  made  in  favour  of  the  family. 
Mr.  Thomas  Townshend  then  moved  an  address  to  his  Majesty, 
''  tint  he  would  be  graciously  pleased  to  make  such  a  lasting  pro- 
vision for  the  iBimily  of  the  late  William  Pitt,  Earl  of  Chatham,  as 
his  Majesty  in  his  wisdom  and  liberality  should  think  fit,  as  a 
mark  of  the  sense  the  nation  entertains  of  the  services  done  to 
the  kingdom  by  that  able  statesman }  and  to  assure  bis  Majesty 
that  the  house  would  make  good  the  same.'*  Lord  Nugent, 
colonel  Barre,  Mr.  Montague,  and  other  gentlemen,  supported 
this  motion,  and  enforced  the  propriety  of  a  liberal  settlement  on 
the  family,  by  affectionate  and  pathetic  declamations  on  the  un- 
rivalled abilities  and  merits  of  the  departed  statesman ;  alter  which 
the  motion  passed  unanimously. 

On  May  2l6t,  the  house  in  a  committee  appointed  for  that 
purpose.  Sir  George  Savile  in  the  chair,  took  into  consideration 
his  Majesty^s  answer  to  thdr  address  re^>ecting  a  provision  for 
the  family  of  the  late  Earl  of  Chatham,  which  answer  bad  been 
communicated  to  the  house  the  day  before,  by  Lord  North,  and 
contained  in  substance,  "  that  his  Majesty  had  been  graciously 
pleased  to  grant  to  the  present  Earl  and  to  the  heirs  of  the  body 
of  the  late  William  Pitt,  to  whom  the  Earldom  of  Chatham  may 
descend,  an  annuity  of  4000/.  per  ann.  payable  out  of  the  civU 
list  revenue  $  but  that  his  Majesty,  not  having  it  in  his  power  to 
extend  the  efiect  of  this  grant  bejrond  the  term  of  his  own  litis, 
leoommended  it  to  the  house  to  consider  of  a  proper  method  of 
extending,  securing,  and  annexing  the  same  to  the  Earldom,  &c." 
Whereupon  a  motion  was  made  by  Mr.  T.  Townshend  to  come 
to  a  lesdution  to  grant  the  said  annuity  in  perpetuity  to  the  hdn 
of  the  deceased  Earl  to  whom  that  titie  should  descend;  and  thb 
nsoloUon  haviiq;  passed  unanimously,  was  reported  to  the  house 
and  agreed  to^  and  a  UU  ordered  in  acoorcUngly,  which  passed 


i 


J 


(to  PBEBAGS  OF  ENGLAND.     . 

through  both  houses  and  received  the  rojal  assent  in  the  ooiuie  of 
the  following  week,"  ^ 

The  sheriA  of  London^  on  Itfay  21st^  presented  to  the  hoose 
•f  oonunons  a  petition  iirom  the  c(»ponit]on»  suggesting  an  bnmblfl 
wish  that  bis  Lordship's  remains  might  be  interred  in  the  cathe* 
dral  of  St.  Ptol's.  The  petition  was  remarkable  for  the  decencj 
and  d^nce  in  which  it  was  cooched,  and  met  with  a  general 
approbation ;  hut,  onaoconnt  of  the  before-mentiond  address,  conld 
not  be  complied  with. 

A  general  wish  to  pay  the  last  token  of  respect  to  the  manes 
of  a  most  able  and  honest  minister,  seemed  to  prevail  amongst  all 
orders  of  the  people ;  the  delay  in  the  preparations  for  the  foneral 
occasioned  bj  several  unavoidable  incidents,  served  only  to  ruse 
the  expectations  of  the  public ;  therefore  as  soon  as  it  was  known 
that  free  admission  would  be  allowed  to  see  the  body  lie  in  state, 
the  ooDooiirse  of  people  was  astonishing.  Only  two  days  were 
allotted  for  this  melancholy  spectacle,  and  as  these  were  Whit*> 
Sunday  and  Monday,  great  part  of  the  populace,  absorbed  in  the 
usual  amusements  of  those  days,  lost  the  opportunity;  and,  owing 
to  the  same  circumstance,  the  crowd,  though  very  great,  was  not 
excessive  the  next  day  at  the  funeral. 

The  body  lay  in  the  painted  chamber :  the  long  gallery  upon 
this  occasion  was  hung  with  black  cloth,  and  illuminated  with 
common  candles  in  black  lackered  sconces  -,  the  people  were  ad- 


*  On  the  third  rea^a  of  the  bill,  In  the  house  of  pecn»  on  Jane  idi  it 
met  with  a  smaU  opposition,  froundcd  upon  the  inconveniences  of  establish- 
ing a  precedent!  and  the  want  of  economy  at  a  crisis  when  the  expenses  of 
the  nation  for  public  services  at  home  and  abroad  required  parsimony,  and 
great  attention  not  to  burthen  the  people  by  additional  taxes.  The  Duke  of 
Richmondt  the  Earls  Shdbume  and  RjKinor»  and  the  Lords  Camden  and 
Lyttelton  supported  the  bill,  and  in  their  speeches  bestowed  the  greatest  en- 
comiums on  the  deceased  Earl,  particularly  extolling  his  liberal,  disinterested 
ideas,  which  had  prevented  him,  while  in  office,  amassing  such  a  princely  for* 
tune  as  is  usually  aecumulated  by  prime  ministers.  It  therefore  became  iiw 
«ttmbent  on  a  grateful  nation  to  provide  for  his  descendants,  who  might  be* 
come  hereditary  possessors  of  a  title  conferred  on  their  inunortal  ancestor  for 
his  eminent  services  to  the  state ;  and  it  was  remarked,  that  there  was  but 
little  danger  of  establishing  a  precedent  by  this  grant,  since  a  second  states- 
man of  equal  abilities  would  hardly  be  found  in  a  century ;  but  if  this  country 
ahould  fortunately  be  blest  with  such  another,  a  small  portion  of  the  public 
xevenue  could  net  be  more  worthily  employed  than  in  making  a  proper  recom- 
pence  to  his  heirs,  for  the  sacrifice  of  health,  fortune,  and  every  private  con- 
ttderation,  to  the  good  of  his  country.  Upon  putting  thftquestion,  that  tMs 
bUl  do  pass*  the  contents  were  4a ;  non  contents  1 1 . 


EARL  OF  CHATHAM.  69 

miUed  through  this  gallery  to  the  painted  chamber,  which  was 
likewise  hung  with  black  doth,  but  decorated  in  a  more  sump- 
tuous manner.  On  each  side,  and  at  the  lower  end  of  the  room» 
were  double  rows  of  small  escutcheons  of  the  arms  of  the  deceased 
Earl,  blazoned  on  vellum  >  and  above  and  beneath  them,  rows  of 
wax  lights  in  degant  sconces  washed  with  silver.  At  the  upper 
end  of  the  room  was  a  lofty  canopy  of  black  cloth,  carried  up  to 
the  ceiling  ^  and  in  the  centre  of  the  front  valance,  was  an  Earl's 
coronet  properly  blazoned ;  about  halfway  down  the  tester  cloth, 
under  the  canopy,  was  a  large  achievement,  with  the  family  arms 
also  emblazoned,  and  illuminated  by  two  elegant  silvered  giran- 
doles. 

The  corpse  was  placed  on  a  bier  at  a  sufficient  distance  from 
the  canopy  for  persons  to  pass  round  it.  The  outer  coffin  (not 
exposed  to  view)  was  superb,  being  covered  with  black  velvet, 
and  adorned  with  handles  of  tuttenag,  (an  Indian  metal,)  double 
gilt  3  and  on  the  plates  into  which  the  handles  were  set.  Earl's 
coronets  engraved.  The  nails  of  the  same  metal  ^ere  innumer- 
able 3  and  the  inscription  plate,  by  which  it  appeared  that  the 
Earl  was  born  November  15th,  17O8,  and  died  on  the  llth  of 
May,  1778,  was  elegantly  wrought  in  silver  gilt.  Over  his  coffin, 
as  it  lay  in  state,  was  a  velvet  pall,  adorned  with  eight  escutcheons 
of  the  family  arms ;  the  Earl's  coronet  was  placed  on  a  black 
velvet  cushion,  sometimes  on  tjie  corpse,  at  others  on  a  stool  at 
the  head.  Five  large  silver  chandeliers,  with  thick  wax  tapers, 
placed  on  high  stands,  covered  with  black,  enlightened  each  side, 
and  gave  a  distinct  view  of  the  persoiis,  who  officiated  as  repre- 
sentatives of  the  chief  mourners,  and  of  the  servants  of  the  de- 
ceased ;  and,  finally,  in  different  parts  of  the  room  were  a  number 
of  the  undertaker's  men,  and  some  peace  officers  to  regulate  the 
ingress  and  egress  of  the  numerous  spectators  i  these  were  dressed 
in  black,  and  had  white  staves  to  distinguish  the^. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  Tuesday  the  9th  of  June,  three  hun- 
dred of  the  foot  guards  were  stationed  within  a  temporary  railing 
erected  from  Westminster-hall,  across  New  Palace-yard,  through 
part  of  Parliament-street,  Bridge-street,.  King-street,  and  round 
St.  Margaret's  churchyard,  to  the  west  door  of  jthe  abbey.  About 
two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  the  procession  began  to  move  from 
the  painted  chamber,  and  came  out  of  Westminster^hall  in  the 
following  order. 


I 


04  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

The  bigh  constaMe  of  Westminster 

in  monrnii^  with  a  black  silk  hat-band  and  scarfs  which  was  the 

dreiM  of  all  the  nobility  and  gentry^  except  the  mourners. 

Messenger  to  the  college  of  arms^ 

with  the  insignia  of  his  office. 

Twelve  men  condnctors  in  pnrple  doaks, 

carrying  black  staves  headed  with  Earl's  coronets,  two 

and  two. 

Seventy  poor  men  in  cloaks,  with  badges  of  the 

Crest  of  Pitt  on  their  shoulders,  and  black  staves  in 

their  hands.    . 

A  pursuivant. 

THE   STANDARD. 

Servants  to  such  relations  of  the  deceased  as  attended  the 

funeral,  and  servants  to  the  deceased,  in  deep  mourning, 

but  vnthout  cloaks. 

Dr.  Brocklesby> 

Physician  to  the  deceased. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Fordyce  and  Mr.  Wilson, 

as  chaplains. 

Officers  who  attended  the  body  when  it  lay  in  state,  in 

dose  mourning. 
Gentlemen  and  Esquires,  two  and  two,  in  moarning  full  dressed, 

about  fifty. 
About  twenty  members  of  the  House  of  Commons,  amongst 

whom  was  General  Burgoyne. 

A  banner  of  the  Barony  of  Chatham. 

Lord  Amhent,  Knight  of  the  Bath,  wearing  the  ribbon,  but  not 

the  collar  of  his  order,  under  his  scarf. 

The  Dukes  of  Manchester  and  Northumberland. 

The  Marquis  of  Rockingham, 

Knigh^  of  the  Garter,  wearing  his  ribbon  under  his  scarf, 

and  the  garter  on  his  leg,  but  no  collar. 

A  pursnivant. 

THE  GREAT  BANNER, 

borne  by  Colonel  Barre. 

Tho  helmet  and  crest  by  a  herald. 

The  sword  and  target  by  another. 

The  BuroQat  covered  op  in  black  doth  by  another. 

Thft  coronet,  op  a  black  vdvet  cushion,  by  a  king  at  arms, 

between  gentlemen  nsherii  with  black  batons. 


EARL  OF  CHATHAM.     *  <i5 

•   THE    BODY, 

as  it  lay  in  state. 

vith  the  additioQ  of  a  black  velvet  canopy  borne    £ 

over  It.  'g    j^ 

3  s  S  The  Pall  supported  by  Sir  George  Savtlle,  g  ^S 

^^S     EdmoDd  Burke,  Esq.  I  John  DonniDg,  Esq.;  and     i  §  | 

F    Si  The  Rt.  Hon.  Thomas  TowDshend.  §*"'^ 

^  Garter,  King  at  Arms,  % 

between  a  Gentleman  Usher  and  the  Black  Rod. 

Chief  mourner, 

Snpporter.     ,  The  Hon.  Wm,  Pitt, ,  Suppwtcr. 

I.om  MahoD,  son-in-  .  .      ,  .    T,  Pitt,  Esq.  nephew 

law  to  the  deceased-  secood  son  to  the  deceased.       to  the  deceased. 

ASSISTANT   MOURNERS. 

All  with  their  hair  dishevelled. 

The  Earls  of  Shelburne,  Effingham,  Radnor,  Abingdon, 

Harcourt,  Cholmondeley,  and  Ferrers.    Viscounts, 

Lord  Townshend.     Barons,  Lord  Camden. 

Banner  of  the  crest  of  Pitt* 

Lord  Mountmorres,  Sir  Watkyn  William  Wynne, 

The  Hon.  George  and  James  Grenville,  Esqrs. 

All  relaticms  of  the  deceased. 

A  banner,  representing  Britannia  weeping,  and  bearing  in  a  shield, 

.the  aims  of  the  deceased. 

Servants  to  close  the  procession. 

His  Lordship's  body  was  interred  in  the  north  cross  of  the 
abbey,  opposite  the  Duke  of  Newcastle's  monument. 

It  may  be  worth  while  to  insert  the  following  summary  cha- 
racter of  him. 

He  first  was  a  coroet  of  horse,  "  which,  with  a  small  annuity 
£rom  his  family,  was  bis  only  provision,  till  he  obtained  a  legacy 
of  10,000 /.  from  the  Duchess  of  Marlborough.  From  family  con- 
nection, and  early  habits,  he  formed  a  strict  intimacy  with  his 
school-fellows,  Lyttelton^  and  the  Grenvilles ;  attached  himself  to 
Lord  Cobbam ;  and  becanae  a  partizan  of  Leicester- house.  In 
1736,  he  came  into  parliament  for  Old  Sarum^  a.nd  instantly 
comnoenced  his  opposition  to  Sir  Robert  Walpole.  His  bitter  in- 
vectives drew  on  him  the  resentment  of  the  minister 3  and  he 
was  deprived  of  his  cornetcy  5  but  was  recompensed  by  his  own 
party,  with  the  appointment  of  groom  of  the  bed*chamber^  to  the 
Prince  of  Wales."  **   In  1746,  he  was  made  joint  vice  treasurer  of 

«  Coie. 

VOL,  Y,  F 


66  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Ireland^  and  afterward^^  treasurer  aod  paymaster  of  the  army.  On 
December  4th,  1756,  after  many  disappointments,  he  was,  on  the 
change  of  administration,  which  took  place  by  the  resignation  of 
the  Duke  of  Newcastle,  made  secretary  of  state,  in  the  room  of 
Henry  Fox,  which  post  he  held,  except  an  interval  of  a  few  weeks, 
in  1757,  till  October  5th,  1761,  not  only  to  his  own  honour,  bat 
Co  the  lasting  benefit  of  the  nation ;  which  he  raised  at  once,  b7 
his  bold  and  energetic  genius,  from  a  point  of  depression,  to  a 
pitch  of  unexampled  glory.  On  his  resignation  of  the  seals,  his  wife 
was  created  Baroness  Chatham  ;  and  he  had  himself  a  grant 
of  an  annuity  of  3000 /..a  year,  during  his  own  life,  and  those  of 
"Lady  Chatham,  and  his  eldest  son  John,  now  Earl  of  Chatham. 
In  1766,  the  Rockingham  administration  being  found  incapable, 
,  cither  from  want  of  strength  or  talent,  to  manage  the  helm,  Mr. 
Pitt  was  called  to  form  a  new  ministry ;  of  which  the  Duke  of 
Graftop  was  pat  at  the  head,  while  Mr.  Pitt  was  created  Viscount 
Pitt,  and  Earl  of  Chatham,  on  July  30th,  and  took  the  office  of 
lord  privy-seal,  which  he  held  till  November  2d,  176S.    The  ac- 
ceptance of  a  peerage  lost  him  much  of  his  popularity,  which  he 
never  totally  recovered  3  an  eflfect,  which  does  not  seem  founded 
in  reason.    His  death,  on  May  11th,  1778,  the  consequence  of. 
his  eloquent  efforts  in  the  house  of  lords  against  conceding  the  in- 
dependence of  America,  a  few  weeks  before,  is  known  to  all  the 
world.    It  has  been  well  remarked,  that  ''  Lord  Chatham  was  a 
man  of  an  elegant,  an  ardent,  and  an  exalted  understanding.     He 
took  no  delight  in  that  minuteness  of  detail,  which  occupies  the 
mind  without  enlarging  it.    He  was  not  a  man  of  much  various, 
and  general  knowledge  ^  but  the  powers  of  his  mind,  like  the  soul 
of  the  Dervise,  in  the  *^  Arabian  Nights  Entertainments,**  seem 
to  have  been  entirely  under  the  command  of  bis  will ;  he  could 
throw  them  into  whatever  subject  it  was  necessary  they  should 
embrace.** '    Coxe  observes,  that  *'  his  speeches  were  not  so  re- 
markable for  methodical  arrangement  and  logical  precision,  as  for 
boldness  of  language,  grandeur  of  sentiment,  and  the  graces  of 
metaphorical  and  classical  allusion.'*      ''  His  inviectives,*'  says 
l,ord  Chesterfield,  "  were  terrible  j  and  uttered  with  such  energy 
of  diction,  and  stern  dignity  of  action  and  countenance,  that  he 
intimidated  those,  who  were  the  most  willing,  and  the  least  able 
to  encounter  them.    Their  arms  fell  out  of  their  hands ;  and  they 
shrunk  under  the  ascendant  of  his  sublime  genius." 

f  Seward. 


EARL  OF  CHATHAM.  67 

On  Mr.  Pitt*8  resignation,  1761,  Dr.  Bisset  observes;/'  had 
ihis  extraordinary  statesman  condescended  to  employ  a  softer  and 
more  conciliating  mode  of  conduct^  he  might  perhaps  have  won 
over  a  majority  of  his  colleagues  to  his  opinion,:  but  the  experi- 
ment was  not  tried.  Being  outvoted  in  the  council,  he  resigned 
bis  employment  into  the  hands  of  his  sovereign.  His  Majesty  de^ 
clared  his  concern  for  the  loss  of  so  very  able  a  servant ;  but  with*^ 
out  requesting  him  to  resume  his  office.  He  offered  him  any  re- 
tvard  in  the  power  of  the  crown  to  bestow ;  at  the  same  time  he 
expressed  himself  satisfied  with  the  opinion  of  the  majority  of  his 
council ;  and  even  declared,  that,  had  the  council  concurred  with 
Mr.  Pitt,  be  should  have  found  it  difficult  bow  to  act  in  the  light 
in  which  he  viewed  the  subject.  The  King  did  not  conceive  Spain 
to  have  exhibited  any  clear  proofs  of  hostile  intentions  ;  and  en- 
tertaining such  a  view,  he  could  neither  think  it  just  nor  prudent 
to  commence  a  war.  Having  therefore  with  the  greatest  conde- 
scension explained  his  sentiments,  (sentiments,  that,  in  the  light 
in  which  he  regarded  the  matters  in  question,  do  him  the  greatest 
honour)  Mr.  Pitt  was  extremely  affected  by  the  united  dignity 
and  goodness  of  his  sovereign.  The  following  day,  a  pension  of 
3000/.  a  year  was  settled  on  Mr.  Pitt  for  three  lives,  and  at  tiie 
same  time  a  title  upon  his  lady  and  her  issue.  This  pension  sub- 
jected the  acceptor  to  much  frivolous  and  contemptible  obloquy^ 
Air.  Pitt's  original  fortune  was  small ;  the  situation  into  which  he 
had  been  advanced  by  his  abilities,  required  great  expenditure ; 
his  powerful  mind  engaging  him  in  momentous  politics,  and 
grasping  the  interest  of  his  country  and  other  nations,  he  had 
bestowed  too  little  attention  on  his  own  pecuniary  affairs,  so  that 
he  was  very  far  from  being  in  afHuent  circumstances :  he  had 
during  a  most  arduous  conjuncture,  served  his  country  in  the 
highest  stations  which  he  could  occupy;  and  having  found  her  in 
a  state  of  unexampled  humiliation,  he  left  her  in  a  state  of  unest- 
ampled  exaltation.  Such  a  man  deserved  reward.  All  the  ribald- 
rous  invectives  poured  out  against  his  acceptance  of  this  annuity^ 
maybe  answered  in  a  few  words;  as  a  supply  it  was  wanted)  as 
a  recompence  it  was  fairly  earned, 

**  Mr.  Pitt's  resignation  of  an  employment  in  which  his  conti- 
bnance  would  have  promoted  the  most  momentous  interests  of  his 
country,  cannot  easily  be  justified.  From  his  wisdom,  his  country 
might  have  expected  that  he  would  have  overlooked  an  opposi- 
tion of  opinion  in  a  case  which  very  fairly  admitted  of  two  con- 
stmctioDs^  though  be  was  eventually  proved  to  be  right  3  that  his 


68  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

patriotism  would  have  induced  him  to  have  employed  his  talents 
even  though  every  particular  measure 'adopted  might  not  be 
agreeable  to  bis  views ;  and  that  his  magnanimttj  would  over- 
look what  he  might  suppose  personal  competitions.  But  whatever 
sentiments  were  entertained  ri^spccting  Mr.  Pitt's  going  out 
of  office^  every  impartial  man  agreed,  that  a  greater  minister  had 
never  acted  under  a  sovereign  of  England.  Lofty  in  genius,  pro- 
found in  wisdom,  and  expansive  in  views;  inventive  in  counsel, 
l)old  in  resolution,  and  decisive  in  conduct,  he  long  overbore  party 
by  unequalled  ability.  Sagacious  in  tlie  discovery  of  general  and 
official  character,  he  discerned  the  fit.test  instruments  for  the  ex- 
ecution of  his  plans;  and  employing  none  in  offices  of  high  poli- 
tical, naval^  or  militar}'  trust,  but  tliose  whom  he  knew  to  be 
thoroughly  qualified  for  effecting  the  purpose,,  he  laid  a  sure 
foundation  for  success.  The  enterprizes  under  his  administration 
were  brilliant ;  and  the  result  was  at  once  advantageous  and  glo- 
rious. A  mind  of  such  force  of  intellectual  and  moral  qualities, 
energy  of  operation,  and  perseverance  of  exertion,  which  had  in 
its  powers  and  endowments  no  motives  for  artifice  or  disguise, 
perhaps  bestowed  too  little  care  to  conceal  from  others  that  supe- 
riority, which  it  so  transcendently  possessed.  A  little  more  in- 
dulgence for  common  understandings,  and  somewhat  less  of  aus  • 
terity  of  temper  and  of  inflexibility  of  disposition,  might  have 
preserved  this  illustrious  man  to  the  councils  of  his  country,  i 

Dr.  Bisset  gives  the  following  account  of  Lord  Chatham's 
death. 

**  His  Lordship  had  that  session  frequently  attended  the  house 
of  peers,  less  from  the  relaxation  of  distemper,  than  from  the 
calls  of  duty,  which  the  increasing  calamities  of  his  country  made 
him  consider  every  day  more  imperious.  In  a  bodily  state  fitted 
only  for  the  stillness  and  quiet  of  a  bed  of  sickness,  he  encountered 
the  active  warfare  of  the  senate,  hoping  his  counsels  might  at 
length  be  admitted  by  those  who  were  experiencing  such  evils 
from  former  rejection,  and  intractability,  and  that,  in  his  old  age, 
he  might  contribute  to  restore  part  of  the  prosperity,  greatness 
and  glory,  which  he  had  acquu-ed  for  his  country  in  the  vigour  of 
his  life,  and  which  lefl  her  when  he  ceased  to  guide  her  affairv. 
Hit  exertion,  in  the  former  part  of  the  session,  so  much  beyond 
his  bodily  strength,  had  increased  his  distemper ;  but,  informed 
of  th«  business  that  was  to  be  agitated,  and  aware  of  the  doctrines 

■  BUseTs  reiin  of  Geo.  III.  vol.  I  p.  300^30%.. 


EARL  OF  CHATHAM.  63 

which  would  be  brought  forward,  he  though  it  incumbent  on 
himself  to  render  it  manifest  to  the  world,  that  though  he  agreed 
with  the  Marquis  of  Rockingham  and  his  adherents  in  reprobat- 
ing the  system  of  ministryi  he  totally  differed  from  them  on  the 
question  of  American  independence.  He  accordingly  betook  him* 
self  to  the  senate,  of  which,  for  near  half  a  century,  he  had  been 
the  brightest  luminary.  Having  arrived  in  the  house^  he  refreshed 
himself  in  the  lord  chancellor's  room,  until  he  learned  that  busi- 
ness was  about  to  begin.  The  infirm  statesman  was  led  into  the 
house  of  peers,  attended  by  his  son-in-law^  Lord  Mahon,  and  rest- 
ing on  the  arm  of  bis  second  son  Mr.  William  Pitt.  He  was 
richly  dressed  in  a  superb  suit  of  black  velvet,  with  a  full  wig, 
and  covered  up  to  the  knees  in  flannel*  He  was  pale  and  ema- 
ciated, but  the  darling  quickness,  force,  and  animation  of  his  eyes, 
and  the  expression  of  his  whole  countenance,  shewed '  that  his 
mind  retained  its  primeval  perspicacity,  brilliancy,  and  strength. 
The  lords  stood  up,  and  made  a  lane  for  him  to  pass  through  to 
the  bench  of  the  Earls,  and  with  the  gracefulne-ss  of  deportment 
for  which  he  was  so  eminently  distinguished,  he  bowed  to  them 
as  he  proceeded.  Having  taken  hb  seat,  he  listened  with  the  most 
profound  attention  to  the  speech  of  the  Duke  of  Richmond. 
When  his  Grace  had  finished.  Lord  Chatham  rose ;  he  lamented 
that  at  so  important  a  crisis,  his  bodily  infirmities  had  interfered 
10  often  with  his  regular  attendance  on  his  duty  in  parliament. 
**  1  have  this  day  (said  he)  made  an  effort  beyond  the  powers  of 
my  constitution,  to  come  down  to  the  house,  perhaps  the  last 
time  I  sliall  enter  its  walls,  to  express  my  indignation  against  the 
proposition  of  yielding  the  sovereignty  of  America.  My  lords,  1 
rejoice  that  the  grave  has  not  closed  upon  me,  that  I  am  still  alive 
to  lift  up  my  voice  against  the  dismemberment  of  this  ancient 
and  noble  monarchy.  Pressed  down  as  I  am  by  the  load  of  in- 
firmity, I  am  little  able  to  assist  my  country  in  this  most  perilous 
conjuncture  3  but,  my  lords,  while  T  have  sense  and  memory,  I 
never  will  consent  to  tarnish  the  lustre  of  this  nation  by  an  igno- 
minious surreoddr  of  its  rights  and  fairest  possessions.  Shall  a 
people  80  lately  the  terror  of  the  world,  now  fall  prostrate  before 
the  house  of  Bourbon  ?  It  is  impossible.  I  am  not,  I  confess, 
well  informed  of  the  resources  of  this  kingdom ;  but  I  trust  it  has 
still  sufficiept  to  maintain  its  just  rights,  though  I  know  them 

- ' » 

not  3  and  any  state,  my  lords,  is  better  than  despair.  L,et  us  at 
least  make  one  effort)  and,  if  we  must  fall,  let  us  fall  like 
men.** 


70  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

''  The  Duke  of  Richmond  declared  his  grief  and  horror  at  the 
dismemberment  of  the  empire  to  be  as  great  as  that  of  any  man 
in  the  house  or  nation,  but  how  was  it  to  be  avoided  ?  he  himself 
was  totally  ignorant  of  the  means  of  resisting  with  success  the 
combination  of  America  with  France  and  Spain.  He  did  not 
know  how  to  preserve  the  dependence  of  America.  If  any  person 
could  prevent  such  an  evil.  Lord  Chatham  was  the  man;  but 
what  were  the  means  that  great  statesman  would  propose.  Lord 
Chatham,  agitated  by  this  appeal,  made  an  eager  effort  at  its  con- 
clusion to  rise  j  but  before  he  could  utter  a  word,  pressing  his 
band  to  his  heart,  he  fell  down  in  a  convulsive  fit.  Tlie  Duke  of 
Cumberland  and  Lord  Temple,  who  were  nearest  him,  caught 
him  in  their  arms.  The  house  was  immediately  in  commotion, 
strangers  were  ordered  (o  depart,  and  the  house  was  adjourned. 
Lord  Chatham  being  carried  into  an  adjoining  apartment,  medical 
assistance  soon  arrived.  Recovering  in  some  degree,  he  was  con- 
veyed in  a  litter  to  his  villa  at  Hayes  in  Kent,  where  he  lingered 
till  the  11th  of  May,  when  he  breathed  his  last,  in  the  seventieth 
year  of  his  age. 

'*  Thus  died  William  Pitt,  Earl  of  Chatham  3  his  death  being 
hastened  by  his  efforts  to  save  his  country,  whose  interest  and 
glory  it  had  been  the  business  of  his  life  to  promote.  Many  as 
are  the  examples  of  uncommon  ability  which  English  history  pre- 
sents, she  has  none  to  record  more  brilliant,  more  forcible,  or  more 
beneficial  to  the  time  in  which  it  operated.  Surpassing  other 
senators  in.  glowing,  energetic,  and  commanding  eloquence,  he 
still  farther  exceeded  them  in  political  wisdom ;  astonishing  par^ 
liament  as  an  orator,  he  astonished  the  nation  ai^d  all  mankind  as 
a  statesman.  Rarely  have  been  united  in  the  same  person,  such 
powers  of  thought,  and  speech,  and  action.  Grasping  the  principles, 
circumstances,  and  relations  to  be  considered  and  discussed,  he 
instantaneously  perceived  the  arguments  to  be  adduced  in  delibe- 
ration, or  the  means  to  be  employed  in  conduct.  Sagacious  to 
discover,  rapid  and  powerful  to  invent  and  combine,  luminous 
and  strong  to  explain  and  impress,  he  was  decisive  and  prompt  in 
execution.  He  not  only  discerned  and  chose  effectual  means,  but 
applied  them  at  the  instant  of  tima-which  was  most  fiivourable  to 
their  efficacy.  Thoroughly  master  of  the  human  character,  be 
perfectly  comprehended  the  general  and  peculiar  talents  and  qua- 
lities of  all,  with  whom  either  accident,  inclination,  or  duty  in- 
duced him  to  converse.  Hence  he  selected  the  fittest  instru- 
ments for  executing,  in  the  manifold  departments  of  public  servicCji 


EABL  OF  CHATHAM.  :  ;i 

biswise,  bold,  and  sublime  plans.  Not  bis  intellectual- powers 
only,  bnt  the. estimation  resulting  from  these,  in  union  with  his 
moral  conduct,  gave  to  Mn  Pitt  an  authority  far  transcending 
that  of  other  ministers :  inaccessible  to  avarice,  unseduced  by 
pleasure  and  luxupf,  the  abstinence  of  his  dispositions,  and  the 
temperance  of  his  habits,  confirmed  that  confidence,  which  his 
wisdom  and  magnanimity  created.  Destined  for  the  army,  he  did 
not  receive  an  academic  education.  The  groundwork  of  erudition 
was  indeed  laid  in  classical  knowledge ;  ^  but  the  superstructure 
was  left  to  himself.  His  studies  were  ethics,  poetry,  eloquence^ 
hbtory,  and  politics ;  especially  the  history  and  politics  of  his 
country.  Thus  he  was,  in  a  great  measure,  self-taught.  His 
genius,  though  extraordinary  in  force  and  fertility,  and  enriched 
with  ample  materials,  net  being  disciplined  in  proportion  to  its 
capacity  and  knowledge,  did  not  habitually  exert  itself  in  close 
deduction ;  ^  but,  for  grandeur  of  conception  ^nd  comprehensive- 
ness of  views,  force  of  reasoning,  depth  of  conclusion,  and  sagacity 
of  prediction  5  strength  and  sublimity  of  imagery,  appositeness  of 
allusion ;  for  pathetic  in  every  kind  a  variety  5  for  wielding  at 
will  the  judgment,  fancies,  and  passions  of  his  hearers,  William 
Pitt  stood  tmri vailed.  But  his  wisdom,  magnanimity,  and  eneigy, 
are  roost  clearly  beheld  in  their  effects.  At  the  beginning  of  the 
seven  years  war,  the  nation,  perceiving  their  country  neglected  by 
ministers,  her  army  discomfited  and  inglorious,  and  her  spirits, 
drooping  and  desponding,  called  on  Mr.  Pitt  for  relief.  Unsup- 
ported by  court -interest,  obnoxious  to  the  confederacy  which  had 
long  prevailed,  his  genius  overpowered  intrigue.  He  came  to  the 
highest  office,  when  none  by  holding  it  could  save  the  state. 
Having  risen  exclusively  J>y  ability  himself,  bis  chief  object  vvas 

• 

h  <•  At  Eaton,  where  he  was  the  cotemporary  and  friend  of  Lyttelton  and 
riclding  " 

*  **  Reasoning  does  not  merely  depend  upon  power,  but  on  power  oonfirmed 
and  facilitated  by  habit.  £very  able  man  is  not  necessarily  an  habitual  logi* 
cian  i  nor  is  every  age  and  country  which  exhibits  works  of  great  ability,  ne* 
cessarily  eminent  for  ratiocinative  efforts.  In  the  reign  of  George  the  Second, 
close  argument  was  not  the  princi|>al  characteristic  of  our  senatorial  oratory ; 
brilliant  and  powerful  images  to  charm  the  fancy,  pathetic  descriptions  abd 
cxbibfrioos  to  impress  the  feelings,  aided  by  graceful  elocution  and  delivery 
to  strike  the  senses,  were  much  more  prominent  in  the  most  approved  models, 
than  an  unbroken  chain  of  antecedents  and  consequences  merely  conducting 
truth  to  the  understanding.  Thus  the  state  of  the  senate  encouraged  that 
mode  of  eloquences  which  the  early  studies  and  pursvits  of  Mr.  Pitt  tended 
to  bestow." 


73  P1ERA6B  OF  ENGLAND. 

• 
to  bring  every  kind  of  ability  into  ac&>n  which  could  be  bene^ 

fidal  to  the  country  j  disdaining  to  govern  by  partieft»  heabsoibed 
them  all  into  his  own  vortex.  From  torpidity^  weak  defeat,  dis- 
grace^ and  dejection,  he  changed  the  condition  of  the  nalion  to' 
ardonr,  strength^  victory,  glory,  and  triumph.  Nor  did  BrttaiD 
by  lier  affection,  gratitude,  and  admiration,  or  Europe  by  her  as* 
tonisbment,  bear  stronger  testimonies  of  his  exalted  merit,  than 
France  by  her  hatred  and  terror  for  the  name  of  Pitt.  As  Britain 
flourished  while  this  statesman  conducted  her  councils,  from  the 
time  his  direction  ceased,  her  decline  commenced ',  but,  as  he  had 
caused  her  elevation  by  his  own  wisdom  and  vigour,  he  endea* 
voured  to  prevent  her  downfall  through  the  rashness,  folly,  and 
weakness  of  others.  From  the  rise  of  this  innovating  system  of 
colonial  policy,  he  perceived  iu  tendency ;  and  foresaw  and  fore- 
told its  effects.  He  tried  to  avert  the  evil,  but  his  attempts  were 
vain  :  a  feeble  body,  a  constitution  debilitated  by  intense  appli- 
cation, and  labouring  under  a  grievous  malady,  obstructed  bis  re» 
gular  attendance  in  parliament,  to  deprecate  pernicious  measures} 
but,  when  he  did  appear,  his  speeches  deserved  record  as  the  em* 
pliatic  dictates  of  prophesying  wisdom.  Nature  arrayed  tran- 
scendency of  genius,  and  grandeur  of  80ul>  in  pleasing  and  striking 
colours,  and  bestowed  on  this  favourite  son,  an  animated  and  ex- 
pressive countenance,  a  tall  and  graceful  figure,  with  a  dignified 
mien  and  deportment. 

"  This  statesman  possessed  ambition  in  conmson  with  other 
great  minds  that  are  engagsed  in  active  life*  If,  however,  he  loved 
power,  it  was  neither  to  enrich  himself  nor  his  friends,  but  to  ag- 
grandize his  country  and  humble  her  enemies.  A  more  appn> 
priate  feature  in  his  character,  was  contempt  for  tame  mediocrity. 
He  perhaps  too  much  disdained  that  dexterity  and  address,  which, 
though  easily  attained^  and  no  indication  of  superior  talents,  often 
smooth  the  road  for  the  execution  of  wise  and  beneficial  plans : 
such  a  man  must  have  seen  the  inferiority  of  his  colleagues ;  but 
it  was  not  necessary  to  his  political  purposes  to  make  them  fed 
that  inferiority.  His  unbending  resolution  is  an  object  of  regret 
to  patriots,  as  it  produced  his  resignation,  when  his  services  were 
8o  essential  to  his  country.  In  the  various  relations  of  private 
life.  Lord  Chatham  was  amiable  and  estimable.  He  married  a 
lady,  whose  talents  and  character  rendered  her  worthy  of  such  a 
husband ;  whose  conversation  solaced  his  mind  in  hours  of  infir- 
mity and  pain,  and  whose  views  coincided,  and  effinrts  oo^operated, 
with  his  own,  in  the  tuition  of  their  sevorai  children.    Few  and 


lAKL  OF  CHATHAM.  73 

tmial  weie  the  Uemiilies,  whicb  mtaxAy  shewed  that  (his  e&tra* 
ordhrary  man  was  not  eaempted  from  the  imptrftfctioDs  of  huma«» 
nity }  bat  the  historian  who  desires  to  narrate  the  troths  must 
endeavour  to  hand  down  to  posterity  William  Ktt^  £arl  of  Chat- 
ham>  as  one  of  the  chief  glories  of  England. 

''  When  the  intelligence  of  Lord  Chatham's  death  arrived, 
the  house  of  Commons  being  sitting,  colonel  £arre,  in  a  concise 
but  just  eulogiom,  expressed  the  obligation  of  the  country  to  the 
deceased  statesman,  and  moved  an  address  to  his  Majesty,  for  di« 
leaions  that  his  remains  should  be  interred  at  the  public  expense : 
the  motion  received  general  approbation.  A  monument  was  also 
proposed,  and  unanimously  resolved  to  be  erected  in  Westodnster 
Abbey.  The  following  day  it  was  stated  to  the  house,  that  the 
illustrious  object  of  their  veneration,  highly  as  he  had  beneited 
the  nation,  had  been  by  no  means  equally  attentive  to  his  own 
private  fortune ;  and  that,  notwithstanding  his  opportunities,  he 
had  left  his  &mily  destitute  of  all  suitable  provision.  An  address 
was  proposed  and  voted  to  his  Majesty,  by  which  an  annuity  of 
4000/.  per  ann.  was  settled  for  ever  on  those  heirs  of  the  late  Earl 
of  Chatham,  to  whom  the  Earldom  might  descend,  and  20,000/. 
were  granted  for  the  payment  of  his  debts.*' 

On  October  l6th,  17^4,  his  Lordship  married  Hiester,  only 
daughter.of  Richard  Grenville,  Esq.  (by  his  wife  Hester  Couoteis 
Temple)  and  sister  to  the  late  Earl  Temple ;  and  by  her  Ladyship, 
who  was  Baroness  Chatham  by  creation,  on  December  4th,  1761, 
left  issue  three  sons. 

First,  John,  the  present  Earl. 

Second,  William,  bom  May  28th,  1 759. 

Third,  James  Charles,  bom  April  24th,  1761 ;  captain  of  hii 
Majesty's  sloop  Hornet,  died  in  December  178O,  at  Barbadoes. 

Also  two  daughters }  Lady  Hester,  bora  October  19th,  1755, 
and  married,  by  a  special  licence,  at  Hayes  in  Kent,  on  December 
19th,  1774,  to  Charles  Viscount  Mahon,  now  Earl  Stanhope,  and 
died  July  20th,  178O,  at  Chevering  in  Kent ;  and  Lady  Harriot, 
bom  April  15th,  1758,  married  September  28th,  1785,  the  Hon. 
Edward  James  Eliot,  eldest  son  of  the  first  Lord  Eliot,  who  died 
V.  p.  She  died  September  24  ih,  1786,  leaving  a  daughter  Harriet, 
since  married  to  lieutenant-colonel  Pringle. 

WiUiam,  second  son,  became  one  of  the  most  eminent  states^ 
men  that  this  country  ever  produced.  The  following  sketch  has 
been  g^ven  of  him. 

«'  He  was  bom  May  28th,  1 759  -,  catne  into  parliament  as  soon 
as  he  was  of  age,  in  1780 ;  and,  in  July,  1789^  was  made  Lonl 


/ 


74  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Sbellmroe*6  chancellor  of  the  Exchequer,  when  only  twent7-.thre6 
yean  old.  In  December  1783,  he  oyerthrew  the  whole  phalanx 
of  age,  power,  rank,  and  talent,  and  became  at  once  prime  mi- 
nister, in  which  office  he  con  tinned,  through  peace  and  war,  pros- 
perity and  adversity,  while  worlds  were  convulsed  aroand  him,— 
the  deepest  statesman,  the  most  effective  orator,  and  the  most  un- 
daunted minister,  this  country,  or  perhaps  any  other,  ever  expert- 
enced.  Considering  money,  honours,  and  every  .worldly  posses^ 
sion,  exc^t  that  of  virtuous  power,  as  dirt ;  he  proceeded  in  his 
mighty  course,  unseduced  by  any  of  the  allurements,  which 
weaken  other  minds,  the  prop  of  his  country ;  the  bulwark  of 
her  constitution  5  the  enlightened  extender  of  her  commerce ;  the 
inventor  of  her  resources  ;  the  director  of  her  thunders ;  till  the 
fatal  hour,  at  which  he  quitted  the  helm,  in  March,  180i.  From 
that  melancholy  epoch,  his  country's  glories  have  declined }  the' 
universal  oppressor  has  extended  his  rapacious  grasp,  so  as  to  appal 
the  stoutest  minds;  the  peace  of  Amiens  has  laid  all  prostrate 
before  him ;  and  even  he,  who  so  long  had  opposed  him,  found 
his  difficulties,  so  alarmingly  increased  on  his  return  to  power^  in 
July,  1804,  as  almost  to  overwhelm  his  gallant  spirit  with  despair. 
Perhaps,  however,  had  this  firm  and  enlightened  minister  been 
permitted  lo  remain  a  little  longer  on  earth,  he  might,  in  due 
time,  have  rallied  the  powers  of  the  continent ;  and .  have  again 
put  the  affairs  of  Britain  into  their  course  of  former  vigour  5  but 
his  health,  which  had  begun  to  give  way,  since  his  late  secession, 
yielded,  at  once,  to  the  fatal  news  of  the  battle  of  Austeriitz,  in 
the  autumn  of  1 805,  and,  after  a  few  weeks,  he  died,  almost  of  a 
broken  heart,  in  January  1806,  set.  forty -seven.  The  nation,  all 
but  a  vile,  despicable,  and  malignant  party,  felt,  as  tbe^  ought, 
his  irreparable  loss ;  but,  deeply  as  they  mourned  him,  they  did 
not  even  then  know  the  extent  of  the  deprivation*  It  has  since 
appeared,  as  if  it  was  his  spirit  which  had  animated  the  whole 
public  body  -,  which  gave  them  union ;  which  directed  and  coo- 
trolled  their  talents,  which  inspired  their  sentiments,  and  pointed 
their  speeches.  For,  since  his  decease,  every  thing  has  fallen  into 
confusion  -,  those  who  appeared  eloquent  before,  are  become  dull, 
confused,  and  vapid  3  those  who  appeared  firm  and  patriotic,  seem 
to  veer  like  a  weathercock,  and  to  preserve  consistency  in  nothing, 
but  their  struggle  for  places;  anti-jacobins  become  democratic, 
and.the  alarmed  advocates  of  the  dangers  of  Europe,  and  of  the 
necessity  of  union  of  hands  and  hearts,  become  the  partizans  of 
Action  and  division  I  It  was  Mr.  Pittas  predominant  genins,  tben^ 
which  inspired  Lord  Grenyille  with  patriotism  and  public  virtue  1 


EARL  OF  CHATHAM.  75 

which  endowed  Windham  with  enlightened  discretion ;  and  elec- 
trified Lords  Spencer  and  Fitzwilliam  to  sacrifice  party  caf>als  to 
the  love  of  their  coantry^  in  the  hoar  of  danger  and  dismay.  The 
presiding  spirit  is  gone,  and  all  are  fallen  back  to  their  natural 
propensities.  Mr.  Pitt  was  not,  in  truth,  an  aristocrat :  he  had 
too  little  regard  for  it :  the  aristocrats,  therefore,  hated  him.  But, 
ID  this  awfnl  crisis  of  unexampled  gloom,  will  men  be  base  enough 
to  occQp7  their  little  minds  about  regard  to  the  petty  dignity  of 
their  own  stations  ?*'  ^ 

The  following  is  Dr.  Bisset's  character  of  this  illustrious  states- 
man. 

"  From  the  time  of  Cecil,  except  Sir  Robert  Walpole,  none 
was  so  long  prime  minister  of  England  as  Mr.  Pitt,  and  without 
excepting  any  statesman,  none  had  to  encounter  such  arduous 
and  trying  situations.    To  direct  the  counsels  of  a  great  nation  in 
difficult  circumstances,  requires  chiefly  patriotic  intention,  wise 
deliberation,  and  energetic  execution  ;  all  fortified  by  a  magna- 
nimity, which  will  be  deterred  by  no  paltry,  or  ignoble  motives 
firom  beneficial  pursuits,  plans,  and  conduct.     That  William  Pitt 
possesses  transcendent  talents,  none  of  his  most  virulent  oppo- 
nents^ who  have  any  talents  themselves,  will  venture  to  deny ; 
but  it  is  on  the  exercise  of  his  powers,  and  the  co-operation  of  his 
moral  qualities,  that  the  ministerial  character  of  the  statesman 
rests.     To  an  understanding  which  unites  extraordinary  sagacity, 
force  and  compass,  to  comprehend  the  situation  of  affairs  in  all 
their  bearings  and  circumstances,  to  see  what  objects  ought  to  be 
pursued,  he  unites  that  combination  of  invention  and  discernment 
which  readily  discover  and  estimate  opposite  means,  with  an  un« 
jrielding  firmness,  that  will  act  according  to  his  own  judgment 
and  choice :  his  mind  is  in  a  high  degree  endowed  with  self-pos- 
session :  he  is  neither  to  be  impelled  to  speak  or  to  act  in  any 
other  way  than  he  thinks  suitable  to  the  occasion  ;  and  perhaps 
there  never  was  a  minister,  who,  in  all  the  contentions  of  debate, 
and  the  irritation  of  invective,  so  completely  retained  the  com- 
mand of  hb  own  powers  and  passions :  neither  the  poignancy  of 
a  Sheridan,  nor  the  strength  of  a  Fox,  could  move  him  from  the 
spot  on  which  he  resolved  to  stand.    The  integrity  of  William 
Pitt  the  second,  as  of  William  Pitt  the  first,  was  unimpeached : 
after  seventeen  years,  he  retired  firom  ofiSoe  with  an  annuity 
of  scarcely  five  thousand  pounds ;  an  infinitely  less  provision  than 
his  talents  might  have  secured  by  the  exercise  of  his  original  pro- 

^  Jhh  character  was  written  in  i8o7t  uid  applies  to  that  epoch. 


J 


>6  P££RA6£  OF  JENGLAND. 

fession :  but  to  such  a  miad,  money  roust  be  a  very  secondary 
object :  a  passion  much  more  appropriate  than  avarice  to  superior 
minds^  is  ambition.    Mr.  Pitt,  at  a  very  early  age,  sought  power^ 
and  acquired  it  by  the  fame  of  his  personal  qualities ;  how  he  em- 
ployed it  may  be  best  seen  from  results.    When  he  became  mi- 
nister, he  found  the  country  in  a  very  exhausted  state,  he  readily 
perceived  that  the  extension  of  commerce,  improvement  of  finance^ 
and  promotion  of  public  credit,  were  objects  of  the  most  urgent 
and  immediate  concern  :  justly  concluding  that  peace  was  much 
more  favourable  to  trade  and  revenue  than  war,  he  set  out  as  the 
votary  of  a  pacific  policy.    During  many  years  of  his  administra- 
tion, commerce,  finance,  and  credit,  were  esitremely  flourishing  : 
"iiis  schenoe  for  paying  off  the  national  debt,  was  very  effectual 
during  the  continuance  of  peace,  and  diminished  the  burdens  of 
war.     His  principles  of  foreign  policy  were  those  which  his  ablest 
predecessors  had  adopted  j  that  the  interposition  of  Britain  in  the 
affairs  of  the  continent  is  expedient,  so  far  as  it  tends  to  preserve 
the  balance  of  power,  for  the  security  of  Britain,  and  the  indepen- 
dence of  Europe :  the  application  of  this  principle  to  Holland,  was 
by  all  approved:  in  the  case  of  the  imperial  confederacy,  the 
vigour  and  energy  of  Pitt  repressed,  and  in  a  great  measure  dis- 
solved, a  combination  that  was  extremely  dangerous  to  neighbour- 
ing states.     No  part  of  his  policy  was  more  discriminately  wise 
than  his  conduct  in  the  first  years  of  the  French  revolution  i  he 
carefully  avoided  not  only  interposition,  but  even  the  expression 
of  an  opinion  concerning  the  new  system  and  doctrines,  while 
they  did  not  disturb  this  country.     Even  when  they  became  pre- 
valent here,  while  he  adopted  the  most  effectual  precautions  for 
preventing  their  pernicious  operation  in  Britain,  he  carefully  for- 
bore any  allusion  to  their  consequences  in  France :  he  aud  his  co> 
adjutors  observed  the  strictest  neutrality  between  the  internal 
parties  of  France,  and  the  contending  powers  of  France  and  of 
Germany.    In  the  war,  on  a  fair  view  of  the  evidence  on  both 
sides,  there  now  remains  little  doubt  that  the  French  were  the  ag- 
gressors 3  but  on  the  broad  question  of  expediency,  the  possibility 
and  prudence  of  avoiding  a  war,  there  still  exists  a  great  diversity 
of  opinion,  which  must  influence  the  estimate  of  the  fidpiiiuistra-' 
tion  from  that  time.  On  the  siqiposition  that  war  was  unavoidablf , 
its  conduct  becomes  the  test  for  appreciating  Mr.  Pitt*s  talents, 
as  a  war  minister ;  and  h^re  we  must  again  refer  to  the  results ; 
where  Britain  acted  in  oonfederacy  with  other  powers^  she  and 
they  failed  io  most  of  the  objects,  which  they  sought :  going  to 


EARL  OF  CHATHAM.  7; 

war  to  defend  Holland,  to  prevent  the  aggraQdisement  of  France ; 
we  suffered  Holland  to  become  a  province^  and  France  to  acquire 
a  power  unprecedented  in  the  annals  of  modem  Europe :  but 
where  Britain  fought  alone,  and  where  the  counsels  of  her  mi- 
misters,  as  wen  as  the  efforts  of  her  champions  could  fully  operate, 
she  was  uniformljT  victorious  :  if,  therefore,  war  was  necessary, 
as  far  as  Mr.  Pitt*s  talents  could  operate,  it  was  successful :    his 
plans  animating  the  spirit,  invigorating   the  energy,  and  pro- 
moting the  resources  of  the  country,  were  unquestionably  efficient. 
During  his  belligerent  administration,  Britain  was  instigated  to 
efforts,  which  she  had  never  before  exhibited.     After  a  contest 
which  reduced  the  other  contending  nations  to  be  dependents  on 
France,  Britain  alone  preserved  her  power  and  importance.    One 
of  the  most  alarming  evils  with  which  Mr.  Pitt  had  to  contend, 
was  intestine  disaffection,  arising  from  the  contagion  of  revolu- 
tionary principles :  the  means  which  were  employed  to  repress 
such  agitators,  were  in  Britain  completely  successful,  and  sedition 
was  restrained  before  it  ripened  into  treason.     In  vigorously  pur- 
suing an  object  right  within  certain  bounds,  it  is  extremely  dif- 
ficult not  to  overstep  the  limits.    The  extravagant  projects  of  the 
corresponding  societies  required  vigilance  and  counteraction,  but 
it  appeared  thiat  both  ministers  and  parliament  misapprehended 
the  case  in  supposing  such  machinations  to  be  treason  by  the 
English  law  :  to  prohibit  the  daily  utterance  of  inflammatory  lec- 
tures, was  certainly  necessary  in  the  state  of  the  popular  mind  : 
but  the  laws  for  imposing  the  restrictions  probably  outwent  the 
professed  purpose.  '  The  watchfulness  of  government  respecting 
Ireland,  brought  to  a  premature  explosion  the  rebellion,  that  might 
have  proved  tremendous  had  it  been  allowed  time  to  be  fully 
charged.    Not  satisfied  with  efficacious  remedy^ to  existing  evil, 
Mr.  Htt  extended  his  policy  to  preventives,  and  endeavoured  by 
union  to  identify  the  sentiments  as  well  as  the  interest  of  the  Irish 
and  British.    The  union  between  Britain  and  Ireland,  one  of  the 
most  momentous  measures  of  Mr.  Pitt,  even  as  present  effects, 
will  probably,  in  future  ages,  be  much  more  distinguished,  when 
the  consequences  of  British  and  Irish  connection  are  experi- 
mentally ascertained,  as  are  now  the  consequences  of  English  and 
Scottish. 

"  Persons^ vr  ho  deny  the  necessity  or  prudence  of  the  war,  may 
probably  litue  value  the  abilities  which  it  has  called  forth ;  and  if 
they  give  credit  to  Mr.  Pitt  for  genius  and  eneigy,  may  deny  him 
wisdom,  and  assert,  that  for  the  last  etght  years  his  great  powers 


i 


78  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

were  employed  in  remedying  evils,  which  he  might  have  befoM 
prevented :  ihis^  however^  is  a  mere  matter  of  opinion,  that  re- 
solves itself  into  the  original  expediency  of  the  war«  combined 
with  the  opportunities  of  afterwards  making  peace.  It  is  less  the 
province  of  the  historian  to  obtrude  upon  his  readers  his  own  judg> 
mentj  than  to  furnish  to  them  facts  on  which  to  ground  theirs  : 
without  therefore  presuming  to  solve  so  very  contested  a  question j 
I  cannot  help  declaring  my  thorough  conviction,  founded  on  an 
impartial  and  accurate  view  of  hii  whole  conduct,  that  Mr.  Pitt, 
in  advising  the  commencement  of  the* war,  and  at  various  stages 
of  its  continuance,  acted  conscientiously,  and  according  to  the  best 
of  his  judgment ;  and  sought  the  benefit  of  his  King  and  country, 
whose  afiairs  he  so  long  administered.  Whether  unbiassed  pos- 
terity shall  regard  the  war  of  1793  as  a  necessary  or  unnecessary 
measure,  peace  in  1796  and  in  1800  as  attainable  or  not  attainable, 
they  must  account  Mr.  Pitt,  in  the  whole  series  of  his  adminis- 
tration, a  statesman  of  great  ability  and  strength  of  mind,  who 
rendered  momentous  sen-ices  to  his  country  j  and  must  allow, 
that  never  was  the  force  of  the  British  character  tried  by  such 
dangers,  or  graced  by  more  splendid  achievements,  than  under  the 
administration  of  William  Pitt." 

On  the  death  of  the  great  Earl  of  Chatham,  the  dignity  went 
to  his  eldest  son,  John,  second  and  present  Earl. 

His  Lordship  was  bom  September  10th,  1756,  and  was  brought 
up  in  the  army,  in  which  he  served  during  the  American  war ; 
and  is  now  a  lieutenant-general,  and  colonel  of  the  fourth  regi- 
ment of  foot.  In  1788,  he  was  made  first  lord  of  the  admiralty, 
in  which  office  he  continued  till  December  1794.  In  1796,  he 
was  made  president  of  the  council,  which  he  held  till  1801,  when 
he  was  appointed  master-general  of  the  ordnance,  which  he  held 
till  February  1806.  He  married,  in  1783,  Mary  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Thomas,  late  Viscount  Sydney,  but  has  no  issue.  His 
Lordship  was  re-appointed  master  general  of  the  ordnance,  in 
1807. 

Tiths.    John  Pitt,  Earl  of  Chatham,  and  Viscount  Pitt. 

Creations.  Viscount  Pitt,  of  Burton  Pynsent,  in  the  county 
of  Somerset,  and  Earl  of  Chatham,  in  the  county  of  Kent^  July 
30th,  1766,  6  Geo.  III. 

Arms.  Sable,  a  fess  chequ6.  Or,  and  Azure,  between  three 
Bezants. 

Crest.    On  a  wreath,  a.  crane  close,  proper,  beaked,  and 


EARL  OF  CHATHAM.  79 

memberedy  Or,  holding  his  dexter  foot  upon  an  anchor,  erect.  Or; 
which  crest  was  assigned  to  William,  the  first  Earl  of  Chatham, 
and  his  descendants  lawfully  begotten,  by  grant  dated  October 
24th,  1761.  , 

Supporters.  On  the  dexter  side,  a  lion  guardant,  charged  on 
the  breast  with  an  acorn,  slipt  and  leaved,  proper;  on  the  sinister, 
a  back,  proper,  attired.  Or ;  plain,  collared,  and  chained.  Sable. 

Motto,    Benigno  nunaine. . 

Chie/Seats 


PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 


BATHURST,  EARL  BATHURST. 

Lawbbnce*  Batbont,  citizen  of  Canterbury,  in  the  reign  of 
King  Hent7  VI.  held  lands  there,  and  at  Cranbrooke  in  Kent,  *• 
and  had  lands  in  StaplebUrst  in  Kent,  and  left  isa»e  three  ions. 

Firetf  Edward,  ancestor  (o  the  Earls  Bathnrst. 

Second.  Robert,  of  Honmanden  in  Kent;  and. 

Third,  John,  who  had  lands  in  Staplehurst,  by  gift  of  bia 
father ;  ancestor  to  those  of  OdJham  and  Cnindal  in  Hants. 

RoBBBT,  of  Horsmonden,  second  son,  had  issue  by  his  first 
vife,  a  daughter  of  William  Saunders,  two  sons ;  first,  John ; 
and  second,  Paul,  of  Bat  bunt-street,  in  Nordbm,  Suskx,  who  in 
right  of  his  wife  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  cahdr  of  Edward  Hor- 
den,  of  Harden  and  Finckcocis  in  Kent,  clerk  of  tbe  board  of 

.  This  family  wu  oripnalty  soted  la  Susiei.  ■(  >  place  cilled  Bathunt. 
not  far  from  Battle  abbey,  of  which  they  were  dupoueued,  and  the  CMIle 
denwliibcd,  in  tbe  itoublesane  limei  of  the  ditpute  iKtneen  the  house*  of 
York  and  Lancaiter  g  and  nolhini  now  rcmaini  but  a  wood,  called  Balbum 
wood,  where  may  be  found  tome  of  the  ruins- 

>>Accoidinglo  Hasted,  Ihey  weie dothieri.  "  Theocaipatianorctoj&HT," 
layihe,  *'waiof  conudenble  coniequence  in  tbaae  times,  and  wai  exet- 
ciied  by  persons,  who  pouetscd  most  of  the  landed  property  in  tire  Weald, 
imoimich  that  almost  all  the  ancieat  fsmllics  of  these  parts,  now  of  laixo 
citatet,  and  lenteel  rank  in  life,  and  some  of  them  ennobled  by  titles,  aie 
sprang  from,  and  owe  their  fortune*  to  anceitors,  who  have  used  this  ircat 
staple  manufactuT^  now  almost  unknown  here-  Among  others,  the  Bathursti, 
Ontleys,  Counhopes,  Maplesdons,  GibboiUi  Wettons,  Plumera,  Auiteni, 
Dunkei,  and  Strinfer*.  The;  were  usually  called  from  ibcir  dress,  Tht  Grtj 
Caati  efKcnt,  and  were  a  body  to  numerous  and  united,  that  at  county  elec- 
tioiu  whoever  had  their  votes  and  intcrnl,  was  alniosi  certain  of  brint  elect- 
ed."   Hatted,  vol.  iii.  P.4S. 


EARL  BATHURST.  81 

»  ■ 

Green  Cloth  to  Kiog  Edward  VI.  Queen  Mary,  and  Queen  Eli. 
ttbeth,  enjoyed  the  manor  of  Finchcocks,  in  the  parish  of  Goud** 
hunt,  which  descended  to  Edward,  his  eldest  son  and  heir/  who 
^left  issue  four  sons;  1.  Thomas  Bathurst,  of  Finchcocks,  £sq« 
who  died  young  $  2.  Edward  Bathnrst,  of  Pinchcocks,  Esq.*^ 
gentleman  Sarhinger  to  Xing.  Charles  I.  ^  3.  William  Bathurst, 
merchant  and  alderman  of  London,  whose  son,  Sir  Heory  Ba- 
thurst,  Knt.  of  Edmonton,  in  Middlesex,  married  Catharine, 
daughter  to  Sir  Thomas  Wolstenholme,  Bart,  and  had  no  issue; 
but  left  a  sole  sister  and  heir,  Katherine,  who  married  John  Ent, 
Esq*  third  son  of  Sir  George  Ent,  the  celebrated  Physician,  but 
left  no  issue/  and,  4.  Richard  Bathurst,  a  clergyman,  who  left 
only  a  daughter.    The  rest  were  all  married,  and  left  issue. 

JoHir  Bathurst,  elder  brother  to  Paul  Bathurst,  was  of  Hors- 
mooden,  in  Kent,  and  left  issue,  by  Mary  his  wife,  daughter  of 
Edward  Dodge,  of  Wrotham,  in  Kent  (who,  surviving  her  hus- 
band, John  Bathurst,  was  afterwards  married  to  Francis  Champ- 
neys,  Esq.);  Robert,  his  son  and  heir,  who  purchased  the  manor 
and  town  of  LecUade,  in  Crioucestershire,  in  the  4th  year  of  King 


c  Richard,  secoB4  soo,  was  Avenor  to  the  Kiog,  and  left  iwue  j  and  Thoniat, 
third  aoo,  died  without  issue. 

*  His  wife  was  Nttharetha,  sister  of  Sir  Edward  Leveson,  of  Haling,  Knt. 

•  He  died  in  1657,  having  had  by  Matilda  his  wife,  daughter  of  John  Hooper, 
of  Stockbury,  Eiq.  eight  sons,  and  two  daughters ;  of  whom  there  survived, 
I.  Edward,  a*  John,  who  died  in  1726,  without  iMue.  3.  Thomas.  4.  Wil« 
linn,  g,  Charles*  6.  Richard,  7.  EGsabeth,  who  died  unmarried  in  17x1. 
And,  8.  Frances*  Edward,  eldest  son,  was  of  Finchcocks,  Esq.  and  married  Ju* 
dith,  daughter  of  Robert  Oliver,  of  Leyborne,  by  wliom  he  had  no  issue*  He 
died  on  June  9th,  1690,  set.  52 ;  and  passing  by  his  next  brother,  John,  who  Iiad 
displeased  him,  devised  Finchcocks,  with  the  estate  belonging  to  it,  to  his  bro- 
ther, Thomas  Bathurst,  Esq.  who,  as  well  as  all  the  rest  of  his  brothers  and  sisters, 
except  William,  died  unmsrried.  He  devised  this  estate  to  his  brother  Edward, 
only  son  of  his  younger  bratheri  William  Bathurst*  of  Wilmington,  by  Anne  his 
wife,  fndow  of  Lancelot  Bathurtti  of  Franks,  Esq.  This  Edward  rebuilt  his  seat  at 
Finchcocks,  at  a  great  expencci  in  a  very  costly  manner;  and  died  August  ist^ 
177 »,  set.  929  having  been  twice  married,  and  had  several  children  by  each  of 
his  wives.  Hts  first  wife  was  Elisabeth,  third  daughter  and  coheir  of  Stephen 
Stringer,  of  Triggs,  in  Goodhurst,  Esq*  who  died  in  271^9  set.  30  )  and  bjr' 
whom  he  had  Edward,  John,  and  Thomas }  the  former  and  latter  of  whom  weie 
Fellows  of  All  Souls  CoUege*  Oxford  j  and  the  lareer»  Rector  of  Welwyn,  in 
Hertfordshire.  The  former  left  only  a  daughtor,  Dorothy.  By  his  second  wift, 
Edwaid  the  father,  had  Charles  and  Richard,  Bt^  To  Charles  he  aliena^d  hit 
seat  at  Fitchcocks,  and  he  dying  17679  without  issue^  devised  It  to  his  brother^ 
die  Rev.  Richard  Bathurst.    Hasted's  Ktwt,  III.  3  j* 

f  Brydges's  Memoirs. of  King  Jameses  Peers.  Postscript,  LIX. 

VOL.  ▼.  O 


82  1»££RA0£  OF  ENGLAND. 

James  l.s  He  first  married  BeDuetta,  daughter  of  Roger  Twis* 
deu«  of  Roydon  Hall,  in  Kent^  Esq.  but  having  no  issue  by  her, 
l^e  took  to  his  second  wife>  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  heir  of  Robert 
Waller,  Esq.  widow  of  Sir  John  Lawrence,  Knt.  Lord  Mayor  of 
London,  by  whom  he  had  two  daughters,  Mary,  and  Elizabeth, 
who  both  died  unmarried  -,  and  two  sons,  Robert,  who  died  in 
bis  minority;  and  Edward,  who  was  born  A.D.  l6l5,  and  created 
a  Baronet,  on  December  4th,  1643  :  but  the  Baronetage  is  nov 
extinct. 

The  said  Robbrt  Bathurst,  of  Horsmonden,  by  his  second  wife, 
^ad  issue  John  Bathurst,  of  Gondhurst,  in  Kent,  whose  second 
son,  John  Bathurst,  was  Doctor  of  Physic,  and  left  issue  five  sans, 
from  whom  the  ^  Bathursts  of  Richmond,  in  the  county  of  York, 
are  descended,  possessing  a  fair  estate. 

John  Bathurst,  youngest  son  of  Laurence  Bathurst,  left  issue, 
by  Elizabeth  his  wife,  Edward  Bathurst,  of  Odiham,  in  com* 
Southampton,  Esq.  who  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Geoi^  Hol- 
land, of  Angmcring,  in  Sussex,  and  by  her  had  Edward  Bathurst,' 
his  son  and  heir  3  John  Bathurst,  an  Alderman  of  the  city  of 
l!<ondon,  anno  1673;  and  Anthony. 

It  now  remains  to  give  an  account  of  Edward,  the  eldest  son 
of  Laurence  Bathurst. 

Which  Edward  was  seated  at  Staplehurst,  and,  among  other 
children,  had  issue 

Lancelot  Bathurst,  Esq.  Alderman  of  London,^  who,  in  the 
beginning  of  Queen  Elizabeths  reign,  was  possessed  of  the  manor 
of  Francks,  in  the  parish  of  Horton  Kirkby,  in  the  county  of 
Kent,  where  he  built  a  large  mansion-hpuse.  He  departed  this 
life  on  September  27th,  1 594,  aged  sixty-five,  and  was  buried  in 
St.  Mary  Bothaw*s  church,  London.  His  wife  was  Judith,  daugh- 
ter of  Richard  Randolph,  of  London,  who  surviving  him,  was 
married,  secondly,  to  Sir  Edward  Kynaston,  of  Otley,  in  the  county 
of  Salop.  By  her  first  husband,  she  had  issue  six  sons,  and  three 
daughters. 

.  S  In  i6<39  this  branch  procured  an  alteration  of  their  arms;  Ai*  two  ban, 
Or,  in.chief  three  crotaei  formee  of  the  second. 

^  Vide  Thoresby*8  Hittory  of  Leeds,  fol.  13. 
.  '  Edward  Bathurst,  Gent*  (I  presame  the  stme),  was  seated  at  Ichell  (now 
called  Ewahot),  in  the  adjoining  parish  of  Crundall  (ibraMrly  the  ancient  seat  of 
the  Giflfbrds),  in  the  time  of  Jases  I.  Hit  son  John  was  born  here  in  i62r. 
The  Bathursts  continued  here  till  wtthib  memory.  It  is  now  the  seat  of  Henry 
Maxwel),  £1^.     See  Topogr/tfkicaJ  Muceliames,  Lmd,  1791,  4/^. 

^  Citizen  and  Grocer. 


EARL  BATHURST*.  8* 

1.  BandolpK. 

U.  Lancelot  resided  at  Hawley,  and  left  a  daughter,  Mary, 
wife  of  Thomas  Brown,  of  Reynolds,  in  Horton  Kirkby,  Esq. 

3.  Edward,  who  died  without  issue. 

4^  George^  Bathont^  ancestor  to  Earl  Bathurst. 

Elisabeth,  nsarridd  to  John  Brown;  Esq.;  and,  secondly,  to 
Thoooas  Saunders,  of  Flamford)  Mary,  wbdded  to  Edmund  Pe- 
flhall^  Esq.  of  Bromley;  in  Kent,  fourth  son  of  Richard  Peshall, 
of  Checkley,  in  StaflMshire,  Esq.  >  and  Susan,  espoused  to  Sir 
Kofaert  Owen,  Knt. 

His  eldest  son,  Randolph  Bathurst,  of  Francks,  Esq.  married- 
Catharine,  daughter  to  Robert  Argall,  of  East-Sutton^  in  Kent, 
Esq.  by  whom™  he  had  issue  Sir  Edward  Bathurst,  Knt.  who 
married  a  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Wiseman,  of  Essex,  and  had 
inoe  two  sons,"  and  six  daughters  >  from  whom  the  family  at 
Francks  descended,  now  extinct  in  the  male  line. 

Gbobob  Bathurst,  the  youngest  son  of  the  said  Lancelot,  in 
the  year  l6lO,  married  ^  Elisabeth,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Edward 
ViUierB,P  of  Howthorpe,  in  com.  Northampton,  grandson  and  heir 
of  Edward  Villiers,  Esq.  who  died  seised  of  the  manor  of  How- 
thorpe, &c:  on  June  26th,  1513,'  and  was  fifth  son  of  Sir  John 
Villien,  of  Brookesby,  Knt.  grandfather  to  Sir  George  Villiers,- 
fiuher  of  George  Duke  of  Buckingham. 

This  George  Bathurst  had  with  her  the  manor  of  Howthorpe, 
in  Northam})tonshire,  where  he  settled.  He  died  April  19th, 
l€i51>  aged  sixty-nine,  and  was  buried  at  Howthorpe,  having  had 
issoe  thirteen  sons  and  four  daughters  $  six  of  which  sons  died  in 

1  The  name  of  the  fifth  soa  ig  unknown ;  the  sixth  was  Henryi  i»ho  died 
16 19,  and  lies  buried  in  the  chancel  of  Horton  Kirkby  church.    Halted,  I.-296. 

■  Rando^  Bathurst  had  three  sons,  and  six  daughters,  i.  Edward.  2.  Lance- 
lot.    g«  Satnuel. 

"  Sir  Thomas  Bathurst,  of  Francks,  Knt.  and  Francis^  who  died  young.  The 
fortser  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Maynard,  younger  brother  of  Lori 
Maynard,  and  died  March  5th,  1688,  sc.  6o»  lea?ing  Francis*  and  Lancelot, 
who  died  without  issue  in  1720*  Francis,  the  eldeit,  was  of  Franoh,  and  having 
had  four  wivea,  died  in  17381  leaving  a  daughter,  Beronice,  who  became  his  sole 
heir,  and  carried  Francki»  with  his  other  escateS)  in  martiagr,  to  Mr.  Joseph 
Fletcher,  of  London.     She  died  1748.     Hasted,  I.  296. 

•  At  the  time  ef  his  marriage  he  waa  worth  300 1.  a  year.  AU  his  children 
were  very  ingenious,  and  prosperous  in  the  worlJ,  and  most  of  i}«ena^h  and  some. 
JCfplt^i  Bhgr,  Srit.  I.  692.  He  seem»  to  have  resided  at  Coventry  in  tb^  latt^ 
portof  his  life.     Hi  J. 

P  His  reHct  married  Dr.  Ketteli  President  of  Trinity  College,  Oxford. 


^  FEERA.6B  OF  BNGLAND. 

the  service  of  King  Charles  I.  during  the  rebellion  $  and  thtse 
that  survived  *i  vtfcre  Ralphs  Edward^  Villiers,  Henry,  Moses,  and 
Sir  Benjamin. 

1.  Ralph  Bathurst,'  a  distinguished  wit,  and  a  celebrated  Lalia 
Poet,  v^as  bom  at  Howtfaorpe,  in  the  parish  oi  The^ngworth,  in 
1,620,  had  lus  education  in  Trinity-college,  in  Oxford^  where  he 
was  bred  a  Divine  ^  but  in  those  times  of  confusion,  duiiog  the' 
civil  wars,  studied  Phytic,  and  thereupon  was  emplpypd  in  tha 
service  of  the  state,  as  Physician  to  the  sick  and  wounded  of  the 
navy,  which  he  managed  with  much  diligence  and  suopp^^  to.  the 
full  satisfaction  both  of  the  g^>era}8  at  se^  and  also  of  the  com- 
inissioners  of  tlie  admiralty.  He  waj^  created  Doctor  of  phyMc  oft 
Jiune  21st,  1653  j  and,  after  the  restoration  of  King  Chartes  II* 
he  re-as6umed  his  former  function  of  a  Divipcj  and  became. Fd* 
low  of  the  Royal  Spciety,  President  of  Triaity-ooliege,  iQS^  and 
one  of  his  Majesty's  Chaplains.  Also,  on  June  28th,  1670,  he 
was  installed  Dean  of  Wells,  In  A|^ril,  1^1,.  he  was  nominaled^ 
by  their  Majesties  Kipg  William  and  Q^eu  Mary,  to  be  Bishop, 
of  Bristol,  with  liberty  to  keep  his  deancacy  in  comcoeiidam;  but^ 
being  fond  of  a  collegiate  life,  and  intending  to  re-edify  the  cfaar 
pel  of  TVinity-college,  he  refused  to  accept  tbereoC  He  died  ici 
t|ie  eig^y-fourtb  year  of  his  age,  ou  June  14th,  1704,  and  was 
buried  in  the  chapel  of  Trioity-coUege,  Oxon,  which  he  built  at 
his  own  expense:*  haying  been  highty.  esteemed  for  his  great 
learning.^  He  married,  1664,  Mary,  daughter  aud  heir  of  Jphn 
Tristram,  of  Bauatoo,  in  Devonshire^  Esq,  and  widow  of  John 
Painter,  of  Taunton,  M*  D.  a  woman  of  admirable  accomplish- 
ments,  but  had  no  issue.  She  died  April  14th,  1690,  ^ed  se- 
venty-three, and  was.  buried  at  Bishops  Lydyard,  in  Somerset- 
shire. 

^  George,  one  of  the  soni,  who  did  not  turviTe,  was  elected  Scholar  of  Trinity 
College,  June  0th,  i6z6,  Fellow,  June  8th,  1634.  He  was  an  elegant  scholar, 
and  author  of  an  oration,  »poken  at  the  burial  of  George  Allen,  Fellow  of  his 
College,  the  famous  Mathematician  and  Antiquary.  He  was  created  B.  D.  July 
7th,  1640,  and  died  1644,  of  a  wound  in  his  thigh,  received  in  defending  the 
garrison  of  Farringdon,  in  Berks,  against  the  rebels. 

'  The  late  learned,  ingenious,  and  elegant  Thomu  Warton,  has  written  hi^ 
life ;  which  is  abridged  in  Kippis's  Siogr.  Brit, 

•  He  expended  nearly  3000 1.  of  his  own  money  upon  it. 

<  His  discipline  and  his  example,  his  vigilance  as  a  governor,  and  his  emi« 
nence  as«  scholar,  actually  contributed  to  raise  the  reputation  of  his  college  to  an 
extraordinary  height,  and  filled  it  with  students  of  the  first  rank  and  family. 


1 


EARL  BATHURST.  84 

'  ''  As  Dr.  Bathurst  was  tntimateiy  acquainted  with  the  most 
eminent  literary  characters  of  his  age^  so  few  remarkable  prodac- 
ttoos  in  literature  were  undertaken  or  published* without  his  en- 
couragement and  advice.  He  encouraged  Langbain,  Aubrey, 
Plot,  Dcrham.  Dr.  Sprat  was  one  of  his  chief  admirers.  Dr. 
Souths  Dr.  Busby,  Dr.  Aliestrce,  Creech  the  Translator,  Sir 
Geoi^  £nt>  the  celebrated  Physician,  and  defender  of  the  Har- 
Teyan  System,  with  others,  were  his  constant  acquaintance.  Such 
Were  his  friends :  but  he  had  his  enemies.  At  length  our  author 
having  constantly  enjoyed  a  perfect  state  of  health,  and  being  un« 
visited  at  the  last  with  the  severe  diseases  of  old  age,  died  in  his 
dghty-fburth  year,  June  14th,  1704.  He  had  been  blind  for 
some  time  J  and  his  death  was  occasioned  by  the  accident  of 
breaking  his  thigh,  while  he  was  walking  in  the  garden,  which, 
on  the  failure  of  his  eyes,  became  his  favourite  and  only  amuse- 
ment. Under  this  malady  he  languished  for  several  days  in  acute 
agonies.  It  is  said,  that  at  first,  and  for  some  time,  he  refused  to 
submit  to  the  operations  of  the  surgeon;  declaring  in  his  tortures^ 
that  there  was  no  marrow  in  tfab  bones  of  an  old  man.  He  had 
lost  his  memory  a  year  or  two  before  his  death  He  was  interred 
on  the  sooth  side  of  the  anti>chapel  of  Trinity-college  chapel,  with* 
oat  the  least  appearance  of  pomp  or  extravagance,  according  to 
his  own  appointment.  As  to  his  character,  his  temperance  in 
eating  and  drinking,  particularly  the  latter,  was  singular,  and 
exemplary.  Amidst  his  love  of  the  polite  arts,  he  had  a  strong 
aversion  to  music;  and  despised  the  study  of  all  external  Accom- 
plishments, as  incompatible  with  the  academical  character.  His 
behaviour  in  general  was  inoffensive  and  obliging.  The  cast  of 
his  conversation  was  rather  satirical,  but  mixed  with  mirth  and 
pleasantry.  He  was  remarkably  fond  of  young  company ;  and 
inde&tigable  in  his  encouragement  of  a  rising  genius.  John  Phi- 
lips was  one  of  his  chief  fetvourites ;  whose  Splendid  Soling  was 
a  piece  of  solemn  ridicule  perfectly  suited  to  his  taste,  and  which 
gave  him  infinite  pleasure.  His  writings,  under  the  title  of  Liie^ 
rary  Remains,  are  annexed  to  the  account  of  his  life  by  Mr. 
Warton ;  who  has  given  a  characteristic  account  of  them,  well 
worthy  the  perusal  of  all^  who  have  any  curiosity  in  such  mat« 
tcrs.  He  chiefly  excelled  in  Latin  poetry;  and  Ovid  was  his 
friocipal  pattern,  and  his  favourite  classic."" 
2.  £d  w  AKD ""  Bathurst,  the  second  son,  died  Rector  of  Cheping 

o  Kippii*t  ^iogr,  Brit.  I.  697* 
s  Bridges"!  History  of  NorthunptoDshlre,  p.  1x6. 


8(3  PEERAGE  OF  ENQLAND. 

• 

Warden,  io  Northamptopshire^  November  Igtb/' 166$,*  aged 
fifij-fonr,  and  was  buried  in  the  charch  tbere«  and  a  n^oDuinent 
is  erected  for  bim.  He  was  a  person  of  singular  learnipg  and 
probity  .y 

3.  ViLLiKRS  Bathurst,  another  son^  bad  also  his  education  in 
Trinity-coUfsge,  and  took  the  degree  of  master  of  arts  on  Decem- 
ber I3th,  1677.  He  was  Judge-advocate  of  the  navj  in  tbo 
reigns  of  King  Charles  II.  and  King  William  and  Queen  Mary^ 
and  died  in  the  same  post  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne,  on  SejH 
temberSth,  17 11. 

4.  Henry  fiathurst,  another  son>  also  lived  to  an  advanced 
age,  was  Attorney-general  of  Munsteri  and  Recorder  of  Cork  and 
Kinsale. 

5.  Mos^  Bathurst  (who  died  March  28tl|>  17Q5,  pqd  ^zs  bu- 
ped  at  Howtborpe),  married  Dorothy,  daughter  qf  Dr.  Jfohn  Ba- 
thurst, and  sister  to  Theodore  Bathurst,  of  Leeds  and  Skuttershelf, 
\n  com.  Ebqr.  Esq.  but,  both  of  them  dying  without  issue  malej, 
their  estates  descended  to  their  younger  brother, 

p.  Sir  JBeTyamm^Bathurst  j  of  whose  posterity  I  am  prindpallj 
to  treat. 

Which  Sir  Benjamin  Bathurst,  in  the  reign  of  King  Charles  11. 
was  elected  Governor  of  the  Royal  African  company,  under  his 
Royal  Highness  James  Duke  of  York ;  also  Governor  of  the  Ea^t- 
India  company,  in  the  ye^cs  1688,  l68g*  He  was  afterwards 
Treasui:er  of  (be  hpusehold  to  the  Princess  Anne  of  Denmark, 
upon  the  first  establishment  of  her  family  j  and,  on  her  accessioa 
to  the  throne,  he  wa^  constituted  Cofferer  of  her  household.  la 
1702,  attending  on  her  Majesty,  when  she  visited  the  university 
of  Oxford,  the  degree  of  Poctor  of  Laws  was  conferred  on  him^ 
on  August  28th.  And  the  year  after,  on  the  Duke  of  Marlbo-, 
rough*s  being  elected  with  the  Elector  of  Hanover,  afterwards 
King  George  I.  a  knight  companion  of  the  most  noble  order  of 
the  Garter,  Sir  Benjamin  Bathurst  was  his  proxy  at  the  install 
ment^  his  Grace  at  that  tjme  being  beyond  the  seas. 

This  Sir  Benjamin  died  pn  April  27th,  1704,  and  was  buried 
at  PaulerVPerry,  in  Northamptonshire.  He  married  Frances 
(who  died,  June  7th,  1727),  daughter  of  Sir  Allen  Apsley,  of 
Apsley,  in  Sussex,  Knt.  by  Frances  his  wife,  daughter  and  heir 
of  John  Petre,  of  Bowkay,  in  Devonshire,  Esq.  of  the  family  ot 

y  He  ass'sted  A.  Wood  in  liis  account  of  Arihur  Wilson,  who  had  been  a  feU 
low -colie2*tan  with  him. 


EARL  BATHURST.  s; 

Lord  Pctre.  (Which  Sir  Alan  Apsley  *  was  Falconer  to  King 
Cbarks  II.  and  Treasurer  of  the  household^  and  Receiver-general 
to  James  Duke  of  York,^  and  died  in  St.James's-square»  on  Octo- 
ber I5ih,  1683.)  Sir  Benjamin  had  issue  by  the  said  Frances^ 
three  sons.  1.  Allen,  created  Earl  Bathurst.  2.  Peter.  And,' 
3.  Benjamin :  and  also  a  daughter,  Anne,  wedded  to  Henry  Pye, 
of  Faningdon,  in  Berkshire,  Esq.  and  dying  of  the  small-pox,  on 
October  6th,  1729,  left  by  him  thirteen  children. 

Peter,  the  second  son,  abovementioned>  was  seated  at  Clarendon- 
pork,  in  Wiltshire.  In  17 10,  he  was  elected  member  fon  Wilton, 
in  that  county;  and  for  Cirencester,  in  the  county  of  Gloucester, 
in  1727*    In  the  next  parliament  he  sat  for  the  city  of  New  Sa» 
rum,  and  died  May  6th,  176S.  Fie  married,  first,  Leonora-Maria,' 
daughter  and  heir  of  Charles  How,  of  Gritworth,  in  Northamp- 
tonshire, Esq.  third  son  of  John  How,  of  Langar,  in  that  county, 
Esq.  ancestor  of  the  Viscounts  How,  and  Lord  Chedworth ;  and 
by  her,  who  died  in  January,  1720,  was  father  of  two  daughters; 
Leonora,  married  to  Dr.  G.  Macaulay ;  and  Frances,  wedded  to 
Mr.  Thomas  Cooper,  of  Cumberwell,  in  Wilts.     She  died  at 
Cumberwell,  27tli  October,  1779.    After  the  death  of  his  first 
Lady,  he  took  to  wife,  secondly.  Lady  Selina  Shirley,  daughter 
of  Robert,  first  Earl  Ferrers;  and  by  her  had  five  sons,^  and  ten 
daughters;   whereof,  Selina,  rhe  eldest,  was,  first,  married,  in 
1748,  to  Arthur  Lord  Ranelagh,  of  the  kingdom  of  Ireland; 
secondly,  to  Sir  John  El  will,  Bart.^  Henrietta,  to  the  Hon.  Wil- 
liam Tracy,  son  and  successor  to  Thomas-Charles,  fifth  Viscount 
Tracy,  of  the  said  kingdom ;  Anne,  to  the  Rev.  Mr,  Robert  This- 
dethwayte,  brother  to  Alexander  Thistlewayte,  of  Winterslow, 
in  Hampshire,  Esq.  and  Knight  for  that  county,  1768;  Cathe- 
rine, to  Sir  Michael  Malcolm,  of  Lochorr,  in  the  county  of  Fife, 
in  Scotland,  Bart. ;  Charlotte,  to  Joshua  Langton,  of  Newton  St. 
Low,  in  Somersetshire,  Esq.  and  died  in  July,  I757>  Frances, 
who  was  wedded,  on  November  2d,  1756,  to  Anthony  Duncombe, 
late  Lord  Feversbam  (being  his  second  wife),  and  died  in  child- 
bed of  a  daughter,  on  November  21st,  1757  j  Elizabeth,  married 
to  Sir  Thomas  Frederick,  of  Hampton,  in  Middlesex,  Bart,  and 

z  Wood's  Fasti  Ozon,  Vol.  I.  p.  830.  '. 

•  In  djc  long  parliament  of  Charles  II.  be  had  been  Member  for  the  borough 
of  Thctford,  in  Norfolk.  See  an  interesting  account  of  the  Apsley  family  in  the 
Memoirs  of  Colonel  Hutchinson,  by  Mrs.  Hutchinson,  who  was  a  daughter  of 
(h«t  hoose  I  published  in  1807,  4to. 

*»  From  one  of  thtsc  sons,  I  presume^  it  dcsceoded  tbe  p^teat  Bishop  of  Nor- 
wich. 


S8  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

died^  September  llth,  1764}  Louisa^  to  George  Bjam,  of  ibe 
island  of  Antigua,  Esq.;  Mary,  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Yalden  i  and 
Margaret,  unmarried.  Of  the  sons,  Peter,  the  eldest,  wedded 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  — —  Evelyn,  Esq.  He  became  a  Major* 
general,  October  19th,  \7^l»  Lieutenant-general,  October  12tb, 
1793}  and  General,  January  pth,  1798.  He  died  in  Harley 
Street,  London,  December  20th,  1801.  He  bequeathed  theestatp 
of  Clarendon,  for  life,  to  his  brother;  and  then  to.  the  .second  soa 
of  the  late  Felton  Hervey,  Esq.  whose  Lady  (Miss  £1  will,  now 
Mrs.  Freemantlp),  was  his  niece ;  the  estate  ai  Laniston,  to  the 
elder  son  of  Mr.  Felton  Hervey  3  about  12,0001.  io  l^acies ;  the 
residue  of  his  personal  property,  one  third  to  Sir  John  Morsheadi 
one  third  to  the  children  of  Mr.  Aleunder  Thistlethwayte  $  and 
one  third  to  the  children  of  Mr.  Felton  Hervey.^      i 

Benjpmin,  the  third  and  youngest  son  of  Sir  Benjamin  Bathunt, 
aforesaid,  had  a  seat  at  Lydney,  in  Gloucestershire,  and  was  re- . 
turned  member  for  Cirepcester,  in  that  county,  to  the  last  parlia- 
ment of  Queen  Anne,  and  to  the  two  called  by  George  L    He 
served  for  the  city  of  Gloucester  in  the  four  first  parliaments  cod« 
vened  by  George  II.  and  in  that  Prince's  last  parliament  for  the 
town  of  Monmouth ;  for  which  he  was  also  returned  to  the  first 
parliament  summoned  by  his  present  Majesty  in  1761.    He  mar? 
ried,  ^st,  Finetta,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Henry  Pool,  of  Kemb}e, 
in  Wiltshire,  Esq.  and  by  her  (who  died  in  childbed,  at  Bath,  iq. 
February,  1737-8),  had  twenty-one  children,  whereof  six  survive4 
their  mother ;  and  of  whom,  Thomas,  the  eldest  son,  on  August 
24th,  1749,  wedded  Ann,  daughter  and  heir  of  William  Fazaker- 
ley,  of  Totteridge,  in  Hertfordshire,  Esq.;   Pool  Bathurst,  the 
second  son,  settled  at  Alton  Pancras,  in  Dorsetshire,  and  married 
Anne,  daughter  of  ^—  Hasket,  of  Dorset,  Esq.  and  afterward^ 
succeeded  his  brother  at  Lydney  $  Anne,  the  eldest  daughter^ 
married  Charles  Bragge,  of  Cleve-hall,  in  Gloucestershire,  Esq.  by 
whom  she  had  issue  the  Right  Hon.  Charles  Bragge,  late  Secre-» 
tary  at  War,  who  took  the  name  of  Bathurst,  May,  18o4,  on  th^ 
death  of  Mrs.  Bathurst,  relict  of  Pool  Bathurst,  Esq.  of  Lidney 
Park,  which  Lady  died  in  Great  Pulteney  Street,  Bath,  May  5th^ 
1 804,  when  Mr.  Bragge  succeeded  to  the  Lydney  estates;  Susai^ 
married  Powell  Snell,  of  Guiting,in  Gloucestershire,  Esq.  Finetts^ 
died  unmarried,  1762:  and  Catherine,  married  the  Rev.  Charles 
Coote,  Dean  of  Kilsenora,  in  Ireland.    This  Benjamin  Bathurst, 
Esq.  in  Marcb>  1742,  took  to  his  second  wife,  Catharine^  daugbi 

^  pent.  Mag;  Vol.  LXXl.  p.  1158,  uo8. 


EARL  BATHURST.  «9 

Icr  of  the  |tov.  Dr.  Lawrence  Broderick»  brother  to  Alan,  the  first 
ViscouQt  Middleton^  of  the  kingdom  of  Ireland.  He  had  no 
place  at  court  before  the  accession  of  the  present  King,  who  was 
pleased^  io  Maj^  17^9 »  to  appoint  him  Out-ranger  of  Windsor 
Forest :  he  was  aho  Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society^  and  died  Novem* 
her  5  th,  1767. 

Allbn  Bathnrst,  first  £abl  Batbukbt^  was'  bom  in  St. 
James's  Square,  Westminster,  November  l6th,  l664.  He  was 
entered,  when  fifteen  years  of  age,  in  Trinity-college,  OsLford^ 
nnder  his  uncle.  Dean  Bathurst,  the  President;  from  whom  he 
ooDfinned,  if  he  did  not  acquire,  that  elegance  of  taste,  which 
accompanied  him  through  all  his  future  life.  In  1705,  when  jnst 
of  age,  he  was  chosen  M.  P«  for  the  borough  of  Cirencester,  i^ 
Gloucestershire,  and  contbued  to  serve  for  that  place  during  two 
parliaments.  Though  so  young,  be  is  said  to  have  distinguished 
himself  in  the  debates  relative  to  the  Union  with  Scotland.  He 
18  said  also  to  have  been  of  great  use  to  Hariey  and  St.  John,  io 
their  opposition  to  Marlborough.  But  he  maintained  an  high  and 
invariable  personal  regard  for  Lord  Somers  j  and  he  accepted  nq 
place  from  government.  At  the  memorable  period  when  twelve . 
new  Peers  were  introduced  into  the  House  of  Lords,  to  obtain  ^ 
majority  in  the  Upper  House,  be  was  elevated  to  the  peerage,  by 
the  title  of  Basos  Bathurst,  of  BcUtlesden^  in  Bedfordshire^  De- 
canber31st,  17U. 

Upon  the  accession  of  George  I.  when  his  political  fricnda 
were  in  disgrace,  and  some  of  them  exposed  to  the  prosecution  of 
Government,  his  attachment  to  them  continued  firm  and  un^ 
changeable.  As  he  was  one  of  those,  who  believed  that  the  pro^ 
ceedings  against  them  were  severe  and  vindictive,  he  expre8se4 
with  indignation  and  eloquence,  his  disapprobation  of  these  pro* 
peedings;  and  he  observed,  that  the  King  of  a  faction  was  only 
the  Sovereign  of  half  his  subjects.  He  was  zealous  in  the  defence 
pf  Lord  Bolingbrpke  and  the  Duke  of  Ormond.  He  voted  against 
the  Septennial  Act,  1716.  He  spoke  on  the  bill  for  punishing 
mutiny  and  desertion,  February  21st,  1717-I8;  and  from  that 
period,  for  the  space  of  five  and  twenty  years,  took  an  active  and 
distinguished  part  in  every  important  debate  VKhich  came  before 
the  Upper  House ;  and  was  one  of  the  most  eminent  leaders  of 
the  warm,  vigorous,  and  persevering  opposition  which  was  carried 
on  against  the  measures  of  the  court  j  and  especially^  agsinst  Sir 
I^obert  Walpole*s  admini^tratioq. 


go  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

la  1723,  in  the  proceedings  against  Bishop  Atterbury  he  dif** 
tingnished  himself  as  a  zealous  advocate  for  that  ingenious  and 
celebrated  Prelate.  Many  years  afterwards  he  exerted  himself 
with  great  eloquence^  and  with  a  very  striking  dbplay  of  political 
knowledge  and  ability^  in  the  debate  for  an  Address  for  the  re- 
moval of  Sir  Robert  Walpole. 

Besides  the  vast  variety  of  speeches  which  were  made  by  Lord 
Batburst  in  parliament^  be  likewise  joined  in  roost  of  the  protests 
whidi>  for  a  series  of  ycars^  were  entered  in  the  Journals  of  the 
House  of  Peers. 

On  July  lathf  17^^»  his  Lordship  was  sworn,  at  Kensington/ 
one  of  the  Privy  Council,  and  appointed  Captain  of  his  Majesty's 
Band  of  Gentlemen  Pensioners.  This  office  he  resigned  in  1744; 
from  which  time  he  was  in  no  public  employment,  till  the  year 
1757,  when,  upon  a  change  in  the  Ministr}^  he  was  constituted 
Treasurer  to  the  present  King,  then  Prince  of  Wales;  and  he 
continued  to  act  in  that  capacity  to  the  death  of  George  If.  At 
his  Majesty's  accession  to  the  throne  in  1760,  Lord  Bathurst  was 
continued  in  the  list  of  Privy  Counsellors ;  but,  on  account  of  his 
great  age,  declined  accepting  any  employment.  Howevr^r,  in  con* 
sideration  of  his  ccninent  merit,  he  had  a  peneion  on  the  Irish 
^establishment  of  20Q01.  a  year. 

As  his  Lordship's  abilities  and  integrity  in  public  life  gained 
him  the  esteem  even  of  his  political  opponents,  so  in  private  life, 
his  hunianity  and  benevolence  excited  the  affection  of  all  who 
were  honoured  with  his  more  intimate  acquaintance.  To  his' 
other  virtues,  Lord  Bathurst  added  all  the  good  breeding,  polite- 
ness, and  elegance  of  social  intercourse.  No  person  of  rank,  per- 
haps, ever  knew  better  how  to  unite  Otium  cum  dignitaie.  The 
improvements  he  made  round  his  seat  at  Cirencester,  were  worthy 
of  his  fortune,  and  shewed  the  grandeur  of  his  taste.  Id  iJms  re* 
<pect  Mr.  Pq>e  paicl  him  a  just  and  fine  compliment : 

"  Who  then  shall  grace,  or  who  improve  the  soil  ? 
Who  plants  like  Baihursi,  or  who  builds  like  Boy]eV*^ 

It  is  remarkable,  that  his  Lordship*s  beautiful  and  noble  plan- 
tations were  begun  by  him  after  he  bad  reached  his  fortieth  year;* 
a^d  he  had  the  felicity,  not  only  of  living  to  see  them  in  a  state' 

c  Epistle  to  Lord  Burlington. 


EABL  BATHUBST.  fil 

•f  perfeetioo^  bat  of  preserviog  such  a  degree  of  health  and  vi« 
gour,  at  an  age  to  which  fevr  advance^  as  enabled  him  to  enjoy 
the  delightful  scenes  he  may  be  said  to  have  created.  How  com* 
pletely  he  understood  the  right  application  of  a  large  fortune^  t» 
well  expressed  by  Pope^  in  his  £ptstle  to  this  Feer^  on  the  right 
Use,  of  Riches. 

^'  This  sense  to  value  riches,  with  the  art 

T*  enjoy  them,  and  the  virtue  to  impart. 

Not  meanly,  nor  ambitiously  pursued. 

Not  ^unk  by  sloth,  nor  raisM  by  servitude ; 

To  balance  fortune  by  a  just  expense. 

Join  with  economy  magnificence ; 

W^th  splendour,  charity  -,  with  plenty,  health ; 

Oh  te^ch  us,  Bathur^t !  yet  unspoil'd  by  wealth ! 

That  secret  rare,  between  the  extremes  to  niove« 

Of  ipad  good  nature,  or  of  mean  self-love  1" 

Lord  Bathur8t*8  wit,  taste,  and  learning,  led  him  to  seek  the 
acquaintance  of  men  of  genius.  He  was  intimately  connected 
with  the  great  persons  of  this  kind  who  adorned  the  beginning  of 
the  last  century.  Bishop  A|terbiiry,  Dr.  Freind,  Mr.  Congreve, 
Sir  John  Yanburgb,  Svvift,  Prior,  I(Qve,  Addisop^  Pope,  Ar- 
butbnot.  Gay,  and  others,  cultivated  his  friendship,  and  were 
proud  of  his  correspondence.  To  the  last  of  his  life,  he  wa^ 
delighted  with  the  conversation  of  men  of  abilities :  nor  were 
hi^  friendships  confined  to  persons  of  peculiar  parties  or  profea- 
sfons.  X 

His  Lordship  preserved  to  thp  close  of  his  life  his  natural  cheer* 
fulness  and  vivacity ;  and  was  always  accessible,  hospitable,  and 
beneficent.  He  delighted  lattprly  in  rural  amusements ;  and  en- 
joyed with  a  philosophical  calmness  tlie  shade  of  the  lofty  trees 
he  had  planted.  Till  within  a  month  of  his  death,  he  constantly 
rode  put  two  hours  every  morning,  and  drank  his  bottle  of  wine 
after  dinner. 

He  lived  to  see  his  eldest  surviving  son  several  years  Lord  High 
Chancellor  of  Great  Britain,  and  promoted  to  the  Peerage  by  the 
title  of  Baron  Apsley. 

In  1772,  his  Lordship  was  elevated  to  the  dignity  of  Eabl  Ba* 
TfluasT  'y  and  died,  after  a  few  days  illness,  at  his  seat  at  Ciren- 
cester^ September  10th,  1775,  set.  pi.  On  th^  21st  of  September 


92  P££RA6B  OF  ENGLAND. 

hts  Lonlship  was  buried  with  due  funeral  honourB,  at  the  parish 
church  of  Cirencester,  in  the  same  vault  with  his  Lady ;  and  a 
monument  has  since  been  erected  to  thdr  memory^  with  the  fol« 
lowing  inscription : 

Near  thii  are  deposited  the  remains  of 

Allen,  Earl  of  Bathurst,  and  Caiherine,  Lady  Batkurst. 

'  In  the  legislative  and  judicial  department 

Of  the  great  CouncU  of  the  Nation,  he  served 

flis  Country  6g  years  with  honour ^  ability,  and  diligence, 

Judgment  and  taste  directed  his  learning, 

Humxmity  tempered  his  wit. 

Benevolence  guided  all  his  actions. 

He  died  regretted  by  most,  and  praised  by  aU^ 

the  }6th  Day  of  Sept.  1775,  aged  Ql. 

Catherine  his  consort,  by  her  milder 

Virtues,  added  lustre  to  his  great  qualities  f 

Her  domestic  economy  extended 

his  liberality. 

Her  judicious  charity  his  munificence, 

Her  prudent  government  of  her  family  his 

hospitality. 

She  received  the  reward  of  her  exemplary  lifp 

the  Bth  of  June,  176S,  aged  7Q, 

Married  July  6th,  1704.** 

Benjamin^  tlie  eldest  son,  was  born  on  August  12th,  171^* 
und  on  November  26th,  1732,  married  Elizabeth,  second  daugh- 
$ia  to  Charles  Lord  Bruce,  eldest  son  and  successor  to  Charles 
Earl  of  Aylesbury,  in  England,  and  of  Elgin,  in  Scotland.  He 
was  elected,  in  1734,  one  .of  the  JLnights  for  the  county  of  Glou- 
/cester,  to  the  eighth  parliament  of  Great  Britain,  being  the  second 
called  by  George  IL  and  in  1754,  was  returned  one  Of  the  mem^ 
hen  for  the  borough  of  Cireneester  in  the  said  county.  He  died 
without  issue,  January  22d,  1767,  and  his  widow  survived  ti)l 
November  12th,  1771. 

Henry,  the  second  son,  was  second  Earl  Bathunt 
John  Bathunt,  third  son,  died  unmarried  in  1777 ;  and 

<  Sec  •  fuller  acconnj  in  Vol.  II.  of  Kippis'i  Slogt,  Brit,  pp.  I— io>  fiom 
vhcnce  this  is  abridged. 


'  EASL  BATEIUEST.  ^ 

•AUeOf  die  fourth*  was  Fellow  of  New  Collie  in  the  Univer- 
ttty  oi  Oxford,  and  ia  June,  17^^  was,  by  the  late  King,  pre- 
sented to  the  rectory  of  Beverston,  with  the  chapel  of  King8cx>t 
tker^to  aooexed»  in  tte  couatjr  of  doucester,  bat  died  Angust 
22d,  1767,  nomamed. 

•  His  Lordsbjp's  five  daughters  were^  l.  Frances,  who,  on  August 
5^  17^1^  wasfint  married  to  Wimam  Woodhouse,  Esq.  ^soa 
and  heir  apparent;  of  Sir  John  Woodhouse,  of  Kimberley,  in  Nor- 
folk, Bart^)^  wioD  died  Knight  of  the  shiPe  for  Norfolk^  on 
UsuKth  3i9t9  173i5  \  and,  secondly,  to  James  Whitshed,  of  the 
kingdom  of  Ireland,  and  of  Hampton-court,  ia  Middlesex,  after^ . 
wards  member  for  Cirencester,  Esq.  2.  Catharine,  wedded  in 
April,  1737,  to  Heniy-Beginald  Courtenay,  Esq.  brother  toStr 
William  Courtenay,  Bart,  afterwards  created  Viscount  Conrtenay; 
and  was  mother  of  the  late  Bishop  of  Eaoeeer,  &c.  3«  Jane,  mar- 
Tied,  in  April,  1744^  to  John  Boiler,  Esq.  of  Moryall,  in.Corn- 
wall,  and  Knight  in  parliament  for  that  county  5  and  was  mother 
of  the  late  Judge  Buller,  &c  4.  Leoncmi^  married,  in  September, 
1752,  to  G€«etfi4  Edwatd  Urmston,  formerly  of  the  fim  regiment 
qf  foot-guaids>  and  died,  October  1796.  And,  5.  Anne,  bom 
1722,  married  on  April  13th,,  1752,  to  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  James 
Benson*  nephew  to  Drk  Martin  Benson,  late  Bishop  of  Glouces- 
ter;  she  deceased,  leaving  only  two  daughters;  of  whom,  the 
eldest  married  her  ^estlL  cousin,  the  Rev.  Martin  Benson,  now  ^ 
Rector  of  Merstham,  in  Surrey ;  and  Chaplain  ^  Tun  bridge  Wells 
chapeh 

Hbhrt,  sjmomd  Eabl  BiTflOBST,  who  was  bom.  May  2d« 
17145  applying  himself  to  the  stud/ of  the  Law,  was,  in  Janoaiy 
1J46^,  a{^inted  SoUdtor-general  to  Frederick  Prince  of  Wales, 
a^d  afterwafds  Attoniey*general,  in  which  character  he  attended 
his  Royal  Highness*8  funeral.  He  was  also  Attorney- general  ta 
her-  Beyd  Highness  the  Princess  Dowager  of  Wales>  till  May  2d, 
1734,  when  be  was  oalkd  to  the  d^ree  of  Serjeant  at  Law,  and 
appointed  one  of  the  Justices  of  t&e  Court  of  Common«pleas.  On 
January  23d,  177^^  he  was  created  Lord  Apslby,  Baron  of 
Jfp^iey  in  8us$e$f,  and  appointed  Lobd  High  Chancbllob  of 
Gfeat  Britm;  and  in  February,  Ijy^y  his  Lordship  acted  as 
High  Steward  of  Great  Britain,  on  the  trial  of  Elizabeth  calling 
herself  Dutchess  of  Kingston.  He  resigned  his  high  office  Jaue  3d, 
177s.  He  was  also  one  of  his  Majesty's  most  Honourable  Pnvy- 
c(^selloiB^aud  a  Governor  of  the  Charter-house  |  and  24tb  No- 


g4  P££RAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

vembcTy  l779f  appcnnted  President  of  his  Majesty's  most  Hotiovtr^ 
able  Privy  Ck>uocil>  in  the  room  of  Earl  Gower. 

His  Lordship  was,  first,  married  to  Anne,  daughter  of  ■ 
James,  Esq.  and  widow  of  Charles.  Phillips,  Esq.  but  by  this 
Lady,  who'  died  February  8th,  17^8,  he  bad  no  issue. 

He,  secondly,  on  June  14th,  17^9»  married  Tryphena,  daughter 
of  Thomas  Scawen,  of  Maidwdl,  in  Northamptonshire,  Esq.  by 
whom  he  had  issue  two  sons,  and  four  daughters ;  viz. 

1.  Henry  Lord  Apsley,  third  Earl,  bom  May  22d,  If 62, 

2.  Apsley,  born  October  14th,  ifGg,  who  is  Clerk  of  the  Dis-* 
pcnsations  in  the  High  Court  of  Chancery. 

Lady  Tryphena,  born  October  24th,  176O. 

Lady  Catharine,  bom  June  I4th,  1764. 

Lady  Selina  Letitia,  bom  January  2d,  1766. 

And  Lady  Susan,  born  January  3d,  1768. 

His  Lordship  died  August  6tb,  ]  794  3  and  was  succeeded  by 
bis  eldest  son, 

Hbnrt,  third  Earl  Bathurst< 

His  Lordship  married,  April  1st,  1789,  Georgina,  youngest 
daughter  of  Lord  George  Lenox,  and  sister  to  the  {xesent  Duke 
of  Richmond,  by  whom  he  has  issue, 

1.  Henry  George,  Lord  Apsley ^  bora  Febraary  24th,  1790^ 

2.  William  Lennox,  born  February  14th,  1791. 

3.  Lady  Louisa  Georgina,  bora  September  22d,  17924 

4.  Seymour  Thomas,  bora  October  27th,  1793. 

5.  Lady  Emily  Charlotte,  born  February  9th,  1798* 

His  Lordship  sat  in  parliament  whilst  a  Commoner;  and  in 
1783,  was  appointed  a  Lord  of  the  Admiralty;  and  in  I789>  one 
of  the  Lords  of  the  Treasury,  which  place  he  held  till  1791^ 
In  1793,  he  was  nominated  a  Commissioner  for  the  affiurs  of 
India;  and  in  1804,  was  made  Master  Worker  of  the  Mint. 

His  Lordship  is  now  one  of  the  Tellers  of  the  Exchequer; 
Joint  Clerk  of  the  Crown ;  President  of  the  Board  of  TVade  and 
Plantations  3  and  Master  of  the  Mint. 

7*1//^^.  Henry  Bathurat,  Earl  Bathunt,  of  Bathurst,  in  Sussex ; 
Lord  Bathurst,  Baron  Bathurst,  of  Battlesden,  and  Lcnrd  Apsley, 
Baron  of  Apsley,  in  Sussex. 

Creations.  Baron  Bathurst,  of  Battlesden,  in  the  county  of 
Bedford,  December  31st,  171  i>  10  Queen  Anne;  Lord  Apsley^ 
of  Apsley,   in  Sussex,  January  23d,   1771,    11  George  III.; 


EARL  BATHURST.  gd^ 

Earl  Batharst,  of  Bathuret^  in  Sussex,  August  ]2th,  1772,  12 
George  IIL 

Arms,  Sable,  two  bars.  Ermine;  in  dhief,  three  crosscf,  pat- 
tee.  Or. 

Crest,  On  a  wreath,  a  dexter  arm  in  mail,  embowed,  and 
holding  a  clob  with  spikej,  all  proper. 

Supporters,  Two  stags.  Argent,  each  gorged  with  a  collar  ge^ 
mell.  Ermine. 

Motto,     TiEK  TA   FOT. 

CAief  Seat,    At  Cirencester,  in  the  county  of  Gloucester. 


1 


PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 


HILL  EARL  OF  HILLSBOROUGH. 

Thk  name  of  Hill  faatfi  been  of  great  antiqaity,  wonb,  and  ^f 
tinctioa  in  the  couottei  of  Stafibrd  and  Devon ;'  and,  from  the 
reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  of  Kiiiiiderable  note  and  eateem  in  the 
coontief  of  Dovne  and  Antrim. 

MoTSB>  HiLLj  Esq.  the  ancettor  of  the  present  Eart  of  Hills- 
borough, was,  during  ihe  course  of  O'Neile's  rebellion  in  the 
Northt  one  of  those  gentlemen  who  (in  13^3),  were  associated 
under  Walter  De?creus,  Earl  of  Essex,  to  suppress  it;  and,  after 
the  fatal  diiappointment  and  death  of  that  Earl,  scrred  under  his 
s<Ht,  Robort  Earl  of  Essex,  who,  March  I2th,  1598,  was  appointed 
L.  D.  and  sent  with  a  very  considerable  armj',  to  prosecute  the 
rebek:  but  he  returning  to  Eagiand  in  September,  isgg,  Mr. 
Hill  coDtiaued  In  the  aimj  uuder  Sir  Charles  Blonnt,  Lord  Mount- 
jc^,  who  succeeded  upon  that  Earl's  disgrace,  and  bj  him  was 
apptnnted  Governor  of  Olderfleet-Castle,  an  important  fbrtrcst  in 

■  AnoBg  Dthen,  who  wen  ptiocifil  ornimcnii  of  the  aime,  may  be  nckoaed 
Sir  Jdbh  HibL,  of  HIU'i  Court,  in  the  suburbs  of  Exeter,  lad  couatj  of  Dt- 
«D,  «ha  WM  bora  there,  and,  bdng  bnd  to  the  liw,  wu-adTinced  to  the  degree 
of  a  ScTJeint  on  Che  MoDdiji  nut  tfler  the  Paiifiutioii,  ijB]  (6  Richaid  II.) 
lad  September  3ach,  140O1  wis  canstitnttd  bj  King  Heorr  IV.  on*  of  the  Jos- 
ticct  of  the  cmrt  of  King'i  Beach.  ContempotuT  with  wbon  wM  Sir  Robert 
HiO,  of  Shiliton,  in  the  sild  caunC]r>  Kot.  who  belog  sis*  bred  to  the  Law,  wu 
made  the  King'i  Serjeut  in  the  same  yeir  (i40o)(  and  about  oiae  yein  after 
■Fpoioted  one  of  the  juiiicei  of  the  Cominoa-Plut,  in  which  he  was  conlianed 
by  the  King!  Henr;  V.  and  VI.  and  acquired  a  great  utile,  which  be  left  to  bi> 
potteiity,  who  flouriibed  there  for  about  nine  geoeratimi  after  him)  when  the 
ettiEe  being  waited  and  diipos:d  of  by  Hobett  Hill)  Esf.  and  his  soaEdwsid,  Ok 
family  dispcried. 


EARL  OF  HILLSBOROUGH,  97 

tb6se  times,  as  it  guarded  the  harbour  of  Lame  from  tlie  invasion 
of  the  Scots. 

After  the  sappreBsion  of  that  rebellion,  and  King  James*s  ac- 
cession to  the  crowp,  he  served  under  Arthur,  Lord  Chichester^ 
who  was  for  many  years  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland,  and  his  Majesty 
King  James  I.  in  consideration  of  his  sufficiency,  valour,  skill, 
and  long  experience  of  his  service  in  Ulster,  constituted  him,  De* 
cemt)er  J  5th,  l603,  the  first  Provost- Mareschal  of  the  forces  at 
Carrickfergos,  with  the  fee  of  six  shillings  a  day ;  and  (as  the 
King  expresseth  it),  ''  forasmuch  as  the  multitude  of  malefac- 
tors, and  other  loose  and  idle  persons  within  the  Province  of  Ul- 
ster,  required  that  his  Majesty  should  correct  and  repress  them  by 
flome  speedier  and  sharper  means,  than  by  the  ordinary  course  of 
common  laws;  and  considering  the  martial  law  and  orders  thereof 
to  be  very  necessary  for  the  reformation  of  such  loose  vagrants; 
and  having  had  good  experience  of  the  circumspection,  industry, 
knowledge,  and  indifferency  of  Sir  Moyses  Hill,  Knight,**  his 
Majesty,  April  14th,  I617,  appointed  him,  for  life,  Provost- 
Iffareschal  of  the  whole  Province  of  Ulster,  with  full  power  to  try 
and  examine  all  disorders  and  offences,  and,  upon  conviction,  to 
proceed  by  martial  law  to  judgment,  and  punishment  by  death,  or 
otherwise,  as  the  nature  of  the  offence  should  merit. 

In  the  parliament  of  X6l3,  be  served  for  the  county  of  Antrim  j 
and,  having  acquired  very  large  possessions  in  the  aforenamed 
counties,  died  in  February  1629-30,  in  the  seventy-sixth  year  of 
his  age. — He  left  two  sons. 

1.  Peter,  his  heir. 

2.  Arthur,  who  afterwards  succeeded  to  the  estate. 

And  three  daughters  ^  the  eldest  married  to  Sir  James  Craige, 
of  Canickfergns,  Knt. ;  the  second,  to  Arthur,  son  and  heir  ap- 
parent of  Sir  Charles  Wilmot,  Viscount  Wilmot,  of  Atblone, 
who  dying  October  31st,  l632,  was  buried  in  the  church  of  St. 
Nicbdfc,  Dublin ;  and  the  third,  first,  to  Sir  William  Brooke,^ 
Knight  of  the  Bath,  son  of  George,  brother  to  Henry,  Lord  Cob- 
ham  ;  and,  secoi^y,  to  Edward  Russell,  Esq.  3rouilge5t  son  to 
Francis,  Earl  of  Bedford,  and  by  him,  who  died  September  21st, 
1665,  was  mother  of  Edward  Earl  of  Orford,  Vice- Admiral  of 
England. 

Petbe  Hill,  Esq.  the  elder  son,  in  1641,  was  Sheriff  of  the 

^  One  of  the  daughters  of  this  match  was  ancestor  to  Sir  Brooke  Boothby, 
Bart. ;  and  another  was  wife  to  Sir  John  Denham  the  Poet.  See  Memoir $•/ Cottnt 

TOL.  V.  H 


98  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

county  of  Downe^  and  Provost-Mareschal  thereof;  and  (as  he 
sets  forth  in  his  deposition)^  being  in  Dublin  when  the  rebellion 
began^  he  wns  sent  thither  in  a  barque  by  the  L.  J.  and  Council 
with  directioDS,  that,  if  it  was  possible,  ther^  should  be' a  quarter 
aession  sitting  within  the  said  county,  for  indicting  of  the  rebels; 
wherein  he  took  such  care,  and  so  far  hazarded  himself,  that  a  ses- 
sion was  first  held  at  Killileagh,  where  a  great  many  rebels  were 
legally  indicted,  and  in  another  session  at  least  an  hundred  more; 
in  the  proclaiming  of  the  writs  of  outlawry  against  whom,  he  was 
in  great  danger  of  his  life,  as  well^as  those  of  his  soldiers  and  ser« 
▼ants,  which  he  kept  at  great  charges,  and  who  attended  him  in  that 
service.  When  he  first  heard  of  the  general  rising  of  the  Irish^ 
in  the  county  of  Downe,  and  how  the  Protestants  were  robbed 
and  stripped,  and  many  of  them  murdered,  he  furnished  himself 
with  arms  for  ninety-four  men,  having  only  powder,  match^  and 
shot  out  of  his  Majesty's  stores;  with  which  he  freighted  a  barque 
from  Dublin,  and  landing  at  Stranford,  raised  and  armed  a  com- 
pany, some  horso,  some  foot,  and  kept  them  at  his  own  expense 
for  about  a  year  and  a  half,  in  which  time  he  drove  many  rebels 
out  of  those  parts,  and  did  other  acceptable  services  to  the  Eng* 
lish  government,  until  about  the  iponth  of  May,  1644,  that  he 
and  his  family  were  driven  from  his  dwelling-house  by  several 
parties  of  the  Scotch  army,  who  plundered  his  house  and  stock, 
to  a  very  great  value>  and  obliged  him  to  fly  to  Dublin  for 
safety. 

He  married  the  daughter  of  Sorlcy  Boye  Mac  Donell,  and  sister 
to  Randal,  the  first  Earl  of  Antrim,  by  whom  he  had  Francis,  his 
heir;  and  Randal,  who  died  unmarried. 

FaANCis  was  seated  at  Hill-Ha  1,  in  the  county  of  Downe,  and 
married  Ursula,  daughter  to  Sir  Francis  Stafford,  of  Ponglenone, 
in  the  county  of  Antrim,  Knt.  privy«couusellor  to  King  James  I. 
and  left  issue  by  her  two  daughters,  his  coheirs ;  Anne,  married  as 
hereafter ;  and  Rose,  to  Sir  Robert  Colvil,  of  Newtown^  in  the 
county  of  Downe,  Knt. 

Abtiiur  Hill,  of  Hillsborough^  Esq.  the  younger  son  of  Sir 
^foy^ies,  who  succeeded  to  the  family  estate  upon  the  demise  of 
his  nephew  Francis,  witiiout  issue  male,  being  Colonel  of  a  regi- 
ment for  King  Charles  I.  against  the  Irish,  which  he  raised  in 
l641,  by  direction  of  the  government,  was  one  of  those  officers 
who  were  deputed,  in  the  year  1 644,  by  the  army  in  Ireland,  to 
apply  to  the  King  and  Parliament  of  England  for  succours  against 
the  rebels ;  and  was  also  one  of  those  who  gallantly  refused  to 


EARL  OF  HILLSBOROUGH.  gg 

take  the  solemn  leagae  and  covenant,  which  Monro  endeavoured 
to  introduce  by  force  into  the  northern  army.  After  the  kingdom 
had  submitted  to  the  parliament  in  I647,  he  continued  to  serve 
against  the  Irish ;  and  had  an  order,  dated  at  Cork,  June  17tb, 
1652,  to  receive  the  sum  of  ]00l.  towards  defraying  his  charges 
io  coming  from  Ulster  to  the  head-quarters,  attending  at  Kilkenny 
and  other  places,  and  for  special  service  done  by  him  touching 
the  forces  and  stores,  and  other  public  afiairs.  He  was  that  year 
made  one  of  the  Commissioners  of  the  revenue  for  the  precinct 
of  Belfast  f  and  was  also  appointed  November  21st,  1653,  a  Com- 
missioner in  the  aforesaid  precinct,  for  e^camining  the  delinquency 
of  the  Irish.  He  had  also  an  order,  dated  August  6th,  1650 
{"  in  consideration  of  his  many  public  and  eminent  services,  to« 
gether  with  his  sufferings,  both  in  and  after  the  rebellion,  to  the 
great  furtherance  and  advancement  of  the  public  interest"),  to 
receive  JOOOl.  in  full  satis&ction  for  his  said  services  and  suf- 
ferings. 

U^n  the  sestoration  of  King  Charles  II.  be  was  appointed, 
March  IQth,  166O,  one  of  the  Commissioners  of  the  court  of 
daims,  for  putting  in  execution  his  Majesty's  declaration  of  the 
30th  of  November,  for  the  settlement  of  Ireland,  and  satisfiaction 
of  the  several  interests  of  adventurers,  soldiers,  and  others  *,  and 
having  been  very  early  and  eminently  active,  with  the  hazard  of 
bis  life  and  estate,  in  his  endeavours  in  Ireland  to  restore  the 
Kbg,  he  was  sworn  a  member  of  his  Majesty's  Privy-council,  on 
the  establishment  thereof s  and  November  18th,  1661 ,  had  a  par* 
don,  dated  at  Westminster,  for  all  crimes,  &c.  committed  by  him 
during  the  course  of  the  rebellion,  which  the  most  innocent  were 
obliged,  for  their  own  security,  to  sue  oat  at  that  time.  He  sat 
in  several  parliaments,  which  were  called  in  Ireland,  particularly 
in  that  of  l64l,  when  he  was  zealous  in  the  prosecution  of  the 
Earl  of  Strafford,  for  his  arbitrary  proceedings  in  that  kingdom ; 
and  in  the  parliament,  called  by  Cromwell  in  1656,  to  represent 
the  three  nations  of  England,  Scotland,  and  Ireland,  he  was  cho- 
sen for  the  counties  of  Bowne,  Antrim,  and  Armagh.  In  the 
parliament  of  1661,  he  represented  the  county  of  Downe ;  .and 
the  King  having  had  for  some  years  many  thousand  pounds  short 
of  the  estimated  value  of  the  customs  and  excise,  appointed  one  of 
the  members  of  his  Privy-council  to  sit  constantly  with  the  Com- 
missioners of  those  revenues,  and  assist  in  the  ordering  of  those 
afiairs;  and  October  21st,  1662,  constituted  him  his  agent  and 
comaiiniooer,  for  inspecting  into  his  customs  and  excise. 


J  00  P££RA6£  OF  ENGLAND. 

He  died  in  Aprils  1^63,  in  the  sixty-third  year  of  hii  a^e; 
posieased  of  a  large  estate  in  the  counties  of  Antrim,  Downe^ 
&c. 

He  married^  first,  Anne,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Bolton, 
Knt.  Recorder  of  Dublin,  Chief  Baron  of  the  Exchequer,  and 
Lord  Chancellor  of  Ireland  (by  his  wife  Frances,  daughter  to  Ri« 
chard  Walter,  of  Staflford,  Esq.),  and  by  her,  who  was  buried  at 
St.  £ride*s,  Dublin,  January  7tb,  10*36,  had  three  sons  3  Moyses, 
Edward,  and  Francis. 

MoYSBs,  the  eldest,  in  the  rebellion  of  l641,  was  a  Lieutrnant* 
colonel  in  the  army  ^  represented  the  town  of  Drogheda  in  the 
parliament  of  1661 ;  married' Anne,  elder  daughter  and  coheir  to 
Francis  Hill,  of  Hill-Hall,  Esq.  aforesaid,  and  died  April  IQth, 
1664,  having  issue  by  her,  who  deceased  in  July,  1683,  three 
daughters}  Frances,  married  to  Thomas  Coote,  of  Coote-Hill, 
Esq.}  Penelope,  to  Sir  Watlter  Plunket,  Knt.;  and  Mary,  to  Arthur 
Parsons,  of  TomdufFe,  in  the  county  of  Wexford,  Esq. 

The  second  wife  of  the  said  Arthur  Hill,  Esq.  was  Mafy^ 
daughter  to  Sir  William  Parsons,  one  of  the  Lord  Justices  of  Ire-* 
land,  ancestor  to  the  late  Earl  of  Ross,  and  by  her  he  had  three 
sons  and  three  daughters. 

William,  who  succeeded  to  the  estate. 

Conway,  who  commanded  an  independent  troop  of  horse  during 
the  war;  was  member  for  the  county  of  Antrim,  in  the  parlia- 
ments of  1661  and  1665  i  and  died  without  issue  by  his  wife,  the 
daughter  of—-—  Jones,  Esq. 

Arthur,  who  died  young. 

Penelo|)e,  married  to  Piichard  Coete,  of  TuUaigbmaine,  Esq, 
Jane,  to  Gilbert  Ormsby,  of  Tobervaddy,  in  the  count j  of  Ros* 
common,  Esq.  and  Dorothy,  to  Colonel  Richard  Eustace,  of 
Dowdingstown,  in  the  county  of  Dublin, 

William  Hill,  of  Hillsborough,  Esq.  who  became  heir  after 
the  death  of  his  brother  Moyses,  without  issue  male,  was  a  person 
much  esteemed  in  the  country;  and  in  J 676,  with  Sir  Jamc* 
Shaen,  and  others,  became  a  farmer  of  the  revenue  of  Ireland  at 
a  large  yearly  rent;  which  being  much  in  arrear  by  unavoidable 
accidents,  his  estate  in  the  counties  o'i  Dowue  and  Drogheda  was 
seised,  and  the  rents  paid  into  the  exchequer,  until  he  had  a  full 
release  and  discharge  thereof  by  patent,  dated  January  5tb,  1686, 
at  Westminster.  On  November  13ih,  1678,  he  was  made  Lord 
Lieutenant  and  Custos  Rotulorum  of  the  counties  of  Downe  and 
Antrim ;  was  of  the  Privy-councU  to  King  Charies  and  James  U, 


EARL  OF  HILLSBOROUGH.  101 

•  * 

and  member  of  parliament  in  l665  for  the  coantj  of  Downe;  but 
was  attainted  by  King  James's  parliament  in  1669^  as  an  absentee^ 
and  had  his  'estate  sequestered  (as  his  mother  had  her  jointure), 
until  it  was  restored  on  tlie  reduction  of  the  kingdom  by  King 
William^  of  whose  Privy-council  he  was  sworn  December  l8t> 
1690. 

He  had  two  wives;  firsts  Eleanor  daughter  to  Dr.  Michael 
Boyle,  Archbishop  of  Armagh,  Lord  High  Chancellor  of  Ireland, 
and  one  of  the  Lords,  Justices  of  that  kingdom,  in  the  reign  of 
Charles  II.  and  by  her  was  father  of  an  only  son, 

Michael  Hill^  Esq.  his  heir. 

He  married,  secondly,  Mary,  eldest  daughter  to  Marcus  Tre^ 
Tor,  first  Viscount  Dungannon ;  and  by  her  (who  died  at  London 
on  July  9th,  171 1>  and  was  buried  at  Kensington),  had  two  sons; 
viz. 

1.  Arthur  Hill,  Esq.  who  at  his  death,  in  the  twenty -first  yeaf 
of  his  age,  was  ^a  comet  in  the  Duke  of  Ormondes  regiment* 
Andy 

2.  Marcus  Hill,  Esq.  who  was  educated  at  Oxford,  and  resided 
8t  Holt- Forest,  in  Hampshire,  where  he  died  on  April  6th,  1751, 
unmarried^  and  left  the  bulk  of  his  fortune  to  the  late  Earl  of 
Hillsborough. 

The  said  William  Hill,  Esq.  father  of  the  last-mentioned 
persons,  made  his  will,  on  July  7  th,  1692,  the  probate  \Hiereof 
is  dated  at  London^  on  November  20th,  1 693,  in  which  year  he 
died,  being  then  in  the  fifty-second  year  of  his  age,  and  had  se- 
pulture in  the  church  of  Kensington,  in  Middlesex,  in  a  vauk 
under  the  communion-table,  made  for  that  purpose,  in  which  are 
also  deposited  the  bodies  of  his  second  wile,  and  his  son  Marcus. 
By  his  said  will,  he  confirmed  all  his  family  settlements;  be- 
queathed ten  pounds  to  the  poor  of  Hillsborough,  and  two  pounds 
to  those  of  the  parish  where  he  should  die,  which  happened  at 
Chdsea,  in  the  aforesaid  county  of  Middlesex. 

MicBAXL  Hill,  Esq.  eldest  son  and  heir  to  the  aforesaid  Wil- 
liam Hill,  of  Hillsborough^  Esq.  was  of  the  Privy-council  to 
King  William;  served  for  the  borough  of  Saltash  in  the  English 
pariiament,  as  he  did  also  in  the  Irish  for  Hillsborough ;  and  was 
Lord  Lieutenant  and  Custos  Rotulorum  of  the  county  of  Downe. 
In  l6go,  he  married  Anne,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Trevor,  of  Brin- 
kmalt,  in  the  county  of  Denbigh,  Knight,  Master  of  the  RoUs  in 
England,  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons,  and  first  Lofd 
Commissioner  of  the  great  seal;  and  by  her  had  two  sona. 


102  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

1.  Trevor,  created  Viscount  HiUshorfmgh.    And, 

2.  Artlmr  Hill,  Esq.  of  whom  afterwards. 

And  a  daughter,  Aooe^  who  wedded  the  HoDoarable  St.  John 
Broderick,  eldest  soa  of  Alan,  first  Viscount  Middletoo,  Lord 
High  Chancellor  of  Ireland,  and  hj  him  was  mother  of  five 
daughters. 

This  Michael  Hill,  Esq.  died  A.  D.  1699,  in  the  twenty-seventh 
jear  of  his  age,  and  was  interred  in  the  family  vault  at  HilisbO'*^ 
n>ugh»  His  Lady  survived  him,  and  was  the  third  wife  of  the 
aforesaid  Alan^  Viscount  Middleton,  and  died  his  widow  on  Ja- 
nuary 5th,  1747,  and  was  buried  at  Hillsborough,  having  had  no 
issue  by  him.  She  built  the  church  of  Breda,  in  the  county  of 
Downe,  at  her  own  expense;  and  bequeathed  5001.  to  the  Blue- 
coat  hospital  at  Dublin,  to  which  she  had  given  the  like  sum  in 
her  life-time  j  3001.  to  the  Charter- schools ;  2001.  to  the  Infir- 
mary on  the  Inns-quay)  100 1.  to  Mercer*s  hospital;  2001.  to 
discharge  prisoners;  and  501.  to  the  poor  of  each  of  the  parishes 
of  St.  Paal,  in  Dublin  (wherein  she  resided),  Hillsborough,  Bredi^ 
before  mentioned,  and  Middleton,  in  the  county  of  Cork. 

Arthur  Hill,  Esq.  the  younger  son  of  Michael  Hill,  Esq.  was 
seated  at  Belvoir ;  and  on  July  llth^  1719«  was  invested  with  the 
place  of  Keeper  of  the  Records  in  Birmingham  Tower.     He  re- 
signed that  post  in  December  1734,  and  on  March  8th  following, 
was  with  Laurence  Brodrick,  Esq.  pureuant  to  a  reversionary 
grant  made  to  them  on  March  27ih,  17 18,  appointed  to  the  of- 
fice of  joint  register  of  the  memorials  of  all  deeds,  conveyance^ 
&c.  in  Ireland  >  which  office  was  instituted  by  act  of  parliament 
6  Queen  Anne,  and  was  granted  solely  to  him  on  October  2d, 
1736;  but  he  gave  it  up  in  May,  1749.     He  served  for  Hillsbo- 
rough in  the  parliament  summoned  in  1715,  was  returned  one  of 
the  Knights  for  the  county  of  Downe  in  1727,  and  sworn  of  his 
•Majesty's  Privy-council  on  August  20th,  1750,  24  George  II.    In 
]  762,  he  succeeded  to  the  estates  of  his  maternal  grandfather.  Sir 
John  Trevor,  and  was  created  April  27th^  17^^^  Fiscount  Dun- 
gannon,  of  Ireland*     He  died  177^* 

He  married  two  wives;  1.  Auue,  third  daughter  and  cphek 
of  Joseph  Deane^  Esq.  Chief  Baron  of  the  Exchequer  in  Ireland) 
but  she  dying  in  childbed,  about  a  year  after  marriage,  he^  on 
January  12th,  1737,  wedded,  secondly,  Anne,  daughter  and  heir 
to  Edmund-Francis  Stafford,  of  Brownstowne,  in  Meath,  and  of 
Portgelnone,  in  the  county  of  Antrim,  Esq.  and  by  heir  had  a  son, 
Arthur,  born  on  December  24tb,  1798$  and  three  daughtera; 


EARL  OF  HILLSBOROUGH.  J03 

Anne,  married  to  Garret-Colley  Westlej,  Earl  of  Momiogtoo  | 
Prudence^  married  to  Charles  Leslie;  and  Jane,  who  died  uomar- 
ried.  Their  brother,  Arthur,  married  a  daughter  of  Henry,  Vis* 
count  Mountmorri3,  died  before  his  father,  1770,  and  had  issue 
two  sons,  Arthur  Trevor,  now  Viscount  Dungannon,  and  Heniy* 
John  Trevor. 

Tebvoa  Hill,  Esq.  afterward  Viscount  Hillsborough,  eldest 
son  and  heir  of  Michael  Hill,  Esq.  was  born  in  1693,  and  bad 
his  education  in  England,  where  he  w:as  returned  member  for 
Aylesbury,  in  Buckinghamshire,  to  the  parliament  which  met  at 
Westminster,  on  March  17th,  1714-15,  1  George  I.  He  likewise 
served  for  the  county  of  Downe,  until  King  Greorge  L  was  pleased, 
by  patent  bearing  date  August  2l8t,  1717>  to  create  him  a  Peer 
of  the  kingdom  of  Ireland^  by  the  styles  and  titles  of  Baron  Hill, 
of  Kilwarlin,  and  Viscount  qf  HiUshorough,  both  in  the  county 
of  Downe,  with  limitation  of  those  dignities  to  the  heirs  male 
of  the  body  of  his  father,  and  the  annual  creation  fee  of  twenty 
marks.  His  Lordship  took  his  seat  in  parliament  on  the  27th  of 
the  same  month  5  and  on  September  3d,  that  year,  was  admitted 
a  member  of  the  Privy-council  in  the  said  kingdom.  He  was  also 
called  to  the  Privy-council  at  the  accession  of  King  George  II. 
in  1727;  and  in  1729«  'W'as  constituted  Lord  Lieutenant  and 
Gustos  Rotulorum  of  the  county  of  Downe. 

His  Lordship  wedded  Mary,  eldest  daughter  and  coheir  to^  An- 
thony Rowe,  of  Moswell-hill,  in  the  county  of  Middlesex,  and  of 
North- Aston,  in  the  county  of  Oxford,  Esq.  and  widow  of  Sir 
Edward  Denton,  of  Hillersden,  in  Buckinghamshire,  Bart. 

His  Lordship  departing  this  life  on  May  3d,  1742,  was  buried 
at  Hillsborough;  and  by  his  said  Lady  (who  died  on  August  22d, 
1742,  on  her  journey  to  Bath,  and  was  interred,  near  her  first 
husband,  at  Hillersden),  had  four  sons. 

1.  Charles,  bom  June  3d,  1717,  who  died  young,  and  was  bu- 
ried at  North- Aston,  com.  Oxon. 

2.  Wills,  his  successor,  second  Earl  qf  Hillslorough, 

8.  Arthur.  And,  4.  Anthony,  who  both  died  young,  and  are 
buried  at  Hackney. 

By  the  same  Lady,  be  was  also  fkther  of  a  daughter,  Anne^ 
born  July  5th,  1716,  who  on  December  23d,  1746,  was  married 
to  Sir  Jdin  Bawdon,  Bart,  afterwards  created  Lord  Bawdon,  and 
Earl  of  Moyra ;  but  departed  this  life,  without  issue  by  him^  oq 
Ai^ust  1st,  1751,  and  was  buried  at  Mo7ra. 

Wills  Hill,  Eaal  of  Hillsborovob^  in  Englan^i;  and  Afar* 


104  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

quis  of  DownsMre,  in  Ireland,  only  surviving  son  of  Trevor,  Vis* 
conqt  Hillsborougb,  was  appointed  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Gustos 
Rotuiorum  of  the  County  of  Downe,  in  1742,  in  room  of  his  father; 
was  sworn  a  member  of  the  Privy-council  in  Ireland,  on  Ang.  25th, 
17465  and  created  Fiscouni  of  KilwarHn,2Lnd  Earl  of  Hillsborough, 
by  patent  dated  Oct.  3d,  1751,  25  George  II.  with  limitation  of 
those  honours,  in  default  of  heirs  male  of  his  body,  to  his  uncle, 
Arthur  Hill,  Esq.  aforesaid,  and  his  male  issue.  His  Lordship 
was  a  member  of  the  British  Privy-council  in  the  reign  of  King 
George  II.  to  whom  he  likewise  executed  the  office  of  Treasurer 
of  the  chamber;  but  gave  up  that  place  in  1756;  in  which  year 
he  was,  by  letters  patent  bearing  date  November  20th,  30 
George  II.  created  a  Peer  of  Great  Britain,  by  the  style  and  title 
of  Lord  Harwich,  Baron  Harwich  in  Essex,  and  was  advanced 
to  the  dignity  of  Viscount  and  Earl  of  the  said  kingdom,  on 
Augtist  12th,  1772,  by  the  style  and  title  of  Viscount  Fairford, 
and  Earl  op  Hillsborough.  His  Lordship  was  also  Register 
of  the  High  Court  of  Chancery  in  Ireland,  F.  R.  S.  and  LL.  D. 
His  Lordship,  at  tlie  accession  of  the  present  King,  was  continued 
a  privy  counsellor  in  both  kingdoms,  and  in  September,  1763,  was 
constituted  first  Commissioner  of  trade  and  the  plantations ;  on 
December  27th,  1766,  he  was  appointed  Joint  Post-Master- Ge- 
neral ;  on  January  20th,  1 766,  was  appointed  Secretary  of  State 
for  the  Colonies;  which  post  he  resigned  in  August,  1772.  On 
November  25th,  1779>  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of  State  again, 
and  formed  one  of  the  leaders  of  the  Ministry  who  had  to  bear 
the  unpopularity  of  the  conduct  of  the  American  War.  He  re- 
tained that  office  till  March,  1782. 

This  noble  Peer  (who  was  enrolled  among  the  Fellows  of  the 
Royal  Society)  was,  at  the  general  election  in  1741,  returned  one 
of  the  Knights  of  the  shire  for  the  county  of  Huntingdon^  and 
also  one  of  the  Burgesses  for  Warwick,  to  the  ninth  parliament  of 
Great  Britain  5  but  chose  his  seat  for  the  latter,  by  which  he  was 
also  chosen  to  t^ie  next  parliament  in  1747;  and  sat  for  the  same 
borough  in  the  eleventh  parliament  of  Great  Britain,  till  he  was 
advanced  to  the  British  Peerage,  as  before  related. 

His  Lordship,  on  March  4tb,  174? -8,  first  married  Lady  Mar- 
garctta,  only  surviving  daughter  of  Robert,  Eail  of  Kildare,  and 
sister  to  James,  the  first  Duke  of  Leinster;  and  by  her  Ladyship 
(who  was  born  on  July  2d,  1729,  and  died  January  15th,  1766, 
at  Naples,  wbiiher  she  had  gone  in  hopes  of  recovering  her 
health),  had  two  sons. 


EARL  OF  HILLSBOROUGH.  105 

1.  Marcus  Viscount  Kilwarlin,  born  February  21st,  1752,  who 
died  in  1 756,  and  was  buried  at  Hackney. 

2.  Arthur,  second  Marquis,  born  February  23d,  1753. 

Also  three  daughters;  1.  Mary- Ann,  born  May  28tb,  17-*9* 
departed  this  life  on  December  19th  following,  and  was  buried 
at  Hillsborough. 

2.  Lady  Mary  Amelia,  bom  on  August  l6th,  1751,  and  mar- 
ried, on  December  2d,  177^9  ^o  James  Cecil,  Viscount  Cranbourn, 
now  Marquis  of  Salisbury. 

3.  Lady  Charlotte,  born  March  18th,  1754,  and  married.  May 
7tb,  1776,  to  John  Chetwynd  Talbot,  late  Eari  Talbot;  and  died 
January  17th,  1304. 

Adolphus,  under  the  year  1774,  says,  ''  Lord  Hillsborough, 
though  no  longer  Secretary  of  State  for  the  Colonies,  continued 
to  give  his  advice  and  assistance  to  the  Ministry.  He  supported 
their  proceedings  with  zeal,  firmneis,  and  ability ;  his  experience 
rendered  him  a  competent  judge  of  the  great  topics  of  dispute; 
and  in  debate  he  rendered  ready  and  effectual  service."*^ 

His  Lordship,  on  October  1 1th,  1768,  was  naarried  to  his  second 
Lady,  the  Right  Hon.  Mary,  Baroness  SUwell,  widow  of  the  Right 
Hon.  Bilson  Legge,  by  whom  he  had  no  issue.  She  died,  29th 
July,  178O,  at  their  house  in  Hanover  Square,  and  was  succeeded 
in  the  Barony  of  Stawell  by  her  only  son,  Henry,  the  present 
L-'rd  Stawell. 

His  Lordship  was  advanced  to  the  title  of  Marquis  of  Down- 
ihkre,  in  Ireland,  August  ipih,  1789;  and  dying  October  13tb, 
171^»  was  succeeded  by  his  only  surviving  son, 

Arthur,  second  Earl  op  Hildsborough,  ^nd  Marquis  of 
Bowfiskire,  who  while  a  Commoner  sat  in  parliament  for  Lest- 
withicl,  1774;  and  for  Malmsbury,  178O. 

His  Lordship  married,  June  29th,  1786,  Mary,  daughter  of  the 
Hon.  Martin  Sandys  (by  Mary,  daughter  of  William  Trumbull, 
Esq.  of  Easthamstead  Park,  in  Berks),  by  whom  he  had  issue, 

1.  Arthur-Blundell-Sandys  Trumbull,  the  present  Marquis. 

2.  Lord  Arthur-Moyses-William,  born  January  10th,  1792. 

3.  Lord  Arthur-Marcus-Cecil,  bom  January  28th,  1798. 

4.  Lord  Arthur- Augustus-Ed  win,  born  August  13lh,  1800. 

5.  Lord  George- Augustus,  born  1802,  to  whom  his  Majesty 
King  George  III.  and  Princess  Augusta  stood  sponsors. 

6.  Lady  Charlotte,  born  July  15th,  1794. 

«  Reifn  of  George  III.  Vol.11,  p.  186. 


106  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND- 

7.  Lady  Mary,  bom  July  8th,  1796. 

His  Lordship  died  September^th,  1601 ;  and  bis  widow  haviDg 
lucceeded  to  the  estates  of  her  uncle,  Edwin,  second  Lord  Sandys, 
was  created  Baroness  Sandys,  of  Ombersley,  in  England,  June 
29th,  1602,  with  remainder  to  her  second,  and  other  subsequent 
sons.    The  Marquis  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son, 

Arthur  Blundbll  Sandys  Trumbull,  third  Earl,  and 
Marquis » 

Titles.  Wills  Hill,  Earl  of  Harwich,  Viscount  Fairford,  Lord 
Harwich,  Baron  of  Harwich  (English  honours) ;  Earl  and  Vis- 
count of  Hillsborough,  Viscount  of  Kilwarlin,  and  Baron  Hill,  of 
Kilwarlin,  Irish  honours. 

Creations,  Baron  Hill,  of  Kilwarlin,  and  Viscount  Hillsbo- 
rough, both  in  the  county  of  Downe,  Angust  21st,  l^I?*  4 
George  I.;  Viscount  Kilwarlin,  and  Earl  of  Hillsborough,  Octo- 
ber 3d,  1751,  25  George  II.  j  Lord  Harwich,  Baron  Harwich,  in 
Essex,  November  20th,  1756,  30  George  II.  5  Viscount  Fairford, 
and  Earl  of  Hillsborough,  August  12th,  1772;  and  Marquis  of 
Downshire,  in  Ireland,  August  Ujth,  1789. 

jirms.  Sable,  on  a  fess.  Argent,  between  three  leopards,  pas- 
sant-guardant,  proper,  three  escallops  of  the  field. 

Crest,  On  a  wreath,  a  rein  deer*s  head,  coupt  gules,  collared 
and  attired,  Or. 

Supporters.  On  the  dexter  side,  a  leopard,  proper,  ducally  col- 
lared and  chained.  Or ;  on  the  sinister,  a  rein  deer.  Gules,  du- 
cally collared,  chained,  and  attired.  Or. 

Motto.    Per  drum  et  ferrum  obtbnui. 

Chief  Seat,    At  Hillsborough,  in  the  county  of  Dowo^. 


lARL  OF  AYLESBURY. 


BRUCE  BRUDENEL,  EARL  OF  AYLESBURY. 

Fob  the  male  ancestry  of  this  noble  Lord,  I  mast  refer  the 
reader  to  the  account  already  given  of  his  eider  brother,  the  Earl 
of  Cardigan.  But  as  his  Lordship  tnheri[s  his  Barony  by  virtue 
of  a  special  limitation  in  the  patent  granted  to  the  late  Earl  of 
Aylesbury,  his  inalcraal  uncle,  and  as  (pursuant  to  the  will  of 
his  said  nnclr)  liis  Lordship  has  assumed  the  surname  of  that 
family,  and  has  been  since  advanced  to  ibe  chief  title  inlierited  by 
tbem ;  it  seems  necessary  to  insert  the  descent  of  the  Bkucbs,  so 
lar  back  si  the  ancest  ry  of  the  late  Countess  of  Cardigan,  mother 
to  ibe  present  Earl  of  Aylesbury,  can  be  uninterruptedly  traced. 

They  are  deceived  from  Roqebt  lb  Bhus,  (or  Brtiis)  a 
noble  ■  knight  of  Normandy,  wbo  was  a  pergon  of  such  note  and 
valour,  and  so  much  confided  In  by  William  Duke  of  Nonnaody, 
that  after  his  victory  over  Harold,  King  of  England,  he  sent  him 
to  subdue  the  northern  parts  of  this  realm  :  which  having  suc' 
cessfully  performed,  he  was  rewarded  ^  with  no  less  than  forty- 
three  lordships  in  Ibe  East  and  West  Ridings  of  Yorkshire,  and 
fiifty-one  in  the  North  Riding  of  lliat  county  i  where  tbe  manor 
and  castle  of  Skelton  was  the  capital  of-  Lis  barony.  He  like- 
wise obtained  by  conquest,  and  other  ways,  Hert  and  Hcrtoess  in 
tiie  bishopric  of  Durham.    This  Robert  left  issue, 

Robert  db  Bhuis,  second  LmtcI  of  Skelton,  a  man  of  great 
worth  and  honour,  who  contracted  a  great  frieodsbjp  with 
David  I.  King  of  Scotland,  while  that  monarch  resided  in  England, 
where  he  was  styled  Earl,  and  Prince  of  Cumberland,  during  the 

•  Msnut.  Aafl.  vol.  ii-  p.  14I,  b.  a  1%  '  Lib  Doomsdsr  in  Ebor., 


108  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

reigD  of  Alexander  I.  his  brother  and  predecessor,  and  was  Earl  of 
Northamberland,  Huntingdon,  and  Northampton^  in  right  of  his 
consort,  Mathilda,  or  Maud,  daughter  of  the  renowned  Earl 
Waltheof.  This  Robert  de  Bruis  accompanied  King  David  into 
Scotland,  and  was  accounted  one  of  his  nobles  and  subjects,  as  is 
evident  from  the  register  of  the  bishopric  of  Glasgow.  It  is  equally 
evident,  from  sundry  documents,  that  the  same  Robert  possessed 
the  lordship  of  Annandale,  which  contained  all  the  lands,  fi-om 
the  bounds  of  Dunegal  and  Stratbnith,  to  the  lands  of  Ranulph 
de  Meschines,  then  Earl  of  Chester,  and  Lord  of  Cumberland ; 
and  it  is  affirmed,  by  some  historians,  tliat^  by  the  mediation  of 
King'  David,  he  obtained  them  in  marriage  with  Agnes  Annand, 
heiress  of  that  vast  estate,  of  which  he  got  confirmation  firom  that 
monarch,  and  thereby  had  large  possessions  in  both  kingdoms. 
As  he  was  a  man  of.  great  parts,  and  equally  qualified  for  the 
cabinet  and  the  field,  he  was  in  high  favour  with  Henry  I.  King 
of  England,  as  well  as  with  the  said  David,  King  of  Scotland. 
Being  at  the  court  of  England,  A.  D.  1 137,  ^ing  Stephen  joined 
him  in  commission  with  Bernard  de  Baliol>  to  endeavour  to  dis- 
suade or  divert  King  David  from  his  intended  invasion  of  England, 
and  Robert  used  all  his  interest  with  the  Scottish  monarch  5  but 
to  no  purpose,  for  that  Prince,  neglecting  the  advice,  pursued  his 
former  resolutions,  and  entered  England  with  a  considerable 
army.  Whereupon  Robert  withdrew  his  allegiance  from  David, 
and  was  on  the  English  side  at  the  famous  hattle  of  the  standard, 
in  1138,  which  proved  fatal  to  the  Scots.  In  this  action  Robert 
de  Bras  took  prisoner  his  ovm  son  Robert,  who  had  been  left  in 
Scotland,  and  was  then  about  fourteen  years  of  age.  When  the 
father  presented  him  to  King  Stephen,  his  Majesty  desired  that 
he  might  be  delivered  to  his  nurse  to  be  taken  care  of.  Peace 
being  concluded  next  year  between  the  two  kingdoms,  in  conse- 
quence of  which  Northumberland  was  given  to  Henry,  Prince  of 
Scotland,  Robert  continued  in  favour  and  friendship  with  King 
David  ever  after. 

This  Robert  was  very  eminent  for  his  piety  and  devotion, 
having  in  1 129,  (as  appears  by  Sir  William  Dugdale's  Monasticon) 
founded  a  monastery  for  canons  regular  of  St.  Augustine,  at  Gys- 
burn,  or  Gisburne,  (commonly  called  Gisborough)  in  Cleveland, 
Agnes  his  wife,  and  Adam  his  son  and  heir,  joining  with  him 
therein,  amply  endowing  it  with  twenty  carucates  of  land,  eaph 
carucate  then  containing  sixty  acres.  This  monastery  was  the 
common  burial  place  of  the  oobility  and  persons  of  rank  in. those 


EARL  OF  AYLESBURY.  IQJ 

farts;  and  its  charcb>  hj  the  ruins,  seems  to  have  been  equal  tp 
the  best  cathedrals  in  England.  He  also  bestowed  upon  the  same 
monastery  the  patronages  of  all  the  churches  within  h^s  lordship 
of  AnnaDdale.  He  also  gave  the  cbiu'cb  of  Middlesburgh  with 
two  caracates,  and  two  bovate^,  of  land  in  Nehuham,  to  the 
monks  of  Whitby  in  Yorkshire,  on  condition  that  they  should 
place  certain  of  their  convent  there ;  with  ^rhich  they. complied^ 
and  made  it  a  cell  to  their  abbey.  He  likewise  gave  to  the  abbey 
of  St.  Mary*s,  at  York,  his  lordships  of  Appilton,  and  Hornby, 
with  all  the  lands  lying  betwixt  the  same,  and  the  great  road 
leading  from  York  to  Durham,  being  part  of  his  lordship  of  Mid- 
dletoo*  He  also  gave  them  two  carucates  of  land,  and  a  mill  in 
Sanderland  Wick,  as  also  the  town  of  Karkarevill,  which  by  the 
monks  of  that  house  was  assigned  to  their  cell  at  Wederhal  in 
Cumberland.  According  to  Sir  William  Dugdale,  he  departed 
this  life,  5  Id.  Maii,  1141,  and  was  buried  in  the  said  abbey  of 
Glsbarnej  but  according  to  Sir  James  Dalrynple,  in  the  year 
1143. 

However,  he  had  two  wives,  *=  first,  Agnes,  an  English  Lady, 
dangbter  of  Fulco  Paynell,  with  whom  he  had  the  manor  of 
Carleton ;  and. 

Second,  Agnes  Annand,  who  brought  him  the  lordship  of  An«> 
nandale,  as  before  mentioned. 

By  the  first  he  was  father  of  a  son,  Adam,  his  successor  in 
most  of  the  English  estates.  And  by  his  second  Lady  he  had  two 
sons, 

Furst,  William,  of  whom  afterwards,  as  continuator  of  the 
wude  line  of  this  illustrious  family ;  and. 

Second,  Robert,  taken  prisoner,  as  before  recited,  but  of  whoso 
posterity  there  is  no  certain  evidence. 

He  is  likewise  said  to  have  had  a  daughter,  Agatha,  wife  of 
Ralph  (son  of  Ribald,  Lord  of  Middleham  in  Yorkshire)  who  had 
with  her  in  frank  marriage  the  lordship  of  Ailewick  in  Hertncss, 
in  the  palatinate  of  Durham. 

His  eldest  son  Adam,  third  Lord  of  Sielton,  behaved  with 
great  valour  in  the  aforesaid  battle  near  North  Alverton,  against 
the  King  of  Scotland.  According  to  the  piety  of  those  times,  bo 
founded  the  priory  of  Hoton  in  Yorkshire  3  and  he  and  Ivetta, 
his  wife,  dedicated  the  church  of  Thorp  to  the  cathedral  of  York. 
He  was  also  a  benefactor  to  other  religious  houses  5  and  departing 

c  Sir  Robert  PougIas*&  Peerage  of  Scotland. 


1 10  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

this  life  on  March  20tb^  1 162,  had  sepulture  at  Gisbume.    H^ 
\i'as  succeeded  by  bis  son, 

AT>hVL,  fourth  Lord  of  Skelton,  who  dying  in  July,  1185,  left 
issue,  a  son,  Peter,  bis  successor,  and  a  daughter,  Isabel,  wedded 
to  Henry  de  Percy  (ancestor  to  the  Earls  of  Northumberland). 

Peter  db  Brvs,  ffih  Lord  of  SkeUon,  in  10  Richard  I.  paid 
500  marks  for  his  father*s  lands,  and  departing  tliis  life  on  Ja- 
nuary 27th,  1211,  was  interred  at  Gisbume,  leaving 

Petkr,  his  successor,  and  sixth  Lord  of  Skelton^  who,  in  1/ 
John,  was  in  arms,  with  other  Barons,  who  were  offended  at  the 
King  for  having  resigned  his  crown  to  Pope  Innocent  III.  and 
consenting  to  hold  it  as  a  vassal  to  the  See  of  Rome  5  and  was  sor 
powerful,  that  he  brought  the  whole  country  to  submit  to  him. 
He  paid,  in  38  Hen.  III.  for  sixteen  knights  fees,  and  had  other 
large  possessions.  Having  made  a  voyage  to  the  Holy  Land,  l^e 
died  in  his  return,  on  September  13tb,  1267>  at  Marseilles,  and 
was  buried  at  Gisburne.  By  Helewise,  his  wife,  eldest  sister  and 
coheir  of  William  de  Lancaster,  Baron  of  Kendal,  he  left  four 
daughters,  of  whom  afterwards,  and  an  only  son, 

Peter,  seventh  Lord  of  Skellon,  who  departed  this  life  about 
the  year  1300,  without  issue  by  Helena  de  Mildain,  his  wife,  and 
left  his  great  estate  to  be  divided  among  his  four  sisters,  his  co- 
heirs. Of  these,  Agnes,  the  eldest,  was  the  wife  of  Waller  de 
Fauconberg,  who  had  for  her  share  the  castle  and  barony  ofSkcU 
ion^  with  several  manors :  Lucia,  the  second,  was  married  to 
Marmaduke,  Baron  Thweng,  who  had  other  large  possessions, 
whose  lineal  heirs  are,  the  present  Earl  of  Scarborough,  and  Sir 
Charles  Hotham,  ^  Bart. :  Margaret,  the  third,  wedded  Robert  dd 
Ross,  lord  of  the  castle  of  Warke,  who  in  her  right  had  the  barony 
of  Kendal  -,  whose  son,  William,  was  Lord  Ross  of  Kendal :  and 
Laderina,  the  youngest,  was  married  to  Sir  John  de  Bellew, 
and  had  for  her  share  the  lordship  of  Carleton,  and  divers  other 
manors. 

This  branch  therefore  becoming  extinct  in  the  male  line,  we 
xetum  to  William,  eldest  sou  of  Robert,  second  Lord  of  Skeltonj, 
by  his  second  wife,  Agnes  Annand,  before  mentioned,  who,  in 
right  of  his  mother,  succeeded  to  the  lordship  of  Annandale  in 
Scotland,  and  to  the  lands  of  Hart  and  Hartness,  in  the  bishopric 
of  Durham,  by  the  gift  of  his  father,  to  be  held  of  him  and  his 


'Or  rather  the  daughter  of  his  uncle,  the  late  Sir  Charles  Hothanii 
(Thompson)  Bart. 


EARL  OF  AYLESBURY.  HI 

I,  Lords  of  Skelton.  He  confirmed  the  donations  of  tbt 
charches  in  Axinandal<^,  which  his  father  had  made  to  the  monks 
of  Gisbome.  lo  shew  that  he  looked  upon  his  chief  settlement 
to  be  in  Scotland,  he  quitted  his  father's  armorial  bearings,  (Argent, 
a  Hon  rampant.  Gules)  and  a  sum  d  the  coat  of  Annandale,  viz* 
Or,  a  saUire  and  chie  ,  Cn/es,  In  a  charter,  without  date,  of 
some  lands  in  Annandale  to  Adam  de  Carleo/o  (one  of  his  vassals)^ 
be  is  styled  JVUVielmus  de  Bruce,  Dominus  vallis  Annandi^e,  8rc« 
This  William  de  Brace  died  before  the  year  1183^  and  was  sue* 
oceded  by  bis  son, 

RoBBRT,  third  Lard  of  Annandale,  a  nobleman  of  great  valour 
and  magnanimity,  and  at  the  same  time  both  pious  and  religious. 
He  ratified  and  confirmed  to  the  monastery  of  Gisburne  all  the 
grants  of  his  predecessors.  About  the  year  1 IQO^  he  entered  into 
an  agreement  with  Joceline,  bishop  of  Glasgow,  with  consent  of 
the  abbot  and  convent  of  Gisburne,  whereby  the  before-mentioned 
churches  in  Annandale,  which  Robert,  second  Lord  of  Skelton, 
and  first  Lord  of  Annandale,  had  granted  to  the  said  convent^ 
were  made  over  to  the  see  of  Glasgow  3  his  son  consenting  thereto. 
He  married  Isabel,  natural  daughter  of  William,  suraamed  the 
Lion,  King  of  Scotland,  and  by  the  said  Lady  (who  secondly 
wedded  Robert  de  Ross,  Lord  of  Wark  and  Hamlake  in  England^ 
and  from  whom  the  Rosses  of  Hamlake  and  WarK  descended)  he 
left,  at  his  deaths  A.  D.  1 191,  an  only  son  and  heir, 

*  Robert  db  Brus,  snmamed  the  Noble,  fourth  Lord  of  An^^ 
nandale,  who  married  Isabel,  second  daughter  of  Prince  Davidi 
Earl  of  Huntingdon  and  Chester,  son  of  Henry,  Prince  of  Scot- 
land, eldest  son  of  David  I.  King  of  Scotland,  and  younger  brother 
to  Malcolm  IV.  and  William  (the  Lion),  successively  monarchs  of 
that  realm.  By  this  royal  match  the  Lords  of  Annandale  came  to 
be  amongst  the  greatest  subjects  in  Europe  :  for  by  the  said  Isabel 
(who  was  one  of  three  sisters  and  coheiresses  of  John  surnamed 
Scot,  Earl  of  Huntingdon,  and  last  Count  Palatine  of  Chester,  of 
which  palatinate  he  (John)  became  possessed  in  right  of  his 
Boother,  Maud,  the  aforesaid  Prince  David's  wife,  daughter  of 
Hugh  Kiviliock,  and  eldest  sister  of  Ranulph  BlundeviUe,  Earls 
Palatines  of  Chester)  Robert,  exclusive  of  his  paternal  estate  in 
both  kingdoms,  came  to  be  possessed  of  the  manor  of  Writtle,  and 
Hatfield,  in  Essex,  together  with  half  the  hundred  of  Hatfield, 
^hich  King  Heoiy  IIL  in  the  25th  year  of  his  reign "-'  gave  in 

•  Cart.  s5  Hto.  HI.  nw  i* 


J 12  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

fxchaoge  for  tliose  lands  which  descended  to  his  Lady  by  ih^ 
death  of  her  brother,  John,  Earl  Palatine  of  Chester :  and  she 
likewise  brought  him  the  castle  of  Kildrummie  and  the  lordship 
of  Garioch,  in  Aberdeenshire,  and  the  manor  of  Connwgton^  io 
Huntingdonshire,  and  Exion,  in  Rutlandshire,  which  three  she 
inherited  from  her  father.  This  great  peer  died  in  an  advanced 
age,  A.D.  1245,  and  had  sepulture,  with  his  ancestors,  under  a 
ptately  monument  at  Gisburne,  leaving,  by  the  said  Isabel, 

Robert  db  Brvs,  Jifth  Lord  of  Annandale,  who  was  one  of 
the  justices  ^  of  the  Common  Pleas  in  1250,  and  in  36  Henry  IIL 
doing  his  ^  homage,  bad  livery  of  the  lands  of  his  mother's  inheri- 
tance. ^  In  38  Hen.  III.  as  one  of  the  coheirs  to  John  Scot,  Earl 
of  Huntingdon,  on  assessment  of  the  aid  for  making  the  King's 
eldest  son  knight,  he  paid  twenty  pounds  for  ten  knight's  fees.  In 
thirty-nine  Henry  III.  *  he  was  constituted  sheriff  of  Cumber^ 
land,  and  governor  of  the  castle  of  Carlisle.  In  forty-eighth 
Henry  III.  when  many  of  the  Barons  ^  put  themselves  in  arms 
on  pretence  of  asserting  the  laws  of  the  land,  and  the  people's 
liberties,  he  was  one  of  those  who  stood  firm  to  the  King,  and 
marched  with  him  from  Oxford  to  Northampton,  where  the  re- 
bellious Barons  then  were,  with  a  great  power ;  and  on  the  assault 
of  that  town  took  several  prisoners.  But  soon  after,  on  May  14th, 
1264,  when  the  Barons  (through  the^  help  of  the  Londoners) 
gave  battle  to  the  King  at  Lewes  in  Sussex,  where  they  prevailed, 
he  was  (together  with  the  King  himself,  and  divers  other  great 
lords)  taken  prisoner;  having,  at  that  time  (together  with  John 
Gumming)  the  command  of  those  Scotch  auxiliaries,  in  King 
Henry's  service.  But  the  King  obtaining  his  right  by  the  victory 
at  Evesham,  on  August  5th,  1265,  ™  he  was  in  51  Hen.  III.  again 
made  governor  of  the  castle  of  Carlisle. 

In  1290,  after  the  death  of  Margaret,  Queen  of  Scotland^ 
daughter  of  Eric  II.  King  of  Norway,  and  gmd-daughler  and 
undoubted  heir  of  Alexander  III.  before  mentioned,  ^  he  was  one 
of  the  competitors  for  the  Scottish  crown  with  John  Baliol,  the 
other  claimants  suit  being  set  aside,  when  the  right  of  succession 
was  declared  to  be  betwixt  these  two  candidates.     It  was  allied, 


'  Mat.  Paris,  p.  780,  n-  to.  g  Rot.  Fin.  36  Hen.  tit.  m  15. 

^  Rot  Pip.  38  Hen.  III.  Essex  and  Hertf. 

»  Fat.  39  Hen.  III.  m  3-  ^  Mat.  FarU,  p. 993*  n. 50. 

^  Ibid-  p.  995.  *"  Pat.  51  Hen.  III.  m-  30. 

•  Hect.  Boet  291,  a. 


feARL  OP  AVLESBURY.  1 1 J 

%iiiong  other  arguments,  for  Robert  Bruce,  that  it  was  customary, 
to  Scotland,  for  the  brother  of  the  last  King  to  be  preferred  to  his 
aoDj  and  adduced  an  example  of  Donald  V*s  succeeding  to  the 
throne,  A.D.  854,  in  preference  to  King  Constantine  II.  the  son 
of  his  elder  brother  King  Kenneth  11.  commonly  called  Mac 
Alpin :  that  King  Alexander  H.  who  died  in  1249,  esteemed 
Robert  as  his  heir,  in  failure  of  the  descendants  of  his  own  body, 
«ven  to  the  knowledge  of  Dornagild  (or  Derveguld)  his  (Robert's) 
mother's  elder  sister,  and  John  BalioKs  mother,  who  was  then 
alive,  and  assented  to  it,  at  least  did  not  contradict  it,  having  no 
oiale  issue  of  her  own :  that  it  was  a  constant  maxim  in  Scot- 
land, for  the  son  of  the  second  daughter  to  be  preferred  to  the 
heir  female  of  the  eldest  daughter :  and  that  King  Alexander  III, 
«±nowledged  this  Robert  to  be  next  heir  to  the  crown,  failing 
heirs  of  his  own  body  i  all  which  was  offered  to  be  proved  by 
living  witnesses.  It  was  urged  for  John  Baliol,  that  he  stood  ope 
degree  nearer  in  consanguinity  to  David  Earl  of  Huntingdon  ;  his 
grandmother,  Margaret,  being  eldest  daughter  of  that  Prince; 
and  thai  consequently  the  crown  belonged  to  hiraw  On  that  prin>- 
dple  (though  the  learned  Mr.  Thomas  Ruddiman  has  clearly 
jMOved  the  right  of  representation,  according  to  the  then  rules  of 
sQOcession,  to  have  been  in  Bruce)  the  forty  chosen  peers,  twenty 
of  Scotland,  and  as  many  of  England,  did,  at  the  tenth  congress, 
«n  the  castle  of  Berwick,  ^  on  November  17th,  1292,  declare  John 
Baliol  King  of  Scotland,  by  the  direction  of  Edward  I.  King  of 
£ngland,  who  acted  as  umpire.  After  that  decision,  Robert 
<£ruce,  and  John  Hastings^  Lord  Bergaveony,  who  had  been  one 
of  the  competitors,  in  right  of  his  grandmother,  Ada,  fourth  and 
youngest  daughter  .of  the  aforesaid  David,  Earl  of  Huntingdon,^ 
claimed  each  a  third  part  of  the  kingdom,  but  were  rejected.  I'his 
Robert  was  so  disBatistied  with  the  determination,  that  he  could 
fiever  be  prevailed  upon  either  to  give  up  his  title,  or  acknow- 
ledge King  Edward  superior,  or  John  Baliol  King  of  Scotland  ;  ' 
and  retired  in  great  disgust  to  England,  where,  however,  he  did 
not  long  remain,  but  returned  io  bis  castle  of  Lochmaben.  He 
died  there  in  i2gS,'i  and  was  buried  with  his  ancestors  in  the 
abbey  of  Gisbume. 

He  married  Isabel,  daughter  of  Gilbert  de  Clare,  Earl  of 
Gloucester^  aad  by  her  had  three  sons. 

n  Rymer's  Feed  torn.  li.  p.  55^,  et  seq» 

•  Lclaad*s  Coli-  vol  i.  p.  776.  p  Rymer,  ibid,  p*  589* 

S  Cbron.  Wtlteri  abbatis  da  Gyibunu 

vat.  T.  f 


114  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

First,  Robert,  his  heir. 

Second,  Sir  Bernard  Bruce,  who  got  the  lands  of  ConmngUm 
in  Huntingdonshire,  and  Exton  in  Rutlandshire,  which,  about  the 
end  of  the  reign  of  Edward  III.  went  in  marriage  with  Anne,  the 
sole  heiress  of  this  branch  of  the  illustrious  house  of  Brace,  to  Sir 
Hugh  Wesenham. ' 

Third,  John  de  Bruis,  or  Bruce,  c^  whom  afterwards,  as  oii- 
cestor  io  the  late  Earl  of  Aylesbury, 

Robert,  the  competitor,  had  also,  by  his  said  wife,  a  daughter. 
Christian,  married  to  Patrick  Dunbar,  eighth.  Earl  of  March. 

RoBBBT  Bbitcb,  the  eldest  son,  and  sixth  Lord  ofJnnandaie, 
attended'  Prince  Edward  (afterwards  King  Edward  I.)  into  Pbies- 
tine,  *  where  by  his  courage  and  conduct  he  acquired  great  honour. 
Upon  his  return  from  that  expedition,  be  retired  into  England, 
^  where  he  had  a  considerable  estate.    In  12^5,  he  was  made'  go- 
Ternor  of  the  castle  of  Carlisle,  and  in  that  and  the  two  succeed- 
ing years  had  "  summons  to  parliament  among  the  English  Barons. 
In  the  last  of  those  years,  '  being  called  Robert  de  Bruce,  senior, 
(in  regard  to  his  eldest  son,  Robert,  of  whom  afterwards)  Kii^ 
Edward  acknowledging  his  constant  fidelity,  ordered  him  to  be 
put  in  possession  of  his  lands  in  Scotland.    He  would  never  ac- 
knowledge the  title  of  John  Baliol  $  but  being  cajoled  into  the 
interest  of  King  Edward,  with  the  hopes  of  attaining  the  Scot- 
tish crown  by  that  monarch's  assistance,  he  contributed,  together 
with  his  son  aforesaid,  to  the  English  obtaining  the  victory  at 
Dunbar,  A  D.  1296;  after  which,  putting  Edward  in  mind  of 
bis  promise,  be  received  such  an  answer  as  convinced  him  how 
little  he  had  to  expect  from  that  quarter.    Nevertheless,  being 
constrained  to  accompany  King  Edward  in  his  future  operations, 
he  and  his  said  son  were  with  him  at  the  battle  of  Falkirk,  on 
July  22d,  1298,  when  the  Scots  were  also  defeated. 

He  married  Margaret,  Cotmtess  of  Carrick,  daughter  and  sole 
hdr  of  Neil,  Earl  of  Carrick,  and  widow  of  Adam  de  Kilconath, 
who  in  her  right  was  Earl  of  Carrick,  and  having  accompanied 
this  Robert  to  the  Holy  Land,  died  there  without  issue  in  1272 : 
and  by  her  (in  whose  right  he  also  became  Earl  of  Carrick)  had 
five  SDOS. 


'  Whence  the  Bnicc  Cottons  of  CorniinBtont  and  the  Hanngtons  of 
Eztoii)  were  descended. 

s  Leland,  vol.  i.  p.  772, and  773.  *  Fat  23  Edw.  I.m.  5. 

"  Glaus,  de  iisd.  ann.  *  Rot.  Scoc  %$  Edw.  I.  m.  3. 


EARL  OF  AYLESBURY.  US 

First,  Robert,  his  heio  afterwards  King  of  Scotland  by  the 
oame  of  Robert  L 

Secood,  Sir  Edward  de  Bruce,  who,  signaliziog  himself  in  be- 
half of  his  elder  brother,  was  by  him  created  Earl  tf  Carrick, 
^nd  being  invited  by  a  considerable  number  of  the  Irish  to  he 
their  King,  was  crowned  at  Dundalk,  bat  was  defeated  and  slain 
there,  A.  D.  1318,  without  legitimate  issue.  7' 
Third,  Neil  de  Bruce. 
Fourth,  Thomas  de  Bruce  \  and. 

Fifth,  Alexander  de  Bruce ;  who  were  all  three  put  to  death 
by  command  of  King  Edward  I. 

Robert,  by  the  same  Lady,  had  likewise  seven  daughters; 
first.  Lady  Isabel,  wedded  first  to  Thomas  Randolph,  of  Strath- 
don,  lord  high  chamberlain  of  Scotland  j  secondly,  to  the  Earl  of 
Athdl  'y  and  thirdly,  to  Alexander  Bruce  3  second.  Lady  Mary> 
who  had  two  husbands,  first.  Sir  Neil  Campbell,  ancestor  to  the 
Duke  of  Argyll,  and  secondly.  Sir  Alexander  Eraser,  lord  high 
chamberlain  of  Scotland,  firom  whom  the  Lords  Saltoun,  Lovat^ 
Uc.y  third.  Lady  Christian,  who  was  first  married  to  Gratney 
Marr,  the  eleventh  Earl  of  Marr ;  secondly,  to  Sir  Christopher 
Seton,  ancestor  to  the  Earls  of  Winton  i  and  thirdly,  to  Sir 
Andrew  Moray,  Lord  Bothwell,  chancellor  and  governor  of  Scot* 
land :  fourth.  Lady  Matilda,  wedded  to  Hugh,  Earl  of  Ross  1 
fifth.  Lady  Elizabeth,  to  Sir  William  Disbington,  of.Ardrosa; 
sixth.  Lady  Margaret,  to  Sir  William  Carlyle,  of  Torthorald  j  and 

seventh.  Lady  ,  to  David  de  Brechin,  third  Lord 

Biechin. 

Robert,  their  father>  died  in  1303,  and  was  succeeded  by  his 
eld^t  son, 

RoBEET,  Earl  of  Carrtck,  and  seventh  Ijord  of  Annandale^ 
who  though  obliged  to  temporize,  and  adhere  to  King  Edward,  as 
he  had  a  con5iideaable  estate  in  England,  yet  never  lost  view,  of 
his  right  to  the  Scottish  monarchy.  When  he  judged  the  time 
favourable  for  his  purpose,  he  txMnmunicated  his  intention  to  some 
of  his  professed  friends  :  and  as  John  Cnmming,  Lord  of  Bade- 
noch,  was  (though  stster*s  son  to  John  Baliol)  among  the  number, 
and  ono  of  the  most  powerful  men  in  Scotland,  Robert,  in  order 
to  Bc«cire  km  effisctually  to  his  interest,  agreed  to  make  over  to 

f  He  left  a  natural  iont  on  whpm  his  uncle,  Xing  Robert,  bestowed  the 
^rldom  of  Carriek,  and  who  left  a  daughter  and  hdr,  Helen,  who  married 
Sir  Williain  CuDoinghanif  but  died  s-  p» 


lie  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

him  all  his  paternal  inheritance  in  that  kingdom,  provided  he 
would  assist  him  to  ascend  the  throne.    Cumming  Teadily  em- 
braced the  offer,  as,  in  case  of  a  revolution  in  favour  of  Rtuce,  be 
would  have  been  in  a  situation  little  inferior  to  royal :  but  at  last, 
doubting  the  success  of  the  enterprize,  or  actuated  by  the  hopes 
of  an  ample  reward,  or  perhaps  of  obtaining  the  crown  for  him*^ 
self,  (John  Baliol  having  been  dethroned  by  King  Edward  about 
nin^  years  before,  and  then  living  in  exile)  he  disclosed  the 
whole  transaction  to  the  King  of  England.    Robert  Bruce  was 
then  at  London,  and  had  such  early  notice  of  bis  being  betrayed, 
that  he  made  his  escape  to  Scotland,  though  not  without  some 
hazard  and  difficulty.     At  his  arrival  there,  his  partizans  were  so 
enraged  at  Cumroing*s  treachery,  tliat  some  of  them,  on  February 
10th,  1306,  put  him  to  death  in  the  church  of  Dumfi-ies,  whither, 
conscious  of  his  guilt,  he- had  fied  for  refuge.     Robert,  having 
then  collected  a  small  body  of  men,  proceeded  to  his  palace  of 
Scoon,  where  he  was  crowned  on  Palm  Sunday,  March  27th,  * 
1306.     Re  had  enjoyed  his  royalty  but  a  short  space,  when  he 
was  defeated  by  an  army  sent  against  him  by  King  Edward  I.  after 
which  he  was  obliged  to  live  in  an  obscure  condition  for  a  consi- 
derable time,  during  which  his  enemies  tried  every  method  their 
invention  could  suggest,  either  to  captivate  or  destroy  him  :  but 
bang  endowed  with  a  large  share  of  magnanimity  and  sagacity, 
and  hb  partizans  being  likewise  possessed  of  the  same  qualitiesj 
as  well  as  an  inviolable  fidelity,  all  the  schemes  against  him 
proved  abortive.     In  a  few  years  he  became  absolute  master  of 
Scotland,  of  which  he  not  only  secured  quiet  and  respectable  pos<* 
sesbioQ  by  the  signal  victory  obtained  at  Bannockbum,  on  Juno 
24th,  1314,  over  a  numerous  army  commanded  by  King  Edward 
II.  but  was  also  enabled  to  carry  the  war  with  success  into  the 
territories  of  his  adversary.    The  Scottish  historians,  considering 
this  monarch  as  the  deliverer  of  his  country  from  foreign  subjec* 
tton,  and  the  restorer  of  its  independency,  characterize  him  as  a 
Prince  qualified  equally  for  the  cabinet  and  field ;  and,  exclusive 
of  the  many  heroes  produced  by  his  family,  sufficient  not  only  to 
render  it,  but  even  a  whole  kingdom,  illustrious. 

His  Majesty  was  twice  married }  first,  to  Isal)el,  daughter  of 
I>onald,  tenth  Earl  of  Marr,  and  sister  to  the  aforesaid  Gratney, 

■  Some  writen  have  affixed  this  solemnity  to  the  asth  of  that  month,  but 
erron«buslx»  for  th«  dominical  letter  of  that  ytar  was  B.  and  Easter  fdl  «i 
April  |4l- 


EARL  OF  AYLESBURY,  1J7 

'Earl  of  Marr;  and  secondly,  to  Elizabeth,  daughter  to  Henry  de 
Bargb,  Earl  of  Ulster  in  Ireland.    By  the  first  he  had  a  daughter^ 
Kargery,  wedded  to  Waltbr,  lord  high  steward  of  Scotland,. 
who  by  her  was  father  of  a  son,  Robbrt  Stbwart,  afterwards 
monarch  of  that  kingdom,  by  the  natne  of  Robbrt  IL  and  also  of 
a  danghter,  Egldia,  or  Giles,  married  to  Sir  Jannes  Lindsay,  of 
Crawford.    King  Robert,  by  his  second  consort,  had  an  only  son> 
David,  his  successor  3  and  likewise  three  daughters,  first,  Mar- 
garet, espoused  to  William,  fifth  Earl  of  Sutherland  $    second, 
Mathilda,  wedded  to  Thomas  de  Issac:  and  third,  Elizabeth, 
wedded  to  Sir  Walter  Oliphant. 

King  Robert  departed  this  life  on  June  gth,  1329,  and  his 
only  son,  before^-meniioned;  mounted  the  Scottish  throne,  by  the 
name  of  David  II.  who  was  then  in  the  ninth  year  of  his  age, 
and  lately  espoused  to  Joanna,  sister  to  King  Edward  III.  of  Eng« 
land.  The  tranquillity  of  his  reign  was  soon  disturbed  by  Ed- 
ward, John  Bailors  son,  who,  landing  in  Scotland,  A.D.  1332, 
accompanied  by  divers  English  noblemen  claiming  lands  in  that 
kingdom,  and  being  reinforced  by.  the  adherents  of  his  family, 
routed  the  Bruceans,  and  got  himself  crowned  King.  This  dis- 
aster, together  with  the  discomfiture  of  the  Scottish  army,  next 
year,  at  Halidon  hill,  obliged  the  regents  to  send  David  and  his 
Queen  to  France.  However,  his  partizans  acted  with  such  per- 
severance,  that  they  expelled  Edward  Baliol,  and  David  returned 
to  Scotland  on  May  3d,  1342.  After  bis  re-establishment,  he 
made  several  expeditions  into  England,  to  make  a  diversion  in 
favour  of  the  French :  but  on  October  l/th,  1346,  his  army  was 
routed,  and  himself  wounded  and  taken  prisoner,  at  Nevil's  Croat 
near  Durham.  Several  treaties  were  set  on  foot  for  his  liberty) 
but  none  took  efiect  till  1357 p  when  he  was  ransomed  for  100,000 
marks  sterling.  King  David  was  twice  married :  first,  to  the 
before-mentioned  Joanna,  daughter  of  Edward  II.  King  of  Eng- 
land, and,  secondly,  to  Jane,  daughter  (some  say  widow)  of  Sir 
John  Logie,  of  Logic ;  but  having  no  issue  by  either,  at  his  death, 
on  February  27th,  13^0,  the  crown  devolved  to  Lis  nephew, 
Robbrt  Stbwart,  before  taken  notice  of,  whose  right,  upon  the 
decease  of  the  said  Edward  Baliol,  without  heirs  of  his  body, 
became  unquestionable,  in  the  strictest  sense  of  hereditary  suc- 
cession. 

Having  thus  deduced  the  principal  male  branch  of  this  fan;»ily. 
Lord  Bruce's  collateral  relations,  we  return  to  John  pe  Bruis,  or 
BaucBi  third  son  of  Robert,  fifth  Lord  6f  Aiinandale,  compe- 


118  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

titor  for  the  crown  of  Scotland^  his  Lordship's  immediate  an- 
cestor. 

Sir  Robert^  grandson  *  of  this  John,  is  styled  beloved  and 
faithful  cousin  by  King  David  H.  (son  of  King  Robert  I.)  in  a 
charter,  dated  December  pth,  I35g,  which  he  got  from  that 
monarch,  of  the  castle  and  manor  of  Clackmannan,  Gyrmanstonj, 
Garclew,  Wester  Kennault,  Pitfoluden,  with  divers  other  lands^ 
all  within  the  shire  of  Clackmannan.  He  likewise  obtained  a 
charter,  dated  October  20th,  1365,  of  the  lands  of  Gyrmanston> 
Kennet,  and  other  possessions,  in  the  aforesaid  county,  contained 
in  the  preceding  charter,  to  him  and  the  lawful  heirs  male  of  bis 
body.  Sir  Robert,  moreover,  on  January  i7th,  IS69,  got  a 
charter  of  the  lauds  of  Rait,  in  Perthshire,  with  the  same  limita* 
tioB  as  in  the  foregoing  charter ;  being  called,  in  both>  the  King*& 
beloved  cousin,  &c.  a  designation  to  which  he  was  justly  entitled, 
being  the  nearest  relation^  of  the  name  of  Bruce,  to  the  royal 
ftmily.  This  gentleman  (from  whom  every  person  of  the  sor^ 
Dame  of  Bruce  is  descended)  bore  the  arms  of  the  Lords  of  Annan* 
dale^  his  ancestors,  viz.  Or,  a  chief  and  saltire,  gules,  with  a  star  or' 
mullet  on  the  chief  to  denote  his  descent  firom  a  third  son  of  that 
illustrious  house :  but  his  posterity,  upon  the  extinction  of  the 
elder  male  branches,  laid  aside  the  star,  and  carried  the  arms 
simply,  as  undonbted  chiefs  of  the  whole  name.  Sir  Robert  mar- 
ried Dame  Isabel  Stewart,  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Stewart,  an- 
cestor of  the  Stewarts  of  Roijrthe ;  and  by  her  had  five  sons. 

First,  Sir  Robert,  his  heir. 

Second,  Edward,  progenitor  to  the  Braces  of  Airth,  fronx 
whom  the  Braces  of  Earlshall,  Kinloch,  Bunzion,  ice. 

Thirds  Alexander,  ancestor  of  the  Bruces  of  Garbot,  &c. 

Foarth, ,  of  whom  the  Bruces  of  Munas,  &c.  are  de-^ 

toendedj  and^ 

Fifth,  Jamesy  who  was  bred  an  ecclesiastic,  and  became  a 
great  ornament  to  his  profession,  by  his  piety  and  learning.    He 


*  It  must  bt  observed,  that  here  is  a  scneration  unaccounted  for.  Cra^v 
ibrd  says,  <*  That  the  ancient  and  noble  family  of  Clackmanan  is  branched 
fiom  the  Earls  of  Carrick  all  our  antiquaries  do  agree,  though  they  do  not  de» 
duce  the  line  of  that  descent  in  each  point  alike.  To  the  intent  that  it  may 
clearly  appear  that  it  is,  I  thought  fit  to  take  notice,  that  king  David  II. 
joade  a  grant  to  Robert  Bruce,  diUctoco/uangutneotw,  of  thecastle  and  barony 
tit  CUtkmaumM  the  thirty-ninth  year  of  his  reign,  vrhkh  is  sufficient  to  shew 
he  was  of  the  said  King's  kindred.*'  Crawfurd  cites  Sir  George  MKlLensic's 
C^UectioBS  fiQin  the  publie  aichiyes  of  the  kingdom..  * 


EARL  OF  AYLESBURY.  •  lift 

was  bishop  of  Dunkeldj  in  1441^  chancellor  of  Scotland,  in  1444«. 
archbishop  of  Glasgow,  in  144 7>  and  died  in  that  year. 

Sir  Robert^  by  the  same  I«ady,  was  also  father  of  a  daughtar«. 
Helen,  married  to  David  Ross,  of  Balnagowan,  male  representa* 
five  of  the  ancient  Earls  of  Ross ;  but  that  representation  is  now 
in  Mr.  Ross  of  Pitcalny. 

Sir  BoBBBT  Brucb,  the  eldest  son,  succeeded  his  father  before 
1393  :  for  on  August  12th,  that  year,  be  got,  upon  his  o^n  re^ 
signation,  a  charter,  dated  at  Linlithgow,  of  the  lands  of  Rait, 
aforesaid,  to  himself  in  life-rent,  and  in  fee  to  the  heirs  male  of 
his  body ;  in  failure  of  which,  to  his  nearest  heirs  whatsoever. 
On  Octobec  24th,  1394,  he  got  a  charter  of  the  lands  of  Clack* 
mannan^  &c.  to  himself  in  life-rent,  and  to  the  heirs  male  of  his 
body  in  fee ;  which  fatliiig,  to  return  to  the  King  5  and  in  both 
the  said  charters  he  is  styled  his  Majesty's  beloved  cousin.  Sir 
Robert  died  in  1405,  and  having  married  a  daughter  of  Sir  John 
Scrymgeour,  of  Dudhop,  in  the  county  of  Angus,  who  enjoyed 
the  hereditary  offices  of  standard  bearer  of  Scotland,  and  con* 
stable  of  Dundee,  had  by  her  two  sons. 

First,  Sir  David,  his  heir  j  and. 

Second,  Thomas,  to  whom  he  gave  the  lands  of  Wester 
Kenneth. 

Sir  David  B&ucb,  of  Clackmannan,  the  eldest  son,  was,  in 
the  last-mentioned  charter  granted  to  his  £ither,  styled  the  King's 
beloved  cousin,  &c.  and  on  October  6th,  1406,  made  a  renun* 
ciation  of  the  tythes  of  the  mills  of  Clackmannan  to  the  canons 
regular  of  Cambuskenneth.  By  Jane  his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir 
John  Stewart,  of  Innermeath  and  Lorn,  he  was  father  of  two  sons, 
viz.  John,  his  successor,  and  Patrick  Brace,  who,  in  144p,  got  a 
charter,  under  the  great  seal  of  Scotland,  o£  the  lands  of  Hill. 

John,  eldest  son  and  heir  of  Sir  David  Bruce,  of  Clackman^ 
nan,  before-mentioned,  had  a  dispute  with  Lucas  de  Striviline 
(ancestor  to  the  Stirlings  of  Keir,  &c.)  about  certain  lands,  which 
was  terminated  by  a  decree  of  inquest,  dated  April  17th^  1425. 
He  wedded  Elizabeth,  daughter  to  David  Stewart,  of  Rosytbe, 
and  by  her  had  two  sons,  first.  Sir  David,  his  heir;  and,  second, 
Robert,  ancestor  of  the  Bruces,  of  Cultmalindie  in  Perthshire. 
He  di^d  in  1473|  and  was  succeeded  by  his  said  eldest  son, 

Sir  David,  to  whom  he  had  made  a  resignation  of  his  estates 
of  Clackmannan  and  Rait/  on  Mareh  26th  of  that  year  (before 
the  end  of  which  he  departed  this  life),  reserving  hb  own  lile 
tent,  And  a  reasonable  teir£e  to  his  said  wife.    Thia  Sir  Davi< 


A    • 


1»  P££ftAG£  OF  ENGLAND. 

was  in  great  favour  >vith  King  James  IV.  who  conferred  npom 
him  the  honour  of  knighthood.  He  was  twice  married ;  first,  to> 
Janet,  daughter  of  Sir  William  Stirling,  of  Keir  $  and,  secondly, 
to  Marian,  daughter  of  Sir  ilobert  Herries,  of  Terreagles.  By 
the  first  he  had  a  soe,  Robert,  who  got  the  lands  of  Rait,  and 
dying  before  his  father,  lef^,  by  Elizabeth  Lindsay,  bis  wife,  » 
son,  David  Bruce,  who,  on  February  >st,  1506,  signed  a  rennn- 
ckitfoQ  of  his  right  to  the  estate  of  Clackmannan  in  favour  of  Sir 
Davifd,  son  of  Sir  David  his  grandfather  by  the  second  marriage. 
His  male  line  is  extinct  sometime  ago. 

Sir  David,  by  his  second  wife>  had  a  son,  the  aforesaid  Sir 
David  3  and  a  daughter.  Christian^  wedded  to  Sir  James  Schaw, 
of  Sauchie.  He  made  a  resignation  of  the  lands  of  Clackmannao, 
A.  D.  1497,  with  certain  reservations  in  favour  of  the  said 

Sir  David,  his  son  by  the  second  marriage  i  who  thereupon^ 
and  the  renunciation  of  his  nephew  before-imentioned,  got  on  Feb.. 
3d,  1506,  a  charter,  under  the  great  seal,  of  the  lands  and  barony 
of  Clackmamian.  This  Sir  David  was  a  gentleman  of  6ne  parts, 
and  possessed  of  a  very  great  estate,  as  appears  by  the  charters  ho 
obtained  between  the  years  1530  and  \540,  By  Jane  his  wife, 
daughter  of  Sir  Patrick  Blackadder,  of  Tulliallan,  he  had  three 
tons. 

First,  John,  from  whom  the  present  owner  of  Clackmannan.. 

Second,  Sir  Edward  Bruce,  of  whom  more  fully,  as  ancestor 
to  the  late  Earls  of  Aylesbury,  and  of  the  present  Earl  of  Elgin  and 
Kincardine;  and, 

Third,  Robert  Bruce,  of  Lynmilne. 

By  the  saiiie  Lady,  Sir  David  Bruce  had  also  three  daughters ; 
viz.  Alison,  maaried  to  Sir  James  Colvile,  of  Easter  Weroyss^ 
Elizabeth,  to  Alexander  Dundas,  of  Finglassj  and  Marian,  suc- 
cessively wedded  to  Robert  Bruce,  of  Airth,  and  Mains  Sinclair, 
of  Carbcrry. 

Sir  Edward  Bxugk,  second  son  of  Sir  David  Bruce,  of  Clack- 
mannan, above  mentioned,  got  a  charter  of  the  lands  of  Bargadyi, 
Shiresmylne,  &c.  A.  D.  1541  $  but  having  purchased  the  estate  of 
Blair-hall,  he  there  fixed  his  residence,  and  had  his  designation 
therefrom.  He  roanied  Alison,  daughter  of  William  Reid,  of 
Aikcnhead,  in  the  county  of  Clackmannan,  Esq.  and  sister  to  Rol 
bert  K'.'id,  bishop  of  Orkneys  and  by  her  had  three  sons. 

First,  Robert,  who  succeeded  to  the  lands  of  Blair-hall,  and 
whose  male  line  is  extinct* 

Second^  Sir  £dward  Bruce^  of  Kinlots,  of  whom  we  shatt 


r' 


IKKL  Ot  AYLESBURY.  121 

fully  treat^'as  progenitor  to  the  late  Earls  of  Elgin  and  Aylesbary ; 
aod^ 

Third,  Sir  George  Bruce^  of  Camock,  ancestor  to  Thomas, 
DOW  Earl  of  Elgin  and  Kincardin,  who,  foiling  male  issue  of  the 
present  Laird  of  Clackmannan,  will  be  the  undoubted  chief  of  all 
the  Braces  existing. 

Sir  Edward  Beucb,  of  Kinloss,  second  son  of  Sir  Edwaid 
Bruce,  of  Blair-hall  aforesaid,  being  a  person  of  great  learning 
and  eminent  abilities,  was^  sent,  in  1^1,  by  King  James  VI. 
with  the  Earl  of  Marr,  to  congratulate  Qu^en  Elizabeth,  on  her 
success  in  repressing  the  attempt  of  Robert  Devereui,  Earl  of 
Essex,  and  then  settled  such  a  correspondence  with  Sir  Robert 
Cecil,  ^  principal  secretary  of  state,  that  he  was  eminently  instru- 
meotal  in  the  peaceable  accession  of  King  James  to  the  crown  of 
England.  In  recompence  of  those  faithful  senrices,  he  had,  soon 
after  his  return  to  Scotland,  a  grant  of  the  dissolved  abbey  of  Kin* 
loss,  in  the  shire  of  Elgin;  and  by  letters  patent,  dated  at  Holy, 
rood-house,  February  22d,  l603,  was  created  Lord  Bruce,  of  Kin- 
lass,  with  remainder  to  his  heirs  male  for  ever.  That  year  he  ac- 
companied his  Majesty  into  Englaod,  and  on  July  8th,  1 604,  was 
made  master  of  the  rolls  during  life.  His  Lordship  was  of  the 
privy-council  to  his  Majesty  in  both  kingdoms,  and  dying  in  the 
sixty.second  year  of  his  age,  on  January  14th,  I6l0,  was  buried 
pn  the  north  side  of  the  altar  in  the  chapel  of  the  Rolls  in  Chan- 
ceiy-lane,  where  a  fair  monument  is  erected  to  his  memory,  with 
his  effigies  at  length,  habited  as  roaster  of  the  rolls,  and  thi* 
epitaph : 

FUIMUS. 

Sacne  memoruB 

Domini  Edwards  Bruce,  Baronis 

Bruce,  Kiniossensisj  Sacrorum  Scriniorum 

Magistri,  dkahsm.     Qui  ohiii  14  Jan.  Sal.  l6l(X 

JSiat.  62,    Jacobs  Regis  6. 

Bruaus  Edwardus  situs  hie,  (Sf  Scolus  {ff  Anghu, 

Scoius  ui  ortu,  Anglus  sic  ^riundus  avis } 

Regno  in  ulroque  decus  tulit  aucius  honoribus  amplis, 

Regi  a  ConsiRis  Regni  utriusquefuit: 

Conjuge,  prole,  nuro,  genero,  spe,  reque  beaiusi 

Vivere  nos  docui$,  nunc  docet  ecce  mors. 

h  Spotswood's  Hist.  p.  463. 
c  The  late  Lord  HsUei  published  this  correspondence  in  one  vol.  tsoM. 


129  P££RAG£  OF  ENGLAND. 

He  took  to  wife  Magdalen^  daughter  of  ^exander  Clerk,  of 
Balbirme  in  Fife,  Esq.  and  by  ber  had  two  sons  and  two  daughters  j; 
Edward;  Thomas;  Janet,  married  to  Thomas  Dalziel,  ofBinns, 
in  the  county  of  Linlithgow^  Esq. ;  and  Christian,  <^  wedded  to 
'William  Cavendish^  second  ^rl  of  Devonshire,  ancestor  to  his 
Grace  the  present  Duke  of  Devonshire.  She  died  in  January, 
1^4,  tnd  was  buried  in  the  vault  belonging  to  her.  husband's 
fiunily,  at  Derby, 

Edwaho,  second  Lord  Bruce,  ofKinloss,  his  eldest  son,  was 
made  Knight  of  the  Bath  at  the  creation  of  Henry  Prince  of 
Wales,  A.  D.  l6lO,  and  afterwards  one  of  the  gentkmen  of  the 
bed-chamber  to  King  James  I.  But  in  l6l3,  had  the  misfortune 
to  fall  into  a  fatal  quarrel  with  Sir  pdward  Sackville,  (afterwards 
Earl  of  Doraet)  of  which  there  is  a  full  account  in  the  Duke  of 
Dorset's  pedigree  -,  and  being  slain  by  him  in  a  duel,  Thomas,  hi^ 
brother,  became  his  heir. 

Which  Thomas,  third  Lord  Bruce ,  ofKinloss,  was  in  great 
favour  with  King  Charles  I.  and  having  attended  him  at  his  coro- 
nation in  Scotland,  on  June  18tb,  1()33,  was  by  letters  patent 
dated  three  days  afterwards,  at  Holyrood-house,  created  Earl 
of  Elgin  in  that  kingdom,  with  like  remainder  as  the  barony  of 
Kinloss.  He  was  also,  on  August  lstAl64l,'  advanced  to  the 
degree  of  a  Baron  of  England,  by  the  title  of  Lo&d  Brucb,  of 
WUORI.TON,  in  ike  county  of  York, 

He  married  two  wives ;  first,  Anne,  daughter  to  Sir  Robert 
Chichester,  of  Raleigh  in  com.  Devon.  Knight  of  the  Bath,  by 
Anne  his  wife,  one  of  the  daughters  and  coheirs  of  John  Lor4 
Haringtonj  and,  secondly,  Diana,  one  of  the  daughters  and  co- 
heirs of  William  Lord  Burghley,  son  and  heir  to  Thomas  Earl  of 
Exeter,  and  widow  of  Henry  Vwe,  Earl  of  Oxford. 

By  the  last  Lady  he  had  no  issue  3  but  by  the  first,  who  died  ^ 
March  20th,  1627,  and  is  buried  at  Exton  in  Rutlandshire,  he  left 
Robert  bis  son  and  heir.  >  His  Lordship  died  on  December  21st, 
1663,  and  was  buried  at  Maulden  in  Bedfordshire,  on  the  31st  of 
the  same  month. 

Which  Robert,  secmd  Earl  of  Elgin,  and  first  Earl  of 
Atlbsbvby,  was,  with  Thomas  Wentworth,  Earl  of  Cleveland, 

4  So  bsMHiced*  beinc  bom  00  Christinas  day.  She  was  a  patroness  oi 
learned  ineni  &c.   See  title  Devonshire  in  vol.  i. 

e  Pat.  17  Car.  I.  p.  1. 

'  Wright's  Antiquities  of  Rutlandshirei  fol  {9. 

■  Wood's  Fasti  Oxon,  vol  i.  p.  88^ 


EARL  OP  AYLESBURY.  123 

<m  July  26th^  1660,  constituted  jointly  or  separately  lords  lieute- 
nants of  tbe  county  of  Bedford  i  and  having  given  proofs  of  bis 
loj'alty  to  King  Charles  I.  in  his  troubles,  and  been  instrumental 
in  the  happy  restoration  of  his  rojalson,  was,  on  March  18th, 
l663-4y*  created  Baron  B&ucb,  of  Skblton^  in  the  county  of 
York  i  Viscount  Bbucb,  of  AmpthiUj  tn  com.  Bedford;  and 
£abi.  of  Aylesbury,  in  com.  Bucks.  On  March  29th,  1667/ 
he  was  constituted  sole  lord  lieutenant  of  tbe  county  of  Bedford, 
00  the  death  of  the  Earl  of  Cleveland,  aforesaid,  and  the  King, 
the  same  year,  having  promised  both  houses  of  parliament,  that 
he  would  constitute  commissioners  for  taking  the  accounts  of  such 
nK>nies  as  had  been  raised  and  assigned  to  his  Majesty  during  the 
late  war  with  tbe  Dutch,  his*Lordship  was  one  of  the  six  peers, 
who,  with  twelve  of  the  house  of  commons,  were  commissioned 
lor  that  inquiry.  On  October  18th,  167S,  be  was  sworn  of  the 
privy-council  to  his  Majesty  5  and  in  the  same  reign  was  one  of 
tbe  gentlemen  of  tbe  royal  bed-chamber ;  and  in  commission  for 
executing  the  office  of  earl-marshal  of  England,  as  deputy  to 
Henry  Dake  of  Norfolk. 

On  the  accession  of  King  James  II.  to  the  throne,  he  was  one 
of  the  lords,  who  at  the  coronation,  April  23d,  l685,  bore  St.  Ed- 
ward's staff,  and  on*^  July  30th  following,  was  appointed  lord 
Gbamberlain  of  his  household  :  but  on  October  20th  following,  ^ 
departed  this  life  at  his  seat  at  Ampthill,  and  was  there  burled. 
Wood,  in  his  Fasti  Oxonienses,  vol.  i.  p.  887,  gives  him  this 
diaracter :  ''  He  was  a  learned,  person,  and  otherwise.well  quali- 
fied ;  was  well  versed  in  English  history  and  antiquities,  a  lover 
of  all  such  as  were  professors  of  those  studies,  and  a  curious  col« 
lector  of  manuscripts,  especially  of  those  which  related  to  England, 
and  English  antiquities.  Besides  also,  he  was  a  lover  of  the  rtr 
gular  clergy,  as  those  of  BedfcM'dshire  and  Bucks  know  well 
eooogh." 

He  married  Diana,  daughter  to  Henry  Grey,  first  Earl  of 
Stamford,  by  whom  he  had  issue  eight  sons. 

Edward,  Robert,  Charles,  Henry,  and  Bernard,  who  died 
young. 

Sixth,  Thomas. 

Seventh,  Robert;  and, 

Kighth,  James,  who  survived  him. 

I  Bill.  Sign.  16  Car.  II. 
^  Hist  of  Engl.  vol.  iii.  p.  439.  j  Ibid.  p.  440. 


124  F£KR4G£  OF  ENGLAND 

And  niae  daughters,  of  whom.  Lady  Diana  was  oianied  to 
Sir  Seymour  Shirley,  of  Stanton  Harold,  iu  com.  Leicester,  Bart.f 
and  afterwards  to  John,  first  Duke  of  Rutland ;  Lady  Anne,  to 
Sir  William  Rich,  of  Sunning,  in  com.  Berks,  Bart.  $  Lady  Chri»- 
tian,  first  to  John  Rolle,  Esq.  <"  eldest  son  of  Sir  John  Rolle,  of 
Stevenstone,  in  com.  Devon,  Knight  of  ihe  Bath,  afterwards  to 
Sir  Robert  Gayer,  of  Stoke  Poges,  in  com.  Bucks,  Knight  of  the 
Bath,  and  died  on  April  6th,  1720 ;  Lady  Mary,  to  Sir  William 
Walters,  of  Saresden,  in  com.  Oion,  Bart. ;  Lady  Arabella,  died 
unmarried  i  Lady  Anne  Charlotte,  married  Nicholas  Baganall^  of 
Newry  in  the  kingdom  of  Ireland,  and  Place  Neudd,  in  the  Isle 
of  Anglesey,  Esq. ;  Lady  Henrietta,  wedded  Thomas  Ogle,  Esq. 
only  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Ogle^  gotN:mor  of  Chelsea-ooUege ;  and 
Ladies  Christiana  and  Elizabeth  died  young. 

Thomas,  his  eldest  surviog  son,  succeeded  him  as  third  EofI 
of  Elgin,  and  sbqono  Earl  op  Aylesbury.  He  married  on 
August  3l8t,  1676,  Elizabeth,  third  and  only  surviving  daughter 
of  Henry  Lord  Beauchamp,  son  of  William  Marquis  of  Hertford, 
afterwards  second  Duke  of  Somerset,  and  at  the  death  of  hot 
brother,  William,  third  Duke  of  Somerset,  on  September  26th, 
1671,  sole  heir  #0  Totienham-park,  and  Savemake  forest  in  WtU^ 
sUre,  besides  divers  estates  in  that  and  other  counties,  now  in  the  ' 
possession  of  the  present  Earl  of  Aylesbury.  The  Earl  of  Aylea- 
bury*s  issue,  by  her,  were  four  sons  and  two  daughters. 

Lady  Elizabeth,  eldest  daughter,  was  married  to  George,  third 
Earl  of  Cardigan;  and  Lady  Mary,  the  youngest  (of  whom  her 
mother  died  in  childbed,  on  January  12th,  iGgd-y),  deceased  on 
April  2d,  1698. 

Elizabeth,  Countess  of  Aylesbury,  their  mother,  had  a  warrant 
from  King  Charles  IL  June  28th,  1672,  granting  her  the  title  of 
Lady,  and  the  place  and  precedency  of  a  daughter  of  the  Duke  of 
Somerset,  notwithstanding  her  father,  Henry  Lord  Beauchamp, 
died  in  the  lifetime  of  her  grandfather,  William  Duke  of  So- 
merset. 

His  Lordship  was*^  amongst  those  peers  who  offered  their 
service  to  King  James,  on  the  Prince  of  Orange's  embarking  bis 
troops  for  England :  but  on  that  King's  withdrawing  from  White- 
ball,  on  December  10th,  1688,  in  order  to  embark  for  France,  the 
lords  spiritual  and  temporal,  in  and  about  Westminster,  met  at 

^  Psdicrsa  of  Rolle»  by  John  Waiburton*  Esq.  Somerset  Hendd- 
A  Hist,  of  Eofftaadt  vol.  U-  p.  523. 


EARL  OP  AYLESBUftY.  iid 

Oatldhall  the  next  day",  and,  sending  for  the  Lord  Mayor,  drew 
op  a  declaration^  which  was  signed  by  the  Archbishops  of  Canttr^ 
bcary  and  York,  the  Earls  of  Pembroke,  Dorset,  and  twenty-five 
other  peers  i  ^  among  which  the  Earl  of  Aylesbury  was  the  seven* 
teenth  that  subscribed  to  it,  and  agreed  to  the  sending  it  to  the 
Prince  of  Orange.  The  declaration  sets  forth,  **  That  his  Ma- 
jesty having  withdrawn  himself,  in  order  to  his  departure  out  of 
the  kingdom,  by  the  pernicious  councils  of  persons  ill-efiected  to 
our  nation  and  feligion ;  we  cannot,  without  being  wanting  to 
our  duty,  be  silent  under  these  calamities,  wherein  the  popish 
councils,  which  so  long  prevailed,  have  miserably  involved  these 
realms.  We  do  therefore  unanimously  resolve  to  apply  ourselves 
to  his  Highness  the  Prince  of  Orange,  who,  with  so  great  kind- 
ness to  these  kingdoms,  so  vast  expense>  and  so  much  hazard  to 
his  own  person,  hath  undertaken,  by  endeavouring  to  procure  a 
free  parliament,  to  rescue  us,  with  as  little  effusion  as  possible  of 
Christian  blood,  from  the  imminent  dangers  of  popeiy  and  slavery. 
*'  And  we  do  hereby  declare,  that  we  will,  with  our  utmost  en- 
deavours, assist  his  Highness  in  obtaining  such  a  parliament  with 
all  speed,  wherein  our  laws,  our  liberties>  and  properties,  may  be 
secured,  the  church  of  England  in  particular,  with  a  due  liberty 
to  protestant  dissenters;  and  in  general,  the  protestant  religion 
and  interest,  over  the  whole  world,  may  be  supported  and  en- 
couraged, to  the  glory  of  God,  the  happiness  of  the  established 
leligion  in  these  kingdoms,  &c.** 

They  further  declared,  that  they  would,  as  much  as  in  them 
lay,  preserve  the  peace  of  London  and  Westminster  ^  and  would 
disarm  all  papists,  and  secure  all  Jesuits  and  Romish  priests,  who 
were  in  and  about  the  same  :  and  if  there  were  any  thing  more  to 
be  performed  by  them,  for  promoting  his  Highness*s  generous  in- 
tentions for  the  public  good,  they  should  be  ready  to  do  it,  as  oc« 
•asion  should  require. 

The  Earl  of  Aylesbury  acquiesced  in  those  measures,  as  they 
were  apparently  the  only  means  of  reconciling  the  King  and 
people,  and  were  entirely  consonant  to  the  Prince  of  Orange's  de- 
claration, wherein  he  made  not  the  least  insinuation  of  a  view  to 
the  crown.  When  the  King  was  stopt  at  Feversham  on  Dec. 
14th,  from  going  over  to  France,  on  the  news  thereof,  the  peers 
and  privy-council  met,  and,  after  some  debates,  they  appointed 
thisi*  Earl  of  Aylesbury,  William  Paston,  Earl  of  Yarmouth, 

•  Hist,  of  Sot.  vol.  ii.  p.  533.  p  Ibid  vx>l  Hi.  p  5s€. 


1216  ^EBRAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

Lewis  Dunia^  Earl  of  Feversbam^  and  Charles  Middktoo,  Earl  of 
MiddletOD,  to  wait  oa  his  Majesty^  to  invite  his  return  to  his 
palace  at  Whitehall  3  to  which  lie  shewed  some  relactaoce^  jet  at 
last  condescended  to  their  request.  Afterwards,  when  the  Prinoe*a 
orders  were  communicated  by  three  peers,  about  one  in  the  mom« 
log  of  December  J  8th,  to  the  King  then  in  bed,  for  his  Majesty 
to  quit  his  palace  of  Whitehall^  the  Earl  of  Aylesbury,  n  with  £d«- 
ward  Henry  Lee,  Earl  of  Litchfield,  James>  Earl  of  Arran  (after^ 
wards  Duke  of  Hamilton),  and  George  Douglas,  Earl  of  Dun- 
barton,  went  with  the  King  in  his  barge,  who  had  J  00  of  the 
Princess  Dutch  forces  to  guard  him  to  Rochester.     The  same  day 
the  Prince  came  to  St.  James*s,  and  the  King  determining  on 
going  to  France,  about  three  in  the  morning  of  December  2dd> 
privately  withdrew  hlmr  T,  ^  without  communicating  his  design 
to  any  of  hb  lords,  not  even  the  Earl  of  Dunbartou,  who  lay  in 
bis  chamber,  and  did  not  awake  till  he  was  gone.    The  Earl  of 
Aylesbury  returned  to  Ixmdon  1  but  never  took  the  oaths  to  King 
William  and  Queen  Mary.    In  1690,  whilst  King  William  was 
in  Ireland,  the  French^  after  defeating  the  English  fleet,  under 
the  Earl  of  Torrington,  threatened  a  descent,  in  England ;  and 
Ctocen  Mary,  using  all  precautions  to  obviate  the  danger  thereof^ 
published  a  proclamation,  on  July  5tb,  for  apprehending  Edward 
Henry,  Earl  of  Litchfield,  *  Thomas>  Earl  of  Aylesbury,  William 
Lord  Montgomery  (son  to  William  Marquis  of  Powis),  and  divers 

• 

others,  suspected  to  adhere  to  their  Majesties  enemies  in  the  ex* 
pected  invasion.  However,  his  Lordship  was  not  impnsoned  on 
that  occasion  5  for  on  January  5th  following,  l6gQ-X,  King  Wil- 
liam '  gave  the  royal  assent  to  '^  An  act  to  enable  Thomas  Earl  of 
Aylesbury,  and  Elizabeth  Countess  of  Aylesbury,  his  wife,  to 
make  provision  for  payment  of  debts,  and  to  make  leases  of  their 
estates."  In  l6g5,  the  Earl  of  Aylesbury  was  accused  with  hav- 
ing been  **  at  a  meeting,  in  May,  at  the  Old  King*s-head  Tavern 
in  Leadenhall-street,  Ixndon^  with  the  Lord  Montgomery^  Sir 
John  Friend,  Sir  John  Fenwick,  Mr.  Robert  Charnock,  and  others^ 
when  they  consulted  how  to  restore  King  James ;  whereupon  be 
was  committed  to  the  Tower,  in  February  J  695-6.  The  Countessj 
hiA  wife,  was  so  afflicted  at  his  Lordship's  confinement,  that  she 
died  in  childbed  on  January  12th,  1 696-7 ;  but  the  Earl,  her  hua-» 
band,'  was  admitted  to  bail  on  February  I2tb  following. 

,  Hist,  of  £ng>  vol.  Ui.  p.  537*  ^  Ibid.  p.  538*  ■  Ibid.  p.  603. 

*  Ibid.  p.  6of •  •  Ibid.  p.  703.  .       *•  pointer's  Chron.  Hist.  p.  43?. 


EARL  OF  AYLESBURY.  tVj 

Hit  Lordibip  afterwards  having  obtained  King  William's  leafd 
to  rende  at  Brussels^  he  there  married,  secondly^  Charlotte 
CouDtess  of  Sannn,  of  the  ancicai  and  noble  house  of  Argenteatt> 
in  the  datchy  of  Brabant ;  and  by  her,  who  died  at  Brussels  on 
Joly  23d,  1710,  N.  S.  in  the  thirty-first  year  of  her  age,  had  an 
only  daughter,  Cbadotte  Maria,  who  was  married,  in  1722,  to  tht 
Prince  of  Home,  one  of  the  Princes  of  the  empire,  and  died  at 
Brussels,  on  November  I'Sth,  1736,  leaving  several  children. 

His  Lordship  died  at  Brussels  in  November  1 741 ,  in  the  eighty* 
sisth  year  of  his  age  5  and  was  succeeded  in  his  honours  by  bis 
only  surviving  son, 

Cbablss,  third  Earl  op  Atlbsbuet,  and  fourth  EaH  of 
EigtM,  who,  in  the  lifetime  of  his  &ther,  was  summoned  by  writ 
to  the  bouse  of  peers,  by  the  title  of  Lord  Bruce,  of  Whorlton,  on 
December  31st,  1711,  and  by  letters  patent,  bearing  date  April 
17th,  1746,  was  created  Lord  Brucb,  op  Tottznbaii,  in  WtU* 
shire,  to  him  and  his  heirs  male,  with  limitation  of  that  honour  to 
his  nephew,  the  Honourable  Thomas  Brute  Brudenel,  youngest 
son  of  George  late  Earl  of  Cardigan,  and  the  Lady  Elisabeth 
Bruce,  bis  wife,  sister  to  the  said  Charles,  Earl  of  Aylesbury, 

His  Lordship  married  the  Lady  Anne  Savile,  eldest  daughter 
and  one  of  the  coheirs  to  William  Marquis  of  HalHfax,  by  which 
Lady,  who  died  on  July  18th,  17l7i  he  had  issue  two  sons  and 
two  daughters ;  first,  Geoige,  who  was  bom  in  1707,  and  died 
young  3  second,  Robert,  who,  on  February  8th,  1 7^8-9,  was  mar- 
ried to  Frances,  daughter  to  Sir  William  Blacket,  of  Newcastle- 
Qpon-Tyne>  Bart,  and  died,  before  his  father,  without  issue. 

Lady  Maty,  el(iest  daughter,  was  married,  on  December  21st, 
1728,  to  Henry  Brydges,  Marquis  of  Caernarvon,  afterwards  Duke 
of  Cbandos,  and  deceased  on  August  I4th,  1738.^ 

Lady  Elizabeth,  second  daughter,  married,  on  November  26th, 
1732,  the  Honourable  Benjamin  Bathurst,  son  and  heir  apparent 
to  Allen  Lord  Bathurst,  and  died  November  12tb,  1771»  *•  p* 

His  Lordship  took  to  wife,  secondly,  the  Lady  Juliana  Boyle, 
second  daughter  of  Charles  Boyle,  Earl  of  Burlington,  and  sister 
to  Richard  the  last  Earl:  but  that  Lady  died  in  March,  1738, 
without  issue. 

He  thirdly  married,  on  June  13th,  1739,  Caroline,  only 
daughter  of  General  John  Campbell,  of  Mammore,  who  was 

7  She  was  mothtr  of  James,  last  Dtftt  of  Chandoi,  who  died  Septeinbar 
17S9  i  and  of  Lady  CaroUnc  Ltif  h. 


138  PEERAGE  OF  EN6LAN0. 

afterwardf  Duke  of  Argyll ;  and  by  her  Ladyship  (who.  on  Dc' 
oember  ipth^  I747f  took  to  her  second  husband^  the  Hon.  Henry 
Seymour  Con  way«  brother  to  Francis  Earl  of  Hertford)  left  at  his 
decease,  on  February  lOth,  1746-79  so  only  child*  Lady  Mary, 
wedded  on  April  Ist,  1757»  to  Charles,  the  late  Duke  of  Rich* 
Qond,  which  Lady  died  November  8th,  1 796,  s.  p. 

By  his  Lordship's  decease  without  male  issue,  in  him  ended 
the  male  line  of  Edward  Lord  Bruce,  of  Kinloss^  second  son  of 
Sir  Edward  Bruce,  of  Blatr-hall,  whereby  the  titles  of  Earl  of  Ayles- 
bury, Viscount  Bruce,  of  Ampihill,  and  Baron  Bruce,  of  Skelton, 
became  extinct :  but  the  dignity  of  Lord  Bruce,  op  Tottbsi* 
BAM,  in  Wiltshire,  dsfohred  to  the  Hon.  Thomas  Bruce  Brudenel, 
youngest  son  of  Geoi^e,  third  Earl  of  Cardigan,  according  to  the 
entail  in  the  patent  of  April  17th,  1745,  aforesaid,  and  the  honours 
of  Earl  of  Elgin,  and  Lord  Bruce  of  Kinloss,  descended  to  Charles 
Bruce,  ninth  Earl  of  Kmcardin,  in  Scotland,  who  died,  at  bis  seat 
at  Broom-hall,  in  Scotland,  May  14th,  1771. 

The  said  Thomas  Bauca  Brudbnbl,  who  succeeded  ns 
•EOOND  Lord  Brucs,  op  Tottbkham,  married,  on  February 
17th,  1761,  Susannah,  daughter  of  Henry  Hoare,  of  Stourhead 
(or  Stourton  c^tle)  in  Wiltshire,  and  widow  of  Charles  VisCount 
Dungarvan,  eldest  son  and  heir  apparent  of  John  Boyle,  Earl  of 
Cork  and  Orrery,  &c.  in  Ireland,  and  Lord  Boyle,  of  Mar^ton,  in 
England:  and  by  her  Ladyship,  who  died  February  4th,  ]78d> 
had  three  sons. 
"    First,  George,  bom  on  March  23d,  1*62,  died  1763. 

^Second,  Charles,  bom  March  22d,  1767,  who  died  an  infant. 

Third,  Charles,  Lord  Brace,  born  February  ]4tb,  1773,  mar- 
ried, April  10th,  1793,  the  Hon.  Henrietta  Maria  Hill,  daughter 
.  of  Noel,  first  Lord  Berwick,  by  whom  he  had  four  daughters,  of 
iKrhom  the  youngest  died  June  8th,  1803. 

And  two  daughters,  Carolina  Anne,  born  on  May  1st,  1763 ; 
and 

Prances  Elizabeth,  bom  on  May  3l8t,  1765,  married,  Sepr 
tember  17th,  1799,  Sir  Henry  Wilson,  of  Chelsea  Park,  Middle* 
sex,  Knight. 

The  Earl  married,  secondly,  February  14th,  1788,  Lady  Anne 
Rawdon,  eldest  daughter  of  John,  late  Earl  of  Moira,  by  Elizabeth 
Hastingn,  late  Baroness  Hungerford  and  Hastings. 

His  Lordship,  soon  afler  his  present  Majesty's  accession,  was 
appointed  one  of  the  lords  of  his  beJ-cbaoibcr ;  and  is  also  colonel 
of  tba  Wiluhira  militia.    His  Lordship,  on  June  8th,  J  776,  was 


EARL  OF  AYLESBURY,  X2g 

created  Earl  op  Aylbsburt:  on  Febraaiy  23d9  1780^  he  was 
appointed  lord  lieutenant  for  the  com.  of  Wilts. 

Titles.  Thomas  Bruce  Brudenel^  Earl  of  Aylesburj,  and 
Lord  Brace,  of  Tottenham. 

Creations.  Lord  Bruce,  of  Tottenham  in  Wiltshire^  April 
17tb,  1746,  ig  Geo.  II. }  and  Earl  of  Aylesbury/ Jane  8th^  1776, 
J6  Geo.  III. 

Arms.  First  and  fourth ;  Or,  a  saltire  and  chiefs  Gules,  on  a 
canton,  Argeot^  a  lion  rampant.  Azure,  being  the  original  arms 
of  Brace,  of  Skelton^  second  and  third,  Argent,  a  cheveron. 
Gules,  between  three  morions  or  steel  caps.  Azure,  for  Brudenel, 

Crest.    On  a  wreath,  a  lion  passant.  Azure. 

Supporters.  On  each  side,  a  savage,  wreathed  about  the  tem- 
ples, and  girt  on  the  loins,  with  ivy,  all  proper,  holding,  in  their 
exterior  hands,  a  banner,  streaming  over  their  heads.  Or,  chaiged 
with  a  saltire  and  chief.  Gules;  on  a  canton.  Argent,  a  lion, 
rampant.  Azure;  the  staff  and  point,  proper. 

Motto,    Think  and  thank. 

Ouef  Seat.  At  Tottenham  park,  adjoijiing  to  Savemakt 
£)rest,  in  Wiltshire. 


VOL.  V. 


PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 


VILLIERS  EARL  OF  CLARENDON. 

T&B  descent  of  the  ancieiit  and  noble  fainil/  of  Villien  is  set 
ibrth  under  the  title  of  Eur/  ofJersty,  where  it  is  recited,  that 
William,  »con(J  Earl  of  Jersey,  having  married  Judith,  only 
dai^hterof  Frederick  Hem,  of  ibe  city  of  London,  Enq.  his  Lord* 
.ship,  besides  a  daughter.  Lady  Barbara,  had  two  sods,  William 
bis  Buccessor,  and, 

Tbohas,  created  Eakl  opCl&bbndon,  who,  ihi  March  301  h, 
1752,  wedded  Lady  Charlotte,  daughter  to  William  Capel,  third 
Earl  of  Essex,  by  bis  first  Countess,  Jane,  the  third  but  eldest 
dangler  (who  lived  to  maturity)  of  Henry  Hyde,  tht  last  Earl  of 
Clarendon  and  Roehater,  by  Jane  his  wife,  youngest  daughter  to 
Sir  WilUatn  Leveson  Gower,  and  uster  to  John,  late  Earl  Gower: 
and  by  her  Ladyship,  (who  at  the  death  of  her  grandfotber,  the 
said  Earl  of  Clarendon,  Sec.  became  entitled  to  use  the  surname 
and  arms  of  Hvdb)  and  who  died  September  3d,  1790,  had  three 
sons. 

Furst,  the  Hon.  Thomas  Villien  Hyde,  bom  on  December 
261b,  1753. 

Second,  the  Honourable  John  Charles  Villien,  bom  on  No- 
vember Utb,  1737;  member  of  parliament  for  Queen  borough  ; 
chief  justice  in  eyre,  north  of  Trent;  and  a  privy  counsellor; 
married,  Januaiy  Stb,  179I,  Maria  Eleanor,  youngest  daughter 
and  coheiress  of  the  late  admiral  John  Forbes,  only  brother  of  the 
fourth  Earl  of  Graoard,  by  Lady  Mary  Capel,  daughter  of  William, 
third  Earl  of  Essex. 


EARL  OP  CLARENDON.  131 

Third,  tbe  Honourable  George  Vllliers,  born  k  November 
33d>  1759  f  paymaster  of  the  marine  forces  $  married^  April  I7th^' 
179^1  the  Honoarable  Theresa  Parker^  sister  of  John  Lord  fio- 
ringdon,  and  has  issue,  of  whom  Frederick  Adolphus^  fourth  sod/ 
died  November  21  st^  1806. 

And  a  daughter^  Lady  Charlotta  Barbara^  born  March  27th9 
1761. 

His  Lordship,  during  the  reign  of. King  George  IL  waa  several 
jean  minister  at  the  courts  of  Dresden,  Vienna,-  Berlin,  and 
divers  other  courts  in  the  empire;  and,  in  1748,  was  constituted 
one  of  the  commissioners  of  the  admiralty.  At  the  general  elec- 
tion, in  1747^  he  was  returned  one  of  the  burgesses  to  parliament 
for  Tamworlh,  in  Staffordshire,  and  was  chosen  for  the  same 
place  in  1754  :  but  his  late  Majesty  was  pleased,  by  letters  patent 
dated  May  31st,  1/56,  to  create  him  a  peer  of  Great  Britain,  by 
the  name  and  style  of  Lord  Hyde,  ofHindon  in  Wiltshire,  with 
limitation  to  the  heirs  male  of  his  body  by  the  said  Lady  Char- 
lotte, his  wife ;  and  in  default  of  such  issue,  the  title  of  Baronbss 
Hyde,  ofHindon,  aforesaid,  to  devolve  to  the  same  Lady  Char- 
lotte, and  the  dignity  of  Baron  Hyde,  of^Hindon,  to  the  heirs  male 
of  her  body. 

On  September  2d,  1763,  he  was  sworn  of  his  Majesty's  most 
honourable  privy-council,  and  took  his  seat  at  the  board  accord- 
ingly. On  the  10th  of  that  months  his  Lordship  was  declared 
joint  postmaster-general  with  the  late  Viscount  Hampden,  and 
continued  in  that  office  till  July,  1765,  when  their  Lordships 
chose  to  resign.  On  June  14th,  177^^  his  Lordship  was  appointed 
chancellor  of  the  Duchy  and  Palatine  courts  of  Lancaster,  and  on 
June  8th,  17769  ^^  advanced  to  the  dignity  of  an  Earl  of  Great 
Britain  by  the  style  and  title  of  £arl  of  Clarendon,  and  to  his 
heirs  male  by  Charlotte,  his  present  wife. 

His  Lordship  died  December  llth^  17S6,  and  was  succeeded 
by  his  eldest  son, 

Thomas,  present  and  second  £abl  op  Clarendon,  who, 
while  a  commoner,  sat  in  parliament  for  Helston,  in  Cornwall. 

Titles.    Thomas  Villiers,  Earl  of  Clarendon,  and  Lord  Hyde. 

Creations.  Lord  Hyde,  of  Hindon,  in  the  county  of  Wilts, 
May  3 1  !*t,  1 756, 2g  Geo.  IL ;  Earl  of  Clarendon,  June  Stb,  1 776, 
16  Geo.  III. 

Arms,  Argent,  on  a  cross.  Gules,  five  escallop  shells^  Or^ 
with  a  crescent  for  disiinction. 


IMr  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

CresL  Qti  a  wreath,  a  lioo,  rampant,  Ai^nt^  ducallj 
crowned.  Or. 

Svppcrters.  Two  eagles,  sable,  ducally  crowned,  Or ;  each 
chai^ged,  on  the  breast,  with  a  cross.  Argent. 

Motto,      FiDBI  COTICULA  CRUX. 

Chief  Seats.  At  Hindon  in  Wiltshire ;  and  Grove,  near  Wat* 
ford,  in  Hertfordshire. 


COUNTESS  OP  MANSFIELD, 


MURRAY,  COUNTESS  OF  MANSHELR 

The  Barony  of  Arngosk,  aliai  Forgejr,  in  (he  county  of  Fifo 
though  it  has  been  posfcased  by  the  Mmrays  ibr  manjr  agn  pait, 
yet  in  the  more  andcnt  times  that  estate  belonged  to  the  binily  of 
Priseley.  This  is  proved  by  a  douatioQ  which  Gilbeitui  de  Frise- 
ley,  dominus  de  Forgey,  made,  "  Deo  tif  ecclesits  beal^  MariiB 
de  eambaiiennelh,  H  ibid&n  canmids  Deo  stnantibus,  tZ/ont 
partem  terra  quajacel  pnpinquhr  domui,  qvcB  est  iocerdotei  in 
teniiorio  de  Arngosk,  una  cum  jure  patronatus  Eccleti^  de  Arn- 
gosk." The  deed  is  confirmed  by  William,  bishop  of  St.  An- 
drew's, Die  Meriurii  prvxima  poU  festUM  exaitalionis  saiKltO 
ffmcU,  1281.  ■  In  which  deed  we  meet  with,  Henricutde  Priie- 
)ey,  dominai  de  Forgey,  who  gave  to  the  abbey  and  convent  of 
Camboskennelb,  Mrflent&num  de  Amgosi,  pro  salute  anitjue  stue.* 
This  donation  bears  date  lerlo  eaUndas  Augusli,  12Q5.  Aftef 
Henry  de  Friscley  there  is  Willielmas  de  Friiteley,  Miles,  dominua 
de  Forgey,  who  ratifies  the  deed  of  his  predecessor,  of  the  mill  of 
Arngosk  to  the  convent  of  Cambuskcnneth,  which  ii  ratified  bf 
a  charter  under  the  great  seal  of  King  Robert  f.  at  Glasgow,  i^ 
cimo  die  Junti,  anno  regni  sui  nono,  that  is,  the  year  of  our  Lord 
13143.'  From  the  Friseleys,  the  barony  of  Arngosk,  and  domU 
niuro  de  Poi^-,  were  transferred  by  ibe  maniage  of  the  herr 
female  to  the  Barclays,  of  Kippo,  a  branch  of  the  once  great  and 
powerful  family  of  the  Barclaye,  Lords  of  Brichcn  ;  which  snb- 
sitted  in  honour  and  lustre  till  the  reign  of  King  James  IV.  whci^ 


X$4  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

James  Barclay,  of  Kippo^  died,  and  left  only  one  daughter,  his  sole 
heir,  Margaret  Barday,  domina  de  Amgosk  et  Balvaird,  who 
brought  her  estates  to  her  husband  Sir  AmdrsW  Murray,  second 
son  of  Sir  William  Murray,  of  Tillibardine,  paternal  ancestor  to 
the  present  Duke  of  Atholl,^^  in  1499.  That  she  was  sprung 
from,  and  descended  of  the  ancient  Lords  of  Amgosk  and  Forgey, 
appears  from  a  deed,  ^  dated  December  2d,  1513.  This  Ijady,  on 
the  St4th  of  January,  1507,  resignii  into  the  hands  of  King  James 
rV.  her  whole  estate  for  new  infeoffinents  to  herself,  and  Sir  An- 
drew Murray,  her  spouse,  in  life  rents,  and  the  fee  to  the  heirs 
procreated,  or  to  be  procreated,  betwixt  them.  Upon  the  mar- 
riage of  Sir  Andrew  Murray  with  Dame  Margaret  Barclay,  he  did 
not  quarter  the  arms  of  the  Barclays  with  those  of  the  Murrays, 
but  composed  them  by  placing  the  cross  patee  of  the  Barclays 
betwixt  the  three  mullets,  as  may  be  seen  on  the  south  aisle  of  the 
collegiate  church  of  Ullibardine,  which  was  founded  by  this 
gentleman,  after  he  possessed  the  estates  of  Arngosk,  Balvaird, 
and  Kippo.  This  Sir  Andrew  Murray  left  issue,  by  his  wife, 
aforesaid. 

First,  Sir  David  Murray,  his  eldest  son  and  successor ;  second* 
John  of  Conland, '  which  lands  he  held  in  vassalage  of  the  fa- 
mily ;  and  Elizabeth,  married  to  Sir  Archibald  Douglas,  of  Kil« 
apindy. 

Sir  David  Murray,  of  Amgosk,  the  eldest  son,  married 
Dame  Janet  Lindsay,  daughter  of  John  Lord  Lindsay,  of  the 
Byres,  ancestor  to  the  Earla  of  Crawford,  by  Dame  Helen  Stuart, 
kis  wife,  daughter  of  John  Earl  of  Atholl ;  by  whom  he  had  three 
flons,  vis.  first.  Sir  Andrew,  the  heir  of  the  family ;  second,  Wil- 
liam, of  lietterbanachie,  and  the  paternal  ancestor  of  the  present 
j^rl  of  Mansfield,  and  Viscount  Stormont,  of  whom  afterwards; 
third,  David,  Portioner  of  Airdeth,  This  Sir  David  Murray,  of 
Amgosk,  died  in  September,  1550,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son 
9nd  heir. 

Sir  Andrbw  Murray,  of  Amgosk,  who,  as  we  find,  from  a 
very  authentic  deed  and  voucher,  was  one  of  the  gentlemen  that 
were  on  the  assize  of  Alexander  Earl  of  Huntley,  when  be  was 
condemned  (after  his  death)  for  the  rebellion  he  had  headed  at 
the  battle  of  Corrichie,  anno  1563. 

In  1547,  he  married  Dame  Janet  Graham,  daughter  of  Wil- 

*  Charta  penes  Dominum  Drummond.  •  Charta  Cambuskenncth. 

Charta  io  publicU  Archiris  ad  Annvin  MS^6• 


COUNTESS  OF  MANSFIELD.  135 

Isam  Earl  of  Montrose,  by  whom  he  had  issue,  ^rst,  Sir  Andrew, 
of  whom  hereafter;  second.  Sir  Dand  Murray,  of  Gospertie,  who 
was  raised  first  to  the  honour  of  Lord  Scone,  and  after  that  to  the 
dignity  of  discount  Stormont  j  third,  Mr.  flobcrt  Murray,  bred 
to  the  service  of  the  church,  aqd  had  the  benefice  of  the  arch-* 
deanry  of  Dunkeld  bestowed  on  him,  by  King  James  VL  the 
better  to  enable  him  to  prosecute,  and  carry  on,  his  studies  in  the 
view  of  serving  in  the  church,  but  he  died  without  issue  $  fourth^ 
Sir  Patrick  Murray,  of  Byn  and  Drumcaim,  lieutenant  of  his  Ma- 
jesty's guards,  and  was  frequently  employed  by  the  King  in  the* 
afiairs  of  the  church  ^  more  especially  as  to  the  settling  episco- 
pacy* s  He  married  Dame  Isabel  Blair,  of  the  house  of  Bathayock, 
in  Perthshire :  but  died  without  issue,  in  l604,  and  his  estate 
came  to  the  Lord  Scone,  his  brother,  who  is  served  heir  to  him 
in  the  year  16O7.  ** 

Sir  Andrew  Murray,  of  Amgosk,  the  father,  died  in  anno 
1576,  *  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 

Sir  Anpkbw  Mueray,  of  Arngosk,  who  was  one  of  the  gen« 
tlemen  of  the  bedchamber  to  King  James  VL  and  in  a  very  con- 
siderable d^ee  of  confidence  and  favour  with  that  Prince.  ^  He 
took  a  new  investiture  of  his  estate  to  himself  in  life-rent,  and  to 
Andrew  Murray,  his  sou  and  heir  apparent  in  fee,  and  to  the 
heirs  male  of  his  body,  which  failing,  to  David  Murray,  his  brother- 
gerroan,  and  the  heirs  male  of  hia^lipdy,  and,  on  failure  of  these, 
to  Robert  Murray,  his  brother-gernnan,  and  to  the  heirs  male  of 
his  body,  and  these  failing,  to  Patrick  Murray,  their  brother-ger-^ 
man,  and  the  heirs  male  of  his  body,  which  failing,  to  David 
Murray,  Portioner  of  Airderth,  his  uncle*  Th^  charter  passed 
the  great  seal  September  '26th,  1560.  *  In  this  substitution  it  is 
remaikable,  that  Sir  Andrew  Murray,  of  Amgosk,  strikes  out  his 
uncle,  William  Murray,  of  Letterbanachie,  and  his  issue  male, 
from  the  succession,  who  was  elder  than  David  Murray,  of  Air^ 
deth,  whom  he  substitutes 'directly  and  immediately  after  his  own 
brothers :  but  we  see  that  some  time  after  this,  in  a  sub^equetiC 
settlement  of  the  estate  of  the  family,  justice  is  done  to  David 
Murray,  son  of  William  Murray,  of  Letterbanachie,  and  he  is  re» 


<  Spotswood  and  Calderwood's  Ecclesiastical  Histories< 

i»  Rotul.  in  Cancdlaria,  S.  D.  N.  R. 

*  Charta  penes  Vicecomitem  de  Stormont. 

K  Charta  in  publicis  Archivis* 

>  Charta  penes  Vicecomitem  de  Stormonti  ac  etiam  in  publicis  Archivis. 


130  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

rtored  in  his  due  place  and  right  of  sacoession,  before  the  issue 
male  of  his  unde«  David  Murray^  of  Airdeth. 

This  Sir  Andrew  Murray,  of  Amgosk,  married  Margaret, 
daughter  of  John  Chrichton,  of  Strathurd,  an  ancient  and  consi- 
derable family  in  the  county  of  Perth  j  by  whom  he  had  Andrew, 
his  son  and  heir ;  and  one  daughter,  Anne,  married  to  Sir  Mungo 
Murray,  the  second  Viscount  of  Stormont.  To  this  Sir  Andrew 
Murray,  of  Arngosk,  succeeded 

Andrew,  his  son  and  heir,  who  was  the  first  of  the  family 

that  relinquished  the  designation  of  Arngosk,  and  used  the  title  ' 

.  and  designation  of  fialvaird.     He  took  an  investiture  of  his  estate, 

and  is  styled,  *'  Andreas  Murray  de  Balvaird,  filius  et  hseres 

quondam  domini  Andrae  Murray,  de  Arngosk,  militis.'*   He  settles 

his  whole  estate  on  the  heirs  male  of  his  own  body,  and  these 

failing,  to  Sir  David  Murray,  of  Gospertie,  Knight,  his  Majesty*! 

comptroller,  his  uncle,  and  to  the  heirs  male  of  his  body  3  which 

failing,  to  Robert  Murray,  bis  uncle,  and  the  heirs  male  of  hit 

body ;  which  failing,  to  David  Murray,  of  Balgonie,  his  father*s 

cousin-german,  son  of  William  Murray,  of  Letterbanachie  5  and 

failing  his  heirs  male,  to  another  cousin-german  of  his  Cither's, 

William  Murray,  of  Airdeth.    The  charter  bears  date  the  8th  of 

May,  1604.    This  gentleman  was  heir  apparent  to  the  Viscount 

Stormont,  both  in  his  estate  and  title.    He  married  Margaret, 

daughter  of  Sir  William  Mofjl^ith,  of  Carse :  but  died  without 

issue  in  1624,  so  that  his  estate  devolved  to  his  unde,  David,  Vis- 

coupt  Stormont,  who  was  served  and  retoured  heir  male  to  his 

nephew  some  short  time  thereafter. 

Sir  Da V in  Murray,  the  Jlrsi  Fiscount  Stormont,  was  from 
bis  youth  bred  at  the  court  of  King  James  VI.  He  was  first  made 
cup-bearer  to  his  Majesty,  in  which  employment  he  soon  rendered 
himself  very  gracious  to  his  master ;  insomuch  as  in  a  few  years 
he  was  preferred  to  be  master  of  the  horse,  and  captain  of  the 
guard,  and  being  knighted,  was  made  comptroller  of  the  royal  re- 
yenue  in  isgg.    In  this  station  he  served  his  Majesty  with  great 
diligence,  fidelity,  assiduity,  and  application.    He  had  the  honour 
to  be  attending  on  his  Majesty,  from  the  palace  of  Faulkland  to 
the  town  of  Perth,  on  the  memorable  5th  of  August,  1600,  wbcn 
the  Earl  of  Gourie,  and  his  brother,  Mr.  ](luthven,  by  an  unpa- 
ralleled attempt,  thought  to  have  embrued  their  hands  in  the 
sacred  blood  of  the  King :  this  wicked  design  was,  by  a  happy 
Providence,  defeated,  just  when  it  was  upon  the  very  point  of 
being  executed.    In  his  Majesty's  happy  preservation^  Sir  David 


COUNTESS  OF  MANSFIELD.  13/ 

Murray,  the  comptroller^  was  highly  instrumeDtal.  At  the  snme 
time  he  did  the  coart  a  piece  of  exceeding  acceptable  service ; 
for  when  the  town  of  Perth  were  all  in  an  uproar  and  tumult  upon 
the  killing  of  the  Earl  of  Gourie^  who  was  their  provost,  he  had 
the  chief  hand  with  his  friends,  in  composing  the  citizens,  in 
qaelling  the  tumult,  and  carrying  the  King  and  the  court  safe 
back  to  Faulkland.  *» 

This  accident,  in  which  Sir  David  Murray  had  so  great  a  share 
of  merit,  laid  a  deep  root  with  his  Majesty,  and  begot  such  a  con* 
fidence  as  was  never  afterward  shaken.  He  upon  this  canie  to 
be  considered  as  one  of  the  first  favourites,  and  in  whom  the 
King  could  well  repose  the  firmest  confidence.  His  Majesty 
came  now  to  heap  favours  on  him ;  he  began  with  giving  him  the 
barony  of  Ruthven,  the  chief  seat  of  the  Earl  of  Gonrie ;  which 
be  called  Huntingtower,  and  had  come  to  the  crown  by  the  Earl^ 
forfeiture.  Soon  after  that,  he  gave  him  the  lands  of  the  whole 
abbey  of  Scone,  of  which  the  Earl  of  Gourie  had  been  commen- 
datory "  erected,  united,  and  incorporated,  into  a  temporal  lordship 
of  Scoae,  with  place,  seat,  and  voice  in  parliament,  and  was  there- 
upon, with  the  greatest  solemnity,  invested  in  that  honour  tlie 
7tb  of  April,  l605,  by  a  special  commission,  directed  to  the  Earl 
of  Dnnfermling,  the  lord  chancellor,  to  that  effect.  The  cere* 
mony  was  in  presence  of  the  Earls  Angus,  Sutherland,  Mariscbal, 
Linlithgow;  the  Jx>rds  Fleming,  Drummond,  and  Thirlestane : 
the  erection  of  the  lordship  of  Scone  was  confirmed  to  the  Lord 
Scone  by  a  special  act  of  parliament  in  \6o6.^  Quickly  after 
this,  his  Majesty  was  graciously  pleased  to  bestow  on  him  the 
office  of  Ranger,  or  the  rangery  of  the  Lommonds,  the  forestr}'  of 
the  woods,  and  the  old  castle«steed  of  Faulkland,  p  and  several 
other  beneficial  grants. 

The  King,  well  knowing  the  Lord  Scone  to  be  a  man  of  more 
ihan  ordinary  courage  and  resolution,  made  choice  of  him  to  re- 
present his  royal  person  as  high  commissioner  in  several  of  the 
general  assemblies  of  the  church,  where  he  deported  himself  so 
boldly  and  resolutely  in  the  King*s  service,  that  he  had  a  peculi.'ir 
hand  in  carrying  through  things  that  met  with  very  high  opposi- 
tion in  reference  to  the  settling  a  Liturgy,  and  in  bringing  the 
chorch  of  Scotland  to  some  nearer  degrees  of  uniformity  with  the 
church  of  England,  which  the  King  had  set  his  heart  so  much 

B  History  of  Gourie's  Conspiracy.  *  Charta  in  publicia  Archivis. 

«  Charta  penes  Vicecomitem  de  Stormont.  p  lbidem« 


138  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND 

upon,  aod  could  not  well  have  been  broaght  aboat  by  a  man  of 
less  resolution  and  spirit  than  that  Lord.  ^  His  Lordship  shewed 
no  less  zeal  in  promoting  the  King's  service  in  the  parliament^ 
1621^  when  the  decrees  of  the  church  came  to  receive  the  sanc- 
tion of  law.  As  soon  as  the  five  articles  of  the  Perth  assembly 
passed  into  laws^  the  Lord  Scone  was  dispatched  to  coart^  to  in- 
form his  Majesty  of  the  success  of  his  instructions,  by  the  Marquis 
of  Hamilton,  his  Majesty's  high  commissioner.  To  commemorate 
his  long  and  faithful  services,  bis  M^ijesty  was  graciously  pleased 
to  raise  him  to  the  honour  of  Viscount  Stormont,  by  letters  patent 
bearing  date  the  l6th  of  August,  162I.'  The  dignity  is  limited 
to  the  heirs  male,  which  would  have  carried  the  peerage  to  his 
nephew.  Sir  Andrew  Murray,  of  Balvaird,  as  be  had  long  in- 
tended, for  he  never  had  any  children  of  his  own.  But  there  is  no 
absolute  happiness  in  (his  sublunary  world;  for,  in  l6d4,  he  re- 
ceived a  great  domestic  affliction  in  his  awn  &mily,  by  the  death 
of  his  nephewi  Sir  Andrew  Murray,  of  Balvaird,  to  whom  the 
Viscount  himself  succeeded.  This  accident  altered  all  his  schemes 
of  the  succession  of  his  honour  and  estate,  and  made  him  take 
new  measures ;  for  as  he  by  the  King's  &vour  got  his  honours, 
after  his  death,  conveyed  to  Sir  Mungo  Murray,  sou  to  the  Earl 
of  Tillibardine,  ^ho  had  married  his  niece,  and  to  the  heirs  male 
of  his  body,  and  failing  these,  to  John  Earl  of  Annandale  and  his 
heirs  male,  and  in  failure  of  these,  to  his  own  heirs  male,  and  his 
estate  of  conquest;  so,  moved  from  principles  of  honour  and  con- 
science, to  preserve  his  family  of  Balvaird  in  the  line  of  the  heirs 
male,  he  adopted  for  his  nephew  his  cousin-german*s  son,  Mr. 
Andrew  Murray,  thru  minister  at  Ebdie,  son  to  David  Murray,  of 
Balgonie  and  Kippo,  and  immediately  settled  on  him  the  fee  of 
the  estate  of  Balvaird,  &c. 

His  other  estate  of  conquest  he  provided,  together  with  his 
title  of  honour,  as  we  observed,  to  Sir  Mungo  Murray,  and,,  after 
him,  to  the  Earl  of  Annandale,  and  atter  their  respective  heirs 
male  to  Mr.  Andrew  Murray,  of  Balvaird,  his  own  heir  male. 
The  crown  countenanced  all  these  settlements  of  the  Visconnt  of 
Stormont:  and  thereupon  Sir  Mungo  Murray,  his  heir  of  entail^ 
came  to  be  designed  master  of  Stormont,  as  much  as  if  he  had 
been  the  Viscount's  own  son,  even  in  his  lifetime. 

David,  the  first  Viscount  of  Stormont,  married  Elizabeth. 

^  Spotswood  and  Calderwood's  Histories  of  the  Church.  • 
r  Charta  in  publicis  rotulis,  ad  annunii  162 !• 


COUNTESS  OF  MANSFIELD.  139 

danghter  of  Sir  David  Beaton^  of  Cricb>  in  the  coanty  of  Fife; 
but  djiDg  OD  the  27th  of  Augost^  1631^  was  interred  in  a  vault 
within  the  charch  of  Scone,  on  the  23d  of  September  following, 
midera  noble  and  magnificent  monament  erected  by  himself  many 
yean  before  bis  death,  with  this  inscription  upon  a  tablet  of  black 
marble. 

^'  The  Right  Honourable  Sir  David  Murray,  of  Gospertie, 
Knight,  son  to  Sir  Andrew  Murray,  of  Balvaird  3  his  grandsire^ 
brother  to  the  Earl  of  Tillibardine ;  his  mother,  daughter  to  the 
faii  of  Montrose  $  his  good  dame  of  the  father,  daughter  to  the 
Lord  Lindsay ;  his  good  dame  of  the  mother,  daughter  to  the  Earl 
Marischal ;  who  for  his  good  services  done  to  King  James  VI. 
whom  he  faithfully  served  from  his  youth  in  many  honourable 
employments,  from  a  cup-bearer,  master  of  his  horses,  master  of 
his  house,  comptroller  of  his  rents^  captain  of  his  Majesty's  guards, 
one  of  his  honourable  privy-council,  was  created  Lord  Scone.  He 
married  dame  Elizabeth  Beaton,  an  ancient  Baron's  daughter,  of 
Crich,  died  without  issue,  left  his  estate  to  his  nephew,  of  Bal- 
vaird, and  to  dame  Agnes  Murray,  his  niece,  whom  he  married  to 
a  brother  of  the  Earl  of  Tillibardine's,  from  whom  he  first  de- 
scended. He  helped  his  other  friends^  who  enjoy  the  fruits  of  his 
labour  5  his  building!  pruifs  he  was  politique ;  good  men  knew 
he  loved  virtue,  and  malefactors  that  he  maintained  justice.  He 
founded  this  hospital,  and  builded  this  church  ;  bis  soul  enjoys 
happiness:  and  under  this  tomb,  builded  by  himself,  lyetb  his 
body,  expecting  the  joyful  resurrection.'* 

To  David,  the  first  Viscount  of  Stormont,  succeeded,  as  heir 
cf  provision  and  entail, 

MuNGo,  second  Viscount  of  Stormont,  aforesaid.  He  married 
Anne,  only  daughter  of  Sir  Andrew  Murray,  of  Balvaird,  brother 
to  the  first  Viscount,  and  after  her  death,  Anne,  daughter  of  John 
Earl  of  Weems,  widow  of  Alexander  Lindsay,  of  Edzle,  but  had 
no  issue;  and  departing  this  life  in  September,  1642,  the  lord* 
ship  of  Scone,  and  the  honour  of  Fiscmint  of  Stormont,  came  to 
James,  then  Earl  of  Annandale,  in  virtue  of  the  Viscount*s  desti- 
nation ',  and  so  being  the  lesser  dignity,  it  was  immerged  in  the 
higher  honour  of  the  Earl  of  Annandale,  who  dying  without  issue, 
in  the  year  l658,  the  honour  of  Viscount  of  Stormont  was  again 
revived,  and  devolved  to  David,  then  Lord  Balvaird,  heir  male 


140  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

and  of  entail  to  Davids  the  first  Lord  Scone^  avd  Viscoaot  of 
Stormonr. 

The  ancestor  of  the  Lord  Balvaird  was  William  Murray^  of 
Letterbanachie,  second  son  to  Sir  David  Murray,  of  Amgosk,  and 
dame  Janet  Lindsay,  bis  wife,  daughter  of  John  Lord  Lindsay, 
and  uncle  to  David,  first  Viscount  of  Stormont.  This  is  vouched, 
and  clearly  proved,  from  a  charter  granted  by  his  brother,  Sir 
Andrew  Murray,  of  Amgosk,  **  Williclmo  Murray,  fratri  suo 
germano,  de  terris  de  Letterbanachie,  in  vicecomitatu  de  Perth,  et 
baredibos  suis,  in  the  year  1553.*'» 

Tliis  William  Murrny,  of  Letterbanachie,  who  was  the  second 
brother  of  the  family  of  Amgosk,  allied  in  marriage  with  the 
house  of  Oliphant ; '  and  had  Andrew  Murray,  of  Letterbanachie^ 
his  eldest  son,  who  died  without  issue,  and 

David,  the  second  son,  who  was  heir  to  bis  father,  and  at  dif- 
ferent times  is  designed  David  Murray  de  Linthill,  de  Baigony, 
and  Kippo.  There  is  a  charter,  wherein  he  calls  himself"  David 
Murray  de  Balgony,  filius  et  haeres,  quondam  Wiellielmi  Murray, 
de  Letterbanachie.""  He  is,  by  this  designation',  substitute  in  an 
investiture  of  the  estate  of  Balvaird,  in  favour  of  Sir  Andrew  Mur^ 
ray,  of  Balvaird,  in  the  year  1604,  to  whom  he  was  cousin-ger-* 
man ;  and  is  placed  before  David  Murray,  Portioner  of  Airdeth, 
whom  Sir  Andrew  calls  his  uncle,  his  father's  brother,  and  who 
was  an  immediate  younger  brother  to  William  Murray,  of  Letter- 
banachie. This  David  Murray,  of  Balgony,  came  after  that  to 
acquire,  from  the  family  of  Balvaird,  the  estate  of  Kippo  in  Fife. 
This  gentleman  married  Agnes  Moncrief,  daughter  to  the  Laird 
of  Moncrief  of  that  Ilk,  *  by  whom  he  had  issue, 

Gilbert  Murmy,  his  eldest  son,  who  died  without  issue ;  Mr. 
Andrew  Murray,  afterwards  Lord  Balvaird  j  Williamj  David,  and 
Catharine,  married  to  John  Aniot,  of  Pitouie. 

Mr.  Andrew  Murray,  afterward  Lord  Balvaird,  was  bred  to 
the  church,  and  taking  holy  orders,  he  was  soon  after  instituted 
minister  of  Ebdie,  in  the  shire  of  Fife,  in  the  year  16I8.  y  Upon 
the  death  of  Sir  Andrew  Murray,  of  Balvaird,  the  presumptive 
heir  of  the  Viscount  of  Stormont,  and  his  Lordship  havings  no 
issue  of  his  own,  nor  hopes  of  any,  he  from  henceforth  considered 
Mr.  Murray  as  his  heir  male,  as  indeed  be  was.    The  Viscount 

•  Charta  penes  Jacobum  Murray  de  Abercairny* 

c  Herald  Books.  "  Fenes  Abercairny,  ad  annum  i6is. 

^  Charta  penes  Vicccomitem  de  Stormont.  '  Ibidcin» 


COUNTESS  OF  MANSFIELD.  141 

DOW  moved  fixxn  principles  of  honour  and  conscience^  to  preserve 
his  paternal  estate  entire  in  the  blood  and  line  of  the  ^mily,  how- 
ever he  should  dispose  of  his  other  conquests^  did^  upon  his  ne- 
phew's death,  take  a  new  investiture  of  the  estate  of  Balvaird  and 
Anigosk  to  himself  in  life-rent,  and  the  fee  to  the  heirs  male  of 
his  body ;  which  failing,  to  Mr.  Andrew  Murray,  minister  at 
Ebdie : .  this  deed  is  dated  November  26th,  l625,  y  Accordingly, 
as  heir  of  the  investiture,  he  succeeded  the  Viscount  Stormont, 
his  cousin,  in  that  part  of  his  estate,  on  his  death,  in  the  year  j63l. 
Inunediately  after  that,  he  gets  a  charter  of  his  whole  estate, 
(which  was  now  very  considerable)  and  which  he  provides  to  the 
heirs  male  of  his  body ;  which  failing,  to  the  heirs  male  of  the 
body  of  Gilbert,  William,  and  David  Murray,  his  brothers,  re- 
spectively. This  charter  is  dated  July  14th,  1632,  *  At  the  so- 
leomity  of  the  coronation  of  Xing  Charles  I.  on  the  18th  of  June, 
1633^  Mr.  Murray,  of  Balvaird,  the  mbister  of  Ebdie,  was  one  of 
those  gentlemen  the  King  conferred  the  honour  of  knighthood  on, 
though  he  was  an  actual  minister  at  the  time  :  Mr.  Murray  was 
esteemed,  and  had  the  character  of  a  wise,  grave,  prudent,  and 
|MOUS  man,  and  well  disposed  to  the  whole  frame  of  the  govern* 
ment,  and  the  constitution  as  established  by  law.  Possessed  with 
all  these  qualities,  he  was  pitched  on  as  a  very  proper  member  for 
the  assembly  of  Glasgow  in  the  year  1638,  where,  by  his  temper, 
authority,  and  moderation,  he  studied  all  that  was  possible  to  allay 
the  heats,  and  compose  the  difierences  that  were  there  agitated 
with  so  much  warmth  and  2eal  in  reference  to  episcopacy,  and  the 
government  of  the  church  by  bishops.  His  conduct  and  beha- 
viour was  much  taken  notice  of  by  his  Majesty's  commissioner, 
the  Marquis  of  Hamilton,  insomuch  as  the  Marquis  was  pleased 
tp  give  the  King  a  very  good  character  of  Sir  Andrew  Murray,  as 
a  clerg3^man  well  disposed  to  peace,  for  healing  breaches,  and 
much  averse  from  carrying  matters  to  extremities  on  either  side. 
Though  he  still  leaned  to  the  King*s  side,  he  continued  to  sit  in 
the  assembly  till  the  commusioner  thought  fit  to  leave  them,  and 
he  then  retired  with  others  of  the  brethren,  who  were  not  inclined 
or  disposed  to  make  those  alterations  in  the  constitution  of  the 
church  that  were  carried  through,  and  driven  on  by  the  remain* 
ing  part  of  the  asiienDbly.  However,  he  took  the  covenant,  when 
it  was  enjoined  by  authority,  as  the  only  means  that  was  left  for 

'  Chaita  penes  Vacecomitem  de  Stormoot.  *  Ibidem* 


142  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

preserving  the  peace  and  tranquillity  of  the  kingdom^  which  was 
then  strangely  divided* 

In  the  year  l64\,  when  the  King  came  down  to  hold  the  par- 
liament, in  his  own  royal  person,  to  cement  all  differences,  to  re- 
dress all  grievances,  and  to  give  a  general  satisfaction,  at  the  end 
of  the  session  he  was  pleased  to  create  several  peers,  and,  amongst 
the  rest.  Sir  Andrew  Murray,  of  Balvaird,  was  created  Lord  Bal* 
vaird,  by  letters  patent,  the  14th  of  November,  1641 :  *  soon  after 
this  he  got  a  very  considerable  estate,  the  barony  of  Stormont;  by 
the  death  of  his  cousin,  Mungo  Viscount  of  Stormont,  to  whom 
he  is  served  and  retoured  heir  of  Tbailie  and  Provision  in  that 
barony,  in  May,  l643.^  With  all  this  accession  of  wealth  and 
honour,  he,  notwithstanding,  continued  still  to  exercise  his  pas- 
toral function  in  the  ministry,  at  the  parish  of  Ebdie,till  his  dying 
day.  The  troubles  that  ensued,  and  the  fatal  breach  between  the 
King  and  the  parliament,  had  a  considerable  influence  on  his 
health,  and  quickly  hastened  him  to  his  grave.  His  testament  is 
dated  September  24th,  1644,  ^  and  his  death  happened  in  three  or 
four  days  after.  He  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Davio,  the 
first  Earl  of  Southesk,  by  whom  he  had  issue, 

David  Lord  Balvaird>  his  eldest  son  and  successor,  thereafter 
Viscount  of  Stormont. 

Sir  Andrew  Murray,  of  Pitlochie,  of  whom  is  Murray,  of  Mur- 
rayshall,  in  Perthshire.  « 

James  Murray,  Esq.  the  third  son,  was  a  doctor  of  medicine^ 
a  man  of  learning  and  reputation  in  his  profession.  He  left  a 
daughter,  his  heir,  who  was  married  to  Dr.  Robert  Carmichael, 
of  Bamblae,  mother  by  him  to  Dr.  James  Carmichael^  of  Bam- 
blae. 

Sir  John  Murray,  of  Drumcairn,  the  fourth  son,  who  wasf 
educated  to  the  profession  of  the  law,  and  after  he  had  long  prac- 
tised at  the  bar  with  reputation,  learning,  and  integrity,  he  was 
promoted  to  be  one  of  the  senators  of  the  college  of  justice,  where 
he  continued  till  the  revolution.  He  left  a  daughter,  Elizabeth^ 
who  was  the  first  wife  of  Francis,  Earl  of  Murray. 

Mr.  William  Murray,  the  fifth  son,  was  a  famous  and  cele- 
brated lawyer  before  the  court  of  session,  and  was  esteemed  one 


A  The  Book  in  the  Registers,  nvhe^-e  these  patents  have  been  inserted*  is 
torn  out,  but  the  Minute  Book  has  ii  marked  November  14. 

**  In  Archivis.  *  Ghana  pence  viceoomitem  de  Stormont. 


COUNTESS  OF  MANSFIELD.  14S 

of  the  first  men  of  that  pofesston  in  his  time.    The  Lord  Balvaird 
had  also  three  daughters, 

Catherine,  the  eldest,  died  unmarried. 

Barbara,  the  second,  was  married  to  Andrew  Lord  Grey,  of 
Foolis,  and  had  issue. 

Margery,  the  third,  was  married  to  Sir  Alexander  Gibson,  of 
Durie,  by  whom  *he  had  only  one  daughter,  his  heir,  who  was 
married  to  John  Murray,  of  Polmals,  in  the  county  of  Stirling,  a 
Very  ancient  family  of  the  Murrays. 

Datid,  the  second  Lord  Balvaird^  and  ai  length  fourth  Fis" 
count  Stormonty  succeeded  his  father  in  his  estate  and  honour :  he 
was  a  high  royalist,  and  adhered  to  the  interest  of  the  royal  family, 
when  it  was  at  the  lowest  ebb  of  fortune,  with  inflexible  fidelity. 
This  exposed  him  to  the  resentment  of  Cromwell,  who,  when  he 
imposed  fines  on  all  men  of  rank  and  condition  that  favoured  the 
King*s  interest,  in  1054,  the  Lord  &lvaird  was  fined  1^00/. 
sterling.  ^ 

On  the  death  of  James  Murray,  Earl  of  Annandale,  and  third 
Viscount  Stormont,  (as  has  been  before  observed)  he  succeeded  to 
the  honour  and  dignity  of  Vbcount  of  Stormont,  and  to  the  lord* 
ship  of  Scone.  He  married  Jean^  daughter  of  James,  the  second 
Earl  of  Southesk,  and  widow  of  James  Earl  of  Annandale,  afore- 
said, by  whom  be  had  David,  his  son  and  heir;  and  two  daughters, 
Catharine,  who  was  married  to  William  Earl  of  Kintore^  and 
Amelia,  who  died  unmarried.  He  died  July  10th,  1667,  and 
was  succeeded  by  his  said  only  son, 

David,  fifik  Fiscount  Stormont,  and  third  Lord  Balvaird,  a 
nobleman  of  excellent  natural  and  acquired  endowments,  strict 
honour,  and  unstained  probity.  He  married  Margery,  only 
daughter  of  David  Scot,  of  Scotstarvet,  ^  heir  male  of  the  noble 
family  of  Buccleuch,  by  Nicolas,  his  first  wife,  only  daughter  of 
Sir  John  Gricrson,  of  Lagg,  and  of  his  wife  Isabel,  one  of  the 
daughters  and  heirs  of  Robert  Lord  Boyd  -,  whereby  the  present 
Earl  of  Mansfield  is  one  of  the  heirs  of  line  of  Sir  James  Mur- 
ray, of  Cockpool.  elder  brother  of  John  Murray,  of  Dundrennen, 
afterwards  Viscount  of  Annan,  and  Earl  of  Annandale,  the  said 
Sir  John  Gherson's  mother  being  the  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  James 
Murray,  of  Cockpool.     By  the  said  Margery  h%  had  six  sons ; 

<t  Cromweirt  act  of  Indemnity. 
•  Charta  penes  David  Scot  de  Scotstarvet. 


144  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

first,  David,  his  successor  $  second,  James,  who  seived  ia  tbe 
fourth  parliament  of  Great  Britain  and  last  of  Queen  Anne,  for 
the  boroughs  of  Jnverury,  Kintore,  &c.  and  was  returned  for  the 
same  to  the  next  parliament,  being  the  first  called  by  King 
George  I.;  third,  John,  who  died  young)  fourth,  William,  tbe 
first  Earl  of  Mansfield,  of  whom  hereafter;  fifth,  Charles; 
and,  sixth,  Robert;  who  both  died  without  issue.  His  Lordship, 
by  the  same  Lady,  had  also  eight  daughters ;  first,  Catharine ; 
second,  Elizabeth ;  who  both  died  unmarried ;  third,  Margery, 
wedded  to  colonel  John  Hay,  of  Cromlix,  third  son  of  Thomas, 
sixth  Earl  of  Kinnoul,  and  brother  to  George  Henry,  first  Lord 
Hay,  of  Pedwardtn,  and  seventh  Earl  of  Kinnoul ;  fourth,  Emilia, 
married  to  Sir  Alexander  Lindsay,  of  Evelie,  in  the  county  of 
Perth,  Bart.;  fifth,  Margaret;  sixth,  Jane,  died  unmarried; 
seventh,  Helen  Nicholas,  who  died  at  Edinburgh,  November  7th, 
1777,  unmarried ;  and,  eighth,  Mary,  who  died  unmarried.  This 
David  Viscount  Stormont  died  November  pth,  1731,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded in  dignity  and  estate  by  his  eldest  son, 

David,  sixth  Viscount  Stormont,  who  distinguished  himself 
by  his  extensive  learning  and  knowledge,  as  well  as  by  his  great 
integrity.  This  noble  peer  espoused  Anne,  daughter  and  sole  heir 
of  John  Stuart,  of  Innernytie,  Esq.  and  by  her  Ladyship  had  two 
sons,  and  two  daughters,  viz.  first,  David,  seventh  Viscount  Stor- 
mont, and  second  Earl  of  Mansfield;  second,  James;  Anne,  and 
Margery. 

David,  the  eldest  son,  above-mentioned,  succeeding  his  father 
in  1748,  became  seventh  Viscount  Stormont.  His  Lordship  gave 
early  proofs  of  taste  for  polite  literature,  and  capacity  for  public 
business.  In  the  late  reign  he  was  envoy  extraordinary  and  pie- 
nipotentiary  to  the  court  of  Poland ;  and  after  the  accession  of  hif 
present  Majesty,  he  was  nominated  one  of  the  ambassadors  to  the 
proposed  congress  at  Augsburg ;  and,  after  the  conclusion  of  the 
peace,  was  sworn  of  his  Majesty*s  privy-council,  and  constituted 
ambassador  extraordinary  and  plenipotentiary  to  the  court  of 
Vienna ;  and  afterwards  resided  in  the  same  character  at  the  court 
of  Versailles,  until  the  conduct  of  that  court,  in  publicly  assisting 
his  Majesty's  American  subjects  in  their  attempt  to  become  inde- 
pendent, occasioned  his  recal,  and  the  commencement  of  hosti- 
lities. His  Lordship  was  afterwards  appointed  lord  justice  general 
of  the  court  of  justiciary  in  Scotland. 

William,  Earl  Mansfield,  fourth  ion  of  David,  fifth  Vis- 


COUNTESS  OF  MANSFJELD.  145 

c<Sunt>  tras  educated  at  Westminster-school,  and  after  going 
through  the  nsoal  course  of  study  there,  he  went,  in  1724>  to 
Christ*charch  college  in  the  University  of  Oxford,  and  continued 
a  student  in  that  house  for  several  years*  In  1^28,  he  made  a 
'Celebrated  exercise  in  verses  to  which  the  firet  prize  was  adjudged } 
which  shewed  that  he  might  have  excelled  in  poetry,  if  he  had 
not  applied  to  better  employment^  which  Mr.  Pope  alludes  to  in 
aome  well*known  lines. 

He  travelled  abroad  ^  and  afterwards  studied  the  law  in  Lin- 
coin's  Inn,  London>  of  which  society  he  was  a  member. 

In  173]>  he  was  called  to  the  bar,  and  very  early  came  into 
full  business  of  the  highest  kind;  There  was  very  little  interval 
between  his  first  appearance;  and  his  being  universally  resorted  tOj 
upon  all  matters  of  consequence. 

What  is  rarely  tlie  lot  of  any  of  that  profession^  happened  to 
bim.  He  came  into  business  immediately,  and  began  at  the  top; 
The  ground,  whiph  fortune  had  given  him,  he  maiutained  with 
great  applause.  He  grew  every  day  in  reputation ;  and  made  a 
ihining  figure  at  the  bar^  upon  many  \cry  public,  solemn^  and  in- 
teresting occasions. 

In  November,  1742,  he  was  appointed  solicitor-general. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  house  of  commons  from  that  timei 
till  he  was  called  to  the  house  of  peers ;  and  took  a  principal  and 
OQOst  distinguished  part  in  all  the  debates  of  consequence. 

In  April,  1 754,  he  was  constituted  attorney-general,  tt  is  still 
remembered,  that,  durmg^e  time  he  held  this  office,  he  suc- 
ceeded in  many  causes,  civil  and  criminal,  for  the  King ;  and  never 
lost  one;  because  he  made  it  a  rule,  that  the  King  should  always 
be  cleaily  in  the  rights  and  the  moment  the  case  appeared^  in  his 
own  opmion,  a  doubtful  or  measuring  cast,  he  gave  it  up. 

On  Novemt>er  8th,  1/56,  he  was  nominated  lord  chief  justice 
of  £ngland ;  and  immediately  after  he  was  sworn  into  that  office, 
the  great  seal  was  put  to  a  patent  (which  had  before  passed  the 
proper  offices)  creating  his  Lordship  Baron  of  Manspislo,  in 
the  county  of  Nottingham,  with  limitation  to  the  heirs  male  of 
his  body. 

From  that  time,  the  business  in  the  court  of  King's  Bench 
was  immense.  Nothing  hong  undecided.  There  never  was  ei 
difference  of  opinion  in  the  court  |  and  they  never  had  a  jadg-^ 
ment  reversed. 

•  •  • 

His  Lordship  was  sworn  of  the  privy^cbuocll,  in  a  day  or  tvrd 
tot.  T.  L 


146  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

after  he  was  constituted  chief  justice  5  and,  after  that  time,  the 
council  relied  upon  his  assistance,  almost  singly,  in  the  determi* 
nation  of  all  causes  relating  to  the  plantations  or  prizes. 

The  precision,  the  impartiality,  the  consummate  knowledge^ 
the  clear  discernment,  and  the  dispatch,  with  which  the  latter 
were  determined,  (generally  upon  reasons  given  in  public)  were 
the  admiration  of  the  whole  world,  and  have  produced  universal 
acquiescence  and  satbfaction,  both  at  home  and  abroad ',  though 
the  number  was  incredible,  the  value  prodigious  (amounting  to 
millions  sterling)  and  the  questions  various  and  of  the  roost  ar* 
duous  nature  5  and  notwithstanding  that  in  the  banning  the 
captors  were  disposed  to  be  clamorous  and  unreasonable,  and 
foreign  nations  to  be  jealous,  suspicious,  and  so  diffident  of  the 
jurisdiction  as  to  dispute  it. 

His  Lordship  was  also  called  to  the  cabinet-council  of  the  late 
King,  and  of  his  present  Majesty,  by  whom  he  was  advanced  to 
the  dignity  of  an  Earl  of  Great  Britain,  on  October  19th,  l77ft  by 
the  style  and  title  of  Earl  of  Mansfield,  and  to  his  male  issues 
and  for  want  of  such  issue,  to  Louisa  Viscountess  Stonnont  and 
her  issue  male,  by  David  Viscount  Stormont. 

He  resisted  every  temptation  in  the  state,  rather  than  quit  the 
line  of  an  independent  profession.  He  was  called  to  all  the  offices, 
which  be  executed,  without  a  competitor  3  rather  for  the  sake 
of  others  than  his  own.  He  never  took  any  grant  or  emda- 
ment  from  the  late  King,  to  himself  or  any  person  belonging  to 
him. 

In  April,  1757>  he  was  appointed  for  some  tioie  chancellor  of  ^ 
the  Exchequer. 

In  November,  1758,  his  Lordship  was  elected  a  governor  of 
the  Charter-house,  in  the  room  of  Charles  Spencer,  Duke  of 
Marlborough,  deceased.  ^* 

His  Lordship  retired  from  the  King's  Bench  iti  Jane,  17B8, 
and  died  March  20th,  1793,  at  the  great  age  age  of  eighty-eight. 

Dr.  Bisset  has  given  the  following  character  of  this  celebrated 
man. 

«'  During  the  recess  (1788),  that  illustrious  sage,  who  had  so 
long  presided  over  the  judicial  decisions  of  his  country,  in  the 
eighty-fourth  year  of  his  age,  thought  that  many  years  of  labour, 
without  reproach,  might  be  followed  by  a  few  years  of  rest,  and 
retired  from  the  judicative  bench.  For  comprehending  the  law  of 
this  particular  country;  William  Murray,  a  man  of  the  most  acute 


COUNTESS  OF  MANSFIELD.  147 

aod  extensive  genius,  bad  prepared  himself  by  a  profound  study 
of  history,  general  ethics,  the  philosophy  of  jurisprudence,  inves- 
tigation of  human  passions  and  conduct,  and  the  civil  law,  on 
which  the  juiUcial  institutions  of  so  great  a  part  of  modem  Europe 
are  founded.  On  this  basis  he  raisied  his  superstructure  of  know- 
ledge of  the  English  code :  to  the  depths  of  legal  science,  the  ac- 
curacy and  extent  of  juridical  details,  he  added  the  pleasing  and 
impressive  accomplishments  of  an  engaging,  graceful,  and  per- 
suasive eloquence.  From  such  an  union  and  extent  of  qualifica- 
tions, Mr.  Murray  very  early  rose  to  most  distinguished  practice. 
With  such  opportunities  of  observing  the  circumstances  of  Society, 
of  civil  actions  and  engagements,  and  criminal  perpetrationsj  his 
penetrating  and  comprehensive  mind  saw  that  the  progress  of 
social,  and  especially  commercial  intercourse,  was  producing  new 
combinations^  which  had  not  been  specifically  foreseen  when  the 
laws  applied  to  such  subjects  were  enacted ;  therefore  he  inferred, 
that  the  essential  principles  of  justice  required  such  a  latitude  of 
interpretation^  as  would  render  existing  laws  applicable  to  new 
cases*  The  intelliglcnt  reader  must  know,  that  there  are  two 
great  standards  of  judicial  interpretation  3  the  one  the  autho- 
rity of  custom,  decision,  and  statute,  according  to  literal  defini- 
tion ;  the  other,  according  to  the  general  principles  of  equity, 
construing  particular  Jaw,  unwritten  or  written,  in  such  a  way  as 
best  to  answer  the  great  ends  of  justice.  The  close  precision  of 
English  reasoning  has  difiiised  itself  through  municipal  institu- 
tions, and  combining  with  the  English  accurate  sense  of  justice^ 
has,  in  the  great  body  of  the  law,  made  so  specific  provisions  for 
all  cases,  when  the  laws  were  enacted,  likely  to  occur,  that  it  may 
be  safely  advanced  as  a  general  posttioB,  that  in  every  question 
within  the  knowledge,  foresight,  and  intent  of  our  law-givers,  the 
more  nearly  the  decision  follows  the  letter  of  the  law,  the  more 
fiilly  will  the  purposes  of  justice  be  answered  :  but  when  combi- 
nations of  engagements  and  conduct  arise,  which  law-givers  have 
not  specifically  anticipated,  and  on  which  the  judge  is  called  to 
give  decision,  he  must  apply  the  constructive  character  of  the  civil 
Jaw.  The  personage  before  us,  partly  from  his  education,  in  a 
gr^t  measure  from  having  to  meet  subjects  of  judicial  inquiry^ 
to  which  neither  decisions  nor  decrees  could  precisely  apply  3  and^ 
perhaps,  also  partly  from  that  comprehensive  genius^  which  in 
aeeking  its  ends  might  less  requite  customary  detidls  than  ade- 
i^oacy  of  mbans^  Verged  miMre  to  a  constructive  than  a  literal  in- 


148  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLANC. 

terpretation  :  but  his  judgments  were  just;  they  repaired  injarieSy 
compensated  losses^  and  punished  crimes ;  tbey  confirmed  civil 
rights,  repressed  vice,  supported  virtue^  promoted  the  order  and 
tranquillity  of  society.    The  most  fertile  sources  of  new  cases^ 
during  the  long  judicial  supremacy  of  this  eminent  judge,  were 
commerce  with  its  subordinate  arts  and  instruments.    In  consi- 
dering the  various  and  diversified  contracts  of  this  kind,  which 
neither  precedents  nor  statutes  could  solve.  Lord  Mansfield  re-» 
curred  to  a  very  clear  principle  of  ethics  j  that  where  the  terms  of 
covenants  do  not  precisely  ascertain  the  extent  and  obligations^ 
general  custom  is  the  most  equitable  rule  of  construction.    This 
principle  he  applied  to  delivery  of  goods,  insurances,  wharfages, 
bottomry,  and  an  infinite  diversity  of  mercantile  and  maritime 
transactions.    In  the  great  department  of  commercial  jurispru^ 
dence,  this  illustrious  judge  formed  a  code  of  decisions,  digested 
into  a  complete  system,  and  may  well  be  styled  the  Justinian  of 
Commercial  I^w.     Lord  Mansfield,  with  a  sagacity  almost  intui- 
tive, apprehended  the  fcope,  unravelled  the  intricacies,  and  under- 
stood the  nature  of  a  case  $  discerned  whether  it  was  common  or 
new ;  and  if  new,  by  what  general  principle  or  analogy  of  law  its 
merits  were  to  be  ascertained.    In  his  charges  to  juries^  he  made 
the  evidence  and  arguments  on  both  sides^  and  their  comparative 
force,  80  very  clear,  and  also  the  reasons  and  rules  on  which  he 
formed  his  judgment,  that  every  hearer  of  common  understanding 
must  be  master  of  the  cause,  and  of  the  judge's  view  of  the  cause ; 
and  as  his  principles  of  judgment,  the  result  of  combined  know- 
ledge and  wisdom,  were  uniform,  by  hearing  one  charge  of  deci- 
sion, you  were  assured  of  the  decision  which  he  would  give  in  any 
similar  case.    The  acnte  penetration  of  this  sage  was  very  happily 
exerted  in  eliciting  truth  from  unwilling  witnesses ;  and  in  the 
course  of  his  judicial  services  he  was  very  successful  in  repress- 
ing, not  only  a  great  variety  of  individual  attempts  at  perjury,  but 
in  preventing  the  commission  of  that  crime  in  certain  classes  of 
subjects^  in  which  it  was  before  universally  prevalent.    This 
judge,  thoroughly  comprehending,  not  only  the  general  object* 
but  the  special  compartments  of  his  office,  very  carefully  distin- 
guished between  the  duties  of  a  civil  and  criminal  magistrate.    In 
the  former  relation  he  confined  his  consideration,  at  least  so  fiir  as 
it  dictated  his  charge  to  juries,  to  the  damage  sustained  by  the 
plaiz^tiff,  without  adducing  the  conduct  of  the  defendant  as  a  rea- 
son for  enhancing  damages  beyond  the  actual  injury^  the  repara-* 


COUNTESS  OF  MANSFIJILD.  Mfl 

tion  of  which  was,  and  must  be,  the  sole  ground  of  a  civil  action. 
He  did  not  confound  redress  for  a  private  wrong  with  punishment 
£or  a  public  wrong  5  but  by  keeping  the  administration  of  civil 
and  criminal  justice  separate,  as  intended  and  prescribed  by  law^ 
he  most  effectually  answered  the  purposes  of  both.    Lord  Mans- 
field was  frequently  re}.Toached  with  attempting  to  increase  the 
iD^uence  and  power  of  the  crown,  and  was  exposed  to  great  ob- 
loquy from  factious  demagogues,  who  directed  and  inflamed  the 
populace  at  the  time :  but  on  investigation  it  was  found,  that 
his  opinions  of  the  law  of  libels  were  those  that  had  been  re- 
ceived by  former  lawyers  and  judges ;  that  if  not  precisely  cor- 
rect, they  were  by  no  means  of  his  invention,  but  adopted  on 
very  eminent  authority.    With  talents  to  excel  in  any  depart- 
ment, professional  excellence  was  what  Lord  Mansfield  chiefly 
sought,  and  sought  with  the  greatest  success.    As  a  politician,  his 
Lordship  aspired  not  to  the  eminence  which  his  abilities  could 
have  so  easily  attained ;  and  he  never  was  a  leader.    1  he  mea- 
sure's which  he  spppo^cd  during  various  periods,  ^specially  the 
administration  of  Lord  North  and  his  predecessors,  were  npt  those 
on  which  his  character  for  wisdom  could  be  founded.     As  an 
orator  he  shone  brightly,  but  not  unrivalled  3  though  equalled  by 
few^  he  was  by  one  surpassed.    The  engaging  and  graceful  per- 
suasion of  a  Murray  yielded  to  the  commanding  force  of  a  Pitt. 
Btil  as  a  judge  he  earned  the  highest  fame,  by  combining  philo- 
sophy and  detail,  by  instantaneously  and  completely  comprehend- 
ing the  case  3  and  by  accurate  discrimination,  which,  though  de- 
viating somewhat  front)  the  letter  of  the, laws,  bounded  his  con- 
structions by  the  lines  of  equity  and  justice.     In  him  you  could 
not  always  find  his  precedents  in  the  law  reports,  or  his  rules  in 
the  statutes  at  large,  when  neither  would  apply  ;  but  must  recog- 
nize his  principles  and  criteria  of  determination  in  the  immutable 
laws  of  reason  and  rectitude.    Lord  Mansfield's  procedure  of  the 
bench  was,  on  the  whole,  the  best  that  could  be  adopted  by  him- 
self, or  any  other  judge  of  consummate  wisdom  :  how  far,  as  a 
general  model,  it  ought  to  be  followed  by  all  judges,  might  be  a 
matter  of  doubtful  inquiry.     Perhaps,  on  the   whole,   unless  a 
judge  be  uncommonly  sagacious  and  able,  literal  interpretation, 
keeping  as  closely  as  possible  to  precedent  and  statute,  if  in  some 
cases  it  may  be  an  obstacle  to  the  completely  right,  yet  in  a  much 
gieater  variety  is  a  preventive  of  wrong."  ^ 

f  Bis$et*s  Reign  of  Geo.  1 11. 


ISO  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

In  September^  1738^  his  Lordship  married  the  (jady  Elisabeth 
FiDch^  one  of  the  daughters  of  Daniel^  sixth  Earl  of  Winchelsea, 
and  second  Earl  of  Nottingham  j  but  had  no  issue  by  her,  who 
died  in  1784. 

His  Lordship  having  been  created  an  English  Earl,  with  re* 
mainder  to  Louisa  Viscountess  Siormoni,  on  the  idea  then  preva* 
lentji  that  no  English  peerage  could  be  limited  to  a  Scotch  peer^ 
even  in  remainder,  was  as  soon  as  a  contrary  doctrine  was  esta- 
blished by  law,  created  Easl  of  Manstibld  by  another  patent 
dated  August  llth,  1792,  with  remainder  to  his  nephew,  himself,, 
X)avid,  Viscount  Siowiont,  which 

David,  Viscount  Stormont,  succeeded  his  unple  accordingly 
as  SECOND  Earl  of  Mactsfibld,  having  succeeded  his  father 
ip  the  Scotch  Viscounty  in  1748.  His  Lordship,  having  em- 
braced a  public  life  was  ambassador  to  Paris  in  177^}  and  on 
October  27th,  1779>  was  appointed  one  of  the  secretaries  of  states 
in  which  high  office  be  remained  till  the  change  of  ministry  in 
178i^.  In  thecoalitipn  ministry,  1783,  He  was  appointed  presin 
dent  of  the  council.  His  Lordship  died  September  1st,  179^» 
leaving  the  character  of  an  in4ustrious,  well-informed,  and  able 
Stf^tesman. 

flis  Lordship  married,  first,  Henrietta  Frederica,  daughter  of 
Henry  Count  Bunau,  in  Sasony }  and  by  her,  who  died  March 
iQth,  1767,  had  a  daughter.  Lady  Elizabeth  M^ry,  bom  May 
18th,  1760,  who  married,  December  10th,  1785,  George  Finch 
fatten,  Esq.  of  Eastwell-patk,  in  Kent,  by  whom  she  has  issue 
tev^ral  sons  and  daughters,  of  which  the  eld^t  is  married  to 
major-general  the  Hon.  Charles  Hope. 

His  lordship  married,  secondly,  Louisa,  daughter  of  Charles, 
late  Lord  Cathcart ;  who  succeeded  as  Covktbss  of  Mansfield 
by  the  first  patent  given  to  the  first  Earl,  and  is  since  married  to 
the  Honourable  Robert  Fulkc  Grevile,  next  brother  to  George, 
^rl  of  Warwick,  by  whom  she  has  issue. 

See  title  Earl  ofMan^eld,  for  her  issue  by  her  first  husba^nd, 
of  whom  see  a  more  particular  account  under  that  title. 

Title.    Louisa  Grevile,  Countess  of  Mansfield. 
(Creation.    Countess  of  Mansfield,  October  19th,  1776. 


EARL  OP  ABERGAVENNY- 


NEVILLE,  EARL  OF  ABERGAVENNY. 

In  illiutrioua  antiquity,  great  and  oumerous  bonours,  flourishing 
braochei,  and  mighty  power,  scarcely  any  family  can  vie  with 
tbegpleiidour[x»9e!ued  in  former  ages  by  the  Nevilles.  Camden 
has  obierved,  that  from  hence  sprung  six  Earls  of  Westmoreland, 
two  £ar)9  of  Salisbary  and  Warwiclc,  an  Earl  of  Kent,  a  Marquii 
Montacute,  a  Baron  Ferrers  of  Oversley,  Barons  Latimer,  Baroni 
Abergavenny,  one  Queen,  five  Duchesses,  to  omit  Countesses  and 
Baronesses,  an  Archbishop  of  York,  and  a  great  number  of  inferior 
gentlemen. 

The  Nevillkb  are  descendsd  by  the  male  line  from  Goepa- 
TXic,  Earl  of  Nortkumlerland.  This  great  Earl,  who  was  son 
sod  beirof  M&LnBBD,  who  married  Algiiha,  daughter  and  heir 
of  Ucbtbrcd,  Earl  of  Northuinberland,  by  AJgiva,  daughter  of 
King  Ethelred  of  England ;  (which  Maldrcd,  was  son  of  Cbinak, 
one  of  (he  greatest  and  most  opulent  families  in  the  North  of 
England,)  obtained  from  King  William  the  Conqueror  the  Earl- 
dom of  Northumberland;  but  soon  after  unable  to  endure  the 
aosterity  of  the  King's  power,  fled  to  Scotland,  taking  with  him 
young  Edgar  Atheling,  and  Agatha  his  motlier,  and  abo  Margaret 
and  Chiistian  his  sisters.  He  was  kindly  received  by  King  Mal- 
colm Canmore,  who  gave  him  the  lands  and  manor  of  Dunbar  in 
East  Lothian,  and  several  baronies  in  Berwickshire.  His  future 
conduct  and  behaviour  shewed  that  King  Malcolm's  imoan  were 
not  misplaced ;  for  be  served  him  faitbfully,  and  contributed 
greatly  to  establish  peace  and  order  in  the  kingdom.  His  sons 
were. 

First,  Dolphinns, 


152  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Second,  Wald^vw,  or  Waltheof. 

Third,  Cospalric>  created  Earl  of  Dunbar  in  Scotland,  whence 
are  descended  the  great  Scotch  families  of  Danbar  and  Home,* 

DoLPH^xus^  eldest  son^  had  issue 

Maldred,  ^  whose  son  was 

RoREBT  Filz-Maldred,  who  mairied  Isabel^  sifter  and  heir  of 
Henry  de  Neville,  who  died  without  issi:^e,  U  lien.  III. 

This  Henry  de  Neville  was.  descended  from  Gilbert  de 
Nevil,  a  Norman,  who  came  into  England  with  the  Conqueror, 
being  said  tq  be  his- admiral ;  though  his  name  does  not  occur  in 
Domesdaj'-book.  He  was  father  of  Geffuey  de  Nevil,  whose 
son  Geffrey  ^  married  Emma,  daughter  and  heir  of  Bertram  dc 
Bulmer,  a  grea^  3aron  in  the  north ;  by  whom  lie  had  the  above 
Henry,  and  Isabel^  wife  of  Robert  Fitz-Maldred.  By  this  Isabel, 
Robert  Fitz-Maldred  had  issue 

Geffrey,  their  son  and  heir,  who  in  consequence  of  the  great 
inheritance  he  derived  from  his  motheri  assumed  the  surname  of 
Neville.     He  had  issue 

Robert  de  Neville,  his  son  and  heir,  who  was  governor  of  the 
castles  of  Norhan[i  and  Werke,  42  Hen.  III.  and  warden  of  the 
King*s  forests  beyond  Trent,  45  Hen.  III.  In  that  turbulent 
year,  47  Hen.  III.  this  great  Baron  was  made  captain  general  of 
all  the  King's  forces  beyond  Trent,  &c.  But  in  50  Hen.  III.  be 
fell  off  to  the  rebellious  Barons,  £or  which  defection  he  was  soo^ 
pardoned.  He  died  10  E6^.  I.  Hting  had  by  Ida,  hrs  wife,  relict 
of  Robert  Bertram, 

Robert  de  Neville,  his  son  and  heir  apparent,  who  died 
before  him,  having  married  Mary,  eldest  daughter  and  colieir  of 
Ralph  Fitz-Randulph,  Lord  of  Middleham,  by  whom  he  left  issue 
Ranul^h  de  Nevile,  who  succeeded  his  gvandiather  Robert, 
and  held  Raby  with  the  eight  adjoining  lordships,  of  the  prior  of 
Durham,  by  the  yearly  rent  of  four  pounds  and  a  stag.  He  died 
April  18th,  1331,  5  Edw.  HI.  leaving  by  his  first  wife  Eufemia, 
daughter  of  Sir  John  de  Clavering> 

Ralph,  his  surviving  son  and  heir,  who  Hke  his  ancestors  had 
many  disputes  with  the  prior  of  Durham,  about  the  offering  of  the 
ftag,  for  his  tenure,  and  the  degree  of  entertainment  which  be 

• 
«  Donglas**  Peerage  of  Scotland,  p  440,^. 
k  Tbit  Kf netstion  Is  left  out  by  Dugdale ;  but  tbc  addition  o^  FitT^Maf^ 
4/rtd  to  the  name  of  his  son  seems  to  prove  it. 

c  There  were  other  great  families  of  the  name  of  NetUley  of  whom  som|^ 
^p:^t  is  given  by  Dugdale. 


EABL  OF  ABERGAVENNY.  I5& 

cUinied,  npoa  Holj  Rood-day,  oa  which  thert  ptiw  ao  old  song 
in  rhjme^  as  a  laaneotation  for  Robert  de  Neville,  hb  great  grands 
father: 

"  Wei  Iwa,  sal  ys  Homes  hlaw 

Holy  Rode  this  day; 
Nou  es  he  dede,  and  lies  law 

Was  wont  to  hlaw  tham  ay*^ 

f 

He  was  at  one  time  steward  of  the  King's  hoasehold,  and  in 
many  great  state  employments.  He  was  at  .one  time  taken  pri- 
aooer  in  a  skirmish  with  the 'Soots  at  Berwick,  and  carried  to 
Donbar,  wh^re  he  continaed  for  some  time  in  custody  of  Patrick, 
Earl  of  Dunbar.  In  20  £dw.  III.  he  had  an  eminent  command 
in  the  battle  of  Durham  against  the  Scots.  In  33  £dw.  III.  he 
attended  the  King  to  France.  He  died  41  £dw.  III.  and  was 
buried  in  Dorham  Cathedral.  He  married  Alice,  daughter  of 
Hugh  de  Audley,  who  re*maiTied  Ralph  Lord  Greystock,  and 
died  13/4.    By  her  he  had 

John  de  Neville,  his  son  and  heir,  who  served  several  times 
in  the  wars  of  France  with  a  great  retinue.  In  2  Rich.  II.  he  was 
coostitnted  lieutenant  of  the  duchy  of  Aquitaine,  &c.  It  is  re- 
ported that  he  was  sometime  employed  against  the  Turks ;  and 
that,  being  lieutenant  pf  Aquitaine,  he  reduced  that  province  to 
quiet,  which  had  been  wasted  by  wars  with  the  French  $  and  that 
in  hb  service  in  those  parts  he  won,  and  had  rendered  to  him, 
eighty-three  walled  towns,  castles,  and  fprts.  He  died  J  7th  Oc-» 
tober,  12  Rich.  II.  He  married,  first,  Maud,  daughter  of  Lord 
Percy,  by  whom  he  had, 

^rst,  Ralph,  his  son  and  heir. 

Second,  Thomas  de  Neville,  afterwards  Lord  httnxval,  in 
right  of  his  wife  Joan,  sole  daughter  and  heir  of  William  Furnival, 
Lord  Furqival,  who  died  6  Rich.  II.  He  died  about  14  Hen.  IV. 
leaving  two  daughters  his  coheirs;  Joan;  and  Maud,  wife  of 
Sir  John  Talbot,  whence  descended  the  Earls  of  Shrewsbury. 

He  married,  secondly,  Elizabetli,  daughter  and  heir  of  William 
Lord  Latimer,  by  whom  he  had  John  Lord  Latimer* 

Ralph  de  Neville,  son  and  heir,  before-mentioned,  was  ad- 
ranced  to  the  title  of  Earl  of  Westmorland,  2l8t  December,  21 
Rich.  II.  and  was  constituted  Earl  Marshal  of  England,  1  Hen^ 
IV.  Having  filled  many  high  offices,  he  died  possessed  of  a  vast 
«ptate,  21st  Qctpber*  4  flcp.  VI.  By  two  wives  he  had  a  ver^ 
large  familyi 


154  PEEHAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

He  married^  fittst,  Margaret,  daughter  of  Hagh  Earl  Stafford; 
and  by  her,  who  died  June  ptb,  1370,  had  issue. 

First,  John,  son  and  heir  apparent,  an  active  varrior,  who 
having  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Thomas  Holland,  Earl  of 
Kent,  died  before  his  father,  1423,  leaving,  first,  Ralph,  second 
Earl;  second,  John,  father  of  Ralph,  third  Earl. 

Second,  Ralph,  who  married  Mary,  daughter  and  coheir  of 
Sir  WilJiam  Ferrers  of  Oversley,  from  whose  heirs  descended 
William  Wentwortb,  the  celebrated  Earl  of  Strafford. 

Third,  Matilda,  wife  of  Peter  de  Mauley. 

Fourth,  Alice,  wife  of  Thomas  Grey,  of  Heton^  and  afterwards 
of  Gilbert  de  Lancaster. 

Fifth,  Philippa,  wife  of  Thomas  Lord  Dacre. 

Sixth,  Margaret,  wife  Richard  Lord  Scrope,  of  Bolton. 

^venth,  Anne,  wife  of  Sir  Gilbert  Umfraville,  Knight. 

Eighth,  Margery,  abbess  at  Barking. 

Ninth,  Elizabeth,  a  nun  at  tlie  Minories,  London. 

This  great  Earl  married,  secondly,  Joan,  daughter  of  John  of 
Gaunt,  Duke  of  Lancaster,  widow  of  Sir  Robert  Ferrers,  of  Overs* 
ley,  and  by  her  had  issue. 

Tenth,  Richard  de  Neville,  who  became  Earl  of  Salishury, 
in  right  of  his  wife  Alice,  daughter  and  heir  of  Thomas  de  Mon- 
tacute.  Earl  of  Salisbury ;  and  left  issue,  first,  Richard  Earl  of 
Warwick  and  Salisbury,  commonly  called  the  King  Maker,  of 
whose  two  daughters  and  coheirs,  Isabel,  married  George,  Duke 
of  Clarence;  and  Anne,  married,  first,  Edward^  Prince  of  Wales, 
and  then  Richard  Duke  of  Gloucester ;  second,  John,  who  was 
created  Marquis  of  Mont  acute,  who  left  issue  George,  created 
Duke  of  Bedford  by  King  Edward  IV.  afterwards  degraded,  for 
want  of  a  sufficient  livelihood  in  consequence  of  his  father's  at- 
tainder, who  died  without  issue.  May  4th,  1483.  On  which  (bis 
younger  brother  Jolin  having  also  died  without  issue)  his  eight 
sisters  became  his  coheirs ;  viz.  Anne,  wife  of  Sir  William  Stonor, 
of  Oxfordshire,  Knight  5  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Lord  Scrope>  ofUp- 
sal  $  Margaret,  wife  of  Sir  John  Mortimerj^  and  afterwards  of 
Robert  Home  $  Lucy,  married  first  to  Sir  Thomas  Fitzwilliams, 
Knight,  of  Aldwarke,  (fether  of  WUliam  FitzwiUiams,  Earl  of 
Southampton)  and  afterwards  to  Sir  Anthony  Browne,  Knight, 
whence  came  the  Viscounts  Montagu ;  and  Isabel,  wife  of  Sir 
William  Huddleston,  of  Salston;  Knight. 

Eleventh^  William  de  Neville,  who  became  Lord  Fauconberg, 
in  right  of  his  wife  Joan,  daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  Thomas  Faa« 


£ARL  OP  ABERGAVENNY.  155 

conberg.  He  was  uuide^  1  Edw.  IV,  lord  admiral  of  England, 
and  Eorl  •fKent.  Bat  he  did  not  long  enjoy  those  honoors  j  for 
he  died  3  £dw.  IV.  leaving  three  daughters,  his  coheirs ;  viz.  Joan, 
wife  of  Su:  Edward  Bedhowing,  Knight;  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Sir 
Richard  Strangways,  Kot.  ^  and  Alice^  wife  of  Sir  John  Conjers, 
Knight.  He  was  boried  in  the  priory  of  Gisborough,  Yorkshire. 
Twelfth,  George  Neville^  Lord  Latimer  3  by  which  title  ha 
was  sammoned  to  parliament,  in  consequence  of  a  settlement 
made  on  him  by  his  father.  Earl  Ralph,  of  the,  lands  of  his  uncle 
the  late  John  Lord  I^tiraer,  which  had  come  to  the  said  Earl 
Ralph,  by  a  special  entail,  in  consequence  of  failure  of  heirs  male 
of  the  above  John.  In  13  Hen.  VI.  this  George  was  made  chief 
commander  of  the  King*s  forces  against  the  Scots.  In  his  lattep 
years  he  grew  an  ideot,  and  died  30th  December,  9  Edw.  IV. 
His  wife  was  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Richard  Beaachamp,  Earl  of 
Warwick,  and  coheir  to  her  mother  Elizabeth^  daughter  and  heir 
of  Thomas  Lord  Berkeley.  His  son  and  heir.  Sir  Henry  Neville, 
died  before  him,  being  slain  at  Edgcote-field  near  Banbury,  9  Ed« 
ward  IV.  leaving,  by  a  daughter  of  Lord  Bemers,  (besides  Tho« 
inas  a  younger  son)  Sir  Richard  Neville,  his  son  and  heir,  who 
succeeded  bis  grandfather  as  Lord  Latimer^  and  was  a  com- 
mander in  the  battle  of  Stoke,  1  Hen.  VII.  and  afterwards  an 
eminent  commander  against  the  Scots ;  and,  among  others,  in 
the  battle  of  Floddon.  He  died  22  Hen.  VIII.  having  married 
Anne,  daughter  of  Humphry  Stafford,  of  Grafton,  Esq.  by  whom 
he  had  six  sons  and  six  daughters ;  viz.  John  }  William,  of  Pen- 
wyn  in  Worcestershire  5  Thomas  j  Marraaduke ;  Gkorge  $  and 
Christopher.  Margaret,  married  to  Edward,  son  and  heir  of 
Robert  Lord  WiUoughby,  of  Broke ;  Dorothy,  married  to  Sir  John 
Dawney,  Knight ;  Elizabeth  \  Catharine  $  Susan,  wife  of  Richard 
Norton,  high  sheriff  of  Yorkshire,  13  Eliz.  5  <>  'and  Joan.  John, 
eldest  son,  succeeded  as  Lord  Latimer,  and  died  1542,  having 
married,  first,  Dorothy,  daughter  and  coheir  of  John  de  Vere,  Earl 
of  Oxford ;  and  afterwards  Catherine,  daughter  of  Thomas  Lord 
Parr,  of  Kendal,  who  re-married  King  Henry  VIIL  By  the  first 
he  had  a  daughter  Margaret  5  and  John  his  son  and  heir,  last  Lord 
Latimer,  whodied  1577,  having  married  Lucy,  daughter  of  Henry 
Earl  of  Worcester,  by  whom  he  left  four  daughters  his  coheirs ; 
▼iz.  firsts  Catherine,  married  to  Henry  Percy  Earl  of  Northum"* 
lieriand;  second,  Dorothy,  wife  of  Thomas  Cecil,  first  Earl  xsf 

'  ^aoks's  Dormant  ud  Extinct  Peerage,  toI  ii.  p.  30^ 


156  PEERAGE  OF  JENGLAND. 

Exeter;  third,  Lucy,  married  to  Sir  William  Cornwallis,  Knight, 
(who  lefc  four  dauguteis  bis  coheirs) ;  and  fourth,  Elizabeth,  wife 
of  Sir  John  Dan  vers,  acd  afterwards  ot'  Sir  Edmund  Carey,  Knt. 
by  the  former  of  whom  she  had  Sir  Charles  Daavers ;  Sir  Henry 
Danvers^  afterwards  Earl  of  Danby;  Sir  John  Danvers;  Eliza<« 
beth,  wife  of  Thomas  Walmsley,  (whose  daughter  and  heir  Anne« 
manying  Sir  Edward  Osborn,  was  mother  of  Sir  Thomas,  created 
Viscount  Latimer,  and  Earl  of  Danby,  &c.) ;  Dorothy,  wife  of 
Sir  Peter  Osborn,  ICnight;  Anne;  Lucy;  Eleanor;  and  Mary. 

Thirteenth,  Edward  Neville,  Lord  Abergavenny,  of  whom 
presently. 

Fourteenth,  Robert,  Bishop  of  Durham, 

Fifteenths  Cuthbert,  , 

Sixteenth,  Henry. 

Seventeenth,  Thomas. 

Eighteenth,  Cicely,  wife  of  Richard,  Duke  of  York. 

Nineteenth,  Jane,  a  nun. 

Twentieth,  Anne,  wife  of  Humphrey,  Duke  of  Buckingham, 
remarried  to  Walter  Lord  Mountjoy. 

Twenty-first,  Alianor,  wife  of  Richard  Lord  Spenser^  and 
afterwards  of  Henry,  Earl  of  Northumberland-. 

Twenty-second,  Catherine,  wife  of  Thomas  Duke  of  Norfolk, 
and  aflerwards  of  John,  son  of  Richard  Woodville,  Earl  Rivers. 

Ralph,  second  Earl  of  Westmorland^  grandson  of  ^alph,  first 
Earl,  died  2  Rich.  IIL  and  bad^  issue  by  Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
Henry  (Hotspur),  son  and  heir  of  Henry  Earl  of  Northumber- 
land, John,  his  son  and  heir,  who  died  before  his  father,  20tb 
March,  ZQ  Hen.  YL  having  married  Anne,  daughter  of  John 
Holland,  Ejuke  of  E&eter,  without  issue.  Earl  Ralph  was  there- 
fore succeeded  by  his  nephew 

Ralph,  third  Earl  of  Weshnorland,  who  was  then  twenty- 
eight  years  of  age;  and  was  one  of  the  chief  of  the  army  sent 
against  the  Scots  u^der  th^  Earl  of  Surry,  9  Hen.  VIL  He  had 
issue  by  Magaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Roger  Booth,  of  Barton,  com. 
Lane  Ralph,  his  son  and  heir,  who  married  Editha,  daughter  of 
Sir  William  Sands,  of  Hampshire,  ancl  died  in  his  father's  lifetime, 
leaving  issue 

R^lph,  who  succeeded  his  grandfather  z% fourth  Earl  of  IVest" 
morland,  and  married  Catherine,  daughter  of  Edward  Stafford, 
puke  of  Buckingham;   and  by  her  had  seven  sons  apd  nii\e 

c  He  had  a  second  wife,  Margaret,  daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  ReginaM 
Cobham. 


K 


EARL  OF  ABERGAVENNY.  i6:f 

diaghtersj  firsts  Henry;  second.  Sir  Thomas;  tbird>  Edward; 
iburtb,  Christopher  j  fifth,  Ralph ;  sixth,  George;  seventh,  Cath. 
bert;  eighth^  Eleanor,  died  s.  p. ;  ninth,  Dorothy,  wife  of  John, 
Earl  of  Oxford ;  tenth,  Mary,  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Danby,  Knt. ; 
eleventh,  Joan ;  twelfth,  Margaret,  married  to  Henry  Manners, 
Earl  of  Rutland  5  thirteenth,  Elizabeth,  to  Thomas  Lord  Dacres, 
of  Gillesland ;  fourteenth,  Eleanor,  to  Sir  Bryan  Stapleton,  Knt. ; 
fifteenth,  Anne,  to  Sir  Fuike  GreviUe,  of  Beauchamp*s-court ; 
sixteenth,  Ursula.  This  Earl  died  24th  April,  3  Edw.  VL  and 
was 'succeeded  by  his  eldest  son, 

Henry ,^/A  Earl  of  Westmorland,  who  married  Jane,  daughter 
of  Thomas  Manners,  Earl  of  Rutland,  and  had  issue,  firsts  Charles; 
secfond,  Eleanor,  wife  of  Sir  William  Pelharo,  Knight,  master  of 
the  ordnance ;  third,  Catherine,  wife  of  Sir  John  Constable^  of 
Kirby  Knowie,  in  Yorkshire ;  fourth  and  fifth,  Mary  and  Ade* 
line,  who  died  unmarried.  He  married,  secondly,  Margaret, 
daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Cholmley,  Knight,  widow  of  Sir  Henry 
Gascoigne,  Knight,  by  whom  he  had  Margaret  and  Elizabeth. 
This  Earl  died  in  August  1563  ;  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son 

Charles,  sixth  and  last  Earl  of  IVestmorUmd,  who  having  in 
I56g  engaged  with  the  Earl  of  Northumberland  in  the  rebellion 
in  the  north,  fied  into  Scotland,  on  the  approach  of  the  Earl  Of 
Sussex,  who  was  sent  against  the  insurgents,  first  lurking  with 
Carr,  of  Femiherst,  and  thence  passing  over  to  the  Netherlands, 
where  he  was  received  by  the  Spaniards,  and  continued  till  his 
great  age  and  death ;  being  attainted  here  in  the  J 3  Eliz.  and  all 
bis  possessions  confiscated.  On  his  decease,  Edward  Neville,  the 
collateral  male  heir,  claimed  the  Earldom ;  but  it  was  adjudged 
to  bG  forfeited.  This  Earl  manied  Anne,  daughter  of  Henry 
Howard,  Earl  of  Surry,  and  had  four  daughters  his  coheirs;  first, 
Catherine,  married  to  Sir  Thomas  Grey,  of  Chill ingham;  second, 
Eleanor,  died  unmarried ;  third,  Margaret,  married  Nicholas 
Pudsey ;  fourth,  Anne,  married  David,  brother  of  Sir  William 
Ingleby,  Knight. 

Babomt  op  Abshqavbnmt. 

We  now  return  to  Edward  Neville,  fourth  son  of  Ralph,  first 
Earl  of  Westmorland,  by  his  second  wife  Joan,  daughter  of  John 
of  Gaunt. 
•     Which  Edward  Nevill,  having  ^  wedded  Elizabeth,  the  sole 

«  Esc.  i^Hen.  VI.  n  3$. 


158  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

» 

daughter  and  heir  of  Richard  Beauchamp^  Lohd  BBRbivEkNT, 
hkd  livery  ^  of  the  lands  of  her  inheritance  in  14  Henrj  VI.  but 
was  kept  out  of  the  castle  and  manor  of  Bergavenny  by  Richard 
Beauchanip>  Earl  of  Warwick.  Which  Richard,  as  also  his  son 
Henry  Beauchanip>  Duke  of  Warwick,  enjoyed  the  said  castle^ 
&c.  80  long  as  they  lived,  by  a  special  entail  made  in  the  reign  of 
Richard  II.  by  William  Beauchamp,  Lord  Bergavenny, '  that  on 
failure  of  issue- male  of  his  body,  by  Joan  his  then  wife,  the  said 
castle,  &c.  should  resort  unto  Thomas  Beauchamp,  Earl  of  War-^ 
wick,  (brother  to  him  the  said  William)  and  to  the  heirs  male  of 
his  bodv. 

However,  in  1^  Hen.  VI.  Henry  Beauchamp,  Duke  of  War- 
wick^ being  deceased,  and  Anne,  his  sole  daughter  and  heir,  in 
ward  to  the  King,  tijpon  the  humble  remonstrance  of  this  Edward 
Nevill  and  his  wife,  >  they  obtained  livery  of  the  said  castle  ofBer" 
gavenny,  &c.  and  in  the  patent  he  is  styled  Lord  Bergavenny.** 
Also,  two  years  after,  was  summoned  by  writ  by  that  title  to  the 
parliament  held  *  in  29  Hen.  VI. 

This  Edward  Nevill  had  the  honour  of  knighthood  ^  conferred 
on  him  at  Whitsuntide,  in  4  Hen.  VI.  and  was  then  married ;  for, 
in  that  year,  the  Lord  Bergavenny  ^  was  summoned  to  take  the 
order  of  knighthood  with  the  King  himself,  who  was  then 
knighted  by  John  Duke  of  Bedford,  regent  of  France,  at  a  solemn 
,  feast  held  at  Leicester ;  and  at  the  same  time  his  brethren,  Wil> 
liam,  and  George  Nevill,  Lord  Latimer,  were  knighted  with 
him. 

In  32  Hen.  VI.  he  was  »  among  other  nobles  in  the  great  par- 
liament chamber,  at  Westminster,  at  the  opening  of  a  cofier,  con- 
taining three  seals,  one  of  gold,  and  two  of  silver,  which  were  in 
the  custody  of  John,  cardinal  and  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  and 
chancellor^  deceased,  when  they  were  delivered  to  Richard  Earl 
of  Salisbury,  as  chancellor.  In  the  same  year,  he  "  marched  with 
Edwardj  Earl  of  March,  (afterwards  Edw.  IV.)  the  Earl  of  War- 

t  Rot.  Fin.  14  Hen.  VI.  m.  13.  f  Rot.  Fin.  14  H.  VI.  m.  16. 

t  Pat.  27  Hen.  VI.  p.  2,  m.  7- 
fc  It  is  considered  as  a  barony  by  tenure ;  for,  though  the  Nevilles  a« 
descended  from  the  ancient  Barons,  thty  arc  not  in  truth  the  heirs ;  the  re- 
presentation of  blood  having  passed  to  the  Greys  of  Ruthyn- 

I  Claus.  de  eodem  ann  in  dorso. 

k  Anstis*sReg.  of  the  Gart.  voL  i.  p.  93,  n.  x. 

1  Rymcr's  Fad,  torn.  x.  p.  356.  »  Ibid.  torn.  ii.  p.  344. 

"  Stowe's  Annalsy  p.  40S. 


EARL  OF  ABERGAVENNY.  ISQ 

wick,  and  others,  with  an  army  of  25,000  men,  and«  being  refused 
admittance  to  the  King,  the  battle  of  Northampton  ensued,  when 
the  rqjralists  were  vanquished,  with  the  loss  of  10,000  men. 

After  Edward,  Earl  of  March,  attained  the  crown,  he  was  one 
of  the  Lords  who  firmly  adhered  to  him  j  and  in  the  second  year 
of  his  reign  ^  went  with  him  towarda  Scotland,  when  several  places 
were  reduced  to  his  obedience  in  the  north.  In  10  Edw.  IV.  he 
was  commissioned  to  master  and  array  all  men  fitting  to  bear  arras 
in  the  county  of  Kent,  and  to  march  and  oppose  George,  Duke  of 
Clarence,  and  Richard,  Earl  of  Warwick,  traitors  and  rebels. 

On  July  3d,  1471,  he  was  one  of  the  Lords  p  who^  in  the 
palace  of  Westminster,  took  the  following  oath : 

'^  I  Edward  Bergavenny,  knowledge,  take,  and  repute  you 
Edward,  Prince  of  Wales,  Duke  of  Comewaill,  and  Erie  Chestie, 
first  begotten  son  of  our  soveraigne  Lord  Edward  the  fourth  King 
of  England  and  of  France,  Lord  of  Ireland^  to  be  verey  and  un- 
doubted heyre  to  our  said  soveraigne  lord,  as  to  tile  corones  and 
reames  of  England  and  of  Fraunce,  and  lordship  of  Ireland. 

''  And  promitte  and  swere,  that  in  cas  hereafler  it  happen 
yon,  by  Goddis  deposition,  to  overlive  our  said  soveraigne  lord,  I 
shall  then  take  and  accept  you  for  true,  very,  and  rightwys  King 
of  England,  &c.  And  feiw  and  trouth  to  you  shall  here,  and  iti 
all  thiogs  truly  and  faithfully  behave  me  towardes  yon  and  yout 
be^tes,  as  a  true  and  faithful!  subject  oweth  to  behave  hyra  to  his 
aoveraign  lord  and  rightwys  King  of  England.  So  help  me  God, 
and  holidam,  and  holy  evaungelists. ' 

Elizabeth  his  first  wife  (who  was  born  *)  at  Hanley  castle,  in 
com.  Wigom.  Dec.  l6th,  1415)  deceasing  in  27  Hen,  VJ.  this 
Edward,  Lord  Bergavenny,  afterwards  married  Catherine,  daughter 
of  Sir  Robert  Howard,  Knight,  but  for  this  marriage  they  were 
both  excommunicated,  in  regard  they  had  carnal  copulation  to- 
gether in  the  lifetime  of  his  first  wife ; '  and  likewise  for  that  he 
was  of  near  kindred  to  her,  viz.  within  the  third  degree  of  con- 
ianguinity.  Howbeit,  at  length  making  their  application  to  Pope 
Nicholas  V.  they  were  absolved,  and  had  a  special  dispensation, 
for  that  their  marriage,  dated  at  Rome,  October  15th,  A.  D. 
1448. 


*  Stowt's  Annalsy  p<4i7-  »  Rymert  torn,  ii.'  p.  714. 

^  LeUnd's  Itin.  vol.  tI.  fol  89. 

r  Regiit.  Stafibrd  and  Kemp  fol.  33. 


160  P££RAG£  OP  ENGLAND. 

He  departed  this  life  on  Thonday,  October  18ib,  l6  £d.  IVi 
*  being  then  seised  as  tenant,  by  the  courtesy  of  England,  of  the 
inheritance  of  the  said  £li£abeth>  of  the  manors  of  Alenvarik  and 
Berlyng  in  Kent ;  Hokam,  Tebinham,  Berghe,  Sutton,  with  the 
fauodreds  of  Laundriche  and  South  Grenhowe,  in  Com.  Norf.  of 
the  manors  of  Ottelee,  Lydgate,  and  Wrydelington,  in  com.  SufF. ; 
of  the  castle  and  manors  of  Ewyas  Harold,  in  com.  Heref. ;  of  the 
manors  of  Kidderminster  Biset,  Kidderminster  Burnell,  Dunclent, 
Purshill,  Rushale^  and  Inlceburowe,  in  com.  Wigom  \  of  the 
manors  of  East  Becheworth,  Westoote,  Padingden- Pembroke,  and 
a  third  part  of  the  castle  of  Reygate,  in  com.  Surrey ;  of  the 
manors  of  Dicchening,  Peccam,  Rottyngdon>  North  Esc,  in  the 
town  of  Iford ;  of  the  third  part  of  the  castle  and  manor  of 
Lewes  J  of  the  third  part  of  the  chace  of  Clcres,  and  fbrest  of 
Worth ',  as  also  of  the  third  part  of  the  hundreds  of  Bunting- 
hill,  Strete,  Berecorape,  Swanbergh,  Helmestrowe,  Youseraerc, 
Walesbone,  and  Ponynges,  with  the  moytie  of  the  hundreds  of 
Wyndham  and  Fisherskg;ate,  all  in  com.  Sussex;  of  the  manors  of 
Fordham,  East  Hanyiigfield,  West  Hanyngfield,  Thoriton,  Rides- 
well,  and  South  Han)rngfield,  in  com.  Essex ;  and  of  the  manors 
of  Aston  Cantclow,  Shel field,  Allesley,  and  Fillongley,  in  com. 
Warw.  leaving  Sir  George  Nevill,  Knight,  his  Secotid  son  by  his 
first  wife,  his  next  heir,  at  that  tim6  twenty^six  years  of  agfe:  * 
for  tlichai'd,  his  eldest  son,  died  before  him  at  the  bastle  of  Raby, 
and  was  bufied  in  the  south  aisle  of  the  collegiate  church  at  Stane- 
drope,  in  the  bishopric  of  Diirham,, under  a  flat  marble  stone, 
with  his  portraiture  in  brass.  He  had  "  also  two  daughters  ;  Alice, 
married  to  Sir  Thomas  Grey,  Knight ;  and  Catharine,  wife  of 
Iwarby,  Esq. 

And  by  his  second  wife,  Catharine,  who  was  sister  of  John 
Howard,  Duke  of  Norfolk,  he  had  three  daughters  ;  *  Margaret, 
married  to  John  Brook,  Lord  Cobham  y  Catharine,  wife  of  Robert 
Tanfeild,  aud  Anne,  of  the  Lord  Strange  j  as  also  three  sons,  who 
died  young* 

Gborob,  his  only  surviving  sod  and  heir,  in  36  Hen.  VI.  was 
found  to  be  one  of  the  cousins  ^f  and  heirs  of  Sir  Rowland  Len- 
thale.  Knight,  viz.  son  of  Elizabeth,  Lady  Bergavenny,  daughter 
of  Richard  Beauchamp,  Earl  of  Worcester,  son  of  Joan,  some- 
time Lady  Bergavenny,  one  of  the  three  sisters  and  coheirs  of 

■  Etc.  1 6  Ed.  IV.  n.  66.  Lei.  Itin:  vol.  i  i,  9%. 

«  Descent  of  Nobility,  MS*  B.  2O1  in  Bibl.  Joh-  Anstis  Arm. 

>  Ibidt  7  Claus  36  U«  VI.  m  34. 


r 


EARL  OF  ABERGAVENNY.  l6l 

Thomas^  late  Earl  of  Arundel,  brother  of  Margaret,  mother  of 
Edmond  Lenthale,  Esq.  son  of  the  s^me  Sir  Rowland  and  Mar- 
garet. 

This  Sir  George  NeviU,  second  (of  the  name)  Lord  Bbh- 
GAvsNNY,  being  with  his  father  In  that  battle  near  Tewksbory* 
on  May  gth,  \AJ\,  wherein  the  Lancastrians  were  entirely  de- 
feated, had  then  the  honour  *  of  knighthood  conferred  on  him  by 
King  Edward,  at  Barton,  near  Tewksbury,  And  was  one*  of 
the  Barons  that  attended  at  the  coronation  of  Rich.  IIL  In 
5  Hen.  VIL  being  one  ^  of  the  chief  in  that  army  sent  over  to 
Calais,  in  aid  of  Maximilian  the  Emperur  against  the  French,  he 
returned  back  without  performing  any  considerable  Siction,  in  re-^ 
gard  the  Emperor  wanted  money  to  carry  on  the  war. 

By  bis  last  will  and  testament,^  bearing  date  July  1st,  1491, 
being  then  sick,  he  bequeathed  his  body  to  sepulture  in  the  mo- 
nastery of  St.  Pancrase,  called  the  priory  of  Lewes,  in  Sussex,  on 
the  south  side  of  the  altar,  where  he  had  lately  erected  his  tomb. 

He  died<>  on  the  20th  of  September,  1492,  leaving  Elizabeth 
his  wife  surviving*  (who  was  afterwards  married  to  Richard 
Nayler,  citizen  of  London)  and  five  sons. 

First,  George,  his  son  and  heir. 

Second^  William,  who  died  without  issut;. 

Third,  Sir  Edward,  ancestor  to  the  present  Earl. 

Fourth,  Sir  Thomas  Nevill,  Knight,  was  of  the  privy-council, 
and  secretaiy  of  state  to  Hen.  VIIL  He  died  the  29th  of  May, 
1542,  and  was  b^i^ied  at  Mereworth,  and  left  issue  by  his  wife 

Catherine,  widow  of Lord  Fitz  Hugh,  and  daughter  of 

Lord  Dacres,  of  the  North,  an  only  daughter  and  heir, '  Margaret, 
first  married  to  Sir  Robert  Southwell,  of  Mereworth,  in  Kent^ 
master  of  the  rolls,  who  in  her  right  enjoyed  that  manor.  Her 
second  husband  was  William  Plumbe,  Esq.  She  died  December 
25th,  1575,  aged  fifly-five,  and  was  buried  at  Widial,  in  Hcrt- 
fbrdshire,  where  a  oaonument  was  erected  to  her  memory  by  her 
last  husband. 

Fifth,  Richard. 

And  two  daughters  3  Jane,  wife  of  Sir  Henry  Pole,  Lord  Mon- 

s  Nom.  Equit  MS.  *  HoUinshcd.  p.733- 

k  Pol.  Virf .  p.  %%A%  n.  ao»  a?  585*  n.  aa 

c  Ex  Regi0t.  Horn-  qu.  8,  in  car.  Pnerog.  Cant* 

4  Pit.  3  Hen.  VI I.  p.  I.  •  Regist.  Mooned  q.  t. 

'  MS.  m  Bibl.  Cotton.  Jiilius,  B.  is. 


1 5Z  PEERAGE  ^OF  ENGLAND. 

tacute  j  and  Elizabet))^  wife  of  Sir  Edward  Berkeley,  Knigbt,  to 
whom  he  gave  part  of  his  plate  and  jewels. 

Which  children  he  had  by  Margaret^  his  first  wife^  daughter 
and  heir  of  Sir  Hugh  Fenne^  Knight,  sub-treasurer  of  England, 
who  deceased  on  September  28th,  1485.  s 

And  the  said  Elizabeth,  his  second  wife,  died  A.D.  1500,  and 
was  buried  by  her  husband  Nayler  in  the  church  of  St.  Martin, 
Obtwich,  London. 

The  eldest  son^  Sir  George  Nrvill^  thirDj^  of  the  name. 
Lord  Bb&gaitbnny,  succeeding  his  father^  ^  was  heir  of  his  lands. 
He  was  called  by  the  King's  writ  at  the  Tower  of  London,  ^ 
June,  1483,  1  Edw.  V.  to  prepare  himself  to  receive  the  order  of 
knighthood  against  his  coronation ;  and  afterwards  was  made  ^ 
one  of  the  Knights  of  the  Bath,  the  Sunday  before  the  coronation 
of  Rich.  III.  July  4ih,  1483,  After  which  he  waited  on  the 
mng  in  his  progress  iq  the  north. 

In  8  Hen.  VII.  he  was  ^  one  of  the  principal  persons  with 
the  King  at  the  siege  of  BuUoign.  And  in  12  Hen.  VII.  by  his 
credit  and  power,  ^  preserved  the  county  of  Kent,  from  joiniog 
with  the  Cornish  rebels  then  in  that  county ;  and  "  had  a  share  in 
the  honour  of  the  victory  obtained  against  them  at  Blackheath,  ob 
July  17th,  1497.  In  21  Hen.  VII.  being  under  suspicion**  of 
favouring  Edward  de  la  Pole,  Earl  of  Lincoln,  at  that  time  in 
banishment,  he  was  committed  to  prison  |  but,  nothing  of  guilt 
appearing  against  him,  he  was  enlarged,  and  received  into  greater 
&vour  ttvin  before. 

In  2  Hen.  VIII.  he  was  made  p  constable  of  Dover  castle^  and 
warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports.  In  5  Hen.  VIII.  he  was  elected  ^  a 
Knight  of  the  most  noble  order  of  the  Garter,  and  installed  on 
^ay  Jih,  in  the  eighth  stall  on  the  Prince's  side :  and,  soon  after 
embarking  with  the  King,  he  ^  conunanded  one  of  the  wings  of  the 
army  at  the  siege  of  Tirovenne,  and  at  the  battle  that  ensued^ 
called  by  our  historians  the  battle  of  Spurs,  from  the  swiftness  of 
the  French  in  running  away.    After  which  be  was  at  the  siege  of 


I  Ex  CoU.  Th9.  Meller.  ^  Pat.  8  Hen.  V2I.  p.  1. 

i  Rymer's  F(Bd.tom.xii.  p.  X35«  ^  Nom  Equit.  MS. 

1  Speed's  Chron-  p.  749.  »  Bacon's  Life  of  Ken.  VIL  p.i^. 

«  Polyd.  Viry.  p.  6ox.  •  Ibid.  p.  714. 

9  Pat.  A  Hen.  VIII.  p.  i,  m.  i«. 

q  Artstit's  Reg.  of  the  Gart.  voL  i.  p.  27$. 

r  Hall's  Chron.  in  |«ife  of  Hen.  VIII.  f.  zh  and  ju 


EARL  OF  ABERGAVENNY.  i63 

Toatdsy;'  aiid^  on  the surreodcr  thereof^  was'  appointed  by  the 
King,  wkh  6000  men,  to  take  possession  of  that  city. 

In  6  Hen.  VIII.  he  was '  commander  in  chief  ofSOOO  men, 
that  were  sent  over  to  strengthen  the  town  of  Calais,  and  other 
fortresses  within  the  English  pale^  against  any  sudden  attempt 
that  might  be  made  by  the  French. 

In  8  Hen.  Vill. "  when  the  King,  for  the  honour  of  his  sister 
Che  Queen  of  Scots^  ihen  come  to  visit  him,  had  prepared  two 
solemn  days  of  justs,  he  was  one  the  King  chose  on  his  side.  And, 
the  year  after,  was  *  one  of  the  chief  who  suppressed  a  great  riot 
in  London. 

In  12  Hen,  VIII.  he  was  present '  at  that  memorable  inter- 
view betwixt  King  Henry  and  Francis  I.  King  of  France,  betwixt 
Guisnes  and  Ardres ;  and  in  their  march,  the  Lord  Abn^avenny 
publicly  said  to  the  King,  *  *'  Sir,  you  are  my  King  and  Sove- 
reign, wherefore,  above  all,  I  am  bound  to  shew  you  truth,  and 
net  to  let  for  none.  I  have  been  in  the  French  party ^  and  they 
are  in  number  double  as  many  as  you  be."  Whereupon  he,  *■ 
with  the  Earl  of  Essex,  Edward  Foinynge,  and  Robert  Wiugfeilde, 
were  appointed  to  take  an  account  of  the  number  of  the  French 
King's  attendants. 

And  having  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Edward  Stafford, 
Dake  of  Buckingham,  he  was  imprisoned  in  the  Tower,  in  13 
Hen.  VIIL  for  concealment  of  words  spoken  by  that  Duke^  on 
September  lOth,  1519,^  viz.  '^  That,  if  the  King  died,  he  would 
have  the  rule  of  the  realm,  in  spight  of  whosoever  said  the  con- 
trary, sweariof,  that,  if  the  Lord  Abergavenny  revealed  this,  he 
would  fight  with  him.'*  But  on  February  1 1th  following,  being 
brought  to  the  King's  Bench,  at  Westminster,  and  there  ^  confess- 
ing his  indictment  of  misprison  of  treason,  he  was  soon  after  dis- 
charged, and  was  again  in  the  King's  favour. 

The  year  aAer  being  one  ^  of  the  council  to  the  King,  he  was 
a  witness  to  the  patent,  creating  Sir  Henry  Mamey,  Lord  JVfarney. 
And  19  Hen.  VIII.  on  the  conclusion^  of  a  perpetual  peace  be- 
tween the  Kings  of  England  and  France,  wherein  the  chief  of 

•  Hall's  Chron.  in  Life  of  Hen.  V 1 1 1,  f.  44,  b. 

'  Stowe's  Annals,  p.  496.  »  Hollinshed,  p.  838. 

X  Ibid.  p.  84a.  J  Herb.  Hist,  of  Hen.  VIII.  p-  99- 

*  Hall.  pnbd.  f.76.  *■  Rymtr's  Food,  torn  xiii.  p.  71a 

^  Horbert's  Life  of  Hen.  VIII.  in  Hist,  of  Eng^.  vol*  ii.  p.  41. 

*  Hall's  Chron.  f.  91.  *  Rymer,  torn,  xiii-  p.  787. 

*  Rymer,  torn-  xir.  p.  224. , 


164  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND, 

both  realms  were  goarantees,  he  was  among  those  on  the  part  of 
the  King  of  England. 

In  21  Hen.  VII [.  be'  was  summoned  to  parliament  as  pre- 
mier Baron  of  England^  by  the  title  of  George  Nevyle  de  Ber- 
g^vennj,  Chivaler. 

In  22  Hen.  VIII.  hes  was  one  of  the  peers  who  sabscnbed 
that  letter  to  Pope  Clement  VII.  importing,  that  in  case  he  did 
not  comply  with  King  Henry,  in  the  cause  of  his  divorce  fhun 
Queen  Catherine,  be  wpuld  be  in  danger  of  losing  his  snpremacy 
here.  And»  at  the  coronation  of  Queen  Anne,  ^  he  claimed  the 
office  of  chief  larderer,  which  was  allowed. 

He  died  in  27  Hen.  VIII.  and  by  his  last  ^1  and  testament^  ^ 
dated  the  same  year,  viz.  June  4th,  1535,  bequeathed  his  body  to 
be  buried  in  the  parish  church  of  Birling,  in  Kent  5  and  had  issue, 
by  Joan,  daughter  of  Thomas,  Earl  of  Arundel,  (his  first  wife) 
one  daughter^  named  flisab^,  married  to  Henry  Lord  d^Au* 
beney. 

By  Mary,  his  second  wife^  daughter  of  Edward  Sta£Ford,  Duke 
bf  Buckioghamj  first  Henry,  his  son  and  heir.  ^ 

Second^  John,  who  died  young }  and, 

Tl^ird,  Thomas,  who  died  without  issue. 

Also  six  daughters,  viz.  Catherine,  wife  of  Sir  John  St.  Leger, 
of  Annerley,  in  Devonshire,  Knight  ^  Margaret,  wife  of  John 
Cheney,  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Cheney,  Knight  3  Dorothy,  wife  of 
William  Brooke,  son  of  George,  Lord  Cobham  5  Jane,  wife  of  Sir 
Henry  Poole,  Knight  1  Ursula,  wife  of  Sir  Warham  8t.  Leger,  ^ 
of  Ulcombe  in  Kent,  Knight,  president  of  MudMer  in  Irelfind  j 
^nd  Mary,  wife  of  Thomas  Fienes,  Lord  Dacre. 

Mary  Brooke,  alias  Cobham,  who  had  been  hb  concubine,  "* 
but  then  his  last  wile^  was  great  with  child  by  him  at  his  deat(i, 
and  was  afterwards  delivered  of  a  daughter. 

Henry,  his  son  and  successor,  foubth  of  the  name.  Lord 
Abbroaybnn Y,  was  summoned  "  to  parliament,  in  3  and  4  £dw» 
VI.  and  in  5  Edw.  VI.  accompanied  <>  the  Marquis  of  North, 
ampton^  and  some  other  lords,  in  a  solemn  embassy  into  Frances 
fis  ^Iso  to  present  the  order  of  the  Garter  to  that  King.    After  bis 

r  Rymer,  torn.  ziv.  p.  303. 

B  Ibid.  p.  405-  h  Hoillntbedi  p.  93«. 

1  Regist.  Hogen.  qu  jS.  k  ibid,  ut  supra. 

I  Ibid.  »  King  Edw.  journal.         «  Jour,  of  Pari.  ^  eodca(D  an* 

•  Hist,  of  £4.  VI.  by  S.  J.  Hayivood,  p.  1S13. 


EAHL  of  ABERGAVEi^NY.  l65 

returo^  on  Mafch  3d»  he  was  committed  to  ward,  for  striking  the 
Earl  of  Oxford,  in  the  chamber  of  presence ;  butj  v  on  the  6th  of 
April  Mowing,  he  had  a  special  pardon  for  it.  On  Wyatt*s  in* 
sorrection  in  Kent>  in  the  reign  of  Qae^n  Mary,  he  raised  forces 
to  oppose  him  $  and^  ^  overtaking  a  body  of  his  adherents  at  Black- 
soil  Field,  in  the  parish  of  Wrotharo,  he  put  them  to  flight, 
chacing  them  four  miles,  aiid  took  sitty  prisoners.  After  which 
he  marched  afler  Wydtt  to  London.  In  29  £liz. '  he  was  one  of 
the  peers  that  sat  in  judgment  upon  the  Queen  of  8cots,  at  Fothen- 
inghay.  And,  departing  this  life  at  his  seat  called  Comfort,  near 
Berling,  in  Rent,  *  on  February  lOth,  1586-7,  va$  buried  witli 
great  solemnity  in  the  church  there,  on  March  21st  following. 
By  the  inquisition  taken  af^er  bis  decease  at  Maidstone,  in  the 
county  of  Kent>  August  22d,  29  EHz.  ^  the  jury  found,  that  he 
died  seised  of  the  manors  of  Birling,  Ryarshe,  Ealding,  alias  Yald* 
iog,  and  Lbddesdon  1  the  manor  and  rectory  of  the  church  of  All 
Saints,  in  Birling>  and  the  advowson  of  the  vicarage  of  Birling  $ 
the  manor  of  West  Peckham.  and  the  advowson  of  the  church  of 
Maplescomb,  in  West  Feckham  1  the  manor  of  Mereworth,  and 
advowson  of  the  church;  the  manor  and  farm  of  Oldhate,  alias 
Hole-haie,  all  in  the  county  of  Kent ;  and  that  his  daughter 
Mary,  then  aged  thirty*two,  was  his  sole  heir  j  and  was  married^ 
in  17  Eliz.  10  Sir  Thomas  Fane,  Knight, 

Her  mother  was  Frances,  daughter  of  Thomas  Mannen,  Earl 
of  Rutland.  She  "  challenged  the  title  of  Baroness  Bergavenny, 
against  Edward  Nevil),  son  of  Sir  Edward  Nevillj  a  younger 
brother  of  George,  Lord  Bergavenny,  father  to  this  last  mentioned 
Henry,  on  which  Sir  Edward  the  castle  of  Bergavenny  was 
settled,  both  by  testament  and  act  of  parliament  3  but  the  dispute 
was  not  determined  until  May  25th,  1  Jac.  when,  after  great  argu- 
ments on  each  part,  the  title  of  Lord  Bergavenny  *  was,  both  by 
judgment  of  the  ho\i%t  of  peers,  and  order  of  the  lords  commis* 
sioners  for  the  office  of  earl  marshal  of  England,  decreed  y  for  the 
heir  male. 

Whereupon,  to  give  some  satisfaction  to  the  heir  female^  the 
King,  by  his  letters  patent,  granted  the  dignity  or  barony  of  Le 

p  Privat.  Sigil.  ^  Ed.  VI.  q  Holliaahed,  p.  1094*  1097. 

'  Caffld.  Elis.  in  Hist,  of  Engl.  vqL  ii.  p  519,  $%% 

«  Ex.  Coll.  W.  Dethick  Garter,  MS- not  A.  31,  in  Bibl-  Job.  Anstts  Arm. 

'  Cole's  Esc-  lib.  iii.  N.  61,  A.  14*  in  Bibl.  Hariey,  p.  105. 

**  Gamd-  Eliz.  p*  $1 1«  x  Journal  of  Pari,  dc  eod.  an< 

J  Sf  Iden's  Tit  of  Honour,  p.  8794 


165  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Despenser,  to  her  and  to  her  heirs^  from  whom  the  present  Earl 
of  IVestmorland  and  Lord  le  Despenser  are  descended. 

This  '  Henry^  Lord  Bergaveony^  had  to  his  second  wile,  Eliza- 
beth, daughter  of  Stephen  Darrell,  of  Spelmonden;  she  was 
living  in  l601^  and  was  remarried  to  William  Sidlej^  of  South* 
fleet,  in  Kent,  Esq. 

Which  Sir  Edward  Nbvill  before-itaentioned,  (third  son  of 
George,  second  Lord  Abergavenny)  in  1  Hen.  VIIL  was  one  of 
those  gallant  knights, "  who,  for  the  more  honour,  and  ennobling 
the  triumphant  coronation  of  the  King,  performed  justs  and  tour-^ 
naments  in  the  palace  of  Westminster,  the  King  and  Queen  being 
present.  And,  at  Christmas  the  same  year,  ^  performed  justs  with 
the  King  himself  at  Richmond,  who  secretly  arming  himself  with 
William  Compton,  (ancestor  of  the  Earl  of  Northampton)  thig 
Sir  Edward  Nevill  ran  against  this  Mr.  Compton,  and  wounded 
him,  so  that  be  was  likely  to  die.  The  year  after,  ^  he  was  one 
of  the  three  the  King  chose  to  be  challengers  with  himself.  In 
5  Hen.  VIIL  having  been  at  the  siege  of  Thirovenne,  and  the 
battle  that  ensued,  he  was,  ^  for  his  valiant  behaviour,  made  a 
Knight  Banneret.  In  6  Hen.  VIIL  on  the  marriage  of  the  King's 
sister  with  the  French  King,  when  the  Dauphin  had  proclaimed 
solemn  justs  to  be  kept  at  Pads,  in  the  month  of  November^  ^ 
wherein  he,  with  nine  aids,  would  answer  all  comers,  being  gentle- 
men  of  name  and  arms,  this  Sir  Edward,  with  the  Duke  of  Suf- 
folk, the  Marquis  of  Dorset,  and  others,  had  the  King's  licence  to 
go  over  and  accept  the  challenge. '  And,  preparing  themselves 
for  the  purpose,  they  departed  all  in  green  coats  and  hoods,  atid, 
landing  at  Calais,  October  20th,  were  at  the  coronation  of  the 
Queen,  and  gained  great  honour,  not  only  at  the  justs,  but  also  at 
the  torney  and  barriers.  In  12  Hen.  VIIL  he  waited  on  his 
Sovereign  at  his  interview  with  the  French  King,  between  Guisnes 
and  Ardres,  having  in  his  retinue  s  a  chaplain,  eleven  servants, 
and  eight  horses.  But  in  the  13  Hen.  VIIL  being  suspected  of 
favouring  Edward,  Duke  of  Buckingham,  in  his  treasonable  at- 
tempts, he  **  was  forbid  the  King's  presence.  However,  the  year 
after  he  was  again  in  favour,  and  was  ordered  to  ^  attend  thcKJ^g 

'  MS.  Pedigree  of  Nevill,  pentsineips.  •  Hall's  Chron.  f.  5. 

b  Ibid.  f.  6.  •  Hollinshed,  p.  809. 

<  Horn.  Equit.  in  Bibl.  Cotton,  sub  Essig.  Claudius,  C.  3. 

•  Burnet's  Hist,  of  the  Reform,  p.  486.  '  Stowe's  Annals,  p.  497. 

I  MS.  not.  B.  5,  in  Bibl.  Job.  Anstis.  n  Halli  f.  86. 

'  Rymer»  torn.  ziii.  p.  768. 


EARL  OF  ABERGAVENNY.  167 

at  Canterbury,  on  tbe  27th  of  May,  to  wait  the  anival  of  the 
Emperor ;  who  landing  at  Dover  tbe  day  af^er,  he  was  present  at 
the  interview  between  those  monarchs.  In  15  Hen.  VIII.  he 
was  *  one  of  the  principal  commanders  of  those  forces  sent  into 
France  under  the  Duke  of  SufFollc.  In  23  Hen.  VIII.  he  was 
one  of  the  ^  maskers  with  the  King  at  Cardinal  Wolsey's,  at 
which  time  the  Cardinal  took  him  for  the  King,  and  offered  his 
chair,  being,  as  HoUinsbed  writes,  a  comely  knight,  that  much 
more  resembled  the  King's  person  in  that  mask  than  any  other. 
In  24  Hen.  VIII.  he  waited  on  the  King  to  BoUoign,  and  irom 
thence  to  the  interview  with  the  French  King  at  Sandingfield. 
In  29  Hen.  VIII.  he  was  present  at  the  christening  of  Prince  Ed- 
ward, being  ^  one  of  the  six  gentlemen  of  the  King's  chamber^ 
who  bore  a  rich  canopy  over  him.  But  the  year  following,  on 
November  3d,  was  sent  prisoner  to  the  Tower,  ™  and,  being  "  in- 
dicted on  tbe  3d  of  January,  "  for  devising  ^  to  maintain,  pro- 
mote, and  advance  one  Reginald  Pole,  late  dean  of  Exeter,  enemy 
to  the  King,  beyond  the  sea,  and  to  deprive  the  King,"  was  at* 
tainted  and  beheaded  with  the  before-mentioned  lords  on  Tower- 
bill,  ^  on  the  9th  of  the  same  month. 

He  was  seated  at  Aldington-park,  in  Kent,  atid  having  mar- 
ried Eleanor,  daughter  of  Andrew  Lord  Windsor,  (widow  of 
Ralph  Lord  Scroop,  of  Upsal)  had  issue  two  sons. 

JFirst,  Edward  $  and. 

Second,  Henry,  of  BillinghMf,  in  Berks,  from  whom  the 
Nevilles  of  that  county  descended;  ancestors  of  Lord  Bray- 
bnx)k. 

Also  three  daughters ;  Catharine,  wedded  to  Clement  Throg* 
morton,  of  Hasely,  in  com.  Warwick>  Esq.  5  Frances,  wife  of 
Sir  Edward  Walgrave,  of  Borley,  in  Essex,  Knight,  ancestor,  by 
her,  of  the  Earl  Waldegrave ;  and  Elizabeth,  married  to  Thomas 
Eymes,  or  Heynes,  of  Yorkshire,  Esq. 

Edward  Nbvill,  fifth  trfthe  iiame^  Lord  Abrrgavennt> 
eldest  son  and  heir  of  the  said  Sir  Edward>  succeeded  in  29  Elic. 
to  the  barony  and  honour  of  BergavenQy>  and  married  two  wives; 
first,  Catharine,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Brown,  or  Brome,  of  Halton> 
in  Oxfordshire,  Knight^  by  whom  he  had  issue  four  sons. 

YvaX,  Edward. 


i  StDwe«  p.  520.  k  Ibid.  p.  ^io> 

I  Strypc'i  M«norial»  vol.  it.  p.  3.  »  Hall,  1 233. 

Ibid.  •  Stowe»  p-  575*  '  HaU>  pmd* 


1«8  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

\ 

I 

Second,  Francis,  who  married  Mary^  daughter  of  Thomai 
LakeDor>  £sq.  (but  this  branch  is  estioct.) 
Third,  George )  and. 

Fourth,  Sir  Henry  Nevill,  of  Bedminster,  Knight,  (who  by 
Ellen,  daughter  of  Edward  Poole,  Esq  had  four  sons.) 

But  by  the  second  wife,  Grisold,  daughter  of  Thomas  Hughes, 
of  Uxbridge,  in  com.  Middlesex,  Esq.  he  had  no  issue}  and  she 
surviving  him,  was  afterwards  married  to  Francis  Clifibrd,  Earl  of 
Cumberland. 

The  inquisition  taken  after  his  decease  at  Maidstone,  in  Kent, 
July  7th,  31  Eliz."*  recites,  that  he  died  on  February  10th  before; 
and  that  Edward  Nevill,  his  son  and  heir,  was  thirty-eight  years 
of  age,  and  was  found  to  be  cousin  and  heir  of  Henry  Nevill, 
Lord  Abergavenny,  and  that  he  died  possessed  of  the  manor  and 
rectory  of  fiirling,  the  manors  of  Ryashe,  Ealding,  alias  Yalding, 
and  Luddisdon,  in  the  county  of  Kent ;  the  manor  of  Rotherfield, 
forest  of  Waterdown,  with  the  appurtenances,  barony  of  Lewys, 
borough  of  Lewys,  and  the  manor  of  Ditchliog,  in  the  county  of 
Sussex. 

Edward,  his  eldest  son,  sixth  Lokd  Abbroavbnmy,  in 
1  James  I.  had  the  title  of  Lord  Bergavenny  confirmed  to  him  by 
the  house  of  peers  3  and,  the  year  after,  claimeJ  the  title  of  Earl 
qf  Westmorland,  as  heir  male  $ '  which  case  is  recited  in  Coke  a 
seventh  Report,  where  his  claim  is  set  forth  at  large ;  but  was  de- 
termined against  him.  And  having  married  Rachel,  daughter  of 
John  Lennard,  of  Knoll,  in  J^nt,  Esq.  ancestor  of  the  Earl  of 
■  Sussex  of  that  name,  (who  *  had  sepulture  at  Biding,  October  ^5th, 
1616)  had  issue  six  sons. 

First,  Sir  Henry  Nevill,  Knight,  who  succeeded  him. 

Second,  Edward,  who  died  unmarried,  A.  D.  161O. 

Third,  Christopher,  who  took  to  wife  Mary,  one  of  the 
daughters  and  coheirs  of  Thomas  Darcy,  of  Tolston  Darcy,  in 
com.  Essex,  Esq.  from  whom  the  present  Earl  of  Abergavenny  Is 
descended. 

Fourth,  John. 

FifUi,  Thomas  3  and. 

Sixth,  Charles,  who  all  died  young. 

And  five  daughters  3  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Sir  John  Grey,  Knight, 

q  Cole's  Esc.  lib  I  p.  411,  N.  61,  A.  12,  in  Bibl.  Harley. 
r  But  quere,  if  the  cUtmant  was  not  another  Edward  Neville?    Or  did 
•«jt  Edmund  Neville  of  the  Latimer  branch  claim  it? 

•  fix  Rcgist.  Eocl.  de  Birliag. 


EARL  OF  ABERGAVENNY.  X69 

eldest  SOD  of  Heor;f  Lord  Grey,  «f  Groby ,  and  afterwards  of  Sir 
John  fiingley.  Knight;  Mary,  wife  of  Sir  George  Goring,  of 
Denny,  in  com.  Sus^x,  Knight,  (afterwards  Lord  Goring,  and 
Earl  of  Norwich)  ;  Catharine,  wife  of  Sir  Stephen  Lessieur,  of 
Chbwick,  in  com  Middlesex,  Knight.  Slie  died  August  4tb, 
1630,  and  was  buried  in  St.  Faith's  church,  nnder  St.  Paul's  cathe« 
dral;  Frances  and  Margaret,  who  both  died  young. 

This  Edward  Lord  Abergavenny  departing  this  life,  December 
1st,  1622,  had*  sepulture  with  his  ancestors  al  £irling>  the  3d  of 
the  same  month,  and  was  succeeded  by 

HaNRT,  bis  son  and  heir,  sbvbnth  Lord  Aberoaybmmt^ 
who  first  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Thomas  Sackvile,  Earl  of 
Dorset,  (lord  treasurer  of  England)  by  whom  he  had  issue, 

Sir  Thomas  Nevill,  Knight  of  the  Bath,  who  married  Frances, 
daughter  of  Henry  Lord  Mordaunt,  and  died  in  his  father's  life<» 
time,  A.  D.  l638,  and,  00  May  7th  that  year,  was  buried  at  fiirl- 
log,  leaving  issue  Henry,  who  died  in  his  in&ncy,  A.  D.  16391 
Charles,  who  died  in  iGsj,  by  a  fall  from  his  horse ;  Margaret,  wife 
of  Thomas  Bfooke,  of  Madely,  in  com.  Salop,  Esq.  j  Cicely,  wife 
of  Fitzwilliam  Coningsby,  of  Hampton-court,  in  com.  Hereford, 
Esq.  ancestor  of  the  late  Countess  of  Coningsby ;  Anne,  Abbesa 
of  Pontoise,  in  France ;  Elizabeth  and  Mary,  who  died  unmarried. 
To  his  second  wife  he  wedded  Catharine,  daughter  of  Edward 
Lord  Vaux,  of  Harowden,  and  had  issue  by  her  two  sons, 
John  and  George,  successively  barons  of  Abergavenny. 
And  three  daughters  3  Catharine,  first  married  to  Sir  Robert 
Howard,  Knight,  a  younger  son  of  Theophilus  Earl  of  Suffolk, 
afterwards  to  Robert  Berry,  of  Ludlow,  in  com.  Salop,  Esq.  i 
Frances,  who  died  unmarried  3  and  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Thomas 
Stonor,  of  com.  Oxon,  Esq. 

This  Henry  Lord  Abergavenny  was  boried  at  Birling,  Der 
cember  24tb,  l64l  -,  and  the  Lady  Catharine,  his  second  wife, 
was  buried  by  him,  July  10th,  l64g. 

JouK,  succeeding  Henry  his  father  in  this  honour,  as  biorth 
Lord  Abbrgavbnnt,  took  to  wife  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  co- 
heir of  J6hn  Chamberlaine,  of  Sherburne  castle,  in  com.  Oxoni 
Esq.  and  died  December  12th,  166O,  without  issue. 

He  was  succeeded  by  Gborob,  his  brother,  ninth  Lord 
Abbroavbnny,  who  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Thomas,  son 
and  heir  of  Henry  Giffard,  of  Dunton  Walct,  in  Essex,  doctor  of 

•  Ex  lUfift  Eecl.  dt  Birlinf. 


170  P££RA6£  OF  ENGLAND* 

physic ',  and  had  issue  by  her  one  son,  Oeerge  Lord  Abtrggrennj, 
and  one  daughter^  Bridget,  married  to  Sir  John  Shelly^  Bart,  and 
departing  this  life  June  2d,  AD.  1666,  was  buried  on  the  14th  of 
the  same  month  at  Birling. 

Which  Gboroe^  tbnth  Lord  Abbroavbnmy,  was  born 
April  21st,  1665;  and  having  married  Honora,  daughter  of  John 
Lord  Bellasis,  of  Worlaby,  departed  this  life  without  issue,  on 
March  26th,  1604^5,  and  was  buried  in  the  church  of  St.  Giles 
in  the  Fields,  London,  April  1st  following. 

Whereupon,  the  title  of  Lord  Abergavenny  descended  and 
came  to  the  heirs  male  of  Sir  Christopher  Neville,  second  sur- 
viving son  of  Edward  Lord  Abergavenny,  and  Rachel,  his  wife, 
daughter  of  John  Lennard,  Esq.  which  Sir  Christopher,  being 
seated  at  Newton  St.  Low^  in  com.  Somerset,  was  made  one  of 
the  Knights  of  the  Bath  at  the  coronation  of  Charles  L  and  having 
married  Mary,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Thomas  Darcy,  of  Tolston 
Darcy,  in  com.  Essex,  Esq.  had  sepulture  with  his  ancestors  at 
Birling,  on  June  7th,  l64Q,  having  issue  by  her  a  son, 

Richard  Neville,  who,  by  his  wife,  Sophia,  left  issue, 

Gborgb  NeviUe,  his  son  and  heir,  who  was  seated  at  Sheffield, 
in  the  county  of  Sussex;  and  having  wedded  Maiy,  daughter  of 
Sir  Bulstrode  Whitlock,  Knight,  left  issue  two  sons; 

Firsts  George,  who  succeeded  to  the  barony  of  Abergavenny, 
March  26th,  16^5,  on  the  death  of  George,  Lord  Abergavenny^ 
before-mentioned;  and 

Second,  Edward  Neville,  second  son,  born  in  December  1664, 
father  of  William,  fourteenth  Lord  Abergavenny. 

Which  Gborgb,  elbvbnth  Lord  Abbroavbnnt,  married 
Anne,  daughter  of  Neheiniah  Walker,  of  the  county  of  Middle- 
sex, Esq.  who  remarried  John  Earl  Delawarr,  and  died  1/48. 
By  her  iie  had  issue  three  sons  and  two  daughters,  viz. 

First,  Henry,  bom  August  l6th,  1^01,  who  deceased  young. 

Second^  George. 

Third,  Edward. 

Jane,  married  to  Abel  Walter,  of  Busbridge,  in  com.  Surry, 
Esq.;  and 

Anne,  died  unmi^nried,  in  the  twenty«second  year  of  her  age; 
in  March  17367. 

And  departing  this  life  in  the  sixty-third  year  of  his  age,  on 
March  11th,  1720-I,  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  surviving  son, ' 

Gborgb,  born  May  l6th,  170;2,  twelfth  Lord  Abbroa- 


EARL  OF  ABERGAVENNY.  l?! 

TENNt^  who  married  Elizabeth,  <  daughter  of  Edward  Thomicroftt 
of  the  city  of  WestmiDster,  Esq.  and  (lying  on  November  15th> 
172s,  was  succeeded  by  Edward  his  brother. 

Hie  said  Edward,  thirtebntb  Lobd  Abbroavbnny,  mar* 
riedCatharina,  daughter  of  lieutenant-general  Tatton;  who  re^ 
married  bis  successor,  and  dying  October  ptb,  1724,  in  the  nine- 
teenth year  of  his  age,  and  without  issue,  was  succeeded  by  Wil- 
liam Neville,  son  and  heir  of  Edward  Neville,  brother  of  George, 
Lord  Abergavenny,  who  died  in  March  J720-1,  as  aforesaid. 

Which  Edward  Neville  was  commander  of  several  men  of  war, 
and,  being  commodore  of  a  squadron,  died  in  Virginia,  on  board 
the  Lincoln,  September  12tb,  3701,  in  the  thirty-seventh  year  of 
his  age,  leaving  issue,  by  Hannah  his  wife,  daughter  of  Mr. 
Jervois  Thorpe,  who  survived  him  till  March  25th,  1764,  dying 
at  the  age  of  ninety-six,  William,  Lord  Abergavenny ;  and  a 
daughter,  Mary,  married  to  Charles  Chamberlain,  of  Small  field- 
place,  in  com.  Suny,  Esq. 

Which  William,  fourtbbnth  Lord  Aberoavbnny,"  on 
February  ]Oth,  1738-9,  was  constituted  master  of  the  jewel  office. 
His  Lordship,  in  May  1725,  was  married  to  Catharina,  (Tatton) 
Lady  Abergavenny,  widow  of  Edward,  the  late  Lord ;  and  by  her 
(who  died  on  December  4tb,  1729)  had  issue,  a  son,  named 

Geoige,born  June  24th,  1727^  his  late  Majesty  b«ing  his  god- 
father, and  a  daughter,  Catharina,  bom  June  20th,  1728. 

His  Lordship  married,  secondly,  on  May  20th,  1732,  the 
Lady  Rebecca,  daughter  of  Thomas,  Earl  of  Pembroke,  and  by 
her,  who  died  October  20tb,  1 758,  had  issue  three  daughters; 

Harriot,  bom  November  17th,  1734,  died  unmarried,  17^2; 
Mary,  bom  June  13th,  1736,  died  unmarried,  17^83  andSophia, 
bom  March  14th,  1738,  died  unmarried,  17^93  and  one  son, 
William,  born  in  October  1741. 

His  Lordship  died  at  the  Bath,  September  21st,  1744,  and  was, 
buried  at  East  Grinstead,  in  Sussex,  October  2d,  following;  to 
whom  succeeded  in  honour  and  estate  his  only  son  by  his  first 
Lady, 

Georob,  fifteenth  Lord  Abbrgaybmnt,  who  in  July,  17^7, 
was  appointed  lord  lieutenant,  and  custos  rotulomm  of  the  county 

*  She  remarried  Mr.  Pink,  of  Shantcd,  a  Kentish  gentleman,  and  was 
cnndmocher  of  the  late  Henry  Alured  Sho?e,  Esq  Barrister  at  laW|  havii^f 
<&c4  about  tweaty.five  yean  ago* 

"  Gazette,  No.  777s* 


1 72  .    P££RA6£  OP  £NGLAND. 

of  Sussex,  which  he  resigned  in  17^95  his  Lordship  roarnedy 
February  5th,  IJSS,  Henrietta,  daughter  of  Thomas  Pelham,  late 
of  Stanmere,  in  Sussex,  Esq.  sister  to  Thomas,  late  Earl  of  Chi- 
chester, by  which  Lady,  who  died  in  August  31st,  1768,  he  had 
issue. 

First,  Heniy,  his  heir  apparent,  bom  February  32d,  1755. 

Second,  the  Rev.  George  Henry,  bom  September  6th,  1 7G0, 
married.  May  llth,  1787i  Caroline,  daughter  of  the  Hon.  Richard 
Walpole,  and  has  a  daughter  born  August  5th^  17B9,  and  a  son 
bom  March  12th,  1792. 

And  a  daugbter>  Henrietta,  born  May  24th,  1756;  married  at 
Hingham  in  Norfolk,  September  gib,  1779>  to  Sir  John  Bemey, 
of  Kirby>  in  com^  Norfolk,  Bart. 

His  Loidsliip  was  on  May  17th,  1764,  advanced  to  the  dig»- 
nities  of  Fiscount  Neville,  and  Eabl  op  Abbboatevny,  and  died 
September  lOlh,  1785,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son 

Hbnby,  SECOND  Eabl  OF  Abbbgavbnnt.  His  Lordship  was 
bom  February  22d,  1755,  and  married,  October  3d,  178I,  Mary, 
only  child  of  the  late  John  Robinson,  of  Wy)^e  Hou8e>  in  Middle- 
sexf  Esq.  by  whom  (who  died  October  26th,  1796)  he  had, 

First»  Mary  Catharine,  bom  February  27th,  17S3;  married, 
Januaiy  2d,  1802,  Thomas  Meyers,  Esq.  late  accomptaot-general 
in  Bengali  and  dying  July  11th,  I8O7,  left  issue  by  him  a  son, 
born  June  4th,  1803. 

Second,  Henry,  Viscount  Neville,  bom  May  ^d,  1785,  died 
April  8th,  I8O6. 

Third,  Ralph,  Viscount  Neville,  born  December  21st,  1786^ 
brought  up  in  the  navy. 

Fourth,  Henrietta,  born  July  14th,  1788. 

Fifth,  John,  bora  December  25th,  1 789. 

Sixth,  William,  bom  June  28th,  1792. 

Tiiles.  George  Neville,  Earl  of  Abergavenny,  Viscount  Ne^ 
vilie,  and  Baron  Abergavenny. 

Creations,  Baron  by  tenure  of  the  castle  of  Bergavenny  (Jure 
Uxoris)  27  Hen.  VI.  1448,  and  writ  and  summons  to  parliament^ 
September  5tb,  1450,  29  Hen.  VI.  By  descent  anciently,  July 
23d,  1392, 16  Rich.  IL  Originally,  June  23d,  1295,  23  Edw.  L 
and  Viscount  Neville  and  Earl  of  Abergavenny,  May  17th, 
1764. 

Arms.  Gules  on  a  salthre  Argent,  a  rose  of  the  first  bartied 
and  seeded,  proper. 


EARL  OF  ABERGAVENNY.  179 

Crest,  In  a  ducal  coronet  Or,  a  bull's  head,  Aigeot,  pied, 
SaUe,  armed  of  the  first,  and  charged  on  the  neck  with  a  rose. 
Gales. 

Supporters,  Two  bulls.  Argent,  pied,  sable,  anned,  ungated, 
ooUaied,  and  chained,  Or. 

Motto,    Ne  tile  velis. 

Chief  Seats.  At  the  castle  pf  Abergavenny,  in  the  county  of 
Monmonth  5  at  Eridge  park,  in  the  county  of  Susses^ ;  and  at  l^iin 
brook^  near  East  Gfmstead,  in  the  same  Qoantj'. 


i 


PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 


PAGET  EARL  OF  UXBRIDGE. 

Tbis  bmi]y  sprung  from  Suffor^shire.  The  fintwfao  attained  l« 
tbe  dignity  of  Peerage  waj  Williak  Paget,  a  penon  of  hamble 
origin,  but  of  Toy  great  and  eminent  abilitiei,  whoK  father, 
William  Paget,  <»ie  of  tbe  Serjeants  at  Mace  of  tbe  dtj  of 
London,  bom  near  Wedoeibury,  in  Saffordthire,  had  issue  two 
other  MM,  John  and  Robert;  also  one  daughter,  Anne,  manled 
to     '        Smith,  Esq. 

WiLliau,  who  was  created  pimtLobb  Paoit,  was  'bom  at 
London ;  and  having  been  **  educated  under  the  &rooui  lAUj,  in 
St.  Paul'(School,waiient  to  the  Uoiversily  of  Cambridge,' where, . 
in  Trinity-ball,  he  had  his  academical  education  :  from  whence 
he  went  into  the  family  of  (be  noted  Stephen  Gardiner,  Bishop  of 
Winchester,  si  appran  from  tfaeie  lines  Leland  writ  to  him: 

Tu  Gardiberi  petiistl  tecta  diterti, 
Eloquii  scdem,  Pieriique  chori. 

Which  it,  that  being  yonng,  '  he  went  into  the  learned  Gardi- 
ner'* iamily,  which  was  the  very  leat  of  eloquence,  and  of  the 
mnaes.*  From  his  &mi1y  he  went  to  itody  in  the  Univerrity  of 
Paria,  and  after  some  stay,  rctunied  ^ain  into  the  Bishop's  hooie. 
Soon  after,  in  respect  of  his  learning  and  merits,  he  was  employed 
in  aereral  important  affairs  I  for  in  21  Henry  VHI.  hewas<>«eot 
into  Prance,  to  obtain  the  oinnions  of  tbe  learned  in  that  king- 
dom, concerning  the  King  bii  master's  divorce  tnta  Queen  Ca- 

■  FoUer't  Wattbiu  in  L«ada«,  p.  s  lo. 

*  Stiypt'a  Memoriik,  Vol.  II.  p.  379,  <  jud.  Vol.  III.  p.  ill. 

'  Hubert-*  Life  of  Hearr  VIII.  Id  Hist,  of  £ii|.  Vot.K.  p.  140. 


PAGET  EARL  OF  UXBRIDGft.  J  75 

tbarine;  and  id  23  Henry  VIII.  on  *  November  8th;  he  obtained 
a  grant  of  the  office  of  Warden  and  Constable  of  the  castle^ 
Keeper  of  the  park>  and  Bailiff  of  the  manor  of  Maxstoke^  .in 
Warwickshire,  during  the  minority  of  Peter  Compton,  Esq.  Also 
the  same  year  made  ^one  of  the  Clerks  of  the  Signet;  which  title 
he  bore  in  26  Henry  VIII.  when  he  had  licences  from  the  King 
to  import  400  casks  of  wine  from  Gascony.  In  the  year  1537, 
the  King  ^  sent  him  privately  (with  instructions  to  take  France 
in  his  way),  into  Germany,  with  Christhor  Mount,  to  prevail  on 
the  Protestant  German  Princes  from  agreeing  with  the  Emperor, 
but  rather,  to  refer  ail  their  differences  to  him  and  the  French 
King.  This  employment  required  an  extraordinary  prudence, 
the  voyage  being  to  be  performed  in  a  disguised  habit ;  and  the 
King's  Ambassador  in  France,  and  the  French  King  (FVancis  I.) 
were  first  to  be  acquainted  of  it,  with  whose  directions  they 
had  orders  to  comply.  In  this  arduous  negociation  he  behaved 
himself  so  much  to  the  King's  satisfaction,  that  in  32  Henry  VIII. 
he  was  *  made  Clerk  of  the  Privy-council,  ^  constituted  one  of  the 
Clerks  of  the  Signet  for  life,  and  *  Clerk  of  the  Privy-seal,  with 
the  fee  of  30 1.  per  ann.  likewise  soon  after,  "» Clerk  of  the  Par- 
liament for  life. 

The  year  following,  he  was  ■  constituted  Clerk  of  the  Privy- 
council  for  life,  and  *sent  Ambassador  into  France.  In  1543,  6n 
May  igih,  he  and  onelhomas  Knight,  Esq.  were  ^  constituted 
Clerks  of  the  Parliament  for  life^  with  the  salary  of  40  i.  per  ann. 
and  soon  after,  he  received  the  honour  of  Knighthood :  for  he 
bears  that  title  on  January  l6th  following,  when  the  King  granted 
to  him,4  and  his  heir?,  the  lordships  of  Bromley,  and  Hurst,  in 
the  county  of  Stafford.  Also  in  the  same  year  he  was  •  made  one 
of  the  Principal  Secretaries  of  State.  In  35  Henry  VIII.  on 
June  26th,  he  was  'commissioned,  with  the  Lord  Chancellor 
Wriothesley,  and  the  Duke  of  Sofiblk,  to  treat  with  Matthew 
Earl  of  Lenox,  about  certain  affairs  relating  to  the  government  of 
Scotland,  and  to  treat  of  a  marriage  between  the  Earl  and  the  I^dy 
Margaret,  the  King's  niece. ,  The  same  year  he  *  attended  King 

«  Priv.  Sig.  23  Henry  VIII.  f  Pat.  23  Henry  VHI.  p.  i, 

S  BiU  SIg.  26  Henry  VIII.  k  Herbert,  p.  210. 

»  Pat.  32  Henry  VIII.  p.  2.  ^  prfv.  Sig.  3a  Henry  VIII. 

i  Ibid.  p.  6,  »  Pfiv,  Sig.  32  Henry  VIII, 

«  BiU  Sig.  33  Henry  VIII.  •  Herbert,  p.  328. 

P  Priv.  Sig,  35  Henry  VIII.  1  Bill  Sig.  35  Henry  VIII. 

»  Pat.  35  Henry  VIII.  p.  $,  ■  Rymcr's  Feed,  torn.  XV.  p.  38. 

.  t  Ibid.  p.  i$. 


170  '  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Henry  at  the'siege  of  BolloigD  -,  and  on  his  return  into  England, 
after  the  gunrender  of  that  town,  he  bad  a  ^  grant  (with  John 
Mason,  Esq.)  of  the  office  of  Master  of  the  Posts,  within  and 
without  the  realm,  to  occupy  by  themselves  or  deputies^  and  was 
joined'  in  commission  with  the  Earl  of  Hertford,  to  conclude  a 
general  peace  with  the  French  King;  who  demanding  restitution 
of  fiulloign,  the  treaty  was  immediately  broke  off.  But  being 
>again  set  on  foot  the  following  year,  he  was  then  sent  Ambassa- 
dor into  France ;  and  while  it  was  in  agitation,  received  the  fol- 
lowing letter  from  the  King;  which  forasmuch  as  it  shews  how 
greatly  he  was  esteemed,  and  that  it  gives  an  insight  into  the 
politics  of  those,  times,  I  shall  here  v  insert  it  verbatim : 

^  Trustie  and  right  wel-beloved,  we  greet  you  well  3 
«  And  having  repeyved  your  letters  of  the  22  of  this  instant,  by 
the  which  we  do  at  good  length  understand  the*ole  discourse  and 
conference  which  passed  the  day  before  betweene  yowand  Brewno, 
with  th'  ordre  which  yow  intende  to  observe  in  proponinge  th' 
overture  for  the  Treux ;  we  have  thought  good,  as  wel  to  signifie 
unto  yow  that  we  take  your  proceedings  in  very  thankfuU  parte, 
and  lyke  your  devyse  for  proponinge  the  overture  of  the  treux 
very  well,  as  also  t*advertise  you  for  answer  of  such  things,  as  ye 
desired  to  know  our  further  pleasure  in  this  sorte,  ensueing.  * 

^  First,  you  shall  understand  that  having  perus'd  th*  articles  or 
capitulations,  which  you  sent  unto  us,  and  having  altered  and 
added  certain  points  of  importance  therein,  we  do  remit  the  same 
unto  yon  to  be  concluded  upon  in  such  forme,  as  they  be  now 
conceyved,  yf  you  may  induce  the  French  Ambassadors  there- 
nnto,  or  otherwise  to  be  altered  and  qualified  by  your  common 
agreement  in  some  words  and  terms,  bo  as  the  substannce  of  the 
matters  do  remayn. 

'  And  touching  the  comprehension  of  the  Scots,  our  pleasure 
is  that  you  shall  travell  as  earnestly  as  ye  may,  to  have  this  treux 
concluded  without  any  comprehension  of  them,  whom  we  wold 
most  gladely,  and  think  it  necessary  to  be  left  out,  for  without 
that  this  treux,  serving  the  French  King  to  many  purposes^  should 
be  to  us  every  way  over  much  prejudicial  5  and  therefore  lyke  as 
we  for  our  part  can  be  pleased  to  condude  this  treux  genpralty 
with  them,  without  coi^prehenuon  of  any  States  or  Princes,  so 

< 

•  Pat.  36  Henry  VIII.  p,  i6.  »  Herbert^  p.  949. 

7  Rymery  torn,  XV.  p,  82, 


EARti  OF  UXBRIdGE.  I7; 

think  it  r^on  that  they  shall  conclude  with  us  after  the  lyke 
■oite ;  for  it  bath  not  been  seen  in  any  treatte  of  treux  that  We 
have  made  with  any  Prince  in  all  our  time^  that  any  ether  Pnnce 
hath  byn  comprehended. 

'  And  further  you  may  also  declare  to  th*  Ambassadors;  aswel 
French  as  of  the  Protestants^  how  that  by  such  treaties  of  amitie 
as  be  betweeh  us  and  bur  good  brother  th*  Emperor^  we  may  not 
in  any  wise  comprehend  the  Scots  in  this  or  any  other  treaiie  of 
treux^  or  peace. 

'  As  for  the  time  of  comnieiicement  of  the  said  treox,  although 
we  sefe  not  how  we  may  give  assured  ndtice  thereof  to  all  our 
subjects  being,  as  we  have  heretofore  signified  unto  you^  dis- 
persed in  sundry  places  and  companies,  before  the  first  day  of 
Marche,  and  therefore  think  the  day  appointed  in  your  former 
instruction,  to  be  a  very  mete  tynle  for  the  begynning  of  the 
same  5  yet  if  they  shall  shew  themselves  much  desirous  to  have 
the  treux  begyn,  father  we  be  pleased  to  assent  thereunto.  Mary, 
yoo  must  tell  them  withal,  that  we  bannot  assure  them  to  give 
perfect  nottice  to  our  men  before  the  said  day,  arid  therefore  yf 
for  want  of  knowledge  of  the  treux  (which  nevertheless  shall  be 
published  with  al  mttch  speed  as  may  be)  aiiy  prejudice  shall 
ensue  to  any  of  the  French  King*s  subjects,  we  doubt  not  they 
will  of  their  wiftdoms  impute  the  same  to  their  own  hasty  abridg- 
ing of  the  time,  and  not  to  those  which  shall  thbn  be  found  igno^. 
rant  of  the  same  -,  and  therefore  for  the  avoiding  of  all  such  occa- 
sions of  ane  quarreb,  and  td  th*  intent  all  things  might  be  fully 
observed  according  to  the  agreements,  we  thought  the  first  day 
of  Marche  to  be  a  mete  day  for  begynnyng  of  the  said  treux,  th* 
cnde  whereof  you  may  always  foresee  to  l>e  agreed  upon  the  last 
of  October,  according  to  your  former  instructions,  notwithstand- 
ing you  shall  perchatice,  at  their  instaunce  somewhat  prevent  the 
commentement  of  the  same: 

'  Thyrdlyi  Touching  a  further  meeting  of  the  Protestants,  and 
other  commissioners  for  Us  and  the  French  King,  primo  Maii,  ot 
such  other  time  as  shall  be  agreed  upon,  except  we  saw  a  gretter 
appearaunce  bf  some  cdnfotmite  in  the  French  King  than  bath 
yet  been  shewed  hitherto,  we  neither  thinke  it  mete  to  trouble 
the  Protestaunts  with  any  other  rfesorte  to  a  nue  ASsemblie,  n6f 
mynde  to  make  now  any  appointment  for  the  lyme  of  any  such 
HOC  convention,  whereof  (the  French  King  being  sofc  much  wed- 
ded to.his  oun  will  as  he  is)  there  is  no  lykclihodd  of  any  fniicte 
to  ensue:  and  yet,  yf  in  the  mean  time  we  may  by  4i>y  means 
VOL.  V.  1^ 


178  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

perceive  that  the  French  Kiog  will  relent  faU  obstinacy,  and  Cook 
on  more  roundly  to  some  reasonable  and  honourable  condilfom 
for  a  peax,  we  would  not  only  be  very  glade  to  use  the  mediation 
of  the  Protestaonts  in  the  mayntainyng  of  the* same,  but  also  give 
them  wtU  to  understond,  that  we  do  both  repose  a  more  ample 
.and  fuller  confidence  in  them,  than  the  Frenchc  King  either  doeth 
or  will  do,  whatsoever  he  pretendeth  and  would  make  them  be^^ 
lieve ;  and  woold  also  in  the  concluding  thereof  use  their  advise 
before  any  others,  not  doubting  but  we  shall  find  them  as  much 
addicted  to  th*  advancement  of  our  affayrs,  as  the  French 
King*s. 

'  Fourthly,  As  touching  Brewno,  we  will  you  shall  allure  and 
procure  him  to  senre  us  earnestly  at  moche  as  shall  be  possible 
for  you  to  do|  and  as  for  his  pension  for  this  bcgyooyog,  we  be 
pleased  to  graunt  unto  him  five  or  six  hundred  crownes  by  the 
yere,  the  lesse  or  the  more  to  be  at  your  discretion;  and  as  hit 
service  thall  appere  hereafter  acceptable  unto  us,  so  peradventure 
to  eocrease  it.  And  for  the  firtt  payment  thereof,  we  will  you 
to  take  ane  years  pension  of  such  our  treasure,  as  remayneth  in 
our  treatourer  of  Calay's  hands,  or  is^  or  shall  be  brought  from 
our  servaunt  Thomas  Chamberlayn,  unto  oar  said  Treasourer, 
withe  taking  his  othe  yf  yt  may  be,  otherwise  his  promjrte  in 
writing,  to  do  us  service.  You  may  (if  he  condescend  thereunto) 
secretly  dely  ver  unto  him  with  a  cipher*  to  advertyse  us  of  the 
state  of  things  in  Almayoe,  from  time  to  time  as  occasion  shall 
serve;  giving  him  such  goode  woordes  withall  on  our  behalfCy  at 
may  bothe  eocoanage  him  to  serve  us  tmelye,  and  diligently,  and 
minister  hope  unto  him  of  more  ample  benefite  at  our  hands,  if 
he  shall  thew  himself  no  less  willing  to  the  advaunoement  of  our 
afiajrres^  |pd  ^iligense  in  our  8er\'ice9  then  we  have  conceived 
good  trqpit^iif  him. 

*  Filiallye,  yf  in  the  end  of  this  your  long  conference,  the 
French  Commissionen  will  neither  come  on  more  roundly  in  the 
conditions  of  peax,  nor  assent  to  any  treux  in  suche  sorte  at  we 
have  prescribed  unto  you,  but  will  break  off;  our  pleasure  is> 
that  joxx  shall  both  give  immediate  nottice  thereof  to  our  Ambat- 
tadors  with  the  firoperor,  and  also  give  knowledge  of  the  same  to 
our  officers  at  fiuUoyn,  Gkiysnes,  and  Callyt,  to  the  intent  every 
of  them  may  see  the  better  to  the  garde  of  their  peeces,  and  alto 
by  v'hat  meaoes,  and  consider  with  what  nombers  the  ennemy 
may  be  most  troubled  |  advertysing  ut  of  then:  opinions  therein. 


BARL  OF  UJCBB1D6S.  1^9 

to  tb6  iotent  we  may  further  ^lispose  as  to  us  shall  be  thought 
convenient. 

*  Ye?en  undre  our  signet,  at  our  honour  of  Hampton  -C^nrtei 
the  twenty-sixth  dajre  of  Decembre>  the  thirty-seventh  fere  of 
oor  reigne.' 

Dora.*'  ■  To  our  trustye  and  right  wel-belored  Coun- 
saillour.  Sir  William  Paget*  Knight,  oon  of  our  two  prin- 
cipal Secretaryes. 

On  June  7ih  following.  Sir  William  Paget,  the  Lord  Lisle^ 
High  Aiimiral  of  England,  ^ad  Doctor  Wotton,  Dean  of  Canter- 
bury,* concluded  a  peace  with  the  French  ^  by  which  the  King 
gained  the  advantage  of  keeping  Bulloigu  for  eight  years,  without 
molestation.  When  the  King  lay  on  his  deathrbed,  he  be- 
qoeatbed  to  him  a  legacy  of  3001.  ^constituted  him  one  of  his 
exeeotors,  and  appointed  him  one  of  the  Council  to  his  successor 
Edward  VL 

Being  now  of  great  authority,  and  in  high  repute  for  his  wis*- 
dom  and  learning,  the  Earl  of  Hertford  (after  Duke  of  Somerset), 
protector  of  the  King's  person  and. dominions,  contracted^  with 
him  an  entire  friendship,  whereby  he  bad  a  greater  opportunity 
^f  exercising  his  extraordinary  abilities  to  the  public  advantage. 
On  February  17th,«  1546-/,  1  Edward  VI.  he  was  elected  a 
Knigbt-cumpanion  of  the  most  noble  order  of  the  Garter,  at  a 
chapter  held  in  the  Tower  of  London,  and  was  installed  at  Wind- 
sor oh  May  22d  ibltowing.  On  March  4th,  1546-7,  being  styled 
Knight  of  the  Garter,  and  Principal  Secretary,  he  was  ^  commis- 
sioned to  fix  the  boundaries  in  the  marches  of  BuUoign;  and  soon 
After  exchanged  his  place  of  Secretary  for  the  ComptroUeisblp  of 
the  Household.  In  2  Edward  VL  he  «  obtained  a  grant  of  Exeter  . 
place,  without  l'emple*bar  (formerly  belonging  to  the  Bishops  of 
that  see)»  as  also  a  certain  parcel  of  ground  lying  within  the  gar^ 
deo  of  the  Middle-T<«nple,  adjoining  thereto.  Which  house  he 
transformed  into  a  new  fabric  for  his  own  habitation,  calling  it 
Pa^^cMiouse;  but  it  retained  the  name  no  longer  than  it  continued 
in  the  possession  of  his  family,  being  by  after  owners  called 

«  R)mer,..Tom.  XV.  p.  93.  •  Ibi<*.  p.  104. 

'  fc  Strype,  Vol..  II.  p.  10.  «  Aiiiiss'*  regist.  of  ihe  Gjrtcr,  Vol.  I.  p.  44-/ 

<  Rymco  torn.  XV.  p.  138.  «  l*4t,  z  Edward  VI.  p<  a< 


180  '       PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Leicester-house^  and  Essex-house.  The  next  year^  with  the  Bi* 
shops  of  London,  Rochester,  and  others,  he  was  ^delegated  to  vbit 
St.  George's  chapel  in  Windsor,  Winchester  Collegie^  the  diocese 
of  Oxon,  and  that  anifcrsityj  and  to  order  matters  for  the  im* 
proving  of  good  literature,  and  honour  of  those  places.  Also  in 
that  year  he  was  >  sent  Ambassador  to  the  Emperor  Charles  V« 
to  prevail  on  him  to  enter  into  a  confederacy  against  the  French. 
And  ^  was  received  by  his  Imperial  Majesty  with  extraordinary 
respect,  but  did  not  succeed  in  his  negociations;  yet  he  greatly 
raised  his  reputation  in  the  £m])eror*8  court,  as  appears  by  Sir 
Philip  Hoby*s  letters  to  the  Protector,  when  resident  Ambassador 
there:  in  which  are  Mhese  expressions  concerning  him;  '  That 
he  was  generally  grateful  to  all  the  Eraperor*s  court,  a  few  of 
England's  back  friends  only  excepted,  who  mistrusted  much,  lest 
he  had  compassed  somewhat  to  their  disadvantage.  And  the 
rather  they  were  driven  to  conceive  this  opinion,  because  his  eo-^ 
tertainment  had  been  such,  and  so  respectful,  as  well  with  the 
Emperor  as  his  council.  And  he  was  so  generally  commended^ 
and  well  reported  of  by  all,  and  the  fame  of  his  prudent  handling 
himself,  so  spread  abroad  every  where,  as  they  could  not  thinks 
but  that  of  such  toward  likelihood,  some  great  efiect  must  needs 
follow.*  He  also  added,  *  Thai  should  he  not  perhaps  be  sus- 
pected of  adulation,  he  might  find  sufficient  matter  to  consume  a 
long  time  in  discoursing  of  his  gravity  and  prudence,  used  aa 
well  in  setting  forth,  and  well-handling  his  charge  towards  the 
Emperor,  and  his  Counsellors,  as  in  his  behaviour  generally  to- 
wards all  others.  Whereby  he  had  purchased  to  himself  love  and 
credit  with  all  men,  and  not  a  Httle  for  the  King's  Majesty's^ 
honour  and  estimation  in  those  parts.* 

The  same  year  having  been  called  by  writ  to  the  house  of 
Peers,  by  the  title  of  Lord  Paobt,  of  Beaudesert,  in  com.  Staff. 
he  ^  took  his  place  in  parliament  on  December  3d;  being  then 
ComptroUer  6f  the  Household^  and  Chancellor  of  the  duchy  of 
Lancaster.  And  on  January  19th  following,  was  solemnly' 
created  to  that  honour ;  also  immediately  after,  appointed  one  of 
the  Commissioners  to  condude  a  peace  with  the  French  King, 
Henry  H. 

Notwithstanding  these  extraordinary  services,  he  was  "^com- 
mitted to  the  Fleet,  on  October  21st,  1551,  and  on  November  8tl» 

f  Rymertttantu.  p.  183.  %  Strype*8  Memor.  Vol.  11.  p.  155. 

^  Ibid.  1  Ibid.  p.  163.  ^  Journal  of  pari. 

'  Halliasbed,  p.  to6x.  m  Stiype,  Vol.II.  p.  tAU 


EARL  OP  OXBRIDGE.  ^  isi 

fbllowingy  9tQ\  to  the  Tower^  bj  the  procureinent  of  the.  arabi- 
tkms  Duke  of  NorthambcrlaDd^  who  at  that  time  aspired  Co  an 
abfdote  cocDmand;  aod  having  resolved  to  remove  those  out  of 
his  way,  whose  credit  or  interest  might  be  any  impediment  to  iiis 
evil  pnrposes,  he  first  committed  the  Duke  of  Somerset,  aod  soon 
after  Lord  Faget,  between  whom  an  inviolable  friendship  had 
been  maintained  for  several  years.  The  anfbrtunate  Duke  soon 
after  lost  his  head,  being  ^  principally  charged  with  designing  to 
murder  the  Duke  of  Nortlmmberland,  and  soms  other  Lords^  at 
Paget-hoose.  And  it  was  generally  expected  that  the  Lord  Paget 
would  be  called  ii\  question  for  tlie  same;  but  whether  North* 
omberland  was  sufficiently  satisfied  with  the  sacrifices  already 
made^  or  that  the  Lord  Paget*s  innocency  would  bear  the  test^  he 
contented  himself  with  only  disgracing  this*  able  Minister  of  State. 
Whereupon^  on  April  2 2d  following,  being  the  eve  of  St.  George's 
fisasi,  he  was  <^ divested  of  the  ensigns  of  the  Garter,  on  pretence 
of  defect  in  blood,  and  arms,  for  three  descents ;  but  the  Liber 
Caeruleos,  in  the  registry  of  the  Knights  kept  at  Windsor,  ob- 
serves, those  were  not  so  much  the  causes,  as  the  prevalence  and 
practice  of  the  Duke  of  Northumberland,  by  which  be  had  been 
unjustly  and  undeservedly  put  out  of  the  order. 

Neither  was  this  disgrace  thought  sufficient:  for  money  being 
extremely  wanting  at  that  time,  he  soon  after  was  charged  with 
selling  the  King*s  lands  and  timber-wood  without  commission ; 
and  that  he  had  taken  great  fines  for  lands  belonging  to  the 
crown,  and  applied  them  to  his  own  use ;  with  other  t hinges  ac« 
cumulated  against  him.  Whereupon  he  surrendered  his  office,  and 
submitted  P  himself  in  the  Star-chamber,  on  June  l6th,  to  be 
fined  at  the  King's  pleasure;  and  his  mulct  was  set  at  GOOOL 
whereof  20001.  was  remitted,  upon  condition  that  the  other 
40001.  should  be  paid  within  the  compass  of  that  year.  This  he 
endured  (saith  Sir  John  Hayward),^  with  a  manly  patience,  as 
knowing  right  well,  that  he  held  all  the  residue  of  his  estate  on 
courtesy  of  those  who  hated  him  at  the  heart.  But  in  December 
following,  he  'obtained  a  general  pardon  of  all  the  offences  and 
transgressions,  and  other  negligences,  except  debts  due  to  his  Ma* 
jesty  in  the  court  of  Exchequer,  the  Augmentation,  the  Wards, 
and  the  first^firuits  and  Tenths.     At  which  time  an  *  indenture 

A  Hayward's  Life  of  Edward  VI.  in  Hist,  of  Eng.  Vol.  U.  p.  319. 
•  Ashmole*!  Order  of  the  Garter,  p.  285.  P  Scrype,  p.  381 

«  Life  of  Edward  VI.  p.  31 1.  '  Strypc,  Vol.  II.  p.  382. 

•  Ibid. 


18a  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

was  made  between  the  King  and  bim,  whereby  be  was  to  pay  to 
bis  Majesty  lOOl.  per  annam^  and  lOOOl.  at  Christmas  ne&t,  and  * 
the  same  sum  the  Christmas  following.  Yet  in  February  ensuing 
be  ^  had  a  discbarge  for  the  payment  of  20001.  and  the  next  nunlth 
obtained  a  grant  from  the  King  to  him,  and  his  posterity  for  ever, 
of  the  coat  of  arms  since  borne  by  the  family;  which  had  been 
taken  from  him,  on  pretence  that  it  was  given  him  by  a  King  of 
Arms,  who  had  not  sufficient  power  to  grant  the  same. 

On  King  Edward's  death,  he  "joined  witli  the  Earl  of  Arun- 
del, the  chiefest  champion  of  Queen  Mary  -,  and  after  she  had 
been  proclaimed  Queen  in  the  city  of  London^  accompanied  with 
thirty  horse,  rode  post  with  him  that  night,  to  certify  her  of  her 
subjects  loyal  intentions.     Whereupon  they  were  ^  sworn  of  the 
privy-council,  on  her  coming  to  the  Tower;  and  had  a  ^ special 
pardon ;  and  with  others,  commissioned  to  '  hear  and  determine 
all  such  claims  as  should  be  made  on  the  day  of  her  coronation. 
She  also  restored  him  to  tbe  noble  order  of  the  Garter,  by  decree 
in  a  chapter  holden  at  St.  James's,  on  September  27tb,  1553,  1 
Mariae;  so  that,  as  Ashmole^  observes,  the  honour  might  be  said 
to  have  been  rather  wrongfully  suspended,  than  justly  lost:  for 
in  confirmation  of  his  restoration,  be  had  the  garter  buckled  on 
his  leg  again  by  two  of  tbe  Knights  companions  present,  and  tbe 
collar  of  the  order  put  about  his  shoulders,  with  the  George  de- 
pending thereat;  and  a  command  then  also  given  Garter,  to  take 
care  that  his  achievements  should  be  again  publicly  set  up  over 
bis  stall  at  Windsor;  being  the  same  he  before  possessed,  vi9.  the 
ninth  on  the  Sovereign's  side.     Mr.  Ashmole  further  observes, 
'  That  the  records  of  the  order  brand  this  degradation  of  injusticei 
it  being  inferable,  that  when  bonour  is  conferred  qb  the  score  of 
virtue  and  grjeat  endowments,  the  consideration  of  these  supplies 
the  defect  and  obscurity  of  extraction.     Whence  it  came,  tbat 
tbe  then  Sovereign  (whose  prerogative  it  was  to  declare  and  inter- 
pret the  statutes),  being  at  that  time  present  in  chapter,  thought 
fit  to  qualify  the  law,  and  gave  him  this  honourable  commenda- 
tion, "  Tbat  he  had  highly  deserved  of  the  natiioh  by  bis  prudence 
and  counsel.** 

The  Queen  also  the  same  year  bestowed  on  him  divers  grants,* 
as  the  rcptory  and  advowson  of  AJccstre,  in  ^om.  Leic.  the  mar-i 

.«  Strype,  Vol.  II.  p.  38».  u  Goilwin's  Anna's,  p.  zyt. 

i  Strype,  Vol.  III.  p.  i6.  f  Bill.  Sign.  i.  Mar. 

»  Rymer,  torn.  XV.  p.  388.  a  Oi^r  of  the  Garter,  p.  a«i, 

*  Bill,  sign  &  privat.  s'gi(l»  eod,  an. 


EARI,  OF  UXBRIDGE.  163 

yiage  of  Thomas  Willoughby,  and  the  reversion  of  the  manor  of 
GreauMarlow^  in  Buckinghamshire.  In  March,  1553-4,  he  was 
commissioned,^  with  others,  to  treat  wl.b  the  Ambassadors  of 
Charles  V.  Emperor  of  the  Romans,  about  a  treaty  of  marriage 
between  the  Queen  and  Philip  Duke  of  Austria,  son  of  the  said 
Emperor.  In  the  2d  year  of  Queen  Mary,  sopn  aft^sr  her  marriage 
with  King  Philipt  he  was  sent  Ambassador  (with  Sir  Edward 
Hastings)^  to  the  Emperor,  then  at  Brussels,  to  signify  **from 
Majestits  of  England,  their  joint  longing  to  see  Cardinal  Pole, 
"  That  by  his  authority  he  might  rectify  the  church  of  England, 
wonderfully  out  of  tune,  by  reason  of  the  schism  wherewith  it  had 
been  afflicted."  They  came  to  Brussel3  on  November  1  lth,<^  and 
returned  with  the  Cardinal  to  Westminster  on  the  24th. 

On  January  29th,  2  and  3  Phil,  and  Mary,  he  was  ^  const itqted 
Lord  Privy-Seal.  And  on  May  16th,  1555,  he  went  over  to  Calais 
with  Cardinal  Pole,  the  Earl  of  Arundel,  and  others,  to  «f  treat 
with  the  commissioQers  of  the  said  Eniperor,  and  Henry  II.  King 
of  France,  and  to  mediate  a  peace  between  them.  But  all  the 
fMins  they  took  to  reconcile  their  differences  had   but  little 

On  Queen  Elizabeth's  accession  to  the  throne,  November  ]  7th, 
1558,  at  his  own  request  (as  Camden  ^  writer  in  his  life  of  Queen 
Elizabeth),  he  quitted  the  public  service,  though  in  her  favour; 
'  she  letaining  an  affection  and  value  for  him,  though  he  was  a 
strict  zealot  of  the  Romish  church.'  By  his  'last  will  and  testa- 
iBcnt.  bearing  date  November  4th,  1560,  wherein  he  styles  him- 
self William  Lord  Paget,  Knight  of  the  Garter,  Lord  Paget  of 
Beaudessert,  he  orders  his  body  to  be  buried  at  Drayton,  in  com. 
Middlesex,  if  he  deceased  within  forty  miles;  or  at  Burton,  in 
Staffordshire,  if  he  died  within  forty  miles  of  tlwt  place,  with 
such  funeral  solemnities  as  his  executors  think  convenient.  He 
bequeathed  to  the  Lady  Anne  his  wife,  the  use  of  the  furniture 
of  his  houses  in  London,  and  West  Drayton>  in  Middlesex,  as 
long  as  she  lived  unmarried,  and  after  her  decease,  to  his  son  and 
heir.  Sir  Henry  Paget,  Knt.  to  whom  he  bequeathed  the  use  of 
his  ^eat  standing  cup,  with  the  cover,  double  gilt,  weighing  one 
hundred  ounces  and  a  half,  and  to  remain  from  heir  to  heir,  as 
an  heir-loom.    And  to  bis  sons«  Thomas  and  Charles  Paget,  and 

e  Rymer,  torn.  XV.  p.  m^  *  Godwin,  p.  307. 

•  Strype,  Vol.  HI.  p.  1^6.  f  Pat.  2  Sc  3  PhU.  &  Mar.  p.  8. 

%  Strype,  V^)-  HI.  pJ  117,  ai?.  "»  ^^^'  ^^  ^^'  V°^-  "'  P'  394- 

i  Ex  rtgiM.  Cbayre,  qu.  S7,  in  cur.  pntrog.  Cant. 


184  P£ERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

to  everj  one  of  bis  children  living  at  his  decease*  a  pair  of  gilt 
pots,  of  the  value  of  201.  He  leaves,  besides  Qthcr  legacies,  an- 
puities  to  his  sons  Charles  and  Thomas,  and  his  daughter,  Eleanor 
Palmer.  The  residue  of  bis  estate  be  bequeaths  to  his  son  and  heir, 
8ir  Henry  Paget,  with  his  mansion-house  without  Temple  bar* 
called  Paget  placp,  and  lately  Exeter-place;  and  appoints  him  hit 
fole  executor.    Which  will  was  proved  on  July  1st,  1563. 

He  was  buried  at  Drayton;  but  his  Lady,  and  his  son  Thomas, 
erected  a  very  stately  monument  to  his  n^emory,  above  the  choir 
in  the  cathedral  of  Litchfield,  which,  together  with  that  beau- 
tiful church,  was  destroyed  in  the  time  of  the  rebellion  against 
Charles  I.  but  by  the  care,  and  at  t^e  cost  of  the  Lorcj  Hatton,  a 
draught  of  it  was  taken*  wliercon  the  following  inscriplion  was 
engraven  :^ 

Illustri  Heroi  pug  memorug.  Domino  GuRehf^o  Paget,  Equki 
finxime  konoxati  ordinis  Garterii,  Regulo  seu  Baroni  de  Bt^uide* 
sert;  potentissimi  Principis  Henrici  Octavi  ad  Caroium  Quintum 
fmperaiorem,  semper  augtistum,  V  Franciscum,  Gallorum  Regem 
Chrisiianissimum,  Legato  sapientissimo,,  ejusdem  Principis  prin- 
fipi  Secretario,  isT  Consiliariojldelissimof  inter  alios  kufuspoten" 
tissimi  Regni  Admiti^isiratori,  in  T^tamento  Regio  nominator 
DucaiuLs  Lancastri^  (regnante  EdvardoJ  Concellario  dignissimo: 
Hospitii  fiegii  Censori,  seu  Contrarotulatori  prudentissimi :  Pri» 
vati  Sigilli  serenissim^  Begins  Marine  Custodi  sanctissimo:  11* 
fustrissima  Begins  Eliadbetfue  Seni  charissimo,   Senat^ri  gra^ 
yissimo;  V  optime  de  Patria  sua,  ^   bonis  omnibus  merito. 
Necnon  pomime  Anme  JidelissinuB  Conjugi  sUit,  tif  Domino  Hen" 
rico  utriusgue  charifsimo  Filio,  V  Katkarin^f,  Henrici  uxori  dsd- 
cissimitil  pnedicta  Anna  clarissima  Ftemina  ^Domina  Catherine 
^xor  dic^i  H^rici  suavissima;  CsT  pntnobilis  Fir  Dominus  Thomas 
Paget  in  prtjesentia  Regulus  ^e  Beaudesert,  de  sententia  V  nliimm 
yoluntate  dictorum  Gulielmi  Cff  Henrici,  animis  libentissimis,  bt 
summo  studio  officii  memores  posuei^e.  Vixit  Annis  57,  ob.  g  Junii, 
1563. 

His  Lordship  married  Annp,^  daughter  and  sole  heir  of  Henry 
Preston,  Esq.  son  and  heir  of  Laorence  Preston,  second  son  to 
Thomas  Vtpsiou,  of  Preston,  in  com.  Ebor.    She  survived  many 

1  See  it  engraved  in  Sia^s  St4foriikir«. 
¥  Ex  stemmat^ 


EARL  OF  UXBRIDGE.  185 

/ 

jearsy^  and  wa«  buried  at  West  Drayton,  with  great  faneral  so. 
lemnity,  on  Februaiy  i5th,  1586.  Their  issae  were  four  sons ; 
Heniy^  Tbooias,  Cbarlesy  and  Edward^  which  last  died  young; 
also  six  daughters;  Etheldred,  married  to  Sir  Christopher  Alien, 
Knt ;  Joan,  who  was  the  first  wife  to  Sir  Thomas  Kitson,  of 
Hengrave,  in  Suffolk,  Knt.|  Anne,  to  Sir  Henry  Lee,  Knt.; 
Eleanor,  to  Jerome  Palmer,  Esq.;  and,  secondly,  to  Sir  Roalaod 
Clerk,  Knt.;  Dorothy,  to  Thomas  Willoughby,  ofWoUaton,  in 
com.  Nottingh.  Knt.;  and  Grisild,  to  Sir  Thomas  Rivet,  of  Chip- 
penham, in  Camb.  Knt, ;  and,  secondly,  to  Sir  William  Wald* 
grave,  of  Smallbridge,  in  com.  Suffolk,  Knt. 

His  eldest  son  and  successor,  Henrt,  second  Lobd  Pagbt, 
was  "  tnade  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  Ba(b>  at  the  coronation  of 
Queen  Mary;  and  being  sutpmoned  to  parliament  in  8  Eliz. '^ 
topk  his  place  there  on  September  30th.  By  his  last  testament*^ 
dated  on  November  27th,  1568,  he  orders  his  body  to  be  buried 
ip  the  parish  church  of  West  Drayton,  in  com.  Middlesex;  ap- 
pointing that  a  convenient  tomb  should  be  erected  over  the  graves 
of  his  father,  and  mother,  and  his  own  grave.  He  bequeaths  to 
the  Lady,  his  mother,  the  ring,  with  a  diamond,  which  he  had 
of  the  gifl  of  his  very  good  Lord  the  Earl  of  Leicester.  And  if 
he  happens  to  decease  without  issue  male,  he  bequeaths  10  Eliza- 
beth, his  daughter,  5001.  and  if  the  Lady  Catherine  his  wife,  be 
with  child,  and  it  be  a  daughter,  5001.  but  if  no  issae  male,  then 
5001.  more.  He  ordains  all  his  furniture  within  his  mansion- 
liouses  of  Paget-place,  and  Drayton,  in  Middlesex ;  Beaudesert, 
and  Burton,  in  the  couqty  of  Stafford,  shall  continue  to  such  as 
shall  be  owners  thereof.  He  bequeaths  to  his  brothers,  Thopaas 
and  Charles  Paget,  all  his  books,  if  he  deceases  without  issue 
male;  constitute^  the  Lady  Catharine,  his  wife,  sole  executrix^ 
and  overseer,  his  brother  Thomas  Paget,  Henry  Knevet^  Johi^ 
Vaughan,  and  Richard  Cooper,  Esqrs.  And  by  a  codicil,  dated 
November  13th,  1568,  he  bequeathed  all  his  right  and  term  cf 
years  he  bad  to  cqme,  ip  all  those  woods  called  Great^hedg^, 
situate  in  the  parisi^  of  Icknam,  in  the  county  of  Middlesex,  and 
in  the  parsonage  of  Harmonsworth,  in  the  said  county,  after  the 
decease  of  the  Lady  his  mother,  to  such  as  at  the  time  of  bicr  de« 

1  MS.  collect.  Gull.  Dethick,  Gart.  not.  A.  31.  in  BIbl.  Job.  Anstis,  Ann. 
■•'Stiype,  Vol.11,  p.  35.  "  Journ.  of  pari. 

•  Ex  regiit.  ShefSeld,  qv.  ^i. 


186  P£BaAG£  OF  ENGLAND. 

cease  sball  inherit  the  manour  of  West  Drayton,  for  the  better 
maintenance  of  bospitalitj  in  the  roanson-hoase  there. 

He  died  on  December  28th,  ensuing;  and  the  probate  of  hia 
will  bears  date  on  May  4th,  156g. 

He  had  issue,  by  Catharine  his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir  Henry 
Knevet,  pf  Buckenbam^^  in  cona.  Norf.  Knt.  one  daughterj,  Eli- 
r^beth,  >Kho  was  four  mouths  old  at  the  death  of  her  father,  and 
died  on  June  ^th,  1^71*  His  relict  was,  secondly,  married  to 
Sir  Edward  Cary,  of  Aldenharo,  in  Hertfordshire,  Knt.  ances- 
tor to  the  present  Visconnt  Falkland,  of  the  kingdom  of  Scot- 
land. 

Thomas,  third  Loro  Paobt,  his  brother,  had  summons^  to 
parliament  in  13  Eliz.  and  took  his  place  there  on  April  4lfa.  But 
in  ^r  Elis.  being  zealously  affected  to  the  Romish  religion,  and 
letters  having  been  intercepted,  which  betrayed  his  being  a  well- 
wisher  to  the  Queen  of  Scots,'  he,  on  the  apprehension  of  Francis 
Throgmorton,  privately  (with  Charles  Arundel,  a  courtier)  with* 
drew  into  France,  where,  as  Camden  writes,  '  They  heavily  be- 
wailed and  complained  amongst  themselves,  that  the  Queen  was, 
without  any  fault  or  desert  of  theirs,  alienated  from  them,  by  the 
subtil  artifices  of  Leicester  and  Walsingham :  that  they  were  uo-» 
worthily  disgraced,  and  ignominipufly  used :  that  strange  kinds 
of  tricks  and  cheats  were  invented^  and  secret  snares  so  closely 
laid,  that  they  must,  whether  they  would  or  no,  and  before  they 
were  aware,  be  involved  in  the  guilt  of  high  treason :  and  ^here 
was  at  home  no  hope  at  all  of  any  safety.*  And  Camden  ac 
knowledges,  that  at  that  tiine  some  subtil  ways  were  takeq  to  try 
bow  ipen  stood  affected,' 

HoUinsbed^  relates,  that  Charles  Paget,  this  Lord's  brother, 
^as  a  principal  agent  for  the  Roman  Catholics,  as  it  was  proved 
on  examination  of  the  Earl  of  Northumberland's  case,  viz.  that 
in  September,  1583,  he  came  privately  from  beyond  the  sea,  to 
the  Earl  of  Northumberland  at  Petwortb,  where  the  Lord  Paget 
met  him;  and  that  on  Throgmorton*s  being  committed  to  the 
Tower,  the  Earl  of  Northumberland  prevailed  on  the  Lord  Paget 
to  quit  the  realm,  and  provided  him  a  ship  op  the  coast  of  Sussex, 
wherein  be  epib^rked. 

P  See  Doddn  on  Nobllicy,  p.  79, 
4  Tourn  of  Pvl*  '  Camden,  p.  4)7. 

•  Aboot  this  time  one  of  the  ^ord  Ptgets  had  \^t  character  of  being  « 
Poet. 

t  ChroQ,  p.  1406, 1407. 


EARL  OF  UXBRIDGB.  187 

nieroDpoo,  in  the  parliament  holden  at  Westminster  in  3g 

lis.  he  D^as  ^attainted^  with  his  brother  Charles^  and  their  hinda 
and  possessions  confiscated,  whereby  th«  Earl  of  Lidcester  got  a 
grant  of  P^get-hoose.  He  died  at  Bmssels  in  1589  >  ^^  death, 
as  Camden '  observes,  '  pronng  a  sad  and  universal  lost  to  the 
eommon^wealth  of  learning.'  He  married  Nasaret,  dac^bter  of 
Sir  John  Newton,  of  Barf  s-court,  in  the  county  of  Somerset, 
Knt. '  ancestor  to  the  late  Sir  Michael  Newton,  Knight  of  the  Bath* 
and  had  issue  William,  his  son  and  heir.  She  was  the  relict  of 
Sir  Thomas  Southwell,  of  Norfolk,  &nt,  and  died  at  London,  on 
April  l6th,  1583. 

William,  fourth  Lobd  Paobt,  was  knighted  before  tho 
S9th  of  £1is^  when  he  accompanied  y  the  Earl  of  Essex  in  that 
signal  expedition  of  taking  the  town  and  island  of  Cales.  jknd 
in  the  parliament  held  in  the  1st  of  James  I.  was  restored  to  his 
lauds  and  honours.  He  married  lattice,  daughter  and  cohdr  to 
Henry  Knollys,  of  Kingsbury,  in  Warwickshire,  Esq.  by  Mar- 
garet his  wife,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  Ambrose  Cave,  Knt. 
of  the  Privy-council  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  Chancellor  of  the 
duchy  of  Irfincaster,  fourth  son  of  Sir  Richard  Cave,  of  Stanford, 
in  Northamptonshire,  Knt.  ancestor  to  Sir  Thomas  Cave,  Bart. 
And  the  said  Henry  KnoUys  was  a  younger  son  to  Sir  Francis 
KnoUys,  Knight  of  the  Garter,  and  Treasurer  of  the  household  to 
Queen  Elizabeth.  By  this  Lady  he  had  issue  three  sons;  Wil- 
liam, his  successor)  Henry  and  Thomas,  who  both  died  unmar- 
ried j  also  four  daughters  5  Margaret,  the  eldest,  marri^  to  Sir 
William  Hicks,  of  Ruckholt,  in  com.  Essex,  Bart.)  Dorothy  died 
unmarried;  Catharine,  wife  to  Sir  Anthony  Irby,  of  Boston,  in 
com.  Line.  Knt.  ancestor  10  the  present  Lord  Boston)  and  Anne, 
first  wedded  to  Sir  Simon  Harcourt,  of  Stanton  Harcoort,  in  com. 
Of  on,  Knt.  ancestor  to  the  present  Earl  Harotmrt)  and  afier- 
wards  to  Sir  William  Waller,  Knt.  the  famous  Genaeral  of  the 
parliament's  forces.  The  said  WUliam  Lord  Paget  departing  this 
life*  on  August  29th,  j6?9»  was  buried  at  Drayton,  and  was  sue.- 
ceeded  by  William,  hb  son  and  heir,  as  the  inquisition  shews, 
taken  after  his  decease,  at  Burtpn  upon  Trent,  in  cow.  »aflP.  on 
August  iSth,  in  5  Car.  1. 

William,  fifth  Lord  Paoiv,  was  >  nineteen  years  of  «ge 

■  CMBden,  p.  5z6»  «  Ibid.  p.  5i«.  ^  ^^^'  P-  i9V 

s  MS.  Cole*a  eic.  Ub.  i.  p.  319,  ia  BibL  Had, 

•  Wd, 


18S  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

on  September  13tb^  preceding  the  death  of  bu  father^  and. was 
made  Knight  of  the  Bath  at  the  coronation  of  Charles  I.  He  wa» 
one  of  the  Lords,  who,  after  the  expedition  against  the  Scots,^ 
signed  a  petition  to  the  King  (dated  August  18th,  l640,  and  de- 
livered at  York),  wherein  they  set  forth  their  zeal  to  the  King 
and  Kingdom,  and  offered  to  his  Majesty's  wisdom,  several  griev- 
ances of  the  subject,  the  dangers  thereby  to  the  church  and  state, 
and  to  bis  own  person,  and  the  means  to  prevent  them.  '  For 
remedy,  they  humbly  beseech  his  Majesty  to  summon  a  parlia- 
ment, whereby  the  causes  of  these  grievances  may  be  taken  away, 
and  the  authors  and  counsellors  of  them  punished.  That  the 
present  war  may  be  composed  without  blood,  to  the  honour  and 
fafety  of  the  King,  the  comfort  of  the  people^  Qqd  the  uniting  of 
both  realms.' 

In  1642,  he  was  ^  appointed,  by  the  parliament,  Lord  Liente^ 
nant  of  the  connty  of  Buckingham.  But  soon  after,  as  the  Earl 
of  Qlarendon  writes,*^  '  being  convinced  in  his  conscience,  fled 
from  them,  and  besought  the  King's  pardon.  And  for  the  better 
manifesting  the  tenderness  of  his  compunction,  and  the  horror  he 
had  of  his  former  guilt,  be  frankly  discovered  whatsoever  he  had 
known  of  their  counsels;  and  aggravated  all  the  ill  tbey  had  done,. 
with  declaring  it  to  be  done  to  worse  and  more  horrid  ends,  than 
many  good  men  believed  to  be  possible  for  them  to  propose  to 
themselves.*  And  at  the  t>attle  of  Edgehill,  on  October  23d, 
1642,  the  ^regiftaent  raised  by  him,  for  the  King,  did  great  ser* 
vice.  He  was  'one  of  the  Lords,  who,  at  Oxford,  on  January 
27th,  1643-4,  signed  a  declaration,  by  the  King's  command,  of 
the  most  probable  means  to  settle  the  peace  of  the  kingdom.  He 
departing  this  life  on  October  19th,  lQ78>  at  his  bouse  in  the  Old 
Palace-yard,  Westminster,  was  buried  at  Drayton. 

He  married  the  Lady  Frances  Rich,  eldest  daughter  to  Henry 
Earl  of  Holland,  who  was  beheaded  by  the  rebels}  and  by  her, 
who  was  buried  November  12th,  l672>  at  West  Drayton,  bad 
three  sons,  and  seven  daughters. 

1.  William,  sixth  Lord  Paget. 

2.  Henry,  married  a  daughter  of Sandford,  of  Sandford, 

in  com.  Salop,  Esq.  and  settling  in  Ireland^  had  issue  a  daughter, 
Dorothy,  married  to  Sir  Edward  Irby,  Bart,  and  Thomas  Paget, 

b  Whitlock'8  Mem.  p.  3^.  c  AM.  p.  $6. 

d  In  Hist,  of  the  Rebel.  8to.  Vol.  I.  part  2.  p.  6$%, 

«  Saunderson*s  Life  of  King  Charleii  p.  584. 
f  Rqihworth's  Hist,  ColUct,  p.  3.  Vo).  I|.  p,  $66, 


BAbt  OF  t7XSltIt>G£.  I89 

j.  one  of  the  Grooms  of  the  Bed-chamber  to  hb  late  Majesty, 
and  Brigadier-general  of  his  Majesty's  Ibrces,  and  Colonel  of  a 
legiment  of  foot,  whose  Lady  died  on  February  l^th,  1740*1 1 
their  issae  was  a  daughter,  Caroline,  married  in  April,  1737,  to 
Sir  Nicholas  fiayley,  of  Placeny  wyd,  Bart,  by  whom  she  was  mo* 
ther  to  the  present  £arl  of  Uibridge.  ^ 

3.  Thomas  died  unmarried. 

The  seven  daughters  were,  Isabella,  who  died  unmanied ; 
Lettiop,  wedded  to  Richard  Hampden,  of  Great-Hampden,  in 
com*  Bucks,  Esq.;  Elizabeth,  who  died  unmarried;  Fiances, 
espoused  to  Rowland  Hunt,  of  Boreatton,  in  com.  Salop,  Esq.; 
Penelope,  to  Philip  Foley,  of  Prestwood,  in  com.  Stafibrd,  Esq.; 
Diana,  to  Sir  Henry  Asbhurst,  of  Waterstock,  in  com.  Oxon,  Bart. 
She  died  in  September  17Q7>  sod  was  buried  at  Woodstock;  and 
Acne,  youngest  daughter,  died  unmarried. 

William,  sixth  Lobd  Pagbt,  his  eldest  son  and  heir,  took 
his  Sflcat  in  the  house  of  Peers,  on  November  25th,  1678.  He 
was  one  of  the  Lords,  who,  in  168 1,^  signed  that  petition  to  the 
King,  wherein  they  represented,  '  That  his  Majesty,  on  the  21st 
of  April,  1679,  having  called  to  his  council  many  honourable  per* 
sons^  and  declared  his  being  sensible  of  the  evil  effects  of  a  single 
ministry,  &c.  he  would  for  the  future  refer  all  things  tp  his  coun* 
cil  and  the  parliament,  whereby  they  hoped  to  see  an  end  of 
their  miseries^  but  to  their  unspeakable  grief,  found  their  expec^ 
tations  frustrated,  the  parliament  then  subsisting  being  dissolved 
before  it  could  perfect  what  was  intended  for  their  relief  and 
security.  And  that  hearing  his  Majesty,  by  the  private  suggest 
tions  of  sonde  wicked  persons,  &c.  (without  the  advice  of  the 
Privy«council)i  had  been  prevailed  on  to  call  a  parliament  to 
meet  at  Oxford,  where  neither  Lords  nor  Commons  can  be  in 
safety,  &c.  they,  out  of  a  just  abhorrence  of  such  dangerous  and 
pemi|uous  tx)uiiael  (which  the  authors  have  not  dared  to  avow), 
and  the  apprehension  of  the  calamities  that  may  ensue,  make  it 
their  most  humble  prayer  and  advice,  that  the  parliament  may 
not  sit  at  Oxford,  where  it  cannot  be  able  to  act  with  that  free- 
dom which  is  necessary,  &c.'  The  King  frowned  on  the  deliverers 
of  this  petition,  and  persisted  in  his  resolution  of  holding  the  par« 
liament  at  Oxford. 

He  was  one  of  the  Peers,  who  *  appeared  at  the  trial  of  the  seven 

S  Joarn.  dom.  procer*  *»  Hist  of  Eog.  Vol.  III.  p.  384. 

\  Ibid,  p*  513. 


igO  I^feERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

Bishops>  on  June  29thj  1688$  which  had  an  effect  in  ibeir  ^vour, 
both  on  the  Judges  and  the  Jury.  On  the  landing  of  the  Prince 
of  Orange^  he  was  one  of  the  Peers  who  ^petitioned  the  King, 
*  That  in  the  deep  sense  of  the  miseries  of  a  war  hi  the  bowels 
of  the  kingdom,  they  thought  themselves  bonnd  in  conscienoe^ 
humbly  to  offer  to  his  Majesty,  that,  in  their  opinbns,  the  only 
visible  way  to  preserve  his  Majesty  and  the  kingdom,  would  be 
the  calling  of  a  free  parliament,  wherein  they  should  be  most 
ready  to  promote  such  counsels  and  resolutions  of  peace  and  set* 
tlement  in  chufch  and  state,  as  might  conduce  to  his  Majesty *s 
honour  and  safety,  and  to  the  quieting  the  minds  of  his  people/ 
He  afterwards  voted  for  the  vacancy  of  the  throne,  and  settling 
the  crown  on  the  Prince  and  Princess  of  Orange.  Wherenpoui 
on  their  accession,  he  was.  In  March  i66S^f  constituted  Lord 
Lieatenant  and  Custos  Rotnloruro  of  the  county  of  Stafford,  and 
appointed  Envoy-extraordinary  to  the  Emperor.  He  remained 
At  the  court  of  Vienna  till  February,  iGgi'-Qi  when,  being  ap* 
pointed  Arobassador^xtraordinary  to  the  Grand  Signior,  he  tnn 
veiled  throagh  Hungary  and  the  Turkish  territories  to  Constad- 
tinople. 

'  O^  February  28th,  O^S.  he  had  an  audience  of  the  Grand  YU 
zier ;  and  of  the  Grand  Signior,  on  March  8th  following,  idgi-Si 
who  honourably  received  him.  And  the  Vizier  being  deposedi 
he  had  audience  of  the  new  Vizier,  on  March  25th,  16^,  when 
the  proposition  he  made  relating  to  peace  was  well  received^  and 
a  speedy  answer  promised.  His  Lordship  was  held  in  great 
esteem  during  his  residence  at  the  court  of  Constantinople,  and 
by  his  prudent  negociations,  at  length  concluded  a  peace  between 
the  Emperor  and  the  Grand  Signior.  About  the  middle  of  August 
l6gi8,  he  arrived  in  the  Turkish  camp  near  Belgrade,  and  having 
prevailed  for  a  neutrality  to  be  observed  about  the  place  for  treat* 
ing  of  peace,  he  left  the  Turkish  camp  on  October  19th,  for  Car- 
lowitz,  which  was  appointed  for  the  treaty.  On  January  26th, 
1^9B-9,  the  peace  between  the  Imperialisu,  the  Poles,  and  the 
Torks^  was  signed  1  and  soon  after,  the  peace  between  Muscovy , 
the  state  ai  Venice,  and  the  Turks;  whereby  all  Europe  was  in 
tranquilli^.  His  Lordship's  great  abilities  shined  through  the 
whole  negociation ;  and  he  spared  no  cost  in  the  entertainment 
of  the  several  mediators,  or  omitted  any  thing  that  might  tend  to 
the  honour  of  bis  King  or  country.  The  Grand  Siguier  expressed 

k  H:sr.  of  Eng.  Vol.  III.  p.  529. 


£ARt  OP  tiXBRIDGE.  Igi 

H  great  Tenetratioa  and  esteem  for  bis  Majestj  of  Great  Britain, 
a&d  assured  his  Lordship,  he  should  ever  retain  a  grateful  memorjr 
of  the  good  offices  of  his  niediatioo^  presenting  him  with  a  veij 
rich  vest,  and  a  fine  Turkish  horse,  with  costly  furniture. 

His  Lordship  left  the  Grand  Signior*8  court,  at  Adrianople,  in 
May,  1702;  and  reaching  Vienna  in  July,  staid  there  till  tj wards 
the  end  of' November,  to  adjust  matters  relating  to  a  dispute  be- 
tween the  Emperor  and  the  Grand  Signior,  about  the  limits  of 
their  respective  territories  in  the  province  of  Bosnia.  Having  now 
folly  settled  that  affair,  his  Excellency  had  audience  of  leave  of 
the  Emperor  and  Empress,  and  arrived  at  London  in  April,  1703. 
He  was  on  June  34th.  1702,  appointed  Lord  Lieutenant  of  the 
county  of  Sta£Ford5  and  dying  in  an  advanced  age,  at  his  house 
in  Bloomsbury-square,  on  February  26th,  1712-13,  was  buried  in 
the  church  of  St.  Giles  in  the  Fields,  Middlesex.  He  married 
Frances,  daughter  of  the  honourable  Francis  Piarpoint,  Esq.  a 
younger  son  of  Robert  Earl  of  Kingston,  by  whom  he  had  issue, 
William,  who  died  vit&  patris,  unmarried ;  and  Henry,  who  was 
created  Earl  of  Uxbridge.  Her  Ladyship  died  on  September  2d, 
1749,  aged  near  100.    Which 

Henry,  fibst  Earl  op  Uxbridob,  was  elected  (in  his  father's 
lifetime),  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  shire  for  the  county  of  Staf« 
ford,  in  the  7th,  10th,  12th,  and  13th  years  of  King  William  | 
likewise  io  the  several  parliaments  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne, 
whilst  a  commoner.    In  1702,  when  George  Prince  of  Denmark 
was  constituted  Lord  High  Admiral  of  England,  he  was  appointed 
one  of  his  Council  in  the  afiairs  of  the  Admiralty  ^  and  on  June 
13th,  171 1>  was  declared  Captain  of  the  Yeomen  of  the  Guard; 
and  the  next  day,  sworn  of  her  Majesty's  Privy-oooncil.    In  the 
same  year^  on  December  31st  (bis  father  then  living),  he  was 
created  a  Peer  of  Great  Britain,  by  the  style  and  title*  of  Lord 
BuRTOH,  Baron  of  Burton,  in  the  county  of  Stafford*    And  suc- 
<seeding  his  &ther  in  honour  and  estate,  was  constituted  Lord 
iMitenaot  and  Gustos  Roiulorum  of  the  county  of  Stafford.    On 
April  17th,  1714,  he  was  appointed  Envoy-extraordinary  to  the 
Elector  of  Hanover  (afterwards  King  George  I.),   and  to  the 
Princess  Sophia,  Electress  and  Duchess  Dowager  of  Hanover. 
And  on  the  accession  of  that  Prince  to  the  British  throne,  he  was 
<»ntinued  Captain  of  the  Yeomen  of  the  (ioard,  and  Lord  Lieu* 
tenant  of  the  county  of  Stafford.    Also,  on  October  19th,  the 
same  year,  created  Earl  o^  Uxbridge,  in  tJu  county  of  Middle^ 
sex*    And  in  September,  If  15,  resigned  his  employments.    His 


iga,  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Lordship  married  Mary,  eldest  daughter  and  ooheic  to  Thomal 
Catesby,  of  Whistoo,  in  the  couaty  of  Northampton,  Esq.  by 
whom  he  had  issue, 
Thomas-Catesby*  his  only  son. 

But  his  Lady  dying  suddenly  at  Isleworth»  in  February  1735-6, 
he  married,  secondly,  anno  1739,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  Wal- 
ter Bagot,  of  Blithfiekl,  Bart,  but  had  no  issue  by  her.  Hb  Lord* 
ship  deceased  in  August,  1743. 

Thom[4S-CaT£sby,  Lord  Paget,  was  one  of  ihe  Gentlemen  of 
the  Bed-chamber  to  his  late  Majesty,  when  Prince  of  Wales; 
and  on  his  accession  to  the  throne,  was,  on  July  4th,  1727,  too* 
tinned  in  the  same  post.  He  was  elected  to  parliament  for  the 
county  of  Stafford,  in  the  two  parliaments  called  hf  George  h 
He  was  a  very  ingenious  *  man$  and  author  of  a  volume  of  Miscel- 
lanies in  pr^se  and  verse,  said  to  have  been  composed  for  the  noble 
author's  own  amusement  in  the  country,  during  the  Intervals  of 
bad  weather  in  hunting  seasons/*"* 

His  Lordship  married,  on  May  3d,  171S,  the  Lady  Elizabeth, 
sister  to  Scroop,  Duke  of  Bridgewater,  by  whom  he  had  issue  two 
sons, 

Henry,  successor  to  his  grandfather,  and  late  Earl  of  Uxbridge. 
And 

Gooige,  who  died  at  Colchester,  in  the  seventeenth  year  of  his 
age,  in  April,  1737,  and  was  buried  at  Drayton. 

And  his  Lordship  died  at  Drayton,  near  jJxbridge,  in  January, 
1^41-2,  in  his  father's  lifetime. 

Hemat,  EiGHtH  Peer  and  second  Eael  of  Uebriook,  was 
born  in  I7ld,  succeeded  his  grandfather  in  his  titles  and  estate,  in 
August,  1743,  and  died  unmarried,  November  l6th,  1769,  when 
the  Earldom  became  extincc,  but  the  title  of  Baron  Paget,  of 
Beaudesert,  devolved  upon 

Henry  Bjlylby-Paget,  ninth  Lord  Paget,  borxl  January 
18th,  17^>  eldest  son  of  Sir  Nicholas  Bayley,<*  of  PlacenWyd,  in 
the  county  of  Anglesey,  Baronet  of  Ireland,  by  Caroline,  daugh* 
ter  of  Brigadier-general  Thomas  Ps^t,  grandson  of  WUliam  fifth 
Lord  Paget. 
His  Lordship  was  created  Earl  of  Uxbridge,  May  Ipthj  1784. 

t  Pope,  on  the  first  piibUcatM&  of  the  £$aMj  om  Man^  did  net  Qvn  it ;  and  it 
was  giveii,  atnong  otheni  to  Lord  Pager. 

«  Park's  R.  and  N.  A.  IV.  177. 

^  Sir  Nicholas  BayleV)  Bart,  died  at  his  houi':  in  Bonct  Street,  9th  Deeeoiber, 
08a. 


EARL  OP  UXBRID6E.  193 

But  before  we  speak  farther  of  bis  Lordship,  it  will  be  proper 
to  give  his  paternal  descent. 

Bailey,  or  Baylj^"  seenas  to  be  an  official  name,  derivable  only 
from  the  three  Baileries  of  Scotland;  viz.  Carrie t,  Kyle,  and 
Cuningham;  which,  with  the  county  of  Galloway,  or  Galwallia, 
at  the  time  of  the  Roman  invasion  of  our  island,  were  inhabited 
by  those  whom  the  Romans  called  Novantes,  from  their  having 
expeHed  the  first  British  possessors  into  Ireland,  and  seating  thtia- 
selves  in  their  country ^  by  others,  they  had  the  appellation  of 
Galwallians,  Gauls,  or  Welch  3  but  among  themselves  they  never 
would  acknowledge  any  other  name  than  that  of  Cumbrie,  being 
a  Venedotian  colony  of  the  Venta  Siluriura,  which  made  its  way 
along  Stratchvyd  thither,  and  foubded  the  Northumbrian,  or 
Northcumbrian  kingdom;  deriving  their  origin  from  the  Vale, 
or  Commot  Grduls,  of  Gallia  Commotta,  in  France,  and  who  were 
the  first  possessors  and  cultivators  of  Wales,  and  the  inkind  parts 
of  France  and  Britain,  and  made  the  fint  migrations  along  the 
Locgrian  Watling  Street,  into  Cambria,  and  thence  into  Scotlaad; 
and  the  nariles  of  places  in  this  part  of  Scotland  seem  to  tie  pure 
Welch  and  Irish,  having  since  those  names  were  impressed,  snf* 
fered  some  corrupt  deviations  from  the  original  British  language^ 

The  Baileys,  or  Baylys,  derive  their  origin  from  their  being 
Bailtfs,  or  Earls  of  these  districts  firom  the  earliest  ages,  and  the 
Bailies  of  Lamington,  in  Lanerick,*  became  seated  there  by  mar- 
nage  with  the  daughter  of  Sir  William,  Wallace,  owner  of  La* 
xnington  Castle,  and  Regent  of  Scotland  in  1297. 

Lewis  Bailie,  otherwise  Bayly,  a  descendant  of  this  andent  fk« 
mily,  came  into  England  in  1602,  with  King  James  I.  He  was 
Chaplain  to  Heniy  Frederick,  Prince  of  Wales,  and  fteceptor  tp 
Charles  Prince  of  Wales,  afterwards  King  Charles  I.  was  elected 
Bishop  of  Bangor,  August  26th,  16 16,  confirmed,  December  7th 
following,  and  consecrated  the  next  day.  He  married  Ann^ 
daughter  of  Sir  Henry  Bagenal,  of  Newiy  Castle,  in  Ireland, 
Knight,  who  had  very  considerable  estates,  both  in  England  and 
Ireland,  which  are  now  possessed  by  Lord  Uxbridge,  as  heir  to  tbo 
Bagenals;  it  may  not  therefore  be  improper  to  give  a  short  ac« 
count  of  f hat  family. 

Sir  Nicholas  Bagenal,  Knight,  who  was  marshal  of  her  Majesty 
Queen  Elizabeth's  armies  in  Ireland,  was  seised  of  divene  castles. . 

*  Ffom  a  MS.  account  of  this  familj  in  the  potacation  of  Lord  Uxbridse* 
yoL.  T.  o 


IQ4  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

iDaiion>  lands,  and  hereditaments  in  the  comatj  of  Aog^eBejr,  in 
1  and  2  of  Philip  and  Mary  (as  appears  by  an  ancient  sonre^ 
tbeieof,  now  in  the  possession  of  Lord  Uxhridge,  his  desoeodaDt). 
The  said  Sir  Nicholas  Bagenal  married  EUen,  eldest  daughter 
and  coheir  of  Edward  Gri&th,  of  Penrhyn^  in  the  county  of  Caer* 
oarvon,  Esq.  by  whom  he  had  issue  six  sons  and  eight  daughters; 
viz.  Edward^  Jane  (who  both  died  young) $  Henry,  Dudley,  Am- 
brose,  Frances,  Mary,  Ralph,  Jane,  Isabel,  Margaret,  £dward> 
Anne,  and  Ursula.    The  said  Lady  Ellen  Bageaal  died  in  Irdand 
the  9th  at  February,  \679$  and  was  buried  in  the  church  of 
Newry^  the  21st  of  the  same  month;  and  Sir  Nicholas  her  hiis- 
Vand,  dying  in  J  575,  his  estates  descended  to  his  eldest  surviv« 
iog  son,  the  abpve mentioned  Sir  Henry  Bagenal,  Knight,  who 
was  bom  at  Carlingfbrd,  in  Ireland,  August  3d,  1556  i  he  was 
flso  nuirshal  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  armies  in  Ireland  many  yeazs> 
and  for  his  eminent  services  had  grants  from  the  crown  of  many 
^tensive  manors,  lordships,  royalties,  castles^  advowsons,  £rc.  \m 
fhat  kingdom;  he  married  Eleanor,  third  daughter  of  Sir  Johii 
Savage,  of  Rock  Savage,  Knight,  by  whom  he  ha<f  Arthur,  his 
ddest  son;  Griffith,  second  son;  and  Iphn,  third  son;  also,  one 
^ughter,  Ann,  who  married  Lewis  Bailie,  Bishop  of  Bangor,  as 
^bove-mentioned.  The  said  Sir  Henry  Bagenal  was  slain  at  Black 
Waller,  in  Ireland,  August  14ih,  1598,  in  an  attack  npon  that 
fort  or  pass;  and  his  widow  afterwards  married  Sackville  Trevor, 
Esq.  son  of  Sir  John  Trevor,  of  Trevallyn,  Knight;  and  in  1609, 
settled  out  of  her  estate,  and  gave  to  the  said  Ann,  the  sum  of 
1000  marks,  and  the  said  Sir  John  Trevor  secured  to  her  the  fur- 
tiier  sum  of  1000  marks,  towards  her  preferment  in  marriage,  to 
be  paid  within  one  month  next  after  the  said  Ann  shoiild  acookn- 
plish  the  age  of  fourteen  yean,  as  appears  by  an  original  deed, 
now  in  the  possession  of  Lord  Uxbridge,  bearing  date  the  ^tfa 
July,  in  the  first  year  of  the  resgn  of  King  James  I. 

Arthur  Bagenal,  the  eldest  son,  succeeded  to  his  father's  estates, 
and  also  obtained  a  very  great  and  extensive  grant  from  King 
James  I.  which  was  renewed  by  King  Charles  L  of  divers  castles^ 
snanors,  royalties,  franchises,  advowsons,  and  (inter  alia)  of  the 
advowson  of  the  rectory  of  Kilkeel,  in  the  county  of  Down,  worth 
10001.  per  annum;  also  of  lordships,  and  cf  a  great  estate  of 
lands  and  hereditaments  in  the  several  counties  of  Lonth,  Dowa, 
and  Ardmagh,  in  the  kingdom  of  Ireland.  He  married,  in  l602, 
Magdalen^  daughter  of  Sir  Bicbs^rd  Tmrpr^  of  Twal^  in  th« 


EARL  OF  UXBRIDGE. 


195 


eoQDty  of  Denbigh,  Knight,  by  whom  he  bad  issue  his  only  soo^ 
Nicholas  5  and  on  the  death  of  the  said  Arthur,  which  happened 
in  1643,  the  same  descended  to  his  said  son,  Nicholas  Bagenal, 
Esq.  who  first  married  Sidney,  daughter  of  Roger  Grosvenor,  of 
Eaton,  in  the  county  of  Chester,  Esq.  and  after  her  death,  he 
married  Lady  Ann  Charlotte  Bruce,  daughter  of  Robert,  first  Earl 
of  Ailesbnry  and  Elgin  $  but  dying  without  issue  in  1]^12,  aii  hit 
estates  in  Great  Britain  and  Ireland  descended  to  Edward  Ba^ey, 
his  heir  at  law,  as  descended  from  Ann,  daughter  of  Sir  Henry 
Bagenal,  wife  of  Lewis  Bailie,  Bishop  of  Bangor,  who  was 
grandmother  to  the  said  Edward,  afterwards  Sir  Edward  Bayly, 
Baronet. 

Lewis  Bailie,  Bishop  of  Bangor,  died  October  26th,  1631,  leav- 
ing two  sons,  Nicholas  and  John,  and  was  buried  on  the  south 
side  of  the  communion  rails  in  his  own  cathedral;  it  does  not  ap- 
pear that  any  monument  was  erected  for  him  5  but  his  statue  is 
in  the  cathedral  of  Bangor,  which  the  Cromwellians  defaced,  and 
also  burnt  some  valuable  manuscripts  of  his,  which  were  in  the 
library  there. 

Nicholas  Balie,  or  Ba/ly,  the  eldest  son,  was,  for  his  activity 
in  his  Majesty  King  Charles  Ts  cause,  end  for  having  been  con- 
cerned in  Col.  Penruddock's  scheme,  pursued  by  Oliver  Cromwell 
ibto  Wales;  but,  disguising  himself  in  the  form  of  a  servant,  nar- 
rowly escaped  being  taken  by  a  party  of  horse,  who  had  sur- 
rounded his  house;  Cromwell  dedaring,  that,  though  he  fled  to 
the  mountains,  he  would  make  him  as  low  as  the  grass  e  he  waa 
governor  of  Galway,  and  of  the  isles  of  Arran,  in  Ireland,  aild 
faftd  a  commission  from  King  Charles  I.  to  raise  a  regiment,  and 
igras  aflerwards  one  of  the  gentlemen  of  the  bed-chamber  to  Kiilg 
Charles  II.  He  was  the  person  who  first  carried  over  to  King 
Charles  II.  at  Brussels  (where  he  then  redded),  the'intdligeifoe^ 
that  general  Monk  had  marched  a  second  time  with  his  whcrie 
army  into  the  city  of  London,  to  apologise  fot  the  insults  which 
two  days  before  he  had  been  obliged  to  o^r,  by  palling  down 
the  posts  and  chains  in  the  streets,  and  demcdishing  the  gates  and 
portcullises  of  the  city,  as  wdl  as  seising  some  of  the  principal 
Citizens,  whidi  he  had  done  by  order  of  Parliament;  bot  that  he 
tfien  begged  a  strict  tinion  might  be  effected  l)etween  the  city 
and  army,  and  that  they  might  aid  and  assist  each  other  in  tyety 
attempt  for  the  settlement  of  the  nation}  he  also  carried  with 
Urn  a  copy  cf  the  letter  whicli  Monk  bad  aoit  to  the  Parliament 


igS  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

complaining  of  the  above-mentioned  odious  task  they  had  im- 
posed upon  him^  and  demandiiig^  in  tlie  name  of  the  citizens^ 
soldiers,  and  community  at  large,  the  summoning  of  a  n^w  Par* 
liament,  &c.  He  was  introduced  to  the  King  by  the  Marquis  of 
Onhond,  and  found  him,  and  his  small  court,  in  the  greatest 
Consternation  and  dejection  of  mind;  but  this  news  gave  him  a 
dawning  of  hope,  and  he  was  much  refreshed  with  this  unex- 
pected alteration,  and  his  dispirited  family  and  servants  were  re- 
vived by  it.  Lord  Clarendon^  observes;  "  The  time  was  so 
short,  from  the  hour  that  he  left  London,  that  the  expedition  of 
his  journey  was  incredible,  nor  could  any  man  undertake  to  come 
from  tbehce  in  so  short  a  time  upon  the  roost  important  affair, 
and  for  the  greatest  reward  j  and  that  nothing  but  his  own  devo- 
tion to  the  King  could  tempt  him  to  undertake  so  hazardous  a 
journey.**  But  the  credentials  which  he  brought  with  him  re-! 
Inoyed  all  doubt. 

He  married  Ann,  daughter  and  heir  of  Hall,  Esq.  and 

had  issue  an  only  son,  Edward,  and  a  daughter,  Ann,  married  to 
John  Murray,  Esq.  a  Major  in  the  army,  by  whom  she  was  mo- 
ther to  a  sou,  John  Murray,  Lieutenant-governor  of  Portsmouth; 
and  two  daughters,  Dorothy,  and  Anna  Maria,  who  tqarried 
Thomas  Pitt,  of  Old  Saruro,  Esq. 

Edward  Balie,  or  Bayly,  the  only  son,  was  created  a  Barpnet 
(Df  the  kingdom  of  Ireland  by  letters  patent,  dated  July  4th,  1 730, 
He  married  Dorothy,  one  of  the  daughters  of  Oliver  Lambertj, 
Esq.  son  of  Charles  Earl  of  Cavan,  and  sister  and  l^eir  of  Ax\r 
thony  Lambert,  by  whom  he  had  five  sons  and  three  daughters,; 
viz.  1.  Nicholas,  his  heir.  2.  Edward,  D.D.  and  Dean  of  Ard- 
fert.  Chancellor  of  the  cathedral  church  of  St.  Patrick,  Dublin; 
and  Rector  of  Kilked,  in  the  county  of  Down,  who  married, 
Janiiary  l3th^  1738,  Catherinej  daughter  of  Nicholas  Price,  of 
HoUy-Moant,  in  the  county  of  Downe,  in  Ireland,  Esq.  widow 
of  John  Savage,  of  Pprto-ferry,  Esq.  by  whom  he  had  one  son^ 
John,  who  died  young;  and  a  daughter,  Dorothy,  married  to 
Thomas  Butler,  eldest  son  of  Sir  Richard  Butler,  of  Gary  Hun- 
don,  in  the  county  of  Carlpw,  Bart.  3.  Bageaal,  who  died  young, 
and  is  buried  in  Dublin.  4.  Lanabcrt,  a  Barrister  at  law,  of  the 
city  of  Dublin,  who  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  John  Rotton, 
f f  the  laid  dty,  Esq.  and  by  her,  who  long  lived  his  widow,  hac} 

f  Vid«  Hlitorjr  of  the  RebeUlofl»  p.  $$},  ct  se^j^ 


EARL  OF  UXBRIDGE.  taff 

two  sdns^  Edward  and  Joha,  both  dergymeo.  5*  Charles,  in  the 
Marine  service,  and  married  to  Ann,  daughter  of  Graves^ 

or  6reave8>  of  Moseley  Hall,  Worcestershire,  Esq.  The  daogh* 
ters  were,  Dorothy,  who  married  Robert  Daviesj  of  Liannezchioi 
in  Deilbighshire,  Esq.  $  Arabella,  who  died  unmarried,  and  was 
buried  at  St.  Peter's,  in  Dublin  5  and  Ailna*Lucinda,  unmarried. 

The  said  Sir  Edward  died  in  September,  1741,  and  was  buried 
at  Delgeny,  in  the  oo«nty  of  Wictdow,  in  Ireland ;  as  was  his 
lady,  who  survived  till  August  l6th,  \7A$,  On  Sir  Edward*^ 
death,  his  title  and  estates  descended  to  his  eldest  son. 

Sir  Nicholas  Batly,  Bart«  who  was  chosen  to  several  par- 
liaments, as  Knight  of  the  shire  for  the  county  of  Anglesey.  He 
was  also,  on  the  23d  day  of  June,  in  the  33d  year  of  the  reign  of 
his  late  Majesty  King  George  II.  appointed  his  Majesty^s  Gustos 
Rotulorum  of  the  said  county }  and  on  the  24th  of  June,  in  the 
first  year  of  his  present  Majesty  King  George  III.  was  again  ap- 
pointed to  that  office^  also,  on  the  25th  of  November,  in  the 
seoood  year  of  his  present  Majesty,  was  appointed  his  M^estyV 
Lieutenant  of  the  said  jcounty,  in  the  room  of  George;  Earl  of 
Cholmondeley. 

He  first  married;  on  April  IQtb,  1737^  Carolina,  daughter  and 
sole  heir  of  Thomas  Paget,  Esq.  one  of  the  Grooms  of  the  Bed- 
chamber to  his  Majesty  Kiog  George  I.  and  Brigadier-General  of 
his  Majesty's  forces  (by  Mary,  his  wife^  daughter  and  co-heir  of 
Peter  Whitcomb,  of  Great  Braxtead,  in  Essex^  Esq.)^  son  of  th« 
honourable  Henry  Paget;  by  Maiy,  his  wife*  daughter  of 
Sandford,  of  Sandford,  in  Shropshire^  Esq.  second  son  of  Wil- 
liam, Jifth  Lord  Paget,  by  Frances  his  wife,  eldest  daughter  of 
Henry,  Earl  of  Holland:  by  which  lady,  who  died  February  7^i 
1766,  and  was  buried  in  the  vault  of  her  husband's  family;  in  the 
parish  church  of  Llanldwen,  in  the  county  of  Anglesey,  he  had- 
six  sons  and  five  daughters  3  viz. 

1.  Edward,  who  died  unmarried  in  17^69  ^^  was  buried  at 
Portsmouth. 

2.  Henry,  now  Earl  of  Uxbridge. 

3.  Nicholas,  bom  at  Plas-Newyth,  in  Anglesey,  1 749)  formerly 

a  Captain  in  the  first  r^ment  of  Foot-gtiards,  and  now  Colonel 
of  the  West  Middlesex  Militia.    He  has  issue. 

4.  Thomas.    And,  5.  Brownlow,  died  infanta* 

6.  Paget,  bom  at  Plas-Newyth,  1753,  formerly  a  lienttaant  U 


1£|S  PEERAGE  C^  ENGLAND. 

the  Royal  Navy;  died  November  15th,  1804,  leaving  iasoe  bf 
Miss  CJolepcpper. 

'  The  daughters  werej  1.  Mary,  married  July  3d,  1766,  to  Ste* 
phen  Metcalfe,  of  Sereby,  near  Brig,  in  corn.  Line,  Esq.  died 
October  20th,  1 79O.  2.  Dorothy,  married,  i;6o,  to  George  Forbes, 
Earl  of  Granard,  but  died  at  Koightsbridge,  Februaiy  igth, 
1^54,  and  was  buried  at  St.  James's,  Westminster.  3.  Caro«  . 
line  died  unmarried,  1786.  4.  Gertrude^  who  died  at  Bristol,  in 
1761,  unmarried.  And,  5.  Louisa^Augusta,  bom  December  4th, 
1750,  married,  April  6tb,  ]789>  Captain  Thomas  Poplett,  R.N. 

Sir  Nicholas  died  December  9th,  17B2,  aged  seventy-five  years,' 
leaving  his  second  wife  — —  daughter  of  HunteTf 

surviving. 

Henry  Bayly-Pagbt,  Eabl  of  Uzbrtdgb,  was  born  June 
18th,  1744,  and  baptised  the  l6th  of  the  next  month,  in  the  pa- 
rish of  St.  George,  Hanover  Square :  he  succeeded  to  the  B  akoky 
OF  Paget  (by  the  death  of  Henry  Piaget,  second  Earl  of  Uxbridge, 
and  Baron  Paget,  of  Beaudesert,  who  died  unmarried,  November 
17th,  1769),  in  right  of  his  mother,  as  heir  general  to  Sur  William 
Paget,  Knight  of  the  Garter,  who  was  summoned  to  parliament 
by  writ,  December  3d,  4  Edward  VI.  1549,  a*  Baron  Paget  qf 
Btaudesert,  in  the  eounty  of  Stafford;  and  was  accordingly  sum* 
moned  to  Parliament)  by  writ^  dated  January  13th,  1770,  and 
assumed  the  name  and  arms  of  Paget,  in  virtue  of  bis  Majesty's 
9rgtx  manual,  dated  the  2gth  of  the  same  month.  On  July  3d^ 
1773,  bis  Lordfblp  was,  in  a  full  convocation  of  the  university 
of  Oxford,  created  LL.D.  and  on  July  20th,  1/82,  was  ap. 
pointed  Lotxl  Lieutenant  and  Gustos  Rotulorom  of  the  coonty^of 
Anglesey. 

On  May  IQih,  17S4,  his  Lordship  was  created  Eaai.  of  Ux* 

BRIDGE. 

His  Lordship  was  married  at  Castle  Forbes,  the  seat  of  the  Earl 
of  Granard,  April  11th,  1767,  to  Jane,  eldest  daughter  of  Arthiir 
Champagnd,  Dean  of  Clonmacnoise,  in  Ireland  (only  son  of 
Major  Josias  Champagne,  by  Jane  hu  wifti»  daughter  of  Arthur 
Forbes,  Earl  of  Granard,  in  Ireland);  which  marriage  was  con- 
firmed by  another,  in  the  parish  of  St.  Anne,  Dublin^  on  the  Ttli 
of  August  following. 

1.  Henry- William^  Lord  P^t,  \»m  Msrch  ifHb,  1768,  a 

P  Goflin*plate. 


tAKL  Ofg  intBBlDOIi.  f^^ 

UeateiuRit-geKieral  ift  the  army.  Mid  coloBel  of  tbo  flU  rtgimmt 
ci  dragoons  $  married,  Joly  2Ath,  1795,  Carduia-Eli2abieth^' 
daughter  of  George,  fburth  Earl  of  Jersey,  atid  has  a  numeiotii 
issue. 

2.  William,  bom  December  22d>  I76g,  who  died  iv  1794. 

3.  Sir  Arthur,  born  January  I5tb,  1771,  a  Knight  of  th6  nsiir* 
tary  order  of  the  fiatb,  and  late  Eniroy-extraordiiiary  to  the  Stib- 
lime  Porte. 

4.  Caroline,  bom  Febraar/  (kh,  1773^$  married,*  April  ^h, 
1792^  John-Thomds>  setiond  son  of  Willidtn-Ann  Holiis,  A>urth 
Earl  of  Essex. 

5.  Jane,  bora  September  Ist,  1774)  married  April  I6th,1797^ 
George,  now  Earl  of  Galloway, 

6.  Edward,  bom  November  3d>  177^^  ^  Major-general  in  the 
army,  and  colonel  of  the  80th  regiment  of  foot ;  married.  May 
21st,  1804,  the  Honourable  Louisa  Bagot,  daughter  of  WilliakU 
first  Lord  Bagot,  who  died  May  30th>  1806. 

7.  Louisa,  bom  March  26th,  1777;  married,  March  5th,  1801, 
to  Colonel  James  Erskine* 

8.  Charles,  bom  October  7th,  1773^  M..P.'  for  Carnarvon, 
Captain  of  the  Revenge  in  the  royal  navy,  married,  March  7th, 
1805,  Elizabeth-Araminta,  second  daughter  of  Henzy  Monck^ 
Esq. 

g.  Berkeley,  bora  January  2d,  1780,  M.P.  for  the  county  of 
Anglesea,  Major  in  the  Jtk  Regiment  of  dragoons;  married.  No- 
Tember  22d,  1804,  Sophia,  daughter  of  the  Hon.  William  Buck- 
nail  Grimston,  and  niece  to  Viscount  Grimston,  and  has  issue  a 
daughter,  bora  in  December  1805. 

10.  Charlotte,  born  October  27th,  IJBii  married,  October 
15th,  1805,  John  Willoughby,  Earl  of  Enniskillen. 

11.  Mary,  bora,  April  gth,  1783  5  married,  June27tb,  1803, 
Thomas  Lord  Graves. 

His  Lordship  is  Lord  Lieutenant  of  the  counties  of  Anglesey 
and  Stafford,  Keeper  of  the  Castle  of  Carnarvon,  Ranger  of  Snow- 
don  Forest,  Vice-Admiral  of  North* Wales,  Pembrdceshire^  and 
county  of  Carmarthen,  L.L.D. 

Titles.  Henry  Bayley«Paget,  Lord  Paget  of  Beaudesert^  In 
Stafibrdshire,  and  Earl  of  Uxbridge. 

Creadon^.  Baran  Pftget,  of  Beaudesert,  in  com.  Stafford,  Ja^ 
nuary  19th,  1550,  4  Edward  VI.;  Sari  of  Uxbridge,  May  igtBj, 
1784. 


aoo  PEERAGE  O?  ENGLAND. 

Arms.  Chttrterty^  first  and  fbortb,  Sable»  on  a  cross  CDgrailed, 
between  4  ea^es  displayed.  Argent^  5  lions  passant  of  tbe  fiiat^ 
im  Paget}  second  and  thirds  Azure  9  Estoiles,  Z,  3,  2,  and  1, 
Argent  for  Bayly. 

Crer/.'  On  a  wreath,  a  demi  tiger.  Sable,  tufted  and  maned, 
Argent>  and  duoQly  gorged.  Or. 

Supporters.  Two  tigers.  Sable,  tufted  and  maned,  Aigentj  and 
dacally  gorged.  Or. 

Motto,    Paa  il  buo  contbabio. 

Chirf  Seats,  At  Sinai  Park,  and  Beaudesert,  both  m  Stafford- 
ihire;  and  Plas-Newyth,  in  the  county  of  Angleiey. 


EARL  OP  NORWICH. 


GORDON  £AKL  OF  NORWICH. 

Thovsh  there  are  maiif  dc^Dt  biitories  of  this  ancient  and 
illustriona  fomily,  vriiUen  by  leamed  and  judicious  aoliquarieg, 
yet  they  differ  greatly  ai  to  their  origin  and  first  MttlemeDt  in 
tbe  idand. 

Some  bring  them  from  Greece  to  Gaol,  and  from  thence  to 
Scotland,  at  least  a  thousand  years  ago;  othen  bring  them  from 
Italy;  others  from  Spain,  Flanders,  &c. 

It  is  certain  there  were  many  considerable  families  of  the  name 
of  Gordon  in  France,  long  before  the  M  ormao  Conquest  of  Eng- 
land, whose  descendants  are  Eubststing  in  France  to  this  day. 

The  most  probable  coDJecture,  thcrefoie,  is,  that  some  of  theaa 
Gordons  came  to  England  with  William  Duke  of  Normandy,  aono 
1066,  and  to  Scotland  with  King  Malcohn  Canmore,  or  his  ton 
King  David  I.  for  it  is  well  knowo  that  the  ancestors  of  several 
of  the  belt  ftmiliea  in  Scotland  are  of  Norman  eitraction,  and 
removed  into  Scotland  with  one  or  Other  of  these  princes. 

It  is  also  said,  that  in  (be  reign  of  King  Malcolm  Caamare,  a 
valiant  Knight,  of  (be  name  of  Gordon,  went  into  Scotland,  and 
was  kindly  received  hy  that  Prince;  and  having  killed  a  wild. 
boar  which  greatly  intested  the  borders,  the  generous  Malcolm 
gave  him  a  grant  of  several  lands  in  the  Mersc,  or  Berwickshire, 
which  he  called  Gordon,  after  his  own  surname.  He  settled  iherCj 
and  took  the  boor's  head  for  his  annorial  bearing,  in  memory  of 
his  having  killed  that  monitroas  animal.  He  was  prt^^itoi  of 
all  the  Gordons  in  Scotland  j  and  mention  is  made  of  Adam  de 
Gordon  the  father,  and  Adam  his  son,  la  the  leigns  of  the  said 
Malcolm  and  David. 

It  is  most  certain,  the  OordoD*  were  making  oo  small  figure  in 


2ra  PEERAGE  Oj^  ISNGLARb. 

Scotland  immediately  after  that  sera;  we  shall,  therefi>rei  dedaoe 
the  descent  of  (his  great  and  diost  noble  family  by  unqneationable 
authority,  from  their  immediate  ancestor, 

Richard  de  Gordon,  said  to  be  grandson  of  the  Knight  who 
killed  the  boar,  or  son  of  the  second  Adam.  He  was  d  roan  of 
considerable  distinction  in  the  reigns  of  King  Malcolm  IV.  and 
King  William  the  Lion,  who  succeeded  Malcolm  in  i  l65. 

He  was  undoubtedly  proprietor  of  the  lands  and  barony  of 
Gordon,  and  others,  in  Berwickshire,  as  is  proved  by  a  donation 
he  made,  *'  To  St.  Mary*s  church  of  Kelso,  and  the  monks  serv- 
ing God  there,  and  to  the  church  of  St.  Michael,  in  bis  village  of 
Gordon  (a  boonded  piece  of  hia  lands  and  estate  of  Gordon,  lying 
contiguous  to  the  church-yard  of  Gordon),  in  free  and  perpetual 
alms;  and  grants  to  whatever  minister  they  shall  place  in  the  said 
church  of  Gordon,  all  the  ordinary  privileges  of  pasturage,  moss, 
nauir,  and  other  conveniences  that  the  inhabitants  of  the  lands  of 
Gordon  enjoyed,  te.*** 

This  deed  is  without  date;  but  by  the  subsequent  confinnatiwi 
appears  to  have  been  made  between  the  years  1 150  and  I  \G0. 

He  died  about  the  year  1200,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son. 

Sir  Thomas  de  Gordon,  ^o,  by  the  name  of  Thomas  de  Gcn*-^ 
don,  fiMus  Ricardi^  &c.  grants  a  charter  of  confirmation  of  ail  the 
donations  made  by  his  father  to  God  and  St.  Mary's  church  at 
Kelso,  and  to  the  monks  serving  God  tliere,  &€.  and  that  in  at 
Ml,  free,  and  ample  a  manner  as  expressed  in  the  deetAs  of  his 
father.^ 

Contenoporary  with  this  Thomas  there  flourished,  in  Francei 
Bertram  de  Gordon,  who  wounded,  with  an  arrow,  ^chard  (Jbe 
First,  King  of  England,  before  the  castle  of  Chalons;  of  which* 
wound  he  died,  ilQQS 

About  this  time  lived  Adam  de  Gordon,  in  Scotland,  as  appears 
by  a  charter  of  confirmation,  in  which  Richard,  Bishop  of  St.  An- 
drews, confirms  to  the  Abbacy  of  Kelso,  in  free  and  peipetnal 
•1ms,  the  church  of  Gordon,  with  the  whde  of  its  parish  {viz.  of 
Gordon  and  Spotiswood),  and  in  whidi  he,  at  the  desire  of  the 
abbot  mkI  monks,  pointed  out  a  church«yard,  or  buriid  p^ace  to 
that  partsb^  but  granting  liberty  to  the  inhabitants  of  the  other 
half  of  the  lands  of  Gordon  belonging  to  Adam  de  Gordon^  to 

*  ClwrtQliry  of  Kelso,  ifi  the  Lawyert'  Libmry^ Edinburgh;  and  pflatetf  hi  the 
Appendix  to  Mr.  Gordon*!  History  of  the  Family  of  Gordae. 

^  Chsrta),  ac.  App.  pr«dkt.  c  Uavcden's  Hist«fy,  p.  79L. 


KARL.  OF  MORWICI^.  sOS 

tske  the.tacrament  and  beuy  dther  there  or  at  their  pleasure  iiv 
their  mother  church  of  Home^  &c.^ 

Richard  was  Bishop  of  St.  Andrews  from  1163  to  1178;  ad 
this  deed  most  have  been  made  within  that  spacb; 

If  this  Adam  was  not  a  younger  brother^  or  son  of  Richard^  he 
was  certainly  a  near  relation  of  the  family,  seeing  he  possessed 
pert  of  the  lordship  of  Grordon.  He  is  frequently  witness  to  char* 
ters  and  donations  to  the  monastery  of  Kelso>  in  the  reign  of  King 
William  the  Lion«  wo  died  anno  1214/  and  was  probably  grahd- 
ikther  to  Adam,  who  married  the  heiress  Alicia,  hereafter  men- 
tiooed« 

Thomas  died  in  the  reign  of  King  Alezand^  IL  (son  of  iLing' 
William  the  Lion),  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son^ 

Sir  Tbomas  de  Gordon,  who  by  a  charter  confirmed  to  the 
monks  atxl  abbot  of  Kelso,  all  the  donations  and  concessions  mado. 
to  them  by  Richard  de  Goidon,  his  grandfather^  and  Thomas  hi» 
£atber.' 

Itt  two  other  charters  granted  by  him^  with  the  consent  of 
Marjory  his  wife,  to  the  said  abbot  and  monks  of  Kelso,  for  the 
salvation  of  his  own  soul^  and  those  of  his  wife  and  daughters^  his 
ancestors  and  socoessors,  &c.  he  again  confirms  all  his  father's 
and  grandfether*sdonatiofis^  also  grants  them  several  other  privi* 
leges  and  possessions  in  his  lordship  of  Gordon,  and  commits  his 
body  to  diem  to  be  boried  at  Kelso^  as  they  shall  see  fit.8 

He  also  made  a  donation  to  the  religious  at  Coldstream  of  pas- 
turage opon  the  lands  of  Thorndyke  and  Gordon^  wherein  he  is 
Styled,  S€n  of  Sir  Thymus  Qoricn,  Knt,^ 

This  Sir  Thomas  is  noentioned  in  two  or  three  dbarters  to  the 
monastery  of  Kelso,  anno  1258,  in  which  he  is  called  Sir  Thomas 
do  Gordon,  Knight,*  He,  leaving  no  male  issue,^  was  succeeded 
in  his  whole  lands  and  estate  by  his  daughter, 

AxiciA  de  Gordon,  who,  in  many  charters,  is  styled  daughter 
and  heiress  xif  Sir  Thomas :  she  married  her  cousin  Adam  de  Gor-* 
don,  vho^'in  the  be^nning  c^  the  reign  of  King  Alexander,  in  a 
donation  to  the  monastery  of  Coldstream,  is  called  j^dam,  son  of 
Adamde  Gordon,  and  was  probably  grandson  of  Adam^  proprietor 

d  €!harta1.  &  Append. 
•  lb.  Chaitsl.  of  Coldstream,  and  Bacliaiian*s  Hiit*  p..8.s2. 
f  Chartal  of  Kelso.  S  Ibid,  aad  Gordon*8  Appcndiv, 

1»  ChartQl.  of  Coldfttrcaoi.  i  Chartul.  of  Kelso. 

^  PootiuB  de  Goidon,  of  a  considerate  family  in  Normandy,  lived  aoout  this 
lime.    See  Rjmef*8  Feed.  X.  761. 


304  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

of  part  of  the  e^te  of  Grordon  abovementioned;  by  whtcfi  mit" 
fiage,  the  whole  lordship  of  Grordon  became  united  in  one 
fiimily. 

This  Adam  granted  an  inclosed  piece  of  land,  lying  in  the  ter- 
^ritory  of  Fawn*s»  in  Berwickshire^  to  the  monastery  of  Dryboi^lr, 
for  the  salvation  of  his  own  soul^  the  sools  of  Alicia  his  spouse^ 
his  ancestors  and  sucbessors.^ 

When  King  Alexander  111.  sent  one  thousand  aQxiliaiics  tor 
King  Lewis  of  Francej  to  attend  him  in  bis  expedition  into  the 
Holy.  Land,  anno  127O;  Adam  dt  Gordon  was  one  of  the  chief 
commanders,  and  lost  his  life  in  that  enterprisei  leaving  issue  by- 
the  said  Alicia^  a  son,  Sir  Adam,  their  heir. 

Alicia  survived  her  husband,  as  appears  by  her  cbarter  of*  con^ 
finnation  to  the  religious  in  Kelso,  in  these  words>  **  Mkid  de 
Gordon  Jilia  et  heres  quondam  domini  TkonUb  de  Gordon^  militUi 
in  purd  vtduUaie,  lie.  pro  salute  animm  mens  et  amtnarumjratrii 
met,  et  Adte  de  Gordon  quondam  sponsi  mei,  isfc,  confirmasse, 
kfc,  omnes  donatwnes,  He,  a  domino  Ri^ardo  proavo  meo,  sive  « 
domino  Thoma  quondam  patre  meo,  is^c,**  to  which  deed  her  seal 
is  appendant.™ 

Adam  de  Gk>rdon;  their  son  and  heir,  was,  after  the  death  of 
his  mother,  styled,  "  Lord  of  Gordon,**  and  confirmed  all  the  do^ 
nations  of  his  predecessors  to  the  religious  at  Kelso. 

This  Adam  appears  to  have  had  some  property  in  England, 
whether  his  own  inheritance  or  in  right  of  his  wife,  who  was  an 
Englishwoman,  cannot  now  b^  determined.  He  is  probably  the 
«ime  Adam  de  Grordon,  who,  during  the  dispute  between  King 
Henry  the  Third  of  England  and  his  Barons,  sided  with  the  lat- 
X  ter,  and  was  some  time  |rovemor  of  Dunster  castle  5  but  after  the 
kattle  of  Evesham,  in  which  most  of  the  principal  leaden  of  the 
barons  were  either  killed  or  taken  prisoners,  he  making  his  escapci 
and  being  r^koned  the  strongest  man  in  Englatid,  maintained 
himself  with  eighty  horse;  in  the  woods  between  Alton  and  Fam- 
ham,*'  and  plundered  the  counties  of  Berks  and  Surrey,  until  hb 
was  surprised  by  Prince'  Edward,  while  his  men  were  at  some' 
distance.  The  Prince,  ever  fond  of  military  glory,  was  desirous 
of  encountering  such  a  famous  chief  in  single  combat,  and  there- 
fore commanded  his  foUowers  to  retire:  the  fight  immediately 
began  5  both  combatants  discovered  the  most  surprising  strength> 

1  Chartul.  of  Dryburgb. 

n  Chartvlary  of  KeUo,  ind  Gordon*&  Appendix. 

*^  See  Wbice'i  Hiitory  of  Selbornc,  in  Haacf. 


£ARL  OF  NORWICH.  SOI 

courage,  and  dexterity  j  the  victorjr  remained  a  long  time  doubt- 
ful, at  length  Adam's  foot  slipping,  he  fell  to  the  ground,  and  laj 
at  the  mercy  of  the  conqueror,  who  not  only  granted  him  his  life, 
but  even  admitted  him  into  his  service.  Adam  was  so  charmed 
with  the  Prince's  bravery  as  well  as  generosity,  that  he  continued 
ever  after  a  faithful  friend  to  the  rojral  cause.^ 

By  a  writ,  dated  at  Westminster,  June  I4th,  1387,  he  as  a 
subject  of  England,  was  ordered  to  meet  Edmund  £arl  of  Corn- 
wall, Lieutenant  to  King  Edward  I.  at  Gloucester,  in  order  to 
give  advice  and  assistance  in  certain  great  affairs  of  state^  which 
should  be  communicated  at  meeting  ;p  Imt  whether  he  attended 
or  not,  is  uncertain. 

In  the  dispute  between  John  Baliol  and  Robert  Bruce,  for  the 
crown  of  Scotland,  he  was  always  a  firm  adherent  of  the  former, 
which  probably  proceeded  both  from  inclination  and  interest,  as 
he  held  most  of  his  lands  either  of  that  Prince^  or  of  the  Earls  of 
March,  his  fast  friends:-  but  be  died  before  King  John,  as  he  was 
then  called,  resigned  the  sovereignty  of  Scotland  to  King  Edward  h 
for  Marjory  his  widow  obtained  a  safe  conduct  from  King  Edward 
to  go  into  England,  and  was  then  styled.  Uxor  quondam  Aim  de  , 
Gordon^  anno  J  296.1 

lij  the  said  Marjory  (but  of  what  family  she  was  is  not  known) 
he  left  issue  a  son  and  successor. 

Sir  Adam  de  Gordon,  Lord  of  Gordon,  who  was  certainly  one 
of  the  greatest  men  of  that  age,  being  equally  qualified  for  the 
•cabinet  and  the  field. 

As  all  the  G^dons  in  Scotland  appear  to  be  descended  from 
this  Sir  Adam,  and  as  he  is  variously  represented  by  different  au- 
thors, we  shall  endeavour  to  trace  his  conduct,  step  by  step,  from 
authentic  docnmepts,  and  submit  his  character  to  the  judgment 
pf  our  readers. 

The  first  mention  that  we  find  of  him  is  in  the  expedition  which 
die  brave  Sir  William  Wallace,  guardian  of  Scotland,  made  into 
Galloway  in  1297;  who,  having  taken  thecaatleof  Wigton,  Sir 
Adam  was  appointed  Governor  thereof,^  And  abodt  the  same 
time,  having  acquired  the  lands  of  Glenkenns,  Uc  in  Galloway, 
he  gave  them  to  his  second  son  William." 

He  was  afterwards  appointed  Warden  of  the  Marches  of  Scot- 
landj  by  the  guardians  of  the  kbgdom  in  tl^e  absence  of  King 

•  Hitt.  of  England,  id  leign  of  Heory  HI.  P  Rymer**  F#d, 

.    %  Ibid,  toffl.  II.  p.  747.  '  Rymcr't  F^d, 

*  Clisrt.  in  archiT«  fapiil.  de  Kemsur^ 


woe  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

John  (BaUol)>  as  is  proved  by  the  notice  sent  to  him,  as  Wanka 
aforesaid,  of  the  truce  concluded  betwixt  England  and  Scotland 
at  Dumfries,  on  October  30th,  1300>  In  1305,  he  was  fined  by 
King  Edward  of  England,  then  acting  as  Overlord  of  Scotland,  io 
three  years  rent  of  his  estate,  for  adhering  to  the  fialiol's  party.  In 
130S,  he  was  one  of  the  sureties  for  the  good  behaviour  of  Wil- 
Ham,  Bishop  of  St.  Andrew's,  whose  release  from  imprisonment 
they  had  procured. 

About  the  same  time,  Sir  Adam  settled  a  diffevenoe  which  had 
long  subsisted  betwixt  him  and  the  abbot  and  convene  of  Kelso, 
wherry  he  obtained  liberty  to  build  a  chapel  for  the  use  of  his 
^mily  in  any  place  of  his  parish  of  Grordon  which  he  should  think 
lit;  he  then  made  a  donation  to  the  church  of  Kelso,  with  con- 
aent  of  Annabeila  his  wife,  of  an  inclosed  piece  of  ground  on  his 
lands  of  Gordon,  &c.  wherein  he  is  atylod,  jStiiu  et  lunes  quondam 
Jdte,  &c.  anno  1306.'' 

In  January  1312,  David,  Earl  of  Atholl,  Sir  Adam  de  Gordon, 
and  Alexander  de  Abemethy,  were  appointed  plenipotentiaries 
by  King  Edward,  to  treat  of  a  peace  with  King  Robert,  which  at 
that  time  took  no  effect.*  In  April  1311,  he  and  the  Ear}  of 
March  were  sent  into  England  by  Bailors  party,  to  endeavour  to 
get  some  of  their  grievances  redressed  ^r  and  in  November  follow- 
ing, was  again  employed  by  King  Edward  to  negoctaie  a  peace 
with  King  Robert,  which  was  the  last  of  his  actions  in  favour  of 
the  Baliol's  party,  for  King  John  died  the  next  year,  and  Sir 
Adam  was  ever  after  one  of  King  Robert's  firmest  and  most  i^ 
apected  friends.* 

He  obuined,  from  Thomas  Randolph,  Earl  of  Murray,  a  grant 
of  the  lands  and  barony  of  SHtchell,  in  Roxbntighshire,  which  King 
Itobert  ratified  and  confirmed  to  him  and  his  son  WiDiam^  by  hk 
charter,  dated  at  Perth,  June  28th,  1315.* 

King  Robert  knowing  Sir  Adam  to  be  a  person  of  great  abili- 
ties^ joined  him  in  commission  with  Sir  Edward  Odard  de  Mam- 
trausson  to  go  to  Bone,  to  manage  the  afiurs  of  his  esoommnai- 
^ation  with  Ae  Vopei  and  they  carried  with  them  that  fimoea 
letter  from  the  nobility  of  Scotland  to  his  Hdineas^  asserting  the 
independence  of  their  country,  anao  ld2a  King  Biibert  after- 
wards, in  reward  of  his  faithful  services,  granted  to  him  aad  heirs, 
Ihe  noble  lordship  of  Strabolgie,  Ike.  in  Abevdnearfiire, 


(  Rymer^s  Feed.  «  ChartttUry  of  Kelwi  tnd  O€rdoii*t  Appcmliz» 

X  Rymer,  Tom.  III.  p.  300.  J  Ibid»  »  Ibid. 

a  Cbirt.  penes  doai,  Robert  Prlngle  de  StitcbelU 


EARL  OF  NORWICH.  207 

was  then  in  the  crown,  by  forfeiture  of  David  de  Stnibdl|^e>  Karl 
of  AthoU  ;^  which  grant  was  afterwards  confirmed  to  his  family 
by  several  charters  under  the  great  seal.  Sir  Adam  fixed  his  re- 
sidence there^  and  gave  these  lands  and  lordships  the  name  of 
Huntley,  which  hath  been  ever  since  one  of  the  chief  titles.of  his 
family.- 

By  the  above-mentioned  Annabella  his  wife>  he  had  issue  four 
sons  and  one  daughter;  viz. 

1 .  Sir  Alexander,  his  heir>  of  whom  presently. 

2.  Wiiliam,  to  whom  he  gave  the  lands  of  Glenkenns,  in  Gal-^ 
loway,  and  Stttchell,  in  Roxburghshire  j  and  from  him  the  family 
of  Kenmur^,  and  several  others  in  the  south  of  Scotland*  do* 
fcended. 

3.  John;  and^  4.  Thomas,  who  both  entered  into  holy  orders, 
and  obtained  letters  of  recommendation  to  the  Pope,  from  £d ward 
King  of  £ngland,  anno  1313.^ 

The  daughter,  Mary,  was  married  to  Sir  Walter  Hamilton,  an- 
cestor to  the  Duke  of  Hamilton^  as  appears  by  a  charter  under 
the  great  seal,  anno  ]319-^ 

Sir  Adam  at  last  lost  his  life  in  the  service  of  his  king  and  coun* 
try,  bravely  fighting  in  the  vanguard  of  the  Scotch  army  at  the 
battle  of  Hallidon  Hill,  on  July  12th,  1333,*^  and  was  succeeded 
by 

Sir  Albxanuhr  Gordon,  his  eldest  son  and  heir,  who  settled 
at  Hantley.  He  was  a  great  patriot,  a  firm  and 'steady  friend  t0 
King  David  Bruce,  and  behaved  gallantly  at  the  battle  of  Halli- 
don Hijl,  where  his  fiither  was  killed,  though  he  had  the  good 
fortune  to  escape:  he  attended  King  David  in  his  unfortunate  ex- 
pedition into  England,  and  was  slain  in  the  battle  of  Neviirs  Cross 
near  Durham,  where  King  David  was  taken  prjsofieo  October 
17th,  1346;  and  was  fucoeeded  by  his  son* 

Sir  John  Gordon,  of  Huntley,  who  was  also  a  great  loyaliat. 
Being  taken  prisober  with  King  David,  at  the  abovenneotioDed 
battle  of  Nevill*t  Cross,  he  was  not  released  till  1367,  wben  the 
Earl  of  Douglas  became  one  of  his  turettes;'  and  oa  the  20th 
Mavch>  in  the  next  year,  he  obtained  firom  the  said  King  David, 
a  Oonfinoation  of  the  lands  and  lordfhip  of  Slrathbqgji^  which 
kad  been  granted  by  King  Robert  h  to  his  graodfathen 

^  Chart,  in  public.  ArchiT.  c  Rymer,  Tom.  III.  p.  39^. 

4  Chare  in  rotol.  Rob.  I.  •  Barneses  Hist,  of  Edw.  III.  fo.  78. 

f  Rjrmer,  Tom.  Vl.  p.  30  and  S2. 


208  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

He  died  soon  afteri  leaviDg^  issue,  by  Elizabeth  bis  wife,  a  son 

and  heir^ 

Sir  John  Gordon^  of  Huntly>  a  great  warrior,  and  of  undaunted 
Courage.  He,  with  bis  own  vassals  and  followers,  routed  a  con- 
siderable body  of  the  English  under  the  command  of  Sir  John 
Lilburne,  whom  he  took  prisoner  at  Carrara,  in  the  year  137^; 
and  soon  after  surprised  apd  took  prisoner  Sir  Thomas  Musgrave, 
governor  of  Berwick  castle,  but  released  him  in  a  short  time.6 

He  obtained  a  new  charter  from  King  Robert  II.  confirming 
the  lands  and  lordship  of  Strathbogie  to  him,  and  bis  heirs,  quas 
ierrtiSy  Rohertns  iUustris  Rex  Scotia,  predecessor  noster,  dedit 
quondam  Jda  de  Gordon  miiiti,  proavo  dicti  Johannis,  rattone 
fmsfactura  David  de  SfrcUhbogie,  &c«  dated  July  10th,  1376,*' 
after  which,  he  w^  styled  Lord  Gordon  of  Strathbogie,  or 

Huntly. 

In  1378,  he,  in  company  with  the  Earl  of  Douglas,  came  np 
with  another  considerable  body  of  forces  under  the  command  of 
the  above-mentioned  Sir  Thomas  Musgrave,  and  killed  or  took 
prisoners  every  man  of  them;'  but  at  length  lost  his  life  with 
the  said  Earl  at  the  battle  of  Otterbum  in  1388,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded by 

Sir  Adam  Gordon,  Lord  of  Gordon,  his  son  and  heir,  who  was 
inferior  to  none  of  his  brave  ancestors  for  magnanimity  and  cou- 
rage, and  was  slain  in  the  battle  of  Homeldon  in  1402,^  leaving 
issue  by  his  wife  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  William  Keith,  great 
marishal  of  Scotland,  an  only  child, 

Elizabeth  Gordon,  who  succeeded  to  the  whole  family  estate, 
and  married  Alexander  Seton,  second  son  of  Sir  William  Seton  of 
Seton,  ancestor  to  the  Earls  of  Win  ton;  who  was  styled  Lord  of 
Gordon  and  Huntly,  and  left  issue,  by  the  said  Elizabeth,  a 
daughter,  Elizabeth,  married  to  Alexander,  Earl  of  Ross ;  and 
two  sons. 

1.  Alexander,  created  Earl  of  Huntly.    And, 

2.  William,  ancestor  to  the  Setons  ofMeldrum,  &c. 
Alexander  Seton,  Lord  Gordon  and  Huntly,  the  eldest  son 

and  heir,  being  a  person  of  great  abilities,  was  one  of  the  com* 
mis&ioners  appointed  by  the  estates  of  the  kingdom  of  Scotland  to 
treat  with  the  English  in  1421  for  the  ransom  of  King  James, 
and  in  1423,  upob  that  Prince's  enlargement,  ^became  one  of  hia 

t  Chart,  pcnet  Pacen  de  Gordon, 
^  Abercrombie's  Martial  Achierements,  Vol.  II.  p.iyi,  171. 
i  Chart,  in  rotuU  Rob.  II,  ^  Al>€rcro£Dbie  pr«d.  Vol*  11.  p.  17$ 


EARL  OP  NORWICH.  209 

hostages:*  in  1437,  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  ambassadors  ex- 
traordinary to  treat  with  the  English  about  a  peace;  and  a  truce 
being  concluded  ppon  the  next  year,  he,  in  1439,  was  again  sent 
into  England,  to  treat  of  a  final  peace. 

Having  peiformed  many  signal  services  to  his  country  during 
the  minority  of  King  James  II.  he  was,  in  1449,  created  Earl  of 
Huntly^  with  limitation  to  his  heirs  male  by  Elizabeth  Crichton, 
his  tliird  wife,  they  being  obliged  to  take  the  name  and  l)car  the 
arms  of  Gordon. 

He  afterwards  obtained  charters,  under  the  great  seal,  of  the 
lands  of  Strathbogie,  Huntly,  Aboyne,  Glentanner,  Glenmuck, 
the  lordships  of  Badenoch,  Locbaber,  Forest  of  Enzie,  &c.  in  the 
north,  with  Huntly,- Gordon,  &c.  in  Bcr wicks h ire. » 
'  On  the  Ear!  of  Douglas's  rebellion,  in  1452,  he  raised  a  consi- 
derable army  of  his  own  friends  and  vassals,  with  whi^h  he  de- 
feated the  Earl  of  Crawiurd,  one  of  the  Earl  of  Douglas's  chief 
associates,  near  Brechin,  whereby  the  rebellion  was  soon  after 
entirely  crushed." 

He  married,  first,  Jane,  daughter  of  Robert,  son  and  heir  appa- 
rent to  William,  first  Earl  Marishal,  by  whom  he  had  no  issuei 
secondly,  Giles,  daughter  and  heir  to  John  Hay,  of  Tullibody,  in 
Clackmannanshire,  by  whom  he  had  a  son. 

Sir  Alexander  Seton,  who  succeeded  to  his  mother's  estate,  and 
was  ancestor  to  the  Setons  of  Touch. 

His  third  wife  was  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  William  Lord  Crich- 
ton.  Chancellor  of  Scotland,  by  whom  he  had  three  sons  and  three 
daughters,  who  all  took  the  name  of  Gordon }  viz. 

1.  George,  who  ^cceeded  to  the  earldom. 

2.  Sir  Alexander,  of  Midmar,  ancestor  to  the  Gordons  of  Aber- 
geldie. 

3.  Adam,  who  was  Dean  of  Caithness.     ^ 

The  daughters  were,  1 .  Janet,  married  to  James  Dunbar,  Earl 
of  Murray.  2.  Elizabeth,  wife  of  William,  third  Earl  Marisbal. 
And,  3.  Christian,  married  to  William,  Lord  Forbes. 

This  great  patriot  lived  to  a  great  age,  and  died  in  14/0,  when 
he  was  succeeded  in  honours  and  estate  (according  to  the  limita- 
tion), by  his  eldest  son,  by  his  last  marriage, 

Gborgb  Gordon,  seamd  Earl  of  Huntley,  who  for  a  long  time 
^rmly  adhered  to  King  James  IIL   and  was  one  of  his  privy 

i  Rymer,  Tom.  X.  ■  Chart,  in  puM.  ArchiT. 

B  Aberciombici  Vol.  II.  p.  3^7,  and  Bucbtnaa*  p.  390. 
▼  OL.  V.  P 


2XO  PEfiKAGB  OF  ENGLAND. 

council.  lo  1484>  a  treatjr  of  peace  being  ooocladed  between 
England  and  Scotland^  be  was  one  of  the  goarantees  thereof  fiur 
tbe  part  of  Scotland :  in  1488,  be,  with  Ihe  Earl  of  Crawford, 
were,  in  open  parliament,  appointed  Lords  of  justiciar/  north  of 
.the  river  Forth  :"*  soon  after  which,  hostilities  being  commeoced 
between  the  King  and  the  confederate  Lords,  the  Earl  of  Huntley 
t^as  very  instrumental  in  cooapromisiiig  matters,  and  making  np 
a  ^rt  of  agreement  at  Blackoessi  but  the  King  fatally  refusing 
to  fulfil  some  of  the  concessions  which  he  had  fornaerly  agreed 
jkv  as  a  foundation  for  peace,  the  Earl  quitted  him,  and  went 
0ver  to  the  other  party,  though  he  always  opposed  every  violcDt 
neasure. 

Upon  the  accessioB  of  King  James  IV.  to  the  throne,  he  waa> 
appointed  one  of  his  privy  council,  and  was  eospowered  to  exer<- 
dse  JDstice,.  and  to  suppress  all  sorts  of  disorders  in  the  northexik 
parta  of  the  kingdom  during  the  minority  of  the  King^  who,  ia 
1491,  was  graciously  pleased,  by  his  own  royal  authority,  to  en- 
laige  the  EarVs  conuntssion,  and  to  make  him  Lieutenant  of  thf 
'northern  parts  of  Scotland,  beyond  tbe  river  Northesk. 

Continuing  in  the  highest  favour  with  his  Majesty,  he  was  con^ 
Mituted  Lord  Chancellor  of  Scotland^  in  the  year  1498,  which 
high  office  he  held  till  1502,  whem  he  resigned  the  seals,  wbicb» 
with  the  title  of  Lord  Chancellor,  were  immediately  conferred 
upon  the  King*s  brotherj  the  Duke  of  Boss.  But  he  did  not  lose 
the  King's  favour  with  his  office^  for,  in  eonsideration  of  hiagood. 
services,  he  had  a  grant  of  the  castle,  &c.  of  Innerlochy,  by  a 
charter  under  the  great  seal  in  1505. 

This  Earl  was  twice  married:  bis  first  wife  was  die  Lady  An- 
laabeUa,  daughter  of  James  I.  King  of  Scotland,  widow  of  Jame9> 
Earl  of  Angus;  and  his  second,  Agnes,  daughter  of  William,  Earl 
of  Errol :  by  tbe  latter  be  had  no  issiaci  but  by  the  former  he  bad 
fonr  sons. 

1.  Alexander,  his  successor, 

2.  Sir  Adam  Gordon,  Lord  of  Aboyne,  who  married  Elizabeth, 
Countess  and  heiress  of  Sutherland,  by  which  marriage  he  became 
Earl  of  Sutherland. 

3.  Sir  William,  ancestor  to  the  Gordons  of  Gigbt,  and  was  slaia 
in  the  battle  of  Floddon,  anno  1513. 

4.  Sir  James  of  Litterfury,  Admiral  of  the  Scotch  fieet  if 
1513. 

•  LiTcsr  of  ths  Lords  Chancellor  o£  Scot]tod,  p.  56,  and  Eecordt  of  ParCa- 
«ieat. 


EARL  Ot  NORWICH.  21 1 

Also  six  daughters j  I.  Lady  Cathariocj  married,  first  to  Perkiil 
Warbcckj  the  pretended  Duke  of  York ;  secondly,  to  Sir  Matthew 
Cradock  of  Wales.  2.  Lady  Janet,  married,  first,  to  Alexander^ 
Lord  Lindsay,  son  and  heir  of  David,  Earl  of  Crawfurd;  secondly, 
lo  Fatrick,  Lord  Gray.  3.  Ladj  Mary,  married  to  Sir  Williaoi 
Sinclair,  of  Westerhall.  4*  Sophia,  married  to  Sir  Gilbert  Hay, 
of  Kilmalloch,  Knight.  5.  Lady  Agnes,  married  to  Sir  Jamek 
Ogilvie,  of  Pinlater.  And,  6.  Lady  Eleanor^  married  to  ■ 
Cricbton,  of  Inneroytie. 

This  noble  peer  departed  .this  life  on  June  Stfa,  1507,  and  was 
buried  in  the  chancel  of  the  abbey  church  of  Cambuskenneth^^ 
being  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son, 

Albxai^obe  Gordon,  third  Earl  of  Huntly,  who,  in  his  fa- 
ther's lifetime,  obtained  charters  under  thie  great  seal^  of  the  lands 
of  Huntly,  Gordon,  and  many  others. 

He  was  one  of  the  guarantees  of  a  treaty  of  peace  with  the 
English,  in  150g;  and,  being  in  grej^t  favour  with  the  King,  was 
sworn  of  his  privy  council  $  and  indeed  there  was  not  a  braver, 
nor  a  noore  loyal  subject  in  the  whole  kingdom* 

He  accompanied  the  King  to  the  fatal  battle  of  Floddon,  fought 
September  9tb,  1513j  and  though  he  gave  his  opinion  against 
fighting  8t  that  time,  when  so  many  disadvantages  were  obvious, 
yet  when  he  found  the  King  was  determined,  he  acquiesced,  and, 
having  the  command  of  the  right  wing  of  the  army,  performed 
wonders,  and  drove  all  before  him  that  stood  in  his  way;  but  the 
left  wing  and  the  centre  were  not  so  successful,  being  overpowered 
with  numbers;  and  the  King,  and  the  flower  of  the  nobility,  be- 
ing killed,  he  was  at  last  obliged  to  give  way,  and  with  much 
difficulty  made  his  retreat  in  the  evening. 

In  the  minority  of  King  James  V.  he  was  appointed  Lord 
Lieutenant  of  the  north,  beyond  the  river  Forth;  and,  in  151/, 
¥ras  jcnned  in  commission  with  the  Earls  of  Angus,  Arran,  and 
Argyll,  as  governors  of  the  young  King,  and  died  in  1523. 

Rol)ertsOn  says,  that  George  Gordon,  the  former  Earl  of  Hunt- 
ley, ''  having  been  one  of  the  nobles,  who  conspired  against 
James  III.  and  who  raised  his  son,  James  IV.  to  the  throne,  en- 
joyed a  great  share  in  the  confidence  of  that  generous  prince.  By 
fais  bounty,  great  accessions  of  wealth  and  power  were  added  to  a 
family,  already  opulent  and  powerfiil.  On  the  death  of  that  mo- 
mrrch,  Alexander,  the  next  Earl,  being  appointed  Lord  Lieute* 

f  Lives  of  Uic  JLords  ChsncelIon>  p«  57. 


212  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Dant  of  all  the  coonties  beyond  Forth,  kft  the  other  nobles  to 
contend  for  offices  at  court :  and,  retiring  to  the  north,  where  hk 
estate  and  inflaence  lay,  resided  there  in  a  kind  of  princdy  inde^ 
pendence*  The  nobles  in  that  part  of  the  kingdom  dreaded  the 
growing  dominion  of  soch  a  dangerous  neighbour,  but  were  un- 
able to  prevent  his  encroachments.  Some  of  his  rivals  he  secretly 
undermined  >  others  he  subdued  by  open  force.  Hi<«  estate  far 
esLceeded  that  of  any  other  subject;  and  his  superiorities  and  ju* 
risdictions  extended  over  many  of  the  northern  counties.  With 
power  and  possessions  so  immense,  under  two  long  and  feeble 
minorities,  and  amidst  the  shock  of  civil  commotions,  the  Earls 
of  Huntley  might  have  indulged  the  most  elevated  hopes:  But, 
happily  for  the  crown,  an  enterprising  spirit  was  not  the  charac- 
teristic of  that  family  5  and,  whatever  object  their  ambition  might 
have  in  view,  they  chose  rather  to  acquire  it  by  political  address, 
than  to  seize  it  openly,  and  by  force  of  arm&.** 

He  married  Lady  •  Janet  Stewart,  daughter  of  John  Earl  of 
Atholl,  by  whom  he  had  three  sons  and  four  daughters. 

1 .  John,  Lord  Grordon,  h'ls  heir  apparent. 

2.  Alexander,  to  whom  he  gave  the  lands  of  Strathdown,  who 
was  ancestor  to  the  Grordons  of  Clunie. 

3.  William,  who,  being  bred  to  the  church,  was,  first*  Chan- 
cellor of  the  church  of  Elgin,  and  afterwards  Bishop  of  Aber- 
deen. 

The  daughters  were ;  1 .  Lady  Janet,  married  to  Colin,  Earl  of 
Argyll.  2.  Lady  Jane,  married  to  Patrick,  fourth  Lord  Gray. 
3.  Lady  Isabel,  married  to     .  Lord  Innermeath.    And,  4* 

married  to Menzies,  of  Weem. 

John,  Lord  Gordon,  the  eldest  son  and  heir  apparent,  obtained 
charters  under  the  great  seal,  of  the  lands  of  Badenoch,  the  Castld 
of  Ruthven,  and  many  others  j^i  but  died  before  his  father,  in 
1517,  leaving  issue  by  liis  wife,  Jane,  natural  daughter  of  King 
James  IV.  two  sons. 

1.  George,  who  succeeded  his  grandfather  as  Earl  of  Huntley, 
&c. 

2.  Alexander,  who  by  Queen  Mary,  was  appointed  Bishop  of 
palloway. 

GzouQE,  fourth  Earl  of  Huntley,  succeeded  his  grandfather  in 
1523,  being  then  in  the  tenth  year  of  his  age.  ^  He  was  from 
his  childhood  brought  up  with  King  James  V.  (they  being  much. 

1  Chart,  in  publ.  Archiv. 


EARL  OF  NORWICH.  213 

of  an  age),  by  the  partiailar  care  of  the  Earl  of  Angus,  then  Prime 
Minister,  who  took  him  under  his  tuition  and  obtained  his  ward- 
ship, intending  to  have  married  him  to  one  of  his  own  relatione, 
had  not  the  Earl's  fall  prevented  It.  After  which,  by  the  King's 
express  command,  he  was  placed  under  the  care  of  the  most  able 
roasters,  whereby  he  became  one  of  the  best  scholars^  and  most 
accomplished  persons,  of  the  age  he  lived  in. 

In  1535,  he  was  sworn  of  the  privy  council,  and  the  year  fol- 
lowing was  appointed  one  of  the  lords  of  the  regency  during  the 
King's  absence  in  France,  in  order  to  marry  the  Princess  Magdalen, 
daughter  to  King  Francis  I.  The  confidence  the  King  placed  in 
the  fidelity  and  ability  of  the  Earl  and  the  other  regents,  and  the 
powers  they  were  intrusted  with,  will  appear  from  the  copy  of 
their  commission,  which  is  printed  in  the  Lives  of  the  Lords 
Chancellors  of  Scotland,  p.  82,  83. 

The  King,  upon  his  return,  in  1537>  having  an  entire  confi- 
dence in  the  loyalty  and  fidelity  of  this  Earl,  constituted  him 
Lieutenant  of  the  north,  and  Captain-general  of  the  forcrs  which 
were  raised  to  oppose  the  English,  who  had  entered  the  Borders, 
under  the  command  of  Sir  Robert  Bowes  to  whom  he  gave  a  total 
defeat  at  Haldenry,  Sir  Robert  being  taken  prisoner. 

King  Henry  VIII,  then  sent  a  much  greater  force  to  invade 
the  borders,  under  the  command  of  the  Duke  of  Norfolk ;  but  the 
Earl  of  Huntley,  by  his  prudence,  dexterous  conduct,  and  frequent 
skirmishes,  prevented  the  Duke  from  making  any  considerable  * 
progress  or  doing  much  injury  to  the  country.  These  services 
endeared  him  exceedingly  to  the  King  his  uncle,  whose  chief  fa- 
vonrite  he  now  was  become. 

King  James  died  in  December  1542,  leaving  only  a  daughter^ 
Mary,  but  a  few  days  old,  to  inhtrit  the  throne;  and  the  Earl  of 
Angus  being  appointed  Governor  of  the  kingdom,  the  Earl  of 
Huntley  was,  by  act  of  Parliament,  constituted  one  of  his  privy 
council;'  he  was  made  Lord  High  Chancellor  of  Scotland,  upon 
the  death  of  Cardinal  Bethune,  and  had  ihe  great  seal  delivered 
to  him  in  open  parliament,  on  June  10th,  1646;  the  form  and 
manner  of  his  creation  being  entered  in  the  records  of  the  privy 
council,  to  the  following  tenor: 

"  The  which  day,  my  Lord  the  Governor,  in  presence  of  the 
Queen*s  Grace,  and  Lords  of  Council,  hath  chosen  George,  Earl 
of  Huntly,  Chancellor  of  the  realm  of  Scotland,  who  has  accepted 

*  Records  of  PArliamei^t. 


2 1 4  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

the  said  office  io  and  apoo  him,  and  has  sworn  that  he  will  loja^f 
and  tnilj  minister  in  the  said  office,  after  his  wit,  cnnning,  and 
knowledge,  like  as  other  ClianccUors  have  done,  and  used  in  the 
said  office  in  tinaes  past,  and  the  Queen's  Gr^ce,  and  Loids  of 
Coaocil,  thoaght  him  able  thereto;  and  in  ngn  and  token  there- 
of, my  said  Lord  Governor  has,  io  presence  of  the  Queen's  Graoe^ 
and  Lords  of  Council  aforesaid,  deliveied  to  the  said  Earl  oar  ao- 
vereign  Ladj's  great  seal,  and  has  ordered  the  King's  qnarler  seal, 
whom  God  pardon,  to  be  broken  off,  of  which  the  one  half  was 
cot,  and  shewn  cut,  in  presence  of  the  Qoeen's  Grace,  and  mj 
Lords  of  CoundL*' 

At  the  same  time,  a  new  privy  council  being  appointed  to  the 
Governor,  the  Earl  of  Huntley  was  one  of  the  noblemen  of  which 
it  was  composed;  and  being  highly  esteemed  for  his  courage  and 
military  accomplishments,  was  appointed  to  command  a  body  of 
dght  thousand  men  at  the  battle  of  Pinky,  where,  though  he  be- 
haved with  the  utmost  courage  and  magnanimity,  he  was  taken 
prisoner,  and  carried  to  the  English  camp  at  Ltith,  where  the 
Duke  of  Somerser,  Lord  Protector  of  England,  entreated  him, 
that  he  would  use  his  influence  to  forward  the  match  before  pro- 
posed between  their  two  young  sovereigns,  and  thereby  to  unite 
the  two  kingdoms;  but  the  Earl  of  Huntley,  though  their  pri« 
aoner,  was  so  far  from  dissembling  his  sentiments,  that  be  frankly 
told  the  Protector,  **  That  he  was  still  of  the  same  mind  he  had 
feen,  that  the  Queen  should  not  he  disposed  of  in  marriage  till  she 
were  of  years  to  give  her  own  consent,  and  choice  of  a  husband  for 
herself,  at  least  with  consent  of  parliament ;  and  how  well  jo- 
ever  he  should  approve  of  the  match,  yet  he  did  not  like  the  way 
of  wooing** 

When  the  Eoglish  army  marched  away,  they  carried  the  Lord 
Chancellor  along  with  them  to  London,  and  afterwards  sent  him 
prisoner  to  Morpeth,  but  in  less  than  a  year  after  he  found  means 
to  deceive  his  keepers,  and  by  the  help  of  a  dark  night,  fleet 
horses,  and  a  trusty  guide,  he  got  so  quickly  over  the  border  into 
Scotland,  that  he  was  out  of  danger  of  being  retaken  before  he 
was  missed  at  Morpeth. 

Upon  his  return,  he  immediately  resumed  the  administration 
of  the  Chancellor's  place,  and  soon  after  accompanied  the  Queen 
Dowager  into  France,  whither  she  went  to  visit  her  daughter  and 
other  relations;  where  King  Francis  I.  the  more  to  honour  the 
Earl,  made  him  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  most  ancient  and  noblo 
order  of  St.  Michael  j  also,  about  the  same  time,  he  had  a  grant 


EARL  OF  NORWICH.  aiS 

of  the  Earldom  of  Marray/  then  in  the  crown,  by  the  death  of 
the  Queen's  natural  uncle;  he  was  likewise  Lieutenant  of  the 
North,^  where  his  authority  and  interest  were  without  all  doubt 
very  great. 

When  the  Queen  Dowager  was  made  regent,  she  took  the 
great  seal  from  the  Earl  of  Huntley,  and  gave  it  to  a  Frenchcnan^*^ 
leaving  the  Earl  only  tlie  name  of  Chancellor >  yet  this  arbitrary 
procedure  did  not  provoke  him  to  desert  her,  since  she  was  vested 
ixdth  a  lawful  authority  from  his  sovereign,  her  daughter.  For, 
when  things  were  like  to  come  to  extremities  by  her  mal-admi- 
nistration,  she  employed  him  to  quiet  the  commotions  in  the 
country,^  which  he  did,  when  a  flame  was  just  ready  to  break 
out.  Though  be  still  continued  a  Papist,  yet  it  appears  that  he 
was  as  weary  as  any  nobleman  in  the  nation  of  the  misbehaviour 
of  the  French,  and  the  ill  usage  his  country  met  with  from  them; 
and  thereupon  entered  into  a  bond  of  association  with  the  DUke 
of  Chatlerault,  and  much  the  greater  part  of  the  nobility,  fw 
driving  out  those  oppressors,  and  for  recovering  their  ancient  liber" 
ties,  that  so  they  might  be  ruled  by  the  laws  and  customs  of  their 
own  country t  and  by  the  natives  of  the  kingdom  under  the  obedi' 
ence  of  the  King  and  Queen,  their  sovereign^  This  shews  that 
religion  was  not  at  first  pretended  as  the  cause  of  the  war  against 
the  Queen  Regent ;  but  upon  the  continued  course  of  illegal  ad- 
ministration they  charged  her  with,  and  for  which  she  was  after- 
wards deprived  of  the  regeucy,  which  broke  her  heart,  or  at  least 
hastened  her  death,  as  was  thought 

Upon  the  Queen's  return  from  France,  in  156l,  her  Majesty 
was  pleased  to  restore  the  great  seal  to  the  Lord  Chancellor;  and 
it  plainly  appears,  that  though  he  had  not  possession  of  the  great 
seal,  yet  he  was  never  put  out  of  the  Chancellor's  office  during 
an  the  time  that  Monsieur  Reubie  was  Lord  Keeper;  but  this 
honour  did  not  equal  the  disgust  he  conceived  at  the  earldom  of 
Murray  being  taken  from  him  and  given  to  the  Queen's  natural 
brother,  the  Prior  of  St.  Andrew's,  who  was  created  Earl  of  Mur- 
ray, so  that  ever  after  there  was  an  implacable  animosity  betweeii 
them. 

The  Earl  of  Huntley  being  the  head  of  the  Popish  party  in 

*  Chart,  in  pub.  Archir.  <  llecords  of  Parliament,  1546. 

•  Bhhop  Lesly*!  Hlttofy  of  Scotland. 
'  Barnet's  History  of  the  Reformation* 
7  The  original  bor.4  iS  atill  icmaiomg  in  the  posseaiion  of  bla  grace  the  Duke 
•fHamiiun. 


2X6  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Scotlao^j  the  Queen*s  kindred  (by  her  mother),  the  house  of  GuUe» 
had  great  expectations  from  him,  as  the  only  person  they  thought 
able  to  restore  that  religion;  and,  the  more  to  animate  hira  to 
und(^rtake  it,  they  put  him  in  hopes  that  the  Queen  would  marry 
Sir  John  Gordon,  of  Finlater,  his  second  son.  Whether  the  Queen 
ever  had  such  an  intent,  does  not  appear  j  but  that  the  Earl  had 
formed  such  a  project  seems  certain,  though  he  never  intended  to 
urge  the  Queen  in  the  matter,  or  force  her  to  it  against  her  will, 
as  nis  enemies  gave  out)  for  it  was  in  his  power  oftener  than 
once,  to  have  dispersed  or  dispatched  such  of  her  attendants  as 
were  not  favourable  to  his  design,  if  he  had  intended  to  have  gone 
that  way  to  work. 

The  Queen  intending  to  visit  the  nortKern  parts  of  her  domi- 
nions, about  the  middle  of  August  1562,  came  to  Aberdeen,  where 
she  was  met  by  the  Countess  of  Huntley,  a  Lady  of  a  noble  spirit, 
and  of  a  very  obliging  temper.     Her  second  son,  Sir  John  Gor- 
don, above-mentioned,  had  been  committed  to  prison  for  wound- 
ing the  Lord  Ogilvie  in  one  of  the  streets  of  Edinburgh,  bi^t 
having  made  his  escape,  he  was  declared  a  fugifivej  wherefore 
the  Countess,  his  mother,  humbly  begged  her  Majesty  would  for- 
give her  son  the  oversight  he  had  committed,  and  allow  him  the 
honour  to  come  into  her  presence,  and  kiss  her  hands;  but  the 
Queen  replied,  '*  that  it  did  not  consist  with  her  honour  to  ad- 
mit him  into  her  presence,  till  such  time  as  he  should  render  him- 
self into  prison;"  which  the  Countess  promised  he  should  do,  but 
only  begged  that  the  place  of  his  imprisonment  might  be  the 
castle  of  Stirling,  to  which  the  Queen  consented,  and  the  Lord 
Glamis  was  appointed  to  conduct  him  thither;  but  when  Sir  John 
came  near  Lord  Glamis*s  house,  he  suddenly  altered  his  resolu- 
tion, and  hastened  back  to  the  north,  for  which  the  Queen  was 
highly  incensed  against  him.     In  the  mean  time,  the  Queen  had 
proceeded  on  her  journey  northward  from  Aberdeen,  and  intend- 
ing to  go  to  the  Earl  of  Huntley's  house  of  Strathbogi  (now  called 
Castle  Gordon),  to  which  she  had  been  invited,  and  great  prepa- 
rations made  for  her  reception,  was  met  on  her  way  thither  by 
the  Earl  himself,  who  earnestly  besought  her  Majesty  to  pardon 
his  son  Sir  John;  but  the  Queen  continuing  inexorable^,  and  his 
Lordship  having  pressed  her  Majesty  to  go  to  his  house  more  so- 
licitously than  what  tfhe  thought  was  altogether  becoming,  her 
Majesiy,  instead  of  going  to  Strathbogie,  di-termincd  to  lodge  at 
her  castle  of  Inverness. 
The  Queen,  to  her  great  surprise,  was  refused  admittance  by 


EARL  OF  NORWICH.  217 

tbe  Earl  of  Huntlej*!  deputy  governor,  which  made  her  suspect 
the  Earl  had  some  design  to  seize  upon  her  person  >  whereupon  a 
proclamation  was  issued,  setting  forth  the  danger  her  Majesty  was 
in,  and  commanding  all  her  loyal  subjects  in  those  parts  immedi- 
ately to  come  to  her  assistance 5  upon  which  the  Mackenzies, 
Monroes,  Frasiers^  Mackintoshes,  and  others,  repaired  to  her  Ma- 
jesty, who  then  ordered  tlie  castle  of  Inverness  to  be  besieged, 
and  it  being  easily  taken,  the  Deputy  Governor  was  immediately 
hanged,  but  tbe  lives  of  the  common  soldiers  were  spared. 

Aft  A  the  Queen  bad  staid  a  few  days  at  Inverness,  she  returned 
to  Aberdeen,  where  tlie  Countess  of  Huntley  came  again  to 
wait  upon  her,  but  was  refused  access;  and  the  Queen  being  still 
apprehensive  of  danger,  a  second  proclamation  was  published, 
commanding  all  the  fencible  men,  such  as  could  bear  arms  in  those 
parts,  to  attend  her  Majesty  at  Aberdeen,  and  to  be  read/  to 
march  wherever  they  should  be  ordered^  The  Earl  of  Huntley 
being  informed  of  these  preparations  against  him,  and  well  know- 
ing that  so  long  as  his  rival,  the  Earl  of  Murray,  had  any  credit 
with  her  Majesty,  he  should  never  be  able  to  accomplish  his  de^ 
signs,  resolved  to  make  one  bold  stroke  for  all,  and  seize  upon 
the  Queen's  person,  not  doubting  but  that  upon  a  fair  repesenta* 
tion  of  his  case,  he  might  yet  recover  her  Majesty's  favour,  or  at 
least  procure  a  pardon  for  all  that  was  past;  and  being  accom* 
panied  with  1500  men,  he  marched  towards  Aberdeen,  and  would 
probably  have  made  himself  master  of  the  town  with  very  little 
or  no  resistance,  had  not  the  letters  his  friends  had  wrote  to  him 
been  intercepted  that  morning,  which  gave  the  other  party  a  per- 
fect account  of  bis  strength  and  progress;  but  the  Earl  knowing 
nothing  of  thift  discovery,  and  thinking  he  had  a  sure  game  in  his 
bands,  he  matched  forward  towards  Aberdeen,  where  tbe  Queen 
still  remained.  Tbe  Earl  of  Murray,  who  was  his  enemy,  aad 
glad  of  any  opportunity  to  destroy  him,  thought  this  a  favourable 
opportunity  to  be  for  ever  rid  of  so  powerful  an  adversary,  there- 
fore marched  against  him,  with  a  small  but  resolute  body  of 
men.* 

Both  parties  met  at  a  place  cjlled  Corrichie,  on  the  east  side  of 
the  Hill  of  Fair,  fourteen  miles  west  of  Aberdeen,  and  a  hot 
battle  ensued,  in  which  the  Earl  of  Huntley *s  party  was  defeated* 
and  himself  taken  prisoner ;  and  being  an  aged  coipulcnt  man» 
what  with  grief,  and  what  with  the  cro^^d  and  press  of  these  that 

s  See  a  full  detail  of  this  affair  in  Robertsao,  T.  234,.  241. 


ftl«  I'EERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

were  about  hiiD,  he  was  sdllccl,  and  eqMred  in  their  handsj  on 
October  28tb,  1562. 

The  same  evening,  the  Earl's  dead  bodj  was  carried  to  Aber- 
deen, with  two  of  bis  own  sods.  Sir  John,  and  Adam;  the  ktter, 
being  onlj  a  bof ,  was  pardoned,  bat  Sir  John  was  the  next  daj 
beheaded,  being  much  pitied  bj  the  spectatcws,  as  he  was  a  young 
man  in  the  prime  of  life,  and  adorned  in  bodj  and  mind  with  all 
the  gifts  of  nature;  but  what  exdted  no  less  indignation  than 
CHspassioo,  was  ihe  cruelty  with  which  he  was  mangled^by  an 
unskilful  executioner. 

The  Earl's  body  was  carried  from  Aberdeen  to  Edinburgh,  and' 
an  indictment  of  high  treason  exhilnted  against  him  in  Parlia- 
ment ;  and  by  the  ioflueooe  of  a  great  Lord,  who  wished  to  de<»^ 
stroy  the  family  by  the  ceremony  of  a  trial,  the  deceased  Earl  was, 
by  a  verdict  of  Fartiaroent,  found  guiliy  of  high  treason,  "  in  all 
aod  every  the  points  and  articles  alledged  against  him,  and  that 
he  had  thereby  forfeited  all  his  lands,  hiheritances,  aod  goods, 
moveable  and  immoveable,  for  ever,  and  thatlhereby  his  dignity, ' 
name,  and  memory,  should  be  extinct,  and  his  arms  to  be  can- 
celled, erased,  and  put  forth  of  the  book  of  arms,  and  his  posterity 
to  be  from  thenceforth  unable  to  hold  offices,  honours,  aod  dig- 
nity, within  this  realm.**  But  the  Queen  was  afterwards  gra- 
ciously pleased,  by  act  of  Parliament,  on  April  I8th,  1567,*  to 
reverse  tht  Earl's  attainder,  and  **  decrees  and  declares  the  same, 
with  all  that  followed  thereupon,  to  be  in  all  time  coming  null 
and  of  no  avail,  force,  nor  effect,  and  the  memory,  name,  dignity, 
honour,  and  arms,  of  the  said  George  Earl  of  Huntly  to  be  re- 
stored, and  restores  the  same  to  their  ancient  estate  as  they  were 
before,  leading,  deducing,  and  giving  the  said  sentence  of  attain- 
der aforesaid.  And  likewise  his  posterity  and  liswage  aforesaid, 
to  be  restored,  and  restores  them  to  their  ancient  honours,  fame, 
lind  dignity,  and  makes  them  able  to  hold  offices,  honours,  and 
dignity  within  this  realm,  as  freely  as  they  might  have  done  be- 
fore the  giving  of  the  said  sentence  of  attainder  aforesaid.** 

This  unfortunate  nobleman  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Ro« 
bert  Lord  Keith,  son  and  heir  apparent  of  William,  third  Earl 
Marisbal,  by  whom  he  had  seven  sons  and  three  daughters. 

1.  George,  afterwards  Earl  of  Hantley. 

2.  Jamcs^  who  went  into  holy  orders,  and  died  at  Paris,  anno 
1690. 

i  Records  of  ParCameat* 


SARL  OP  NORWICH.  SI9 

3.  Sir  John  Grordpn^  of  Fiodlater^  or  DeBkfori,  who  was^exo^ 
cuted  as  above  witboat  issue, 

4.  Sir  Adam  Gsrdon^  of  AuchindoOy  who  died  without  issiie  ia 
1580. 

5.  Sir  Patrick  Gordon^  of  Aucbindon^  who  was  slain  at  the  battle 
of  Gleolivet^  anno  I5g4, 

6.  Robert.    And,  7.  Thomas, 

The  daughters  were;  1.  Lady  Margaret,  married  to  John, 
ejghth  Lord  Forbes.  2.  Ladj  Jane,  married,  first,  to  James  £aft-, 
of  fiotbwell;  secondly,  to  Alexander,  Earl  of  Sutherland;  andt 
thirdly,  to  Alexander  Ogilvie,  of  Boyne.  And,  3.  Lady  £Uza*. 
beth,  married  to  John  Earl  of  Atholl. 

.  Gborgb,  ^th  Earl  of  Huntley,  the  eldest  son  and  heirt^  after- 
the  unhappy  affair  at  Corriche,  above-mentionedi  fled  for  protec-* 
tion  to  the  Duke  of  Chatlerault,  whose  daughter  he  had  married; 
but  though  the  Duke  used  his  utmost  endeavours  to  mak«  bia 
peace  with  the  Queen,  yet  the  power  of  his  enemies  was  so  pre* 
dominant,  that  not  only  no  favour  could  be  procured  for  him^ 
but  the  Duke  was  obliged  to  deliver  him  up;  whereupon  he  was 
sent  prisoner  to  the  castle  of  Dunbar  i^  bis  persecutors  having  the 
Earl  now  in  their  power,  resolved  he  should  be  cut  off  in  a  seem* 
ing  way  of  justice;  and,  that  they  might  destroy  him  with  the 
greater  ceremony,  he  was  brought  to  Edinburgh,  and  on  the 
8th  of  February,  1563,^  indicted  of  high  treason  before  the  Justi- 
ciary; ''  for  concealing  the  treasonable  conspiracy  consultatioo^  . 
devising,  and  deliberation,  comroovit  and  spoken  in  his  presence, 
upon  the  penult  day  of  August  1562,  in  the  town  of  Old  Aber- 
deen, by  the  late  George,  Earl  of  Huntley,  his  father,  &c.  ftc.** 
But  though  he  had  neither  been  summoned  nor  indicted  till  the 
very  day  he  was  brought  upon  his  trial,^  yet  a  jury,  well  prepared 
for  the  purpose,  without  hearing  what  he  had  to  say  for  himself, 
found  him  guilty  of  high  treason;  whereupon  sentence  of* death 
was  passed  upon  him,  *'  That  he  should  be  hanged  while  he  was  . 
dead,  drawn,  quartered,  and  dealt  with  as  a  traitor,  at  our  sove* 
reign's  pleasure;  and  that  all  his  goods»  moveable  and  immove^ 
able,  lands,  heritages,  takkis,  stedingls,  offices,  comis,  cattle, 
actions  and  debts,  ought  and  should  pertain  to  our  said  sovereign, 

^  Tbe  Lives  of  the  Lord  Chancellors  of  Scotland,  p.  89,  -sayi,  that  he  was  at 
first  a  younger  brother ;  but  his  elder  brother  dying  without  iisue,  he  became  heif 
to  the  family* 

£  Spoitiswood*s  Church  History.  d  Kecords  of  Parliameat. 

•  Rcasooa  for  reversing  his  sctaindcr  in  Parliament,  1567, 


220  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

and  be  applied  to  her  use^  by  reason  of  escheat  of  fon^tor."  Bat 
jio  day  being  appointed  for  his  execution,  he  M^as  sent  back  pri- 
soner to  Danbar,  there  to  remain  till  the  Qaeen*s  pleasure  should 
be  further  known 3  but  nothing  being  found  against  him  but  an 
intention,  which  took  no  effect,  her  Majesty  never  intended  to 
put  him  to  death  upon  such  an  account,  though  his  enemies  be- 
lieved they  had  compassed  his  destruction. 

Some  time  after  the  Earl  was  condemned,  a  warrant  was  sur- 
reptitiously obtained  from  the  Queen,  and  of  which  she  was  alto-'  , 
gether  ignorant,  directed  to  the  Governor  of  Dunbar,  the  Laird 
of  Craigmillar,'  ordering  him  immediately  to  cause  the  sentence 
of  death  to  be  executed  upon  the  Earl  of  Huntley,  by  beheading; 
the  Governor,  who  was  exceedingly  surprised  at  the  order,  in- 
stantly communicated  it  to  the  Earl  himself;  the  dismal  news 
did  not  at  all  discompose  him,  but  with  great  temper  he  told  the 
governor,  *'  That  he. knew  well  enough  by  whose  means,  and 
after  what  a  manner  such  an  order  had  been  obtained,  and  that 
the  Queen  had  4oubtless  been  imposed  on,  since  he  was  very  well 
assured  of  her  Majesty*s  favour,  and  that  she  would  never  deliver 
him  up  to  the  rage  of  his  enemies;  and  therefore  begged  that  he 
would  do  him  the  favour  to  go  to  the  Queen,  and  receive  the 
order  out  of  her  own  mouth,  before  he  would  proceed  any  fur- 
ther."   The  Governor  did  so,  rode  post  to  Holy  rood -house,  where 
the  Queen  then  was,  and  though  it  was  late,  and  somewhat  un- 
seasonable when  he  arrived  at  the  court,  he  immediately  de- 
manded access  to  her  Majasty,  having  an  affair  to  impart  to  her 
of  the  greatest  consequence;  whereupon  he  was  instantly  admit- 
ted into  the  Queen's  bedchamber:  her  Majesty  was  not  a  little 
sarprised  at  the  sight  of  the  captain,  and  demanded  what  was  the 
matter?  he  told  her,  he  had  come  to  acquaint  her  Majesty,  that 
he  had  obeyed  her  commands.     What  commands  from  me,  says 
she?  the  beheading  of  the  Earl  of  Huntley,  replies  he.     Upon 
ibis  the  Queen  fell  into  a  great  passion,  began  to  cry  bitterly, 
protesting  with  the  most  solemn  asseverations,  that  she  had  never 
given  nor  known  of  such  an  order:  whereupon  the  Governor,  to 
pacify  and  quiet  the  Queen,  told  her  Majesty,  thni  it  was  very 
lucky  that  he  did  not  execute  the  order,  that  the  Earl  was  still 
alive  and  well;  and  begged  to  know  her  Majesty  s  commands,  how 
he  should  beliavefor  the  future  towards  his  prisoner?  The  Queen^ 

f  Records  of  the  Council  in  the  Earl  of  H«4diogtoii*$  Collection,  M.S.  in  the 
Lawyer's  Library  at  Edinburgh. 


EARL  OF  NORWICH.  321 

overjoyed  to  hear  he  was  alive^  told  the  Grovernor,  jhe  thanked 
him  for  what  he  had  done  in  the  matter,  acknowledged  nothing 
could  have  been  a  piece  of  more  acceptable  service  to  her,  and,  now 
that  she  had  a  Jull  confidence  in  his  ^fidelity,  bid  him  take  care  rf 
the  Earl;  but  see  that  for  any  charge  that  could  cjme  from  her, 
that  he  neither  deliver  him  up,  nor  execute  any  sentence  on  him, 
unless  she  commanded  him  out  of  her  own  mouths 

SooD  after  this  the  Earl  was  set  at  liberty,  and  quickly  reco- 
vered so  much  grace  and  favour,  that  her  Majesty  was  pleased  to 
make  him  Lord  High  Chancellor  of  the  kingdom,  March  20th^ 
1565^8  though  the  act  of  his  attainder  was  not  reversed  till  \sQji 
he  continued  in  the  Chaocellor*s  place  till  the  Queen  resigned  thlt 
government^  and  the  Earl  of  Murray  was  made  regent 5  yet  he  so 
far  at  first  concurred  in  the  new  setilement,  that  he  signed  a 
bond  to  acknowledge  the  young  King*s  authority,  and  carried  the  ' 
sceptre  at  the  meeting  of  the  Regent*s  first  parliament  at  Edin* 
burgh,  December  5th,  J  56/.  But  the  Queen  afterwards  dedariogy 
that  she  had  been  forced  to  make  the  resignation  of  the  crowo, 
the  Earl  adhered  to  her  interest  with  great  firnmess  and  fidelity; 
of  which  her  Majesty  was  so  well  satisfied,  that  she  was  pleased 
to  appoint  him  one  of  the  Lords  of  the  regehcy,  who  were  eai« 
powered  to  manage  the  affairs  of  tlie  kingdom  in  her  name,  and 
by  her  authority,  during  her  absence  in  B^gland.        , 

When  the  civil  war  began,  the  Earl  of  Huntley  was  constituted 
the  Queen's  Lieutenant,  and  General  of  all  the  forces,  raised  or 
to  be  raised  in  the  north  for  her  interest;  and  he,  being  a  person 
of  great  honour  and  fortune,  quickly  engaged  many  in  those  parts 
into  an  association  for  her  service,  and  raised  a  considerable  body 
of  horse  and  foot,  which  gave  the  other  party,  who  adhered  to 
.the  young  King,  great  trouble  and  vexation  during  the  course  of 
the  war;  but  the  King's  party  being  strongly  supported  by  the 
Queen  of  England,  and  frequently  supplied  with  fresh  succours 
from  thence,  the  Earl,  and  the  heads  of  Queen  Mary's  party,  were 
forced  to  come  to  an  accommodation  with  the  Earl  of  Morton^ 
the  Regent,  in  1573.*' 

The  peace  of  the  kingdom  being  thus  restored,  his  Lordship 
retired  to  his  country  seat,  where  he  lived  in  a  style  suitable  to 
his'Sllustrious  quality;  and  employed  himself  chiefiy  in  his  owt^ 

,  %  Chiiter  in  Public  Arc  hi  v. 

^  Records  of  the  Priry  Council  in  the  Sisnet  Office  «t  Edinburgh, 


^23  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

domestic  coBcerns  tiU  the  mooth  of  Mnj,  1576,  when  lie  wA 
wdied  with  aQ  apoplexy,  of  ^bich  he  died  a  few  days  after. 

Hit  Lordship  married  Lady  Ann  Hamilton,  daughter  of  Jamei, 
Duke  of  Cbatelrault>  by  whom  he  had  a  daughter,  Lady  Jane^ 
married  to  George,  Ear)  of  Caithness,  and  one  son, 

GsoRoe,  sixth  Eari  of  Huntley,  who  was  one  tff  the  heads  of 
the  party  which  espoused  the  interest  of  Spain.  In  1589,  though 
the  King  had  lately  married  him  to  the  daughter  of  his  favourite 
(the  Duke  of  Lennox),  he  continued  so  warmly  attached  to  the 
Bomish  church,  that  he,  and  Crawford,  and  Errol,  engaged  in  a 
eorrespondence  with  the  Prii^ce  of  Parma,  and  in  their  letters  to 
him,  offered  their  service  to  the  King  of  Spain ;  and  undertook^ 
with  the  aid  of  60OO  men>  to  render  him  master  of  Scotland,  and 
to  bring  so  many  of  their  vassals  into  the  field,  that  he  should  be 
able  to  enter  England  with  a  nomerous  army.  These  letters  werte 
intercepted  by  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  communicated  to  James, 
who  only  inflicted  a  short  imprisonment  on  Huntley  and  his  asso- 
cbles*  The  first  nse  which  the  conspirators  made  of  their  liberty, 
was  to  erect  the  standard  of  rebellion ;  but  they  soon  surrendered, 
and  threw  themselves  on  his  mercy ;  they  were  imprisoned  again 
Ibr  a  few  ooonths;  \}ui  set  at  liberty  at  the  approach  of  the  King's 
marriage.  In  \5gi,  the  King  having,  unadvisedly,  given  him  a 
commission  to  pursue  Francis  Stewart,  Earl  of  Bothwell,  and  his 
Ibllowers,  with  fire  and  sword;  he,  under  colour  of  executing 
that  commission,  gratified  his  private  revenge,  and  surrounded 
the  boose  of  the  Earl  of  Murray,  bnrut  it  to  the  ground,  and  sle^ 
Minrray  himself.  The  murder  of  a  young  nobleman  of  such  pro- 
ndsing  virtues,  and  the  heir  of  the  regent  Murray,  the  darling  of 
the  people,  excited  universal  indignation.  But  th^  King  did  not 
even  bring  him  to  the  formality  of  a  public  trial.  In  1^92,  he 
was  detected  in  a  traitorous  negociatlon  with  the  King  of  Spain; 
and  being  summoned  to  surrender,  fled  to  the  mountains;  but 
afterwards  oStrtd  to  submit  himself  to  a  legal  trial,  yet  refiised 
to  abide  by  his  ofler;  engaged  again  in  a  rebellion,  by  the  battle 
of  Glenlivet,  1^94;  and,  being  conquered,  again  returned  to  tht 
mountains,  where,  being  reduced  to  extreme  distress,  by  the  ri« 
goor  of  the  season,  and  the  desertion  of  their  followers,  he  and 
his  comrades  obtained  the  King's  permission  to  go  beyond  sea; 
and  gave  security  for  their  future  behaviour. 

The  Earl  of  Huntley,  and  the  rest  of  the  party,  were  soon  after 
pardoned;  and  he  became  so  much  in  the  King's  favoui",  that  he 


SAIL  OF  NORWICH.  390 

pM*f"^  'tram  Us  Majesty  a  grant  of  the  dissolred  Abbej  of  Don* 
fi^rmlioe}  was  coastituted  Lord  Lieatenant  of  the  Norths  and 
created  Marquis  of  Huntley  by  patent,  dated  April  l^th^  i^OQ* 

He  married  Lady  Henrietta  Stewart,  daughter  of  fisnoe,  Dolli 
of  Lennox,  and  had  by  her  four  sons  and  as  nuuiy  daughten. 

1.  George,  his  heir. 

2.  Sir  John  Gordon,  created  Lord  AbajDe»  and  '^^soonnt  Mel- 
drum,  in  l627f  who  married  Lady  Sophia  Hay,  daughter  of 
Francis,  ninth  £arl  of  £rrol>  but  was  accidentally  burnt  to  death 
in  his  house  at  Femdaught,  without  issue. 

3.  Lord  Francis,  who  died  in  Germany,  in  l620. 

4.  Lord  Adam,  wbio  was  Laird  of  Achindoun« 

His  Lordship's  daughters  were;  1.  Lady  Ann,  married  to  Jamea 
Earl  of  Murray.  2.  Lady  Eliaabeth,  married  to  Alexander.  £arl 
of  Linlithgow.  3.  Lady  Maxy^  married  to  William,  Ikbrquis  of 
Douglas.  And,  4*.  Lady  Jane,  married  Claud  Hamilton,  Lord 
Strabane  of  the  kingdom  of  Ireland. 

His  Lordship  died  in  l636>  and  was  succeeded  by  his  eldesl 
son, 

GaoaoB,  second  Marquis  of  Huntley,  who,  in  the  early  part 
of  his  life,  was  a  Captain  of  the  Scotch  Gens  d*Armes  to  King 
Lewis  XIIL  of  France,  but,  in  the  beginning  the  Civil  Wars^, 
letumed  ta  his  native  country,  joined  the  King's  party»  and  war 
appointed  Lieutenant  in  the  north  of  Scotland,  and  for  his  stcadj 
adherence  to  the  King,  was  attainted  by  Parliament  in  \Q^i  le^ 
matoing  inviolably  attached  to  the  royal  &raily,  he  was  eakcepted 
from  pardon,  March  4(h,  l647«  and  his  houses  of  Bogie,  of  Gligh^ 
and  Strathbogi,  were  seised  by  order  of  Parliament,  June  8tb» 
1648;  being  afterwards  taken  prisoner  by  some  of  the  parliament 
party^  he  was  indicted  for  high  treason,  and  found  guilty,  and  at 
length  suffered  for  his  loyalty^  being  beheaded  at  Edinburgh, 
March  30th,  1649. 

He  married  Lady  Ann  Campbell,  daughter  of  Archibald^ 
seventh  £arl  of  Argyll,  by  whom  he  had  ive  sons  and  five 
daughters. 

1.  George,  Lord  Gordon,  who  joined  the  King  upon  the  first 
breaking  out  of  the  civil  war,  and  never  deserted  his  interest  j  ber 
ing  slain  in  his  service  at  the  battle  of  Alford^  in  l64^,  without 


2.  Lewis,  third  Marquis  of  Huntley. 

3.  Lord  Charles,  who,  being  a  great  loyalist,  firmly  adhered  t» 
the  interest  of  King  Charles  I.  and  II.  in  the  civil  wao  and  oftef 


224  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND, 

exerted  his  courage  in  their  service;  in  reward  of  which,  he  waj 
■created  Earl  of  Aloyn  soon  after  the  Restoration^  and  from  him  is 
descended  the  present  Earl. 

4.  Lord  James,  also  a  great  loyalist,  who,  after  the  murder  of 
iLing  Charles  I.  retired  into  France,  where  he  died  without  issue. 
And, 

■  5.  Lcfrd  Henry,  who,  during  Cromwell's  usurpation,  was  (with 
many  other  loyalists),  obliged  to  leave  his  country;  and,  having 
a  military  genius,  went  into  the  service  of  the  crown  of  Poland, 
where,  fpr  his  bravery  and  conduct,  he  acquired  great  honour* 
He  afterwards  returned  to  Scotland,  and  died  without  issue. 

The  daughters  were;  I.  Lady  Ann,  married  to  James,  Earl  of 
Perth,  2.  Lady  Henrietta,  married,  first,  to  George,  Lord  Seton  j 
and  afler wards  to  John,  Earl  of  Traquair.  3.  Lady  Jane,  mar- 
ried to  Thomas,  Earl  of  Haddington.  4.  Lady  Mary,  married 
to  — — —  Irvine,  of  Drum,  Esq.  •  And,  5.  Lady  Catharine, 
who  went  abroad  with  her  brother  Lord  Henry,  and  was  married 
to  Count  Morstain,  Lord  High  Treasurer  of  Poland;  of  which 
marriage.  Prince  Czartorinskt,  one  of  the  candidates  for  the  crown 
of  Poland,  and  many"^  other  families  of  distinction  in  that  country, 
are  descended/ 

Lbwis,  third  Marquis  of  Huntley^  the  eldest  surviving  son, 
succeeded  his  father  in  1649.  He  married  Isabel,  daughter  of  Sir 
James  Grant  of  that  Ilk,  by  whom  he  had  a  son,  George,  who 
was  created  Duke  of  Gordon,  and  three  daughters :  1,  Lady  Ann, 
married  to  the  Cotmt  de  Crolly.  2.  Lady  Mary,  married,  first, 
to  Adam  Urquhart,  of  Meldrum,  Esq,;  and  after  his  death,  to 
James,  Earl  of  Perth,  Lord  High  Chancellor  of  Scotland.  And, 
3.  Lady  Jane,  married  to  Charles,  Earl  of  Dumfermline. 
The  Marquis  dying  in  l653,  was  succeeded  by  his  only  son, 
Geo  RGB,  fourth  Marquis  of  Huntley,  and  first  Duke  of  Gor^ 
don,  who  was  restored,  by  parliament,  to  his  whole  estate,  and 
had  the  act  of  attainder  reversed  by  act  of  parliament  in  i66\ ; 
he  was  much  esteemed  by,  and  in  great  favour  with,  Kttig 
Charles  If.  who  created  him  Duke  of  Gordon  by  patent,  dated 
November  1st,  l684;  and  on  June  6tb,  1687,  was  invested  with 
the  order  of  the  Thistle,  on  its  revival. 

Upon  the  accession  of  King  James  II.  of  England,  and  VII.  of 
Scotland,  he  was  made  one  of  the  Lords  of  the  Treasury,  one  of 
his  Majesty's  most  honourable  Privy  Council,  Grovemor  of  the 
Castle  of  Edinburgh^  and  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  most  ancient 
order  of  the  Thistle.    At  the  Revolution,  he  held  out  the  Castle 


EARL  OF  NORWICH.  225 

«f  Edinburgh  for  King  James,  but  at  last  seeing  no  hopes  of  re* 
lief,  he  surrendered  it  to  the  troops  of  King  William,  and  retired 
to  his  country  seat,  where  he  continued  to  his  death  in  17]  6. 

His  Grace  married  Lady  £lizat|eth  Howard,^  eldest  surviving 
daughter  of  Henry  first  Earl  of  Norwich,  and  Baron  Howard  of 
Castle  Rising,  of  that  family,  who  afterwards  succeeded  his  bro- 
ther Thom9s,  as  Duke  of  Norfolk  (by  his  first  wife.  Lady  Ann 
Somerset,  daughter  of  Edward,  Marquis  of  Worcester) ;  and  by 
her,  who  survived  till  July  l6th,  1732,  had  one  daughter.  Lady 
Jane,  married  to  James,  Earl  of  Perth,  and  an  only  son, 

Alexandbr,  second  Duke  of  Gordon,  who  married,  in  170&, 
Lady  Henrietta  Mordaunt,  daughter  of  Charles,  Earl  of  Peter- 
borough and  Monmouth,  by  whom  he  bad  four  sons  and  seven 
daughters.  . 

1 .  Cosroo-Oeorge,  his  successor. 

2.  Lord  Cbiir]es>  who  died  unmarried. 

3.  Lord  Lewis,  who  died  in  17^4,  unmarried. 

4.  Lord  Adam,  who  was  governor  of  Tinmoutb,  a  Lieutenant'* 
general  of  his  Majesty's  forces.  Colonel  of  the  26ch  regiment  of 
foot,  and  representative  in  parliament  for  Kincardinshire;  he  mar- 
ried, September  2d,  1 767,  Jane,  daughter  of  John  Drummond  of 
Meggincb,  Esq.  relict  of  James,  second  Duke  of  Athol,  but  died 
so  August  180),  without  issue. 

The  daughters  were,  l.  Lady  Henrietta,  who  died  unmarried^ 
February,  1789.  2.  Lady  Mary,  who  died  single,  July  26th^ 
1782.  3.  Lady  Ann,  who  married  William,  Earl  of  Aberdeen, 
and  died  June  25th,  179I.  4.  Lady  Betty,  wlio  married  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Skelly,  and  is  since  dead.  5.  Lady  Jane  died  unmar- 
ried 1792.  6.  Lady  Catherine,  married,  in  September  174£,  to 
Francis  Chartris,  of  Ambfield,  Esq.  afterwards  Earl  of  Wemyss. 
And,  7.  Lady  Charlotte,  who  died  unmarried. 

His  Grace  died  at  Castle  Gordon,  November  22d,  1726,  in  the 
forty-eighth  year  of  his  age,  and  was  succeeded  in  titles  and  estates 
by  his  eldest  son, 

Cosmo-Geokgb,  third  Duke  of  Gordon,^  who,  in  reward  of 

1  At  Gordon  Castle  is  a  three- qaaitert  painting  of  her>  sitting,  with  a  mQslin 
veil,  and  blue  mantle  lined  with  ermine ;  her  left-hand  is  retting  on  a  coronet, 
placed  on  a  table.  Alexander,  fourth  Duke  of  Gordon,  in  coqsequence  of  his  de- 
Kent,  was  created  Earl  of  Norwich,  2d  July,  1784. 

k  This  Cosmo  was  so  named,  in  compliment  to  Cosmo  de  Medicis  III.  Great 
Dake  of  Tuscany,  with  whom  his  father,  Alexander',  second  Duke  of  Gordon, 
was  very  intimate.  In  Gordon  Castle  is  a  fine  bust  of  this  Great  Doke  of  Tus- 
cany, presented  by  kim  to  the  above  Alexander,  Duke  of  Gordon,  in  i72*. 

VOL.  V.  a 


^  PEERAGE  OF  EN0L4ND. 

JiU  loyalty,  during  the  rebellion  in  1745;  was,  on  February  lOtk/ 
yj^lt  invested  with  the  most  ancient  order  of  the  Thistle;  in 
September  1741>  he  married  Lady' Catherine  Gordon,  daughter 
-of  WUliam,  Earl  of  Aberdeen,  above-mentioned  (by  his  second 
Wife^  L^dy  Susan  Murray,  daughter  of  John,  Duke  of  Athol),  by 
which  Lady,  who  was,  secondly,  married  to  General  Staats-Long 
Morris,  and  died  in  176O,  he  had  issue  three  sons  and  three 
daughters. 
.    1.  Alexander,  now  Duke  of  Gordon,  Earl  of  Norwich,  &c. 

2.  Lord  William  Gordon,^  formerly  Deputy  Ranger  of  St. 
Ji|mcs*s  Park,  and  representative  in  parliament  for  Invernesshire, 
j¥ho  married,  in  17SI,  to  Frances  Ingram  Shephard.  daughter  to 
Charles,  late  Viscount  Irvine;  and  has  a  daughter,  Frances,  bom 
March  6th,  1782. 

3.  Lord  George  Gordon,  too  well  known  for  the  riots  in  178O, 
born  December  25th,  1751,  died  unmarried,  November  1st,  1703. 

The  daughters  were;  1.  Lady  Susan,"  first  married  to  John 
Fane,  Earl  of  Westmoreland,  and  after  his  decease,  on  December 
28th,  1778,  to  John  Woodford,  Esq.  then  a  Colonel  in  the  army, 
by  whom  she  has  issue. 

2.  Lady  Ann,  married  1782,  to  the  Rev,  Mr;  Alexander  Chal- 
mers, and  died  January  17th,  1792. 

3.  Lady  Catherine,  married  to  Thomas  Booker,  Esq.  then  an 
officer  in  the  33d  regiment  of  foot ;  and  died  January  3d,  17^7. 

.  His  Grace  was  elected  one  of  the  sixteen  Peers  of  Scotland  to 
the  tenth  parliament  of  Great  Britain,  and  died  in  August  1752,' 
when  he  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son  and  heir, 

Albxanpbk,  now  fourth  Duke  of  Gwrdon,  andfrstEkUL  of 
Noawie^  of  this  family,  who  was  elected  one  of  the  sixteen 
feexB  of  Scotland,  May  5th,  17^1,  in  which  distinguished  sta- 
tion he  served  till  the  dissolution  of  the  parliament  1784^  and  in 
cpnsideration  of  his  lineal  descent  from  Henry  Howard,  Earl  of 
Norwich,  and  Baron  Howard,  of  Castle  Rising,  was  advanced  to 
the  English  peerage  by  patent,  dated  July  2d,  1784,  by  the  name, 
style,  and  title,  of  Barofi  Qordon^  f^f  Huntley,  in  the  county  of 
Gloucester,^  and  Eaal  of  Norwich,  in  the  county  of  Norfolk, 

'  Baptised  at  St.  Cuthbcrt's,  York,  2  lit  August,  1 744.    Quart*  US.  Regis- 
ter in  ColL  Ann.  London. 

^  ■  At  Gordon  Castle  it  a  thrce^uartcrs  painting  of  her,  dressed  in  white,  her 
right-hsnd  on  a  greyhound,  left  on  a  rose. 

"  From  the  patent. 


JEARL  OP  NORWICHi  $09 

with  linniatkm  of  those  titlss  to  the  heirs  males  of  his  bodji  Uiwr 
fully  begotten. 

His  Ghraoe  is  also  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  oaost  ancient  oiyier 
of  tbeTfaistlei  being  invested  therein  on  Jannary  llth^  177^;^ 
Keeper  of  the  Great  Seal  of  Scotlandi  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Abeiv 
deensbire;  and  hereditary  Keeper  of  Inverness  .Gastle. 

Hk  Grace  was  married^  in  October  \j6Ji  to  Janc^  daoghtxr  of 
Sir  William  Maxwell^  Bart,  by  whom  he*  has  issue  0ne  surviviiit 

son, 

George,  Marquis  of  Huntley,  bom  February  2d,  l770j  sum- 
moned to  the  House  of  Lords,  April  11th,  1807,  as  Baron  Gor- 
x>oN,  of  Huntley,  in  Gloucestershire,^  a  Major-general  in  the  army, 
and  Colonel  of  the  42d  Regiment  bf  foot. 

Charlotte,  married*  September  178§,,  Lieutenant-general  Len- 
nox, now  Duke  of  Richmond,  by  whom  she  has  issue. 

Madelina,  married^  first,  April  3d,  1789,  Sir  Robert  Sinclair^ 
Bart!  and  had  issue;  and,  secondly,  November  2athj  1805,  Charles 
Palmer,  Esq.  of  Luckley  Park,  in  Berkshire. 

Susan,  married,  November  8th,  1793,  William,  Duke  of  Man- 
chester, and  has  issue. 

Louisa,  married,  April  17th,  1797,  Charies,  Marquis  Cornwal- 
lis>  and  has  issue. 

Georgiana,  married,  June  23d,  1803,  John,  Duke  of  Bedford. 

Alexander,  bom  November  8th,  1785,  a  Captain  in  the  59th 
regiment  of  foot,  died  January  8th,  1806. 

Tt/te.  Alexander  Gordon,  Eari  of  Norwich,  and  Baron  Gor- 
don  of  Huntley,  English  honours :  also,  Duke  of  Gordon^  Marquis 
and  Earl  of  Huntley,  Eari  of  Enzie,  Viscount  Inverness,  Lord 
of  Badenoch,  Lochaber,  Strathaven,  Achindoun,  Balmore,  Gartley, 
and  Kincardine,  in  the  kingdom  of  Scotland,  and  Knight  of  the 
most  ancient  order  of  the  Thistle. 

Creations.  Lord  Gordon,  July  10th,  1376$  Eari  of  Huntley, 
1449)  MarquisofHunUey,  April  17th,  1599;  and  Duke  of  Gor- 
don, November  1st,  l684;  Scotch  honours:  also  Baron  Gordon 
of  Hnndey,  in  Gloucestershire,  and  Earl  of  Norwich,  in  Norfolk, 
July  2d,  1784,  24  George  III. 

Arms.  Quarterly,  fint  Azure,  three  boars  heads  erased.  Or, 
for  Gordon  5  second  Or,  three  lions  heads  erased,  gules,  for  Ba- 
denoch;  third  Or,  three  crescents  within  a  double  tresture  flory, 

•  FrasA  the  RcgitUr  of  the  Order. 


228  P£BRAGE  OP  ENGL/INO. 

coanterfioiy,  gules»  fbrSeton;  fourth  Azare,  three  cinqaefbilt. 
Argent,  for  Fraser. 

Crest,    In  a  marquis's  coronet,  a  stag's  head  afiironte  proper. 

Supporters,  Two  greyhounds^  Argent,  coUaxed  Goks,  and 
thereon  three  round  buckles,  Or. 

Motto.    Animo  non  astutia. 

Chirf  Seats.  At  Strathbogie.  in  Aberdeenshire ;  and  at  Castle 
Gordon,  in  Bamftbtre. 


TALBOT  EABL  TALBOT. 


TALBOT  EABL  TALBOT. 

Thij  noble  branch  of  the  Ancient  and  illustrious  bouse  of  Talbot, 
is  lineally  descended  from  Sir  Gilbert  Talbol,  of  Grafton,  Id  Wor- 
cestenliire,  third  sod  of  John,  second  Earl  of  Shrewsburj',  bjr  bU 
wife  Etiutbeth,  daugbter  to  James  Butler,  Earl  of  Ormond. 
■  The  said  Sir  Gilbert  Talbot,  of  Graflon,  who  was  Knight 
Batmeret,  Knight  of  the  Garter,  and  one  of  the  most  renowned 
statesmen  and  warriors  of  bia  time,  departed  this  life  on  Septem- 
ber igih,  15l6,  and  was  buried  at  Wbiicburch,  in  Sbropshirej 
having  married  twowives;  ],  Elizabeth.daughierof  Henry  Lord 
Scrope,  of  Bolton;  and,  2.  Etbelreda  (or  Audrey),  daughter  of 
Sir  John  Cotton,  of  Landwade,  in  the  county  of  Cambridge,  Knt. 
(ancestor  of  Sir  Charles  Cotton,  of  Landwade  and  Madingley), 
and  successively  ihe  widow  of  Thomas  Barton,  Esq.  and  Sir  Ri- 
chard Gardiner,  Lord  Mayor  of  London.  By  the  first  wife,  be 
had  two  sons;  Sir  Gilbert,  his  heir,  and  Sir  Humpbrey,'wbo  died 
without  issue;  also  two  daughters,  Catharine,  and  Ann. 

Tbesaid  SirGiLBBHT,hi3heir,Sheriffof  Worcester,  id  31  Hen. 
VIM.  died  on  October  22d,  1542,  having  been  also  twice  married; 
1.  To  Anne,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  WiUtain  Paston,  of  Pas- 
ton,  in  Norfolk  (by  Anne  bis  wife,  third  sister  and  coheir  of 
Edmund  Beaufort,  iburib  and  last  Duke  of  Somerset,  from  whose 
elder  brother,  Henry,  third  Duke  of  Somerset,  the  present  Duke 
of  Beaufort  is  descended)  i  and,  secondly,  to  Elizabeth,  widow  of 

■— W}'nter.     By  the  last  wife  he  bad  no  children;  but  by 

the  first  he  was  father  of  two  sons,  Humphrey  and  Walter,  who 
both  died  without  issue;  and  also  of  three  dliughters,  coheirs. 
1.  Margaret,  wedded  to  Sir  Robert  Newport,  of  Bnihock,  in 
Worceitenbire.    2.  Elizabeth,  married  to  Sir  JtdiD  Lyttelton,  of  - 


9*0  nSEEAGE  OB  ENGLAND. 

Travldcj,  ancestor  to  the  present  Lord  Lytteltcm.  And,  3.  Mary, 
wedded  to  Sir  Thomas  Astley,  of  P^eshuU^  in  Staffordshire,  from 
whom  the  late  Sir  John  Astley,  Bart,  one  of  the  Knights  in  par- 
liament for  the  county  of  Salop,  was  lineally  descended. 

Sir  Gilbert  Talbot,  of  Grafton,  who  died  on  September  19th, 
1516,  by  his  second  wife,  Ethdreda  Cotton,  aforesaid,  was  father 
of  an  only  son.  Sir  John  Talbot,  of  Albrighton,  in  Shropshire,  to 
whom  Thomas  Butler,  Earl  of  Ormoiid,  was  godfather. 

The  said  Sir  John  Talbot  was  Sheriff  of  the  county  of  Salop 
in  the  19th,  29th,  and  33d  of  Henry  VIII.  and  depart.td  this  life  • 
on  September  lOth,  1^49;  being  then  possessed  of  Grafton,  and 
the  other  &mily  estates  in  the  county  of  Worcester,  on  the  failure 
of  the  heirs  male  of  Sir  Gilbert,  his  brother  by  the  first  mar- 
riage. 

He  had  two  wives  5  first,  Margaret,  daughter  and  heir  of  Adam 
Troutbeck,  of  MobberLey,  in  Cheshire,  Esq.  and  heir  to  her 
vmcle.  Sir  William  Troutbeck  3  and,  secondly,  Elizabeth,  daugh- 
ter of  Walter  Wrottcsley,  of  Wrottesley,  in  Staffordshire,  Esq. 

Sir  J(^n,  by  his  first  wife,  had  Sir  John  Talbot,  of  Grafton, 
his  heir,  of  whom  the  present  Earl  of  Shrewsbury  is  descended, 
as  is  fully  narrated  in  his  Lordship*s  pedigree,  in  the  third  volume 
of  this  work« 

By  his  second  wife  (who  afterwards  wedded  William,  second 
son  of  Sir  John  Lyttelton,  of  Frankley,  aforesaid),  he  ijiras  father 
of  John  Talbot,  Esq.  who  had  ^e  seat  and  estate  of  Salwarp,  in 
"Worcestershire. 

This  John  Talbot,  of  Salwarp,  Esq.  married  Oliva,  daughter 
and  heir  of  Sir  William  Sherington,'^  of  Lacock  (or  Laycock),  in 
Wilts,  descended  from  an  ancient  family  in  Lancashire  ^  and, 
dying  in  1572,  left  by  her  three  sons;  viz.  1.  Sherington  Talbot, 
his  heir.     2.  John.    And>  3.  Thomas. 

John  Talbot,  the  second  son,  was  of  Badgworth,  in  Gloucester- 
shire, and  marrying  Mary,  daughter  and  heir  of  Thomas  Trimnel. 
of  Okeley,  in  Worcestershire,  by  her  was  father  of  John  Talbot, 
of  Okeley,  who  wedded  Margaret,  daughter  of  Thomas  Gower, 
of  Dro.itwich,  in  the  said  county,  and  had  issue. 

Thomas  Talbot,  third  son,  was  of  Worwill,  in  com.  Salop,  and 
espousing  Magdalene,  daughter  of  Sir  Marmaduke  Wyvill,  of 
Constable-Burton,  in  Yorkshire,  Knt.  and  Bart,  by  her  had  issue 
Robert  Talbot,  of  Wprvill,  who  had  tQ  wife  Anne,  daughter  pf 

»  Faller*«Wort^ei,  p.  ij^. 


r 


SAKL  TALBOT.  231 

Wittiam  Sheldon,  <£  Broadway,  in  com.  Wigorb,  by  whom  bo 
was  father  of  three  sons;  Thomas  Talbot,  of  Vforwill;  Gilbert^ 
and  George. 

Sbbrrimotow  Talbot,  the  eldest  son,  before-^mentioned,  suc- 
ceeded his  father  in  Salwarp  and  Lacock,  and  died  abcxit  rht  jear 
1640. 

This  Sherington  Talbot,  Esq.  had  two  wives;  first,  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Leighton,  the  elder,  by  Anne,  daughter 
of  Sir  Francis  Knollys,  K.G.**  of  Feckingharo,  in  U'orcestcrsbit*;, 
Knt.;  and,  secondly,  Mary,  daughter  of  John  Washborn,  of 
Wichenford,  in  the  county  of  Worcester. 

By  the  first  of  those  wives  he  had  six  sons,  from  whom  there 
is  no  surviving  male  issue.  Sir  Gilbert  Talbot,  one  of  the  young- 
est of  the  said  six  sons,  was  of  Christ  Church  College,  and  elect«Bi 
Fellow  of  All  Souls,  in  the  University  of  Oxford,  A.  D.  x62g. 
He  was  sent  Agent  to  Venice,  abodt  the  year  16363  ^t^d  afber« 
wards  sufiered  very  mt^ch  fbr  his  adherence  to  the  ro3ral  cause. 
He  was  one  of  the  first  Fellows;  also  one  of  the  Council  of  tht 
Royal  Society,  and  Master  of  the  Jewel-office  to  King  Chlnrl^  If. 
but  left  no  issue.  Sherington,  the  eldest  of  the  six  sons,  married', 
June  5th,  '       daughter  of  John  Lyttelton,  of  Frankley,  ih 

Worcestershire^  Esq,  and  had  only  one  son,  Sir  John  Talbot,  of 
Lacock,  who  died  in  February,  I714,  and  Was  buried  at  Laycock': 
he  had  by  his  wife,  Elizabeth,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  John  Keyt, 
of  Ebrington,  in  Worcestershire,  Bart,  a  son,  Sheringtoti,  who 
was  baptized  on  May  30th,  1756,  but  died  an  infant  (of  whom 
his  mother  died  in  childbed,  and  was  buried  at  Stow>  ih  Glou- 
cestershire) ;  and  three  daughters. 

The  three  daughters  of  Sir  John  Talbot,  of  Lacock,  knighted 
by  King  Charles  II.  were,  1.  Arine,  who  was  wedded  to  Sir 
John  Ivory,  and  by  him,  besidea  other  children,  had  Jbhn  Ivory 
Talbot,  of  Lacock,  who  was,  in  17 14,  elected  men>ber  forLng- 
gershall,  in  Wiltshire,  in  the  first  parliament  called  by  Gc»orge  I, 
and  Knight  of  the  shire  for  that  comity  in  the  two  first  summondd 
by  George  II.  and  by  Mary  his  wife,  youngest  daughter  of  Tho> 
mas,  the  first  Lord  Mansd,  and  sister  to  Bussy,  the  third  and 
last  Lord  Mansel^  was  father  of  John  Talbot,  who  served  fi>r 

^  S«e  Ocht.  Msg.  0tctmbcr,  1799,  P"  >^'3*  ^^  ^*'  J^*>  ^"^  BoQog- 
bnke,  Vok  Vt. 

Sir  John  St.  John,  nnified  the  odier  daiighcer  of 'S*i#  Thbaikt  Leighton » adiikirf 
who  wi».h«oiJkf  ol  Sir  Bdwtid  UgktoBy  of  Walfiekt^. '  St*  Baro&€ta|i^ 
IV.  p.  42.  i 


232  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

Marlboroogh^  in  Wiltsbire»  In  the  tenth  parliaoKDt  of  Great 
Britain,  which  first  met  on  business  on  November  I2tb,  1 747, 
21  George  11.^  2.  Barbara^  who  married  Henry  Yelverton,  Lord 
Giey  of  Rathynj  and  Viscount  Longueville^  and  by  biro  was  mo- 
ther of  Talbot,  created  Earl  of  Sussex,  besides  other  children. 
And,  3.  Gilberta. 

The  issue  of  Sberiogton  Talbot,  Esq.  by  bis  foresaid  seoond 
wife,  Mary,*^  daughter  of  John  Washborn,  of  Wicbenford,  Esq. 
were  four  sons. 

1 .  Greorge  Talbot,  of  Rudge,  in  com.  Salop ;  whose  only  daugh- 
ter and  heir,  Catharine,  was  married  to  Sir  Clement  Clarke,  of 
Lawnde-abbey,  in  com.  Leicest.  Bart, 

2.  Edward,  slain  in  the  civil  wars,  on  behalf  of  King 
Charles  L 

3.  William*    And, 

4.  Francis,  who  died  unmarried. 

The  said  William  Talbot,  third  son,  resided  at  Stourton- 
castle,  in  Staffordshire.  He  died  27th  March,  i6qQ,  and  has  a 
monument  in  Kinver  church,  in  which  parish  Stoarton-castle  is 
situated.  He  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Thomas  Doughty,  of 
Whittington,  in  com,  Wigom,  Esq.  by  whom  he  had  issue  Wil- 
liam Talbot,  Bishop  of  Durham,  and  two  daughters;  Catharine, 
who  had  to  her  fint  husband  Walter  Littleton,  of  Litchfield,  in 
com.  Stafford,  Esq.  5  and  to  her  second,  Lancelot  Blackburn, 
Archbishop  of  York,  but  died  without  bsuej  and  Frances,  mar- 
ried to  Samuel  Jewkes,  of  Wolverley,  in  com.  Wigom.  Esq. 

His  only  son  William,  late  Lord  Bishop  of  Durham,  was  bom 
at  Stourton-castle,  his  father's  seat}  and  having  his  education  ^  in 
Oriel  college  in  Oxford,  took  his  degree  of  Master  of  Arts,  on 
June  23d,  1080:^  he  was  nominated  s  by  King  William  to  the 
deanery  of  Worcester,  on  April  23d,  1691$  and,  on  September 
24tb,  Idgg,  was  ^consecrated  bishop  of  Oxford,  with  leave  to 
hold  his  deanery  in  commendam;  in  which  see  be  continued  till 
the  year  171^^  when  he  was  ^made  Bishop  of  Salisbury.    He  was 

^  Prom  whom  it  descended  the  present  Mr.  Talbot  of  Margam. 
*  There  it  a  memorial  for  Mary  Talbot,  widow,  who  deeeaaed  30th  March, 
166 If  at  KiAfer,  co.  Staff. 

«  Wood's  Faari  Oioa,  p.  488. 
f  Oftcof  hia  early  prefetmeots  waa  the  fahubk  Rectory  of  Bttr6eld,  near 
lUading,  in  Bexks,  in  the  patronage  of  the  Shrewsbury  family.  Which  wu  aftec* 
wiirds  held  for  many  years  by  another  of  tho  Talbot  family. 

S  (.ellen*!  Fasti  Scdca.  p.  50s.  k  jbid.  p.  ai9« 

>  Ibid,  p,  519. 


EARL  TALBOT.  233 

alto,  oa  SepCember  23d,  1722,  trandatfid  from  thence  to  (be  bi* 
sbopric  of  Durham,  of  which  countj  be  was  Lord  Lieotenant  and 
Gustos  Rotolorum.  His  Lordship  departed  this  life  on  October 
lOtfa,  1/30,  and  by  Catharine,  his  second  wife,'*  daughter  of  •-— — 
King,  Esq.  one  of  tbe  Aldermen  of  the  city  of  London,  had  issue 
eight  sons,  and  several  daughters;  of  which,  those  who  lived  to 
maturity,  were, 

1.  Charles,  first  Lord  Talbot,  Baron  of  Hensoll,  bom  in  l€84. 

2.  £dward  Talbot,  who  died  in  1 720,  Archdeacon  of  Berk- 
shire ;  a  gentleman  of  uncommon  parts,  erudition,  and  taste  for 
the  Belles  Lettres.  He  married  Mary,  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Mr. 
George  Martyn,  Prebendary  of  Lincoln,  b}i  whom  he  had  a  post- 
humous daughter,  Mrs.  Catharine  Talbot,  celebrated  for  her  piety 
and  genius,  who  died  unmarried,  January  gib,  1770.* 

3.  Sherington  Talbot,  born  on  ,  iGgg,  was  Cc^onel 
of  tiie  38th  regiment  of  foot,  and  Major-general  of  his  Majesty's 
forces,  and  died  on  November  1 8th,  1766,  distinguished  for  his 
accomplishments  as  a  gentleman,  for  his  military  sirill,  valour, 
and  humanity  as  an  oiEcer.  He  married,  first,  £lizabeth,  daugh- 
ter of  Henry  Medget,  Esq.  and  by  her  (who  died  in  October, 
1736),  lefl  issue  two  sons;  1.  William  Talbot,  L]^.D.  Vicar  of 
Kineton,  in  com.  Warwick,  and  Rector  of  St.  Giles's,  Reading, 
born  on  May  18th,  17^7^  and  died  March  2d,  1774.  He  married 
Sarah,  daughter  of  John  £yle8,  Esq.;  and,  2.  Charles  Henry  Tal- 
bot, born  on  October  30tb,  1720,  and  married  to  Anne,  only 
daughter  of  Thomas  Hassell,  Esq.  by  whom  he  had  issue  two 
sons,  Charles  and  George,  and  four  daughters.  The  said  Shering- 
ton married,  secondly,  Eleanora,  daughter  of  '  Hickford, 
Esq.  who  died  September  6th,  1749,  without  issuej  aad^  thirdly^ 
Charlotte,  daughter  of  Thomas  Freeman,  of  Antigua,  Esq.  by 
whom  he  left  issue  one  only  daughter,  named  Indiana,  bom  on 
August  15th,  1751. 

4.  Henry  Talbot,  bom  in  1^00,  one  of  the  Commissioners  of 
the  revenue  arising  by  the  duty  on  salt.  He  married,  first,  £H« 
zabeth,  daughter  of  Richard  Lloyd,  Esq.  by  whom  ha  had  issue 
one  only  daughter,  Ely,  wife  of  Thomas  Cornwall,  Esq.  a  Cap- 
tain in  his  Majesty's  navyj  and,  secondly,  Catharine,  daughter 

k  His  first  wife  w«s  daogbter  of  —  Crispe,  an  Attofaey  it  Chipping- 

Mottofl,  Co.  Oxford. 

t  See  a  Memoir  of  her  prefixed  to  tbe  last  edition  of  ber  Essajs,  1809,  by  the 
Rev.  Jiont9g«  Pconiogton  j  and  also  ber  Letters  in  the  Correspondence  of  Mrs. 
Elisabeth  Carter, 


234  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

of  Sir  Hugh  Clopton^  of  Stratford  upon  Avoo,  in  com.  Warwick, 
Koighty  who  died  on  May  17th,  1754,  without  issue. 

The  said  Bishop  of  Durham's  daughters  were,  Henrietta-Maria, 
who  married  Dr.  Charles  Trimnel,  Bishop  of  Winchester;  and, 
Catharine,  who  married  Exton  Sayer,  LL.D.  afterward  Chancel- 
lor of  Durham,  both  of  whom  died  without  issue. 

Charles,  first  Lord  Talbot,  aforesaid,  the  eldest  son  of 
Dr.  William  Talbot,  Bishop  of  Durham,  was  endowed  with  ad- 
mirable  talents,  which  were  improved  by  a  liberal  and  generous 
education,  suitable  to  the  dignity  of  his  extraction ;  and,  applying 
himself  to  the  study  of  the  laws,  advanced  himself,  by  real  merit, 
without  servility  or  the  arts  of  corruption.  Both  as  a  pleader 
and  a  judge,  he  displayed  an  uncommon  fund  of  knowledge  and 
eloquence;  and  manifested  an  inviolable  integrity  upon  all  occa-r 
8J00S.  Although  in  place,  he  maintained  the  independence  and 
spirit  of  the  most  celebrated  patriots  of  any  country  or  age  -,  he 
never  prostituted  the  power  of  office  to  ministerial  or  other  dic- 
tates, nor  ever  stained  it  by  an  act  of  avarice:  and  his  own  family 
and  kindred  were  not  the  sole  objects  of  his  care  and  beneficence; 
he  was  the  munificent  patron  of  literature  and  learned  men,  and 
the  sure  relief  of  the  distressed. 

He  was  elected  member  for  Tregony,  in  Cornwall,  upon  a  va- 
cancy, in  the  year  17 1 9>  to  the  B(th  parliament  of  Great  Britain ; 
ind  was  returned  for  the  city  of  Durham  to  the  two  succeeding 
parliaments. 

On  May  31st,  1717^  he  was  nominated  Solicitor-general  to 
Geozge  Prince  of  Wales,  the  late  King;  and,  on  April  22d,  1726, 
was  constituted  Solicitor-gener«il  to  King  Grcorge  L  He  continued 
in  that  post  till  Nov.  29th,  1733,  when  he  was  appointed  Lord 
High  Chancellor  of  Great  Britain,  and  at  the  same  time 
§wom  of  his  Majesty's  Privy. council.  He  was,  by  letters  patent, 
dated  on  December  ath  that  jear,  created  a  Peer  of  Great  Britain, 
by  the  name,  style,  and  title  of  Lord  Talbot,  Baron  ofHensol, 
in  the  county  of  Glamorgan:  in  August,  1734,  his  Lordship  was 
chosen  a  Governor  of  the  Charter-house.  And  on  February  14th> 
1737,.  died  in  his  office  of  Lord  Chancellor,  at  his  house  in  Lin* 
9oln*8-Inn-Fieids,  in  the  fifty-third  year  of  his  age,  universally 
honoured,  beloved,  and  justly  lamented,  as  a  great  national  loss. 
His  coffin  was  covered  with  crimson  velvet,  and  his  arms,  purse, 
mace,  and  the  regalia,  were  curiously  engraved  on  a  brass  plate 
gilt,  with  this  inscription  on  its 


EARL  TALBOT.  m 

Th0  Right  Himoufahh 

Charles  Lord  Talbot, 

Barwt  of  Hensol, 

Lord  High  Chancellor  of  England, 

And  one  of  his  Majesty* s  most  Honourable  Prwy-oouncil, 

<.  Died  Feb.  14,  1736-7, 

In  the  5Sd  year  of  his  age. 

His  Lordship  was  buried  on  Fcbraary  23d,  at  Barrington,  ia 
Gioqce$tersbire. 

This  uoblecDan,  who  added  lostre  to  the  peerage,  being  an  or* 
nament  to  bis  profession  and  his  country,  of  great  talents,  the 
most  virtuous  principles,  and  the  roost  kind,  and  amiable  dispoai- 
tion,  married  Cecil,  daughter  and  heir  of  Charles  Matthews,  of 
Castle-j-Menich,  in  Glamorganshire,  JBsq.  great  grand-daughter 
and  heir  of  David  Jenkins,  of  Hensol,  in  the  same  county,  Esq. 
one  of  the  Justices  of  South  "Wales,  distinguised  for  his  learning 
and  probity  in  hi»  profession,  his  steady  adherence  to  the  cause  of 
King  Charles  I.  and  magnanimous  opposition  to  the  uncoustiti:^ 
tional  measures  of  the  bouse  of  Commons.  By  that  Lady,  who 
departed  this  life  in  ^  17^0^  he  had  issue  £ve  sans, 

1.  Charles-Richard  Talbot,  a  promising  youth,  who  died  a 
bachelor  in  17B3»  aged  twenty-four  years,  celebrated  by  a  poem 
of  Thomson,  the  author  of  the  Seasons. 

2.  William,  £arl  Talbot. 

3.  John  Talbot,  who  was  chosen  member  of  parliament  for  tbe 
town  of  Brecon,  1734,  and  having  vacated  his  seat  by  acceptiog 
the  office  of  second  Justice  of  the  counties  of  Chester,  Flint, 
Denbigh,  and  Montgomery,  on  April  4th,  17^0,  he  was  re-el^ted 
for  the  same*  place,  for  which  he  also  served  in  the  two  succeed- 
ing  parliaments,  summoned  in  1741,  and  1747.  He  was  returned 
for  Uchester,  in  Somersetshire,  in  1754^  and  being  appointed  009 
of  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  Trade  and  the  Plantations,  in  17^^> 
he  vat  re-chosen  for  that  borough,  and  continued  to  represent  it^ 
until  he  died,  on  September  23d,  17^6,  highly  esteemed  for  his 
abilities  and  probity.  He  married,  first,  Henrietta-Maria,  dmighr 
ter  and  coheir  of  Sir  Matthew  Decker,  Bart,  who  died  in  Sep* 
tember  1747;  and,  secondly,  Catharine,  eldest  daugh^r  of  John, 
Id^  Viscount  Chetwynd,  of  Ireland,  by  whom  be  left  issue  four 

■>  Ske  4ied  ;it  Sntioiiy  iDtSiuyey,  the  i3tb  June,/ 1 924,  mlhetwcjityreiabtli 
year  of  bee  v«  j  aod  ky  her  own  desiii^  wv  buiied  iiv  the  chufch-yard  there* 


230  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

8008$  natnel/y  John  Chetwynd,  Lord  Talbot^  Charles,  George, 
and  William,  of  all  whom  hereafter. 

4.  Edward  Talbot>  who  died  an  infant. 

5.  George  Talbot^  D.  D.  Vicar  of  Gutting,  in  com.  Gloucester, 
whose  distinguished  virtues  gained  him  the  spontaneous  olfer 
from  his  present  Majesty,  of  the  bishopric  of  St.  David  in  1761 
(being  the  first  that  became  vacant  after  bis  Majesty's  accession), 
which  he  refused  to  accept.  He  married  Anne,  eldest  daughter 
of  Jacob,  late  Lord  Viscount  Folkstooe,  and  sister  to  the  late  Earl 
of  Radnor,  by  whom  he  has  issue,  1 .  Creorge^  bom  March  25thy 
17^ »  married,  January  4th,  1 789,  Charlotte  Drake,  youngest 
daughter  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Drake.  2.  Charles,  bom  October  26th, 
1762;  married,  June  27th,  l/Qd,  Elizabeth,  eldest  daughter  of 
Henry,  fifth  Duke  of  Beaufort,  K.  G.  3.  Anne,  born  December 
3 1st,  1764;  died  1767.  4.  Cecil,  bora  March  25th,  1768;  mar- 
ried John-Edmund  Chaniberlayne,  Esq.  of  Maugersbury,  in 
Gloucestershire.  5,  Louisa,  born  December  1st,  1772*  &nd  oaar- 
ried,  June  1 3th,  1797>  William  Agar,  Esq.  6.  Harriet,  bom 
April  22d,  1776,  died  I777. 

William,  first  Earl  Talbot,"  was  seated  at  Hensol,  in 
Glamorganshire,  in  the  lifetime  of  his  father,  and  represented 
that  county  in  parliament  from  1734,  till  he  succeeded  10  the 
peerage  by  his  father's  death.  His  Lordship  had  no  place  during 
the  reign  of  George  II.  but  on  the  accession  of  the  present  King, 
when  those  who  had  supported  the  patriotic  system  of  Frederick 
Prince  of  Wales  were  admitted  into  places  of  trast,  his  Lordship 
was  constituted  Lord  Steward  of  his  Majesty's  household  (in 
which  he  reformed  many  abuses),  and  was  sworn  of  his  most 
Hon.  Privy-council,  on  March  25th,  1 7^1 ;  having  been  advanced 
to  the  dignity  of  an  Earl  of  Great  Britain,  on  the  21st  of  that 
month,  by  the  name,  style,  and  title,  of  Earl  Talbot,  with  Tt* 
mainder  to  his  heirs  male.  As  Lord  Steward  of  the  household, 
be  walked  at  the  nuptial  procession  of  their  Majesties,  on  Septem- 
ber 8tli,  17619  taking  place  of  all  Earls  by  virtue  of  his  ofBos.  At 
the  splemnity  of  their  coronation,  on  the  22d  of  that  month,  his 
Lordship,  as  Lord  High  Steward  of  England,  carried  St.  Edward's 
Crown;  pronounced  the  words  of  homage  to  his  Majesty,  in 
name  of  the  Earls;  and  attended  Mr.  Dymocke,  the  Champion, 
when  hfi  made  the  formal  challenge.  His  Lordship,  both  in  and 
out  of  place,  uniformly  supported  the  character  of  an  indepen* 
dent  Peer,  and  verified  his  assertion,  that  he  would  not  forfeit 
it  for  the  smiles  of  a  court,  or  the  profits  of  an  employment 


EARL  TALBOT.  23/ 

His  Lorddiip  was  al8o.LL.D.  and  Colonel  of  the  Militia  of  Gla* 
morgansbire. 

Id  February,  1733-4,  his  Lordship  married  Mary  de  Cardonel, 
«ole  daughter  and  heir  (she  being  then  only  fifteen  years  of  age), 
of  Adam  de  Cardonnel,  of  Bedbampton  Park,  in  the  county  of 
Southampton,  Esq.  Secretary  at  War  at  home,  and  to  the  army 
in  Flanders,  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne,  and  representative  in 
three  parliaments  for  the  town  of  Southampton  j  who  having  dis^ 
charged  with  great  honour  and  distinguished  abilities,  the  several 
public  emplo3rments  through  which  he  had  passed.  King  George  h 
was  pleased  to  honour  him  with  repeated  offers  of  making  him 
Secretary  of  State }  which,  however,  he  declined,  having  prede- 
termined never  to  engage  again  in  public  affairs.  By  her  he  had 
one  son,  William,  who  died  an  infant;  and  a  daughter,  Cecil,  born 
in  July  1735,  and  married,  on  August  l6th,  1756,  to  Geoige  Rice, 
EftQ.  of  Newton,  in  Carmarthenshire,  one  of  the  Lords  Commis- 
sioners of  Trade  and  the  Plantations,  and  Knight  in  parliament 
for  that  county,  of  which  he  was  also  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Gustos 
Botolorum.  This  Lady  succeeded,  on  the  death  of  her  father, 
27th  April,  1783,  to  the  title  of  Baroness  Dinevor. 

His  Lordship  died  at  his  house  in  Lincoln*s-Inn-Fields,  27th 
April,  1782,  on  which  the  earldom  became  extinct ;  but  having 
been  created  Bakon  Dinbvor,  on  29th  September,  J780,  with 
remainder  to  his  daughter.  Lady  Cecil  Rice,  she  succeeded  to  that 
Barony,  and  the  Barony  of  Ttdhot  descended  to  his  nephew  and 
heir-male,  John-Chetwynd  Talbot. 

To  return  therefore  to  the  Hon.  John  Talbot,  his  Lordship*s 
younger  brother,  who  died  before  him  in  17^6,  as  already  men- 
tioned.   This  John  had  issue, 

1.  John  Chetwynd,  third  Lord  Talbot. 

2.  Charles,  bom,  June  30th,  1752. 

3.  George^  in  holy  orders,  born  June  6th,  17S6,  married,  May 
23d,  1794,  Anne,  daughter  of  the  Hon.  Topham  Beauclerk. 

4.  William-Henry,  a  Captain  of  dragoons,  bom  in  1754,  died 
omnarried  in  1782* 

5.  Edward  died  an  infant. 

JoHH  Chbtwtnd,  eldest  son,  succeeded  his  uncle  Ss  thiho 
Baron  Talbot,  on  April  27th,  1782,  and  was  created  Viscount 
qflngestrie,  co.  Staffs,  and  Eakl  Talbot,  of  Hensol,  in  Glamor- 
ganshire, by  patent,  bearing  date  July  3d,  1784. 

His  Lordship  died  May  19th,  1793$  having  married,  May  7tb, 


23S  PfiERAGB  OF  ENGLAND. 

r77d,  Lady  Charlotte,  daughter  of  Wills  Hill,  first  Marqots  of 
DowDsbtre,  and  byher^  who  died  January  i^th,  1804,  left  issue^ 

1.  Charles  Chetwynd,  present  Earl. 

2.  John,  bom  April  4th,  1779. 

Charlbs  Chbtwyno  succeeded  his  father  as  sbcond  Bar! 
Talbot  of  the  new  creation. 

His  Lordship  was  bom  April  25th,  1777,  and  married,  August 
28th,  1800,  FrancesHiomasine  Lambart,  eldest  daughter  of 
Charles  Lambart,  of  Beau  Park,  in  Ireland,  Esq.  by  Frances, 
sister  of  John  Dutton,  Lord  Sherborne,  by  whom  he  has 

Frances-Charlotte,  born  May  17th,  1801, 

Charles-Thomas,  Fisconnt  Ingestrie,  bom  July  11th,  1802. 

A  son,  bora  November  8th,  1803. 

And  another  son,  born  May  31st,  1806. 

Titles,  Charles  Chetwynd  Talbot,  Earl  Talbot,  Lord  Talbot, 
Baron  of  Hensol. 

Creations.  Baron  Talbot,  of  Hensol,  in  the  county  of  Glamor- 
gan, on  December  5tb  (1733)>  7  George  IL  3  and  Earl  Talbot, 
July  3d,  1784,  1  George  IIL 

Arms,  Gules,  a  lion  rampant,  within  a  border  engrailed.  Or, 
A  crescent  difference. 

Crest.  On  a  chapeau.  Gules,  turned  up  ermine^  a  lion,  Or,  his. 
tail  extended. 

Supporters,  On  each  side,  a  talbot.  Argent,  collared  with  a 
double  tressure  fieury,  counter  fleury.  Gules. 

Motto,      HuMANI    NIHIL    ALIBNUlf. 

Chief  Seat,    Ingestrie,  Staffordshire. 


GR03VEN0II  EAEL  GRO3VEN0R 


grosvenOr  earl  GROSVENOR- 

Thib  noble  family  is  descended  from  a  long  train,  in  the  male 
line,  of  illustrious  ancestors,  who  flouriibcd  in  Normandy,  with 
great  dignity  and  grandenr,  from  the  time  of  its  first  erection  {nto 
a  sovercigo  dukedom.  A.  D.  gi2,  (o  the  Conquest  of  England,  in 
the  year  1066)  having  been  always  ranked  among  ihe  foremost 
there,  either  for  nobleness  of  blood  or  power)  and  having  had  the 
gofcrnmeDt  of  many  casiles  and  strong  holds  in  that  duchy,  and 
likewise  the  possession  of  the  honourable  and  powerful  office  of 
Le  6roreDour}  it  is  certain,  that  from  that  place  of  high  trust 
they  took  ttieir  surname,  which  has  been  variously  written  Gros- 
venor,  Le  Grosvenor,  Le  Grosvenour,  Grovenor,  Le  Grovcneur, 
and  Le  Grovenonr. 

The  patriarch  of  this  ancient  hoose  was  an  uncle  of  RoIIo,  the 
famous  Dane;  and  one  of  the  principal  commanders,  who,  A.  D. 
6J6,  accoaipaDicd  him  in  his  descent  upon  England,  where  that 
renowned  chieftain  proposed  to  fix  an  abode  for  himself  and 
Danish  cc  Norman  followers;  but  finding  his  countrymen  niasters 
of  ihe  best  part  of  that  kingdom,  and  Alfred  fike  Great),  In  a 
coDdilion  to  maintain  Ihe  reitj  he  set  sail  for  France,  in  hopes  of 
obtaining  a  settlement  there;  and  the  event  answered  his  expec- 
tatioQ.  Rollo  got  such  firm  footiog  in  Neustria  (to  which  he 
gave  tlifl  name  of  NormandgJ,  that  it  was  not  in  tha  power  of  the 
FrcDch  to  drive  liiiQ  out}  and  their  sovercignj  Charles,  styled  the 
^mpli,  was  fi)roed,  in  order  to  free  himself  from  the  continual 
dread  of  so  potent  and  eoterpriring  a  neighbour,  to  grant  him 
that  part  of  Nenitria,  then  in  the  hands  of  the  victorious  Danes, 
iittMte  between  the  Srine  and  the  Epte,  with  the  title  of  Dtiie  of 
Norwtaady,  This  happened  in  the  year  912,  when  Edward  (com- 


240  PEKRAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

• 

monly  called  the  Elder) ^  swayed  the  English  sceptre:  and  RoUo, 
according  to  agreemcDt^  embraciog  the  Christlaa  faith,  was  bap- 
bized>  did  hocnage  to  the  French  monarch,  and  married  Giselle, 
or  Gisela,  bis  sister,  by  some  called  bis  daughter.  Rollo  having 
thus  obtained  that  fine  proviope,  liberally  rewarded  his  kinsmen, 
companions,  and  fellow  adventurers. 

In  the  year  1066,  William,  seventh  Duke  of  Normandy,  though 
an  illegitimate  son  of  Robert,  the  sixth  Duke,  whose  father,  Ri- 
chard II.  the  fourth  Duke,  was  great  grandson  to  the  before- 
mentioned  Rollo,  landed  at  Pevensey  (now  Pemsey),  in  Sussex, 
on  September  29th  i  and  having  vanquished  and  sbin  Harold  II. 
in  an  engagement,  on  October  I4th,  at  a  place  since  known  by 
the  name  of  Battle-abbey,  a  few  miles  from  Hastings,  got  himself 
acknowledged.  King  of  England,  and  was  crowned  on  Christmas- 
day,  that  year. 

Among  the  attendants  of  the  said  William,  Duke  of  Normandy, 
in  that  victorious  expedition  into  England,  were  his  two  uterine 
brothers,  Robert,  Earl  of  Mortaigne,  in  the  duchy  of  Normandy 
(who  aftprwards  got  the  earldom  of  Cornwall),  and  Odo,  Bishop 
of  Bajeux,  in  the  said  duchy  (created  Earl  of  Kent,  in  IO67)  with 
Hugh  Lupus,  Count  of  Avranches,  who  by  his  mother  was  their 
nephew  (of  whom  mention  will  be  made  as  Earl  of  Chester),  and 
Gilbert  lx  Grosvemor,  nephew  to  the  said  Hugh;  as  is  evi- 
dent from  a  record,  preserved  in  the  Tower  of  London,  concern* 
ing  a  famous  plea  (which  shall  in  its  proper  place  be  taken  due 
notice  of),  in  a  court  of  chivalry,  with  relation  to  a  Coat  of  Arms 
claimed  by  Sir  Richard  le  Scrope  (who  had  been  Lord  High  Chan- 
cellor of  England  in  1382),  and  Sir  Robert  le  Grosvjsnor.        ^ 

The  said  Hugh  Lupus,  Earl  of  Avranches,  in  Normandy,  ne- 
phew to  King  William,  the  Conqueror,  and  uncle  to  Gilbert  le 
Gros\enor  aforesaid,  got  the  whole  earldom  and  county  of  Ches- 
ter from  his  uncle.  King  William,  in  10/0,  the  fourth  year  of  his 
reign,  to  he  holden  as  freely  by  Jus  sword,  as  the  King  himself  held 
England  by  his  crown :  and,  after  the  battle  of  Namptwich,  parted 
with  the  lordship  of  Lostock,  and  gave  one  m<Mety,  which  was 
called  Nether-Lostock,  to  Sir  Hugh  Rowchamp  (prc^enitor  to 
John  de  Holford,  hereafter  mentioned  in  the  armorial  contest), 
and  the  other  moiety,  called  Over  Lostock,  to  Robert  le  Gros- 
venor,  the  son  of  Gilbert  le  Grosvemor,  aforesaid,  and  whi,ch  con- 
tinued with  his  heirs  male  descendants  until  the  year  1465,  When 
it  was  partitioned  with  other  lands  among  the  cohdra  of  Robert 
le  Grosvenor,  after -mentioned. 


SARL  6ROSV£NOR.  241 

In  Doorosday-Book^  begua  in  1060^  and  finished  In  1086,  it  is 
recorded^  that  the  before-mentiooed  Hugh,  Earl  of  Chester,  had 
among  other  possessions.  Lay,  Codynton,  prope  Famdon,  and 
iittle-Badworth,  which  he  afterwards  bestowed  upon  this  family. 

Cotemporary  with  the  said  Hagh,  £arl  of  Cheater,  who  de- 
parted this  life,  A.  D.  1 103,  there  appear  others  persons  of  the 
name  of  Grosvenor:  for  in  IO93,  when  that  nobleman,  then  ad- 
vanced in  years,  and  disposed  to  several  works  of  piety  (of  which 
his  munificence  to  the  monastery  of  £ec,  and  the  foundation  of 
St.  Sevems,  in  Normandy,  are  instances),  founded  a  new  convent 
for  monks  of  the  Benedictine  order,  in  his  city  of  Chester,  and 
endowed  it  very  largely,  we  find  Ranulph  le  Grosvenor,  and  £r- 
noise  le  Grosvenor,  witnesses  to  his  charter,  now  in  the  custody 
of  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Chester.  By  the  same  charter,  hin 
Lordship  allowed  each  of  his  principal  Barons  to  give  C  s.  per 
asmum  land  thereto,  and  all  others,  as  much  as  they  were  able  to 
bestow,  &c. 

Amongst  his  Barons,  and  great  men,  who  were  the  next  beue« 
factors  to  the  said  Benedictine  abbey,  we  meet  with  several  of  the 
family  who  gave  lands  in  Lostock,  Contintuue,  Lay,  Bradford, 
Namptwich,  and  Brocktune,  as  appears  by  the  confirmation  of 
Richard,  second  £arl  of  Chester,  son  of  Hugh  aforesaid,,  dated  at 
Gralam,  A.  D.  11 19.  They  likewise  gave  benefactions  to  their 
Dode's  foundation  of  Bee  and  St.  Severus,  in  Normandy. 

Also  cotemporary  with  the  befbrementioned  Hugh  Lupus,  £ari 
of  Chester,  and  Robert  le  Grosvenor,  lived  Ulger  le  Grosvenor, 
whose  name  occurs  among  the  commanders  who,  A.  D.  1102, 
garrisoned  the  castle  of  Bridgnorth,  in  Shropshire,  in  behalf  of 
Robert  de  Bdesme,  Earl  of  Arundel  and  Shrewsbury,  who  had 
incorred  the  displeasure  of  King  Henry  I.  for  asserting  the  claim 
of  his  brother,  Robert,  Duke  of  Nonnandy,  the  eldest  son  of  King 
William,  the  Conqueror. 

The  said  Robert  le  Grosvenor,  who  got  Over-Lostock  from 
Hugh,  Earl  of  Chester,  and  was  son  of  Gilbert  le  Grosvenor,  who 
came  to  England,  A.  D.  1066,  with  WiUiam,  the  Conqueror,  was 
succeeded  by 

Hbket  le  Grosvenor,  his  son  and  heir,  who  was  father  of 

Raupx  le  Grosvenor,  who  adhered  to  the  cause  of  the  Empress 
Maud  against  King  Stephen.  He  was  with  his  cousin,  Ranulph 
de  Gemoniis,  fourth  Earl  of  Chester,  at  the  battle  of  Lincoln,  on 
February  2d|  1141,  6  Steph.  when  that  prince  vras  made  prisoner; 

VOL.  V.  R 


242  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

but  being  with  the  same  Earl  about  two  yean  aftenraidsy  lad 
the  misfortune  to  be  taken  by  his  adfersaries. 

Robert  le  Grosvenpr,  successor  to  the  said  Baufe,  engaged  in 
the  crusade  with  King  Richard  L  for  the  recovery  of  the  Holy 
Land,  and  was  with  that  courageous  Monarch  in  Sicily,  A.D.  1  igQ, 
when  he  assanlted  and  took  Messiifa,  in  revenge  of  King  Tancred*a 
expe>Hng  the  English  soldiers  for  some  abuses  they  had  commit- 
ted there:  iMit  Richard  having  displayed  his  banners  on  the  walls 
of  chat  part  of  the  town  allotted  to  the  Frcncb,  PhiMp  U.  (sur- 
named  JugusiusJ,  their  Sovereign,  resented  it  as^  a  great  indig« 
«ity ;  and  though  the  King  of  England  ordered  hit  banners  to  bo 
taken  down^  snd  declared  that  lie  had  no  intention,  by  erecting 
them/  ta  offend  Philip,  yet  there  arose  such  dissention  between 
them,  as  in  the  sequel  proved  very  prejudicial  to  the  cause  in 
which  they  had  mutually  embarked.    The  said  Robert  le  Gros- 
venor  was  likewise,  in  II91,  with  King  Richard,  at  the  conquest 
of  the  island  of  Cyprus,  where  some  of  the  English  forces  had 
been  wrecked,  and  barbarously  treated  by  Isaac,  who  had  usurped 
the  government,  and  professed  the  Christian  religion,  as  well  as 
the  before-mentioned  Tancred,  of  Sicily,  who  was  abo  an  fisurper. 
He  assisted,  besides,  at  the  siege  of  Aeon,  Acres,  or  Ptolemais,  in 
Palestine,  which,  after  being  above  two  years  beleagured  by  the 
Christian  forces,  was  surrendered,  by  Saladin,  Sultan  of  Egypt, 
on  July  12th,  II91 ;  and,  in  the  year  ensuing,  at  the  menoorable 
victory  obtained  over  Saladin,  by  which  Richard  became  suister 
•f  Joppa  (or  Jaf!^),  Ascalon,  and  Csesarea. 

The  next  in  descent  to  the  said  Robert,  was, 

Richard  leGrosvenor,  who,  in  1234,  purchased  Hulme  (some^ 
times  also  written  Holme,  and  Houlme,  in  Allostock,  and  Nether- 
Lostock,  of  Gralam,  son  of  Richard  de  Runchamp,  whose  father 
was  Henry  de  Runchamp,  lord  of  Nether*Lo8tock.  It  appears  by 
a  deed  bearing  date  in  the  year  ]  26g,  lately  in  the  possession  of 
—  Shakericy,  of  Hulme,  that  it  was  agreed  between  the  Prior 
and  Convent  of  Norton,  of  the  one  part,  and  Richard  le  Grosve- 
nor,  and  other  parishioners  of  Nether-Pever  chapel,  on  the  other 
part,  that  the  Prior  of  Norton  should  find  them  a  seeular  chaplain 
to  say  divine  service,  &c.  and  that  the  parishioners  should  pro- 
vide books,  vestments,  vessels,  and  other  ornaments  of  the  church 
at  their  own  costs. 

The  said  Richard  le  Grosvenor  was  succeeded  by  his  boo,  Ro- 
bert le  Groivenor  J  and  probably  waa  also  father  of  Richacd  le 


EARL  GROSVENOR.  243 

Cirosvenor^  who  hdd  the  manor  of  Badworth,  in  le  Frith,  with 
its  appurtenances^  of  our  Lord  the  King^  as  Earl  of  Chester,  in 
capiie,  by  the  service  of  one  knight's  fee,  A.D.  1295,  23  Edw.  L 
as  appears  by  the  Red  Book  in  the  Exchequer. 

TTie  last  mentioned  Robert  le  Grosvcnor  succeeded  his  father, 
Richard  le  Grosvenor,  in  the  lands  of  Hulmc,  and  purchased 
Nether- Pever,  in  Edward  I/s  reigni  in  the  12th,  J  3th,  14th,  15th, 
and  16th  years  of  which,  he  served  the  office  of  Sheriff  of  Chester; 
and  in  that  reign  was  also  in  the  wars  of  Scotland.    He  married 
— — ,  one  of  the  seven  daughters  of  William  de  Mobberley,  of 
Mobberly;  in  Cheshire,  Esq.  by  his  second  wife,  Maud,  daughter 
and  heir  of  Robert  Downes,  of  Chorley,  jujcta  Werford.    The 
before-named  William  t(e  Mobberley  was  Sheriff  of  Chester,  A.D. 
rs  Id,  and  by  his  first  wife  had  Sir  Raufe  de  Mobberley,  who  died 
without  issue,  in  France,  A.D.  I36l,  and  a  daughter.  Cicely, 
who,  in  1329,  wedded  John  DumviUe,  the  younger,  of  Mobber- 
ley.   Upon  the  death  of  the  said  Sir  Raufe  de  Mobberley,  who 
had  succeeded  his  father,  William,  in  1327,  the  said  Cicely,  his 
sister,  inherited  the  estate  of  Mobberley  |  and  his  sisters  of  the 
half  blood  (whereof  one  was  wife  of  Robert  le  Grostenor,  and 
another,  Mary,  was  married  to  Nicholas  Leicester,  of  Tabley,  Iq 
Cheshire),  became  coheirs  to  their  mother's  lands  in  Chorley. 
The  beforementioned  Robert  le  Grosvenor,  of  Hulme  and  Nether« 
Fever,  had,  by  his  said  wife,  one  of  William  de  Mobberley's 
daughters  of  the  second  niarriage,  a  son.  Sir  Robert  le  Grosvenor, 
his  heif,  and  several  daughters,  whereof  *  Mary  was  wife  to  Ed- 
mand  Sherafd,  ancestor  to  the  present  Earl  of  Harborough;  Joan, 
wife  to  Anthony  Pawlet;  Alice,  to  Henry  Denton;  and  Marga- 
ret, married  to  Ralph  Allen,  of  Cheshire. 

Sir  Robert  le  Grosvenor,  son  and  heir  to  Robert  le  Grosvenor, 
aforesaid,  accompanied  King  Edward  III.  when  he  besieged 
Vannes,  la  Brittany,  A.D.  1342,  and  was  with  him  at  the  pas- 
sage of  the  river  Somme,  on  Friddy,  August  25th,  1 346,  and  next 
day  at  the  memorable  battle  of  Cressy  (or  Crecy),  as  also  at  the 
siege  of  Calais,  which  began  on  September  8th,  that  year,  and 
continued  till  August  4th  following.  This  Sir  Robert  le  Grosve- 
nor wedded  Emma,  daughter  to  Waring  de  Maynwaring,  of  Fe- 
ver j  and  by  her  had 

Raufe  le  Ghrosvenor,  who  succeeded  him  in  his  lands  of  Hulme, 
Nether*Fever,  &c.*  and  was  father  of 

*  St.  Gcorge*f  MSt  Batonag«  prxdict. 


i 


244  P££EAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Sir  RoBBKT  le  Grosvenor,  who  had  the  famous  plea^^  before- 
mentioned,  with  Sir  Richard  le  Scrope,  about  a  Coat  of  Arms^ 
viz.     A%ure,  one  Bend,  Or,    This  suit  (in  which  Sir  Richard  le 
Scrope  was  plaintiff,  and  Sir  Robert  le  Grosvenor,  defendant), 
was  tried  before  the  High  Constable  and  High  Marshal  of  Eng- 
land, and  others  commissioned  for  that  purpose ;  and  lasted  three 
years,  not  being  decided  until  1389,  ^^e  ]  2th  year  of  the  reign  of 
King  Richard  II.    The  Judges  proceeded  upon  the  evidence  of 
old  Chronicles,  ancient  Deeds,  and  old  Records  of  Monasteries, 
&c.   then  produced,  and  upon  the  testimony  of  the  following 
Nobility  and  Gentlemen,  then  bearing  Arms,  viz.  John,  Duke  of 
Lancaster,  King  of  Castile  and  Leon,  the  Earl  of  Derby,  the  Earl 
of  Arundel,   the  Lord  D*Arcy,  the  Lord  Grey  of  Rutbyn,  the 
Earl  of  Northumbetland,  the  Duke  of  Warwick,  the  Lord  Poyn- 
ings,  Stephen,  Abbot  of  Vale-Royal,  of  the  Cestertian  order.  Sir 
Owen  de  Glendore,  Sir  John  le  Massy,  de  Podington,  Knight- 
Banneret,  Sir  Laurence  de  Dutton,  Knight-Banneret,  Sir  Hugh 
de  Browe,  Knight^Banneret,   Richard  de  Menlegh,   Robert  de 
Puseldon,  Morgan  de  Yonge,  John  de  (lanmere,  John  Decka, 
Tudor  de  Glandore,  Howell  de  Eton,  James  de  Eton,  Thomas 
Sampeer,  Sir  William  de  Brereton,  Knight- Banneret,  Thomas 
de  Davenport,  John  de  Leycestre,  Raufe  de  Leycestre,  Hugh  de 
HuUe,  Richard  de  Legh,  Richard  de  Vernon,  Thomas  de  Legh, 
de  Northwolde,  John  de  Massy,  Hugh  de  Legh,  Sir  William  de 
Legh,  Kmght-Banneret,  Sir  William  de  Atherton,  Knight- Ban" 
netet.  Sir  Roger  de  Pilkington,  Knight-Banneret,  Raufe  de  Lang^ 
.  ton.  Baron  de  Newton,  Henry  de  Rixton,  Roger  de  Bradshagh, 
John  de  Haddock,  Raufe  de  Standish,  William  de  Cbisnall,  John 
de  Ashurst,   Richard  de  Atherton,   Matthew  de  Sothworth,   Sir 
William  de  Atherton,  Knt.    Matthew  de  Haidock,  Roger  de 
Atherton,  Robert  de  Par,  Henry  de  Tildeslegh,  Gilbert  de  Cul- 
cheth,  Hugh  de  Winstanlegh,  Matthew  de  Tildeslegh,  Henry 
de  Par,  John  dc  Holcroft,  Sir  Richard  de  Bold,  Knight- Banneret, 
Aleyn  de  Rixton,  Richard  de  Masse,  de  Rixton,  Gilbert  de  Burgg, 
Hugh  de  Wdston,  William  de  Moston,  Randulph  de  Manwaring, 
William  de  Stanlegh,  John  Main  waring,  Geoffrey  de  Boydell, 
Sir  John  de  Ashton,  Knight- Banneret,  John  Pygot,  Robert  dc 
Stanlegh,  Esq.  WiUiam  de  Hulmc,  Esq.*  Johtt  de  Cliffe,  de  Mac- 
clesfield, Esq.  John  Fitz-Richard,  de  Sutton,  Esq.  Robert  de 
Holland,  John  de  Holland,  Raufe  de  Stanlqgb,  Joan  de  Rade* 

^  See  the  account  of  it  in  Oodwin'e  Life  of  Cheocer. 


f 


EARL  GROSVENOR.  24S 

cleve»  dt  Dordeshall,  John  de  Dockenfield,  Esq.  Thomas  dc 
HaschtoD,  John  de  hcgh,  GeofFrejr  de  Legb^  William  de  Sodiog- 
toD,  Robert  de  Dewnes,  John  de  Davenport^  de  Bromball,  John 
de  Dokenfeld,  €reof&ey  de  Vernon, ,  Robert  fie  Hyde,  John  de 
Henford,  Geoffrey  Massy,  Nicholas  de  RixtoUi  Robert  le  Prior 
de  ■■'  f  William  de  Tranmer,  Thomas  le  Vernon,  John  Bo« 
tder,  dc  Vertoo,  William  del  Slene,  Nicholas  Orrel,  Roger  de 
Barton,  Robert  de  Pilkington,  de  Rorrington,  Yonet  de  Bradshaw, 
John  deTrafibrd,*  Thomas  de  Fjmnington,  John  de  Urmiston, 
John  de  Horneby,  Sir  Thomas  Fleminge,  Knight-Banneret,  Ed^ 
mund  de  Dacre,  John  de  Bache,  John  de  Raudford,  Sir  John  de 
DaltoD,  Knight' Banneret,  Andrew  de  Levere,  Richard  de  Hil* 
ton,  Edward  de  Lathum,  Robert  de  Wastbynton,  Robert  de 
Bradshawe,  Sir  Robert  de  Hassal,  Thomas  Hesketh,  Nicholas  de 
I^igby,  Thomas  de  Halghton,  Henry  Bradshawe,  Richard  Talbot, 
William  de  Hilton,  Richarde  de  Holland,  Thomas  de  Merbory, 
John  de  Halum,  William  de  Legh,  David  de  Cruwe,  David  de 
Malpas,  John  Dann,  de  (Jtkinton,  Henry  de  Buston,  John  de 
Etoan,  Hugh  de  Coton^  Raufe  de  Egerton,  Robert  de  Colwich, 
Abbot  of  the  abby  of  Combermere,  William  Danyell,  Roger  de 
MddQWorth,  Robert  Danyell,  Robert  de  Hassall,  John  de  Fro- 
desham,  Hagh  de  Cotton,  John  de  Burghe,  John  de  Holford, 
[before^mentioned,  then  of  the  age  of  forty-four  years],  and  Wil- 
liam de  Merston,  Abbot  of  St.  Warburge,  de  Chester. — Many 
or  some  of  these  deposed  their  having  seen  in  the  Chronicles,  old 
Deeds,  and  other  Records  of  Monasteries,  that  Hugh  Lupui^ 
commonly  called  the  first  Earl  of  Chester  (after  the  Conquest  )> 
nephew  to  William  the  Qmqueror,  of  England,  came  into  £ng« 
land  with  the  said  William,  and  with  the  said  Earl  Hugh,  came 
one  Grilbert  le  Grosvenor,  nephew  to  the  said  Earl  Hugh,  armed 
with  the  arms  aforesaid^  viz.  Axure,  one  Bend,  (COr,  and  that  he 
bore  the  same  to  his  death  3  that  from  the  said  Gilbert  descended 
Robert,  hb  son  and  heir,  and  that  he  used  the  same  arms  all  his 
time;  that  from  the  said  Robert  came  one  Henry,  and  from  Henry 
came  Raufe,  and  from  Raufe  came  Robert,  and  from  the  said 
Robert  came  another  Robert,  and  from  that  Robert  came  Raufe^ 
and  that  from  that  same  Raufe  came  Sir  Robert  le  Grosvenor,  the 
defendant  of  these  arms  3  which  arms  all  and  every  of  them^ 
aforesaid,  have  successively,  and  by  right  of  male  descent  borne, 
and  the  same  used  peaceably  and  quietly,  without  the  claim  or 
challenge  of  any  one  whatsoever,  down  to  the  present  contest^ 
occasioned  by  Sir  Richard  le  Scrope  being  anned  with  these  arms^ 


46  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

as  well  as  Sir  Robert  le  Grosvenor^  in  the  late  exptititioD  of 
•Monsieur  the  King  into  Scotland,  and  except  that  Sir  John  Dai 
oierB,  or  Danyell,  of  Tabley,  in  Cheshire,  KtUght^Banneret,  io 
behalf  of  the  said  Sir  Robert  le  Grosvenor  (who  was  then  his  son- 
in-law,  and  an  infant),  challenged,  in  France,  an  £sqaire,  of 
Cornwall,  one  Carminaw  [or  Carminow],  by  name,  upon  seeing 
him  armed  with  the  said  arms,  and  that  the  said  Sir  John  Danyell 
did  maintain  the  said  armes  in  battaile  against  him.  They  fori 
ther  deposed,  that  they  bad  heard  ftom  personi  of  rank,  and  an- 
cient  people  whom  they  could  believe  and  credit,  that  all  and 
every  of  the  aforesaid  ancestors  of  the  said  Sir  Robert  le  Gnw- 
venor  had  always  borne  and  used  the  said  arms,  and  that  this  was 
the  common  and  received  opinion  of  the  matter  throughout  the 
county  of  Chester,  and  in  other  parts  and  counties  adjacent: 
and  they  or  some  of  them  further  deposed,  that  he,  the  said  Sir 
Robert  le  Grosvenor,  armed  with  these  arms,  accompanied,  and 
was  harbenger  to.  Sir  James  d*Audley,  then  Lieutenant  to  the 
Lord  Edward,  Frioce  of  Wales,  commonly  called  Edward  ike 
Black  Prince^  for  seventeen  years  last  past,  and  was  in  Benj, 
Algayne,  del  Tout  de  Brose,  &  a  hsendon  bf  ^  la  siege  dt  Rock^ 
sirion,  en  Peyio,  en  Gyan,  isf  a  Fiers  en  Normandi,  fsT  e»  ba^ 
taHe  de  PoicHers  (when  the  said  Sir  James  d*Audley  gained  the 
greatest  hononr  for  his  extraordinary  valour,  and  his  bounty  and 
generosity  to  his  Esquires  and  followers),  and  that  the  said  Sir 
Robert  le  Grosvenor,  being  armed  as  aforesaid,  was  at  the  victory 
'of  Najara,  in  Spain,  1367,  ^^^  ^^^^  ^^^  said  Lord  Edward,  the 
Prince,  in  his  last  action,  at  Limoges,.  137Q«  It  was  likewise 
proved,  that  Raufe  le  Grosvenor,  an  ancestor  of  the  said  Sir  Ro- 
bert,  was  at  Lincoln,  with  his  cousin,  Ranulph»  Earl  of  Chester, 
and  armed  as  aforesaid,  1141,  when  King  Stephen  was  taken  pri-^ 
aoner;  and  again,  1 143«  with  his  said  cousin,  the  Earl  of  Chesteri 
when  he  was  pursued,  and  himself  taken  prisoner. 

The  before*mentioned  conveyance,  made  by  the  8ai4  Hugh 
Lnpns,  Earl  of  Chester,  of  the  lands  of  Over-Lostock^  to  Robert 
le  Grosvenor,  the  son  of  Gilbert,  was  also  attested,  during  the 
course  of  the  trial ;  and  that  the  said  lands  were  then  part  of  the 
inheritance  of  the  said  Sir  Robert  le  Grosvenor,  the  defendant,  by 
lineal  male  succession. 

It  was  likewise  proved^  that  Sir  Robert  le  Grosvenor,  another 
ancestor  of  the  said  Siritobert,  bore  the  same  arms,  when  he  acr 
companied  King  Edward  IIL  in  the  camp  laying  before  Vanned 
in  Brittaigne^  and  also  afterwards  at  the  passage  over  the  Sonome, 


£ARL  GROSVENOR.  247 

«id  at  the  battle  of  CtcMsy,  and  at'  the  Bxege  of  Calais:  and  that 
Robert  le  Chroarenor^  another  ancestor  also  of  Sir  Robert,  the  de- 
lendanty  was  armed^  as  aforesaid,  with  Kipg  Richard  I.  at  Mes- 
sina, in  Sicily,  1190$  and,  in  II91,  at  the  conquering  of  Cyprus^ 
and  at  the  taking  of  Acon^  or  Ptolemais,  defended  by  the  power 
of  Saladio>  abd  at  the  relirf  of  Joppa,  where  Sakdan  was  re« 
fttlsed. 

It  was  also  made  evident,  that  another  Robert,  likewise  an  an- 
cestor to  the  defendant,  was  in  Scotland  with  King  Edward  II. 
in  his  wars,  armed  as  aforesaid. 

Many  of  the  befoteHsentioned  gentlemen  also  deposed,  that 
tiiey  had  seen  the  said  anaas  painted  in  glass  windows,  upon  shields, 
•tandards,  pennons,  buildings,  edifices,  tombs,  sepulchres,  or 
monuments,  and  other  places,  as  the  arms  of  the  said  Sir  Robert 
and  his  ancestors;  and  particularly  in  the  several  churches  of 
Great-Bodworth,  Mobberley,  Tarvin,  Wartio,  Christleton,  Stock* 
port,  L3rmme,  Sandbach,  Aldford,  Middlewich,  Namptwich,  St. 
Werburge  in  Chester,  the  Friars-Minors  in  Chester,  St.  Mary  in 
Cheater,  Vale  Royal  abby,  Cumbermere  abby,  the  chapels  of 
Holme,  Over-Pever,  Nether^Pever,  Wition,  Bonches,  and  Bold, 
and  at  Duttoo,  and  Bradley;  and  that  they  had  moreoirer  seen 
several  Charters,  Records,  and  other  Deeds,  belonging  to  the  said 
Sir  Robot,  and  his  ancestors,  sealed  with  seals  engraved  with  the 
said  anas,  and  which  were  with  the  Register,  to  be  by  him  pro* 
pesly  eshibited  before  the  Lord  the  Constable,  and  the  Lord  the 
Marshal  of  England.  * 

Likewise,  the  before-mentioned  Howell  de  Eton,  James  do 
Eton,  Sif  WiMiam  de  Brereton,  Knighi-Bannerei,  Thomas  de  Da- 
venport, John  de  Leyoestre,  Raofe  de  lieycestre.  Sir  Richard  de 
Bold,  Knigkt'Banneret,  Randolph  de  Manwaring,  Raufe  de  Stan- 
Icgfa,  Thomas  de  Stanlegh,  Robert  de  Downes,  John  de  Daven* 
port,  deBromhall,  Robert  de  Hyde,  Thomas  le  Vernon,  John  de 
Eton,  Robert  deHassall,  John  de  Frodsham,  and  Hugh  xie  Coton, 
did  farther  depose,  that  th^  were  cousins  to  the  said  Sir  Robert 
)e  Grosvenor,  defendant 

It  appeared  by  the  said  trial,  that  Sir  Richard  le  Scrope,  1346, 
in  his  expedition  against  the  Scots,  challenged  an  Esquire  of 
Cornwall,  of  the  name  of  Carminaw,  and  upon  examination  be« 
fore  the  Knights  and  Esquires,  there  present,  it  was  alleged  that 
Sir  Richard  le  Scrope,  and  his  ancestors,  had  borne  the  same  arms 
ever  since  the  Conquest  of  England  $  and,  on  the  part  of  Carmi^ 
Daw,  it  was  alleged,  that  he  and  his  ancestors  had  borne  th0 


i 


248  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

same  arms  ever  since  the  time  of  King  Arthnr:  wherefore  it  wa» 
adjudged,  that  they  should  coutinae  to  bear  the  said  arms. 

The  sentenoe  of  the  courts  ia  the  cause  of  Sir  Richard  le  Scrope 
and  Sir,  Robert  le  Grosyenor,  was,  that  Sir  Richard  should  bcAt 
the  arms  of  Azure,  and  one  Bend,  dOr,  as  formerly,  and  that  Sir 
Robert  should  bear  the  said  arms,  but  with  a  Bardure  <r Argent* 
Sir  Robert,  thinking  himself  injured  by  that  sentence,  appealed 
to  the  King  himself,  before  whom,  by  his  commissioners,  the 
whole  pleadings  were  reviewed;  and  at  length  it  was  decided, 
that  Sir  Richard  le  Scrope  should  continue  the  usage  of  the  said 
arms,  and  that  Sir  Robert  le  Grosvenor  should  either  use  the  said 
arms  with  a  Bordure,  as  in  the  sentence,  or  else,  instead  of  the 
Bend,  Or,  might  bear  a  Garb,  Or,  from  the  arms  of  the  ancient 
£ark  of  Chester,  his  consanguinity  to  them  having  been  so  fully 
proved  in  the  said  trial :  whereupon  Sir  Robert  le  Grosvenor  ever 
after  bore  for  his  arms,  A%ure,  a  Garb,  Or;  and  the  same  have 
been  constantly  used  by  his  successors. 

This  Sir  Robert  le  Grosvenor  had  two  wives  $  first,  Joan,  one 
of  the  daughters  of  Sir  John  Daniers,  or  Danyell,  of  Tabley,  in 
the  county  of  Chester,  Knight^Banneret,  befbre-mentioned>  but 
by  her  had  no  issue:  and,  secondly,  Joan,  or  Jane,  sometimes 
called  Joceline,  daughter  to  Sir  Robert  de  Pulford,  lord  of  Pulford, 
in  the  county  of  Chester,  Knt.  (who  was  living  in  1348,  when 
Sir  James  Audley  was  Sheriff  of  that  county),  and  widow  (^Tho- 
mas Belgrave,  and  at  length  heir  to  her  brother,  John,  son  and 
beir  to  her  father.  Sir  Robert,  by  dame  Jane  his  wife,  whoj  after 
his  death,  took  Richard  de  Bosseley  for  her  second  husband.  The 
said  Sir  Robert  de  Pulford  was  the  son  of  Sir  Robert,  lord  of  Pul- 
ibrd,  who  was  alive  in  1308,  and  was  son  of  another  Sir  Ro- 
bert de  Pulford,  lord  of  Pulford^  who  was  with  King  Edward  I. 
in  the  wars  of  Scotland.  The  said  Sir  Robert  le  Grosvenor  was 
Sheriff  of  Cheshire,  quam  diu  n^his  placuerit,  as  appears  by  an 
ancient  writ,  n«w  remaining  in  the  ]&cchequer  at  Chester^  dated 
January  1st,  1388-9.  He  was  again  Sheriff  of  that  county,  1394» 
and  by  the  aforesaid  Joan,  or  Joceline,  left  at  his  death  (which 
happened  in  1396),  a  son  and  heir. 

Sir  Thomas  le  Grosvenor,  Knt.  who  wedded  Joan,  one  of  the 
daughters  and  coheirs  of  Sir  William  Phesant,  of  the  county  of 
Stafford,  Knt.  and  was  living  A.  D.  1422.  By  the  said  Joan  (who 
by  a  second  marriage  was  the  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  del  Roche,  Knt. 
and  was  alive  in  the  year  1431,  he  had  fonr  sons:  1.  Robert,  his 
successor  in  Huhne,  &c.    2.  Baufe/continuator  of  the  male  line. 


EARL  GROSV£NOR.  240 

3.  Thomas,  of  whom  aAerwardi.    And>  4.  Randulpb,  who  by 
-■  his  wife»  daughter  of  — »—  Whitmore^  was  progeottor  to 

the  Grosveoori  of  Warwickshire, 

RoBSRT  le  Grosvenor^  lord  of  Hulme^  &c.  eldest  son  and  heir 
to  Sir  Thomas  le  Grosveaor,  Knt.  was,,  in  most  part  of  Hen.  Vl't 
ragn,  in  the  war  against  France.  He  married  Jonet^  otherwise 
Johanne,  daughter  to  Sir  Jeoffiy  de  Chedell,  Knt.  and  by  her  waa 
father  of  six  daughters,  his  colieirs.  1.  Eli^beth.  2.  Emme. 
3.  Catherine.  4.  Margaret.  5.  Anne,  bj  some  called  Agnes. 
Andy  6,  Maigeiy. 

This  Robert  le  Grosrenor  was  possessed  of  Holme,  AUostodc, 
Lostock,  Gralam,  Nether-Pever,  Donam,  Barton,  Aldersey,  Bros* 
ton,  Cfaoriey,  Buyerton,  Pulford,  and  lands  in  Claverton  nigh 
Chester,  and  in  Honbridge,  nigh  Chester,  all  in  the  county  of 
Chester ;  besides  considerable  estates  in  Staffordshire:  all  which, 
after  his  death,  were  divided  by  deed  of  partition,  in  1465,  among 
hia  daughters  aforesaid. 

Elizabeth,  the  eldest,  was  married,  A.  D.  1446,  to  Peter  Dut-- 
ton,  of  Hatton,  Esq.  son  and  heir  of  John  Dutton,  of  Hatton, 
Esq.  She  was  living  in  146^,  bat  died  in  the  lifetime  of  her 
husband,  by  whom  she  was  mother  of  Peter  Dutton,  junior,  Raqfe^ 
Richard,  and  Randle.  The  said  Ptter  Dutton,  junior,  wedded 
Eleanor,  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Towleshurst,  of  Cruwe,  in  Che* 
shire,  Knt.  and  left  a  son.  Sir  Piers  Dntton,  of  Hatton  and  Dut« 
ton,  Knt.  who  departed  this  life,  A.D.  1545,  37  Henry  VIIL 
leaving  many  sons  and  daughters.  Of  the  latter,  Catherine,  the 
eldest,  was  sucoesrively  wedded,  first,  to  Sir  Roger  Puleston  (or 
Pilsioo),  of  Emrald  (or  Emerald),  in  Flintshire,  Knt«$  and,  se- 
condly, to  Richard' Grosvenor,  second  soi^  of  Richard  Grosvenor, 
of  Eaton,  by  Catherine  Coton  his  wife,  of  whom  afterwards. 

Emme,  second  daughter  and  coheir  of  Robert  le  Grosvenor, 
had  two  husbands.  First,  John  Legh,  of  Booths,  in  the  county 
of  Chester,  Esq.  by  whom  she  left  an  only  daughter  and  heir, 
Elizabeth,  the  wife  of  Piers  Shakerleigh,  whose  descendants  by 
her  now  inherit  Holme,  and  the  fiAh  part  of  Allostock^  being 
the  portion  that  fell  to  the  said  Emme,  by  the  deeds  of  partition 
in  1465  and  1474  :  and,  secondly,  R^lph  Egertoa,  Esq.  who  sur« 
vived  her 5  but  they  were  both  living  in  HQO,  5  Henry  VII.  and 
had  issue. 

Catherine,  the  third  daughter,  and  coheir  to  Robert  le  Gros- 
venor, had  the  lordship  of  Pulford,  in  Cheshire,  and  other  lands, 
by  the  said  dee^  of  partition,  1465,  and  a  fifth  part  of  Allostock, 


S50  PEERAGE  OF  BNGLANIX 

QpoD  the  death  of  her  sister  Margery,  by  aoother  deed  of  parti«i 
tion,  A.D.  1474.  This  Catherine  was  successively  married,  first, 
to  Richard  Winnington,  of  Wioniogton,  in  Cheshire^  Esq.  by 
whom  she  had  three  soos^  Richard,  Peter,  and  George;  and  also 
two  daughters,  Jane,  and  Eliiabeth;  who  were  all  living  in  1400, 
5  Henry  VII.;  and,  secondly,  to  William  Venablrs,  Esq.  Ri* 
diard,  the  eldest  son  of  Richard  Winnington,  and  of  Catherine 
Grosvanor  his  wife,  died  in  1504,  IQ  Henry  VII.  and  by  his  wife, 
Joan  Smith  (who  departed  this  life  in  1500,  24  Henry  VII.) 
Bad  two  daughters;  1.  Catherine,  who  died  without  issue^  A.D. 
1506,  23  Henry  VII.  as  appears  by  her  office  taken  in  1515,  6 
Heoiy  VIII.;  and,  2.  Elizabeth,  who  wedded  Sir  Piers  Warbar-» 
ton,  of  Arley,  in  Cheshire,  Knt.  A.  D.  1511,  2  Henry  VIII. 
being  then  sole  heir.  The  said  Sir  Piers  died  in  J  550,  4  Edw.  VI. 
90d  his  wife,  Elizabeth,  in  1558,  6  Maris,  leaving  issue,  besides 
several  daughters,  a  son.  Sir  John  Warburton,  who  inherited  the. 
estate  of  Winnington,  and  also  Pulford,  and  other  lands,  the  por- 
tion of  his  gre^t-gr^nd-mother,  Catherine  Grosvenoo  all  which 
^ntinue  in  the  family. 

Margaret>  fourth  daughter  and  coheir  of  Robert  le  Grosyenor, 
lord  of  Hulroe,  &c.  had  for  her  share  a  moiety  of  Nether  Pever, 
with  Little  Pever,  the  third  part  of  Over-Alderley,  the  third  part 
of  Pygrave-wood,  in  the  demesne  lands  of  AUos^ock,  in  the 
county  of  Chester,  and  certain  lands  in  Hope,  juxta  Astonfield^ 
in  the  eoanty  of  Stafford,  according  to  the  deed  of  partition  made 
in  14^«  She  married  Thomas  Leicester,  of  Nether-Tabley,  in 
Cheshire,  Esq.  and  was  living  in  1460,  but  died  before  her  hus- 
band, by  whom  she  had  a  son,  John  Leicester,  who,  upon  the 
decease  of  Margery,  his  mother*s  youngest  sister,  got  the  fifth  part 
of  Allostock,  by  deed  of  partition  made  in  1474;  and  from  the 
aaid  John,  the  present  Sir  John  Leicester,  of  Tabley,  Bart  is  de- 
icetided. 

Anne,  or  Agnes,  the  fifdi  daughter  aod  coheir  of  Robert  lo 
Grosvenor,  had,  according  to  the  deed  of  partition  dated  1465, 
Buyerton;  Newbolde,  and  other  lands  in  Cheshire,  besides  a  fifth 
part  of  Allostock,  the  share  of  her  sister,  Margeiy.  This  Anoe, 
in  14(39,  9  Edward  IV.  became  the  second  wife  of  Sir  William 
Stanley,  of  Hooton,  in  Cheshire,  Knt.  ancestor  by  her  to  the  pre^ 
sent  Sir  Thomas  Stanley,  of  Hooton,  aforesaid.  Baronet. 

^^rgery^  the  sixth  daughter  and  coheir  of  Robert  le  Grosvenor^ 
had,  by  the  deed  of  partition  made  in  1465,  the  lands  of  Allo- 
stock j  bi|t  dying  unmarried,  her  share  was  divided  among  her 


EARL  6R0SVENOR.  251 

adier  dsters^  or  thdr  issue^  according  to  ^rtition  agreed  on  in 
14S^4,  as  before  related. 

Having  thus  deduced  the  descendants  of  Rotiert  le  Grosvenor, 
eldest  son  and  heir  of  Sir  Thoqoas  le  Grosvenor^  Knt.  by  Joan 
Phesant,  his  wife,  we  shall  give  an  account  of  the  said  Sir  Tho«> 
mas's  third  soo^  also  Thomas^  before  we  proceed  with  Raufe,  the 
second  son^  continuator  of  the  male  line  of  this  ancient  fanulyj 
Jiaving  already  taken  notice  of  Randolph,  the  fourth  son. 

The  said  Thomas,  third  son,  married  <^  Isabella,  eldest  daughter 
and  coheir  of  Sir  Richard  Peshale,  of  Chetwynd,  and  Bellaport, 
in  the  county  of  Salop,  Knight,  ancestor  to  the  family  of  Pe« 
shall,  Raronets,  and  by  her,  who  had  Bellaport  for  her  portion 
(the  other  coheir,  Jocosa,  carrying  Chetwynd  to  her  husband, 
William  Pigott,  from  whom  the  Pigotts  of  that  place  descend), 
was  father  of  Randolph  Grosveoor,  of  Bellaport,  who  wedded 
Margaret,  one  of  the  daughters  of  Randal  Maynwaring,  of  Car* 
rigfaam,  and  had  issue,  Randolph,  his  heir,  who,  by  Anne  his 
wife,  daughter  to  William  Charlton,  of  vApl^,  in  Shropshire; 
Esq.  had  a  son  and  heir,  Thomas  Grosvehor,  Esq.  who  espoused 
Margery,  daughter  of  John  Cotes,  of  Woodcote,  in  the  said 
county  of  Salop,  Esq.  and  by  her  was  father  of  William  Gros- 
venor,  of  Bellaport,  Esq.  who  married  Anne,  one  of  the  daugh- 
ters and  coheirs  of  William  Hejnvood,  of  Stoneleigb,  in  Stafford* 
«hire,  Esq.  and  by  her  had  a  son  and  heir,  William  Grosvenor, 
of  Bellaport,  Esq.  who  wedded  Cicely,  one  of  the  daughters  of 
Sir  Richard  Maynwaring*  of  Ightfield,  in  Shropshire,  Knt.  but 
}iad  no  issue. 

We  now  return  to  Raufb  le  Grosvenor,  second  son  of  Sir  Tho- 
mas le  Grosvenor,  and  continuator  of  the  male  line  of  this  poble 
Amily. 

The  said  Raofe  (sometimes  called  RawHoe),  was  twice  irnaiv 
ried;  first,  to  Joan,  sole  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Eton,  of  Eton 
(now  Eaton),  near  Chester,  Esq.  by  which  Joan  he  had  three 
sons;  viz.  Robert  Grosvenor,  his  heir;  Richard  (by  some  called 
Ranfe($  and  James,  of  all  whom  afterwards;  and  two  daughters; 
▼iz.  Jonet,  wedded,  in  38  Henry  VI.  to  Oliver  Hope,  son  of 
John  Hope,  of  whom  the  Hopes  of  Broughton  descend,  and  Alice 
Gmsvenor:  and,  secondly,  to  Ellyn,  daughter  of  Jenkin  Manleyi 
but  it  does  not  appear  that  he  had  issue  by  her.  The  said  John 
^ton,  tlie.£ither  of  Joan,  the  wife  of  Raufe  Grosvenor,  was  son 

«  Ex  StCflBi  fan.  ds  Pciball,  MS.  penes  ffle!pt. 


252  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

of  John  de  Etoo^  lord  of  Eton  aad  Stockton,  who  nuirried  Bea^ 
trice^  and  died  iu^  1415,  3  Henry  V.  TbU  John  was  the  son  of 
another  John,  who  wedded  Margaret,  daughter  to  Henry  de 
Weston,  Esq.  and  waason  to  Richard  de  Eton,  who  was  Mving  in 
1^46,  20  Edward  III.  together  with  Joan  his  wife,  and  died  A.D. 
1381,  5  Richard  II.  He  was  the  son  of  Robert  de  Eton,  and 
Isabel  bts  wife,  who  was  heir  to  William  de  Stockton,  brd  of 
Stockton,  and  alive,  with  her  husband,  in  1311,  5  Edward  II. 
This  Robert  de  Eton  was  the  son  of  Richard  de  Eton,  son  and 
heir  of  another  Richard  de  Eton,  whose  father  was  another  Ri* 
chard,  who  was  the  son  of  William  de  Eton,  and  heir  to  another 
William,  who  was  son  and  heir  to  another  William  de  Eton* 

Before  we  proceed  with  Robert  Ghrosveoor,  eldest  son  and  heir 
of  Raufe  le  Grosvenor,  by  his  wife,  Joan  Eton,  we  shall  give  an 
account  of  his  two  younger  brothers,  Richard,  and  James. 

The  said  Richard  (or  Raufe,  according  to  some),  second  son 
of  Raufe  (or  Rawline),  le  Grosvenor,  had  a  son,  Richard,  and 
several  daughters^  whereof  Alice  was  the  wife  of  William  Good* 
man.  Richard,  the  son,  was  Sheriff  of  Chester  in  1492;  and 
wedded  Sybil,  and  by  her  was  father  of  two  sons,  whereof  one 
was  also  Sheriff  of  Chester,  and  of  nine  daughters,  as  appeared  io 
the  glass  windows  in  the  church  of  St.  Mary  on  the  Hill,  in  the 
city  of  Chester,  A.  D.  1534. 

James  Grosvenor,  third  son  of  Raufe  le  Grosvenor,  aad  Joan 
Eton,  wedded  Margaret,  daughter  of  Piers  Stanley,  of  Ewlowe; 
and  by  her  had  an  only  daughter  and  heir,  Margaret,  who  mar- 
ried Richard  Oldfidd^ 

RoBBRT,  eldest  son  and  heir  to  Raufe  le  Grosvenor,  by  his  wife, 
Joan,  daughter  of  John  Eton,  of  Eton,  married,  in  8  Henry  IV. 
Catherine,  daughter  of  Sir  William  Norris,  of  Speake,  in  th.e 
county  of  Lancaster,  Knt.  and  departing  this  life  in  12  Hen.  VII. 
left  two  sons;  1.  Thomas,  hu  heir;,  and,  2.  Richard,  whocon^- 
tinned  the  line;  and  likewise  two  daughters;  Catherine,  and 
Jane.    Catherine,  the  eldest,  had  two  husbands;  first,  Thomas 
Hough,  of  Leighton,  Esq.;  and,  secondly.  Sir  WiKiam  Venables, 
Knt.  Baron  of  Kinderton.     By  the  first  slie  was  mother  of  an 
only  son  and  heir,  John  Hough,  who  wedded  Christian,  daugh- 
ter of  Sir  George  Caiveley,  Knt.  and  by  her  bad  » son,  William 
Hough,  Esq.  who  married  Jane,  daughter  to  Thomas,  Lord  Crom- 
well, and  by  her  was  father  of  an  only  daughtiei;  i^nd  heir,  Alice, 
espoused  to  William  Whitmore,  of  Leighton,,  hy  whom  she  had 
issue.  By  her  second  husband,  she  had  a  son,  Aothony  Venables, 


EARL  GROSVBNOR*  253 

Eftq.  and  a  daughter,  Anne,  who  was  the  wife  of  Richurd  Leigh, 
of  High-Leigh,  Esq.  The  beforc-meotioned  Jane,  the  youngest 
daoghter,  was  manied  to  Raufe,  son  and  heir  of  Nicholas  Leigh, 
of  High- Leigh,  £s<^  and  in  3  Edward  II L  had  issue,  two  daugh- 
ters, coheirs;  1.  Catherine,  who  wedded  — — —  Done,  of 

Flaxyards,  Esq.  and  had  issoe;  and,  2.  Jaoe,  who  was  mar- 
ried to  Randolph  Spurstowe,  of  Spurstowe,  Esq.  and  also  had 
issue. 

Thoma8>  eldest  son  and  heir  of  the  aforesaid  Robert  Grosvenor, 
wedded,  in  10  Henry  VII.  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  Hugh  CaP- 
yeley,  of  the  Lea,  in  Cheshire,  Knt.  but  died,  in  2/  Henry  VIL 
without  issoe.    Thereupon, 

Richard,  tlie  second  son  of  the  said  Robert  Grosvenor,  suc- 
ceeded to  the  estate;  and  iu  1  Henry  VIII.  married  Catherine, 
third  daughter,  and  one  of  the  coheirs  of  Richard  Coton,  of  Rud- 
ware-Hampstall,  in  Staffordshire,  Esq.  from  a  younger  son  of 
whose  family  descended  the  late  Sir  John  Cotton,  of  Connington, 
in  Huntingdonshire,  and  of  Stretton,  in  Bedfordshire,  Bart,  who 
died  on  March  27 ih,  1752.  The  other  coheirs  of  the  said  Richard 
Coton,  were,  Maud,  the  eldest  daughter;  Eleanor,  the  second; 
and  Isabel,  the  fourth.  Maud  was  wedded  to  Sir  Anthony  Fitz- 
Herbcrt,  or  Norbury,  Justice  of  the  King's-Bench  in  14  Henry 
VIII.  Eleanor  was  married  to  Sir  William  Venables ;  and  Isabel, 
to  Sir  Thomas  Bradburne,  of  Derbyshire,  Knt. 

The  said  Richard  Coton,  father  of  those  four  Ladies,  was  heir 
to  Torcaston,  Toyme,  and  Mapplewell,  in  the  county  of  Leicester; 
to  Coilston  and  Rosington,  in  Derbyshire;  Rudware-Hampstall, 
Poeswood,  and  Ashfield,  in  the  county  of  Stafford ;  Coton,  and 
Oscroft,  in  the  county  of  Chester;  hi»  grandfather,  Richard  Co- 
ton,  of  Rudware-Hampstall,  having,  in  31  Henry  VI.  married 
Joan,  one  of  the  daughters  of  Richard  Venables,  Esq.  Baron  of 
Xinderton,  by  Elizabeth  his  wife,  daughter,  and  one  of  the  heirs 
of  Hugh  Venables,  Baron  of  Kinderton,  who  was  slain  at  the 
battle  of  Bloreheath,  in  Staffordshire,  on  September  23d,  1459^ 
38  Henry  VI.  where  the  Cheshiremen  were  very  great  sufferers, 
having  wore  that  day  little  silver  swans,  which  King  Henry's 
consort  had  ordered  to  be  distributed  among  the  gentlemen  of 
that  county,  as  the  badge  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  her  son.  The 
said  Hugh  Venables,  Baron  of  Kinderton,  was  descended  from 
Sir  Hugh  Venables,  Knt..  Baron  of  Kinderton,  who,  in  the  reign 
of  Edward  I*  married  Agatha,  daughter  and  heir  to  old  Sir  Raufc 
VcmooA  Knt.    And  John  Coton,  father  of  the  said  Richard  Co- 


t54  PEERAGE  OF  ENC^LAND. 


too,  liviog  in  12  Henry  VL  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  hei^ 
to  Sir  William  Faukoner,  of  Thorcaston,  Knt.  son  of  Sir  John  le 
Faukoner^  Knt.  who  was  alire  in  22  Richard  II.  and  was  son  to 
William  le  Fankoner,  who  was  living  in  30  Edward  III.  and  was 
son  to  Thomas  le  Fankoner»  who  was  aliTe  in  14  Edward  I.  and 
was  son  to  William  le  Faukoner,  the  son  of  Sir  John  le  Fankooer, 
Knt.  who  married  Margery^  daughter  and  heir  to  Geoffirj^  knl 
of  Tbuicaston,  son  to  Gcoffr/^  son  of  Philip,  lord  of  Hiarcastoo^ 
who  was  son  to  Robert  le  Faukoner>  de  Thurcaston^  son  of  Wil- 
liam le  Faukoner,  de  Tbnrcaston,  who  wedded  Margery  de  St. 
Par:  and  the  said  William  was  son  of  Raufe  le  Faokoner,  son  of 
Scanard  le  Fauconer^  son  of  Henry  le  Fanconer,  de  Ibarcaston, 
in  the  connty  of  Leicester,  in  the  reign  of  King  William  I.  com- 
monly styled  the  Conqueror.  And  Edmund  Coton,  father  of  the 
aforesaid  John,  was  loid  of  Rudware-Hampstall,  45  Edward  III. 
In  right  of  his  wife,  who  was  Johan,  daughter  and  heir  of  Walter 
de  Rudware-Hampstall,  by  Joan  his  wife,  daughter  and  heir  of 
Walter  Wallsheofe,  and  Julian  his  wife,  daughter  and  heir  cf 
John  Bassinge.  The  said  Walter  de  Rodware  was  grandson  of 
Walter  de  Rudware,  son  of  Walter  4e  Rudware,  by  Matilda  hia 
wife,  daughter  of  Nicholas  Peeke,  by  Hawise  his  wife,  daughter 
of  Reginald  I.  Count  of  Burgundy,  by  Alisa,  or  Adelisa  his  wife, 
daughter  to  Richard  II.  Duke  of  Normandy,  grandfather  to  Wil^ 
liam  the  Conqueror,  ' 

'•'  Such  were  the  illustrious  ancestors  and  kindred  of  Catherine 
Coton,  the  wife  of  Richard  Grosvenor,  second  son  of  Robert  6ros« 
venor,  and  ancestor  .to  ihe  present  Earl  Grosvenor. 

The  said  Richard  Grosvenor  (who  departed  this  Mfe^on  July 
27th,  1542),  had,  by  the  said  Catherine  his  wife,  five  sons.  1.  Sir 
Thomas  Grosvjcnor,  Knt.  his  heir.  2.  Richard  Grosvenor,  who 
was  Sheriff  of  the  cpunty  of  Flint,  6  Edward  VI.  and  by  Eliza-' 
beth  bis  wlfe»  daughter  to  Piers  Dutton,  of  Hatton,  and  relict  of 
Sir  Roger  Pulestbn,  of  Emerald,  in  Flintshire,  had  issue.  3.  John 
Grosvenor,  who  married,  but  left  no  issue;  his  son,  Thomas, 
dying  before  him.  4.  Anthony  Grosvenor,  who  wedded  Uriel, 
daughter  to  Sir  Roger  Puleston,  of  the  Temple,  Knt.  and  by  her 
was  father  of  three  daughters;  viz.  Elizabeth,  Amy,  and  Frances, 
who  ail  died  uumarried,  except  Amy,  who  was  wife  to  Edward 
Bowlett,  of  Moreton,  Esq.  And,  5.  George  Grosvenor,  who  died 
young. 

Richard  Grosvenor,  aforesaid,  was  also,  by  the  same  Catherine, 
father  of  eleven  daughters;  1.  Elizabeth.   2.  Eleanon    3.  CathC"^ 


EARL  6R0SVEN0R.  25« 

line.    4.  Anne.    5.  Alice.    6.  Margaret.    7.  Maad.    8.  Jane* 
9.  Dorotby.     10.  Mary.    And,  11.  Ursula, 

Elizabeth,  the  eldest,  was  lady  of  the  nuns  in  Chester,  A.  D: 
1532. 

Eleanor,  the  second  daughter,  wedded  Thomas  Reddish,  lord 
of  Gropenhall,  Dodelstone,  &c.  in  Cheshire,  Esq. 

Catherine,  the  third  daughter,  was  wife  to  Thomas  Ravens- 
croft,  of  Bretton,  in  Flintshire,  Esq.  son  and  heir  of  George. 

Anne,  fourth  daughter,  married  Roger  Puleston,  of  Emerald,  ixi 
the  county  of  Flint,  Esq. 

Alice,  fifth  daughter,  was  a  nun  at  Chester,  and  was  alive  in 
1559. 

Margaret,  sixth  daughter,  married  three  husbands  $  first,  Raufe 
Birkenhead,  of  Trowton,  in  Cheshire,  Esq.;  secondly^  George 
Wood,  of  Battersey,  Justice  of  Chester,  Esq  ;  and,  thirdly,  John 
Molineox,  of  the  Wood,  in  the  county  of  Lancaster,  Esq.  . 

Maud,  seventh  daughter,  was  wife  to  Humphrey  Ridgeley,  of 
Ridgeley,  in  the  county  of  Stafford,  Esq. 

Jane,  eighth  daughter,  was  successively  wedded  to  George 
Sandford,  of  Sandford,  in  Shropshire,  Esq.  and  Sir  William  Hollis, 
Knt. 

Dorothy,  ninth  daughter,  had  also  two  husbands  1  first,  Richard 
Wilbraham,  of  Woodhey,  Esq.  son  and  heir  to  William  Wilbra- 
ham,  of  Woodhey,  Esq.  by  whom  she  had  issue  $  and;  secondly/ 
Henry  Savile,  of  Barteley,  in  the  county  of  York,  Esq. 

Mary,  tenth  daughter,  married  Thomas  Leigh,  of  Adlington, 
in  the  county  of  Chq^ter,  Esq.  and  after  his  death,  took  another 
husband. 

Ursula,  the  eleventh  and  youngest  daughter  of  Richard  Gros: 
▼enor,  died,  unmarried. 

Sir  Thomas  Grosvenor,  Knt.  eldest  son  and  heir  of  the  said 
Richard  Grosvenor,  and  Catherine  Coton  his  wife,  married,  in 
the  20th  of  King  Henry  VIII.  Maud,  daughter  of  Sir  William 
Pole,  of  Poole,  in  the  county  of  Chester,  Knt.  ancestor  to  the 
knightly  family  seated  there,  and  at  the  Friery,  in  Lewes,  in  the 
county  of  Sussex.  By  that  Lady  (who,  secondly,  wedded,  in  4 
Edward  VL  Robert  Fletcher,  of  Ince,  in  the  county  of  Chester, 
Esq.  and  died  A.D.  1582),  Sir  Thomas  was  father  of  two  sons; 
1.  Thomas  Grosvenor,  his  heir.  And,  2.  Richard,  who  died  a 
bachelor:  and  likewise  of  three  daughters  $  1.  Elizabeth,  mar- 
ried to  Richard  Masterson,  of  Namptwich,  in  the  county  of  Ches* 
ter,  Esq.    2.  CatharinCi  who,  fint|  wedded  Richard  Hunt,  Esq.; 


2S6  F££RAGE  OF  E^LAND. 

andj  secondly^  Richard  Shawcross,  Esq.  And,  3,  Graoe,  who 
married  John  Massie^  of  Codiogton^  Esq.  (ancestor  to  the  pre- 
sent Hugh  Masaey^  Baron  Massey  of  Duntryleague>  in  the  king- 
dom of  Ireland)^  but  left  no  progeny.  Sir  Thomas  departed  this 
life  on  April  24ths  1549,  ^%^^  thirty-six  years  j  and  was  suc- 
ceeded in  his  lands  of  Eaton,  &c.  by  his  eldest  son. 

Thomas  Grosvenor,  Esq.  who  married  Anne,  daughter  of  Ro- 
ger Bradsbaigh,  of  the  Haigh,  in  the  coanty  of  Lancaster,  Esq. 
by  Jane  his  wifet  daughter  to  Ralph  Standisb,  of  Standish,  in  the 
said  county,  Esq.  Ibis  Thomas  died,  A.D.  1579,  and  by  his 
said  wife  (who  was,  secondly,  wedded  to  William  Radcliffe,  Esq. 
and  was  living  in  36  Eliz.)  had  two  sons ;  J .  Richard  Grosvenor, 
Esq.  his  heir.  And,  2.  Thomas,  who  never  married:  and  also 
four  daughters;  1.  Maud,  who  died  unmarried.  2.  Mary,  who 
was  born  in  1564,,  and  wedded  George  Salusbury,  of  Bestock, 
Esq.  second  son  of  Sir  John  Salusbury,  of  Llewenny,  in  Denbigh- 
shire. 3.  Anne,  married  to  Roger  Hurlestone,  Esq.  son  and  heir 
of  Roger  Hurlestone,  of  Chester,  Esq.  And,  4.  Julian,  who  was 
born  in  1568,  and  was  wife  to  Francis  Broughton,  Esq. 

Rich  ABO  Grosvenor,  Esq.  aforesaid,  the  eldest  son,  succeeded 
his  father,  Thomas,  at  Eaton,  &c.  and  was  Sheriff  of  Chester, 
A.D.  l602.  He  was  twice  married,  first,  to  Christian  daughter 
to  Sir  Richard  Brooke,  of  Norton,  in  the  county  of  Chester,  Knt. 
and,  secondly,  in  l6H,  12  Jac.  I.  to  Jane  Bostock,  of  Morton- 
Say,  in  Shropshire,  relict  of  John  Bostock,  of  Morton-Say  afore- 
said, Esq.  By  this  Jane  (whom  he  left  a  widow,  at  his  death,  on 
September  18th,  1619,  being  then  in  the  fifty-sixth  year  of  his 
age),  he  had  no  issue:  but  by  his  first  Lady  (who  departed  this 
Hfe  in  1609),  he  was  father  of  three  sons  3  1.  Thomiis,  who  died 
young.  2.  Richard,  who  succeeded  to  the  estate,  and  was  created 
a  Baronet.  And,  3.  Another  Thomas,  who  died  unmarried.  By 
the  same  Lady,  he  had  also  fourteen  daughters;  1.  Anne,  who 
was  born  in  1582,  and  married  to  John  Massie,  Esq.  son  and 
heir  of  John  Massie,  of  Codington,  Esq.  2.  Mary,  who  died  un- 
married. 3.  Christian,  who,  in  16OI,  married  Peter  Danyell,  of 
Tabley,  Esq.  who  was  one  of  the  Knights  for  the  county  of  Ches^ 
ter  in  parliament,  A.  D.  1625,  and  died  on  April  18th,  l652, 
aged  sixty-eight  years  (she  departed  this  life  in  1663,  aged 
teventy-six).  4.  Frances,  who  died  young*  5.  Dorothy,  who 
departed  this  life  unmarried.  6.  Another  Frances^  who  was  bom 
in  1591,  and  married  Samuel  Bispban,  of  Billioge,  in  the  county 
of  Lancaster,  Doctor  of  Physic.    7.  Catherine,  who  was  bom  in 


£ARL  GROSV£NOB.  <2^ 

1592,  and,  in  l6l8>  wedded  Thomas  Glyntie,  of  GlynndHiroa^  ia 
tbeeouDtyof  Caernanron,  Esq.  8»  AnoCber  Dorothy.  9.  Eleai- 
aor.  10.  Elii&abeth.  li.  Jane;  who  all  four  died  young.  12. 
Another  Eleanor,  who  was  bom  in  1601,  and  was  wife  to  Arthur 
Cbarabersy  of  Pitton,  in  the  county  of  Salop,  Esq.  13.  Margaret^ 
who  was  bom  in  1 603,  and,  first,  wedded  Henry  Brereton,  Esq. 
and  secondly,  Hogh  Wilbreham,  Esq.  And>  14.  Maodlia,  who 
died  uhmairied. 

RicBARDGroarenor,  second  son,  aforesaid,  who,  by  his«ldcr 
brother^s  death,  became  heir  to  his  fatlier,  was  knighted  In  if 
Jac.  I.  and  created  a  Baronet  on  Febraary  23d,  1621-2.  Ha 
aerved  the  office  of  Sheriff  for  the  connty  of  Chester,  in  22  Jae«  1. 
and  for  the  county  of  Denbigh  in  the  year  following.  '  He  waa 
Mayor  of  the  city  of  Chester,  and  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  shiia 
for  the  county,  in  die  first  parliament  called,  by  King  Charles  L 
1^12.  A.D.  1^25.  This  Sirfiiohard  Grosvenor,  fiart.  had  threa 
wives;  first.  Lattice,  second  daughter  to  Sir  Hugh  Cholmondeky^ 
junior,  of  Cholmondeley,  in  Cheshire,  Knt.  by  Mary  his  wife, 
daughter  and  sole  heir  to  Christopher  Holford,  of  Holford,  Esq. 
and  by  her  bad  Sir  Richard  Grosvenor,  Bart,  his  heir;  and  also 
diree  daughters;  Christian,  who,  in  1621,  married  Sir  Francia 
Oamul,  of  the  city  of  Chester,  Knt. ;  Mary,  who  died  unmarried, 
in  1642;  and  Grace,  who,  in  1688,  also  died  unmarried.  Second- 
ly, Elizabeth  (whom  ha  wedded  in  l6l4),  daughter  of  Sir  ThomiS 
WilbndiatD,  of  Woodhey,  Knt.  and  by  her  (who  departed  this 
life,  A.  D.  1^1),  was  father  of  a  son,  Thomas,  who  died  young. 
And,  thirdly,  Elizabeth,  one  of  the  daughters  of  Sir  Peter  War- 
burton,  of  Grafton,  Knt.  (one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the 
Court  of  Common-pleas),  and  relict  of  Thomas  Stanley,  of  Al* 
d^ley,  Esq.  but  by  her,  who  departed  this  life  in  l62g,  had  na 
issne.  Sir  Richard  smrived  her  until  l64d,  being  then  sixty-ona 
years  of  age;  and  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son. 

Sir  RiCHAHD  Grosveoor  (second  Baronet),  who  was  Sheriff  !of 
Cheshire,  for  the  King,  in  l644,  at  which  time  he  raisted  the  possf 
comitatus,  to  opposed  the  parliament  army,  commanded  by  Ferdl^ 
oand.  Lord  Fairfax ;  and  continued  atedfast  in  his  loyalty  to  his 
Sovereign  during  the  whole  time  of  that  unnatural  war;  whereby 
he  suffered  rery  great  hardships,  having  his  estate  sequestered* 
He  was  turned  out  of  his  habitation,  at  Eaton,  lo  seek  for  shd# 
ter;  and  afterwards  lived  in  a  small  house  belongiog  to  a  neighv 
booriog  gentleman,  for  many  years,  till  the  happy  restoratioo  xsf 
King  Char.  IL   This  Sir  Richard  roarriedi  »q  1628,  Sidney,  daug^# 

vox..  V.  8 


256  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

ter  of  Sir  Roger  MoUjd,  of  Mostyn,  in  Flintshire,  Knt«  by  Maiy 
his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Wynne,  of  Gwyder,  in  the  count/ 
of  Caernarvon,  Knt.  and  Bart,  and  by  her  was  father  of  five  8ons> 
1*  Roger  Grosvenor,  Esq.  of  whom  afterwards.  2.  Thomas,  who 
departed  this  life  unmarried,  A.D.  1674,  aged  forty-four.  3.  Ro- 
bert, who  lived  to  man*8  estate,  but  never  married.  4.  Hugh, 
who  died  a  bachelor,  in  1698,  at  sixty-one  years  of  age.  And, 
5.  John,  who  departed  this  life  unmarried,  aged  fifty-five  years. 
Sir  Richard,  by  the  same  Lady,  had  likewise  four  daughters^  viz. 
'Lettice,  Catherine,  Mary,  and  Sidney,  who  all  died  unmarried, 
except  Sidney,  who  had  two  husbands :  the  first  was  Thomas 
Hesketh,  of  Rufibrd,  in  the  county  of  Lancaster,  Esq.  5  and  the 
second  was  Colonel  Spencer,  son  of  the  Hon.  William  Spencer, 
third  son  of  William  Lord  Spencer:  but  by  this  last  she  had  no 
issue.  By  the  said  Thomas  Hesketh,  she  was  mother  of  two 
sons 3  1.  Robert  Hesketh,  Esq.  who  married  Elizabeth,  sister  of 
the  before-mentioned  Colonel  Spencer,  and  by  her  left  an  only 
daughter  and  heir,  Elizabeth,  who  married  Sir  Edward  Stanley, 
Bart,  afterwards  fifth  Earl  of  Derby.  And,  2.  Thomas  Hesketh, 
Esq.  who  wedded  a  sister  of  Sir  Reginald  Graham,  of  Norton 
Conyers,  Bart,  and  by  her  was  father  of  a  son  and  heir,  Thomas, 
who  married  Martha,  daughter  of  James  St.  Amand,  Esq.  and 
left  two  sons.  The  said  Sidney  had  also,  by  her  first  husband,  a 
daughter,  Jane  Hesketh,  who  was  wife  to  Henry  Brooke,  Esq. 
second  son  of  Sir  Richard  Brooke,  of  Norton,  in  Cheshire,  Bart 
but  had  no  issue,  and  after  his  death  retired  to  Ormskirk,  in 
Lancashire. 

R06BK  Grosvenor,  Esq.  eldest  son  to  Sir  Richard  Grrosvenor, 
second  Bart,  had  likewise  his  estate  sequestered  at  the  same  time 
that  his  father's  was,  and  persevered  firm  in  his  \oyz\ty  to  the 
royal  cause.  In  l65g,  when  the  loyalists  intended  a  general  insur- 
rection ii^favour  of  their  exiled  Sovereign,  King  Charles  IL  (in  the 
success  of  which  they  were  in  a  great  measure  defeated  by  the 
treachery  of  Sir  Richard  Willis),  this  Roger  Grosvenor,  Esq.  was 
ready  and  prepared  in  Wales,  together  with  Sir  Thomas  Myddle- 
ton,  of  Chirk-castle,  in  Denbighshire,  Knt.  his  father-in-law, 
and  hb  wife's  brotherrin-law,  Edward,  third  Lord  Herbert,  of 
Chirbury,  and  Sir  Richard  Wynne,  of  Gwyder,  waiting  his  Ma- 
jesty's orders.  In  consideration  of  his  eminent  affection  to  the 
true  constitution,  he  was  one  of  the  thirteen  Gentlemen  of  Che^ 
,  shire,  nom'mated  to  be  Knights  of  TAc  Royal  Oak,  in  1§60,  when 
]Ling  Charles  II.  proposed  the  inatitCition  of  that  order,  ^s  4a 


EARL  GROSVENOR.  259 

honorary  reward  to  several  of  his  friends.  Hie  badge  was  to 
have  been  a  silver  medal,  with  a  device  of  the  King  in  the  oak, 
pendant  to  a  ribbon  about  their  necks,  as  the  Knights  of  the  Gar-« 
ter  then  wore  theirs :  but  it  was  thought  proper  to  lay  the  design 
aside,  lest  it  should  revive  the  heats  and  animosities,  which  bad 
formerly  distracted  the  kingdom.  This  Roger's  estate,  though 
bis  father  was  ahve,  was  then  30001.  a  year.  He  married,  in 
1654,  Christian,  daughter  to  Sir  Thomas  Myddleton,  aforesaid; 
and  by  her  was  father  of  two  daughters  3  1.  Sidney,  who  was 
bom  in  1650,  and  married  Nicholas  Bagnall,  of  the  Isle  of  An* 
g\escy,  Esq.  and,  2.  Anne,  who  lived  but  a  few  years;  and  also 
of  four  sons;  1.  Sir  Thomas  Grosvenor,  the  third  Baronet.  2.  Ro- 
bert, who  died  young.  3.  John,  of  whom  afterwards.  And; 
4.  Roger,  who  also  died  under  age.  The  said  John,  third  son, 
was  Sheriff  of  the  county  of  Merioneth;  and  was  twice  married; 
first,  to  Anne,  daughter  and  heir,  of  Godfrey  Prodrick,  of  Llane- 
don,  Esq.  and  relict  of  Pierce  Lloyd,  of  Liugway,  Esq.;  and, 
secondly,  to  Anne,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  Richard  Lloyd,  of 
Esles,  in  Denbighshire,  Knt.  and  widow  of  Edward  Ravenscroft, 
of  Bretton,  in  the  county  of  Flint,  Esq.  but  departed  this  life, 
A.D.  l6gi,  in  the  thirty -first  year- of  his  age,  without  issue  by 
either  of  his  wives. 

N  Roger  Grosvenor,  Esq .  aforesaid,  eldest  son  and  heir  apparent 
to  Sir  Richard  Grosvenor,  second  Bart,  lost  his  life  in  a  duel,  A.D. 
1661,  in  the  thirty-third  year  of  his  age:  and  the  said  Sir  Richard 
departing  this  life  on  Jannary  31st,  1664,  aged  about  sixty-five, 
was  buried  at  Eccleston,  in  Cheshire,  and  his  title  and  estate  de« 
Tolved  upon  his  before-mentioned  grandson. 

Sir  Thomas  Grosvenor,  third  Baronet,  who  was  one  of  the  re- 
presentatives in  parliament  for  the  city  of  Chester,  in  the  reigns 
of  Charles  II.  James  il.  and  William  HI.  and  was  Mayor  of 
that  city,  A.D.  1685.  By  commission  dated  June  22d,  that  year, 
he  had  the  honour  of  the  command  of  a  troop  in  the  Earl  of 
Shrewsbury's  regiment  of  horse,  with  which  he  was  at  the  camp 
on  Hounslow-heath ;  and  when  the  bill  was  brought  into  the 
HoQse  for  repealing  the  penal  laws  and  Test  acts,  he  was  closeted 
by  the  King,  and  offered  the  regiment,  and  a  peerage,  for  his 
assent,  which  he  refused,  preferring  the  religion  and  liberty  of 
his  country  to  all  honours  nnd  power,  so  likely  at  that  time  to  be 
attended  with  Popery  and  slavery.  He  thereupon  quitted  his 
Gooimission,  and,  going  to  the  Hoose,  gave  his  negative  to  the 
bill.    He  was  Sheriff  of  the  county  of  Chester,  4  Jac.  II.  and  I 


I 


3A)  P££RAG£  OF  ENGLAND. 

Will,  and  Maiyj  and  died  In  June,  1700,  in  the  forty-fourth  year 
of  his  age. 

This  Sir  Thomas  Grosvenor,  in  1676,  wedded  Mary,*'  solo 
daughter  and  heir  of  Alexander  Davies,  of  Ebury,  in  the  county 
of  Middlesex,  Esq.  and  by  her  (who  departed  this  life  on  January 
42th,  1729-30,  aged  sixty-tive  years)^  had  fire  sons. 

1.  Thomas,  who  died  youog« 

3.  Sir  Richard,  the  fourth  Baronet« 

3.  Sir  Thomas,  the  fifth  Baronet. 

4.  Sir  Robert,  the  sixth  Baronet.    And, 

5.  Roger,  who  died  in  his  infancy. 

By  the  same  Lady,  he  was  likewise  father  of  three  daughters  $ 
!•  Elizabeth.  2.  Mary,  who  both  died  young.  And,  3.  Anne, 
who  was  a  posthumous  child,  being  born  on  July  29th|  1 70O,  and 
on  May  26th,  1730,  married  the  Honourable  William  Lereson 
Gower,  brother  to  John,  late  Earl  Gower.  She  departed  this  life 
on  December  3 1  st,  1 73 1 . 

Sir  Richard  Grosvenor,  fourth  Baronet,  second,  bat  eldest 
surviving  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Grosvenor,  tbird  Baronet,  was  chosen 
one  of  the  members  for  the  city  of  Chester,  to  the  first  parliament 
of  George  L  and  was  returned  at  the  two  ensuing  elections  for 
the  same  city,  of  which  he  was  also  Mayor  in  the  year  1715.  At 
the  coronation  of  King  George  II.  he  acted  as  Grand  Cup-bearer 
of  England,  by  presenting  the  first  cup  of  wine  to  his  Majesty,  to 
drink  out  of,  after  he  was  crowned;  and  had  the  cup  as  his  fee. 
He  performed  that  service,  as  being  lord  of  the  manor  of  Wymon- 
deley,  in  the  county  of  Hertford ;  that  manor  being  held  of  the 
Crown  by  the  tenure  of  grand  serjeanlry. 

This  Sir  Richard  Grosvenor  was  twice  married :  first,  in  17O8, 
to  Jane,  daughter  of  Sir  Edward  Wyndham,  of  Orchard»Wynd« 
ham,  in  the  county  of  Somerset,  Bart,  (grandfather  to  Charles 
Wyndham,  first  Earl  of  Egremont,  of  his  family),  apd  by  her 
Ladjship,  who  died  on  February  6tli,  1719j  had  a  daughter,  Ca- 
therine, who  lived  but  a  few  years. 

And,  secondly,  in  Easter,  1724,  to  Diana,  the  only  daughter  of 
Sir  George  Warburton,  of  Arley,  in  Cheshire,  Bart,  but  by  that 
Lady,  who  departed  this  life  on  February  18th,  1729-30,  had  no 
issue:  and  only  surviving  her  till  July  12th,  1732,  when  he  died 
in  the  forty-fourth  year  of  his  age,  without  marrying  again,  wiis 

'  All  the  Yttt  property  about  London  way  brought  into  the  Grosvenor  fun'tlj 
by  this  maccb.    PtmuaTs  Zmim,  p.  6i«  ' 


EARL  GROSVENOR.  tax 

buried  at  Eccleston^  and  was  succeeded  in  dignity  and  estate  by 
his  next  brother. 

Sir  Thomas  Giosvenor^  the  fifth  Baronet,  who  was  at  that  time 
his  colleague  as  member  of  parliament  for  Chester,  dnd  also  an 
Alderman  of  that  city.  This  Sir  Thomas  died  of  a  consumption, 
at  Naples,  unmarried,  on  January  31st,  1732-3,  in  the  fortieth 
year  of  his  age;  and  was  succeeded  in  honour  and  estate  by  his 
only  surviving  brother^ 

Sir  Robert  Grosvenor,  sixth  Bart,  who  was  also  his  colleague 
as  representative  in  parliament  for  Chester,  having  been  chosen  in 
the  room  of  his  brother.  Sir  Richard.  Sir  Robert  was  likewise 
returned  for  the  same  city  (of  which  be  was  Mayor  in  1737)^  to 
the  next  parliament  summoned  in  1734,  as  also  to  those  convened 
in  1741,  1747,  and  1754/  and,  like  his  worthy  predecessors,  was 
always  numbered  among  the  friends  of  his  country,  both  in  public 
and  private  life. 

In  May,  1730,  be  married  Jane,  the  only  surviving  child  and 
heir  of  Thomas  Warre,  of  Swell-court  (or  Swill-court),  and  of 
Shepton-Beauchamp,  in  Somersetshire,  and  of  Sand-hall,  in  the 
county  of  Southampton,  Esq.  and  by  her  Ladyship,  who  died, 
in  May,  1791>  had  two  sons. 

1.  Richard,  his  heir,  first  Earl  Grosvenor.    'And, 

2.  Thomas  Grosvenor,  of  Swell-court  aforesaid,  Esq.  who  was 
member  in  several  parliaments  for  the  city  of  Chester;  and  died 
February  12th,  1795^  having,  on  September  21st,  17^8,  wedded 
Deborah,  daughter,  and  one  of  the  coheirs  of  Stephen  Skynner, 
of  Waltbamstow,  in  the  county  of  Essex,  Esq.  and  had  by  her 
(who  died  '  10th  April,  1771)  aged  thirty- three,  four  sons ;  1.  Ri- 
chard, bom  October  6th,  1762$  married  Miss  Drax,  sole  heiress 
of — — -  Drax,  Esq.  and  took  the  name  of  Drax.  2.  Stephen, 
bom  December  8th,  }76^,  died  young.  .3.  Thomas,  born  May 
30th,  1764,  a  Lieutenant-general  in  the  army,  and  Colonel  of  the 
ninety- seventh  regiment  of  infantry;  married;  April  6th,  l797y 
Miss  Heathcote,  sister  to  Sir  Gilbert  Heathcote,  Bart.  4.  Robert, 
bora  June  7th,  1767:  likewise  two  daughters;  Maria-Deborah> 
born  August  30th,  1761 ;  and  Emma,  bora  September  26th,  176<5, 
who  died  1793. 

Sir  Robert  Grosvenor,  by  Jane  his  wife,  aforesaid,  was  also  fa- 
ther of  four  daughters;  1.  Mary,  who  -died  2d  Febroary,  ^77^, 
aged  thirty-eight  years,  unmarried.  2.  Elizabeth.  3.  Jane,  who 
died  in  March^  1 737-8.   And,  4.  Dorothy,  who  was  married^  on 

•  Coffio-pbte,  f  Cwffin-platc. 


262  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

February  6tb,  17^»  to  Asheton  Curzon^  Esq.  now  Viscount  CqI' 
son,  and  4ied  February  25ih,  1774. 

The  said  Sir  Robert  Grosvenor,  sixth  Baronet,  departed  this  life 
on  August  1st,  1755,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son. 

Sir  Richard  Grosvenor,  seventh  Baronet,  first  Earl  Gros- 
VBKOR,  who  was  created  Lord  Grosvenor,  Baron  Grosvenor,  of 
Eafon,  in  the  county  palatine  of  Chester,  by  letters  patent  dated 
April  8th,  1761,  1  George  111. 

His  Fjordship,  who  was  the  twentieth  in  paternal  descent  from 
Gilbert  le  Grosvenor,  who  came  to  England,  A.  O.  IO66,  with 
his  uncle..  Hugh  Lupus,  Earl  of  Avrancbes  and  Chester,  nephew 
to  King  William  the  Conqueror,  was,  at  the  general  election,  in 
1754,  returned  to  the  eleventh  parliament  of  Great  Britain  one  of 
the  representatives  for  the  city  of  Chester,  of  which  he  ^  as  Mayor, 
A.D.  17^9 »  and  at  his  Majesty's  coronation,  on  September  22d, 
1761,  officiated  as  Great  Cup-bearer  of  England,  as  his  uncle.  Sir 
Richard,  had  at  that  of  George  II. 

His  Lordship  was  also  for  some  time  Lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Cheshire  militia;  and  likewise  Doctor  of  Laws,  being  so  created 
by  the  university  of  Oxford  in  full  convocation. 

His  Lordship,  on  July  19th,  1764,  married  Henrietta,  daugh- 
ter of  Henry  Vernon,  of  Hilton,  in  the  county  of  Stafford,  Esq, 
by  his  wife.  Lady  Henrietta,  daughter  to  Thomas  Wcntwortb, 
Earl  of  Strafford,  and  sister  to  William,  Earl  of  Strafibrd;  and  by 
her  Ladyship  had  issue, 

1.  Richard,  who  was  born  on  June  6th,  1765,  and  died  on  Maj 
7th,  1766. 

2.  Robert,  now  Earl  Grosvenor,  born  March  22d,  1767. 

3.  Thomas,  born  May  13th,  and  died  10th  June  1768.    And, 

4.  Richard,  born  7th  June,  1769,  and  died  l6th  June,  1770.K 
His  Lordship  was  advanced  to  .the  dignities  of  Fiscount  Belgrave 

and  Earl  Grosvbnor,  July  5th,  1784,  and  died  August  5th, 
1802. 

His  Countess  remarried  in  September,  1 802,  General  Gkorge 
Porter,  M.  P.  for  Stockbridge. 

His  only  surviving  son,  Robert,  succeeded  him  as  second 
Earl  Grosvenor.  During  his  fatl\er*s  life  his  Lordship  sat  some 
years  in  the  House  of  Commons,  and  was  an  occasional  speaker. 
In  17B9  he  was  appointed  a  Lord  of  the  Admiralty,  which  he  held 
till  June  1791. 

%  Coffin-plate. 


£1ARL  GROSVENOR.  tm 

Hh  Lordship  matried»  April  2dth,  1794^  Eleanor  £gertoa>  only 
daughter  of  Thomas^  Earl  of  Wilton,  by  whom  he  has  issue, 

Ilichard,  Viscount  Bdgrave,  born  January  27th,  179^* 

Thomas,  bom  December  30th,  1799^  on  whom  the  Earldom  of 
WUton  is  entailed. 

Robert,  born  April  24th,  1801. 

And  Mary,  born  February  19th,  1802. 

Titles.    Robert  Grosvenor,  Earl  Grosvenor,  Viscount  Bdgravei 
and  Baron  Grosvenor,  and  Baronet. 

Creations.    Bart>net,  February  23d,  1621-2,  19  JacL;   and 
Lord  Grosvenor,  Baron  Grosvenor,  of  Eaton,  in  the  county  pala** 
tine  of  Chester,  April  8th,  1761, 1  George  IIL  Viscount  Belgrave, 
and  Eafl  Grosvenor,  July  5th,  1784^ 
-.   Arms.    AEnre>  a  Garb,  Or.^ 

Crest.    On  a  wreath,  a  talbot,  8tatant>  Or. 

Supporters.    On  either  side,  a  talbot,  reguardant,  Or$  each 
plain  collared.  Azure* 

Motto,      NOBILITATIS,   VIRTUS,    KON    8TBMM4   CHARACTBR. 

Chief  Seats.    Eaton-Hall,  in  Cheshire,  which  he  has  lately  re-* 
built;  and  Halkin-HaU;  in  FlinUhire. 

^  Wicli  the  above  coat  of  arms  his  Lordship  is  intitled  to  quarter  the  armoriai 
bearings  of  sixteen  other  families,  being  descended  from  them  by  heiresses,  i.  Of 
MMerlty^  Argent,  two  chevronB,  Gules,  with  a  cros-croslet,  fitche.  Or,  in  a 
canton.  Gules.     2.  Of  DotPrntif  Sable>  a  stag,  lodged,  Argenr,  attired  and  un- 
gulcd.  Or.    3.  Of  Tidfifi^  Sabk,  a  cross  patonce,  Argent.    4.  Of  ThiumU  three 
pheasants,  close.  Or.     5.  Of  Eiom^  Sable  and  Argent,  quarterwise,  a  cross  psT 
tonce.  Sable  and  Argent.     6.  Of  St^ehxm^  Verty  three  stocks  or  stumps  of  trees, 
couped,  and  eradicated.  Argent.   7.  Of  Cv/cui,  Argent,  bend.  Sable,  between  three 
ogrestts,  or  pellets,  Sable.    8.  Of  RudwArt^  Axure,  an'eagle,  displayed,  Argent, 
armed)  Gules.    9.  Of  Weithnf^  Gu1f8>  three  swords^ in  pale,  points  upwards. 
Argent,  the  pomels  and  hilts.  Or.     lo.  Of  Boiing,  Or,  five  eiglets,  displayed  1 
Sable^  armed,  Ruby»  with  a  canton.  Ermine,     i  x.  Of  Fauhuier^  ^xFckwur^  K^* 
gent,  three  falcons,  close.  Gules.    12.  Of  T/bmctfilM,  Sable,  three  owls.  Or.    13.    * 
Of  FmoAjti,  Axore,  two  bars.  Argent.     14.  OfFermn,  Or,  barry,  Axure.     i^. 
Of  Daviitf  Or,  a  cbeveron,  between  three  mullets,  Sable.    And,  i6«  Of  M^arre, 
Gules,  a  tion  rampant,  semce  of  cross-Croslets,  fitche,  Argent* 


PEfiRA.G£  OF  ENGLAND. 


PRATT  EARL  CAMDEN. 

Of  tbc  name  of  Pratt  there  have  been  fatniliei  of  consideration 
from  'early  titnei,  in  different  parts  of  England,  as  also  in  Ire- 
land i  some  of  them  of  Knightly  degree,  and  those  of  Berkshire, 
were  Baronets. 

The  family  we  are  now  treating  of  were,  as  soon  at  least  as  the 
middle  of  Qocen  Elisabeth's  reign,  settled  at  Careswell  |>riar]-. 
Bear  Collumpton,  in  Deronshire,  which  hodse  and  estate  were 
sold  by  Richard  Pratt  (who,  according  to  tradition,  was  nilnrd 
in  the  Civil  Wars),  to  the  ancestor  of  ihe  present  Mr.  Sydenham, 
whose  scat  it  now  is. 

Which  Richard  was  the  grandfather  of  (he  late  Lord  Chief 
Justice  Sir  John  Pratt,  who,  in  bis  joulb,  was  a  Student  at  the 
University  of  Oxford,  and  afterwards  Fellow  of  Wadbam  College 
there,  and  applying  himself  to  (be  study  of  the  laws,  was  colled 
to  the  Bar,  about  the  end  of  King's  Charles  IPs  reign:  on  Octo- 
ber 1st,  1700,  He  was  called  to  the  degree  of  Serjeant  at  Law. 
He  represented  the  borough  of  Midfaurst,  in  the  county  of  Susaez, 
in  (he  third  and  {bur(h  parliaments  of  Great  Brilain,  hot  yacated 
his  seat  on  bis  appointment  to  be  one  of  the  Jusdces  of  the  Court 
*  of  King's  Bench,  on  October  26tb,  1714. 

On  April  13th,  1718,  he,  with  Mr,  Justice  Tracy,  and  Sir 
James  Montague,  were  appointed  Commissioners  for  the  Custody 
of  the  Great  Seal,  on  the  resignation  of  (he  Lord  Chancellor 
Cowper,  and  on  ibe  nine(eenth  of  the  succeeding  mon(b,  be  was 
constituted  Lord  Chief  Justice  of  the  Court  of  King's  Bench,  in 

»  A  fimily  of  lhi»  name  were  potsrsseil  of  the  minor  of  KnaieiiMe,  in  the 
eouniy  of  Noilhumbcrlind,  in  the  times  of  Heniy  III.  iml  Edwird  I.  See  the 
ucoHDt  of  the  tuBi\j  of  SwyabWD,  io  Wotton'i  English  Buoncuge. 


E^L  CAMDEN.  265 

the  room  of  Lord  Paiker  (afterwards  Earl  of  Macclesfield)*  who 
was  promoted  to  the  office  of  Lord  High  Chancellor  of  England. 
He  was  sworn  of  the  Privy-council>  October  9th,  17I8. 

He  first  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  coheir  of  the  Rev, 
Henry  Gregory,  Rector  of  Middleton  Stoney,  in  the  county  of 
Oxford,  third  son  of  Francis  Gregory,  of  Hordley/  in  the  same 
county,  Esq.  and,  after  her  decease,  he  married  Elizabeth,  daugh- 
ter of  the  Rev.  Hugh  Wilson,  Rector  of  Llandinam,  Vicar  of* 
Trefegwlys,  and  Canon  of  Bangor  (who  was  a  younger  son  of 
John  Wilson,  of  Fynant,  in  the  parish  of  Trefegwlys,  in  Mont* 
gomeryshire,  Esq.  and  of  his  wife,  daughter  of  Lewis  Price,  of 
Perthoyrio,  in  Montgomeryshire,  Esq.)  which  last  Lady  died  July 
20th,  1728. 

By  the  former  he  had  issue  four  daughters. 

1.  Elizabeth,  who  died  uomarried. 

2.  Grace,  married  to  Sir  John  Fortescue,  Knt.  one  of  the  Judges 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  afterwards  created  Lord  For* 
tescue,  in  the  kingdom  of  Ireland. 

3.  Ann,  married  Edward  Gee,  Esq.  of  the  Six  Clerks  Office^ 
who  died  in  1761.    She  died  October  26th,  1797. 

4.  Jane,  married  Thomas  Taylor,  Esq.  Major  of  the  first  regi- 
inent  of  Horse  Guards,  son  and  heir  of  Thomas  Taylor,  of  Popes, 
in  Hertfordshire,  Esq* 

Also  five  sons ; 

1 .  ^Francis  Pratt,"| 

2.  Pratt,  i-died  young. 

3. Pratt,-' 

4,  John  Pratt,  of  Wilderness,  in  Kent,  Esq.  who  succeeded  to 
that  estate  upon  the  death  of  his  father,  February  24thj  1724.  He 
represented  the  port  of  Sandwich,  in  Kent,  in  the  ninth  parlia- 
ment of  Great  Britain;  and  died  in  the  year  177^*  having  mar* 
rled,  first,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  Geoffrey  Jeffreys,  of  Breck* 
nock  Priory,  in  the  county  of  Brecknock,  Knt.  by  whom  he  had 
issue  a  daughter,  Elizabeth,  who  died  May  28th,  I8O7,  and  a 
son,  John  Pratt,  of  Bayham  Abbey,  in  the  county  of  Sussex,  Esq, 
who  married  Sarah,  daughter  and  co-heir  of  Sir  Joseph  Eyles,  of 
Luxborough,  in  tl)e  county  of  Essex.  He  died  April  27tb,  1 7Q7, 
and  ]eft  his  fortune  to  the  present  Earl.  The  father,  after  the 
de^th  of  his  first  Lady,  married,  secondly,  April  lOth,  1/25,  Do* 
rothy,  daughter  of  Robert  Tracy,  of  Coscomb,  in  Gloucestershire 
(younger  son  of  Robert,  Viscount  Tracy,  in  Ireland),  one  of  the 
Judges  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas;  and  by  her,  who  died  in 


260  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

childbed^  23d  March^  1726^  h^d  issae  one  soo,  Robert  Pratt> 
seated  at  Cosoomb  aforesaid ;  appoiated  one  of  the  Masters  in  the 
High  Court  of  Chantery  in  17^7,  returned  Member  of  Parlia-^ 
ment  for  the  borough  of  Horshs^ro,  in  Sussex,  in  17GS,  and  died 
in  July,  177^9  without  issue  by  his  wife,  Mary,  sister  of  John 
Richardson,  Esq.  of  Somerset,  in  the  county  of  Deny,  in 
Ireland. 

5,  Edward  Pratt,  formerly  in  the  service  of  the  East  India 
Company,  died  without  issue. 

Sir  John  Pratt  had  issue,  by  his  second  Lady,  Elizabeth  Wil- 
son, four  daughters : 

1 .  Caroline,  married  to  Herbert,  Baron  de  Munster,  in  West** 
phalia.  Knight  of  the  Teutonic  Order,  and  Lieutenaot-colond  in 
the  Royal  American  regiment  during  the  last  war.  She  died  Sep  - 
tember  23d,  1805. 

2.  Jane,  who  lived  to  a  great  age,  having  married,  December 
1738,  to  Nicholas  Hardinge,  of  Canbury,  near  Kingston,  in  Sur- 
rey, Esq.  grandson  of  Sir  Robert  Hardinge,  of  Eling's  Newton,  in 
the  county  of  Derby,  Knt.  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  in  the  last 
reign:  a  man  eminent  as  a  scholar  and  a  poet;  and  father  of  the 
present  George  Hardinge,  Esq.  one  of  the  Welsh  Judges;  of  Sir 
Richard  Hardinge,  Bart,  and  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hardingfe,  whose 
son.  Captain  Hardinge  of  the  Navy,  has  immortalized  the  name^ 
by  falling  in  the  arms  of  victory  in  one  of  the  most  gallant  actions 
fought  during  the  war.^ 

3.  Anna*Maria,  married  to  the  Right  Honourable  Thomas 
Barret-Lennard,  Lord  Dacre.     She  died  August  11th,  1806. 

4.  Frances,  who  died  unmarried. 
Also  four  sons  J 

1.  Thomas  J'ratt,  appointed  in  October,  1765,  one  of  the 
Clerks  of  the  Treasury,  and  Keeper  of  the  Papers  and  Records  of 
the  Treasury,  and  was  one  of  the  Three  Chief  Clerks  of  the  Trea- 
sury.    He  died  March  igth,  1805,  without  issue. 

2.  William  Pratt,  who  was  an  officer  in  the  service  of  the  South 
Sea  Company,  but  was  cast  away  ^t  sea. 

3.  Charies  Pratt,  the  first  Earl  Camden. 

4.  Robert  Pratt,  who  was  Captain  in  the  Earl  of  Albemarle's 
regiment  of  horse,  and  died  in  Germany,  unmarried. 

The  third  son, 

Charles  Pjiatt,  first  Karl  Camden,  after  a  learned  edtf- 

^  See  Naral  Chroniqlc^ 


EARL  CAMDEN.  267 

catioo>  applied  himself  to  the  stady  of  the  \aw,  and  with  sach 
success,  that  he  became  oDe  of  the  most  eminent  and  successful 
pleaders  at  the  bar.  He  represented  the  borough  of  Oownton,  in 
Wiltshire,  in  parliament,  being  chosen  after  the  general  election 
in  1754,  upon  a  vacancy  for  that  place.  In  175g,  he  was  chosen 
Eecorder  of  Bath,  and  the  same  year  was  made  his  Majes^'s 
Attorney-General.  In  December,  1761,  he  was  constituted  Chief- 
Justice  of  the  Court  of  Common-pleas,  and  received  the  honour 
of  knighthood  j  and  in  1762^  was  called  to  the  degree  of  Serjeant 
at  Law. 

His  Lordship  presided  in  that  court  with  a  dignity,  weighty 
and  impartiality,  never  exceeded  by  any  of  his  predecessors  $  and 
when  John  Wilkes,  Esq.  was  seized  and  committed  to  the  Tower, 
upon  an  illegal  general  warranty  his  Lordship,  with  the  integrity 
of  a  British  magistrate,  and  the  becoming  fortitude  of  an  English- 
man, granted  him  an  Habeas  Corpus^  and  he  being  brought  be- 
fore the  Court  of  Common-pleas,  discharged  him  i'rom  his  con- 
finement in  the  Tower,  on  May  6th,  17^3,  after  stating  the  case, 
in  a  speech,  which  did  him  great  honour.  His  wbe  and  spirited 
behaviour  upon  this  remarkable  occasion,  so  interesting  to  every 
true-born  Briton,  and  in  the  consequent  judicial  proceedings,  be- 
tween the  printers  of  the  North-Briton,  and  the  messengers,  and 
others,  was  io  acceptable  to  the  nation,  that  the  Lord  Mayor,, 
Aldermen,  and  Common-council  of  the  city  of  London,  presented 
him  with  the  freedom  of  their  corporation  in  a  gold  box,  and 
desired  him  to  sit  for  his  picture,  which  was  put  up  in  the  Guild- 
ball,  with  the  following  inscription  at  the  botton  of  the  frame : 

Hanc  Iconem  Caboli  Paatt,  Eq.  sununi  judicis  C,  B.  in 
honor  em  tanti  viri  Anglican  liber  talis  lege  assertoris  Jidi. 
S.  P.  Q.  L,  In  curia  murucipali  poni  jusseruni  nono.  kal. 
Mart.  A, D,  1/64.     Gulielmo  Bridgen,  Arm.Pr^.  l/rb. 

The  Guild  of  Merchants  of  the  city  of  Dublin,  voted  him  the 
freedom  of  their  Guild,  in  a  gold  box ;  the  Corporation  of  Barber- 
Surgeons  of  that  city  voted  him  his  freedom  thereof^  and  the 
Sheriffs  and  Commons  of  Dublin  presented  him  their  thanks 
"  for  the  distinguished  zeal  and  loyally  which  he  has  shewn  in 
asserting  and  maintaining  the  rights  and  liberties  of  the  subject^ 
in  the  high  station  which  he  now  fills^  with  remarkable  dignity ; 
and  for  his  particular  services  to  this  kingdom,  in  the  office  ot 
Attorney  General." 


20S  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

At  a  chamber  held  in  the  city  of  Exeter,  on  Febraarjr  27tb, 
1764,  it  was  resolved  bj  the  Mayor,  Aldermen,  and  Common- 
Council,  "  That  the  Right  Hon.  Sir  Charles  Pratt,  Lord  Chief- 
Justice  of  his  Majesty's  Codrt  of  Common-Pleas,  be  presented 
with  the  freedom  of  this  city;  and  that  he  be  most  respectfully  ' 
requested  to  accept  thereof,  as  an  expression  of  our  profound  ve- 
neration for  his  consummate  abilities,  and  as  a  testimony  of  that 
gratitude  which  he  has  merited  at  the  hands  of  every  Englishman, 
by  the  unshaken  courage  and  inflexible  integrity,  which  he  hath 
so  signally  displayed  in  the  public  administration  of  justice,  and 
in  maintaining  and  vindicating  the  private  liberty  and  property  of 
the  subject,  which  make  so  essential  a  part  of  the  legal  and  con- 
ctitutional  rights  of  this  free  people. 

Ordered,  That  the  admission  to  the  said  freedom  be  presented 
to  his  Lordship  in  a  gold  box. 

Ordered,  That  the  Town-clerk  do  transmit  to  his  Lordship  a 
f^r  copy  of  the  above  resolutions,  with  the  respectful  compliments 
of  this  body." 

A  copy  of  the  said  resolutions  being  transmitted  by  the  Town- 
clerk^  to  his  Lordship,  he  returned  the  following  answer : 

SIR, 

I  received  the  favour  of  yours  this  post,  importing  the  unahi* 
n^ous  resolution  of  the  Chamber  of  Exeter,  to  present  me  with 
the  freedom  of  that  ancient  and  respectable  city;  for  which  I  beg 
you  will  be  pleased  to  return  my  most  respectfgl  thanks,  and  to 
inform  the  Chamber,  that  I  feel  a«  uncommon  pleasure  in  this 
testimony  of  good  will  from  the  city  of  Exeter,  as  it  is  the  capital 
of  that  county  where  my  father,  and  all  his  ancestors,  took  their 
birth,  and  where  I  myself  heretofore  received  an  encouragement 
in  my  practice  far  beyond  my  merits. 

If  I  have  deserved  in  any  part  of  my  conduct  the  approbation 
of  my  countrymen,  as  an  honest  and  impartial  judge,  I  shall  not 
be  ashamed  to  confess,  that  I  take  a  pride  in  that  applause  that 
flows  from  an  opinion  of  my  integrity,  leaving  the  praise  of  capa- 
city to  others  whom  God  has  endued  with  more  shining  parts  and 
superior  abilities. 

I  can  make  no  other  return  (and  I  know  the  Chamber  of  Exeter 
expect  no  other),  for  this  valuable  compliment,  than  a  promise  to 
persevere  in  an  upright  and  impartial  execution  of  my  office;  and 
I  hope  this  promise  will  obtain  some  degree  Of  credit,  when  it  is 
considered^  that  by  deviating  from  this  path,  I  shall  not  only  for* 


EARL  CAMDEN.  269 

feti  the  eite^  of  your  dty,  which  I  am  now  so  honourabl/  pos- 
sessed of,  but  I  shall  likewise  disgrace  my  Bojal  Mastefs  nomi- 
nation^ and  break  my  oath. 

I  am^  Sir, 
With  all  due  respect  to  yourself. 
As  well  as  the  Chamber, 

Your  most  obedient  faithful  servant, 

C.  PRATT. 

Lincoln*s*Inii<«FieId8, 
March  i,  1764. 

The  Common-Council  of  Norwich  also  agreed  to  present  the 
freedom  of  their  Corporation  to  his  Lordship  in  a  gold  box. 

On  October  26th,  1764,  the  Corporation  of  Bath,  of  which 
city  his  Lordship  was  Recorder,  voted  him  their  acknowledgments 
"  for  his  upright  and  steady  conduct,**  and  desired  him  to  sit  for 
his  picture,  '^  as  a  perpetual  memorial  of  what  ought  never  to 
be  forgot  by  them  or  their  posterity,  whilst  the  spiiit  of  law  and 
liberty  remains  in  any  part  of  this  free  and  independent  king- 
dom.** To  which  his  Lordship  returned  a  polite  and  grateful 
answer. 

On  July  16th,  1765,  his  Majesty  was  graciously  pleased,  to  ad- 
vance this  upright  Magistrate  to  the  dignity  of  a  Peer  of  Great 
Britain,  by  the  style  and  dtle  of  Lord  Camden,  Baron  of  Cam" 
den,  in  the  county  of  Kent:  and  on  July  30th^  17^^^  his  Majesty, 
upon  the  resignation  of  Robert,  Earl  of  Northington,  delivered 
the  Great  Seal  to  his  Lordship,  as  Loan  High  Chancellor  of 
Great  Britain ;  in  which  high  office  his  Lordship  most  deserv- 
edly obtained  the  love  and  esteem  of  all  parties ;  but  when  the 
taxation  of  the  Americans  was  in  agitation,  declaring  himself 
against  it,  and  strongly  opposing  it,  he  was  removed  from  the 
office  of  Lord  High  Chancellor,  in  the  year  1770. 

The  truth  is,  that  on  the  meeting  of  parliament,  January  9th, 
1770,  Lord  Chatham  having  opposed  the  address,  his  warmth 
seemed  to  communicate  itself  to  Lord  Camden.  '^  1  accepted  the 
Great  Seal  (said  be),  without  conditions ;  I  meant  not,  therefore^ 
to  be  trammelled  by  his  Majesty  5  (I  beg  pardon),  by  his  Mini* 
sters.  I  have  often  drooped,  and  hung  down  my  head  in  council, 
and  disapproved  by  my  looks,  those  steps,  which  I  knew  my 
avowed  opposition  could  not  prevent;  I  will  do  so  no  longer j  but 
openly  and  boldly  speak  my  sentin^nts." 


270  .  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

His  Lordship  was  advanced  to  the  dignities  of  Viscockt  Bat- 
HAM«  and  Eabl  Camden,  May  13tli,  1786. 

His  Lordship  di  d  April  18th,  1794.^ 

Dr.  Bisset  has  pronoonced  the  following  brief  eulogiom  on 
Lord  Camden.  He  calls  his  Lordship  *'  the  great  bulwark  of 
English  law,  profoundly  versed  in  our  constitution,  with  that  mild, 
dear,  and  nervous  eloquence,  which  is  the  firm  and  efficacious 
instrument  of  wisdom.**' 

His  Lordship  married  Elieabeth,  daughter  and  at  length  sole 
heir  of  Nicholas  Jeffreys,  Esq.  of  the  Priory,  in  Breconshire,  by 
whom,  who  died  December  10th,  1779 f  ^c  had  issue, 

John,  the  present  Earl. 

Frances,  who  married,  June  7th,  ]7^^>  Robert,  Earl  of  Lon- 
donderry, in  Ireland,  and  has  issue. 

Elizabeth. 

Sarah,  whp  married,  in  November  1 779,  Nicholas  Price,  Esq. 
of  Saintfield,  in  the  county  of  Downe. 

Jane,  who  married,  April  35th,  178O,  Sir  Walter- James  James, 
Bart,  of  Langley  Hall,  Berkshire. 

Robert,  who  was  in  the  army,  and  died  unmarried. 

John  Jeffxbys,  only  surviving  son,  succeeded  as  second Eahl 
Camden.  ^ 

His  Lordship  was  born  February  1 1th,  17<59,  and  is  one  of  the 
Tellers  of  the  Exchequer.  In  1782,  he  was  made  a  Lord  of  the 
Admiralty,  which  office  he  held  till  1786;  and,  in  I789,  a  Lord 
of  the  Treasury,  which  he  held  till  1793.  On  March  3 1st,  1 795, 
he  was  appointed  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland,  which  he  held  till 
1798)  and,  on  May  26th,  }804,  was  constituted  Secretary  of 
State  for  the  war  department,  which  he  held  till  July  1805$ 
when  he  was  appointed  President  of  the  council,  which  be 
quitted  in  February  1806;  and  was  again  appointed  to,  March 
I8O7. 

His  Lordship  was  also  elected  in  1/97,  a  Knight  of  the  Gar- 
tcr. 

His  Lordship  married,  December  31  st,  1785,  Frances,  daugb<* 
ter  and  sole  heir  of  William  Molesworth,  Esq.  of  Wenbury,  in 
Devonshire,  and  brother  to  the  late  Sir  John  Molesworth,  Bart, 
of  Pencarrow,  in  Cornwall,  by  whom  he  has 

Frances- Anne,  born  November  21st,  1787, 

•  See  Gent.  Mag.  LXIV.  p,  388.  d  Bitiet,  IT,  ii^. 


EARL  CAMDEN.  %7x 

Georgiana-Elizabeth^  born  July  4th,  1791. 
CaroliDe*Anne,  bora  July  2161,  1792> 
George-Charles,  ViscooDt  Bayham,  bom  May  2d,  1799. 

Titlts,  John  Jeffreys  Pratt,  Earl  Camden,  of  Camden-place, 
in  Kent;  Viscount  Bayham,  and  Baron  Camden. 

Creation,  Baron  Camden,  July  l6th,  x7^5,  5  George  IIL; 
Viscount  Bayham,  and  Earl  Camden,  May  13th,  1786. 

jhms.  Sable,  on  a  fess,  between  three  elephants  heads,  erased. 
Argent,  as  many  mullets  of  the  first.  ■ 

Crest.    On  a  wreath  an  elephant's  head,  erased,  Argent 

Supporters.  On  the  dexter  side  a  grifibn.  Sable,  beak  and 
£>re-Iegs,  Gules;  on  the  sinister,  a  lion  rampant.  Or,  each  gorged 
with  a  collar.  Argent,  charged  with  three  mullets.  Sable. 

Motto.    Judicium  parium  aut  lkx  TEaajB. 

Chief  Seats.  Bayham  Abbey,  Sussex,  near  Tunbridge  Wells  j 
and  Wilderness,  near  Seven  Oaks,  Kent. 


PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND, 


MURRAY  EARL  STRANGE. 

All  antlqoariet  an  agreed,  that  the  comtBon  ancestor  of  thu 
TDOtt  noble  and  &r  spread  ^to'tly  of  the  Murrays,  derive  them- 
kItci  from  one  Fbiikiniti,  a  gentleman  of  note  and  figure  in 
the  reign  of  King  David  I.  who  came  to  the  (hrooe  on  tbe  de- 
mise of  hit  brother,  King  Alexander  I.  anno  1122.  No  body 
can  pretend,  with  any  kind  of  certainty,  to  trace  his  origin,  or  to 
chow  bis  descent;  but  it  may  be  conjectured  that  lie  was  one  of 
those  Sawn  nobles,  who,  with  Cospatrick  and  Arkil,  the  true 
and  genuine  ancestors  of  the  great  families  of  tbe  Earh  of  Duobir 
and  Lennox,  fled  td  Scotland,  upon  the  conquest  of  England,  or 
a  liltle  aAer,  and  were  graciously  received,  and  rewarded  suitably 
to  thdr  birth  and  merit,  with  lands  and  territories,  and  from 
whence  they  or  their  immediate  successors  assumed  somames: 
however,  so  much  is  most  certain,  (bat  this  Friskious,  from  an 
anihentic  voucher,  of  no  less  authority  than  a  charter  under  the 
Great  Seal  of  King  William  ibe  Lion,  held  of  the  crown  in  the 
time  of  King  David  bit  grandfather,  the  lands  of  Sttatbbrock,  b 
Linlithgowshire;  the  lands  of  Dufflns,  Sossile,  &c.  in  the  shire 
of  Murray;*  he  had  two  sons  as  plain  as  a  demonstration,  Wil* 
liam  and  Hugbj  who  are  both  designed  patronimicaliy,  Williel- 
mus  filins  Friskini,  &  Hugo  filius  Friskini,''  who  is  certainly  tbe 
ancestor  of  tbe  family  of  Sutherland,  as  is  plainly  vouched  from 
the  cbartulary  of  the  episcopal  see  of  Murray,  in  the  lawyers  li- 
brary; William  the  son  of  Friskin,  designed  only  by  the  christian 

.        ■  Tbe  origiml  chiTUr  ii  in  [h<  paueuiaii  of  the  Hirl  of  Bucbin. 

*  Fiom  1  louffaEi  in  tbe  Cbirtuliry  af  MamTi  iy  Kobcit,  Blikop  «f  St.  Ati- 


EARL  STRANGE.  V^ 

name  of  his  father^  Willielmus  filius  Friskini^  gets  from  King 
William  a  charter  of  the  lands  of  Strabrock^  Doffus^  Rossile, 
Inchikely  Macher,  and  Kintrai :  "  quas  terras  pater  suus  Friskin 
tennit  tempore  regis  David  avi  raei/*  says  the  King.  The  char- 
ter has  no  precise  date,  but  it  must  be  betwixt  the  years  1 1 68 
and  1 171 ;  for  Felix,  Bishop  of  Murray,  is  a  witness  to  the  King's 
deed;  in  the  year  II68,  he  was  promoted  to  the  episcopal  see  of 
Murray,  and  died  in  that  oj£ce,  II71.® 

This  William,  the  son  of  Friskin,  Willielmus  filius  Friskini, 
as  he  designs  himself,  seems  to  have  been  a  very  considerable 
roan  in  the  court  of  King  Malcolm  IV.  He  is  witness  to  the 
charter  of  that  King  to  Baldwin- Frandense,  of  the  lands  of  Innes; 
and  is  witness  to  the  charter  granted  by  King  William,  of  the 
lands  of  Burgin  to  the  Abbey  of  Kinloss. 

W11.LIAM,  the  third  of  the  line,  his  son,  is  the  first  that  as- 
tamed  the  surname  de  Morravia,  for  he  is  designed  Willielmus 
de  Morravia,  filius  Willielmi  filii  Friskini,  in  a  deed,  whereby 
be  gives  in  pure  and  perpetual  alms,  '^  Deo  et  Eccless  sanctae 
Trinitatis  de  Spiny,  et  coUegio  canonicorum  ibidem  Deo  servien* 
tiam  ecclesiam  de  Artendol,  cum  pertinentis  suis  coram  Hugone 
fratre  meo.*' 

The  reason  I  apprehend  why  he  assumed  (he  surname  de  Mor* 
ravia  from  the  country  of  Murray,  was,  because  he  had  a  great 
estate  and  vast  possessions,  and  had  his  residence  at  DufFus  there. 

Hugo  db  Morravia  was  bis  eldest  son;  for  in  the  Chartulary 
6f  the  see  of  Murray  there  is  an  agreement  betwixt  Archibald, 
Bishop  of  Murray,  and  Walter  de  Morravia,  Alius  quondam  do- 
mini  Hugonis  de  Morravia,  of  a  part  of  the  wood  and  mulr  of 
Spiny,  which  his  father  bad  from  Brnnus.  Bishop  of  Murray,  qui 
docit  ad  Castellum  de  Dufius  in  1226.  This  Walter  de  Morravia 
and  Dominus  de  Duffus,  had  for  certain 

Friskin.  de  Morravia  Dominus  de  Duffus  his  son,  who  is  so 
designed  in  an  agreement  about  the  abounding  of  lands  vnth  the 
Bishop  of  Murray  in  1248;^  he  had  no  male  issue,  and  his  estate, 
both  in  the  Sotith  and  in  the  West  came  to  his  two  daughters,  who 
were  coheirs;  Hellen,  who  was  married  to  Sir  Reginald  le  Chien; 
and  Christian,  to  William  de  Feddereth.'  This  Sir  Friskin  de 
Morravia  is  witness,  together  with  Sir  Malcolm  de  Morravia,  in  a 
efaarter  granted  by  Malise,  Earl  Strathern,  to  Annabella,  his  sister, 
«f  the  lands  of  Kincardine,  which  is  confirmed  by  King  Alex« 

» 

«  Chronicle  de  Mclrcst,  d  Chartulary  o(  Murray.  *  IbI4. 

VOL.  V.  T 


274  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

ander  II.  at  Selkirk,  the  28th  of  June,  the  twenty-second  year  of 
the  Kings  reign,  that  is^.the  year  of  our  Lord  1223. 

This  Sir  Malcolm  Murray^  is  by  some  thought  to  be  brother 
to  this  Sir  Friskin  Murray  of  DufFus,  witnessing  the  Earl  of 
Strathem*s  charter  with  him.    Others  again  think  he  was  uncle 
to  this  Sir  Friskin,  son  to  Sir  William  de  Morravia  of  Duffus; 
however  this  be,  he  is  very  early  branched  from  the  stem,  and  i» 
uncontrovertibly  the  original  ancestor  of  the  most  noble  and  il- 
lustrious family  of  the  'Mukkats  of  Tillibakdinb.      He  for 
certain  had  a  considerable  estate  in  the  county  of  Perth;  for  in 
the  36th  of  Alexander  HI.  he,  Dominus  Malcolmus  de  Morravia, 
Miles,  Vicecomes  de  Perth,  is  witness  to  a  charter  granted  by 
Malesius  Comes  de  Strathem,  Domino  Malcolmo  de  Logic  filio 
quondam  Domini  Malesii  Senescalli  de  Strathern  de  terris  de  Ca- 
tintulloch}  to  the  charter,  Alexander  Comes  de  Buchan  justitia- 
rius  Scotise  is  a  witness.' 

In  an  accouut  of  the  fiunily  drawn  up  in  the  year  iGOO,  Sir 
Malcolm  de  Morravia  (the  certain  and  uncontroverted  ancestor 
of  the  House  of  TiUibardine),  is  mentioned  to  have  got  the  lands 
of  Gask  and  others,  in  the  county  of  Perth,  by  marrying  the 
daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  Gilbert  de  Grask. 

Sk  David  Murray,  one  of  the  ancestors  of  the  Duke  of  Atholl, 
is  designed  David  de  Morravia  de  Crask,  in  a  charter,  by  Euphe- 
mia  Comitissa  de  Strathem,  to  Luke  Sturling,  one  of  the  ancestors 
of  the  family  of  Keir,  of  the  lands  of  Rattern,  in  the  year  1411  ,< 
and  he  is  designed  by  the  title  of  Gask,  by  that  learned  Scottish 
historian.  Dr.  John  Major,  as  one  of  those  illustrious  persons,  who 
were  knighted  by  King  James  I.  for  the  greater  splendor  of  his 
coronation  at  Perth,  anno  1424.    As  we  are  certain  from  un- 
doubted vouchers,  that  Sir  Malcolm  Murray  had  an  estate  in 
Perthshire,  in  the  reign  of  King  Alexander  IT.  that  he  executed 
the  office  of  High  Sheriff  there  in  the  reign  of  King  Alexander 
III.  so  we  are  as  sure,  from  unquestionable  records  and  charters 
in  the  family,,  that  he  gave  to  Sir  William  de  Morravia  his  son, 
y  WiUielmo  de  Morravia  filio  suo  terras  de  Lamabude,**  by  a 
charter  which  is  in  the  hands  of  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Atholl/^ 
Andreas  Episcopus  Moravise,  Willielmus  do  Hayie  de  Locherward 
&  Michael  de  Weenis  Militibos,  being  witness  thereto}  the  char- 
ter is  without  date,  as  is  ytry  usual  in  the  more  ancient  deeds; 

^  Sir  Jamef  BaUbur*$,  Lord  Lyon*i  Colle ctiors  in  B'.hL  Jurid^ 

C  The  original  chaner  in  the  hands  ot  the  Laird  ci  K?ir. 

b  ]«'the  charier ^»t  of  :he  fan^ii^-. 


EARL  STRANGE.  ^ji 

tmt  it  must  be  before  1244,  when  ftom  the  Chronicle  of  Melros9> 
this  prelate^  Andrew  Bishop  of  Murray,  died. 

This  same  noble  and  lUustrioas  person^  Williblmits  de  Moravia 
tnites^  films  quondam  domini  Malcolmi  de  Moravia  militis^  got 
and  obtained  the  lands  and  estate  of  T\illibardine»  in  the  county 
of  Perth^  by  the  marriage  of  Adda^  daughter  of  Malise  Senescal 
de  Strathem,  by  Mauriele  his  wife^  daughter  and  heir  of  Congal 
filius  Duncan!  filii  Malcolmi*  There  is  in  the  custody  of  his  Grace 
the  Duke  of  Atholl^  a  charter  of  King  Alexander  11.  under  the 
Great  Seal,  ratifying  and  confirming  a  former  deed  and  grant  by 
Robertus  comes  de  Stratbem,  Congal  filio  Duncani^  filio  MaU 
oolmi,  de  illis  terris  in  villa  de  Cacherlanuch  quae  dicitur  TulH>- 
bardine,  and  bears  date  the  3d  of  Aprils  the  twentieth  year  of  the 
King's  reign,  that  is,  the  year  1231;  to  which  deed  Bishop  Ron- 
dington  of  Glasgow,  the  Chancellor,  Is  a  witness.  Sir  William 
got  also  a  ratification  of  the  charter  of  the  lands  and  estate  of 
Tullibardine,  from  his  Lady's  brother,  Heoricus  filius  quondam 
domini  Malesii  Senecalli  de  Strathern,  whereby  he  confirms  for 
bim  and  his  heirs,  illam  donationem  quam  domina  Mauriela  ma- 
ter  mea  filia  Congal  dedit  et  concessit  domino  Wiilielmo  de 
Morravia  filio  domini  Malcolmi  de  MorTavia>  et  Add«  filise  dictae 
dominae  Mauriele,  sororls  meae  de  Tullibardine,  secoodnm  teno- 
rem  chartse  quam  dictus  doniinus  Willielmus,  et  Adda  soror  mcs 
habent  de  predicta  Mauriele  matre  mea.  Apud  DufFaly  die  Mar- 
tis  in  Vigilia  omnium  sanctorum,  anno  domini  millessimo  ducen- 
tesimo  octogessimo  quarto.^ 

Upon  the  death  of  Queen  Margaret,  the  grandchild  and  heir 
of  King  Alexander  III.  anno  129O,  when  the  competition  arose 
about  the  right  of  6uccession  to  the  crown,  betwixt  John  Baliol 
and  Robert  Bruce,  the  decision  and  determination  whereof  was, 
by  both  parties,  referred  to  King  Edward  I.  of  England)  the 
whole  country,  as  usual  upon  such  occanons,  and  in  like  cases, 
sided  and  attached  themselves  to  the  different  rivals |  Sir  William 
Murray,  of  Tullibardine,  or  Tholibardine,  as  the  rdeord  my 
voucher  calls  him,**  took  part  with  John  Baliol ;  and  being  a  per« 
son  of  cbaractier  and  figure,  was  one  of  those  Barons  that  went  to 
Berwick,  the  place  of  meeting,  for  giviog  decision  in  the  point 
for  supporting  the  claim,  and  where  he  gave  his  oath  of  fealty 
and  subjection  to  King  Edward  as  direct  and  superior  Lord  of 
^tland^^  but  in  this  Sir  William  Murray  was  not  alone,  for  even 
the  competitors  themsdves,  the  very  guardians  of  Scotland,  and 

'  Ftttit  9tt^en9  de  Atholf.  ^  Rymer  aad  Prio.  >  Rymcr. 


ilQ  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

indeed  all  the  Scotnaeo  aboot  him,  did  the  like.    The  King  of 
England's  decision  in  fsTonr  of  John  BsUol,  ooold  not  be  ^eiy 
agreeable  to  Sir  William  Moiray,  who  had  so  strenoooslj  asserted 
bis  prefenble  right  and  title,  and  submitted  to  him  as  King». 
when  the  crown  of  Soolland  was  adjudged  to  belong  to  him  on 
the  19th  of  No?ember  1202.™    Two  years  after  this,  anno  1294, 
a  war  breaking  oat  between  England  and  France,  King  Edward 
thinking  himadf  assured  of  all  the  assistance  the  King  and  king* 
dom  of  Scotland  could  give  him,  at  least  he  flattered  himself  so 
far  as  to  think  thej  would  not  at  once  disobey  his  commandmeoti 
and  baulk  his  entreaty,  for  he  made  use  of  both;  and  on  the  29th 
of  June,  of  the  year  1294  aforesaid,  he  sent  from  Portsmouth  no 
less  than  fifteen  distinct  letters  to  King  John  himself,  and  to  others^ 
of  the  first  rank  and  quality  in  Scotland,  and  among  others,  to 
Sir  Winiam  Murray,  of  Tullibardine)**  all  whom  he  required 
upon  tfadr  allegiance,  and  entreated  as  his  firiends,  to  come  in  per- 
son^ if  they  possibly  could,  to  London,  with  their  men,  horses,  and 
arms,  and  to  be  ready  on  the  ist  day  of  September  next,  to  go 
over  with  him  to  France,  in  order  to  assist  him  in  the  recoyering 
of  his  province  of  Gascony.    But  by  this  time  the  Scotch  nation 
were  grown  weary  of  their  superior  King  Edward,  and  did  not 
like  the  encroachments  he  had,  by  fraud,  force,  and  violence, 
made  upon  their  constitution  and  independency  j  so  that  his  sum* 
mooses  by  this  time  were  but  little  regarded;  for  they  did  not 
think  themselves  bound- to  keep  oaths  so  violently  extorted  from 
them  by  so  eminent  an  invader  of  their  liberties  and  independency. 
What  became  of  Sir  William  Murray,  of  Tullibaidine,  after  this^ 
or  what  part  he  acted  in  the  calamitous  war  that  soon  after  en« 
sued,  for  want  of  vouchers  to  direct  me,  I  cannot  tell,. and  at  this 
distance  I  will  not  ofter  any  conjecture.     I  observe  from  Mr. 
Rymer*s  Foedera  and  Prin*s  Collections,  there  were  really  more 
gentlemen  of  the  surname  of  Murray,  even  at  that  time,  with  ter- 
ritorial designations,  than  of  any  other  family  whatsoever  5  for 
'  there  is  Sir  William  Murray,  of  Tullibardincj  Sir  William  Mnr-' 
ray,  of  Drumfargard ;  and  Sir  Andrew  Murray,  of  Both  well ;  whom 
I  look  upon  to  be  all  near  relations  to  one  another,  aod  of  th« 
same  blood  aod  kindred. 

By  Dame  Adda  his  wife,  aforesaid.    Sir  William  Murray 
had, 

Ahdxbw,  his  son  and  heir,  who  gave  in  pure  and  perpetual 
■  Rymer.  o  R/mcr's  Fcdera  Anglic  ad  Aanum  1394. 


EARL  STRANGE.  277 

^alms  to  the  monks  of  lochaffiy*  usuallj  deaigDed  Insula  MisBa* 
nam,  a  certain  annuity  oat  of  a  part  of  bis  lands  of  TallibardiQc, 
which  had  been  formerly  In  dispute  betwixt  him  and  the  Abbot 
and  Convent,  and  tliis  he  eiqpresaes  for  the  health  of  bis  soul,  &c. 
This  mortification  bean  date  the  l6th  of  December,  St.  Bean  s 
day,  of  the  year  1331.*^  This  gentleman,  upon  the  incoming  of 
Edward  BaUol,  in  the  year  1332,  was  one  of  those  who  had  got 
into  the  notion  that  he  still  had  a  better  and  nearer  title  to  the 
crown  than  the  Brace  ftmily  in  proximity  of  blood;  and  for  that 
veasoD  he  did  not  oppose  him,  bat  rather  seemed  to  favour  the 
attempt  he  was  making  to  recover  his  crown:  he  did  not  indeed 
join  his  armyy  bat  he  caosed,  or  suffered,  some  of  his  dependants 
to  fix  a  stake  in  the  river  of  £rn,  where  it  was  most  fordable^ 
which,  it  seems,  was  the  signal  that  had  been  concerted  on  to  let 
the  enemy  mareh  over  to  attack  the  Scots,  that  lay  encamped  at 
Dnplins}  the  stratagem  had  all  the  success  that  coold  be  desiMdj 
the  Scots  army  were  secure,  not  dreaming  any  enemy  was  near 
them,  and  were  veiy  ctisadvantageoody  attacked  before  they  could 
scarce  get  to  their  arms,  and  a  very  bloody  battle  ensued,  in  which 
Edward  Baliol,  pretender  to  the  crown,  had  the  l>etter,  and  open 
that  was  crowned  at  Sooon  $  but  the  very  next  year,  things  iakiog 
a  more  favoarable  turn  for  King  David,  and  the  Scots,  afler  a 
long  siege,  having  made  themselves  masters  of  the  town  of  I^rth, 
many  prisoners  were  taken,*  and  among  others  this  gentleman, 
who,  being  indicted,  tried,  and  condemned  fiNr  high  treason,  snf* 
fered  accordingly.  This  gentleman's  death  was  revenged  veiy 
severely  by  the  English  $  for,  without  any  visible  cause,  Sir  John 
Graham,  the  Earl  of  Monteith,  who  was  t^ioea  prisoner  in  the 
battle  of  Darham,  was  execated  at  Westminster,  as  a  traitor  to 
the  crown  of  England;  because  in  the  crowd  of  otlier  Scotchmen 
he  had  sworn  iealty  to  King  Edward  of  England.  This  Earl'a 
death  was  a  kind  of  reprisal  for  the  death  of  Sir  Andrew  Murray, 
of  Tallibardine,  who  lost  his  life  in  supporting  the  interest  of  a 
Tretender,  which  the  crown  of  England  had  exerted  its  full 
strength  to  have  estabfisbed  on  the  throne.    He  left  a  son. 

Sir  William  Momy,  of  Tullibardioe,  who,  ailer  the  death 
of  his  father,  had  a  charter  irom  Malice,  then  Earl  of  Strathem, 
his  superior,  of  his  estate  of  Tuttibardine,  on  the  resignation  of 
Adda  de  Morravia,  avia  dicti  WilUelmi.  In  this  deed  Sir  Wil- 
liam  de  Montifixo  josticiarius  Scotis  ex  parte  boreali  aqa«  de 

t ,  Chartttlary  of  Inchraffy. 


VS  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Forth,  is  a  witness^  who  execated  that  office  in  the  year  1335, 
&C.P    This  William  was  succeeded  bj 

John  de  Morravia^  de  Tullibardine,  who  had  a  gnnt  from  Sir 
Alexander  de  Abcmethy  miles^  de  Terns  de  Pickerling  in  Baroohi 
de  Banbricky  in  vicecomitatu  de  Fife.    He  was  soeceeded  by 

Waltbrus  de  Morravia,  de  Tallibardine,  who  in  1358^  upon 
Robert  the  great  Steward  of  Scotland's  coming  to  be  Comes  de 
Strathern,  grants  a  charter^  **  Waltero  de  Morra?ia,  de  Tenia 
de  Tullihardine  and  Concusse :"  and  King  David,  in  the  33d  year 
of  his  reign ^  by  a  charter  under  the  Great  Seal,  ratifies  and  con- 
firms^ ''  Chartam  quas  dilectus  nepos  noster  Robertas  Comes  de 
Stmt  hern,  senescallus  Scotiae^  fecit  concessit  Waltero  de  Morravia 
de  TuUib^rdioe  &  Concusse,  ac  etiam  chartam  quam  quondam 
Alexander  Abernethy  miles  fecit  Johanni  de  Morravia,  de  Tulli<« 
bardine,  de  Terris  de  Pekerling  in  Barronia  de  Baabrick  in  vice- 
Gomitatu  de  Fife."  The  charter  is  in  the  registers  of  the  Great 
Seal,  anno  1362.  This  same  Walterus  de  Morravia,  de  Tuliibar- 
dine,  gave  to  the  Monastery  of  St.  Servan,  of  Culcross,  &  mona- 
chift  ibidem  Deo  servientibns,  totas  terras  soas  de  Aldtoa  pro 
salute  animi  sui  &  Margareise  sponsse  suss,  parentum>  progenito- 
rum  &  successorum  suorum  Testibus,  Walterus  Episcopus  Dnn^ 
blanen  j  Johannes  Abbas  de  Duafermling>  Dominos  Thomas  Bis- 
set,  Dominus  de  Fife,  Robertus  de  Erskine,  Dominus  Ejusdem, 
Andreab  de  Valoniis  militibus,  Allanlis  de  Erskine,  Roberta?  ae* 
nescallus  de  Innermeath^  Michael  de  Balfour,  Robertus  Hakyth^ 
ho  multis  aliis.  Of  this  charter,  though  it  wants  a  date,  yet  the 
time  may  be  easily  fixed,  since  Thomas  Bisset  is  a  witness,  who 
had  married  the  Lady  Isabel,  the  daughter  and  heir  of  Duacan> 
Earl  of  Fife,  and  upon  that  came  to  be  designed  Dominus  de  Fife, 
Sox  we  know  exactly  when  the  marriago  happened^  from  a  cfaar-< 
ter  under  the  Great  Seal  of  King  David  confirming  a  marriage 
settlement,  inter  Dominum  Thomam  Bisset  &  laabellam  de  Fifi^ 
domidam  ejusdem,  dated  January  10th,  1362>4  and  another  on 
June  6th,  the  same  year  1S62.  After  the  marriage  took  place, 
there  is  a  charter  under  the  Great  Seal>  Domino  Thomie  Bisset 
de  toio  &  integro  comitato  de  Fife,  &  haeredibus  suis  masculis 
inter  ipsnm  &  Isabellam  de  Fife  legitime  procreandis :  so  that  the 
precise  date  of  this  charter  of  mortification  is  in  the  year  1362  i 
it  is  afterwards  confirmed  to  the  Abbot  and  Convent  of  CuJross» 
by  King  Robert  III.  ^t  Dunfermliog,  the  20ih  of  March,  in  thQ 

P  Charter  in  the  charter  chest  of  the  family. 
%  la  the  Rcj^iiZers  of  the  Qreat  Seal  in  the  Kecord9«. 


EARL  STRANGE.  2T9 

firet  year  of  hi«  reign,  anno  1390.'  From  the  writs  of  the  fiimU/ 
it  appears,  that  this  Walter  Murray  de  Tollibardine  was  married 
to  Margaret  de  Baurd,  as  she  is  designed,  who  was  of  the  ancient 
family  of  the  Bairds,  of  Camnethan,  in  the  county  of  Lanerk, 
where  they  bad  long  continued  in  lustre.  By  this  lady  he  had  a 
son,  his  heir  and  successor. 

Sir  David  Murray,  designed  first  of  Gask,  and  then  of  Tilli- 
bardine,  as  is  before  observed;  he  is  designed  David  de  Moravia 
de  Gask,  in  a  charter  granted  by  Eupharo,  Countess  Palatine  of 
Strathem,  Luce  de  Strivelyn  de  terris  de  Ratherns  it  is  dated  at 
Perth,  the  8th  of  November,  1414,  to  which  there  are  witnesses, 
Robertos  Senecallus  Comes  de  Fife,  &  de  Monteith,  guberna- 
tor  regni  Scotias,  Walterus  senescallus  Comes  Athole  &  Caith- 
ness, Willielmus  dominns  Graham,  Johannes  de  Weems  dominus 
fjosdem,  militibos,  David  de  Morravia  de  Gask,  Thomas  de  Brys- 
ban  &  Tristam  de  Gorthy,  scutiferis.*    He  is  one  of  those  noble 
persons,  whom  King  James  J.  honoured  with  knighthood,  for  tho 
greater  splendor  of  his  coronation  at  Perth,  1424.    The  authority 
of  this  is  from  Dr.  John  Major)  but  I  must  caution  my  reader,  . 
that  he  is  designed  David  Macy  de  Gaskf  but  it  is  either  designed 
as  a  contraction  of  Murray,  or  one  of  the  typographical  errors 
the  book  abounds  in,  of  which,  I  may  venture  to  say,  this  is  but 
one  of  a  hundred.    In  the  year  1445,  Sir  David  Murray,  of  Tilli* 
bardine  (according  to  a  humour  that  then  much  prevailed  among^ 
great  men,  of  founding  collegiate  churches,  the  patronage  of 
which  they  absc^utely  reserved  to  themselves,  and  that  they  might 
have  the  benefit  of  the  divine  offices  near  at  hand),  founded  and 
oidowed  a  college  at  Tullibardine,  just  by  his  own  castle,  which 
h6  provided  with  a  Provost  and  four  Prebends,  which  became  a 
constant  fiind  of  provision  for  the  younger  sons  of  the  more  re- 
mote branches  of  the  family  in  an  ecclesiastic  way  j  till  it  wat 
suppressed  at  the  reformation  of  religion  with  the  other  religious 
houses,  which  were  then  deemed  nurseries  of  superstition. 

Within  the  Collegiate  church  of  Tn)libardine»  on  the  west  end 
of  the  wall,  are  the  arms  of  the  founder.  Sir  David  Murray,  and 
bis  Lady,  Dame  Isabel  Stuart,  impaled,  the  three  stars  within  the 
border  of  Murray,  and  the  fesse  cbequee  and  the  gaily  for  Stuart 
of  Lorn,  of  which  family  this  Lady  was  a  daughter. 

He  married  Isabel,  daughter  of  John  Stuart,  of  Innermcatfa, 


r  Id  the  Registei^  10  the  puUic  Archiveif 
9  Charts  penes  Dom'mom  Keir, 


280  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Lord  Lorn/  ancestor  to  the  Earl  of  AthoU  of  that  name^  by  whom 
he  had  issue^ 

Sir  William,  the  eldest,  the  heir  of  the  family.  ' 

John  Murray,  the  second,  designed  of  Drysall.*' 
Patrick,  the  third,  who  got  in  patrimony  the  lands  of  Ddlary 
and  Drye,  Isle  of  Auchtertyre.^    He  wski  Sheriff  depute  of  Perth** 
shire,  under  his  brother  Sir  William  Murray,  of  Tullibardiue,  in 
the  reign  of  King  James  IIL  anno  1465.^    Of  his  eldest  son  and 
heir  is  lineally  descended  Sir  William  Murray,  of  Aucbtert3rrej 
Bart.;  and  of  Niniau,  a  younger  brother,  who  got  in  patrimony 
the  lands  of  Dollary,  are  sprung  the  Murrays  of  Dollary  i  of  whom 
again  by  a  younger  son,  Patrick  Murray,  of  Newraw,  came  the 
Murrays  of  Woodeod;^  and  of  them  issued  of  a  second  brother,  who 
was  a  clergyman,  Mr. William  Murray,  parson  of  Dysart,  Williaca 
Murray,  Esq.  created  Earl  Dysart,  by  King  Charles  I.  in  the  yeac 
1646,  from  whose  daughter,  Elizabeth,  Countess  of  D]rsart,  and 
Duchess  of  Lauderdale,  the.  honour  and  dignity  of  Earl  of  Dysart 
devolved  to  Sir  Lionel  Talmache,  of  Helmingham,  Bart,  her  son^ 
James,  of  whom  are  come  the  Murrays  of  the  house  of  Strawan. 

Alexand^,  who  was  the  ancestor  of  the  Murrays  of  Tipper- 
muir,  who  were  a  considerable  fanuly,  and  were  well  allied  to 
the  be^t  families  in  Perthshire;  they  have  still  a  male  representa- 
tive, though  he  be  out  of  the  estate,  which  was  once  very  conu- 
derable. 

Sir  David  Murray,  of  Tullilkrdine,  had,  besides  these  sons* 
several  daughters. 

Marietta,  who  was  married  to  Sir  Malcolm  Drummond,  of 
Cargill,  ancestor  to  the  Earls  of  Perth.  The  contract  is  by  way 
of  indenture,  dated  at  Auchterarder  14th  July,  1443;  the  mar- 
riage portion  is  eight  hundred  marks,  good  and  usual  money  of 
the  Kingrick  of  Scotland,  to  be  paid  at  eight  different  terms  ant* 
nually.  There  are  other  mutual  clauses  of  mutual  support  and 
friendship  betwixt  the  families  in  the  strongest  and  most  s^nifi'- 
cant  terms  that  can  be  expressed ;  and  particularly,  that  William 
Murray  and  Patrick  Murray,  two  of  Sir  David's  sons,  shall  be 
aiding  and  assisting  to  their  new  ally  to  the  utmost  of  their  power 
and  ability.  There  are  witnesses  to  this  contract  Michael,  Bishop 

t  Wiits  of  the  hottte  0/  TuHibardioe,  penes  Ducero  de  AthoU, 

"  Xbid.  X.  Cbarta  peoes  Ducem  de  Acholl. 

7  Chaita  penes  Dom.  de  Glenegics. 

s  Charta  penes  Laurcatium  OJiphaot  de  Gask, 


EARL  STRANGE.  eta 

of  Danblaio,  Patrick,  Lord  Gndumf^  Patrick,  Lord  Glamtnw^ 
&c. 

Isabel,  who  was  married  to  Malcolm  Drummond,  of  Concraig/ 
tbeo  Steward  of  Strathern. 

Christian,  who  was  married  to  Murdoch  Mooteitb,  of  Rodcj, 
at  .that  time  a  great  BaroD  io  the  county  of  Perth,^  by  whom  he 
had  two  daughters  his  heirs;.  Agnes^  who  was  married  to  Sir  John 
Haldaoe,  of  Gleoegies;  aod  Margaret,  to  John  Napjer^  of  Mar* 
cheston,  ancestor  to  the  Lord  Napier. 

William  Muraat,  of  Tullibardhae,  the  son  and  successor  of 
Sir  David,  made  a  veiy  considecable  figure  in  his  time.  He  ese« 
cuted  the  office  of  High  Sheriff  of  the  county  of  Perth,  in  the 
leign  of  James  II,  and  III.^  whieh  he  discharged  by  his  brother, 
Patrick  Murrsy,  the  ancestor  of  Auqhtertyre,  as  his  deputy  in  the 
o£Boe.  '  He  was  frequently  in  the  Parliaments  as  a  Baron  of  7e- 
nure;  and  in  the  year  1458,  he  was  one  of  the  Lords  named  for 
the  administration  of  justice,  who  were  the  King's  daily  council.^ 
We  find  him  also  one  of  the  Plenipotentiaries  in  a  treaty  with 
the  English,  in  1458,  to  treat  of  a  peace,  or  the  continuation  of  a 
truce  betwixt  the  two  nations.  He  enlai^ed  the  college  of  Tulli<- 
bardine,  founded  by  his  father )  and  built  that  part  towards  the 
west  where  his  arms  and  his  lady's  are  impaled,  the  three  stars 
within  the  double  tressure,  and  a  cross  engrailed  for  Colquhoun, 
finely  cut  in  stone  on  the  outside  of  the  wall.  He  married  Mar* 
garet,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Colquhoun,  of  Luss,  Knt.  in  the 
county  of  Dumt>arton,  who  was  Lord  High  Chamberlain  in  the 
reign  of  King  James  IIL  by  whom  he  had  a  numerous  issue;  the 
tradition  is,  they  had  sc?enteen  sons,  of  whom  a  great  many  of 
the  different  families  of  the  Murray s  throughout  the  kingdom 
ane  descended;  Sir  William  was  the  eldest,«George,  Abbot  of 
Inchaffry,  the  younger  soa,^  John  Murray,  of  Gralvamore,  is  called 
another;  the  ancestors  of  the  Murrays  of  Newton,  Balberton, 
&c.  &c.  are  said  to  be  two  of  the  seventeen  brothers  of  TuUi^ 
bardine. 

Sir  William  Mxtrray,  of  Tullibardine,  the  eldest  son,  and 
next  in  the  line  of  this  noble  j^mily,  was  in  a  high  degree  of  fa- 
vour with  King  James  III.  There  is  a  charter  in  the  custody  of 
his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Atholl,  by  that  Prince,  Dilecto  nostro  ac 
familiari  milid  Willielmo  de  Mprravia,  de  Tullibardine,  pro  suo 

«  Charta  penes  Don.  Glencgies.  b  Ibid.  c  IbM. 

^  Wnct  belonging  to  the  family  of  Bo&well  of  Balnutto. 

9  Deeds  in  the  possesiion  of  Laurence  Oiiphaat,  of  Cask, 


Ma  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

fiddi  servido  nobis  impenso  seneacalliain  nofttram  oomitalos  de 
6tnitbern»  ac  dominii  de  Balqohidder.  This  chatter  of  the  Stew- 
srtry  of  Strathern^  and  Lordship  of  Balqohidder,  is  dated  18th 
Janoary^  1482.  In  the  first  parliament  of  King  James  IV.  anno 
1488,  we  find  him  sitting  as  a  member;  for  we  may  remark,  that 
although  the  smaller  Barons  were  dispensed  hj  an  act  of  King 
James  1.  from  personal  attendance  in  parliament,'  anno  1427^  jret' 
the  greater  Barons,  even  under  the  degree  of  Lords  of  Parliament* 
were  not,  but  sat  there  in  virtue  of  their  Baronies;  for  though 
these  great  Barons  came  but  seldom  to  parliament,  yet  there  was 
DO  law  excluding  them,  but  that  they  might  take  their  seats  there 
whenever  they  had  a  mind,  even  though  they  were  not  called  by 
the  King's  writi  or  goieral  precept.  In  the  parliament  1492,  he 
got  a  special  act  in  his  fevour,  ratifying  the  grant  formerly  made 
to  him  of  the  Stewartry  of  Strathern,  which  is  in  the  archives  of 
the  fiunily.  And  in  1495,  we  find  him  concerned  in  a  treaty  with 
the  English,  for  the  keeping  of  a  good  understanding  betwixt 
the  two  realms.s  In  ISQ7,  Sir  William  Murray  by  this  time  be« 
ing  grown  aged,  the  King  grants  to  his  well  beloved  and  ^miliar 
Knight,  as  he  designs  him.  Sir  William  Murray,  of  Tullibardine, 
a  full  exoneration  in  reg^ard  of  his  great  age,  dispensing  with  his 
attendance^  or  coming  either  to  courts^  or  even  to  the  King's  host 
iUelf; 

He  married  Catharine,  daughter  of  Andrew,  Lord  Grey,*'  by 
whom  be  had  John,  his  eldest  son  and  heir  apparent,  who  mar* 
ried  Eljzabeth,  a  lady  of  the  faipily  of  the  Crichtons,^  but  died 
without  issue  in  the  lifetime  of  his  father* 

William,  second  son,  who  was  the  heir  of  the  family. 
Sir  Andrew,  the  th'u-d  son,  who  got  a  good  estate  in  marriage 
with  Margaret,  the 'daughter  and  sole  heir  of  James  Barclay,  of 
Amgosk  and  Keppo,  and  became  the  ancestor  of  the  Murrays  of 
Balvaird;  since  dignified  with  the  title  of  Lord  Balvaird  and  Vis« 
count,^  of  which  branch  is  likewise  the  present  Earl  of  Mansfield  j 
Pavid  Murray  of  Strathgeth.'     He  had  also  two  daughters  j 


f  Blick  acu  of  parliament,  t  Foedera  AngUae. 

h  Charta  peoei  Ducem  de  Atboll. 
I  Charter  to  this  John  Murray,  ion  and  heir  apparent  of  Sir  William  Mumy, 
of  TullibardlD«,  and  co  his  Lady,  under  the  Great  Seal,  in  the  public  Records  i« 
1485. 

^  Chart  a  penes  Vicecomitem  de  Stomont* 
'  Cbwia  lA  Archives^ 


£ARL  STRANGE.  283 

Chruttan,  married  to  George  Lord  SetOD^  ancestor  to  the  Barls  of 
Winton;"^  and  Elizabeth,  to  Thontias  Stuart^  of  Gaimtully.(^ 

He  died  in  1509,  and  was  sncceeded  by 

William,  his  son  and  heir,  who  is  designed,  filius  9c  hseret 
quondam  domini  WilHelmi  Morray,  de  Tnllitiardinei  in  a  diarter 
under  the  Great  6ea1,  anno  1510,^ 

He  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  John,  Duke  of  AthoU^P  by 
whom  he  had  William,  his  eldest  son  and  heir,  Andrew  and  Da- 
vid 5  also  a  daughter,  Helen,  married  to  Alexander  Seaton,  of 
Parbroath,^  in  the  county  of  Fife.    Which 

William,  in  1542,  obtained  a  charter  under  the  Great  Seal^ 
whereby  his  estate  was  granted  to  himself  and  Catharine  Camp* 
bell  his  wife,  in  conjunct  infeofinent,  and  a  new  inyestiture  of  his 
whole  fortune,  under  the  Great  Seal,  to  himself  in  life-rent,  and 
to  William  his  son,  and  heir  apparent  in  fee,  and  to  the  heira 
male  6f  his  body  5  which  failing,  to  Alexander  and  James  Murray, 
his  sons,  and  to  the  heirs*  male  of  their  bodies  respectively;  which 
failing,  to  Andrew  Murray,  brother-german  to  William  Mur« 
ray,  of  Tullibardine,  and  to  the  heirs  male  of  his  body;  which 
failing,  to  David  Murray,  brother  to  the  said  William  also,  and 
to  the  heirs  male  of  his  bsdy;  which  failing,  to  David  Murray, 
of  Auchtertyre,  and  to  the  heirs  male  of  Us  body  5  which  failing, 
to  Alexander  Murray,  of  Strowan,  and  to  the  heirs  male  of  his 
body;  which  filing,  to  John  Murray,  of  Wallacetoun,  and  to  the 
heirs  male  of  his  body;  all  which  failing,  to  his  nearest  and  law* 
fol  heirs  whatsoever/ 

He  married  Catharine,  daughter  of -Sir  Colin  Campbell,  of 
Glenorchy,  an^restor  to  the  Earl  of  Breadalbane,*  by  whom  he 
had  issue  four  sons;  1.  Sir  William,  his  heir.  2.  Alexander,  a 
Colonel  in  the  Dutch  service.  3.  James  Murray,  of  Purdbvia. 
4.  Andrew:  also  four  daughters;  I.  Annabella,  married  to  John, 
Lord  Erskine,  afterwards  Earl  of  Mar»  and  Regent  of  Scotland, 
in  the  minority  of  King  James  VL  2.  Eupham,  to  Robert  Stew* 
art,  of  Rosjth,  an  ancient  family  in  Fifeshire;^  and,  secondly,  to 
Jlobert  I^tcairn,  Commendator  of  Dumfermling,   Secretary  of 

m  Ibid,  >  ChstU  pcacs  Dom.  Geo.  Stoart, 

o  Charts  penea  Dscem  de  Atholl,  ad  annum  15 10. 

P  Ibid. 
n  Sir  Richard  Maitland^s  Hittory  of  the  House  of  Seaton,  MS« 

'In  publicis  Archivis. 

*  Charter  under  the  Great  Seal  in  the  Recordi,  ad  annum  J$y%t 

(  }bidcm.  Charter  in  the  Charter  Cheat  of  Rotvt^, 


M4  P£ERAG£  OF  ENGLAND. 

Sutc  in  the  minority  <if  King  James  Vl.»  and,  lastly,  to  P^triok. 
Gray,  of  Innergouty.''  3.  Catharine,  to  Bobert  Murray,  x»f  Aber- 
cairny.^  4.  Jean,  to  James  Hendexsoo,  of  Forddl,'  in  the  county 
of  Fife. 

He  died  anno  1362,  and  was  succeeded  by 

William,  his  son  and  heir,  who  was  a  gentleman  of  great 
parts  and  reputation,  likewise  very  instrumental  in  bringing  about 
the  reformation.  He  was  one  of  the  Barons,  who,  in  virtue  of 
their  Baronies  sat  in  parliament  1560,''  and  established  the  re- 
formed doctrine,  tbou|^  he-does  not  appear  to  have  been  con- 
cerned in  those  violences  committed  by  the  more  zealous  men  of 
his  own  party.  Upon  the  Queen's  return  from  France  in  1561, 
he  was  much  in  her  favour  and  confidences  had  likewise  the 
honour  to  entertain  her  Majesty,  at  his  house  at  Tullibardine, 
several  dmes  in  her  progress  to  the  Norths  he  was  also  appointed 
of  the  Privy  Council,  and  in  1565,  was  constituted  Comptroller 
of  the  kingdom.^ 

■  Upon  the  murder  of  King  Henry,  by  the  Earl  of  Bothwell,'he 
was  one  of  the  Barons  wh<^  with  great  zeal  and  forwardness, 
went  into  an  association  for  the  defence  of  the  young  Prince,  King 
James  IV.  and  to  pursue  the  Earl  of  Botbwell,  and  to  bring  him 
to  justice  for  the  execrable  fact  he  had  committed  on  the  King's 
father;  and  perhaps  he  was  not. the  less  keen  in  prosecuting  that 
wicked  Earl,  that  he  had  the  honour  to  be  second  cousin  to  King 
Henry,  the  murdered  Priooej  but  his  keenness  for  the  safety  and 
preservation  of  the  young  Prince,  did  not  influence  him  to  behave 
in  any  way  undutifiil  to  the  Ctueen  his  Sovereign  5  for  an  author 
of  great  worth  and  credit  at  that  time,<^  says,  speaking  of  the 
Laind  of  Tullibardine,  that  he  always  retained  a  dutiful  respect  to 
the  Queen's  Majesty,  and  only  entered  into  the  association  for  the 
safety  of  the  young  Prince,  and  punishment  of  the  King's  mur« 
der.  Though  the  Laird  of  Tullibardine,  the  Comptroller,  was  in 
great  friendship  and  confidence  of  some  of  (hose  who  went  all 
lengths  against  the  Queen,  yet  he  never  could  be  prevailed  on  to 
concur  with  them  in  one  single  act  that  was  derogatory  to  her 
honour,  dignity,  and  safety;  but  when  the  Queen  was  forced  to 
£y  out  of  the  kingdom,  and  the  government  established  in  the 

u  Charta  in  Archlvis.  '  Ibid. 

7  Charta  penes  Dom.  de  Abercairny.  >  Charta  io  pubiicls  Archivtt. 

»  Keith'*  Collections, 
b  Charta  in  Rotulis,  aod  Mr.  Keiih't  Collections, 
c  Sir  James  Melvile't  Memoirv  of  hit  own  TioKs* 


EARL  STRANGE.  385 

peraoa  of  her  son  the  Prince,  he  sobinitted  to  that  aothority,  and 
kept  the  Cooaptroller's  place  long  after.  He  was  of  the  Privy 
Cooncil  CO  the  Regents:^  upon  the  death  of  the  Earl  of  Mar  the 
Regent,  who  was  his  brother-in-law,  in  1573,  he  and  Sir  Al«x-~ 
ander  Erskine,  of  Gogar,  commdolj  called  Master  of  Mar,  were 
anointed  GoYemors  of  the  joang  King,  and  jomt  Keepers  of  the 
Castle  of  Stirling,  where  tlie  King  rerided  and  was  bronght  up ; 
and  he  discharged  the  office  to  the  universal  approbation  of  the 
wiiole  kingdom,  till  1578,  when  the  King  took  upon  himself  the 
admiolstration.  As  soon  as  the  King  oonstitoted  a  new  Privj 
Council,  he  was  one  of  the  number  5  in  which  be  continued  till 
his  death,  on  the  15th  of  March,  1583.*  He  left  issue  by  Agnes 
his  wife,  daughter  of  William,  second  Earl  of  Montrose,^  John, 
his  eldest  son  and  heir ;  Mr.  William  Murray,  designed  of  Pit* 
carlie;  aud  Mungo  Murray,  of  Dimorkj  and  two  daughters; 
Margaret,  who  was  married  to  Sir  Robert  Bruce,  of  Clackmannan, 
Knt.3  and  Jean,  to  Sir  John  Hepburn,  of  Watchton. 

John  MuiftAT,  of  Tullibardine,  the  eldest  wa,  first  Earl,  waa 
in  great  favour  of  James  Vf  •  with  whom  he  had  been  bred  up  in 
an  intimacy  firom  his  childhood,  which  begat  a  confidence  that  was 
never  shaken.  In  the  year  1502,  he  was  constituted  Master  of  the 
King*s  household,s  and  soon  after  had  the  honour  of  knighthood 
conferred  on  him.  But  his  Majesty's  favour  to  Sir  John  Murray 
did  not  stop  here,  for  he  was  further  graciously  pleased  to  raise 
him  to  the  Peerage,  by  the  style  and  title  of  Lord  Murray,  of 
Tullibardine,  by  letters  patent  the  25th  of  April,  ]504.  The 
same  year  he  had  a  charter  under  the  Great  Seal,  of  the  lands  of 
Letterbanachy,  to  himself,  during  his  own  lifetime,  and  to  Wil- 
liam, his  eldpst  son,  in  fee,  and  to  the  heirs  male  of  his  body ; 
which  failing,  to  Captain  John  Murray,  his  second  son ;  and  fail- 
ing the  issue  male  of  his  body,  to  Sir  Patrick  Murray,  of  Castle- 
ton,  his  third  son  ;  and  failing  his  male  issue,  to  Mungo  Murray, 
his  fourth  son  i  and  failing  him,  to  Robert  Murray,  his  fifth  son, 
and  the  heirs  male  of  their  bodies  respectively;  which  failing,  to 
Mr.  William  Murray,  of  Pitcairlie,  his  brother-germao,  and  to  the 
heirs  male  of  his  body;  which  failing,  to  Mungo  Murray,  of  Du« 
nork,  bis  brother-german,  and  the  heirs  male  of  his  body. 

The  Lord  Tullibardine  rising  still  more  and  more  in  his  Ma« 

• 

*  Records  of  the  Council  in  the  S'gnet  Office. 

«  Carta  in  Cancellarisi,  S.  D.  N.  Regis  ad  annum,  1584. 

f  Carta  in  publicia  Archivis,  ad  annam,  1547. 

S  Acts  of  ParUamenc,  anao  1592. 


286  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

jesty*s  fevoor,  he  was  further  gradouslf  pleased  to  ndttf  him  to 
the  hoQoao  tide^  and  dignity  of  Earl  of  TuUihwrd&ne,  hj  letters 
pateDt,  bearing  date  the  10th  of  July^  1606>  A  commission 
being  directed  to  Alexander^  Earl  of  Damfermling,  then  his  Ma- 
jesty's High  Commissioner,  to  invest,  with  the  usoal  solemnities, 
the  Lord  Tullibardinc,  in  the  honour  of  Earl  of  Tbllibardine;  the 
Lord  Fleming,  in  the  honour  of  Earl  of  Wigton;  the  Lord  Gkm- 
mis,  in  the  honour  of  Earl  of  Kinghom;  the  Lord  Aberoom,  Earl 
of  Abercom,  all  oo  the  same  day. 

This  John,  first  Earl  of  Tullibardine,  married  Dame  Catha- 
rine Drummond,  daughter  of  David,  Lord  Drummond,  ancestor 
to  the  Earls  of  Perth,  by  whom  he  had  issue, 

William,  his  eldest  son  and  successor. 

Captain  John  Murray,  his  second  son. 

Sir  Patrick  Murray,  of  Castleton,  Knight  of  the  Bath,  his  third 
son,  and  who  became  afterwards  Earl  of  TulHbardine^  on  the  sur- 
render of  the  honour  by  his  eldest  brother. 
.  Muogo  Murray,  fourth  son,  who  became  Viscount  of  Stormoot, 
by  special  provision  of  David  the  first  Viscount  Stormont,  who 
made  him  his  heir:  but  though  he  was  first  married  to  Agnes, 
daughter  of  Sir  Andrew  Murray,  of  Balvaird,  and  niece  to  the 
Viscount  of  Stormont)  and  after  that  to  Eliasabeth,  daughter  of 
David,  Earl  of  Weems,  yet  he  h^d  no  succession :  so  the  dignity 
of  Viscount  of  Stormont,  at  length  came  to  Murray,  the  Lord 
Balvaird. 

Robert  Murray,  the  fifth  son. 

Anna,  the  Earl's  eldest  daughter,  was  married  to  Patrick,  Lord 
Glammis^  Earl  of  Kinghorn,  ancestor  to  the  present  Earl  of 
Strathmore.  - 

Lilias,  second  daughter,  married  to  Sir  John  Grant  of  Freuchie, 
the  Laird  of  Grant. 

Margaret,  the  third,  to  James  Halden,  of  Glenegies. 

Catharine,  the  fourth,  was  married  to  David  Aoss,  of  Balnagoun, 
in  Rosshire,  the  heir  male  and  representative  of  the  ancient  Earls' 
of  Ross,  and  had  issue. 

William,  second  Earl  of  Tullihardine,  while  he  was  a  young 
roan,  being  in  the  town  of  Perth,  on  the  memorable  5th  of  Aug. 
1 600,  when  John,  Earl  of  Gourie,  and  Mr.  Alexander  Ruthven, 
his  brother,  attempted  to  lay  violent  hands  on  the  sacred  person 
of  the  King  their  sovereign;  upon  their  being  both  slain,  the 

^  Creatians  of  the  Nobility  from  the  Records. 


KARL  STRANGE.  .38^ 

citiaens  of  Perth,  hearing  that  the  Earl  of  Goarie,  who  had  been 
their  Provost  at  the  time«  was  8laln»  rose  in  a  tomnlt*  and  in  all 
probability^  coosidering  their  nambers  and  the  ferment  they  were 
in,  would  have  cut  the  Court  in  pieces,  if  the  yoong  Laird  of 
Tullibardine,  who  was  accidentally  in  town  that  day,  had  not  in* 
terposed  with  his  retinue  and  his  friends,  carried  off  the  King, 
and  all  with  hioi,  safe  to  Falkhmd.  For  this  most  signal  and  me- 
ritorious service,  the  Laird  of  Tuilibardine  got  the  Sheriffship  of 
Perthshire^  that  had  heritably  belonged  to  the  House  of  Ruthven, 
the  Earis  of  Gourie,  and  has  mostly  continued  in  the  family  of 
Atholl  ever  since  that  time. 

This  William,  the  second  Earl  of  Tuilibardine,  made  a  very 
noble  alliance  by  marriage;  for  his  Lordship  married  the  Lady 
Dorothea  Stewart,  eldest  daughter  and  heir  of  the  line  to  John  the 
fifth  Earl  of  Atholl,  of  the  Stewartine  line;  by  whom  he  had  only 
John,  his  son  and  heir,  and  a  daughter,  Anne,  who  was  married 
to  Sir  John  Moncrief  of  that  Ilk,  then  an  ancient  considerable 
family,  as  any  in  all  the  county  of  Perth. 

This  Eari  of  Tuilibardine  laid  before  his  Majesty  King  Char.  L 
the  claim  and  title  his  lady,  the  Countess  of  Tuilibardine,  and  his 
children,  had  to  the  honour  and  dignity  of  Earl  of  Atholl;  set- 
ting forth,  that  the  Countess  was  the  eldest  daughter,  and  heir  of 
line  and  at  law  to  the  deceased  Earl  of  Atholl,  her  father ^  that 
the  family  of  Innermeath,  who  had  got  the  title  of  Earl  of  Atholl 
upon  the  demise  of  her  father,  were  now  all  extinct,  and  out  of 
the  way,  and  therefore  she  conceived  that  she  was  well  entitled 
to  her  father's  dignity.  The  King  received  the  petition  very  gra- 
ciously} and  told  the  Earl  of  Tuilibardine,  that  since  it  was  plain 
that  the  former  Earls  of  Atholl  were  all  extinct  in  the  male  line, 
that  it  was  but  just  and  reasonable  that  the  dignity  of  Atholl, 
which  had  so  long  and  so  gloriously  flourished  in  the  race  of  the 
Stewarts,  in  whom  he  himself  had  a  relation  in  blood,  should 
be  revived  and  established  in  the  person  and  descendants  of  the 
lady,  who  was  the  heir  of  line  and  at  law;  and  gave  his  royal 
word  the  thing  should  be  done.  But  as  the  Earl  of  Tuilibar- 
dine was  to  do  his  lady  and  children  justice,  so  as  to  have  the 
title  and  honour  of  Earl  of  Atholl  brought  into  thrm,  so  he  did. 
'  not  think  but  that  he  ought  to  take  care  to  do  all  that  was  pos- 
sible for  him,  to  preserve  the  honour  of  Tuilibardine  as  a  distinct 
and  separated  dignity,  that  was  not  to  be  immerged  or  consoli- 
dated into  that  of  Earl  of  Athol),  when  that  honour  came  to  be< 
vested  in  his  son ;  who  would  become  heir  both  to  his  father  and 


28t  I>£ERAGe  OF  £N6LAND. 

mother  in  their  respective  digoities  and  Peerages;  this  the  Earl 
represented  to  his  Majesty  so  effectoally,  that  it  was  agreed  and 
concerted,  that  be  should  resign  and  surrender  his  own  title  and 
Peerage  of  Earl  Tultibardine^  into  his  Majesty's  hands,  in  fa- 
vour of  his  brother.  Sir  Patrick  Murray,  Knight  of  the  Bath,  and 
one  of  the  Gentlemen  of  the  Bed-chamberj  and  who  himself  had 
a  good  share  of  favour^  and  had  acquired  the  estate  of  Tallibar- 
dine  from  his  brother.  Accordingly  William,  Earl  of  TuDibardine, 
did  surrender,  on  the  1st  of  April,  1626,*  the  title,  honour,  dig- 
nity, and  precedency,  of  Earl  of  TuUibardine,  in  order  that  it 
might  be,  de  novo,  conferred  on  Sir  Patrick  Murray  aforesaid ; 
but  in  the  inteiim,  before  the  several  different  deeds  and  patents 
could  be  perfected,  the  Earl  of  TuUibardine  died,  which  brought 
tliese  transactions  for  some  time  to  a 'stand;  but  that  just  and 
excellent  Prince,  King  Charles,  well  knowing  the  intentionx>f  the 
parties  in  the  whole  transaction,  and  that  it  was  intended,  that 
both  the  Peerage  of  AthoU  and  TuUibardine  should  be  distinctly 
represented;  therefore  his  Majesty  was  graciously  pleased  to  ac- 
knowledge,  that  William,  the  deceased  Earl  of  TuUibardine,  had 
resigned  his  titles  of  honour  of  Earl  of  TuUibardine,  in  favour  of 
his  brother,  Sir  Patrick  Murray,  and  which  he  was  moved  in  jus- 
tice to  confer  upon  him.    Accordingly  a  patent  passed  the  Great 
Seal,  creating  him  Earl  of  TuUibardine,  bearing  date  the  penult  of 
January,  l628,^  and  to  his  heirs  male  whatsoever:  but  the  King, 
who  regulated  his  whole  conduct  by  the  maxims  and  principles 
of  conscience  and  honour,  having  done  justice  to  Sir  Patrick  Mur* 
ray,  in  giving  him  the  title  of  Earl  of  TuUibardine,  conformable 
to  the  intention  of  the  resignation,  he  very  quickly  after  that  did 
justice  to  his  nephew,  John  Murray,  son  and  heir  of  the  deceased 
Earl  of  TuUibardine,  for  he  was  soon  aAer  invested  in  the  honour, 
title,  dignity,  and  Peerage  of  Earl  of  Atholl,    The  preamble  of 
the  patent  is  very  noble,  and  reflects  great  hon6ur  on  the  patentee; 
for  his  Majesty  narrates,  that  the  honour  and  dignity  of  Eail  of 
AthoU,  had  continued  successively  in  the  line  and  posterity  of 
John,  Earl  of  AthoU,  who  was  uterine  brother  to  the  King's  illus- 
trious ancestor.  King  James  II.  to  the  death  of  John  the  fifth  Earl 
of  AthoU,  the  patentee*s  own  grandfather,  whose  eldest  daughter, 

'  Charta  in  CbanceUaria  S.D.N. R.  ad  annum  1626. 
^  Patent  in  the  Chancery  Office  at  Edinburgh,  ad  annum  1628,  tcsiirylngthat 
the  honour  had  been  resigned  by  the  deceased  £arl  of  TuUibardine  to  his  bioihcr, 
the  fiist  of  April  x6a6. 


BARL  strange.       "-  ]|Q0 

Dorotfaea,  Countess  of  Ttillibardine,  was  mother  to  hifD,  tho 
King's  prediltcius  consanguineusj  as  he  is  pleased  to  term  the  pa« 
tentee,  Johannes  Murray,  nunc  creaius  comes  Ath»lL  The  nar* 
rative  goes  on  declaring,  that  his  M^esty  was  moved  surely  Irom 
principle  of  honour  and  conscience  to  giye,  ratify^  and  confirm  to 
the  £arl>  the  title  of  Earl  of  AthoU^  and  that  in  truth,  in  the  very 
strongest  terms  that  could  be  devised^  to  express  his  right  as  heir 
of  line  to  his  maternal  ancestor,  John,  the  first  Earl  of  Atholl^ 
who  had  the  Peerage  conferred  on  him  by  his  brother.  King 
James  II.  For  all  these  reasons,  Nos  de  nova  (says  the  Soverdgn) 
damns,  concessimus  &  contulimus  teneroque  presentiam  damns 
ooncedimus  &  conferimus  prefiito  Johanne  Murray,  nunc  comes 
Athollie,  prefatam  dignitatem  comitatns  Athollie,  &  faaeredibus 
suis,  &c. — ^the  patent  bears  date  at  Whitehall,  the  i  7th  of  February, 
1029} 

This  noble  Earl  continued  a  loyal  and  quiet  subject  during  th« 
peaceable  time  of  the  reign  of  King  Charles.  At  the  first  rup* 
ture  when  the  troubles  began  in  1639,  he  attached  himself  to  the 
King's  side  with  great  firmness  and  fidelity;  he  raised  his  AthoU 
men  to  the  number  of  1600  or  2000  men,  declaring  his  intention 
was  to  support  the  honour  and  dignity  of  the  crown  5  and  that  he 
would  oppose  every  measure^  or  whatever  party  he  judged  were 
driving  things  to  lessen  or  eclipse  the  lustre  of  it,  or  were  making' 
undue  and  illegal  stretches,  on  whatsoever  pretence,  of  lessening 
and  invading  the  sovereignty  in  any  branch  of  its  inherent 
power. 

But  all  jealousies  and  animosities  being,  at  least  seemingly, 
composed  by  the  King's  own  presence  in  the  parliament  1641 ; 
parties  of  both  sides  laid  down  their  arms,  and  seemed  to  outvie 
one  another  who  should  express  their  loyalty  andduty  most  to  his 
Majesty,  who  had  removed  all  their  grievances,  and  setUed  every 
thing  to  the  desire  of  their  hearts.  The  £ari  of  AlhoU  died  next 
year  after  this,  anno  l642.  His  death  was  looked  on  as  a  vei^ 
great  loss  to  the  King*s  service,  considering  that  he  left  his  son 
very  young,  a  roeer  child,  in  no  capacity  of  heading  his  men,  or 
leading  them  on  to  action ;  a  thing  the  Highlanders  have  at  all 
times  been  fond  of:  and  if  we  but  consider  what  great  matters 
the  Marquis  of  Montrose  did,  with  but  a  small  number  of  the 
Atholl  men  that  resorted  to  him  from  principle,  when  he  set  up 
the  King*s  standard  and  declared  for  his  Majehty ;  what^  in  a  rea- 
•onable  conjecture,  yea,  what  wonders  might  have  been  performed 

I  f  stent  recorded  in  the  Chancery  Office  at  Bdinborgh. 
•vol.,  V.  V 


190  KERAGE  OF  ENGLAND.. 

if  all  the  AtboU  men  had  been  drawn  together^  and  appeared  in 
the  field  with  their  own  master  and  chiefs  the  Earl  of  Atholl,  at 
their  head!  Bat  this  by  the  bye. 

John,  the  first  of  the  line  and  race  of  the  Murrays  Earl  of 
Jltholl,  left  issue  by  Jane  bis  wife>  daughter  of  Sir  Duncan  Camp- 
bell^ of  Olenorchy,  aunt  to  John,  the  first  Earl  of  firedalbane; 

1.  John,  his  eldest  son  and  heir,  thereafter  EM  and  Marquis 
of  Atholl. 

2.  Mungo  Murray,  who  was  Lieutenant  of  his  Majesty's  guards 
at  the  Restoration;  he  died  unmarried,  aud  was  interred  in  St. 
Gileses  church,  at  Edinburgh,  at  the  tomb  of  John,  Earl  of  AthoU, 
who  died  Lord  Chancellor  in  the  yea^;  1679,  where  the  honours 
that  were  hung  at  the  funerals,  are  still  to  be  seen  by  the  curious. 

The  Earl  of  Atholl  had  also  one  daughter,  Anne,  who  was  mar- 
ried to  her  first  cousin.  Earl  of  TuUibardine,  who  was  the  son  of 
her  uncle,  Patrick,  Earl  of  TuUibardine,  who  bad  the  honour,  as 
we  have  heretofore  observed  in  this  memorial,  conferred  on  him  by 
King  Charles  L  This  Patrick,  Earl  of  TuUibardine,  married  dame 
Elizabeth  Dent,  an  English  lady,  by  whom  he  had  issue,  James^ 
hb  son  and  successor  in  the  honour,  and  a  younger  son,  William 
Murray^  of  Redcastle,  who  being  in  the  King*s  army  at  Fhiliphaugh^ 
was  taken  prisoner,  and  suffered  at  St.  Andrews,  in  the  year  1646. 
He  waa  a  lively  young  man;  be  was  much  regretted  by  all  ranks 
and  all  parties;  for  he  was  of  great  expectations,  and  was  not 
above  eighteen  years  of  age  at  his  death:  his  brother  got  his 
estate,  who,  it  is  reported,  pressed  his  death  very  indecently.  But 
it  was  observable,  that  though  he  had  at  that  time  two  sons,  they 
died  so  quickly  ailer  one  another,  that  many  remarks  were  made 
on  it;  for  though  he  had  two  wives,  first,  his  cousin,  the  Earl  of 
Athoirs  daughter;  and  after  that,  LiliaSj  daughter  o(  Sir  John 
Drummond,  of  Machany,  yet  he  left  no  child  to  inherit  his  for* 
taoe,  but  died  without  issue  on  the  26th  of  January,  16/0,  and 
his  estate  aud  honours  revolved  to  the  Earl  of  Atholl,  as  his  nearest 
heir. 

John,  the  second  of  the  line  of  the  Murray s.  Earl  ofAtholl,  and 
first  Marqtns,  succeeded  his  father  in  the  honour  while  be  was  very 
young;  but  being  bred  up  in  the  priuciples' of  loyalty  and  fidelity 
to  the  Crown  and  Royal  family,  in  all  the  distress  it  was  then 
under,  he  stuck  to  it  with  the  most  firm,  unskakeo,  and  inviolable 
fidelity.  In  the  year  l653,,  ^hen  the  Earl  of  Gleqcairn  set  up 
the  King's  standard  in  the  Highlands,  the  Earl  of  AtboU  resorted 
lo  him^  and  brought  two  thousand  of  his  men  to  the  camp;  an4 


tARL  STRANGE.  igi 

though  he  was  now  scarce  eighteeo^  he  endured  the  fatigue  and 
Hi-accommodation  the  army  was  uoavoidablj  exposed  to,  with 
the  vigour  and  resolution  that  could  l|ave  been  expected. from  the 
most  veteran  soldier  that  was  among  them ;  and  both  the  Earl  of 
Glencairn^  who  was  the  first  general^  and  the  Earl  of  Middleten, 
who  afterwards  had  the  command  of  the  army,  always  acknow- 
ledged and  declared  afterward,  that  if  it  had  not  been  that  the 
Earl  of  Atholl  was  among  them,  and  the  support  his  country  af- 
forded them,  they  should  have  starved  for  want  of  provision  and 
forage;  and  their  keeping  so  long  together  was  more  owing  to 
the  Earl  of  Atholl,  than  to  all  the  other  great  men  that  were 
among  them. 

Upon  the  happy  restoration  of  King  Charles  II.  anno  l66o,  the 
Earl  of  Athoirs  merit  and  loyalty  being  so  eminent  and  conspi- 
cuous, could  not  well  fail  of  being  highly  rewarded  and  consi- 
dered, as  it  well  deserved.     He  was  first  named  one  of  the  Privjr 
Cpuncil,  and  acted  as  principal  Master  of  the  King*s  Household^ 
in  the  absence  of  the  Marquis  of  Argyll,  at  the  solemnity  of  the 
Parliament,  which  sat  down  at  Edinburgh  the  first  of  January, 
1661.    Quickly  after  that  gettiilg  into  a  high  degree  of  favour 
with  his  Majesty,  and  in  the  most  entire  confidence  and  friendship 
of  the  Earl  of  Lauderdale,  then  the  sole  Secretary  and  Minister 
for  Scotland,  his  Lordship,  the  Earl  of  Atholl,  was  made  ahd  con- 
stituted Lord  Justice  General,  in  place  of  the  Earl  of  Cassilisj 
who  had  been  named  to  the  office,  but  declined  to  accept  it,  be- 
cause he  could  not  bring  himself  up  to  take  the  oaths  enjoined  by 
law,  anno  1663. 

The  Earl  still  rising  more  and  mare  in  favour  and  confidence, 
both  of  the  King  and  the  Minister,  he  was  preferred  to  be  Cap- 
tain of  the  Guards,  on  the  demise  of  the  Earl  of  Newburgh,  anno 
1670,  and  one  of  the  extraordinary  Lords  of  the  Session.  In 
1672,  the  Earl  of  Atholl,  without  parting  with  any  of  his  other 
offices,  was  made  Lord  Privy  Seal,  then  void  by  the  death  of  the 
Earl  of  Dunfermling ;  but  his  Majesty  thinking  all  these  great 
employments  were  not  enough  to  reward  the  merit  and  services 
of  the  Earl  of  Atholl,  therefore  his  Majesty  was  graciously  pleased 
to  raise  him  to  a  higher  degree  and  title  of  honour,  by  creating 
him  Marquis  of  Atholl,  by  letters  patent,  bearing  date  the  17th 
of  February,  1676." 

As  the  Lord  Atholl  had  been  in  a  long  and  firm  friendship 
with,  the  Secretary,  tlic  Earl  of  Lauderdale,  so  he  was  a  great 

*  Patent  recorded  in  Chancery. 


103  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

inipport  to  the  other  in  keeping  his  conrt>  and  having  so  deep  a 
toot  with  the  l^ing.  Lauderdale  had  now  possessed  all  his  friends 
with  a  notion,  that  was  at  first  believed  by  them  al)^  that  the 
people  In  the  western  shires  were  actually  in  a  state  of  rebellion^ 
and  were  to  be  reduced  by  a  superior  force;  for  this  end  he  got 
the  King  to  write  to  all  the  chiefi  in  the  Highlands,  to  raise  their 
men  to  march  to  the  Weaii  among  others,  the  Marquis  of  Atholi 
'  raised  3000  of  hb  Atholi  men.  The  Earls  of  Breacbdbane,  Mar, 
Berth,  Strathmore,  &c.  raised. such  as  depended  on  them,  which 
in  all  amounted  to  an  army  of  eight  or  nine  thousand  men,  who 
Were  to  be  let  loose  in  the  West,  on  firee  quarter,  as  if  they  had 
been  in  an  enemy's  country. 

The  Lord  Athdl  actually  went  to  the  West,  and  was  named 
one  of  the  Committee  of  Council  that  were  to  give  the  necessarf 
orders  to  the  army;  but  his  Lordship  quickly  perceiving,  when 
he  came  to  the  West,  how  he  had  been  deceived,  and  the  state  of 
that  country  so  dreadfully  misrepresented,  that  they  were  safer 
from  being  in  any  degree  of  rebellion,  that  they  were  in  a  state 
of  perfect  quiet,  and  by  no  single  circumstance^  it  could  appear 
to  htm,  that  any  rebellion  was  intended,  when  he  had  examined 
as  far  into  the  bottom  of  things  as  was  possible,  while  he  re- 
mained In  that  part  of  the  country :  so  his  Lordship  being  of 
himself  a  noble^  generous,  free-hearted  man,  he  would  be  no  lon- 
ger a  party  in  so  violent  an  administration,  nor  could  he  endure 
to  see  such  havock  made  in  any  part  of  the  kingdom,  where  he 
himsdf  was  a  subject;  so  upon  this  he  fell  ofi*  from  Duke  Lauder- 
dale, and  joined  with  the  Duke  of  Hamilton,  the  Earl  of  Perth, 
and  ten  of  twelve  of  the  libbility,  with  about  150  gentlemen  of 
quality,  who  went  up  to  London  to  complain  of  the  violence  and 
illegality  of  the  administration.  But  though  the  King  saw  the 
Lord  Atholi,  yet  he  would  not  disgrace  the  Duke  of  Lauderdale^ 
much  less  punish  him  for  what  he  had  done.  The  Marquis  of 
Atholi  having  so  many  places  in  so  sQudl  a  country,  had  raised  a 
great  clamour  $  so  to  stop  that,  now  he  was  upon  the  ride  that 
Ivere  the  patriots^  and  set  up  to  be  the  protectors  of  the  liberties 
of  Scotland,  he  quitted  the  Justice-General*s  place,  which  was 
given  to  Sir  Archibald  Primrose,  of  Dalmany,  in  1678;  and  he 
kept  the  Privy  Seal,  and  his  other  posts  and  offices,  without  any 
viuble  diminution  in  his  Majesty's  favour,  till  the  King's  death  in 
1685. 

Upon  the  acoesidon  of  his  Majesty  King  James  VIL  to  the 
Ifaione^  the  Marquis  of  Atholi  had  atill  a  good  share  of  favour^  for 


EARL  STRAN6B.  9g$ 

he  had  a  great  deal  of  merits  and  was  much  esteem^  by  the  new 
King»  since  he  bad  gone  with  great  zeal  into  the  act  of  parliament 
in  1681^  declaring  the  hereditary  right  to  the  crown^  in  the  legale 
lineal  course  of  the  succession,  in  favour  of  his  Majesty,  while 
he  was  Duke  of  Albany  and  York.  So  his  Lordship,  the  Mar- 
quis of  Atholl>  was  continued  Lord  Privy  Seal,  and  in  his  other 
offices. 

Upon  the  invasion  of  the  Earl  of  Aif^ll,  the  Marquis  was 
thought  the  fittest  person  the  Council  could  pitch  on  to  make 
head  against  him;  for  that  end  they  ordered  him  to  raise  so  many 
of  his  vassals  and  dependants  as  he  thought  necessary,  to  march 
into  Argylesbire,  to  prevent  the  progress  the  Earl  might  have  in 
making  levies  among  his  friends  and  vassals  there.  To  give  the 
Marquis  the  greater  authority  (it  seems),  to  execute  any  orders 
he  might  receive  from  his  Majesty,  or  the  Council,  he  was  made 
Lieutenant  of  the  shires  of  Aigyle  and  Tarbat.  The  fate  of  the 
Earl  ci  ATgy]e,  and  the  suppression  of  that  rebellion,  is  so  well 
known,  that  it  is  unnecessary  to  relate  them. 

Quickly  after  this  the  Marquis  of  Atboll  was  invested  with  a 
power  of  Justiciary  in  Argyleshire,  to  try  and  bring  to  justice  such 
as  had  been  concerned  in  the  rebellion ;  but  considering  the  at- 
tachment and  dependance  the  Highlanders  have  upon  their  chief, 
and  the  heads  of  their  clans  and  tribes,  which  no  man  living 
knew  better  than  his  Lordship,  little  blood  was  shed,  and  but  few 
examples  made;  and  the  few  executions  that  were,  were  done  by 
his  two  deputies  in  the  office,  tbe  one  a  gentleman  of  Atholl,  and 
the  other  a  gentleman  ofthe  shire  of  Air. 

Soon  after  the  affair  of  the  Earl  of  Argyle  was  over,  the  Mar- 
quis of  Atholl  went  up  to  wait  on  the  King :  he  was  most  gra- 
dously  received,  and  his  Majesty  was  pleased  to  express  his  sense 
of  his  Lordship's  services,  in  the  most  obliging  expressions  and 
words  that  could  have  proceeded  from  a  Prince  to  a  subject,  fn  this  - 
gale  of  favour,  if  the  Marquis  had  not  been  firm  and  inflexible  in 
the  point  of  his  religion,  which  he  could  not  sacrifice  to  the  plea- 
sure of  any  mortal,  he  might  have  been  the  fint  Minister  for 
Scotland,  and  all  others  in  a  dependance  on  him,  and  have  ruled 
as  absolutely  as  ever  the  Duke  of  Lauderdale  had  done  before 
him. 

Though  the  King  found  the  Marquis  was  not  to  be  wrought 
on  in  the  matter  of  his  religion,  yet  in  all  other  things,  knowing 
his  loyalty  and  duty  was  superior  to  all  temptations,  he  placed  an 
entire  and  unsuspected  confidence  in  his  Lordships  for  he  was 


294  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND, 

ooe  of  the  secret  Commit tee^  to  whom  the  administration  wa^ 
chiefly  committed^  and  the  confidence  lodged^*^  till  the  end  of 
that  reign. 

In  the  year  l6S7»  his  Majesty  was  gracionsly  pleased  to  revive 
the  most  ancient  and  most  noble  order  of  St.  Andrew,  called 
the  Thistle^  that  had  gone  into  disuse  from  the  time  that  Queen 
Mary  had  fallen  into  her  troubles.  The  order  was  to  consist  of 
twelve  Knights  and  the  Sovereign^  in  imitation  of  our  blessed 
Saviour  and  the  twelve  Apostles.  They  were  all  the  King^s  fa- 
vourites and  confidents  that  were  first  installed  of  this  number; 
the  Marquis  of  Atholl  was  one,  his  companions  the  other  Rnights^ 
«o  many  of  the  number  as  was  filled  up,  were^ .  George,  Duke  of 
Gordon  $  James,  Earl  of  Arran ;  James^  Duke  of  Hamilton ; 
James^  Earl  of  Perth,  the  Lord  Chancellor;  John,  Earl  of  Mel- 
ford^  the  Secretary;  Alexander,  Earl  of  Murray;  Kenneth,  Earl 
of  Seaforth;  and  George,  Earl  of  Dunbarton,  General  of  the 
forces.  The  revolution  came  on  so  soon  after,  that  the  full  com- 
plement of  the  Knights  was  never  filled  up. 

After  the  revolution  of  the  government,  that  the  throne  was 
filled  by  the  Prince  and  Princess  of  Orange,  the  late  King  Wil- 
liam and  Queen  Mary,  the  Marquis  of  Atholl  retired  from  all 
public  business,  and  spent  his  time  at  some  of  his  fine  seats  in  the 
country,  all  hia  life  after.  He  died  the  6th  of  May,  1703,  in  the 
seventieth  year  of  his  age.  He  was  interred  within  the  vestry  of 
the  old  cathedral  church  of  Dunkeld,  where  a  sumptuous  and 
magnificent  monument  of  black  and  white  marble  is  erected  over 
his  grave.  The  efiSgies  of  the  Marquis,  and  the  Marchioness  of 
Atholl,  his  Lady,  in  bust,  are  on  the  two  great  Corinthian  pillars 
that  support  the  tomb.  There  are  also  placed  the  probative  quar- 
ters, or  branches,  as  they  are  called;  the  Marquis  on  the  right 
pillar,  and  the  Lady  Marchioness  on  the  left  pillar.  On  a  tablet 
of  black  marble  there  is  an  inscription,  containing  the  several  of- 
fices the  Marquis  passed  through,  and  the  most  material  steps'  of 
his  life. 

The  Marquis  of  Atholl  married  a  Lady  of  the  most  illustrious 
rank  and  quality  of  any  in  Europe,  J  mean  of  a  subject;  the  Lady 
Amelia  Sophia  Stanley,  daughter  of  James,  Earl  of  Derby,  by  the 
Lady  Charlotte  his  wife,  daughter  of  Claud,  Duke  de  Tremoville, 
a  duke  and  peer  of  France. 

By  this  most  noble  alliance  and  match.  Sir  William  Dagdale, 
in  the  Baronage  of  England,  takes  notice,  that  the  Earl  of 

(  • 

■  Balcansi^i  Memoirs,  MS» 


BARL  STRiUNOB.  a^ 

Derby's  childrcD  are  related  in  blood  and  kindred,  by  the  mojther,* 
to  the  houses  of  Bourbon  and  Austria,  to  the  Kings  of  Spain  and 
France^  the  Duke  of  Savoy,  the  Prince  of  Orange,  and  to  most  of 
the  crowned  heads  in  Europe;  and  now  that  all  the  descendants 
of  both  sexes  of  James,  Earl  of  Derby,  and  Amelia,  Countess  of 
Derby  his  wife,  are  become  extinct,  excepting  the  children  and 
descendants  of  the  Lady  Marchioness  of  Atboll,  all  that  great  and 
uncommon  race  of  royal  and  illustrious  blood  centres  in  the  de- 
scendants of  the  Marquis  of  AthoU,  and  the  Lady  Amelia  his  wife 
aforesaid }  who  were 

John,  their  eldest  son,  and  the  heir  of  the  6mily,  thereafter  < 
Duke  of  Atboll. 

Charles,  Earl  of  Dunmore,  the  second  son,  who  was  raised  to 
that  honour  by  King  James  VIL 

Lord  James  Murray,  the  third  son,  who  was  designed  of  Dou* 
ally,  and  as  a  Baron  represented  the  county  of  Perth,  in  the 
House  of  Commons  of  Great  Britain.  His  two  daughters  and  co- 
heirs married  Lord  Rollo,  and  —  Farquharson. 

Lord  William  Murray,  the  fourth  son,  who  having  married 
Margaret,  the  only  daughter  and  sole  heir  of  Sir  Roben  Nairn, 
of  Strathurd,  one  of  the  Senators  of  the  college  of  Justice,  and 
one  of  the  Commissioners  of  Justiciary,  was  upon  that  created 
lAtrd  Nairn  for  life,  arid  the  fee  of  the  honour  to  descend  to  the 
Marquis  of  AtholFs  son,  who  should  marry  the  Lord  Nairn's 
daughter.* 

Lord  Edward  Murray,  the  fifth  son. 

Lord  Mungo  Murray,  the  sixth  son,  who  died  in  that  glorious 
expedition  of  Scotland  to  Darien,  anno  1697- 

Lady  Emilia,  their  only  daughter,  was  married  to  Hugh,  Lord 
Eraser,  of  Lovat. 

John,  second  Marqtds,  andjirst  Duke  of  AthoU,  succeeded  his 
father  in  the  estate  and  honour  of  the  family,  which  were  raised 
higher  in  the  person  of  his  Grace  as  Duke  of  Atholl.  His  Grace 
was  a  man  of  great  parts,  but  far  greater  virtues;  of  a  lively  ap* 
prehension^  a  clear  and  ready  judgment,  a  copious  eloquence,  and 
of  a  very  considerable  degree  of  good  understanding. 

In  the  lifetime  of  his  father  the  Marquis,  he  came  eatly  into 
the  Revolution,  and  soon  declared  for  the  Prince  of  t)range.  The 
merit  of  this  service,  together  with  the  relationship  his  Lordship 

n  He  might  ^ave  added,  rh  Jt  these  children  of  the  Zix\  of  Derby  were  by  the 
father  directly  descended  fio.n  the  unioa  of  theJR.oyal  Houses  of  PiaAtagenct 
ind  Tudor. 

*  Cbaita  in  PaUicif  Arcbivis. 


396  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

bad  the  boDCNir  to  stand  in  to  bU.Higbnest  in  bloody  toon  brooj^ 
him  into  a  degree  of  confidence  and  fm?our  that  was  veiy  partica- 
lar.    He  had  tbe  command  of  a  regiment  of  foot,  bat  hb  genius 
bang  more  adapted  to  the  cabinet  than  the  fields  his  Majestj^  • 
King  WiUiam^  was  pleased  to  make  him  one  of  tbe  principal  Se- 
cretaries of  State^  in  conjunction  with  Mr.  Ogilvie^  afterward 
Earl  of  Seafield  and  Findlater,  anno  \Gffi,  much  about  the  same 
time  he  was  created  a  Pter,  bj  the  title  of  the  Earl  of  TuUibar* 
iinejf  by  letters  patent,  bearing  date  the  27th  of  Jolj,  16^,  and 
named  High  Commissioner,  to  represent  his  Msgesty*8  person  in 
the  sixth  session  of  Parliament,  which  sat  down  at  Edinburgh  the 
8th  of  September,  16^7,  wherein  it  is  remarked,  that  every  thing 
the  Court  asked  was  granted,  and  all  acted  with  great  unanimity.^ 
But  the  Earl  of  Tolfibardine  being  a  person  who  had  the  honour 
and  prosperity  of  his  country  much  more  at  heart  than  any  pri- 
vate consideration  of  his  own,  and  by  this  time  dearly  perceiving, 
if  he  continued  in  the  Ministry,  that  he  must  enter  into  measures 
that  would  bring  his  country  into  a  slavish  dependance  on  England, 
and  {^ve  way  to  ruin  the  naticknal  project  of  the  Afirican  company 
settled  at  Darien,  he  would  go  no  further  on  with  the  Court}  sq 
he  laid  down  all  his  public  posts  and  employments,  and  retired 
fix>m  the  scene* 

It  was  not  the  disappointment  the  Etftl  of  TuUibardine  aoet 
with  in  recommending  a  firiend  of  his  to  a  high  post,  that  (as  some 
of  them  have  asserted),  was  the  root  of  his  dugost  at  the  Court, 
which  arose  from  another  consideration;  it  was  the  scheme  he 
saw  laid  down  of  bringing  Scotland  into  a  dependance  00  Eng- 
land, as  before  observed;  and  that  which  brought  it  sooner  on^ 
#as  the  King's  disowning  the  African  Compapy,  fit>m  whidi  it 
was  expected  great  riches  would  flow  into  the  kingdom;  and  this 
stuck  with  him  as  a  generous  patriot,  who  preferrad  the  honour 
and  interest  of  his  country  to  any  regard  of  his  own  concerns; 
and  he  stood  at  a  distance  from,  the  Court  as  long  as  King  W3« 
liam  lived. 

Upon  the  accession  of  her  Majesty  Queen  Anne  to  this  throne 
of  these  realms,  00  man  in  the  nation  was  more  overjoyed  to  see 
one  of  the  race  of  Stuarts  wearing  the  crown,  than  the  Earl  of 
Tullibardine ;  her  Majesty  was  greatly  pleased  to  bring  him  to  tbe 
Privy  Coundl,  and  to  make  his  Lordship  Privy  Seal,'  in  place  of 

P  Patent  recorded  in  the  Chancery  Office.  9  History  of  the  Tuncfk 

r  Gift  to  be  Lord  Privy  Seal  to  John,  Earl  of  TuUibardine,  the  Sth  of  DeceoK 
btr,  1702. 


J 


EARL  STRANGE.  agjr 

the  Dnke-df  Queensbury^  who  was  Damed  Commissioner  to  the 
new  parliament,  that  was  called  to  sit  on  the;  6th  of  May^  1703, 
wherein  he  did  the  Queen  so  acceptable  service^  that  to  coun- 
tenance and  reward  his  consummate  merits  her  Majesty  was 
graciously  pleased  to  create  him  (being  now  Marquis  of  AthoU 
by  the  demise  of  his  father)^  Duke  of  Atholl,  by  letters  patent, 
bearing  date  the  3d  of  April,  17^/  ^nd  soon  thereafter^  his  Grace 
was  elected  and  installed  one  of  the  Knights  Companions  of  tho 
most  ancient  and  most  noble  order  of  the  Thistle.  His  Grace  did 
not  long  continue  Privy  Seal^  for  the  next  ensuing  year,  her  Ma- 
jesty thought  fit  for  her  service  to  change  her  ministiy.  The 
Duke  of  AthoU  was  removed  from  his  office,  and  the  Earl  of 
Rothes  got  the  Privy  Seal. 

In  the  parliament  of  1706^  when  the  treaty  of  Union  came  to 
be  oonsidered^  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  AthoU  argued  vehemently 
against  the  whole  frame  of  it,  as  contrary  to  the  fundamental 
laws,  and  the  whole  coDStitutioa  of  our  government,  which  he 
thought  the  Parliament  had  no  power  to  alter.  In  the  progress 
of  the  debates  on  this  subject,  he  spoke  and  argued  with  such 
force  and  strength  of  reasoning,  .as  made  a  very  great  impression 
on  all  those  that  heard  him,  and  created  in  all  people  a  very  high 
esteem  of  him.  The  topics  from  which  his  Grace  drew  the  aigu- 
ments  against  the  Union,  were  the  antiquity  and  dignity  of  the 
kingdom,  which  were  now  offered  to  be  given  up:  they  were 
now  departing  from  an  independant  state,  and  going  into  a  de- 
pendance  on  England;  what  conditions  soever  might  be  now  spe» 
ciously  offered  as  a  security  to  them,  they  could  not  expect  they 
should  be  adhered  to,  or  religiously  maintained  in  a  parliament, 
where  sixteen  Peers  and  forty-five  Commoners  could  not  hold  the 
balance  against  above  an  hundred  Peers  and  five  hundred  and 
thirteen  Commoners  5  it  was  visible  the  nobility  would  suffer  a 
great  diminution,  if  not  a  forfeiture  by  it  j  for  though  they  agreed 
that  the  Peers  of  Scotland  should  enjoy  all  the  other  privileges  of 
the  Peers  of  England,  yet  the  greatest  of  them  aU  was  denied 
them,  which  was  sitting  and  voting  in  the  House  of  Lords,  and 
their  being  restrained  to  sixteen,  to  be  elected  by  the  rest  at 
every  new  parliament.  In  debating  almost  every  single  artide 
his  Grace  spoke  against  them  with  great  boldness,  and  so  ibuch 
caution,  that  though  he  provoked  the  courtiers  extremely,  no 
advantage  could  be  taken  against  him;  and  though  every  ques- 
tion was  carried  in  favour  of  the  treaty,  yet  his  Grace,  to  clear 

•  Gbtrt»  in  Archivis  ad  Aimvm  1704. 


2gS  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

bis  own  conscience^  and  to  leave  behind  him  to  posterity  what' 
bis  thoughts  and  sentiments  in  that  affair  were,  before  the  yote 
was  carried  in  the  House,  he  either  protested  himself  against  the 
article^  or  adhered  to  the  other  members,  who  joined  with  bis 
Grace  in  the  opposition  by  some  of  the  members  of  every  state. 

After  this  bis  Grace  the  Duke  of  Atholi  lived  at  his  country 
teats  in  the  greatest  splendor,  till  the  year  1/1 6,  when  William, 
Marquis  of  Tullibardine,  then  his  eklest  son  and  heir  apparent^ 
who  had  been  unhappily  seduced  into  the  rebellion  the  year  be- 
iorc,  was,  by  virtue  of  an  act  of  parliament  passed  in  the  first 
year  of  the  reign  of  King  George  I.  attainted  of  high  treason; 
upon  this  his  Grace  went  up  to  Court,  and  was  very  graciously 
received  by  his  Majesty ;  he  laid  his  case  before  the  King,  repre- 
senting the  unhappy  circumstances  of  h*is  eldest  son,  and  what 
effect  and  influence  they  might  have  in  the  event  of  his  own 
death  on  the  succession  of  his  family,  if  his  estate  and  honotirs 
were  not  vested  by  law  upon  his  second  son.  Lord  James  Murray^ 
who  had  rendered  his  Maje^ity  very  considerable  services  during 
the  time  of  the  late  rebellion.     His  Majesty,  having  duly  consi- 
dered the  Duke*8  petition,  was  graciously  pleased  to  order  a  bill 
to  be  brought  into  the  same  session  of  parliament,  for  vesting  the 
honours  and  estates  of  John,  Duke  of  Atholi,  in  James  Murray^ 
Esq.  commonly  called  Lord  James  Murray,  after  the  death  of  the 
said  Duke  his  father,  reciting,  that  the  said  John,  Duke  of  Atholi^ 
and  the  said  James  Murray,  Esq.  commonly  called  Lord  James 
Murray,  second  son  to  the  said  John,  Duke  of  Atholi^  had  con- 
stantly adhered  to  his  Majesty,  and  rendered  him  considerable 
services;  and  as  a  reward  of  their  steady  loyalty,  his  Majesty  was 
most  graciously  pleased  to  give  his  Royal  assent  for  a  bill  to  be 
brought  in^  that  the  honours,  titles,  and  estate  of  the  said  John^ 
Duke  of  Atholi,  should  after  his  death  be  continued  in  his  family. 
Accordingly  a  law  passed,  whereby  it  was  enacted^  that  the  act  of 
attainder  of  William,  Marquis  of  Tullibardine,  should  not  extend^ 
or  be  construed  to  extend,  to  prevent  any  descent  of  honour  or 
cstase  from  the  said  Duke  of  Atholi,  to  the  said  Lord  James 
Murray,  and  his  issuer  but  that  all  and  every  the  honours,  titles^ 
and  estate  whatsoever  of  the  said  John,  Duke  of  Atboll,  should, 
from  and  after  his  death,  descend,  and  come  to^  and  be  held  and 
enjoyed,  by  the  said  James  Murray,  Esq.  and  his  issue,  in  such 
manner  as  the  same  would  have  descended,  and  come  to,  and 
been  enjoyed  by  hifti  and  them,  in  case  the  said  WilHaia  Murray 
bad  not  been  attainted  of  treason,  and  had  died  without  issue  ia 


J.. 


EARL  STRANGE.  fgf 

the  lifetime  of  the  said  John,  Duke  of  AtholL  Accordingly^  bj 
Tirtue  of  the  said  act  of  parlianienr,  his  son  the  said  James  Mar-* 
ny,  did  succeed  his  father  in  titles^  honours,  and  estate  in  the 
year  1724. 

His  Grace  first  married  Lady  Catharine  Hamilton,  eldest 
daughter  of  William  and  Anne,  Duke  and  Duchess  of  Hamilton, 
a  lady  of  incomparable  prudence^  and  a  singular  example  of 
virtue  and  piety;  by  whom  be  had  issue  six  sons  and  one  daugh- 
ter; viz. 

John,  styled  Marquis  of  TulUbardine,  who  was  a  youth  of 
great  hopes,  and  unfortunately  killed  at  the  battle  of  Malplaquet^ 
near  Mons,  August  31st,  1709,  to  the  great  afHiction  of  all  his 
noble  relations. 

William,  Marquis  of  Tullibardine,  who  was  attainted  as  above- 
mentioned,  but  made  bis  escape  into  France;  however,  he  re- 
turned into  Scotland  with  an  handful  of  Spanish  forces  in  the  year 
1719,  and  made  his  escape  a  second  time  after  their  defeat  at 
Glenshiel.  He  was  the  principal  of  the  seven  attendants,  who 
accompanied  the  young  Chevalier  into  Scotland,  in  1745;  and 
taking  possession  of  his  paternal  estate,  raised  the  followers  of  hit 
family,  assuming  to  himself  the  title  of  Duke  of  Atholl,  by  virtue 
of  a  patent  he  had  received  soprie  years  before  from  the  old  Che- 
valier, and  acted  as  oldest  Lieutenant-Creneral  in  that  rebellion; 
but  after  tbe  battle  of  CuUoden,  in  1746,  he  was  taken  prisoner 
in  Ari^yleshire,  and  committed  to  the  Tower  of  London,  whem 
he  died  tbe  next  year. 

James,  the  third  son,  succeeded  his  father  as  Duke  of  AthoU. 

Lord  Charles,  the  fourth  son,  having  also  engaged  in  the  Earl 
of  Mar^s  rebellion,  was  taken  prisoner  at  Preston;  and  having 
been  an  officer  in  his  Majesty's  army,  and  not  delivered  op  his 
commission  before  he  embarked  in  that  enterprize,  was  tried  and 
condemned  as  a  deserter,  but  obtained  a  reprieve,  and  died  a  few 
years  after  unmarried. 

Jjord  George  Murray,  the  fifth  son,  served  as  Colonel  under 
his  eldest  brother  in  171^1  and  accompanied  him  from  Spain  to 
Scotland  in  1719.  In  1745,^  he  *acted  as  second  Lieutenant- 
Greneral,  and  displayed  the  talents  of  an  able  officer  and  ^ithful 
pardzan.  Being  attainted  after  the  battle  of  Ctdloden,  he  con- 
cealed himself  until  he  found  an  opportunity  to  escape  to  th« 
continent.  Having  visited  Rome,  Paris,  &c.  he  retired  to  North 
Holland,  where  he  diisd  on  October  15th,  1760.    His  Lordship 

*  Set  Home's  History  of  the  RebelUon. 


SOO  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

married  Emilia,  daughter  and  heiress  of  — »-  Murray^  of  StroWea 
and  Giencarte^  by  whom  he  had  three  sons  and  two  danghten ; 
viz,  Jobn^  late  Duke  of  Atholl :  James,  who  was  Governor  of 
Fort-William,  in  Scotland  j  made  a  Lieutenant  •General  in  1793; 
and  died  March  igth,  1794$  having  been  M.  P.  for  Penhshire, 
from  1774  to  his  death:  George,  an  Admiral  R.N.  bom  I738j 
died  October  17th,  17979  having  married  Wllhehnina,  daughter 
cf  Thomas,  fifth  Lord  King :  she  died  S.P.  December  28th,  1795 ; 
Emilia,  married,  first,  to  John,  Lord  Sinclair;  and,  secondly,  to 
James  Ferquharson,  of  Invercauld,  Esq. :  and  Charlotte,  who  died 
Aug.  3d,  1773,  unmarried. 

Lord  Basil  Murray,  the  sixth  sodj,  died  young. 

Lady  Susan,  married  William  iSordon,  second  Earl  of  Aber- 
deen. • 

His  Grace  married  to  his  second  wife,  Mary,  daughter  of  Wil- 
liam, Lord  Ross  of  Haukhead,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons  and  a 
daughter,  viz. 

Lord  John  Murray,  who  taking  to  a  military  life,  was  appointed 
Colonel  of  the  42d  or  royal  Highland  regiment  of  foot,  on  April 
Mth,  1745)  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant-General  on  May 
aist,  1754;  to  that  of  Major-General  00  February  l6th,  1755; 
and  advanced  to  the  rank  of  General  on  April  30tb,  1770.  He 
married  on  September  I4th,  1758,  Miss  Dalton,  of  Banners-Cross, 
near  Sheffield,  in  Yorkshire.    He  died  May  23d,  1787. 

Lord  Frederick,  who  was  a  Captain  in  the  Navy,  and  died  un- 
married. 

Lady  Mary,  who  married  James  Ogilvie,  Lord  Deskford,  after- 
wards Earl  (rf'Findlater  and  Seafield. 

His  GiBoe  departed  this  life  on  November  14tb,  1724,  and  was 
aucceeded  in  titles  and  estate  (acccxding  to  the  before*mentioned 
act)  by  his  son 

Jambs,  second  Diike  of  AihoU,  who  in  17 1 2,  was  appointed  a 
Captain  in  the  first  regiment  of  foot-guards;  in  1718,  Lieutenant* 
Colonel  of  the  Royal  Scots,  or  first  regiment  of  foot ;  and  was 
elected  member  for  the  county  of  Perth,  in  the  first  and  second 
parliameots  of  King  George  first.  His  Grace,  in  1733,  was  made 
Lord  Privy  Seal  fiir  Scotland,  and  was  the  same  year  elected  oofi 
of  the  sixteen  Peers  of  Scotland,  in  the  room  of  John,  Earl  at 
Sutherland,  deceased.  His  Grace  was  also  returned  to  next  par- 
liament of  Great  Britain,  summoned  to  meet  on  June  13th,  1734^ 
but  James,  Earl  of  Derby,  dying  on  February  1st,  1735-6,  with- 
out iasue^  his  Grace  became  heir  of  line  and  at  law  to  that  ooost 


EABL  STRANGE.  SOI  i 

noble  and  Uinstrioas  fiunily  :^  bat  though  the  estate,  and  the  title 
of  Eari  of  Deibj  descended  to  Sir  Edward  Stanley^  the  heir  male, 
yet  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Atholl  succeeded  to  the  Lordship  of 
Man  and  the  Isles,  together  with  the  dignity  of  a  Baron  of  £ng- 
UmA,  by  the  title  of  Baron  Strj^kob.  In  the  case  as  set  forth  in 
the  petition  to  his  Majesty,  by  his  Grace  James,  Duke  of  Atholl, 
Lord  of  Man  and  the  Isles,  claiming  the  Barony  of  Strange,  it 
makes  mention,  That  his  Majesty  King  Henry  VII.  ia  the  first 
year  of  his  reign,  created  Thomas,  Lord  Stanley,  Earl  of  Derby; 
that  the  same  title  and  dignity  came  by  male  descent  to  Ferdi*, 
nando.  Earl  of  Derby,  who  left  three  daughters  and  no  son;  that 
the  title  and  dignity  of  Earl  of  Derby  came  to  William,  brother 
to  the  said  Ferdinando,  as  heir  male  of  the  body  of  the  said  Tho- 
mas, bat  the  said  William  was  never  seised  of  the  title  or  dignity  • 
of  a  Baron;  that  James,  Earl  of  Derby,  the  Duke's  ancestor, 
whose  heir  he  is,  eldest  son  of  the  said  William,  was  summoned 
to  paiiiameot  in  the  third  year  of  the  reign  of  Ring  Charles  L  aa 
a  Baron,  the  writ  being  directed,  ''  Jacoho  Strange  Chevalier^ 
and  being  also  summoned  to  several  parliaments  in  the  said  Ring's 
reign,  sat  and  voted  by  the  said  title  of  Lord  Strange,  in  the  life- 
'  time  of  the  said  William,  Earl  of  Derby,  his  Either;  that  upon 
the  death  of  the  said  William,  Earl  of  Derby,  the  said  James, 
Lord  Strange  succeeded  to  the  title  and  dignity  of  Earl  of  Derby, 
and  died  seised  thereof  to  him  and  the  heirs  male  of  the  body  of 
the  said  Thomas,  Earl  of  Derby,  and  of  the  title  and  dignity  of 
Lord  Strange  to  him  and  his  heirs;  that  the  said  title  and  dignity  of 
Lord  Strange,  came  by  male  descent  to  the  late  Earl  of  Derby, 
who  died  without  issue  in  the  month  of  February  1735;  that  th* 
Duke  oi  Atholl,  the  petitioner,  is  cousin  and  next  heir  to  the  said 
late  Earl  of  Derby,  and  great  grandson  and  sole  heir  of  the  said 
James,  Lord  Strange,  afterwards  Earl  of  Derby,  and  consequently 
entitled  to  tiie  dignity  of  a  Baron,  created  hy  writ  of  summonip 
in  virtue  of  which  the  said  Lord  Strange  sat: and  voted  in  Parlia- 
ment. These  points  of  fact  were  so  iully  proved,  and  the  point 
of  law  so  clearly  established,  that  the  authorities  could  not  be 
controverted,  and  therefore  the  House  of  Peers  allowed  the  Duke's 
claim  to  the  peerage,  by  t  be  title  of  Lord  Str  anob,  aa  gteat  grand- 
son to  James,  Lord  Strange  and  Earl  of  Derby,  who  was  created 
by  writ  of  summons  in  the  year  1627-8,  and  whose  heir  the  said 
Duke  of  Atholl  was.    In  consequence  of  this  determination,  his 

'    t  Vii.  to  WiJIitm,  tizth  Earl  of  Derby  5  not  to  h's  elder  brother,  FerdiAtndo, 
afdiEvL 


SOX  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Grace  took  bis  seat  in  the  Hoase  of  Peers,  on  March  l4th,l736-7» 
as  Lord  Strange,  vith  precedence  according  to  the  writ  of  sun^* 
mons  to  bis  great  grandfather,  the  aforementioned  Lord  Strange, 
February  13th,  1 627-8,  3  Car.  I. 

His  Grace  having  resigned  the  Privy  Seal,  was  on  April  ]6tb, 
1763,  constituted  Keeper  of  the  Great  Seal  of  Scotland  $  which 
high  office  he  enjoyed  till  his  death,  which  happened  on  Januaiy 

8th,  17^- 

His  Grace  was  first  married  in  17^6,  to  Jane,  daughter  of  Sir 
John  Frederick,  of  Westminster,  Bart,  and  widow  of  James 
Lanoy>  Esq.  only  son  and  heir  of  Sir  Timothy  Lanojj^,  of  Hammer- 
smith, in  Middlesex,  Knt.  and  by  her  Grace  (who  died  on  June 
13th,  1748 J  aged  fifty-five)',  had  two  sons  of  the  name  of  James, 
who  both  died  youngs  ^^^  two  daughters.  Lady  Jane,  who  mar- 
ried to  John  Lindsey,  Earl  of  Crawford,  biit  died  without  issue; 
and  Lady  Charlotte,  married  in  October,  1753,  to  her  cousin, 
John  Murray  (afterwards  Duke  of  AthoU),  eldest  son  of  Lord 
George  Murray,  fifth  son  of  John,  the  first  Duke  of  Atholl. 

His  Grace  wedded,  secondly,  in  1 749,  Jane,  daugliter  of  John 
Drummond,  of  Megginch,  Esq.  but  had  no  issue  by  her ;  and 
her  Grace  was,  secondly,  married,  on  September  2d,  17^7 >  to 
Lord  Adam  Gordon,  son  of  Alexander,  fourth  Duke  of  Gordon, 

His  Grace  djdng  without  male,  issue,  the  Barony  ofStrange,  to- 
gether with  the  Isle  of  Man,  as  also  the  Castle  and  Peele,  and  all 
the  isles  adjacent  j  likewise  all  the  regalities,  franchises,  and 
rights  thereunto  belonging,  and  patronage  of  the  Bishopric  (as 
held  of  the  King,  his  heirs  and  successors,  by  homage,  and  the 
service  of  two  falcons  on  the  day  of  their  coronation),  devolved 
upon  his  only  surviving  daughter  and  heiress, 

CHARLorra,  ihe  late  Baroness  Strahgb,  who,  as  above  ob- 
served, married,  in  October  J7^3j  her  cousin,  John  Murray,**  who 
on  the  death  of  James,  second  Duke  of  AthoU,  succeeded  to  tho 
titles  of  Duke,  Earl,  and  Marquis  of  Atholl,  of  Marquis  and 
Earl  of  Tullibardine,  of  Earl  of  Strathsay  and  Strathardle,  of 
discount  of  Balquhidder,  Glenalmond,  and  Glenlyon,  Lwd  Mur^ 
ray,  Balveny,  Gash,  i^c.  For  the  said  James,  Duke  of  Atholl, 
apprehaading  that  by  the  words  of  the  former  act  of  parliament, 
i^  might  be  doubtful  whether  upon  failure  of  his  Grace  and  the 
heirs  male  of  his  body,  the  honours,  titles,  and  estate  would  con- 
tinue in  the  family,  and  descend  to  the  late  Duke's  other  sods 
(his  Grace's  brothers),  and  whether  his  Grace,  and  his  issue  and 

•  Son  of  Lord  George,  who  wu  attainted  and  died  15th  October,  i^6o> 


EARL  STRANGE.  308 

hA%  male  of  the  late  Duke  of  AthoU>  might  take«  use,  and  enjof 
an/  title  and  estate  that  might  descend  or  come  to  him  or  them 
by  collateral  descent,  as  they  would  have  done  or  might  do»  if 
William  Murray,  commonly  called  Marquis  of  Tullibardine^  had 
not  been  attainted,  and  had  died  without  issue  in  the  late  Duke'a 
lifetime;  thereupon  his  Grace  went  up  to  Court,  and  laid  his 
case  before  his  Majesty,  praying  that  a  bill  might  be  brought  into 
parliament,  to  amend  and  explain  the  former  act,  for  vesting  the 
honours  and  estate  of  the  house  of  Atholl,  in  his  Grace*s  own 
person  9  which  at  the  humble  suit  and  request  of  the  Duke  was 
allowed  to  be  brought  in,  and  an  act  passed  thereon  by  the  King's 
most  excellent  Majesty,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of 
the  Lords  Spiritual  and  Temporal,  and  Commons  in  Parliament 
assembled,  and  by  the  authority  of  the  same,  that  the  attainder  of 
William  Murray,  called  Marquis  of  Tullibardine,  shall  not  ex- 
tend, or  be  construed  to  extend,  to  prevent  any  descent  of  honour 
or  estate  to  James,  Duke  of  Atholl,  and  his  issue,  or  to  any  of 
the  issue  or  heirs  male  of  John,  late  Duke  of  At  boll  (other  than 
the  said  William  Murray,  and  his  issue);  but  that  all  honours, 
titles,  and  estates  whatsoever,  shall  and  may  descend,  and  come 
to,  and  be  held  and  enjoyed  by  him  and  them,  as  in  case  the  said 
William  Murray  had  not  been  attainted,  and  had  died  without 
issue  in  the  lifetime  of  John,  the  late  Duke,  bis  father. 

The  said  John,  third  Duke  of  Atholl,  and  the  said  Charlottb, 
Bahoness  Stbamgs^  had  issue  six  sons,  and  four  danghteiyj 
viz. 

1.  John,  the  present  Duke. 

2.  James,  bom  December  5th,  1757;  and  died  in  April,  1770. 

3.  George^  bom  in  January  17^9;  and  died  in  the  same  year. 

4.  Lord  George,  born  January  20th,  1761,  many  years  Rector 
of  Honton,  Kent  j  Lord  Bishop  of  St.  David's,  i802;  died  June 
3d,  1803,  having  married,  December,  1 780,  Aune,  daughter  of 
General  Grant,  and  had  issue:  1.  John,  bom  November  10th# 
1786.  2.  George.  3.  Charlotte.  4.  Charles.  5.  Caroline- 
Leonora.  6.  A  son,  born  October  4th,  1796.  7.  Another  son, 
born  October  20th,  1797. 

5.  Lord  William,  born  March  20th,  1762)  and  died  Decem- 
ber 29th,  179S,  having  married  June  14th,  1789,  Miss  Hodg^ 
and  bad  issue  a  son,  bora  March  25  th,  17gO,  who  died  in.Ml^, 
1792.  f 

6.  Lady  Arodta,  bora  July  3d,  17635  married,  Februaiy  24tb, 
1 7801  Tbomas-Ivc  Cooke,  Esq.   and  had  issue;    and  after  his 


304  P£BRA6E  OF  ENGLAND. 

death  At  married^  lecoDdly,  July  2d^  1796,  Sir  Bicfaard  Oamon, 
Bart,  by  whom  the  had  a  daughter^  bom  April  1 1th,  I7g7,  and 
diM  1800. 

7.  Lady  Jane,  bom  December  2d,  1764-,  married  in  1785,  Mr. 


8.  Lord  Henry,  bora  June  13th^  1707,  and  died  December  3d, 
1605,  having  married^  December  8th^  1786,  Miss  Kent,  daughter 
of  Richard  Kent,  Esq.  and  had  issued  besides  other  children,  a 
daughter,  born  September,  1797* 

9.  Lady  Mary,  born  January,  17^;  married,  in  1787,  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Martin,  qnd  has  issue  a  son,  bora,  bora  November  8th, 
17823  another  son,  bora  October  8th,  179^* 

10.  Charles,  in  Holy  Orders,  Dean  of  BocUng,  bom  April  2l9t, 
1771$  married,  on  June  18th,  1793,  Miss  Aimsley,  of  Littlefaarle 
Tower,  in  Northumberland;  and  his  Lordship,  by  his  Majesty  s 
permission,  took  the  name  of  Aynesley,  and  had  issue  a  daughter, 
bora  April  8th,  1794;  a  son,  bora  June  2d,  \795i  and  a  son, 
bom  November  29th,  1799.    His  Lordship  died  May  dth,  1808. 

His  Grace  died  at  his  seat  at  Blair,*  in  Scotland,  <m  November 
5th,  1774,  and  his  Duchess,  October  13th,  1805;  and  were  suc- 
ceeded in  titles  and  estate  by  their  eldest  son, 

John,  fourth  and  presmt  Duke  of  Atholl^  and  fiS'St  Eakl 
Steawob;  and  (in  right  of  his  mother),  Bxaov  Stkanob. 

His  Grace  was  bora  on  June  30th,  17$5.  On  December  26th, 
1774,  his  Grace  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Charles,  ninth  Lord 
Cathcart,  and  by  her  (who  died  September  4th,  1790),  he  has 

iMue, 

1.  Charlotte,  bora  Ocober  23d,  1775;  married,  March  4th, 
1797»  ^^  J<^°  Menzies,  Bart,  since  deceased;  and  married,  se- 
condly. May  28th,  1801,  Captain  James  Drummond,  of  Strath- 
allan,  a  Captain  in  the  Boyal  Navy. 

2.  Mary- Louisa,  bora  December  llth,  177^3  ^^^  ^^^  u^  June 

1777. 

3.  John,  Marquis  of  Tullibardine,  bora  June  26th,  1778. 

'  4.  Amelia-Sophia,  born  July  5th,  178O. 

5.  James,  Lieut-Colonel  Commandant  of  the  Boyal  Manx  Fen- 
dbles,  bora  May  29th,  1782. 

6.  Another  son,  bora  September  1  itb,  1783,  who  died  in  Feb- 
niary,  1798. 

7.  A  daughter,  bora  April  19th,  1787. 

8.  Edward,  bora  October  I5th,  1788;  died  March  15th,  1795. 

^  Set  an  iffectioi  «cco«nt  of  hii  dtttk  ia  Oilpin't  Northera    ditr. 


EARL  STRANGE. 


S05 


ttis  Grace  married^  secondly^  March  lltb^  1794^  the  Hon. 
Margery  Forbes,  daughter  of  James,  Lord  Forbes,  relict  of  Lord 
Madeod,  by  whom  he  has 

A  daughter^  born  in  \7g5,  who  died  an  in/ant. 

A  son,  born  Jannary,  1 799. 

His  Grace  is  Lord  of  the  Isle  of  Man,y  Lord  Lieatenant  of 
Perthshire,  Keeper  of  Falkland,  K.T.  and  F.R.S. 

Titles.  John  Murray,  Baron  Strange,  Earl  Strange,  and  Lord 
of  Man  and  the  Isles.  ~  Also  Duke  and  Marquis  of  AthoU,  Earl 
of  ToIlibardiAe,  Viscount  Glenalmond,  Lord  Murray.  Scotch 
honours. 

Creation,  Baron  Strange,  by  writ  of  summons  to  Parliament, 
February  ]3tb»  1 62^-8,  3  Cha.  I.;  Sari  Strange  by  letters  patent, 
August  8th,  1786. 

jhms,  Quarteriy,  the  first  quarter.  Azure,  three  mullets  Ar- 
dent, within  a  double  tressure,  flowered  and  counter-flowered 
with  Fleur-de-lis,  Or,  for  Murray;  second  quarter.  Gules,  three 
legs  in  armour  proper,  conjoined  at  the  upper  part  of  the  thighs, 
flexed  in  triangles,  garnished  and  spurred  Or,  for  the  Isle  of  Man; 
third  quarter,  quarterly  1st  and  4th  Argent  on  a  bend  Azure,  three 
stags  heads  caboshed.  Or,  for  Stanley;  2d  and  3d  Guletl,  two 
lions  passant  Argent,  for  Strange;  fourth  quarter,  quarterly  the 
1st  and  4th,  Or,  a  Fess  cheeky  Aigent  and  Azure  for  Stuart;  the 
2d  and  3d,  P^ley  of  6,  Or  and  Sable,  for  the  title  of  Atholl. 

t  By  a  late  act  of  parltameot,  hh  Grace  has  receiTed  an  addidwul  remajiera*' 
^on  for  the  sale  of  the  tiomt^gaUf  of  the  isle  of  Man* 


toi..  n 


PEERAGE  OF  ENG1..AND. 


EDGCUMBE  EARL  MOUNT-EDGCUMBE. 

Tbis  faauly,  denDminated  from  the  manor  of  Eggecomb,  Ege' 
comb,  and  Edgwomb  (as  it  bta  been  varioudx  written  in  fonner 
fCGordi),  in  the  parish  of  CberitoD  Fitz-Psiin,  near  Crediton,  baa 
tieen  ot  great  aatiqnity  in  Devonshire;  and  in  tliat  'church  ia 
^dge^oiDb's  iile,  adorned  witb  divers  coats  of  arms  belonging  to 

Batintbereignof  King  Edward  III.  WiLUAMdeE^ecomb'' 
taking  (o  wife  Hillaria,  daughter  and  beir  of  William  de  Cote- 
^ele,  of  Cotehele,  in  (be  county  of  Cornwall,  chiefij'  tended 
there.  It  is  now  wrote  Cattail,  and  is  s^rated  fhim  Deronshiie 
only  by  the  breadth  of  the  river  Tamer.  Id  1378,  the  said  Wil- 
liam de  Eggecomb,  writing  himself  of  Cotebele,  in  Cornwall/ 
granted  lai>da  in  Midijletan  to  the  convent  of  Tavistock,  in  De- 
vonshire.   He  died  1380,  and  left  issue  by  her 

WiLLitM  Edgecomb,  Esq.  who  married  the  daughter  and  heir 

of Denset;  he  had  a  grant,  in  6  Henry  V.  with  Robert 

Hethe,^  of  the  custody  of  the  lead-mines,  with  the  silver  ore 
thereiD,  which  were  in  DevonsUre.     He  lefl  issue, 

Pbtbr  Edgecomb,  Esq.  who  In  "  12  Henry  VI.  was  retained 
anxmg  the  chief  cf  the  county  of  Devon,  who  made  oath  (ot 
themselves,  and  retainers,  to  observe  the  laws  then  existing.  By 
his  wife,  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  heir  of  Bichard  Holland,  Esq. 
tie  was  father  of  Sir  Richard  Edgecomb,  Kat 

Wliich  Sir  RicHAKD  was  a  person  of  great  note  in  the  reigns  of 

■  PcIdcc'i  Wuthici  of  DcTon,  p.  aSl. 

^  MS.  de  Comiib.  paaci  Ric.  Dam.  EdgKonibe. 

«  D«s4ti  kt.  b  Collect.  Ouil.  Pole,  '  lUt.  Fin.  6.  Hfn.  V.  m.(. 

e  Fulkr')  Wutblti,  (.  at;. 


feAttL  MOUNt-EfiGtetffrfBE,  W 

King  Edward  IV.  Ricbard  III.  and  Henry  VH.  In  7  Edw.  IV. 
'he  served  in  parliament  for  Tavistock,  in  Devonshire;  and  id 
the  same  year«  was  escbeator  of  the  county  of  Cornwall ;  an  of- 
fice in  those  times  of  great  trust.  But  wheti  Richard  III.  had 
fas  is  generally  supposed),  put  to  death  his  nephews.  King  Ed^ 
^ard  V.  and  the  Duke  of  York,  he,  detesting  his  tyranny  and 
cruelty,  appeared  in  arms  on  that  rising  of  Henry  Stafford,  Dukd 
of  Buckingham,  who,  not  being  able  to  join  his  friends  in  th6 
West  (where  an  army  was  raised  to  assist  him),  and  being  forced 
to  fly,  was  taken  and  beheaded.  After  whicih,  those  forces  in 
i)evonshire  and  Cornwall  dispersed ;  and  King  Richard  ^  causing 
divers  to  be  apprehended  (some  whereof  were  executed  at  Exeter), 
this  Sir  Richard  Edgecomb  very  narrowly  escaped.  He  concealed 
himself*  for  some  time  in  those  woods  that  overlook  the  rivef 
•Tamer,  which  belonged  to  his  house  at  Cuttail;  and  being  hotl^ 
pursued,  and  narrowly  searched  for,  extremity  taught  him  a  sud^ 
den  policy  to  deceive  his  pursuers.  He  put  stones  in  his  cap,  and 
tumbling  them  into  the  water,  those  who  were  at  his  heels  hear* 
ing  the  noise,  and  seeing  the  cap  swimming,  supposed  he  had 
desperately  drowned  himself,  and  gave  over  the  pursuit.  He  had 
the  good  fortune  soon  after  to  get  into  Britany,  to  the  Earl  of 
Richmond,^  with  Peter  Coortenay,  Bishop  of  Exeter,  Sir  EdDt^ard 
Courtenay,  his  brother,  and  others  3  and  was  among  the  chief  of 
those  which  the  Earl  of  Richmond  consulted  with,  in  order  to  his 
expedition  intb  England :  and  behaving  himself  with  great  valouf 
and  intrepidity  at  Bosworth,  on  Aug.  22d^  1485,  where  Richard  III. 
was  slain^*  he  was  knighted  in  the  field  of  battle. 

When  the  said  Earl  of  Ridimond,  by  that  decisive  victory  at 
Bosworth,  became  King  by  the  name  of  Henry  VII.  he  was  not 
nnmindful  of  Sir  Richard  Edgecomb,  who  had  ventured  his  lifd 
and  fortune  in  his  service.  He  immediately  made  him  Comp-^ 
troUer  of  his  household,  and  a  member  of  his  privy-council.  Also 
on  June  7th,  148§,  the  fifst  year  of  his  reign,  '  in  consideration^ 
(as  expressed  in  the  patent),  of  the  good  and  acceptable  services 
of  his  beloved  and  faithful  servant.  Sir  Richard  Eggecombe,  Knt* 
heretofore  performed,  ba  well  in  foreign  parts  as  in  England,  and 
irfaich  he  still  continues  to  perform/  he  grants  to  him  and  his 

f  WiUirs  )iot.  Pari.  Vol^  II.  p.  35a*  i  Rot.  Ffn.  7  Bdw.  IV.  m. 

^  Stow*!  Annals,  p.  466,  467.  '  Prioce^i  Worthies,  pnfcd. 

^  Swwt  p.  4661 
■  Ibid,  pi  iff.  k  MS.  snb  £ffig«  Clattdiui,  c*  J^  fi  i^,  ia  BIfaL  QtXUbi 

•  P«t4  I  HtfltitVII.  p.  ^ 


aoto  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

bQirs,  the  castle^  honour,  lordship,  and  the  manor  of  Totnes^'t 
and  the  lordship  and  manor  of  Comworthy 5  the  manors  of  Huisbe 
and  Lodeswelle^  with  their  members  and  appurtenances;  toge- 
ther  with  all  rents,  which  were  John  Lord  Zouch*s,  in  Huishe> 
and  Lodeswelle ;  and  all  the  messuages,  lands,  &c.  which  were 
the  said  Johns  in Totness,  Cornworthy,  Huislie,  and  Lodeswelle, 
tiforesaid;  and  in  North  Moulton,  in  com.  Devon;  together  with 
the  knights  fees,  advowsoo,  &c.  And  further  giants  to  the  said 
Sir  Richard  the  manor  of  Hidlington,  in  Rutlandshire,  which  was 
Francis  Viscount  Lovd's,  &c. 

These  accessions  to  his  estate  brought  to  his  remembrance  the 
providence  of  God,  in  his  happy  deliverance  from  the  tyranny  of 
Bichard  IIL  and  therefore  he  was  so  piously  disposed,  that  he 
built  a  chapel  in  the  same  place  ^  where  he  concealed  himself} 
the  ruins  whereof  still  remained,  as  is  observed  by  Sir  William 
Pole,  a  curious  antiquary  in  Devonshire. 

On  December  5th,  1485/  the  King,  most  fully  confident  in  the 
loyalty,  care,  and  industry,  of  Sir  Richard  Edgccomb,  Knt.  Cocpp- 
troller  of  his  household,  and  one  of  his  Privy  Ck>uncil,  appoints 
him,  with  John  Arundel,  dean  of  St.  Peter's  church,  in  Exeter, 
and  of  his  Privy  Council,  and  John  Badiswell,  LL.  D.  Clerk  of 
the  Council,  to  meet  and  treat  with  all  captains,  lieutenants,  offi- 
cers, persons  paying  tribute,  or  inhabitants,  in  the  town  of  Calais^ 
tower  of  Risebank,  tower  and  castle  of  Gruynes,  castle  of  Hammes^ 
and  marches  thereof,  relating  to  all  matters  concerning  the  crown 
of- England,  in  the  said  places,  and  to  admit  ail  persons  therein  to 
their  allegiance. 

In  the  statute  of  resumptions,  made  in  the  first  year  of  King 
Henry  VIL  there  is  an  exception,  that  the  sanae  shall  not  extend 
to  Sir  Richard  Eggecomb,  Knt  '  for  the  offices  of  feodary  of  the 
duchy  of  Cornwall,  the  constableahip  of  the  castle  of  Launceaton 
in  Cornwall,  and  of  the  castle  of  Hertford,  and  manor  of  Bushey, 
in  the  county  of  Hertford.' 

In  1487^  he  was  Sheriff  of  Devonshire;  and  that  year  bronght 
aid  to  the  King  at  the  battle  of  Stoke,  near  Newark,  on  June 
16th,  where  John^  Eail  of  Lineoln^  the  LcHrd  Lovd,  and  their 
^dherents^  were  vanqoubed.  After  which,  the  King  removing 
to  Lincoln,  and  from  thence  Into  Yorkshire,  came  aboat  the 
middle  of  August  to  Newcaatle  upon  l^ne;   wheie^  as  Stow 

n  Sir  William  Pole's  Cat.  of  fanoui  Statesmen,  MS. 
*  i(f«Mr*aIMen»  V^L  XU.  p.  179.  p  FoUer'a  Wmthies,  p.  S70. 


EARL  MOUNT-EDGCUMBE.  ZOQ 

writes*^  he  sent  Richard  Fox,  Bishop  of  Wiucliesser  (Lord  Privy 
Seal),  and  Sir  Richard  Edgecomb>  Knt.  Comptroller  of  his  house, 
ambassadors  into  Scotland,  to  coucladr?  a  peace,  or  irua*.,  withr 
James  III.  King  of  that  realm.  The  English  ambassadors  were 
honourably  received  by  the  Scottish  Monarchy  but  as  the  Scots 
were  averse  to  the  proposed  terms  of  ]>eace,  could  only  ol>taio  a 
truce  for  seven  years  ^  and  the  King  staid  at  Newcastle  till  their 
return. 

He  was  afterwards  sent  into  Ireland,  '  being  a  person  of  bio* 
gutar  prudence'  (as  .Sir  James  Ware  observes,  in  his. Annals  of 
Ireland,  p.  10),  to  administer  the  oaths  of  allegiance  and  obedi- 
CDce^  as  well  to  the  nobility,  gentry,  and  prlipe  officers,  as  to  tho 
commonalty  of  the  realm 5  and  brought  over  with  him  500  armed 
men. 

Among  the  manuscripts  in  the  Cotton  Library,  is  a  joomal  of 
Hs  expedition,  containing  iiisny  particulars  unobserved  by  our 
historians,  both  of  England  and  Ireland.  Therefore  I  shall  recite 
the  most  material  parts  of  the  said  Joamal,  which  Mr.  Anstss^ 
late  Grarter  King  of  Arms,  believed  to  be  written  by  himself. 

On  June  23d,  1488,  Sir  Richard  Eggecomb,  Knt.  took  ship* 
ping  at  Moum's-bay,  in  Cornwall,  in  the  Anne  of  Foway,  and 
arrived  at  KJngsale  the  27th.  He  landed  there  26th  June,  at  the 
request  of  the  Lord  Courcy,  and  of  the  portreve,  who  delivered 
him  the  kejs  of  the  town  in  the  King's  name,  and  he  then  gave, 
them  the  King's  pardon,  and  took  the  oaths  of  allegiance  and 
fealty  of  the  Loiti  Thomas  Parry.  The  same  night  he  embarked 
and  sailed  towards  Deveiyn  [Dublin],  and  the  29th  crossed  the 
teas,  the  wind  being  contrary* 

30th  June,  at  six  in  the  moroiog,  he  arrived  at  Waterford,  and 
landed  in  the  afternoon,  where  the  mayor  and  worshipful  men 
bonoarably  received  him  $  and  he  lodged  at  the  mayor  s  house. 

Ist  July,  the  major  had  him  about  the  city,  shewed  him  the 
walls  and  reparations,  and  then  went  to  the  Guildhall,  where  the 
council  was  assembled,  and  there  the  mayor  shewed  him  the 
state  of  the  city,  and  the  disposition  of  divers  great  men,  and  of 
the  common  people;  telling  him,  he  uuderstCiod  that  he  had 
biDOght  with  him  the  Kings  pardon  for  the  Earl  of  Kildare,  al- 
wi^  an. enemy  to  their  city.  At  night  he  went  on  board,  and 
pat  to  sea^  July  2d,  sailing  towards  Deveiyn,  the  wind  con« 
trary, 
^d  Joly,  with  great  difficulty^  and  tempestuous  sea,  he  made 

9  Aiinals>  p«  273,  A  and  b. 


$ia  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Lambay  island,  on  the  coast  of  Deve1yn>  and  sent  a  man  on  AoT^g, 
to  inquire  for  the  Bishop  of  Clocornen^  or  Thomas  Dartas^  ox 
Blchard  the  King's  porter,  with  an  intent  to  notify  bis  arrivalj. 
'and  to  have  knowledge  of  the  disposition  of  the  country,  and  of. 
his  sure  coiping  to  land. 

4th  July,  Thomas  Dartas  came  on  board  Sir  Richard,  and  told 
him  the  Earl  of  Kildare  was  gone  on  pilgrimage,  but  that  he* 
would  be  there  in  four  or  £ve  days,  and  desired  him  to  stay  a| 
Develyn  in  the  mean  season,  to  take  his  ease. 

5th  JFoly,  Sir  Richard  landed  at  Malehid^  where  he  was  re^* 
ceived  by  Mr.  Talbot,  who  made  him  good  cheer;  and  in  the 
afternoon,  the  Bishop  of  Meath,  and  others,  came  to  him,  and' 
accompanied  him  to  Develyn,  where  the  mayor,  and  principal' 
persons  of  the  city,  received  him  at  the  Black-Friers  gate ;  and. 
they  lodged  him  in  the  said  Friers* 

6th  July,  Sir  Richard  waited  for  tl)^  Blarl  of  Kildare,  and  other . 
IiOffds  of  Ireland,  coming  to  him| 

7th  and  8th  July,  he  continued  there,  preparing  matters  he 
bad  to  deliver  to  the  Lords  ^  and  (he  Archbishop  of  Develyn  came 
t»  him. 

gtb,  the  Bishop  of  Clonoornen,  and  th^  Treasurer  of  Ireland, 
came  to. him. to  his  lodgings. 

10th  July^  he  still  waited  for  the  Earl  of  Kildare*s  arrival 
there^  as  he  did  the  11th  to  his  great  costs. 

12th  Jnl^,  the  Earl  of  Kildare  cama  to  St.  Thomases  convent, 
within  the  walla  of  Develyn,  with  200  horses,  and  sent  the  Btv 
shop  of  Meath,  and  the  Baron  of  Slaa^  with  divers  others,  to  Sir 
Richard,  who  conveyed  him  to  the  Earl,  where  in  a  great  diam- 
ber,  he  received  and  welcomed  him.  Howbeit,  Sir  Richard  made 
nojk  reverence  to  him^  and  the  Lords  there  assembled}  but  openly 
delivered  the  Earl  the  King's  letters,  which  being  read,  they  all 
went  to  a  privy  chavnber,  where  he  declared  his  message  from  the 
King,  and  the  cause  of  his  coming  $  bat  divers  of  the  Lords  being 
absent^  they  took  five  days  to  answer;  and  that  night  the  Earl 
went  to  his  place  called  M^ooeth,  19  miles  from  Develyn j  and 
SijT  Richard  continued  in  his  lodgings. 

13th  July>  Sur  Richard  went  to  Christ-rchurdb,  and  there  canaecl 
the  Bishop  of  Meath  to  dedare*  as  well  the  pope*s  bnll  of  ncr 
•ursing,  and  the  absolution  for  the  same  as.the  King^s  pardon  to 
such  as  would  do  their  duty;  and  that  day  the  Archbishop  of  Det 
Tely9,  Bishop  of  Meath^  and  diveqi  gr^t  ineo>  dined  mth  ^ 
lUchard  at  his  lodgings^ 


EARL  MOUNf-EDGCUJiBE.  311 

Monday,  14th  July^  Sir  Richard^  at  the  request  of  the  Earl  of 
Kildare,  went  to  Mayoneth,  where  the  Earl  entertained  him  with 
good  cheer,  promising  to  conform  in  all  things  to  the  King's  . 
pleasure,  so  as  to  content  the  mind  of  Sir  Richard. 

15th  July^  he  continued  with  the  Earl^  where  came  the  chief 
of  the  Lords,  and  others  of  the  council,  and  had  great  communi- 
cations, but  nothing  was  done  tKat  day,  and  Sir  Richard  was  pot 
off  till  the  next  day. 

Wednesday,  l6th  July,  Sir  Richard  expected  thfit  thc^  Eail 
would  have  done  as  was  agreed  over  night)  but  he  the  said  Earl,  ' 
and  his  council,  made  unreasonable  delays,  which  displeased  Sir 
Richard,  who  plainly  and  sharply  told  them  of  their  unfitting  de- 
meanor. And  that  day  the  Earl,  with  the  Lords  and  council,  and 
Sir  ilichard,  came  again  to  Develyn, 

Thursday,  17th  July,  the  Earl  and  other  Lords,  held  a  great 
council  at  St.  Thomas's  convent,  where  they  agreed  to  become. 
*the  King's  true  subjects^  as  they  said;  and  would  give  sureties^  as 
could  be  devised  by  the  King's  laws,  but  would  not  assent  to  the 
bond  of  Nisi;  and  certain  of  the  said  council  came  three  or  four 
times  that  day  to  Sir  Richard,  and  required  him  to  leave  off  call- 
ing for  the  bond;  with  which  he  not  complying,  and  giving  short 
answers,  angry  words  arose  that  day,  so  no  conclusion  was  taken. 
The  same  day^  the  Lord  Gormanston  dined  with  Sir  Richard  at 
bis  lodgings. 

Friday,  18th  July,  the  Earl  of  Kildare  and  council  assembled^ 
and  in  the  afternoon  gave  Sir  Richard  for  answer,  that  they  would 
Jn  no  wise  be  bound  in  the  said  bond  of  Nisi,  and  rather  than  do 
it,  they  would  become  Yryshe  every  of  them.  The  said  Sir  Ri« 
chard  hearing  that  the  common  voice  in  Develyn,  and  all  the 
country,  was,  that  the  King  of  Scots  was  dead;  and  considering 
the  danger  of  leaving  them  in  their  erroneous  opinion,  he  at  last 
cond(^scended,  that  the  Earl  of  Kildare,  and  all  the  Lords  of  the 
land,  should  l>e  sworn  on  the  sacrament,  for  their  assurance 
unto  the  King,  in  such  form  as  should  be  devised  by  the  said  Sir 
Richard;  and  that  night  Sir  Richard  devised  as  sure  an  oath  as  he 
Goidd.  . 

Saturday,  10th  July,  Sir  Richard  sent  to  the  s^id  Earl,  and 
council,  the  oath ;  who  made  great  questions  and  doubts  thereqn. , 
So  in  the  afternoon  Sir  Richard  went  in  person  to  them;  but  thej 
inaking  great  delays,  canie  to  no  conclusion. 

Sunday,  20th  July,  the  Earl  and  co\U)cil  agreed  to  be  sworn 
upon  the  holy  sacrament,  to  be  the  King's  tru^  liegemen,  from 


SI2  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

thenceforth^  according  to  the  oath  agreed  on  between  them  9fiii 
Sir  Richard,  which  was  to  be  certified  to  the  King  ander  their, 
seals;  and  offered  to  be  sworn  in  the  afternoon;  to  which  Sir 
Richard  would  not  consent,  but  would  haire  them  be  sworn  in 
the  forenoon,  and  that  a  chaplain  of  his  own  should  consecrate  the 
hbst  as  they  should  be  sworn  upon ;  and  so  deferred  it  to  the  nei:t 
day.  At  night  the  Treasurer  of  Ireland,  and  Lord  Gormanston, 
supped  with  Sir  Richard. 

/Monday,  2ist  July,  Sir  Richard  went,  at  the  desire  of  the  Earl 
cf  Kildare,  to  the  monastery  of  St.  Thomas  the  Martyr,  where 
the  Lords  and  council  were  assembled;  and  in  the  great  chamber* 
called  the  King*d  chamber,  Sir  Richard  took  first  homage  of  the 
said  Earl,  and  of  other  Lords.  After  which,  the  said  Earl  went 
into  another  chamber,  where  Sir  Richard's  chaplain  was  at  mass; 
and  in  mass  time  the  said  Earl  was  shriveo,  and  assoiled,  (rora 
the  cnrse  he  sto&d  In  by  virtue  of  the  Pope's  bull,  and,  before  the 
agnes  of  the  said  mass,  the  host  was  divided  in  three  parts;  and 
the  priest  turning  about,  holding  the  three  parts  upon  the  patten, 
in  the  presence  of  many,  the  Earl,  holding  his  right  hand  over 
the  host,  made  his  solemn  oath  of  allegiaoce  to  King  Henry  the 
Seventh ;  and  likewise  the  Bishops  and  Lords.  All  which  being 
done^  the  Earl,  with  the  said  Sir  Richard,  Bishops,  and  Lords, 
went  into  the  church  of  the  said  monastery,  and  in  the  choir  the 
Archbishop  of  Develyn  began  Te  Deum,  and  the  choir,  with  the 
organs,  sung  it  up  solemnly;  and  all  the  bells  in  the  church  did 
ring;  which  done,  the  Earl,  and  greatest  part  of  the  Lords,  went 
with  Sir  Richard,  and  dined  with  him,  and  had  much  good  cheer. 
Sir  Richard,  at  the  said  EarFs  homage,  put  a  collar  of  the  King's 
livery  about  his  neck,  which  he  wore  throughout  the  said  city  of 
Develyn. 

Tuesday,  22d  July,  Sir  Richard  went,  about  nine  of  the  bell  in 
the  morning,  to  the  Guildhall  within  the  city,  where  the  mayor, 
bailifis,  and  commonalty,  were  assembled;  and  they  were  sworn 
to  the  King,  according  to  such  form  as  they  have  certified  under 
their  common  seal. 

Wednesday,  23d  July,  Sir  Richard,  about  eight  of  the  bell/ 
went  to  the  Earl  of  Kildare,  to  a  place  of  canons^  called  All- 
Hallows,  within  Develyn ;  and  theie  had  a  long  communication 
with  him  and  his  council ;  and  after  dinner  Sir  Richard  rode 
24  miles,  thence  to  Drogheda. 

Thursday^  24th  July,  Sir  Richard  took  fealty  of  the  mayor 
and  town  of  Drog^ieda^  in  the  Guildhall^  and  took  ^reti^  foe 


£ARL  MOUNT.EDGCUMB£.  3i^ 

flidr  good  abiding  towards  the  King;  and  delivered  to  them  tlie 
King's  pardon  j  and  lay  all  that  day  in  the  town^  and  had  good 
cheer. 

Friday^  25th  July,  Sir  Richard  rode  to  Trytnme,  and  took  fealty 
of  the  portreve.  burgesses,  and  commonalty  of  the  same. 

Saturday,  26ih  July,  Sir  Richard  returned  to  his  lodgings,  in 
the  Black-Friers  in  Develyn. 

Sunday,  27th  July,  he  dined  with  the  Recorder  of  Develyn, 
and  had  a  great  dinner  3  at  which  was  present  the  Archbishop  of 
Develyn. 

Monday^  28th  July,  he  continued  at  Develyn,  waiting  the 
coming  of  the  Earl  of  Kildare,  and  of  the  Lords,  to  have  their 
letters,  and  certificates,  to  the  King;  for  Sir  Richard  would  in  no 
wise  deliver  to  the  Earl  the  pardon,  till  he  had  delivered  the  afore- 
said certificate  and  obligation. 

Tuesday,  29th  July,  the  Earl  of  Kildare,  and  Lords  spiritual 
and  temporal,  come  to  All- Hallows  priory  within  Develyn;  to 
whom  Sir  Richard  came,  and  had  with  them  long  communica- 
tion; and  undei standing  that  certain  persons,  noted  to  be  the 
chief  causes  of  the  grent  rrbelliun  lately  in  Ireland,  and  Justice 
Plunket,  and  the  Prior  of  Kihnaynam,  to  be  among  the  chiefs ; 
thereupon  great  instances  w^^re  made  by  the  said  Earl,  and  Lords 
to  receive  them  to  the  King*6  grace,  which  Sir  Richard  refused. 
And  that  day  the  Earl,  and  Sir  Richard,  and  many  other  Lords, 
dined  with  Waiter  Y^ers,  and  in  the  afternoon  they  met  at  St. 
Mary*s  abbey,  wiihoat  Develyn^  where  Sir  Richard  took  the 
fealty  and  homage  of  many  gentlemen;  and  the  Archbishop  of 
Armagh  came  to  Sir  Ricbard*s  lodging,  and  made  both  his  fealty 
and  homage. 

Wednesday,  30th  July,  the  said  Earl,  Sir  Richard,  and  tl^ 
Lords  spiritual  and  temporal,  met  at  our  Lady  church  of  the 
Daines,  in  Develyn;  and  great  instance  was  made  to  Sir  Richard^ 
to  accept  of  Justice  Plunket  and  the  Prior  of  Kilmaynam*s  sub- 
mission to  the  King's  grace:  the  said  Sir  Richard  answered  sharply^ 
that  he  knew  better  the  King*s  commands  and  instructions  than 
they;  and  gave  the  Justice,  and  Prior,  fearful  and  terrible  words, 
iD5somuch  that  the  said  Earl  and  Lords,  would  give  no  reply,  but 
kept  their  peace;  and  after  the  great  ire  past,  the  said  Earl  and 
Lords  laboured  with  such  fair  means  and  proffers,  as  Sir  Richard 
agreed  to  admit  Justice  Plunket  to  the  King's  grace,  and  took  hig 
homage  and  fealty;  but  refused  the  Prior  of  KUmaynam  unto  the . 
King's  grace,  ,  And  then  departing  unto  bis  lodging^  he  toolf. 


3^14  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

t^itli  him  divers  judges,  and  other  noblemeo^  and  went  to  the 
castle  of  Develyn,  and  there  pat  in  possession  Richard  Archibell, 
the  Kings  servant,  into  the  office  of  constable  of  the  said  castle; 
which  the  King's  grace  had  givrn  unto  him  by  his  letters  patents; 
from  the  which  office^  the  said  Prior  of  Kilmaynam  had  wrong* 
folly  kept  the  said  Richard,  by  the  space  of  two  years,  and  more. 
And  before  he  departed  out  of  the  said  church  of  Daines,  the  said 
Earl  of  Kildare  delivered  to  the  said  Sir  Richard,  both  his  certifi- 
cate, upon  his  oath,  under  the  seal  of  his  arms,  as  also  the  obli- 
gation of  his  sureties.  And  there  the  said  Sir  Richard^  in  the 
presence  of  all  the  ^rds,  delivered  unto  him  the  King's  pardon, 
under  his  great  seal,  in  the  prfesence  of  all  the  Lords ;  and  there 
took  his  leave  of  the  said  Earl,  and  Ix)rds  spiritual  and  temporal. 
And  that  day,  after  dinner,  the  said  Sir  Richard  departed  out  of 
Dcvelyn,  to  a  place  called  Dalcay,  six  miles  fromDevelyn,  where 
his  ships  lay.  And  the  Archbishop  of  Dcvelyn,  Justice  Bcr- 
tnyngham,  and  the  Recorder  of  Develyn,  with  many  other  nobles, 
brought  him  thither;  and  that  night  he  took  his  ship,  and  lay  at 
Rode  all  that  night,  the  wind  being  contrarious  unto  him;  and 
the  sliips  so  lay,  that  he  could  not  get  into  them  without  peril. 

Thursday,  the  last  day  of  July,  the  ships  ^ere  gotten  out  of 
the  said  road,  and  because  the  wind  was  contrarious/  he  could 
make  no  sail;  and  that  night  lay  beside  a  place  called  Houtbe. 

Friday,  the  first  day  of  August,  the  wind  being  still  contra- 
rious, the  said  Sir  Richard  caused  the  master  and  mariners  to  take 
sail,  and  traversed  in  the  sea  till  it  was  about  four  of  the  cloek  at 
afternoon :  and  the  wind  began  to  rise,  being  still  contrarious,  so 
that  he  was  fain  to  return  again  to  a  rqpd  called  Lambrye,  an 
island  about  ten  miles  from  Develyn,  and  there  lay^all  night. 

Saturday,  the  second  day  of  August,  such  an  huge  and  great 
tenapesc  arose,  that  no  sail  might  be  made,  the  wind  being  still 
contrarious. 

Sunday,  the  third  day  of  August,  (he  aforesaid  tetnpest  en- 
dored  still,  and  the  aforesaid  Sir  Richard  lay  that  day  about  the 
aforesaid  isle;  and  there  he  and  his  company  avowed  great  pit- 
grimages,  that  iGvod  would  cease  the  tempest,  and  send  a  fair  and 
a  large  wind. 

Monday,  the  fourth  day  of  August,  the  aforesaid  tempest  en- 
dured still;  and  at  afternoon,  that  day,  the  wind  began  to  come" 
laf^ge;  but  it  blew  so  much^  and  the  coasts  were  so  jeopardous  of 
sands  and  rocks,  that  the  same  night  the  marinera  durst  not  jeo- 
paid  to  take  the  sea^  bat  lay  still  at  anchor  about  the  said  isle. 


EAHL  MOUNT-EDGCUMBe.  SIS- 

Toesdaji  in  the  mcfmmgy  the  fifth  day  of  August^  the  said  Sir 
Richard  made  sa\\,  and  sailed  a  kenDiDg,  and  more,  ioto  the  sea;. 
and  the  wind  began  to  come  so  contrarioos^  and  so  many  great 
damages  were  on  every  side^  that  he  was  fain  to  go  again  to  the 
said  isle  of  Lambrye.  And  that  day,  at  afternoon,  the  wind  be- 
gan: to  come  large,  and  incontinent ;  the  said  Sir  Richard  caused 
•ail  to  be  made,  and  all  that  afternoon  sailed  on  his  way;  and  at 
night  the  wind  calmed,  and  came  again  contrarioos,  and  therefore 
came  to  an  anchor  in  the  open  sea,  and  there  lay  all  night. 

WedneiAay>  the  sixth  day  of  August^  tfae^wind  being  contra- 
jious,  the  said  Sir  Richard  caused  the  master,  and  mariners,  to 
traverse  in  the  sea  homeward ;  and  with  great  pain  that  day  came 
against  a  rock,  called  Tuskard,  and  there  lay  at  anchor  all  that 
night  in  the  open  sea;  and  the  wind  blew  right  sore,  and  was 
right  troublesome  weather. 

Thursday,  the  seventh  of  August,  the  wind  came  reasonably 
large,  and  that  day  the  said  Sir  Richard  sailed,  till  he  came  open 
upon  Seynt  Yves  in  Gornwatl;  and  because  the  wind  fell,  the 
master,  end  mariners,  durst  not  venture  to  pass  by  the  great  seaj, 
and  perilous  jeopardies,  at  the  Land's  End.  And  therefore  all  the 
night  they  travereed  in  the*  sea;  and  that  night  many  sudden 
•bowecB  and  winds  Mh 

Friday,  the  eighth  day  of  August,  the  wind  and  the  sea  being 
tfoubknis,  the  said  Sir  Richard  and  his  ships  came  into  the  ha- 
yen  jo£  Fowey,  and  there  he  landed,  and  went  a  pilgrimage  to  a. 
a  chapel  of  Seynt  Savyosr;    and' that  night  all  his  company' 
landed. 

The  title  of  the  manuscript  CHtus;  b.  11,  in  the  Cotton  Li^ 
bcary),  from  whence  this  was  taken,  is^  *  Original  Letters  and 
Bapiers  concerning  Ireland,  until  the  end  of  Edward  VL  and' 
Queen  Mary.'  Sir  Richard  Edgecumb  is  styled  Privy-counsel* 
lor^  and  Comptroller  of  the  household,  to  the  King.  Iivthe  same 
mootiscript  a  farther  account  is  given  of  the  names  of  those  in 
Irekmd  who  took  the  oath ;  the  recognisances  of  the  Lords  spiri« 
tnal  and  tempofal;  the- certificates;  th&  oath  of  fidelity  and  alle- 
giance; the  oatii  devised  by  the  Lord  Chancellor  for  the  Earl  of 
]yid^«e;  the  homage' they  performed;  the  Lorda of  Ireland  cer- 
tificates to  the  King  on  their  taking  to  oaths,  and  doing  allegiance 
and  homage;  thfe  recognizance,  in  a  large  penalty^  to  observe 
thdr  oath  of  fealty  and  allegiance;  the  bond  and  condition ;  the 
condition  for  the-towns  corpo^e;  the  bond  Nisi  ^^aAd^be  oatk 


Sl6  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

tbat  at  last-  the  Earl  of  Kildare,  and  the  other  Lordi  spiritnal  Mod 
temporal,  took. 

Aod  80  parsimonious  was  the  King*  that  '  Sir  Richard  Edge» 
comb  had  only  3001.  sterling  allowed  him  for  his  ootts  and  ex- 
penses into  and  from  the  said  kingdom. 

On  November  I6th,  1488^  4  Henry  VII.  at  a  chapter  held  io 
the  palace  of  Westminster^  be '  was  in  nomination  for  a  Knight 
of  the  most  noble  order  of  the  Garter,  and  had  the  snfirages  of  the 
Duke  of  Bedford^  the  Lord  Chamberlain*  the  Lord  Dawbeoy* 
and  the  Lord  Oenham;  but  Sir  John  Savage  was  chosen.  The 
same  year  he  was*  by  commission  bearing  date  ^December  1 1th* 
4th  Henry  VII.  in  consideration  of  his  loyalty*  industry*  fore- 
aigbt,  and  care,  appointed*  with  Henry  Aynswortb*  LL.D.  secon- 
dary in  the  office  of  privy  seal*  to  treat  with  Anne*  Duchess  of 
Britanny*  about  a  truce*  cessation  of  anxis*  alliance*  and  trade. 
Also*  on  December  23d  following,  the  King  reciting,  that  by  ad- 
vice of  his  council*  he  was  sending  an  army  into  Britanny  for  its 
relief*  he  therefore,  in  full  confidence  of  Sir  Ricbard*s  loyalty  and 
care*"  was  commanded*  with  Edward*  Earl  of  Devonshire*  Lord 
Willoughby  of  Broke,  and  Thomas  Granvile*  Esq.  to  summoo 
)Bnd  examine  what  number  of  archers*  arnoed  and  arrayed  at  the 
King's  expence,  the  county  of  Cornwall  could  provide  $  and  to 
article  with  them  for  the  service*  and  to  review  them,  and  to 
commit  to  wriling  the  names  of  the  said  noblemen*  knights*  and 
others*  and  the  number  of  the  archers  they  are  to  find*  and  to 
certify  the  King  thereof  before  the  Quindeoes  of  Hilary  nr-xt. 

It  is  certain  that  he  went  over  into  Britanny,  and  before  his 
▼oyage  made  his  last  will  and  testament*  which  bears  date'  at 
Penryn*  the  Friday  before  St.  John  Baptist's  day*  in  the  fourth 
year  of  King  Henry  the  Seventh  j  tbc  preamble  whereof  I  shall 
recite  literatim :  '  First*  I  bequeath  my  sowle  to  allmighty  God* 
beseeching  the  blessedful  Virgin  Mary*  his  moder*  to  be  a  meane 
unto  his  moost  benygn  grace,  to  shew  his  raoest  petyfall  grace 
and  mercy  to  my  sowle.  And  myn  in  espedall  good  maister^ 
Seint  Thomas  of  Caunterbury*  to  be  a  rememberer*  unto  hir  for 
the  same.*  He  bequeaths  to  his  cousin  Bowley's  daughter  and 
heir*  in  his  keeping*  an  hundred  marks  to  her  marriage*  in  re-» 

r  Anstii's  Regist.  of  the  Order  of  the  Garter*  Vol.  I.  p.  364. 
•  Ibid.  Vol.  n.  p.  231*  233.  t  Rymer^s  Foedera*  Vol.  XII.  p.  348^ 

«  Ibid.  p.  35^,  356,  357. 
^  Et  Regkt.  vocat*  Doggetf  fol.  8it  ia  Cur.  Prsiog,  Cantoar, 


EARL  MOUNT-EDGCUMBEi  Sif. 

-oompenoe  of  what  be  had  of  her  Other's;  and  fortj  marks  to  bia 
sister,  Elizabeth  Tremayne;  to  every  of  his  boa^hold  servants^ 
Ibrty  sbiHiDg^  $  aod  enjoins  that  a  priest  be  found  to  pray  for  hicn 
for  the  space  of  five  years,  in  the  church  of  Calstock. 

The  residue  of  his  goods,  chattels,  Sec.  he  bequeaths  to  Joad 
his  wife^  Sir  Reynold  Bray,  Roger  Holland,  and  Fulk  Prideaux, 
Esqrs.  for  his  children )  at  the  will  and  pleasure  of  his  said  wife, 
by  the  oversight  of  the  Bishop  of  Exeter,  and  John  Arundel,  Deaa 
of  Exeter. 

The  probate  of  his  will  bears  date  April  29(b,  1492,  the  se- 
•  venth  of  King  Henry  VII.  but  be  died^  on  September  8th,  1499^ 
in  Bcitanny. 

Stow  recites^  that  Sir  Richard  Edgecumb  *  was  also  sent,  with 
John,  Abbot  of  Abington,  and  Christopher  Urswick,  to  Charlea 
VIII.  King  of  France,  to  offer  King  Henry's  mediation  to  com- 
pose the  difierences  between  Francis  IL  Duke  of  Britanny,  and 
that  monarch.  They  went  first  to  the  French  King,  and  after  to 
theDoke  of  Britaony$  in  which  service  Sir  Richard  Edgecumb 
departed  this  life  at  Morlaix,  in  that  province. 

It  appears  from  writings  in  the  custody  of  the  present  Earl  at 
Aiount*Edgcumbe,  that  John,  the  Provost-prior  of  the  Friers- 
preachers  of  Morlaix,  in  Britanny,  and  the  convent  there,  agreed 
with  Joan^  late  the  wife  of  Sir  Richard  Edgecomb,  and  Roger  Hol- 
landj  Esq.  his  executors,  for  his  burial  in  the  church  of  the  convent 
of  the  said  FrierVpreachers^  before  the  high  altar^  in  an  honourable 
manner.  Accordingly  a  monument  is  erected  there  to  his  me- 
mory, ander  the  high  altar^  shewing  a  man  in  armour,  kneeling 
npoD  a  tomb,  praying  at  a  desk.  And  before  him  stands  a  Prior^ 
in  his  proper  habit,  holding  in  his  left  hand  his  staff,  and  the  two 
lore  fingers  of  hit  right  hand  held  up,  as  rebuking  the  said  Sir 
Richard*  At  the  foot  of  the  pedestal,  or  bracket^  on  which  he 
atands*  are  the  arms  and  crest  of  Edgecomb,  viz.  On  a  bend,  he* 
ttiften  two  ootHses,  thre^  boars  heads  couped:  Crest,  on  a  hei^ 
met,  aioar's  head  amped:  On  a  label,  between  the  figures  of  a 
Koigbt  aod  the  Prior,  i»  this  inscription^  ^  Tho,  wa  pro  me  Ri^ 
Jkardo.'  Behtod  the  figure  of  the  Knight^  and  the  aforesaid 
arma  of  Edgecomb,  impaling,  a  eheveron  between  three  es* 
udhps ',  fuid  under  the  said  arms^  00  a  scroll,  is  this  inscrip- 
tion: 

7  lotcri^t.  tumuli  apud  MorUiz. 
s  Annals,  p.  474. 


919  PtiEBAGE  OP  tlNGLAND* 

Mciaoriae  Richaitli  Eggopumb,  mUitis^  quondatt 
co&trarotulatoris  honorabilis  bosptdj  iUastrisiimi 
Frincipis  Henrid  Sepiimi,  Regis  Angliae,  cajut  oor» 
pus  restat  humatuo  hie,  conm)  alter!  auleotkiQo, 
qui  obijt  octavo  die  Koeosia  Septembm,  anno  Doooini 
mill""'*  CCCC"»'»  iiij"  noBO. 

On  the  toQ^b  is  a  cro66>  and  round  it  this  in8crtptioti»  beginotng 
at  the  head : 

Ante  hujus  ecclesie  sacratiasime  autentici  altaris  me- 
dium constat  humaturo  corpus  Richardi  Eggecumbi 
roiiitis,  potentis  ac  honorabilis  hoapitit  illostzissimi 
Principis  Henricij  B^gis  Auglie,  contrarotulatofiay 
qui  anno  Domini  miUesimo  CCCCiiij'*  nono,  et 
mensis  9eptembris  die  vitiS  fide  pleoa  ab  hac  looe 
migravit. 

He  bad  to  wife  *  Joan,  daughter  of  Thomas  Tremayne,  of  CoU 
lacomb,  Esq.  by  whom  he  left  issue  Peirs  (or  Peter)  Edgecomb, 
bis  son  and  hdri  and  three  daughters;  Margaret,  married  to  Sir 
William  Coortenaj,  of  Powderham-^aatle^  in  Devonshire,  Knt« 
ancestor  to  the  present  Viscount  Courtenay ;  Agnes,  wi£B  of  Wil- 
liam Trevanion,  of  the  county  of  Cornwall,  Esq.;  and  Elizabeth* 
to  Weyixiond  Raleigh,  of  Baleigb,  in  the  same  county,  Esq. 

Which  PiBHs  Edgoomb  was  ^made  one  of  the  twenty  KoigtHs 
of  the  Balh,  at  the  creation  of  Prince  Arthur,  on  the  eve  of  9L 
Andrew,  5  Henry  VII.    He^  was  Sheriff  of  Devonafaire,  ia  9)* 
J.0,  and  13  of  Henry  VII.    And  in  2  Henqr  VIII.  thw  Sir  Piers 
Edgecomb,  with  Robert  WilloQghby  de  Broke,  Knt.  J«bn  Atoih 
del,  Knt.  and  Richard  Carew,  Knt.  tfaey,^  or  any  three  of  than/ 
were  impowered  to  array  and  review  all  men  at  arms,  avcben» 
and  others,  who  were  to  accompany  Sir  Thomas  Darey,  Kntv 
Captain  of  the  castle  of  Berwick,  ki  his  expedition  againat  lh» 
Moprs  and  other  ix^dela;  and  to  certify  to  the  King,  and  bia 
council,  the  number  of  men  at  arms,  acchecs*  and  others.    In  M^ 
Henr)' VIIL  he  was  in  tha^xpcdiiion  against  Fraaoe,*  andwav^ 
ibait  made  a  Knight  Banneret>  for  his  galknt  bofaevioiir  at  thf 


•  Ex  Stemmate  penes  Rich.  Don.  Edgcumbe. 

*  MS.  CUudiui,  c.  ^  p.  34,  in  Bibl.  Cotton. 

^Fallar  Id  cooi.  Devon.  *  R)mer,  Vol*  XUI.  p.  2^. 

•  MS.  in  BiW.  Cot.  Claadivs,  c  3^  p.  8t. 


EARL  MOUNT-EDGCUMBE.  310 

yieges  of  Tberouene  and  TQurnajr,  aad  the  battle  that  ensued, 
called  by  our  historians,  *  The  battle  of  the  Spurs^'  from  the 
swiftness  of  the  French  in  running  awflf* 

He  married,  first,  Jane,  daughter  and  heir  of  Stephen  Dum- 
ford>  of  £ast-Stonehouse,  in  com.  Devon^  Esq.  and  of  his  wife^ 
— — ,  daughter  and  hdir  of  — —  Rame,  of^  Rame,  Esq.  and, 
secondly,  Catberind,  daughter  of  Sir  John  St.  John,  of  Bletshoe, 
Knight  of  the  Bath,  and  widow  of  Sir  GrifBth  Ryce,  Knt.  but  by 
her  left  no  issue  ^  as  is  evident  from  her  will,^  which  bears  date 
at  Cathele  (or  Cuttail),  in  the  county  of  Cornwall,  on  December 
4th,  15^3,  1  Queen  Mary.  She  orders  her  executors  to  distribute 
several  sums,  therein  mentioned>  to  the  poor  of  the  parishes  of 
Calstoke,  Tavistock,  Launceston,  St.  Mary  Magdalen,  St.  Domi- 
nick,  and  several  other  parishes.  She  bequeaths  to  her  daughter, 
Mary  Luterd,  all  her  household  goods  that  she  hath  of  hers  at 
Dunster,  in  the  county  of  Somerset,  which  some  time  was  Sir 
GrifiSth  Ryce's,  her  husband  5  and  also  bequeaths  to  her  chaplainSi 
and  servants,  each  a  black  gown,  and  their  whole  year's  wages. 
The  residue  of  her  goods,  chattels,  &c.  her  tin  works  in  Cora- 
wall,  &c.  after  her  funeral  is  defrayed,  and  her  legacies  paid,  she 
bequeaths  to  her  executors^  her  trusty  and  loving  brother,  Sif' 
John  St.  John,  Knt.  and  her  trusty  nephew,  Sir  Thomas  Strad- 
liog,  Knt.;  and  if  they  be  sued,  or  molested,  concerning  her  will, 
or  for  any  matter  or  cause  concerning  her  late  husbands.  Sir 
Griffith  Ryce,  or  Sir  Piers  fidgecomb,  Knts,  or  either  of  them> 
they  repay  themselves.  The  probate  bears  date  December  i2tb, 
1^43»  which  shews  she  died  in  the  same  month  and  year  ^e 
ipade  her  will. 

Sir  Piers  Edgecomb,  with  Jane  his  first  wife,  before-mentioned, 
bad  the  town  of  £ast-Stonehouse,  and  the  village  of  West-Stone- 
l)00sc,  10  Devopsbire,  on  the  other  side  the  river  Tamer,s  which 
was  the  dwelling  of  Joel  de  Stoneliouse,  in  27  Henry  III.  The 
said  Sir  Piers  l^ad  i^sue  by  her  three  sons,  Righard,  John,  and^ 
J^mes,  who  are  mentioned  in  his  will  5  also  three  daughters  j  Eli- 
^beth^  wife  of  John  Arundel,  of  Lanhern,  in  com.  Comub.  Esq. 
Jane^  the  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Potneroy,  of  Sandridge,  in  Devon- 
shire, KnC  and  Agnes,  who  was  unmarried  when  her  father  made 
his  will,  who  therein  gave  her  a  legacy  of  3001.  Which  will, 
bcdng  remnrkable,  I  shall  give  an  extract  of  it.^ 

^   '  El  Regltt.  Tatfa.  num.  36.  ^a.  at. 

'  S  Sir  WUtiun  Pok't  Dcscript.  of  Devon,  in  East-Stonehoose,  MS. 

ft  £jL  Rctist.  Diogle/y  nttoi,  37.  q««  33*  lA  Prxr«Kt  Cant, 


320  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

It  bears  date  March  3d,  1530^  21  Henry  VIII.  wherein  he 
orders  his  body  to  be  buried,  where  it  shall  please  God  to  dispose 
of  it.  He  bequeaths  to  the  parish  church  of  Plymouth,  3 1.  pray- 
ing the  curate  thereof  to  pray  for  his  soul;  and  in  like  manner, 
31.  to  each  of  the  churches  of  Calstocke,  and  of  Bodmin;  and  to 
every  chaplain  present  at  his  exequies,  and  there  doing  service  for 
his  soul,  at  the  time  of  his  obiit  and  burial,  12d»  He  enjoins  his 
executors  to  cause,  incontinently  after  his  decease,  a  trental  of 
masses  to  be  said  for  his  soul,  in  such  convenient  place  and  time, 
as  to  them  shall  be  thought  most  expedient;  and  that  they  pro- 
vide an  honest  priest  to  sing  mass  daily  for  his  soul,  in  the  parish 
chnrch  of  Mewye,  in  the  county  of  Devon^  for  the  space  of  five 
years,  to  whom  he  bequeaths,  for  his  salary  and  wages,  50  marks. 
He  likewise  wills,  that  another  honest  priest  sing  for  his  soul  in 
the  parish  church  of  Calstock,  in  the  county  of  Cornwall,  for  the 
space  of  five  years,  with  like  salary  and  wages.  He  fiirther  orders 
his  executors  to  distribute  lOl.  in  penny  dole  to  poor  folks;  and 
cause  an  obite,  or  anniversary,  yearly  to  be  holden  for  his  soul,  in 
the  parish  church  of  Plymouth,  during  ten  years  after  his  decease, 
expending  on  every  such  obite  20s. 

He  bequeaths  to  every  of  his  household  servants  a  year*s  wages. 
And  whereas  Sir  John  Arundel,  and  Sir  William  Courtnay,  Knts, 
were  infeofFcd,  by  the  name  of  Esquires,  with  Andrew  Hillers- 
don,  John  Wise,  Thomas  Tremayne,  Esqrs.  and  Stephen  Trevyl- 
lian,  to  the  use  of  him,  and  the  performance  of  his  last  will,  and 
of  his  heirs,  in  the  honour  and  borough  of  Totness,  and  in  the 
manor  of  Corneworth,  in  Devonshire,  dated  May  3d,  12  Henry 
VIII.:  also,  whereas  he  had  infeofied  Andrew  Hillersdon,  John 
Wise,  Thomas  Tremayne,  Esqrs.  George  Tanner,  and  Stephen 
Trevyllian^  in  the  manors  of  Bodrugan,  and  Wotber,  in  Com-* 
wall,  April  24th,  12  Henry  VIII.  for  the  performance  of  hli 
will,  he  now  bequeaths  to  them  the  tin  works  in  the  said  manors, 
in  the  counties  of  Devon  and  Cornwall,  as  also  all  his  plate,  &c. 
for  the  performance  of  his  said  will,  and  for  the  payment  of  his 
debts.  And  after  his  will  and  testament  is  fully  performed,  his 
debts  truly  paid,  and  restitution  made  of  wrongs  by  him  dene,  or* 
by  his  commandment,  if  any  such  be,  and  can  be  prored;  then 
he  wills,  that  his  said  feoffees  shall  release  all  their  right  and  title 
to  the  heirs  male  of  his  body,  and  that  his  tin  works  in  Devon- ' 
shire,  shall  wholly  remain  to  his  son  John,  and  the  heirs  of  his 
body;  and  his  tin  works  in  the  county  of  Cornwall,  to  his  son 
iame^  and  the  heirs  of  his  body. 


EARL  MOUNT-EDGCUMBE.  321 

■ 

fie  bequeaths  to  Dame  Catherine  his  wife,  for  her  own  use  and 
behoof,  all  that  plate  in  her  keepings  which  was  Sir  Griffith 
Rice's^  her  late  husband,  with  all  her  other  apparel,  and  stuff  of 
household,  left  her  by  him*  And  in  case  his  son  and  heir  do- 
trouble,  or  take  from  her  any  parcel  of  lands  he  has  given  her  in 
jointure,  or  attempt  to  procure  to  be  done  any  thing  to  the  least 
breach,  or  accomplishment  of  this  his  will,  or  any  part  thereof; 
or  disallow  any  grants,  passed  by  him,  either  of  Dame  Jane  his 
mother's  inheritance,  or  of  his  own  by  indentures,  copies,  &c« 
for  which,  upon  their  oatbB,  they  may  prove  I  have  made  grants, 
and  am  paid  fines  j  and  in  case  it  may,  by  any  manner  of  due 
proof,  appear  that  he  had  taken  fines  of  any  of  his  tenants  of  bis 
own  inheritance,  or  of  the  inheritance  of  Dame  Jane,  sometime 
bis  wife,  and  the  parties  have  no  other  writing,  according  to  hi^ 
promise,  he  wills  and  requires  his  son  and  heir,  for  that  time 
being,  to  make  them  grants  according  to  his  promise,  as  his  said 
heir  will  answer  to  God,  to  both  l^ir  discharges.  And  for  this 
he  requires  him  on  his  blessing,  and  for  the  contrary  at  iiis  peril, 
and  never  to  have  any  part  of  his  goods.  All  this,  he  says,  hia 
son^  Richard,  had  bound  himself,  by  his  writing  and  seal  of  arm| 
in  his  lifetime,  to  do  and  perform.  He  thus  proceeds:  also  I  will, 
that  my  daughter,  Ann  Edgecomb,  have  3001.  towards  her  liv- 
ing, and  marriage j  and. the  residue  of  ail  my  goods,  moveable, 
&c.  after  my  debts  paid,  my  burial  done,  and  this  my  testament, 
and  last  will  entirely  fulfilled,  I  give  to  Dame  Catharine  my  wife, 
during  her  natural  life,  and,  after  her  decease,  to  Richard  Edge- 
comb,  my  son  and  heir,  or  any  other  being  my  heir,  if  God  call 
him  to  his  mercy  from  this  world:  so  as  the  said  Richard,  or 
other,  being  my  heir,  be  conformable  to  every  article  of  my  will, 
as  far  as  in  him  may  lie,  &c.  And  I  make  and  ordain  my  exe- 
cutors. Dame  Catharine  my  wife,  and  Richard  Edgecomb,  my 
8on.  The  probate  bears  date  September  15tb,  1539,  and  the  '  in- 
quisition taken  after  his  death,  shews  that  he  died  on  August 
14(h,  31st  Henry  Vill.  leaving  Richard,  his  son  and  heir,  forty 
years  of  age. 

Which  Richard  Edgecomb''  was  knighted  at  the  creation  of 
Edward  Seymour,  Earl  of  Hertford,  on  October  18th,  1537,  29 
Henry  Ylll.    He  was  Sheriff  of  Devonshire  in  35  Henry  VIIL* 

*  Escaet.  3 1  Henry  VIII. 

^  MS.  tub  efiig.  Claudius,  c.  3.  p.  1319  in  Bib].  Cotton. 

'  Fuller*!  Worthies  in  Devon. 

▼OL.  T.  X 


322  PEERxVGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

and  in  the  first  year  of  Queen  Mary,  he  built  that  stately  home, 
at  East-Stonchoase,  called  from  him  Mount-Edgecorobj  the  most 
beautifnl  seat  in  those  parts,  as  Mr.  Carew  has  observed,™  who 
gives  this  account  of  it.  '  Upon  the  South  shore,  somewhat 
within  the  land,  standeth  Moont-Edgecomb,  a  house  builded  and 
named  by  Sir  Richard  Edgecomb.  It  is  built  square,  with  a  round 
turret  at  each  end,  garreted  on  the  top ;  and  the  hall  rising  in 
the  midst,  above  the  rest,  yieldeth  a  stately  sound  as  you  enter  it* 
The  parlour  and  dining-room  give  you  large  and  diversified  prot* 
pect  of  land  3  and  overlooks  St.  Nicholas  island  (lying  in  the 
mouth  of  the  harbour),  the  royal  citadel,  Pl3m3outh  town.  Stone- 
house,  Milbrook,  and  Saltash.  It  is  supplied  with  a  never-failing 
spring  of  water,  stored  with  timber,  wood,  fruit,  deer,  and  conies* 
A  little  below  the  house,  in  the  summer  evenings,  sail-boats  come 
and  draw  their  nets  for  fish.  Both  sides  of  the  aforementioned 
narrow  entrance,  with  the  passage  between  the  whole  town  of 
Stonehouse,  and  a  great  circuit  of  the  land  adjoining,  appertain  to 
this  inheritance.  The  sides  are  fenced  with  blockhouses,  and 
that  next  to  Mount-Edgecomb  was  formerly  planted  with  ord- 
nance, which  at  coming  and  parting,  greeted  such  guests  as  vi- 
sited the  house.  This  curious  and  noble  mansion '^  so  affected 
the  Duke  of  Medina  Sidonia,  Admiral  of  the  Spanish  Armada  in 
1588  (though  beholding  it  at  a  distance  of  the  sea),  as  to  reserve 
it  for  his  own  possession,  in  the  partage  of  this  kingdom^  which, 
in  hopes  and  expectation,  they  had  already  conquered.  This 
stately  house  is  within  the  compass  of  the  county  of  Devon;  as 
is  all  (hat  tract,  anciently  called  West-Stonehouse,  although  it 
be  in  the  parish  of  Maker,  which  lieth  in  the  county  of  Com* 
wall/ 

Richard  Carew,  Esq.  who  wrote  the  Survey  of  Cornwall,  was 
the  son  of  Thomas  Carew,  of  Anthony,  in  that  county,  Esq.  by 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  this  Sir  Richard  Edgcomb;  and  from  his 
knowledge  of  him,  has  left  his  character  in  manuscript,  indtuled> 
•♦'  A  Friendly  Remembrance  of  Sir  Richard  Edgcomb." 

'  Among  many  his  virtues  (saith  he),  I  will  rehearse  only  tbese^ 
namely,  his  knowledge,  courtesy,  and  liberality. 

'  His  knowledge  consisted  in  learning  and  wisdom.  Touching 
his  religion,  his  upright  dealing  bears  witness,  "  That  he  had  the 
fruits  of  a  good  conscience/'    Besides,  in  his  lifetime  he  kept  a 


n*  Survey  of  Cornwall,  p.  96,  100. 
"  Fuller^s  Worthies  in  Cornwall,  p.  166. 


EARL  MOUNT-EDGCUMBE.  323 

chaplain  in  bis  house,  who  daily  and  dulj  said  service  |  and,  at 
bis  death,  he  had  the  grace  to  call  upon  God. 

'  His  learning  in  the  arts  he  attained  by  his  study  io  the  Uni- 
versity of  Oxford,  where  he  spent  some  part  of  his  youth;  not 
idly,  nor  only  whilst  he  bated  his  horse  (as  the  scholary  minister 
answered  the  bishop's  ordinary),  but  both  orderly  and  profitably | 
for  he  could  tell  what  any  man*s  errand  was  that  came  to  him« 
And  in  inditing  of  letters  was  so  skilful,  that  being  on  a  time  at 
the  quarter  sessions,  where  was  some  difFerenoe  about  the  form  of 
one  to  be  sent  up  to  the  Lords  of  the  Council,  he  stepped  down 
from  the  bench,  and  at  a  sudden  penned  it  so  well,  and  to  all 
their  likings,  as,  without  farther  amendment,  they  allowed,  and 
sent  it  forth.  Yea,  the  Lord  Cromwell,  in  this  point,  gave  him 
especial  commendations.  He  had  also  a  very  good  grace  in 
nnraking  English  verses,  such  as  in  those  days  passed  for  current; 
which  flowing  easily  from  his  pen,  did  much  delight  his  readers. 
The  sharpness  of  his  wit  was  also  seen  in  his  apophthegms;  of 
which,  though  I  heard  many,  I  only  remember  two;  the  one, 
"  That  logratus  was  Latin  for  a  priest"  (understand  him,  reader, 
of  them  of  those  times) ;  and  the  other,  "  That  where  the  good 
man  did  beat  his  wife,  there  Cupid  would  shake  his  wings,  and 
^y  out  of  doors." 

*  For  his  wisdom,  I  will  only  give  a  taste  or  essay  thereof,  that 
by  some  parts  the  whole  may  be  guessed :  for  he  that  would  take 
apon  him  to  discourse  of  every  point,  must  needs  be  a  wise  man 
bimself.  He  used,  what  occasion  soever  he  had  of  expences,  to 
keep  always  one  hundred  pounds  in  his  chests  untouched  [a  good 
sum  in  those  days],  and  yet  he  would  never  be  long  indebted  to 
any  man,  neither  break  promise  of  payment.  He  was  also  veiy 
careful  to  have  provision  made  beforehand,  of  all  things  belonging 
to  the  household,  for  two  years  at  least;  and  would  vety  willingly 
bestow  his  money  that  way,  whensoever  any  good  pennyworths 
were  to  be  had,  though  he  did  not  presently  need  it.  Besides,  he 
was  so  careful  for  his  posterity,  as  at  his  death,  he  left  4001.  of 
old  gold  in  his  chest,  for  the  suing  of  his  son*s  livery. 

'  It  was  moreover  noted  in  him,  that  whatsoever  he  did,  he 
would  be  always  girt  with  a  sword,  at  least  with  a  hanger.  His 
reason  thereof  was,  as  I  have  heard,  that  some  part  of  his  oath  of 
knighthood  did^  bind  him  thereunto.  Another  point  of  his  wis- 
dom was,  that  he  continually  maintained  one  in  London  to  be  a 
solicitor  of  his  causes;  and  to  send  him  advertisement,  with  the 
soonest;,  of  all  occurrences  from  the  court,  and  dbewherc^i  wherein 


324  FEERA.GE  OF  ENGLAND. 

if  orders  were  given  him  of  any  bosiness,  concemiog  the  seri'ice 
of  his  Prince  or  country^  or  that  bis  help  were  craved  in  behalf 
of  his  friend,  he  would  not  slack  any  time,  nor  overslip  any  fit 
occasion  for  dispatch  thereof.  For  his  friend,  he  would  deal  as 
advisedly^  and  follow  it  as  effectually,  as  if  the  matter  ^ere  his 
own.  In  his  Princess's  service,  he  was  ready  with  the  foremost  to 
execute  her  commandments;  and  prepared  with  the  soonest,  to 
retuni  answer.  And  whensoever  he  was  to  meet  at  any  place,  for 
his  country *s  affairs^  he  would  always  come  with  the  first,  and 
part  with  the  last,  saying,  ''  It  were  better  that  one  man  should 
tarry  for  many,  than  many  for  one.*' 

*  He  was  in  speech  very  fair,  and  in  council  very  secret;  and 
yet  was  not  his  secretness  towards  his  friends  so  close,  but  that 
lie  would  lovingly  impart  to  them  whatsoever  was  convenient , 
nor  his  silence  in  speech  so  great,  but  that  he  could  entertiin 
every  one  with  courteous  words,  according  to  their  calling;  using 
to  his  betters  reverence;  to  his  equals  kindness;  and  to  the  meaner 
Bort^  affability :  and  as  he  was  naturally  given  to  believe  the  best 
of  every  one,  so  could  he  scarce  be  drawn  to  mislike  any,  of 
whom  he  had  once  been  well  persuaded. 

.  *  Yea,  even  to  such  as  were  his  enemies,  being  in  distress,  he 
rather  lent  a  hand  to  take  them  up,  than  a  foot  to  tread  them 
down,  as  by  this  story  following  may  plainly  appear.  There  was 
a  Knight  (Trevanion),  dwelling  in  the  same  shire,  with  whom, 
for  divers  causes  in  King  Edward's  days,  he  had  sundry  quarrels; 
which,  as  at  first  they  bred  inward  mislikiug  between  them,  so 
at  last  they  brake  forth  into  open  hatred.  This  Knight,  in  the 
troublesome  change  in  Queen  Mary's  reign,  partly  for  religion,, 
and  partly  for  other  causes,  was  clapped  into  prison;  and  though 
the  matters  discovered  against  him  were  heinous,  and  his  enemies 
(at  that  time  bearing  great  sway),  very  grievous,  yet  he  obtained 
so  much  favour,  as  to  be  tried  by  certificate,  from  the  gentlemen 
of  the  cbtefest  authority  in  his  country,  for  his  behaviour  therein^ 
.According  to  whose  report  of  the  council,  he  was  either  to  be  de- 
livered, or  more  strictly  to  be  dealt  with«  This  granted,  he  con- 
ceived very  good  hope  of  every  other's  friendly  advertisement ; 
and  feared  only  the  hard  favour  oS  our  Sir  Richard  Edgecomb, 
who  be  doubted  would  use  the  sword  of  revenge  (then  put  in  his 
hand),  to  his  enemy's  destruction.  It  happened,  that  upon  retuni 
of  their  answer  he  was  delivered;  and  being  at  liberty,  to  the 
end  he  might  know  how  his  countrymen's  minds  were  affected 
.towards  hiiUj  he,  by  mcans«  procured  a  copy  of  all  these  adver« 


EARL  MOUNT-EDGCUMBE.  323 

tisive  letters;  in  perusing  of  .which,  he  found  that  such  as  bore , 
birn  fairest  countenance!,  wrote  most  agamst  him ;  and  that  Sir 
Hicbard  Edgecomb's  certified  to  made  most  for  bim :  so  as  in  all 
likelihood,  his  greatest  enemy,  in  shew^  was  the  chieftest  cause  of 
his  deliverance  in  deed. 

'  I  would  stay  here,  in  praise  of  his  noble  mind,  .who  shewed 
his  valour,  in  conquering  his  own  affections;  his  virtue^  in  ab- 
staining from  revenge,  being  offered;  and  his  Christianity,  in 
doing  good  for  evil ;  but  that  I  am  carried  forth  with  no  less 
wonder  at  this  Knight*s  thankfulness;  who  pretending,  as  though 
he  wist  not  of  his  courtesy,  to  the  outward  shew,  continued  his 
wonted  enmity  until  the  next  Christmas  after.  At  which  time« 
on  a  night,  word  was  brought  to  Mount-£dgcomb,  that  a  com« 
pany  of  armed  men  were  lately  landed  from  Plymouth^  marghing 
up  to  the  house.  Sir  Richard  having  heard  before^  that  this 
Knight  was  in  that  town,  and  mistrusting  he  had  picked  out  tliis 
time  to  come  end  set  upon  him  unawares,  resolved  to  shew  him- 
self neither  discourteous  to  them  he  knew  not,  through  fear;  nor 
yet  to  lie  open  to  his  enemies,  if  they  pretended  any  such  prac- 
tice, through  heedlessness;  he  therefore  caused  his  gates  to  be  set 
wide  open,  and  placed  his  servants  on  both  sides  the  gate,  and 
hall,  where  they  most  pass,  with  swords  and  bucklers;  but  they 
coming  in,  turned  this  doubt  into  pastime,  for  their  armour  and 
weapons  were  only  painted  paper^  9s  by  nearer  approaching  was 
perceived;  and  instead  of  trying  their  force,  with  blows  in  fight- 
ing with  men>  they  fell  to  make  proof  of  the  ladles  skill  in  dan- 
eing. 

'  These  pastia)es  at  last  being  ended,  they  were  led  into  ano- 
ther room  to  be  bauijuetted;  where  tins  Knight  taking  off  h^s 
vizard,  and  disclosing  himself  to'Sir  Richard  Edgecomb,  uttered, 
"  That  having  the  great  courtesy  shewn  bim  in  his  trouble,  be- 
sides his  looking,  and  contraiy  to  his  deserving^  he  was  come 
thither  to  yield  him  his  most  due  thanks  for  the  same;  assuring 
bim,  that  he  would  from  thenceforth  rest  as  faithfully  his  friend, 
as  ever  before  he  had  shewed  himself  a  professed  enemy/*  In 
witness  of  which  his  true  meaning,  and  to  strengthen  the  friend- 
ship, so  newly  begun  in  good  will,  into  a  fast  knot  of  alliance,  he 
there  presented  him  a  young  gentleman,  his  nephew,  a  ward,  and 
the  heir  of  his  house  (who  being  of  fair  possessions,  came  amongst 
the  other  company,  masked  in  a  nymph's  attire),  to  match  with 
one  of  his  daughters ;  which  iparriage  afterwards  came  to  pass. 
And  here  I  should  also  run  out  into  commendation  of  this  rare 


326  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

thankfulness,  save  that  this  Knight*8  many  other  thews  of  his 
right  noble inind  are  so  well  koown^  that  they  need  not:  and  so 
great,  that  they  be  praised  enough.  I  will  therefore  let  them  pass, 
and  shut  up  this  part  of  Sir  Richard's  courtesy,  when  I  have  spo* 
ken  a  word  or  two  of  his  soft  nature  ^  the  rather^  because  I  have 
heard  some  discommend  this  his  mildness,  who  were  themsdvea 
sooner  to  be  pitied  for  their  ignorance,  than  to  be  answered  for 
any  weight  of  their  frivolous  reasons. 

'  His  liberality  rested  chiefly  in  housekeeping,  and  gif^s.  What 
provision  he  made  for  housekeeping  is  before  shewed;  which  be- 
ing  carefully  procured,  was  both  orderly  and  bountifully  spent: 
and  as  he  wanted  not  store  of  meat^  so  had  he  a  Efficient  corn* 
pany  of  servants  to  attend  him  at  his  table;  the  most  part  gen« 
tlemen  by  birth,  and  all  of  them  both  trained  in  service,  and 
courteous  to  such  strangers  as  haunted  the  house;  who,  when 
they  came,  found  themselves  so  well  entertained,  that  this  good 
Knight  was  seldom  or  never  unvisited.  Yea,  if  he  understood  of 
any  strangers  come  into  the  country,  of  any  calling,  either  by  sea 
or  land,  he  would  freely  invite  them  home.  And  these>  by  reason 
of  Plymouth,  his  neighbour  town,  were  not  a  few;  so  that  at 
one  time,  besides  many  other  great  personages^  he  received  into 
his  house  the  Admirals  of  England,  Spain,  and  Flanders.  And 
this  he  did  for  some  good  space."  A  passage  the  more  remark- 
able, for  that  the  Admirals  of  those  nations  never  met  before  sa 
amicably  at  one  table. 

'  Neither  could  these  great  guests  cause  him  to  forget  the  poor> 
w(tio  were  daily  as  duly  served  as  himself.  Moreover,  whosoever 
(either  servant  or  otherwise),  had  brought  him  word  of  any  thing 
to  be  bought  at  a  reasonable  price,  or  had  done  any  errand  or 
service  for  him,  was  sure  of  a  liberal  reward.  Strangers  arriving 
in  the  haven,  were  presented  with  such  things  as  be  bad;  and 
the  poor  whom  he  met,  received  whatsoever  came  first  to  hand. 
It  happened  once,  that  a  beggar  craved  an  alms  of  him,  to  whom, 
instead  of  a  shilling,  he  gave  a  piece  of  gold  of  ten;  the  beggar 
perceiving  that  he  was  mistaken,  and  doubting  his  displeasure, 
came  crouching,  and  began  to  tell  how  he  was  deceived,  oflering 
him  the  gold  again.  But  Sir  Richard,  loth  to  have  his  alms 
known,  said  to  him,  '  Away,  knave,  and  if  I  catch  thee  any 
more  here,  &c.*  So  the  poor  fcBow,  shrewdly  hurt  by  this  re« 
pulsCji  quietly  departed. 

*  Survey  of  Cornwili,  ff.  loo. 


EARL  MOUNT-EDGCUMBE.  327 

'  But  tp  draw  this  discourse  to  an  end»  be  resembled  the  Em- 
peror Titus^  called^  for  his  good  disposition,  '  The  deligbt  pf  the 
World 5"  who  sitting  on  a  night  at  supper  with  his  acquaintance, 
and  remembering  be  had  bestowed  nothing  on  any  man  that  day, 
cried  out  on  a  sudden,  **  Friends,  I  hav«  lost  a  day."  Sir  Ri- 
chard*8  virtues  procured  him  the  favour  of  his  Prince  and  the 
council,  who,  in  times  of  danger,  chiefly  committed  to  him,  and 
a  very  few  others,  the  government  of  the  shire  where  be  dwelt. 
Tbey  got  him  love  among  his  neighbours,  who  counted  nothing 
loo  dear  for  hims  and  coming  home  in  their  shipping  £rom  far 
oooniries,  would  hale  his  house  with  two  or  three  pieces  of  ord- 
nance, and  present  him  with  the  best  things  they  had.  And, 
lastly,  tbey  purchased  him  credit  among  strangers,  who  would 
commonly  call  him,  **  The  good  old  Knight  of  the  Castle.*' 
These  km  things  I  have  touched,  among  many,  which  in  him 
were  worthy  the  noting.'    Thus  far  that  worthy  author. 

His  last  will  bears  date  July  Ist,  1560,  the  second  of  Queen 
Elizabeth;  and  be  departed  this  life  on  February  1st,  1561-2,  the 
fourth  year  of  her  reign,  as  appears  by  inquisition  taken  at 
Plimpton,  on  May  30th,  4  EHz.p  which  shews  that  he  died  pos- 
sessed, in  Devonshire,  of  the  castle  and  honour  of  Totness,  and 
twenty-eight  Knights  fees  anciently  belonging  to  that  castle  and 
honour,  which  descended  to  him  from  his  grandfather.  Sir  Ri- 
chard Edgcomb,  Knt.  who  had  a  grant  thereof,  on  June  7tb, 
i486,  1  Henry  VII.  to  hold  of  the  King  in  capite  by  Knight*s 
service.  It  also  shews,  that  he  di€d  possessed  of  the  manor  of 
Corneworth,  with  the  appurtenances,  and  the  manor  of  Drews* 
Taynton,  and  the  advowson  of  the  church;  and  that  Peter  Edge- 
comb  was  his  son  and  heir,  and  of  the  age  of  twenty-six;  and 
that  he  had  three  other  sons,  Richard,  Henry,  and  Edward;  also 
four  daughters ;  Catharine,  wife  of  Henry  Champemon,  of  Mod- 
bury-court,  in  Devonshire,  Esq. ;  Anne,  married  to  William  Tre- 
vanion,  Esq. ;  Honor;  and  Elizabeth,  wedded  to  Thomas  Carew, 
of  Anthony,  in  com.  Cornwall,  Esq.  before-mentioned ;  which 
children  4  he  had  by  his  second  Lady,  Winifred,  daughter  of 
William  Essex,  of  the  county  of  Berks,  Esq.  but  by  his  first  wife 
Lady  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Aruodellj  Knight- Banneret, 
he  had  no  issue.    Sir  Richard  lies  burled  in  Maker  church,  under 

P  CoIe*s  Escaet.  Lib.  2.  p.  33^  not.  a.  13.  in  BIbl.  Hirley. 
\  Eimoosoa't  B^fuQagium  Genealogicanu 


328  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

a  gravestone^  with  this  inscription^  which  differs  from  the  inqoi* 
sition  as  to  the  time  of  his  death : 

His  jacet  Richardus  Edgcamhe,  miles^  filins  Petri 
Edgecumbe^  militisi  obiit  primo  die  Decemhris, 
15(51  •. 

His  eldest  son,  Pxtbr  Edgcumb^  Esq.  succeeded  to  the  estate, 
and  was  ^  Sheriff  of  Devonshire  in  the  QKh  of  Qneen  Elizabeth. 
He  served  in  the  same  reign,  in  four  several  parliaments^  for  the 
county  of  Cornwall;  viz.  *m  14^  28,  31,  and  35£liz.>  and  for 
Devonshire  in  13  Eliz.    In  the  other  parliaments  of  that  Queen 
he  ^  served  for  Lestwithiel,  and  Leskard^  in  Ccvawall.    He  mar« 
ried  Margaret^  daughter  of  Sir  Andrew  Lutterell,  of  Dunster* 
castle,  in  com.  Somerset,  Knt.  and  by  her  he  had  issue  four  sons; 
Sir  Richard  Edgcumbe,  Knt.  >  Piers,  who  died  July  8th,  l628, 
and  was  buried  at  St.  Botolph*8  Aldersgate^  London,  and  a  mo- 
nument erected  there  to  his  memory;  Edward, "  of  Bodrygan,  in 
Cornwall^  and  Andrew^'  buried  in  the  church  of  Maker,  on 
March  l/th,  l640;  also  four  daughters;  1.  Margaret,^  who  was 
one  of  the  maids  of  honour  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  wife  of  Sir 
Edward  Denny,  of  Waltbam-abbey,  in  Essex,  Knt.   2.  Catharine, 
of  Sir  Edward  Prideaux,  of  Netberton,  in  Devonshire,  Bart  (and 
by  him  mother  of  two  sons^   1.  Sir  Peter,  ancestor  to  the  present 
Baronet,  seated  there;  and,  2.  Edmund^  of  Ford  abbey,  in  Devon- 
shire, whose  grand-daughter,  Margaret,  carried  that  estate,  ^ilh 
other  lands,  in  marriage  to  Francis  Gwyn,  of  Lansanor^  in,  Gla- 
morganshire, Esq.)     3.  Elizabeth,  of  Sir  John  Speccot,  of  Spec- 
cot,  com.  Devon,  Knt.     And^  4.  Anne^  of  Richard  Trefusis,  of 
Trefusis,  in  Cornwall,  Esq. 

Peter  Edgcumbe,  their  father^  died  on  January  4th,  l607f  aged 
seventy,  and  was  buried  in  Maker  church,  where  a  monument  is 
erected  to  his  memory,  with  the  following  inscriptiixi : 

Hie  jacet  Petrus  Edgcumbe,  armiger^  Richard! 

equitis  61ius  et  pater,  qui  vixit  anhos  lxx^ 

obiit  4'  die  Jan.  MDCVII. 

'  FulIer^s  Worthies  in  Devon. 

»  Wmis'i  Notitta  Pari.  Vol.  II.  p.  la,  and  2^4. 

'  Ibid.  p.  34,  and  40. 

»  Vis.  de  com.  Cornub.  66,  p.  17,  in  Bibl.  Harley. 

>  Ex  Regitt.  Eccles.  y  Inscript.  tumuli  apod  Waltham. 


EARL  MOUNT-EDGCUMBE.  3:^ 

Lief  Tenant  to  mj  Queen  long  Time, 
And  often  for  my  Shire  a  Knigbte} 
^  Mj  Merit  did  to  Creddit  clime, 

Still  biddiftge  in  my  Calling  righfe; 
By  Loyalty  my  Faith  wa9  tryede, 
Peacefull  I  liv'd>  hopeful  I  diede. 

Sir  Richard  Edgecumbe^  eldest  sod^  knighted  by  Ring  James  L 

ferved  *  in  piiiiament  for  Totness,  in  31  £liz.  and  for  Grampound 

ID  Cornwall^  in  35  Eliz.  also  in  the  reign  of  King  James  L^  and 

for  Bossiney^  in  the  reign  of  King  Charles  L    He  married  Mary» 

daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  Thomas  Cottle^  of  London^  Knt.    She 

died  eighteen  years  before  him,  and  was  buried  at  Maker^  where 

remains  this  inscription  to  her  memory  i 

» 

Hie  jacet  Domina  Maria  uxor  Richardi  Edgcumbe» 
militis;  filia  et  haeres  Thomae  Cotede,  de  civitate 
Londini,  militis;  <jaae  sepulta  fuit  26°  die  Julii^  anno 
Domini  1620^ 

He  had  Issue  by  her  three  sons;  Piers  $  Richard,  who  died  un- 
married^ November  5ih,  1656,  and  was  buried  in  St.  Gorran*s 
church 5  and  Thomas/ who  died  an  infant,  May2'id,  l6l4,  and 
was  buried  at  Bishop  Stortford,  in  Hertfordshire ^  their  father 
died  in  the  seventy- fourth  year  of  his  age,  on  March  23d,  1^38,^ 
and  was  buried  atMaker^  April  llth,  i63Q,  Mr.  Edmondson,  la 
bis  Baronagiom  Genealogicum,  mentions  a  former  wife,  tbo 
daughter  of  George  Cary^  of  Cockiogton^  in  Devonshire^  Esq, 
but  no  issue  by  hen 

FiEHs  Edgecumbe,  of  Mount- Edgecumbe,  Esq.^  the  eldest  soa 
and  heir,  served  in  parliament  for  Newport,  and  Camelford,  iiv 
Cornwall,  in  the  reign  of  King  Charles  J.  He  was,  as  the  in-^ 
scription  on  his  monument  (hereafter  mentioned),  sets  forth,  a 
pattern  to  posterity,  and  an  honour  to  the  age.  '  A  master  of 
lar.guages  and  sciences;  a  lover  of  the  King  and  churchy  which 
he  endeavoured  to  support  in  the  time  of  the  civil  wars,  to  the 
utmost  of  his  power  and  fortune/    Sir  Alexander  Carew,  of  An« 

2  Willises  Not.  Pari.  Vol.  II.  p.  98,  and  284.  «  Ibid.  p.  nt. 

^  Chaunce;*s  History  of  Hertfordshire. 

c  Ex  Regist.  Ecclrs.  de  Maker. 

*  WUHs'sNot.  Ptfl.  Vol.  II.  p.  86,  and  164, 


339  MERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

tbony,  in  Cornwall^  Bart,  was  tried  at  €raildhall>  in  London^  by 
a  court  martial^^  for  holding  intelligence  with  Coknel  Edgcambe, 
and  Major  Scawen,  of  the  King's  party,  nd  only  by  letters,  bot 
by  personal  conference  several  times,  at  midnight,  in  their  own 
quarters;  for  which  he  was  beheaded  on  Monday,  December  23d, 
1644,  on  Tower-hiili  the  day  before  the  parliament  voted  that 
the  clause,  '  For  the  preservation  of  his  Majesty's  person,'  should 
be  left  out  of  Sir  Thomas  Fairfax's  commission. 

The  said  Piers  Edgecumbe  married  Mary,  daugbterof  Sir  John 
Glanvil,  of  Broad-Hinton,  in  com.  Wilts,  Knt.  and  died  in  the 
^fty-sixth  year  of  his  age,  on  January  6th,  i060,  leaving  two 
daughters;  ,  wife  of  Sir  Baynham,  Throckmorton,  of  Tort- 

worth,  Gloucestershire,  Bart.  5  and  Winifred,  married  to  Thomas, 
first  Earl  of  Coventry;  also  two  sons.  Sir  Richard  Edgcumbe,  and 
Francis  Edgcumbe,  Esq.  who  lies  buried  at  Calstock,  with  this 
inscription  to  his  memory; 

Hie  repositum  est  corpus  Francisci  Edgcumbe,  ami- 
geri,  filii  j unions  Pearsei  Edgcumbe,  de  Monte- 
Edgcumbe,  armigeri,  qui  obiit  27°  die  Aprilis,  anno 
Domini  1668,  aetatis  sua;  21  ^ 

The  said  Peirs  Edgcnmbe,  Esq.  was  buried  at  Calstock,  where 
a  monument  is  erected,  with  this  inscription: 

Exemplum  posteris,  et  praesentis  aevi  decns,  sden- 
tiarum  qui  fiiit  et  linguarum  magister.  Regis  et  ec- 
desiae  cultor,  quorum  causam  (beu  nimis  civili  bello 
labentem)  summis  viribus  et  proprio  sumptu  fulcire 
conatus  est,  Pearseus  Edgcumbe  de  Monte-Edgcumbe, 
armiger,  filius  Richardi  Edgcumbe,  milids  (daro 
admodum  stemmate)  qui  Mariam  uxorem  dixit  filiam 
Jobannis  Glanville,  militis,  de  Broad-Hinton,  in 
comit.  Wilts.  Ex  qua  binos  filios  et  totidem  natas 
genuit  relicto  hsrede  Richardo  milite  Balnei,  animam 
Deo  resignavit  (depositis  hie  prope  exuviis)  &*  die 
Jan.  An.  Dom.  1660<*.    Et  aetatis  suae  60^. 

« 

His  eldest  son.  Sir  Richard  Edgecumbe,  was  made  one  of  the 

•  Rushworth's  Collectioni,  VoL  V.  f,  47^* 


£ARL  MOUNT-EDGCUMBE.  aai 

Koaghts  of  the  Bath/  on  April  hQtk,  l66l,  four  days  before  the 
coronation  of  King  Charles  II.  They  attended  the  grand  sofem- 
nity,  in  their  purple  robes^  from  the  court  of  requests  to  the 
abbey-church>  where  they  sat  to  see  the  ceremony,  &c.  He  was 
born  at  Mouot-Edgecumbe^s  where  he  was  baptized  on  Februexy 
13thj  1639;  and  was  chosen  for  the  borough  of  Launceston  (alias 
Dunhivid),  in  the  first  parliament  of  King  Charles  II.  and  in  the 
three  next  parliaments  served  as  ^one  of  the  Knights  for  the 
county  of  Comwall.  He  married  the  Lady  Anne  Montagu*  se^ 
cond  surviving  daughter  of  £dward^  Earl  of  Sandwich  ^  and  by 
her  had  issue  three  sons. 

1.  John*  who  died  an  infant*  and  was  burled  at  Maker*  on 
April  9th^  1674. 

2.  Piers*  who  died  at  the  University  of  Cambridge^  agod 
eighteen.    And^ 

3.  Richard*  created  Lord  Edgcumhe, 

Also  five  daughtersj  Anne*  baptized  on  April  l6th*  1672*  and 
buried  at  Maker*  on  May  26th*  1674^  Maiy*  baptized  on  Ja« 
nuary  29th*  1673*  and  buried  at  Maker*  on  July  3d,  1674;  Eli- 
zabeth>  baptized  on  April  22d*  1675*  married  to  '  Atkins* 

Esq.  of  Gloucestershire;  Catharine*  baptized  on  January  25th« 
1^77,  and  buried  at  Maker^  on  May  9th*  168I ;  Anne*  who  was 
baptized  on  June  11th,  l^79»  and  died  unmarried 5  Margaret, 
baptized  on  May  26th*  1 681*  married  to  — ^  Fine,  Esq.  son 
to  the  Lord  Chief  Justice  Pine*  of  Ireland. 

This  Sir  Richard  was  boned  at  Maker*  on  April  3d*  1688*  his 
Lady  surviving  him*  till  March  I4th*  1729*  when  she  died*  and 
was  buried  by  him;  but  had  been,  secondly*  married  to  Christo* 
pher  Montagu*  elder  brother  to  Charles*  Earl  of  Halifax. 

Their  only  surviving  son*  Richakd,  the  fibst  Lokd  Edo« 
cuMBB*  was  born  at  Mount- Edgcumbe*  and  baptized  on  April 
23d*  1680.  Soon  after  he  came  of  age^  he  was  chosen  one  of  the 
representatives  of  the  county  of  Cornwall.  In  the  next  parlia- 
ment* 13  William  1 11.^  he  served  for  the  town  of  St.  Germains; 
and  for  Plympton,  in  the  first  year  of  Queen  Anne;  and  was 
constantly  elected  to  every  parliament  whilst  he  was  a  com* 
moner.  His  Lordship  was  constituted  one  of  the  Lords  Commis- 
aooers  of  the  Treasury*  on  June  22d*  I7l6j  also  on  June  11th* 
172O3  and  on  April  3d*  1724,  with  Hugh  Rosea  wen*  Viscount 

f  Aiuti6*s  Obfeirat,  on  Knighthood  of  the  Bath*  4to*  p.  81  to  89. 
K  Ex  Regitc.  Ecclet.  de  Maker.  ^  Willii*  ut  antes*  p.  14*  2  j. 

i  VViUif,  Vol.  II.  p.  154. 


332  PEERtVGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Falmouth^  had  the  offices  of  Vice^treasnver^  Beceiver-general, 
Treasurer  of  War>  and  Paymaster- general  of  his  Majesty  *s  revenues 
in  Ireland. 

He  was  created  Lord  Edocumbb^  on  April  20th«  l/^^j  and 
on  December  22d,  1/43^  he  was  constituted  Chancellor  of  the' 
Duchy  of  Lancaster. 

On  January  5tlr,  1743-4,  he  was  sworn  of  hb  Majesty's  Privy 
Council  'f  and  was  aho  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Gustos  Rotulorura  of 
the  county  of  Cornwall.  On  the  rebellion  in  1749,  he  was  one 
of  the  twelve  noblemen,  who  were  commissioned  to  raise  a  regi- 
ment of  foot,  each,  at  the  public  expense;  and  on  January  2itfa, 
1758,  having  resigned  the  office  of  Chancellor  of  the  Duchy  of 
Lancaster,  was  declared  Warden  and  Chief-justice  in  Eyre  of  all 
his  Majesty's  forests,  parks,  chaces,  and  warrens,  beyond  Trent. 
His  Lordship  departed  this  life  on  November  22d,  1 758  j  and  by 
Matilda  bis  wife  (who  died  March,  17^1  >  ^nd  was  buried  at 
Waldershare),  daughter  of  Sir  Henry  Furnese,  of  Waldershare, 
in  Kent,  Bart,  left  issue  two  sons»  Richard  and  George,  succcs« 
sively  Lords  Edgcumbe. 

Richard,  the' eldest  son,  and  second  LonD  Edqcumbs,  re^ 
presented  the  borough*  of  Lestwithiel  in  the  tenth  parliament  of 
Great  Britain,  and  in  the  next,  which  met  on  May  Slst,  17^4, 
sat  for  the  borough  of  Penryn,  until  he  succeeded  to  the  peerage. 
In  December,  1755,  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  Lords  of  the 
Admiralty;  but  resigned  his  seat  at  that  board  in  November» 
}756,  on  being  constituted  Comptroller  of  his  Majesty's  house* 
hold,  and  admitted  to  the  Privy-Council.  His  Lordship,  on  Fe- 
bruary 23d,  \75g,  was  constituted  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Gustos 
Rotulonmi  of  the  county  of  Cornwall :  but  dying  a  bachelor  on 
May  10th,  17^1^*'  when  he  was  also  a  Major-general^  the  peer- 
age and  estate  devolved  upon  his  brother, 

Gforoe,  third  Lord,  and  first  Earl  Edocumbb,  who  was 
then  Clerk  of  the  Council  of  the  Duchy  of  Lancaster,  but  re- 
ftigned  that  office  in  June,  J 762.  When  a  commoner,  be  wai 
returned  for  Plympton  and  Fowey,  to  the  parliament  which  met 
lirst  for  the  dispatch  of  business  on  November  12th,  1747,  but 
took  his  seat  for  Foweyj  for  which  he  was  also  chosen  in  1754} 
and  likewise  at  the  general  election  in  1761,  but  was  entitled  to 
a  sea^  in  the  house  of  Peers  before  the  Parliament  met.    His 

^  See  a  beautiful  character  of  him  in  the  AcldltioBs  to  the  Royal  and  Noble 
Auihofi,  in  the  posthumoas  CoUectioB  of  Lord  Orford's  Works^  410* 


EARL  MOUNT-EDGCUMBE.  333 

Lordship  being  bred  to  a  maritime  life,  was,  after  going  through 
the  inferior  stations  of  midshipman,  &c.  made  a 'Captain  in  his 
Majesty's  navy,  on  August  igfth,  1744,  and  on  all  occasions  dis- 
played the  spirit  of  a  brave  and  judicious  officer.  On  June  I8th^ 
1761,  his  Lordship/ as  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Gustos  Rdtulcruna 
of  the  county  of  Cornwall,  took  the  oaths  appointed  to  be  takco 
instead  of  the  oaths  of  allegiance  and  supremacyj  and  in  No- 
vember, 1762,  was  constituted  Rear-admiral  of  the  Blue. 

His  Lordship  was  advanced  to  the  dignity  of  Viscount  Edg- 
cuMBB,  February  17th,  178I,  and  to  that  of  Eaki.  op  Mount- 
Edocumbe,  August  18th,  1789. 

In  1773,  his  Lordship  was  appointed  Captain  of  the  Band  of 
Gentlemen  Pensioners;  which  he  resigned  in  1782. 

His  Lordship  at  the  time  of  his  death,  which  happened  on 
February  4ih,  1795,  was  Admiral  of  the  Blue,  Lord  Lieutenant 
and  Cuatos  Rotulorum  of  the  county  of  Cornwall,  Joint  Vice- 
Treasurer  of  Ireland,  and  LL.D. 

On  August  6lh,  176I,  his  Lordship  wedded  Emma,  only  child 
of  Dr.  John  Gilbert,  Archbishop  of  York  (who  died  a  few  days 
afterwards)}  and  by  her  Ladyship,  who  died  December  26th^ 
I8O7,  hadason, 

Richard,  born  on  September  13th,  1764,  who  succeeded  hia 
father  as  second  £arl  Mount-Edecvmbb. 

His  Lordship  married,  February  2lst,  1789,  Lady  Sophia  Ho* 
bart,  daughter  and  coheir  of  John,  second  Earl  of  Buckingham- 
•hire;  and  by  her,  who  died  August  17th,  I8O6,  had  issue, 

1.  Lady  Emma  Sophia,  born  July  28th,  1791. 

2.  Lady  Caroline,  bom  Octob<jr  22d,  1792. 

3.  William,  Viscount  Falletort,  born  November  19th,  1794. 

4.  Ernest,  bom  March  2ad,  1797. 

5.  A  daughter,  born  June  26lh,  18CX). 

His  Lordship  is  Lord  Lieutenant,  Vice- Admiral,  and  Custos  Ro- 
tulorum of  the  county  of  Cornwall,  Captain  of  the  Band  of  Gen- 
tlemen Pensioners,  High  Steward  of  Plympton,  Devonshire,  and 
F.S.A. 

Titles.  Richard  Edgcumbe,  Lord  Edgcumbe,  Baron  of  Mount- 
^gcumbej  Viscount  Valletort,  and  Earl  Mount- Edgcumbe. 

Creations.  Baron  Edgcumbe,  of  Mount-Edgcumbe,  in  the 
county  of  Devon,  April  20th,  1742,  15  George  11. 5  Viscount 
MouDt-Edgcumbe  and  Valletort,  March  5th,  178I;  and  Earl 
Mount-Edgcumbe,  August  18th,  J  789- 


S34 


PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 


Arms.  Gnles  en  a  fiend.  Ermines,  cottised.  Or,  thrte  boars 
beads  couped.  Argent. 

Crest.  On  a  wreatb^  Or  and  Gales,  a  boar  passant.  Argent^ 
about  the  neck  a  chaplet  of  oak  leaves.  Vert,  fmcCed  proper. 

Supporters.  On  each  side  a  greyhound.  Argent,  gutt£e  do 
poix,  collared  dovetail  double,  Gules. 

Motto.    Au  Playsibb  fort  db  Dieu. 

Chief  Seats.  At  Mount-Edgcumb,  near  Pljoiouth,  in  Devon* 
■shire ;  and  Cotele,  Core  wall. 


EARL  TORTESCUB. 


FORTESCOE  EARL  FORTESCUE. 

This  family  derives  its  origin  from  Sir  Richabd  !e  Forte,  « 
penoQ  of  extraordinaiy  strength  and  courage,  and  a  distioguisfaed 
•oldier  nnder  William,  Duke  of  Noimandj,  in  bis  expedilion  into 
England,  A.  D.  1066;  who  beariag  3  strong  shield  befnre  tha 
Duke,  at  the  decisive  batile  of  Hastings,  in  Sussex,  against  King 
Harold,  wherein  he  was  exposed  to  imminent  danger,  having 
three  horses  killed  under  him,  coutributed  greatly  to  hb  preserva- 
tion; from  which  lignal  event  his  posterity  assumed  the  name 
and  mottn  of  the  ^mily:  the  word  scutum,  in  Latin,  or  tscu,  in 
French  (a  shield),  being  added  to  their  original  denomi nation. 
Forte,  composes  the  name,  and  the  motto  is  Forte  Scutdm  sa* 
Lus  DucTTM.  Likewise  when  the  bearing  of  crests  became  here- 
ditary, this,  jamily  assumed  a  shield  for  theirs. 

Sir  Adah  Fortescue,  Knt,  his  son,  was  likewise  a  principal 
commander  in  the  same  battle,  and  behaved  so  valiantly,  that  for 
the  services  his  father  and  he  had  done,  the  Conqueror  gave  him 
WimondestoD,  Wimstonc,  or  (as  it  is  now  written)  Winatone,  in 
the  parish  of  Modbcrry,  within  the  hundred  of  Armington,  and 
county  of  Devon,  with  divers  other  lands  in  that  and  other  coun- 
ties ;  which  grants  were  confirmed  by  a  charter  of  King  John,  in 
the  tenth  year  of  his  reign,  and  continued  in  (he  lamily  to  the 
reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  After  the  afiaira  of  this  kingdom 
were  settled.  Sir  Richard  returned  to  bis  family  in  Normandy, 
where  his  posterity  by  another  son  continued  in  great  repute; 
but  Sir  Adam  remaining  in  England,  became  the  patriarch  of 
■cveral  flourishing  fomilies  of  this  name. 

Sir  William  Pole  obsenrei  in  his  manaicripts  of  Charters,  'tbit 

•>  Pole's  MS.  oTChiruri. 


3S(t  PEEBAGE  OP  ENGIAND. 

Wymondeston,  now  Winston,  in  tfae  parish  of  Modbaiy,  was  the 
iDost  ancient  seat  of  this  family,  in  whose  possession  it  continued 
from  the  dajs  of  King  John  to  the  reign'of  Queen  Elizabeth. 

King  Johir,  by  his  letfers  patent  dated  in  the  10th  year  of  his 
feign,  enfeoffed  therewith  John  Fortescu,^  after  whom  it  came  to 
his  son. 

Sir  Richard,*^  and  after  him  to 

Adam  Fortescu,  who  was  dead  in '3 1  Edward  L  for  then  it  wa» 
specified  "^  he  held  Wymonston  by  one  knight*8  fee  of  the  honour 
of  Tremeton. 

His  son  and  heir  was  another  Adam,  who  grants  to  Henry 
Lopperigge  seven  shillings  annual  rent,  which  Richard,  the  son 
i£  Philip  Gretun,  used  to  pay  him  for  his  tenement  at  Wymon- 
ston;  witnesses.  Sir  Andrew  Trelesk,  Peter  de  Prideaux,  &c. 
dated  at  Wymonston,  Friday  next  following  the  fea^t  of  St.  Am- 
brose [April  4th]  1302,  the  30th  of  King  Edward,  son  of  Henry.« 
To  the  deed  an  oyai  seal  is  affixed,  wherein  was  the  badge  of  a 
star,  and  circumscribed  Sigillum  Ad/m  Fortescu. 

To  him  succeeded  his  son  and  heir,  another  Adam,  who  mar* 
tied  Anne,  daughter  and  colieir  to  William  Delaport,  of  Old  Port, 
in  com.  Devon,  by  whom  he  had  three  sons,  William,^  Richard, 
■nd  Nicholas. 

Which  WrLLiAM,  at  making  the  King's  eldest  son  a  Knight, 
IB  19  Edward  III.  paid  for  one  knight*s-fee  in  Wymondoston, 
held  of  Tremeton,  which  Adam  de  Fortescu  heldJ  In  28  £d« 
ward  III.  I  find  him  witness  to  a  deed  of  Walter  de  Strechlegh,*^ 
whereby  he  enfeoffed  his  lands  in  Strechlegh,  Forsan,  Cokesland, 
Broke,  Punstan,  and  Tamerton,  on  the  daughter  of  the  said  Wal- 
ter, named  Alice,  whom  this  said  William  Fortescu  married,  and 
had  issue  by  her 

WiLi.rAM ;  and  in  48  Edward  III.  William  Coffin,  son  and 
heir  of  Walter  Coffin,  grants  lands  in  Strechlegh,  Forsan,  Cokes- 
land,  Broke,  Boraton,  Tamerton,  and  Dunstan,*  to  Walter  de 
Sttechlegb,  and  bis  heirs,  in  default  to  Willinm  Fortescu,  son  of 
William  Fortescu,  and  Alice,  daughter  of  the  said  W^alter  de 

*»  Lodse*t  Peerage  of  Ireland,  Vol.  IV.  p.  x^z, 
c  Vliit.  dc  Devon  in  Collect.  Sio).  Segar.  <i  Pole,  IbiJ.  p.  42$. 

«  Pole'f  MS.  Charters,  p.  100,  et  srq. 
f  Th:8e  descents  somewhat  diffvr  fiom  the  deduction  in  Archdairs  Irish  Peer* 
sge,  III.  341.    In  that  work,  occur  Sir  Richard  an<l  Sir  Kicholas,  Knights  of 
St.  John  of  Jerusalem,  who  attended  King  Richard  I.  to  the  Holy  Land. 
I^Pole*s  MS.  Charters)  p.  479.  h  Jbid.  p.  215.  '  Ibid. 


EARL  FORTESCUE.  3S7 

Strechlegh,  and  to  the  heirs  of  their  two  bodies.  In  50  Edw.  III. 
William  Fortescu,  and  Walter  Strecblegh/  grant  to  William 
Yearle,  vicar  of  the  church  of  Valhamton,  an  annual  rent  of  408. 
sterling,  to  be  received  out  of  their  lands  on  the  feast  of  St.  A(i- 
chael  the  Archangel,  for  the  term  of  twenty-one  years,  sealed 
with  three  seals  of  arms  annexed,  the  middlemost  bdng  the  arms 
the  Fortescue  family  bears.  The  said  William^  in  2  Richard  II. 
being  wrote  William  Fortescue,  senior,  had  a  grant  with  Sir  Phi- 
lip and  Sir  Peter  Courtenay,  Knts.  from  Richard  Mauldit,  called 
Somaister,  of  lands  in  Smytheston,  Wimpetl,  and  Thuverton.  By 
the  said  Alice  his  wife,  he  had  issue, 

William,  his  son  and  heir,  who  married  Elizabeth,  sister  and 
coheir  to  Thomas  Beauchamp,  of  Ryme,^  in  the  county  of  Dorset, 
widow  of  Richard,  son  of  Adam  Branscomb,  by  which  Richard 
she  had  no  issue;  and  in  J 6  Richard  II.  I  find  an  assignment  of 
dower,  made  at  Over-AHer,  the  Tuesday  next  af^er  the  feast  of 
St.  Martin  that  year,  to  the  said  William,  styling  him  junior, 
and  Elizabeth  his  wife,  of  all  lands,  &c.  which  were  the  said  Ri« 
chard  Branscomb^s,  husband  of  the  said  Elizabeth,  in  Over-AUer; 
being  sealed  with  the  Fortescues'  arms,  and  a  crescent  for  differ- 
ence.™   He  had  issue,  by  his  said  wife,  Elizabeth,  two  sons. 

1.  William,  his  successor,  at  Winston,  from  whom  the  For- 
tescues of  Winstone,  Pristone^  Spi^relistoo,  Falapit,  and  Hext, 
were  >*  descended.     And, 

2.  Sir  John  Fortescue,  one  of  those  heroes  who  signalized 
themselves  in  the  wars  under  that  victorious  King,  Henry  V.  and 
merited  knighthood  for  his  valour  and  conduct  upon  the  reduc- 
tion of  Meaux,  in  France,  the  metropolis  of  La-Brie,  in  1422, 
when  he  wa&  made  Governor  and  Captsdn  thereof.  He  married 
Joan,^  daughter  and  heir  of  Henry,  son  of  William  Norreis,  of 
Norreis,  in  the  parish  of  North- Hewish,  in  com.  Devon,  by  whom 
he  had  among  other  children, 

1.  Sir  Henry,  appointed  Lord  Chief  Justice  of  the  Common 
Pleas  in  Ireland,  June  25th,  1426,  4  Henry  VI.  from  whom  by 
his  first  wife,  Joan,  daughter  of  Edmund  Bozun,  of  Bozuns  Hele, 
beir  to  the  family  of  Wood;  in  Devonshire,  descended  the  first 

k  Pole's  MS.  Charters,  p.  5x6. 

'  Archdall  saysi  Lord  of  Kyme,  in  Lincolnshire, 

m  Pole*8MS.  p.  311. 

■  See  theie  something  more  detailed  in  Archdall,  IIL  341* 

•  Or,  according  to  the  Baronagium  Genealegicaoa,  Eleanor,  daughter  aad  heir 

of  William  Norrcit,  ofPevoosliire. 

yoi..  V  « 


338  PEERA.GE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Fortescues  of  Wood,  which  ended  in  an  heir  fenrtale,  Joan,  mar- 
ried to  Lewis  Fortescue,  of  Priston^P  and  by  his  second  wife, 
who  was  the  daughter  and  heir  of  Fallopit,  he  had  Richard  For* 
tescue,  his  successor  there,  from  whom  the  first  race  of  the  For- 
tescues of  that  place  descended ;  whose*  heir  female,  Elizabeth, 
conveyed  it  bj  marriage  to  Lewis,  a  younger  son  of  John  For- 
tescue, of  Spindelston.*i 

2.  Sir  John  Fortescue,  ELnt.  of  whom  hereafter, 

3.  Richard,  returned  among  the  gentry  of  the  county  of  Deroo, 
in  12  Henry  VL  and  from  him '  are  derived  the  Fortescues  of 
Punsburn,  in  com.  Hertford;  Falkborn^  in  Bssexj  and  those  of 
Balden,  in  com.  Bucks;  and  those  of  Suffolk. 

'  I  DOW  return  to  Sir  John  Fortescue,'  Knt.  second  son,  edu- 
cated in  Lincoln*s-Inn.  He  was  in  1430,  called  to  the  degree  of 
Serjeant  at  Law,^  and  in  ^  1441,  constituted  King's  Serjeant. 
The  next  year  he  was  made  Loi^d  Chibf-Justice  of  Eng- 
land,^ being  a  particular  favourite  of  King  Henry  VL  to  whom 
be  was,  lastly.  Lord  Chancellor .y 

F  Whose  descendant,  Peter,  was  created  a  Baronet  January  ^prb,  j666. 

4  Hit  grandson,  Peter,  of  Fallowpit,  was  father  of  Edmund,  created  a  Baronet^ 
March  31  sty  1664. 

*'  Sir  John  Fortescue,  of  Puosburn,  was  his  second  ton,  and  married  Alice, 
daughter  of  Sir  Gcfirey  BuUein,  by  whom  he  had  Sir  John  Fortescue,  of  Puns- 
burn,  whose  son,  John,  married  — —  the  daughter  and  heir  of  Monrgomerf, 
of  Falkborn  Hal]|  in  Essex,  and  left  issue  Henry  Fortescue,  of  Punsburn,  and  of 
FaUcborn  Hall,  Esq.  who  was  Sheriff  of  Herttbrdshire,  1^63,  and  was  one  of  the 
four  Squires  for  the  body  to  Queen  Elizabeth.  He  died  Oct.  6th,  1576,  and  was 
buried  in  Fdlkborn  church.  By  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Stafford,  of  BroadfielJ, 
Berki,  he  had  four  soni,  and  five  daughters;  of  whom,  Dudley,  a  younger  son, 
married,  July  19th,  1581,  Mary  Strongman,  widow;  and  Katharine,  one  of  the 
daughters,  married  Anthony  Bridges,  third  ion  of  John,  first  Lord  Chandos,  from 
whom  descended  the  late  claimant  to  the  Barony  of  Chandos.  Francis  Fortescue, 
their  elder  brother,  died  1588,  aged  forty-two.  His  son,  Edmund  Fortescue,  , 
who  died  1596,  was  grandfather  of  William  Fortescue,  who  sold  Falkborn  to  the 
Bullocks  in  1637. 

Sir  Adrian  Fortescue,  younger  son  of  Sir  John  Fortescue,  of  Punsburn,  was 
father  of  Sir  John  Foruscue,  Chancellor  of  the  Exshequer,  1590,  who  was 
seated  at  Salden  House,  in  Bucks,  and  died  1607.  1*be  posterity  of  his  second 
son.  Sir  John,  remained  at  Salden,  till  they  became  extinct  in  Sir  Francis  For^ 
tescue,  who  died  at  Bath,  without  issue,  November  nth,  1729. 

'  Former  editions  of  Collins  have  made  Sir  John  younger  son,  and  not  younger 
brother  of  Sir  Henry ;  but  1  have  followed  ArchdalPs  Irish  Peerage,  for  tke  re»- 
loos  assigned  by  him. 

t  Dugd.  Orig.  Jurid.  et  Chron.  Series,  p.  6x.  »  Ibid.  p. 

^  Ibid.  p.  62. 
T  Seidea*s  Notse  prefix.  J.  Fortescue  di  LattdUus  Leg.  Jngl, 


EARL  FORTESCUE.  9Sg 

He  is  highly  commended  by  our  most  eminent  writers  for  the 
wisdom^  gravity,  and  uprightness,  with  which  he  presided  in  the 
Court  of  King's  Bench  for  many  years.  He  remained  in  great 
favour  with  the  King,  of  which  he  received  a  signal  proof,  by  an 
uousnal  aagmentation  of  his  salary.  He  held  his  office  through  the 
reign  of  Henry  VI.  to  whom  he  steadily  adhered,  and  served  him 
faithfldly  in  all  his  troubles:  for  which,  in  the  first  parliament  of 
Edward  IV.  which  began  at  Westminster  in  November  146l,  he 
was  attainted  of  high  treason,  in  the  same  act  by  which  Hen.  VI. 
Queen  Margaret,-  Edward,  their  son,  and  many  persons  of  the 
first  distinction,  were  likewise  attainted.  After  this  Heniy  fled 
into  Scotland  5  and  it  is  generally  believed,  that  he  then  made 
Fortescue  Chancellor  of  England,  His  name,  indeed,  upon  this 
occasion,  is  not  found  recorded  in  the  patent  rolls;  because,  as 
Selden  *  says,  "  being  with  Henry  VI.  driven  into  Scotland  by 
the  fortune  of  the  wars  with  the  House  of  York,  he  was  made 
Chancellor  of  England  while  he  was  there.  Several  writers  have 
staled  him  Chancellor  of  England ;  and  in  his  book  De  Laudilms 
Legum  Angl'ue,  he  calls  himself  Cancellarius  Anglx^y 

In  April  h63,  he  embarked  with  Queen  Margaret,  Prince. 
Edward,  and  many  persons  of  distinction,  who  followed  the  for- 
tunes of  the  House  of  Lancaster,  at  Bamburgh,  and  landed  at 
Sluys,  in  Flanders :  whence  they  were  conducted  to  Bruges,  thence 
to  Lisle,  and  thence  into  Lorrain.  In  this  exile  he  remained  for 
many  years,  retiring  from  place  to  place,  as  the  necessities  of  the 
royal  family  required :  for,  though  during  that  space,  the  Queen 
and  Prince  were  often  in  motion,  and  great  efforts  were  made  to 
restore  Henry,  yet  considering  the  age  of  Fortescue,  it  is  not  pro- 
bable  that  he  was  suffered  to  expose  himself  to  such  hazards; 
especially  as  he  might  do  them  better  service  by  soliciting  their 
interest  at  different  courts.  It  is  certain  that  he  was  not  idle; 
but  observing  the  excellent  understanding  of  Prince  Edward,  who 
applied  himself  wholly  to  military  exercises,  and  seemed  to  think 
of  nothing  but  qualifying  himself  for  an  expert  commander,  he 
thought  it  high  time  to  give  him  other  impressions,  and  to  infuse 
into  his  mind  just  notions  of  the  constitution  of  his  country,  as 
well  as  due  respect  to  its  laws ;  so  that,  if  Providence  should  fa- 
vour his  designs,  he  might  govern,  as  a  King,  and  not  as  a  tyrant, 
or  a  conqueror.     With  this  view,  as  we  learn  from  his  Introduc- 

'*•  Epistle  to  the  Reader,  prefixed  to  hiiKotet  on  Fortescue  X>/  iMvdibia  Igegum 


340  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

doD,  he  drew  up  his  famous  work,  intitled,  De  Laudihus  Legum 
AnglicB;  whicb^  though  it  failed  of  its  primary  iateotioii,«  that 
hopeful  Prince  being  not  long  after  cruelly  murdered,  will  yet 
remain  an  everlasting  monument  of  this  great  and  good  man's 
respect  and  affection  for  his  country.  This  very  curious  and  con- 
cise vindication  of  our  laws,  wa»  received  with  g^reat  esteem  when 
it  was  communicated  to  the  learned  of  that  profession ;  yet  it  was 
not  published  till  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  Several  editions  have 
iitice  been  given  of  it,  with  different  titles  each  time:  yet  none 
of  them  suitable  to  the  value  of  the  performance,  till  that  printed 
in  folio  in  1732;  and  again  in  1741;  with  a  copious  preface,  with 
large,  learned,  and  useful  annotations,  an  accurate  index,  and 
whatever  else  is  necessary  to  satisfy  a  curious  and  inquisitive 
reader. 

The  House  of  Lancaster  having  afterwards  a  prospect  of  re- 
trieving their  fortunes,  the  Queen  and  the  Prince  went  over  to 
England,  Fortescue,  with  many  others,  accompanying  them.  They 
did  not  succeed  $  so  that  this  Chancellor  was  forced  to  reconcile 
himself  as  well  as  he  could  to  the  victorious  Edward  IV.  for 
which  purpose  he  wrote  a  kind  of  apology  for  his  own  conduct. 
This  treatise,  though  it  has  never  been  published,  Selden  had 
seen  j  as  he  tells  us  in  his  Preface  to  Fortescoe's  Book  De  Laudi^ 
bus.  After  all  these  extraordinary  changes  of  masters  and  for- 
tunes, he  preserved  his  old  principles  in  regard  to  the  English 
constitution ;  as  appears  from  another  valuable  and  learned  work, 
written  by  him  in  English,  and  published  in  the  reign  of  Queeo 
Anne,  with  this  title.  The  D^erence  between  an  absolute  and 
limiied  Monarchy,  as  it  more  particularly  regards  the  bnglisk 
Constitution}  bang  a  TVeatise  written  by  Sir  John  Fortescue, 
Knight,  Lord  Chief  Justice,  and  Lord  High  Chancellor  of  Eng- 
land under  King  Henry  VI.  faithfully  transcribed  from  the  Ma- 
nuscript Copy  in  the  Bodleian  Library;  and  collated  with  three 
other  Manuscripts.  Published  with  some  Remarks  by  John  For^ 
tescue  Aland,  of  the  Inner  Temple,  Esq.  F.  Ji.  S,  1714,  Svo. 
There  is  a  Manuscript  of  this  work  in  the  Cotton  Library,  in  the 
title  of  which  it  is  said  to  be  addressed  to  King  Henry  VI  j  but 
nany  passages  in  it  shew  it  to  have  been  plainly  written  in  favour 
of,  and  for  the  service  of  Edward  IV.  A  second  edition,  with 
amendments,  was  published  in  1719,  8vo.  As  for  this  autbor'f 
other  writings,  which  were  pretty  numerous,  as  they  were  never 
printed,  we  know  nothing  more  of  them,  than  we  learn  from  the 
titles^  and  the  commendations  bestowed  upon  them  by  those  wiK> 


EARL  FORTESCUE.  341 

had  perused  them.  They  have^  however,  been  carefully  preserved 
io  libraries,  some  of  them  being  still  extant  under  the  following 
titles :  Opusculum  de  natura  legis  naiuree,  et  de  ejus  censura  in 
successione  regnorum  supremorum.'^Defensio  Juris  Damus'Latt" 
castruB, —  Genealogy  of  the  House  of  Lancaster, —  Of  the  TitU 
of  the  House  of  York, — Genealogi4B  Regum  Scotue. — A  Dialogue 
between  Understanding  and  Faith.'^A  Prayer  Book,  which  5a- 
vours  much  of  the  Times  we  live  in.  It  would  certainly  be  a  great 
benefit  to  the  learned  world,  if  his  manuscripts  were  printed;  for 
he  was  a  man  of  genera!  knowledge,  great  observation,  and  hit 
writings  would  probably  throw  much  light  upon  the  dark  parts  of 
our  history  and  antiquities. 

We  know  nothing  further  of  his  life,  which  probably  was  spent 
in  retirement  in  the  country,  free  from  the  cares,  and  remote  from 
the  dangers  of  a  court.  Neither  is  there  any  distinct  account 
preserved  of  his  death;  we  are  only  told  in  general,  that  he  was 
then  near  ninety  years  of  age,  which  the  circumstances  of  his  life 
rendered  very  probable.  His  remains  were  interred  in  the  church 
of  Ebrington,  in  Gloucestershire, where  he  had  purchased  an  estate; 
and  where  Colonel  Robert  Fortescue,  of  Filley,  in  1^77^  caused 
a  monument  to  be  repaired,  on  which  was  the  figure  of  this  ve- 
nerable person  in  his  robes^  and  added  an  inscription  *■  to  his  me- 

•  In 

Fxlicem  ct  immoitalem  Meoioriatn 
Claristimi  Viri,  Domini 

JoRANNIS  FoRTESCUTl 

Militis,  Grandaivi,  Anglise  Judicis  primarii, 

et  procfssu  temporlst  sub  Hen.  6.  Rege  Sc 

Edwardo  Principe,  summi  Cancellarii, 

Regis  Conciliarii  prudentissimi, 

Legum  Anglie  pericissimi, 

nee  non  earundem 
Hyperaspistis 

ibrtisaimi. 
Qui 

Corporis  ezuvizs,  Ixtam  Reiur- 

rectionem  erpectantes, 

Hie  deposuir. 

Marmoreum  hoc  Monumeotum 

positum  eftt  A.  D. 

M.    DC.    LXXVir. 

Voto  et  expeosis  Roberti  Foutiscuti, 

Armigeri,  cjusdem  Famillae  Hs: 

:  redii,  ooper  defuncti. 


S42  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

mory.  It  was  truly  said  by  Mr.  Fortescue  Aland^^  that  *'  all 
good  men,  and  lorers  of  the  English  constiturioo,  speak  of  him 
with  honour^  and  that  he  still  lives  in  the  opinion  of  all  ivofi 
Englishmen,  in  as  high  esteem  and  reputation  as  any  judge  that 
ever  sat  in  Westminster-Hall.  He  was  a  man  acquainted  with  all 
sorts  of  learning,  besides  his  knowledge  of  the  law,  in  which  he 
was  exceeded  by  none;  as  will  appear  by  the  many  judgments  he 
gave  when  on  the  Bench,  in  the  Year-Book  of  Henry  VL  His 
character  in  history  is  that  of  pious,  loyal,  and  learned;  and  he 
had  the  honour  to  be  called  the  chief  counsellor  of  the  King.  He 
was  a  great  courtier,  and  yet  a  great  lover  of  his  country.^ 

Martin  Fortescub,  Esq.  his  son  and  heir  (by  Elizabeth  his 
wife,  daughter  of  SirJVIiles  Stapleton),  married  Elizabeth,  daugh- 
ter and  heir  of  Richard  Deynsell,  of  Filleigh  and  Weare-GifFord, 
in  com.  Devon,  Esq.  whereby  he  became  possessed  of  those  estates, 
together  with  Buckland- Filleigh 5  and  had  issue  two  sons: .    ^ 

1,  John,  ancestor  to  Hugh,  Earl  Fortescue,  ot  whom  I  am 
principally  to  treat.    And, 

2.  William,  who  got  the  estate  of  Buckland-Filleigh,  and  from 
whom  the  family  in  Ireland  is  dcscended.<^ 

Angligenai  intra  Cancellos   juris  et  srqui 
Qui  tenuit,  cioeres  jam  tenec  Urna  Viri. 
Lex  viva  ille  fuit  Patriae,  Lux  iplendid^i  Legis, 
Fort*  Bonis  Seutttrnf  Son ci bus  et  Scutica. 
Clarus  erat  titulis,  clarus  Majoribus,  Arte 
Clarus,  Virtute  ast  cUrior  emicuit. 
Jam  micat  in  tenebris,  veluci  Carbunculus  Orbi^ 
Nam  Virtus  radios  non  dare  tanta  neqult. 
Vivit  adhuc  Foutxscvtus  laudatut  in  zvum; 
Vivit  et  in  Legum  laudibus  ilie  sois. 
^  Preface  to  the  Difference  between  an  absolute  and  limited  Monarchy,  p.  39. 
c  This  account  of  Sir  John  Fortescue  is  copied  from  the  Biographical  Dic- 
tionary. 

d  William  Fortescue,  of  Buckland-Filleighy  had  a  son  and  heir,  john|  who,  by 
Christian  Arscot,  had  William,  of  Buckland-Filleigh ;  who,  by  Anne  Giffoid, 
had  John,  of  the  same  place  ;  who  married,  first,  Anne  Porter;  and,  secondly, 
$usanna  Chkheiiter;  which  last  was  the  ancesuess  of  the  Earl  and  Viscount 
Clermont. 

By  the  firmer  wife,  John  had  Roger,  whose  son,  John,  by  the  daughter  of 
Prideauz,  had  three  sons;  of  whom,  William  was  the  eldest.— William  Fortescue, 
Esq.  of  Fallowpit  and  Buckland-Filleigh,  was  appointed  a  Baron  of  the  Exche- 
quer, 1736;  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas,  1738;  and  Master  of  the  Rollsy 
1741 )  in  which  offi'ce  he  was  succeeded  by  Sir  John  Strange,  1750.  He  was  the 
and  contspoadent  of  Pope  $  and  fifty-four  of  the  Poet*s  letters  to  him  act 


EARL  FORTESCUB.  345 

JoHW>  the  eldest  son  and  heir^  married  Jaquetta^  eldest  daagh* 
'  ter  of  Ralph  St.  Leger,  Esq.  by  whom  he  had  issue 

Batholombw  Fortbscue,  of  Filleigh  and  Weare-Gifibrd^ 
Esq.  who  had  issue  ^ 

Richard  Fortbscub^  Esq.  hit  son  and  heir,  who  was  father 
of 

Hugh  Fortbscub^  Esq.  his  son  and  heir,  who  had  to  wife  Eli- 
zabeth^ eldest  daughter  of  Sir  John  Chichester^  of  Raleigh^  in 
com.  Devon^  and  sister  of  Sir  Arthur  Chichester^  Baron  of  Bel- 
fast, and  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland,  by  whom  he  was  father  of 

John  Fortbscub,  Esq.  He  wedded  Elizabeth^  daughter  of 
Sir  John  Specot,  Knt.  and  from  them  proceeded 

HaoH  FoRTEscuB,  Esq.  their  son  and  heir,  who  died  l66l, 
and  by  Mary  his  wife,'  daughter  of  Robert  RoUe,  ancestor  to  Lord 
RoUe,  had  five  sons : 

1.  Colonel  Robert  Fortescue^  who  married  Grace,  daughter  to 
Sir  Bevile  Granville^  of  Stowe^  in  Cornwall,  iLnt.  and  sister  to 
John,  Earl  of  Bath,  but  died  without  male  issue. 

a,  Arthur,  of  whom  hereafier. 

3.  Edmonds  Fortescue,ofLondon,Esq.  who  married  Sarah,  eldest 
daughter  to  Henry  Aland,  of  Waterford,  Esq.  who. died  1681,"* 
and  sister  to  Henry«  who  died  without  issue  in  1683;  and  dj^ing 
1691,  left  three  sons.  ].  Edmund  Fortescne  Aland,  of  Speccot, 
Esq.  who  died  unmarried,  in  August,  1 704.  2.  Sir  John  Fortescue 
Aland,  created  Lord  Fortescue.     3.  Henry,  born  March  17th, 

published  in  the  Supplemental  Tolame  to  Pope*t  Worksy  1807*  8vo.  extracted 
from  Folwkele's  DrpoHiUrei  where  tee  more  of  th's  family. 

John  Fortescue,  by  his  steoiid  wife,  Susanna  Cbichester^  had  issue  Sir  Faith* 
ful  Fortescue,  who  removed  into  Ireland  early  in  the  reign  of  King  James  I.  and 
was  settled  at  Dromisken,  in  the  county  uf  Loath.  His  conduct  at  the  battle  of 
Edgehill  is  to  be  found  in  Clarendon.  He  lurvived  the  Restoration.  His  eldest 
ion,  Chichester,  was  ancestor  of  Sir  Chicheiter  Fortescue,  Ulster  King  of  Arms. 
His  second  son,  William,  settled  at  Newragh,  in  the  countyi  of  Louth,  and  dying 
1733,  ^^  issue;  Thomas  of  RandaUtown,  who  dying,  1 769,  aged  eighty-six,  left 
William-Henry,  hit  ton  and  heir,  who  was  advanced  to  the  Irish  Peerage,  by  the 
title  of  Lnrd  CUrmont,  1770;  created  aViftcount,  with  remainder  to  the  issue  male 
of  his  brother,  James,  1776;  and  Earl  of  Clermont,  1777.  He  died  1806,  and 
was  succeeded  as  Viscount  Clermont  by  his  nephew,  WilGam-ChArles  Fortescue. 

*  He  had  also  a  second  son  Levi,  who  had  three  sons ;  James,  Nicholas,  and 
Martin  ;  and  Mary,  wife  of  Robert  Yeo,  of  Heantcn  Sackvilte,  Esq.    JrchJaJL 
f  Pedigree  of  Rolle,  by  John  Warburion,  Esq.  Someisct  Herald. 

$  This  it  on  the  auihoiity  of  Archdairs  Irish  Peerage ;  for  former  editioi  §  of 
Collins  deduce  him  fzom  the  Irish  branch. 

^  Biogr.  Dist.  I.  ilj. 


U4  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

l678>  died  Unmarried  in  1702.  Sir  John,  second  bod^  was  bom 
March  7th,  167O}  educated  at  Oxford^  and  the  Inner  Temple,  of 
which  last  he  was  chosen  reader  17 16.  On  October  22d»  1714, 
he  was  appointed  Solicitor-General  to  the  Prince  of  Wales ;  and 
December  iGtb,  1716,  Solicitor-General  to  the  King;  appointed 
a  Baron  of  the  Exchequer,  January  24tb^  1717  >  and  May  I5tb, 
1718,  a  Judge  of  the  King's  Bench.  At  the  accession  of  George  II. 
his  commission  was  superseded.  However,  the  next  year  after, 
his  removal,  on  27th  January,  1728,  he  was  appointed  a  Judge  of 
the  Common  Fleas,  in  which  he  continued  till  Trinity  Term, 
1746,  when  he  resigned;  having  sat  in  the  superior  courts  of 
Westminster  for  the  long  period  of  thirty  years*  On  this  occasion 
he  was,  in  testimony  of  his  services,  created  Lord  Fortescue^  of 
Credan,  in  the  kingdom  of  Ireland,  by  patent  August  I5tb,  1746; 
which  honour  he  enjoyed  but  a  short  time,  dymg  J  9th  December 
following,  aged  seventy-six.  He  deservedly  had  the  name  of  one 
perfectly  read  in  the  Northern  and  Saxon  literature.  His  juridi- 
cal writings  were,  1.  Sir  John  Fortescue's  difference  between  an 
absolute  and  limited  Monarchy,  written  in  the  time  of  Hen.  VI. 
with  Remarks  by  the  Editor,  1714, 1719>  8vo.  2.  Law  Reports, 
1784,  fol.  posthumous.  3.  The  same  Preface  to  both  these 
works,  which  is  an  excellent  historical  treatise  in  commendation 
of  the  laws  and  constitution  of  England.^  His  eldest  son,  John, 
having  died  before  him  in  1742,  he  was  succeeded  by  his  son 
Dormer,  second  Lord  Fortescue,  on  whose  death  without  issUe^ 
178 1,  the  title  expired. 

4.  Joseph  Fortescue.     . 

5.  Samuel,  of  Ware,  who  left  a  son,  John,  father  of  Samuel 
Fortescae,  of  Ware. 

Arthur,  second  son,  before  mentioned,  married  a  daughter  of 
■   ■      Elford,  Esq.  and  had  issue  by  her  four  sons : 

1st.  Hugh,  of  FiUeigh,  of  whom  hereafter. 

2d.  John,  of  Penwarn,  in  Cornwall. 

3d.  Arthur,  (^  St.  Endar,  and  of  Penwarn,  who  died  in  Octo- 
ber, 1735,  leaving  a  son,  John. 

4th.  Joseph. 

Hugh  Fortescue,  of  Filleigh,  Esq.  the  eldest,  married,  first, 
Bridget^  sole  daughter  and  heir  of  Hugh  Boscawen,  of  Tregothnan, 
in  Cornwall,  by  Margaret  his  wife,  fifth  daughter,  and  at  length 
coheir  of  Theophilus  Clinton,  Earl  of  Lincoln  (whose  eldest  sister 
was  married  to  Robert  Rolle,  of  Heanton-Sackville-court,  in  com. 
Devon,  Esq.  and  dying  in  1667,  had  issue  by  her  Samuel  Rolle, 


EARL  FORTESCUE.  346 

Esq.  whoie  ide  daughter  and  heir^  Margaretj  was  married  ia 
1 724j  to  Robert,  Lord  Walpole^  afterwards  second  Earl  of  Or- 
ford,  and  was  mother  to  George,  the  third  Earl  of  Orford.) 

The  Ba^ohy  of  Clinton  being  therefore  in  abeyance.  King 
George  I.  conferred  it  on  Hugh  FortescoCy  Esq.  soo  and  heir  of 
the  before-mentioned  Hugh  and  Bridget,  by  writ  of  sammons  to 
parliament,  March  l6tb,  ly'^l,  who  thus  became  Loan  Clin* 
TON  j  and  he  took  his  seat  in  the  house  of  Peers,  as  the  ancient 
Barons  Clinton,  who  by  several  summonses  had  enjoyed  the  honour 
from  February  6th,  }2gS,  26  Edward  I.  On  April  ilth,  1721, 
he  was  constituted  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Gustos  Rotulorum  of 
Devonshire. 

In  1723,  his  Lordship  was  appointed  one  of  the  Lords  of  the 
Bed-chamber  to  the  King;  and,  ou  May  27th,  1725,  elected  a 
Knight  of  the  most  honourable  order  of  the  Bath*  At  his  late 
Majesty's  accession  to  the  throne,  he  was,  on  July  24th,  1727» 
appointed  one  of  the  Lords  of  his  Bed-chamber,  and,  on  October 
26th  following,  constituted  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Gustos  Rotulo« 
rum  of  Devonshire;  both  which  he  resigned  on  April  13th,  1733, 
On  July  5tb,  1 746,  his  Majesty  was  pleased  to  create  him  Lord 
FoRTEscuB,  Baron'  of  Castle  kill,  in  com.  Devon,  and  Earl 
Clinton,  with  limitation  of  the  barony  to  Matthew  Fortescne, 
Esq.  ills  brother  (by  his  father's  second  wife),  and  his  heirs  malej 
and  his  Lordship  deceasing  on  May  3d,  17^1,  was  succeeded  in 
the  barony  of  Castle-hill  by  his  brother  Matthew,  and  in  that  of 
Clinton,  by  Margaret,  Countess  Dowager  of  Orford  before  men- 
tioned; which  Barony  of  Clinton  will  be  more  particularly  treated 
of  in  Vol.  VI.  of  this  work. 

But  I  shall  now  take  notice,  that  their  father  had  also  issue  by 
bis  wife  Bridget, 

Boscawen  Fortescue,  second  son,  who  died  December  1st,  17i9» 
and  was  buried  at  Filleigh. 

Throphilus  Fortescue,  third  son,  who  was  chosen  for  the  bo- 
rough of  Barnstaple,  to  the  parliament  summoned  to  meet  on 
November  28th,  1727,  also  to  the  succeeding  parliament  in  1734, 
He  was  elected  one  of  the  Knights  for  Devonshire  in  1741,  died, 
unmarried  during  the  sitting  of  that  parliament,  on  March  12th, 
1745,  and  was  buried  at  Filleigh. 

Also  two  daughters;  1.  Margaret,  who  died  unmarried  in 
1760,  and  was  buried  at  Filleigh.  2.  Bridget,  who  died  unmar- 
ried in  April,  1742,  and  was  buried  at  Filleigh. 

The  said  Hugh  Fortescue  (Ear)  Clinton*s  father),  married,  to 


S46  PEEftAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

his  second  wife,  Lucy,  daughter  to  Matthevr,  firet  Lord  Aylracr, 
in  the  kingdom  of  Ireland  j  and  by  her,  who  died  February  i8tb, 
1767,  aged  eighty,  and  was  buried  at  Filleigh,  had  issue, 
Matthew,  second  Lord  Foriescue;  and  a  daughter, 
Lucy,  who  was  married  in  1742  to  the  Right  Honourable  Sir 
George  Lyttelton,  Bart,  late  Lord  Lyttelton,*  and  died  on  January 
19th,  174©. 

Which  Matthbw,  sbcond  Lord  Fobtbscue,  took  his  seat 
in  parliament  on  May  17th,  1751 .  His  Lordship  (who  was  High 
Steward  of  Barnstaple),  married  on  June  8th,  1752,  Anne,  se- 
cond danghter*^  to  John  Campbell,  of  Calder,  in  Scotland,  and 
of  Stakpole-court^  in  the  county  of  Pembroke,  Esq.  one  of  the 
Lords  Commissioners  of  the  Treasury^  and  by  her  Ladyship  bad 
issue, 

1 .  Hugh  Fortescue,  present  Earl. 

2.  Matthew,  boro  on  April  12th,  17^4;  a  superannuated  Cap- 
tain in  the  Navy,^  married  in  June,  1795,  Lady  Ackland^  widow 
of  Sir  T.  Ackland,  Bart. 

3.  John,  born  on  March  6th,  1755,  died  single  in  March, 
1773.     And, 

Lucy,  born  July  20lh,  1756,  and  married,  September  ', 
1778,  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Harrington. 

His  Lordship  died  July  8th,  17B5,  and  was  succeeded  by  his 
eldest  son, 

Hugh,  first  and  present  Earl  Fortescue,  born  March  I2tb, 
1753. 

His  Lordship  is  Lord  Lieutenant,  Gustos  Rotulornro,  and  Vice* 
admiral  of  Devonshire,  High  Steward  of  Barnstaple  and  South 
Moulton. 

His  Lordship  marked.  May  10th,  1782,  Hester  Grenville, 
sister  to  George,  Marquis  of  Buckingham,  K.  G.  by  whom  he 
has 

Hugh,  Viscount  Ebrington,  M.P.  for  Barnstaple,  1804,  IB06, 
in  the  Army,  born  February  13th,  1783. 

Hester,  bom  December  l/th,  1784j  married  May  26th,  1804, 
Peter,  Lord  King. 

Matthew,  born  in  August,  1786. 

George,  Cornet  in  the  14th  Light  Dragoons. 

1  She  wai  the  subject  of  that  Peer's  celebrated  Motndj, 
^  Aunt  to  Lord  Cawdor. 
>  He  has  a  son,  Matthew,  a  Lieutenant  in  the  Coldstream  regimsnt  of  Foot 
Guards,  who  must  have  been  by  a  former  wife. 


EARL  FORTESCUE.  34/ 

His  Lordship  was  advanced  to  the  dignities  of  Fiscount  Ebring" 
ton,  and  Earl  Fobt£scu£^  August  IStb,  IJSQ, 

*  ♦ 

Titles*     Hugh  Fortescue,  Lord  Fortescue^  Baron  of  Castle-hill,  . 
Viscount  Ebrington,  and  Earl  Fortescue. 

Creafions.  Baron  Fortescue,  of  Castle-hill,  July  5th,  1746,  20 
George  IL;  Viscount  Ebriugton^  and  Earl  Fortescue^  August  ISth, 
1789. 

Arms,    Azure,  a  Bend  ingrailed.  Argent^  cotized^  Or. 

Crest.    On  a  wreath,  a  plain  shield,  Argent. 

Supporters.  Two  greyhounds.  Argent,  each  having  a  dacal 
collar,  and  line.  Gules. 

Motto,    FoKTB  Scutum  Salus  Ducum.- 

Chief  Seati.  At  Filleigh^  and  at  Castle-hill,  both  in  Devon- 
shire,  . 


PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 


DIGBY,  EARL  DIGBY. 

Teb  eumame  of  this  ancient  and  honourable  famUy  *  ti  said  to 
be  originally  TiiTOK,  assumed  from  their  residence  at  ''Tilton, 
in  the  county  of  Leicester,  where  they  possessed  a  fair  estate  in 
the  reign  of  Henry  II.  in  whose  lime  lived  Sir  John  Tdlon,  who 
gave  certain  parcels  of  land  in  Billersdon  and  Kirby-Bellers,  in 
that  county,  to  the  lepers  of  St.  Lazarm  of  Jerusalem,  which  the 
King  confirmed  to  the  infirm  brethren  of  Burton-Lazars.  In 
1256,  40  Henry  III.  the  family  removing  from  Tilton  to  ^  Digby, 
in  the  county  of  Lincoln,  received  a  name  from  that  place,  which 
halh  ever  bIdcc  been  retained;  and  of  ibis  line  we  read  of 

John  Digby,  who'<  in  the  nth,  12th,  14th,  lath,  32d,  and 
33d  years  of  Edward  I.  was  a  Commissioner  for  the  gaol-delivery 
at  Warwick,  and  served  that  King  in  his  wars.  He  lies  buried  at 
Tilton,  under  a  tomb,  adorned  with  bb  cfGgies  at  full  lenglh,  and 
cross-legged,  holding  a  shield  of  his  anni  of  the  Fleur  de  lis,  with 
the  sun  and  moon  thereouj  and  this  line, 

Jekan  de  Dighy,  gist  icy,  praie%  pour  Uty, 

To  bim  succeeded  Robi&t  de  DJggeby,  to  whom,  in  the  reign 

■  There  it  a  rimoui  genalDgr  of  the  Digbjs  of  TlltoD,  amplci]  by  the  direc- 
ikm  of  Sic  Kenelm,  in  ifi]4,  it  the  eipenee  of  iiool.  PcDDint  im  fiimitbed 
with  the  UK  of  it  by  hi)  oei^bour,  Wukin  Williimi,  Eiq.   Sec  yoamij  tr  Lm- 

^  Lib.  nib.  f,  1)9.  b. '—  «  Ro*.  f,  40  Hcnrj  III.  ta.  7.  — — 

'  P(t.  de  iifd.  Aon.  in  4. 


EARL  DIGBT.  ug 

of  Henry  III.  William  Franceis  conveyed  certain  lands  in  Billen- 
don,  in  Leicestershire )  and  by  Catharine^  daughter  and  coheir  of 
Simon  Pakeman^  he  was  fether  of 

Simon,  otherwise  Ev&hakd  Digby,  Esq.  who  marrying  Agnes, 
daughter  of  John  Clarke^  and  widow  of  Richard  Seddale,  had 
issne* 

Etkhabd  Digby,  of  Tiiton,  and  three  other  sons,  who  all  in 
1440,  1  Edward  IV.  lost  their  lives  at  Towton-Field,  in  the  county 
of  York,  fighting  against  that  King,  on  the  part  of  his  unfortu- 
nate predecessor  Henry  VI. 

EvcBARD  Digby,  of  Tilton,  Esq,  (for  he  was  not  a  Knight,  as 
some  make  him),  was  '  also  possessed  of  the  lordship  of  Digby, 
and  the  manor  of  Stoke-Dry,  or  Drystoke,s  in  the  county  of  Rut- 
land, the  latter  whereof  descended  to  him  from  Richard  Digby, 
who  was  interred  in  the  church  there,  with  Agnes  his  wife,  who 
only  survived  him  a  few  days,  under  an  alabaster  gravestone,  with 
this  circnmscription : 

Hicjacent  Ricardus  DigH  et  j^gnes  Uxor 
Ejus,  qui  quidem  Ricardus  ohiit  xvW*.  die 
Mensis  Octohris,  et  Agnes  ohut  penuliimo 
Die  Mensis  Octohris,  Anno  Domini  M,  CCC, 
Septuagesimo  nono,  quorum  Animahus 
Propitietur  Deus,    Amen. 

In  1434,  12  Henry  VI.  the  King's  Commissioners  returned  the 
said  Everard  one  of  the  Gentry  of  the  county  of  Huntingdon,  in 
which  reign  be  was  Sheriff  and  Member  of  Parliament  for  the 
county  of  Rutland;  but  being  killed  in  the  said  battle  of  Towton, 
lie  left  issue  by  ^  Jaqueta,  daughter  and  coheir  to  Sir  John  Ellys, 
of  Devonshire,  seven  sons  and  a  daughter,  Baringoid,  married  to 
Robert  Hunt,  of  Lynden,  in  Rutlandshire,  living  20  Henry  VII. 
This  Jaqueta  ^  lies  buried  in  the  church  of  Stoke-Dry,  under  an 
alabaster  tomb,  adjoining  to  the  South  wall,  with  this  memorial 
round  the  verge ; 

•  Ex  vet.  Mcmbr. '  Wright't  Antiquhics  of  Rutland. 

S  Pennant  tayi,  Stokc-Dr j  descended  to  him  by  the  marriage  of  Evermni  Dig*- 
by,  Esq.  with  Agnei,  daughter  of  Francii  Cian,  of  Wyssenden  and  Stoke-Dry, 
Esq.     Jouniey  to  ZondoHf  p.  328. 

*  Visit,  com.  Leicest.  anno  1634.  }  Wrighi't  Antiq.  of  RutUnd. 


SMI  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Hicjacet  Jaqueta  JDighiy  qwmdam  Uxor  Eve: 
:rardi  Dighi  Armigeri,  qiut  quidem  obtit  vi: 
cessimo  nono  die  Mensis  Junii,  Anno  Domini  ^ 

M\  CCCC.  LXXXXVL     Cujus  Aninum  propilittur  Deu$. 

The  ^  seven  sons^  not  forgetting  the  Lancastrian  canse^  fought 
xesdutely  at  Botwortb,  against  King  Richard  III.  and  were^ 

1.  Sir  Everard,  of  whom  prcsentlj. 

2.  Sinion,  of  Coles-Hill^  in  the  county  of  Warwick,  ancestor 
to  the  Lord  Dighy. 

3.  Sir  John,  of  Eye-Kettleby,  in  the  ccAinty  of  Leicester^  w^o 
I  was  Imigbted  by  King  Henry  VII.  for  his  Bervioes  at  the  fidd 
of  Eosworth;  appointed  Knigbt-Mareschal  of  his  household; 
Steward  to  the  priory  of  Lewes,  in  Sussex;  Sheriff  in  1515,  for 
the  counties  of  Warwick  and  Leicester,  and  for  that  of  Rutland, 
in  the  years  1^91,  151/,  and  1523.  On  the  isrh  of  July,  1511, 
he  accompanied  Sir  Edward  Poynings,  Captain  of  1500  archers^ 
in  aid  of  Margaret,  Duchess  of  Savoy,  daughter  to  Maximilian 
the  Emperor,  Governess  of  Flanders  and  the  Low-Countries  ap- 
pertaining to  Charles,  the  young  Prince  of  Castile,  against  the 
Duke  of  Guelders,  when  they  performed  their  commission,  by 
restoring  peace  to  that  country.  In  1513,  he  attended  King 
Henry  VIII.  to  Calais,  and  fought  valiantly  in  the  battle  of  The- 
rouenne,  but  died  25  Henry  VIII.  having  a  monument  erected 
to  his  memory  at  ^  Frisby,  and  another  at  Melton,  where  he  lies 
buned,  both  adorned  with  his  coat-armour,  and  tbb  epitaph  on 
the  latter : 

'Of  your  Devotion  and  Charity, 

Say  a  Pater-noster  and  an  Ave. 

Tiiat  God  to  his  Grace  and  Light 

Receive  the  Soul  of  Sir  John  Dighy ,  Knight, 

And  of  Dame  Catharine  and  Dame  Anne  his  wives, 

Which  Sir  John  Dighy  died  Anno  DoK  1533. 

By  his  first  \rMc,  Catharine,  daughter  to  Sir  Nicholas  Griffin, 
of  Braybrook,  in  the  county  of  Northamplon,  Knight  of  the  Bath, 
he  had  two  sons,  William,  vho  left  no  issue;  Simon;  and  a 

k  Dugd,  Warw.  fo.  270.  1  Ibid. 

■  Burtoo*6  Leiceitcrsbite,  p.  tof. 


EARL  DIGBY.  85  i 

daughter,  EUiabetb,  married  to  Humphrj  Hercf,  of  Grofe,  ia 

Nottinghamshire,  Esq.  whose  son.  Sir  John  Hercy,  left  no  issue. 
Simon  Digby,  Esq.  was  pensiouer  to  KJng  Henry  VIII.  and 
Sheriff  of  the  county  of  Rutland^  in  1548  and  1555;  married  Ca- 
tharine, daughter  to  — — -  Clapharo,  of  Beamsley,  in  Yorksbite; 
and  deceasing  hk  156 1,  was  buried  under  a  monument  on  tho 
south  side  of .  North-Luffenham  church,  leaving  Rogbb  Digby, 
Esq.  who  settled  at  Luffenbam,  being  possessed  of  a  moiety  of 
that  manor.  He  married  Mary,  daughter  to  John  Cheney,  of 
Agmondisham,  in  the  county  of  Bucks,  Esq.  died  in  1582,  and 
was  buried  under  a  mnnument,  by  his  father,  leaving  James,  bia 
heir,  who,  by  his  first  wife,  Catharine,  daughter  to  Kenelm 
Dig  by,  of  Stoke-Dry,  bad  a  daughter,  Ursula,  married  to  Georgia 
Clifford,  of  Brackenburgh,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln,  Esq.  and  a 
son,  John  Digby,  of  Nortb-Luffenham,  Esq*  who  married  Mary> 
only  daughter  to  Richard  Martin,  of  Long-Melford,  in  Suffolk^ 
Esq.  (who  died  March  Btb,  l624],  by  his  secon^  wife,  Barbara, 
daughter  to  Thomas  Daniel,  of  Acton,  in  that  county,  Esq.)  and 
bad  James,  bis  successor,  who  marrying  Elizabeth,  daughter  to 
James  Ravenscroft,  Esq«  bad  five  sons,  and  four  daughters; 
James,  who  died  unmarried 3  John,  ancestor  to  the  Luffenbam 
branch;  George,  Joseph,  Simon;  Mary,  married  to  Maurice  Rich, 
merchant;  Elizabeth,  Catharine,  and  Magdalen. 

4.  Libaeos,  also  seated  at  Lufi'enham,  who  noarried  — — , 

daughter  of Hunt ;  their  son,  Thomas  Digby,  of  Coates, 

Esq.  bad  an  only  daughter,  Anne,  who  carried  a  good  estate  to 
her  husband,  John  Burton,  of  Stockerston,  in  the  county  of  Lei- 
cester, Esq.  by  whom  she  was  mother  of  Sir  Thomas  Burten« 
created  a  Baronet,  July  the  23d,  1622. 

5.  Rowland,  of  Wei  by,  in  the  county  of  Leicester,  who  be-* 
came  possessed  thereof  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VII.  by  marriage 
with  Agnes,  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Sheldon,  and  left  it  to  his 
son  John,  whose  posterity  continued  here  until  the  time  of  Jas.  1. 
when  it  was  sold  to  a  citizen  of  London. 

6.  Sir  Thomas  Dlgby,  seated  at  Oulncy,  in  the  county  of 
Bucks,  and  honoured  with  knighthood  by  King  Henry  VII.  on 
hb  victory  at  Bosworth,  who  also  made  him  a  Gentleman- usher 
of  his  Chamber,  and  conferred  on  him  the  Bailywick  of  Oulney, 
with  the  custody  of  the  Park  there;  and  his  daughter,  Catharine, 
was  first  married  to  Simon  Wheeler,  of  Kenilworth;  and,  se- 
condly, to  John  Fisher,  of  Packington-Magna,  Esqrs.  in  which 


151  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 


ehoich  she  lies  buried  by  him,  mider  a  monnmeot,  with  tbdr 
armg  impaled. 

7.  BenjamiD,  of  Bathlcjr,  in  the  coonty  of  Norfolk. 

Sir  EvaaAHD,  the  eldeit  sod  of  Everard  Digby^  Lord  of  TiltoD, 
and  Diystoke,  was  progenitor  to  the  families  of  Diystokej  in  the 
ooanty  of  Rndand,  aod  Saodoo,  in  the  oountj  of  Staffimd.  He 
yna  Sheriff  of  the  former  county  in  1450,  I486,  and  1499;  and 
from  the  25th  to  the  38tb  years  of  Henry  VL  induttre,  its  ie» 
presentative  in  parliament.  He  died  in  1509^'"  and  was  buried 
under  a  tomb  in  the  church  of  Tilton,  leaving 

Sir  EvBaAHO,  his  heir,  who  also  served  the  office  of  Sheriff  for 
the  said  county  io  1513, 1518,  1528,  and  1532,  and  for  Leieeater 
and  Warwick,  in  1531.  He  deceased  in  1540,  and  was  buried 
in  a  chapel  on  the  south  side  of  the  chancel  of  Diystoke  church, 
under  a  handsome  tomb,  supporting  the  figure  of  an  armed 
knight^  with  tbb  drcumscripUon; 

Hicjacet  Everardus  Dighy,  Miles  ^  obiii 
Undectmo  die  jipriUs,  Anno  Domini  CCCCC. 
XL,    Cujus  Animm  propiiiehtr  Deus,    Amen, 

He  married  Msiy,  daughter  to  Sir  John  Hejrdon,  and  had 
Kbnelm  Digby,  of  Drystoke,  Esq.  (by  some  falsely  made  a 
Knight),  also  Sheriff  of  the  county  of  Rutland  for  the  years  1541, 
J 549,  1554,  156],  1567,  and  1585,  and  representative  thereof  in 
parliament  fhxn  1  Edward  VI.  to  14  Eiiz.  inclusive,  (ie  mar-* 
ried  Anne,  daughter  to  Sir  Anthony  Cope,  of  Hanwell,  in  the 
county  of  Oxford,  Knt.  Vice*Chamberlain  to  Queen  Catharine, 
wife  of  Henry  Vf  H.  and  deceasing  in  159O,  was  buried  in  the 
chancel  of  Stoke-Dry,  adjoining  to  the  partition  wall  of  the  cba- 
pel,  where  bis  father  lay,  under  a  tomb,  with  this  memorial  on 
the  verge : 

^  Tbii  Sir  Everard  11  omitted  in  some  pedigrees,  tt  be  is  by  Mr.  Wright,  ia 
bis  Ul&tory  of  Rudandsbire,  and  other  copiers  from  bim)  but  their  mistake  (uc- 
caiioned  by  the  name  occurring  thrice  in  succession),  is  evident,  if  ic  be  consl- 
dsred  that  (supposing  him  to  be  omitted),  there  it  the  space  of  ico  yrari  between 
the  deaths  of  father  and  son,  vit.  Everard,  killed  at  Towton,  1440,  and  Sir  Eve- 
rard, who  died  in  1540. 

The  matter  is  indeed  now  decided,  by  the  copy  of  hit  curious  will,  piinted 
by  Pennant,  ut  supr.  p.  328,  329.  It  appears  thence,  that  he  had  another  son, 
John,  and  four  daughtcis;  Alice,  Ellen,  Kathaiine,  a  nun  at  Sempringham,  and 
Darnegold. 


I 


i- 
t 


EARL  DIGBY.  353 

Here  lye  the  Bo£e9  ofKenelm  Digby,  Esq* 
Which  Kenelme  deceased  the  21 .  of  April  ISQOy 
And  of  Anne  his  Wyfe,  which  Anne  deceased 
The 

ISXkd  under  their  arms,  impaled^  this  motto; 

Nul  que  Ung,  None  but  One. 

Their  issue  were  three  sons  and  one  daughter:  Brerard;  An«' 
thony,  of  Aston^  who  died  childless;  John^  of  8eaton>  both  in 
Rutlandshire;  and  Anne^  married  in  Aprils  156/^  to  Sir  Edward 
Watson^  of  Rockingham -castle^  in  the  county  of  Northampton: 
and  she  deceasing  February  the  l^th^  l6l  Ij  was  mother  of  Lewis> 
created  Lord  Rockingham. 

EvBRAKD^  the  eldest  son>  being  educated  in  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge,  took  the  degree  of  A.  M.  and  was  Fellow  of  that 
House;  a  person  of  learning,  and  publisher  of  several  books.^ 
He  died  at  Drystoke,  in  or  about  the  year  1593,  having  issue  bj 
Maiy^v  daughter  and  coheir  to  Francis  Nele,  of  Prestwould,  ^d 
widow  of  Sampson  Erdeswick,  of  Sandon,  in  Stafibrdshire,  Esqrs; 
three  sons  and  two  daughters.  1.  Sir  Everard,  his  heir.  2; 
George.  3.  John.  4.  Mary,  married  to  Sir  Robert  Wright; 
otherwise  ReeTe>  of  Thwaite,  in  the  aforesaid  county^  and  Eli- 
zabeth. » 

George,  the  second  son,  was  seated  at  Sandon,  and  his  only  sur-> 
▼iving  child,  Jane,  was  first  married  to  Charles,  the  fourth.  Lord 
Gerard,  of  Gerard's-Bromley,  and  had  an  only  son,  Digby,  the 
fifth  Lord$  and,  secondly,  to  Sir  Edward  Hungerford,  and  died 
in  November,  l603.<i 


•  See  tbeir  titles  in  Biogr^  Dictionary,  V.  44. 

f  She  waf  born  in  15^9^  and  was  great  grand -daughter  to  Sir  Christopher 
Nele,  by  his  wife^  Mary,  daughter  0/  John  Digby,  of  Walby,  before  men- 
tioned. 

\  This  accomplished  Lady  (says  Dr.  Plot,  in  hit  Natural  History  of  Stafford- 
shire), by  her  most  exquisite  sagacity,  and  perspicacious  insight  into  the  mosc  hid- 
den recesses  of  nature,  first  discovered  the  restorative  virtues  of  the  well  in  Wil- 
loughbridge  Park  (where  no  less  than  threescore  springs  lie  within  cbe  space  ot 
ten  yards  s^uare)^  and,  at  her  charitable  expence,  inclosed  several  of  the  springs 
with  square  stones,  to  preserve  them  pure  and  fie,  both  for  bathing  and  drink- 
ing ;  and  divers  apartments  were  built  for  lodging  the  poorer  sort  of  diseased  im- 


iM  PEERAQB  OF  ENGLAND. 

Sir  £v£H ABD  Pifbj,  the  eUcst  m,  born  in  1581,  wat  faughtcd ' 
by  King  Jaqiet  J.  wdt  oQe  pf  the  moit  b^utifiil  men  of  Ms  time, 
and  by  the  aocompluibipepts  of  ^i«  mind,  reputed  one  of  the 
finest  gentlemen  in  England  j'  but  being  drawn  (as  Camden  says) 
into  the  Powder- Plot^  was  much  pitied^  for  that  it  was  his  ill  fate 
to  suffer  for  it,  by  being  convicted  the  %7^»  and  executed  the 
30th  of  January,  iG05,  at  the  west  end  of  St.  Paul's  church,  aged 
twenty-four  years."  H*  married  Mary,  daughter  and  heir  to  Wil« 
liam  Mulsho,  of  Gothurst,  in  the  county  of  Bucks,  £aq.  with 
whom  b^  had  a  gr^t  fortune,  and  left  two  sons  j 

I,  SirKeaelm.    Andj 

%.  Sir  John  Digby,  Knight,  who  very  readily  served  King 
CbarW  I*  '^^  whose  army  he  was  a  Colonel,  and  a  Major-General 
]|i  the  weelem  parts  of  England,  and  was  killed  in  his  Majesty's 

•ervioe. 

Sir  KBirf  CM  Digby,  the  elder  son,  was  seated  at  Gothurst,  his 
motbei^a  inberitange,  where  he  was  born  June  llth,  i603,  and 
about  tbQ  year  l6|8  (aays  Ant.  a*Wood),  was  sent  to  Gloucester* 
Hall,  in  Oaford,  after  he  bad  been  trained  up  in  the  Protestant 
idigioq  under  the  direction  of  Archbishop  Laud,  then  Dean  of 
Qloooester  (whichi  in  l636,  he  left  for  thai  of  Rome),  and  com- 
outted  to  the  car^  of  Mr,  Thomas  Allen,  one  <^  the  most  learned 
men  of  those  times,  who,  discerning  the  natural  strength  of  bis 
fiicoltiea,  directed  him  in  the  right  method  of  applying  his  won-^ 
derfiii  capacity,  which  he  frequently  compared  to  that  of  the 
€eld>raled  wH  of  Italy,  Picus  de  Mirandala,  by  saying,  that  Ae* 
WM  tht  JUir^mdula  of  hi$  age.  He  continued  tbore  a  Gentlemao** 
Commoner  above  two  years,  and  then  trarelUng  for  a  tiime  in 
France,  Spain,  and  Italy,  received  the  honour  of  knighthood  at 
bis  return,  Ocober  28th,  l623,  from  the  King,  at  Hinching* 
tooke. 

.potent  people  ]  to  that  it  it  hard  to  determine  whether  die  world  stands  more  in- 
debted to  her  Ladyship's  philcsophical  or  theological  Tinues;  whether  to  her 
knowledge  u  irst  finder,  or  her  piety  as  founder  of  thooe  sanative  wells, 
r  See  his  life  in  Biogr.  Diet,  ut  lupr.  V.  44. 
•  Religion  was  the  only  motiTe  of  Sir  ETerard's  engagement  in  the  Gnnpow* 
der-plot,  as  he  acknowledged  at  his  trial;  to  introdace  which  he  resolved  to  hazatd 
bis  life  and  eiute;  protesting,  that  if  he  had  thought  there  had  been  the  least 
sin  in  the  plot,  he  would  not  have  been  of  it  for  all  the  world  $  and  the  reason 
why  he  kept  it  secret  was,  because  tkey,  who  were  best  abk  to  judge  of  the  law- 
fulness of  it,  had  been  acquainted  with  it,  and  given  way  unto  it;  and  therefore, 
afteiwards,  he  calls  it  the  best  cause. 


EARL  DIGBY.  355 

In  the  beginning  of  King  Charles's  reign,  he  was  made  a  Gen- 
denaan  of  the  Bedchamber;  was  a  Commissioner  of  the  Navj; 
and  some  disputes  having  happened  with  the  Venetians,  in  the 
Mediterranean,  by  which  the  English  trade  suffered,  at  well  at 
bjp  the  depredations  of  the  Algerines,  he  was  appointed^  in  1028, 
commander  of  a  small  squadron,  destined  to  the  Levant  (at  which 
time  he  was  styled,  a  secretiori  Conclavi  ad  Carolum  I.  et  in  Re* 
bus  Maritimis  Administrator  pr^gcipuusj,  and  acquired  great 
honour  by  his  gallant  behaviour  at  Algier,  in  taking  several  armed 
vessels,  redeeming  many  English  slaves,  and  (June  l6th)  by 
bearing  up  so  bravely  in  the  resolute  attack  of  the  Venetian  fleet, 
with  a  very  inferior  force,  in  the  Bay  of  Scanderoon,  whereby  he 
brought  the  Venetians  also  to  reason. 

When  the  civil  wars  broke  out,  he  shewed  himself  active  for 
the  King;  and  in  1639,  with  the  Abbot  Walter  Montagu,  was 
employed  by  the  Queen,  to  prevul  with  the  Roman  Catholics 
for  a  liberal  contribution  to  raise  forces  against  the  Scots;  for 
which,  and  other  services,  he  was  imprisoned  by  the  Parliament, 
in  Winchester-House,  London,  until  released  August  3d,  1643, 
upon  certain  conditions,  at  the  intercession  of  the  Queen-Dow- 
ager of  France,  who  wrote  a  letter,  with  her  own  hand,  in  his 
favour,  whereupon  he  retired  to  that  kingdom;  but  returning 
afterwards  to  England,  in  order  to  compound  for  his  estate,  he 
was  (notwithstanding  his  composition),  voted  by  the  Parliament 
to  depart  the  Commonwealth,  and  not  return  without  leave,  un- 
der pain  of  death,  and  confiscation  of  his  estate;  and  during  his 
exile,  being  Chancellor  to  Henrietta-Maria,  the  Queen  Mother 
of  England,  she  sent  him  her  Envoy  from  France,  to  Pope  Jnno- 
nocent  the  Xth ;  afler  which  he  is  said  to  temporise  with  Crom- 
well, tnd  promote  his  interests'. 

This  "  Magazine  of  all  Arts,**  or  (as  Edward  Leigh,  in  his 
Treatise  of  Religion  and  Learning,  page  180,  called  him),  the 
Ornament  of  England,  wrote  several  learned  books;  was  a  great 
benefactor  to  the  Bodleian  library,  by  presenting  to  it,  in  l633,  a 
large  collection  of  MSS.;  recovered  the  reputation  of  his  family, 
and  rendered  it  famous  through  the  Christian  world.  He  re- 
turned to  England  in  166\ ;  was  appointed  one  of  the  Council  on 
the  first  settlement  of  the  Royal  Society,  and  died,  at  his  house  in 
Covent-Garden,  on  his  birth  day,  June  Uth,  \665,  act.  62,  and 
was  buried  in  a  vault,  built  at  his  own  charge,  under  the  east  end 
of  the  South  aisle  of  Christ-Church,  within  Newgate,  London, 


U6  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

with  hii  wifej  Veneda/  daughter  and  coheir  to  Six  Edward  Stan* 
ley  (grandson  to  Edward,  Earl  of  Derby),  of  Tooge-Castle,  ia 
Shropshire^  Knight  of  the  Bath;  by  bb  wife,  the  Lady  Loqr 
Percy,  daughter  and  coheiT  to  Thocnas,  Earl  of  Northumberland, 
to  whose  memory  he  had  erected  a  stately  altar-monoment  of 
black  marble,  with  her  bust,  of  copper,  gilt,  fixed  thereto,  tbos 
iDscribed: 

Insig.  prceclariss.  Domiiue  D.  Fenetue  Digby  2 
Fandlia  Siankyorum,  Com,  Darbuf,  ex  parte 
Pairisg  et  Perciorum,  Com,  Northumbrue, 
Matemojure,  aUisque  quamplurmis  ChrisHan^ 
Orhis  Pfindpibus  ormnd^. 

The  year  afler  his  barial  the  monument  was  de&ced,  when  the 
church  itself  was  burnt  in  the  dismal  coofiagration,  which  then 
happened  in  London ;  and  the  following  lines  were  composed,  by 
way  of  epitaph,  for  him: 

Under  this  Tomb  the  matchless  Diobt  lies, 
DioBY  the  Great,  the  Valiant,  and  the  Wise; 
This  Age's  wonder  for  bis  noble  Pans, 
Skill*d  in  six  Tongues,  and  leam'd  in  all  the  Arts; 


>  Pennant  speaks  of  a  faaons  picture  of  Venetja,  Ladj  Digbjr,  **  ia  a  Romaa 
babit,  fvith  curled  Idcks.  In  one  band  is  a  serpent,  the  other  is  on  a  pair  of 
white  doves.  She  is  painted  at  Windsor  in  the  tame  emblematic  manner,  but  in 
t  diflfereat  dress*  and  with  aceompanymentSy  explanatory  of  the  emblems.  The 
doves  shew  her  innoceacy  j  the  serpent,  which  she  handles  with  impunity,  shews 
her  triumph  over  the  enTenomed  tongues  of  the  times.  We  know  not  the  par* 
ticaltrs  of  the  story.  Lord  Clarendon  most  allude  to  her  exculpation  of  the 
charge,  whatsoever  it  was,  when  he  mentions  her,  ss  *  a  Lady  of  eztraordinarj 
beauty,  of  at  extraordinary  fame.*  In  the  same  picture  is  a  genius  about  to 
place  a  wreath  on  her  bead.  Beneath  her  is  a  Ctipid  prostrate;  and  behind  him 
is  Calumny  with  two  faces,  flung  down,  and  boi^nd  ;  a  beautiful  compliment  to 
her  victory  over  malevolence.  Sir  Kenelm  was  so  enamoured  with  her  beauty, 
that  he  was  said  to  have  attempted  to  exalt  her  charms  by  a  variety  of  whimsical 
experiments.  Among  others,  that  of  feeding  her  with  capons  fed  with  the  flesh 
of  vipers;  and  that  to  improve  her  complexion,  he  was  perpetually  inventing  new 
cosmetics.  Probably  she  fell  a  victim  to  these  arts ;  for  she  was  found  dead  in 
bed.  May  ist,  1633,  set.  33.**  Jtmrmy  to  Lmdcnt  335.  There  is  a  print  of 
Lady  Vcaetia,  and  another  of  her  mother,  ia  H^Jmg*t  S'ngr,  JSrrw%  Vol.  lU* 


EARL  DIGBY.  357 

Born  on  the  Day  he  died^  th*  Eleventh  of  Jane, 

And  that  Day  bravely  fought  at  Scanderoon; 

It's  rare  that  one  and  the  same  Day  should  be 

His  Day  of  fiirth,  of  Death,  of  Victory.  R.  Ferrar. 

'*  Sir  Kenelm  Digby  (says  the  noble  historian)  was  a  person 
very  eminent  and  notorious  throughout  the  whole  course  of  hit 
life,  from  his  cradle  to  his  grave:  of  an  ancient  family,  and  noble 
extraction ;  and  inherited  a  fair  and  plentiful  fortune^  notwith- 
standing the  attainder  of  his  father.    He  was  a  man  of  a  very  ex- 
traordinary person  and  presence,  which  drew  the  eyes  of  all  men 
upon  him;  which  were  more  fixed  by  a  wonderful  graceful  beha« 
viour,  a  flowing  courtesy  and  civility,  and  such  a  volubility  of 
language,  as  surprised  and  delighted;  and  though  in  another  man 
it  might  have  appeared  to  have  somewhat  of  affectation,  it  was 
marveUoos  graceful  in  ^im,  and  seemed  natural  to  his  size,  and 
mould  of  his  person,  to  the  gravity  of  his  motion,  and  the  cone 
of  his  voice  and  delivery.    He  had  a  fair  reputation  in  arms,  of 
which  he  gave  an  early  testimony  in  his  youth,  in  some  encoun- 
ters in  Spain  and  Italy,  and  afterwards  in  an  action  in  the  Me- 
diterranean Sea,  where  he  had  the  command  of  a  squadron  of 
ships  of  war,  set  out  at  his  own  charge,  under  the  King's  commis- 
sion; with  which,  upon  an  injury  received,  or  apprehended  from 
the  Venetians,  he  encountered  their  whole  fleet,  killed  many  of 
their  men,  and  sunk  one  of  their  galeasses;  which  in  that  drowsy 
and  unactive  time,  was  looked  opon  with  a  general  estimation, 
though  the  crown  disavowed  it.    In  a  word,  be  had  all  the  ad- 
vantages that  nature,  and  art,  and  an  excellent  education,  could 
give  him,  which,  with  a  great  confidence  and  presentness  of  mind^ 
buoyed  him  up  against  all  those  prejudices  and  disadvantages  (as 
the  attainder  and  execution  of  his  fether  for  a  crime  of  the  highest 
nature 3  his  own  marriage  with  a  Lady,  though  of  an  extraordi- 
nary beauty,  of  as  extraordinary  a  fame ;  his  changing  aqd  re- 
changing  his  religion ;  and  some  personal  vices,  and  licences  in 
bis  life),  which  would  have  suppressed  and  sunk  any  other  man^ 
toot  never  clouded  or  edipsed  him,  from  appearing  in  the  best 
places,  and  the  best  company,  and  with  the  best  estimation  and 
satisfaction.** 

**  Sir  Kenelm  Digby  (adds  Dr.  Kippis)  seems  to  have  ob- 
tained a  reputation  that  was  beyond  his  merit.  He  was  undoubt- 
edly a  roan  of  strong  natural  abilities,  and  posse&sed  of  consider- 
able learningi  but  be  has  no  claim  to  the  character  of  a  soond 


358  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

phUosophcr.  Hw  notions  were  vitiooary,  and  bis  credulity  very 
great ;  besides  which,  we  are  tfraid  that  his  veracity  may  some- 
times be  called  in  question.  It  is  not  easy  to  give  credit  to  aU 
which  he  relates  concerning  his  Sympathetic  Powder;  and  it  ia 
still  more  difficult  to  believe  his  story  of  the  transmnUtions  of  a 
fixed  salt,  though  he  asserted  that  he  had  experienced  them  hina^ 
self.  We  admire  the  candour  of  our  ingenious  predecessor  in  hia 
narration  of  these  matter%  but  we  cannot  pay  an  equal  compli- 
ment to  his  judgment:*'" 

By  Venetia,  his  Lady  (who  was  found  dead  in  bed^  leaning  her 
head  on  her  hand).  Sir  Kendm  had  two  sons;  Kenelm;  John; 
and  a  daughter,  Margery,  married  to  Edward  Dudley,  of  Clopton, 
in  the  county  of  Northampton,  Esq. 

Kenblm,  the  elder  son,  a  youfig  Gentleman  of  great  hopes, 
appeared  for  the  King,  July  7th,  1648,  with  the  Duke  of  Buck- 
ingham, and  others,  under  the  Earl  of  Holland,  near  Kingston, 
in  Surrey,  but  being  attacked  before  they  could  well  form,  they 
were  obliged  to  retreat^  and  being  surprised  at  St.  Neots,  in 
Huntingdonshire,  by  Colonel  Adrian  Scrope*s  regiment  of  horse, 
were,  after  a  gallant  defence,  totally  routed,  and  he  was  killed  on 
the  spot. 

JoHjf  Digby,  Esq.  his  brother,  succeeded  at  Gothorst,  and 
married,  first,  Catharine,  eldest  surviving  daughter  to  Henry, 
Earl  of  Arundel,  Norfolk,  and  Surrey,  aster  of  Thomas  Howard, 
restored  to  the  Dukedom  of  Norfolk;  and,  secondly,  Margaret, 
fourth  daughter  to  Sir  Edward  Longueville,  of  Wolverton,  in 
Bucks,  by  Margaret,  daughter  to  Sir  Thomas  Temple,  of  Stow, 
Baronet,  and  by  her  be  had  two  daoghten,  coheirs. 

1.  Margaretta-Maria,  first  wife  to  Sir  John  Conway,  of  Bodry* 
than,  in  Flintshire,  Bart,  by  whom  she  had  one  son,  Henry  (who 
died  before  his  father,  leaving  an  only  child,  Honora,  married  to 
Sir  John  Glynne,  of  Hawarden-Castle,  in  the  same  county,  Bart) 
and  one  daughter,  Margaretta,  married  to  Sir  Thomas  Loogue« 
ville,  of  Eastclusham,  in  the  county  of  Denbigh,  Bart. 

2.  Charlotta-Theophila,  bom  in  )67J,  was  ooarried  in  1687  to 
Richard  Mostyn,  of  Penbcddw,  youngest  son  of  Sir  Roger  Mos- 
tyn,  of  Mostyn,  Bart,  died  March  17th,  l6g3,  and  was  buried, 
under  a  marble  monument,  in  the  church  of  Nannerch,  Flintshire* 
having  one  son,  Richard,  and  three  daughters >  Penelope,  who 
died,  a  nun,  abroad  -,  Bridget,  married  to  Lytton  Lytton,  of  Kneb- 

^  Biograpbia  Biituuiicai  V.  197. 


EAAL  DIGBY.  Mg 

wortkt  io  Herlfordabire,  Esq.  who  died  withoal  i«ne;  and  ChaN 
lolta,  to  Richard,  third  and  youngest  aon  of  Sir  WilHsini  Williama^ 
ofLlaiidTorda,  in  Shropshire,  and  broiher  to  the  late  Sir  Watkyd 
WiUianw  Wynne,  fi«rt.> 

I  now  proceed  with  Sir  Siiion  Digby,  second  soo  of  Sir  Eve- 
nrd^  who  was  killed  at  Towtdn-Field,  antestor  to  the  Lord 
Digbj.  Which  Simon,  seeing  the  House  of  York  prevail,  be* 
hsfcd  8o  obsequiously  to  King  Edward  IV.  that  in  14^7,  he 
received  from  him  the  honour  of  Krdghihaodf  with  the  anouity 
of  ten  pounds,  issuing  out  of  Retford  Mills,  in  the  county  of  Not- 
dBgham,  as  a  recompence  of  his  faithful  services j  and  within 
two  years  after,  pro  hcno  el  commodifero  ServUio,  quad  idem,  Si« 
sikon  muiiimodis  lahorihus  et  expensis  nobis  feraniea  et  muUipli^ 
dter  impendit  (as  the  King  expresseth  himself),  had  the  forestef' 
ahip  of  Thomewoods,  in  the  southern  part  of  Shirewood-Foreir, 
conferred  on  him  for  life,  with  the  fee  of  fbur*pence  a  day :  yet, 
DO  sooner  did  the  Earl  of  Richmond  appear  in  England,  though 
but  with  slender  forces,  than  he  and  his  six  valiant  bi'olhers  joined 
him,  and  stoutly  fought  for  him,  at  Bosworth,  against  King  Ri- 
chard III.  when  that  Usurper  being  slain,  and  the  Earl  crowned 
in  the  field,  by  the  name  of  Henry  VII.  he  rewarded  the  faithful 
services  of  the  Digbys  as  before  related,  and  considering  Sir  Simon 
as  a  principal  actor  in  that  decisive  battle,  he  made  him,  in  the 
first  year  of  his  reign  (1485),  Steward  of  the  Lordships  of  Up- 
pingham, Preston,  Barrooghdon,  Esenden,  and  Gretham,  in  the 
county  of  Rutland,  with  aU  the  lands  in  that  shire,  which  had 
bdonged  to  George,  Duke  of  Clarence,  to  hold  for  life ;  and  also 
Steward  and  Receiver  of  the  manor  of  Bedale,  in  Yorkshire. 

The  next  year  he  was  a  Commander  for  the  King,  at  the  battle 
of  Stoke,  against  the  famous  impostor  Lambert  Simnel,  who  war 
entirely  routed  3  in  consideration  of  which,  and  other  services, 
the  King,  in  1487,  gave  to  him,  and  bis  heits  nude,  the  manor  of 
Bavysbufy,  in  Surreys  appointing  him  also,  the  next  year,  Comp« 
trdler  of  the  Petty  Customs  in  the  Port  of  London,  and  confirm- 
ing him  in  the  fbrestership  of  Thomeweods.  hy  patent,  dated 
Mt  Westminster,  December  23d,  14^5  (11  Henry  VII.)  the  King 
granted  to  him,  and  his  heirs  male,  the  Lordship  of  Ooles-HUl, 
in  the  ooont}'  of  Warwick^  upon  the  confiscation  ci  Sir  Simon 


>  See  4  print  of  Qothust  (which  was  soU  to^Ocorgc  Wrifht)  Ei^  in  ilo^U 
in  Famantf  «t  tupr. 


360  PEERAGB  OF  ENGLAND. 

Montfort,  the  preceding  year,  which  hath  ever  tiooe  contintied 
the  principal  residence  of  hb  family;  he  being,  at  that  tiine» 
Deputy  to  John,  Earl  of  Oxford,  Constable  of  the  Tower  of  Lon- 
don. In  I4g6,  he  waa  commissioned  to  exercise  martial  law  in 
the  counties  of  Devon  and  Cornwall,  against  diven  malefactors; 
and  in  1506,  was  the  tot  in  Commission  for  the  Peace  in  the 
county  of  Warwick,  as  the  next  year  he  was  for  the  Gaol- Delivery 
at  Warwick;  and  by  his  Majesty*s  grants  of  these  several  offices 
and  estates,  his  posterity  grew  considerable,  and  much  in  favour 
with  succeeding  Princes. 

In  1509  ^^^  ^^^7y  he  was  Sheriff  of  the  counties  of  Leicester 
and  War\?7ick)  and  by  his  last  will,  bearing  date  August  23d, 
1517,  ordered  bis  body  to  be  buried  in  the  chancel  of  Ck>les*Hili 
church,  under  rhe  tomb  made  by  himself,  which  still  renaains; 
and  deceasing  Februaiy  27th,  1519,  was  there  buried,  by  his 
Lady,  with  this  memorial: 

Hie  jacent  Corpora  St^tnonis  Digby  Armigeri, 
ei  AUcie  Uxoris  efus,  qui  quidem  Simmon  obUt 
xxvii  die  Februarii  Anno  Dom.  Mll\  OCCCCXIX. 
Et  Dicta  Alicia  obiii-^die^Anno  Dom.  M.CCCCC. 

She  was  daughter  and  heir  to  John  Walleys,  of  East-Radston, 
in  Devonshire,  Esq.  and  their  issue  were  two  sons,  and  thrae 
daughters;  viz. 

1.  Reginald,  his  heir. 

2.  Thomas,  of  Mansfield-Woodhouse,  in  the  county  of  Not- 
tingham, whose  descendant,  John  Digby,  Esq.  was  Member  o 
Parliament  for  East-Retford,  in  the  reigns  of  Queen  Anne  and 
George  I.  and  left  a  son,  John,  who  died  without  issue;  and  two 
daughters,  who  became  coheirs  to  their  brother  \  Frances,  mar- 
ried in  1726,  to  Sir  Thomas  Legard,  of  Canton,  in  Yorkshire, 
Bart,  (father  of  Sir  Digby  Legard) ;  and  Philadelphia,  May  dlst, 
1730,  to  Sir  George  Cayley,  of  Brompton,  in  the  said  county, 
Bart. 

The  three  daughters  were,  Catharine,  married  to  Anthony 
Worth,  of  Worth,  Esq.;  Agnes,  to  William  Tracy,  of  Todding^ 
ton,  Esq.;  and  Alice,  to  Robert  Clifton,  Esq.  and  lies  buried 
nnder  a  flat  marble,  in  the  chancel,  at  Coles-Hill,  with  her  effi- 
gies engraven  thereon,  in  the  dress  of  the  times,  and  this  drcum- 
fcription : 


j:arldigby.  aai 

Cf  your -Charity  y  pray  f&r  the  Soul  ofAUee 
Clifton,  late  the  Wyjfe  of  Robert  Clifton,  Esq.  and 
Daughter  of  Simon  Digby,  Esq.    .  JVhich  Alice 
Died  the  Year  of  our  Lord  God  M.CCCCC.XL. 
On  wh^se  Soule  Jku  have  Mercy.   .Amen, 

Rbginald  Digby>  of  Coles-Hill,  Warwickshire,  the  elder  son, 
was  Sheriff  of  the  coonty  of  Leicester,  for  the  26tb  and  36tb  years 
of  Henry  Vf  II.  married  Anne,  daughter  and  coheir  to  John  Dan- 
vers/  of  Cakhorpe,  in  Oxfordshire,  Esq.  and  lies  buried  at  the 
entianoe  into  the  chancel,  at  Coles-Hill,  on  the  right  hand,  under 
a  cross  tomh,  with  the  portraitures  of  Imn  and  his  wife,  one  son, 
and  four  daughters,  and  this  inscription : 

y  Under  here  Ueth  the  Bodies  of  Reginald  Digby,  Esq. 
And  Anne  his  Wyfe,  the  which  Reginald  died  the 
xxvtt.  Day  of  April,  in  the  Year  of  our  Lord  M,D.XLIX. 
And  the  said  Anne  died  the-^Day  of^-^whose 
Souls  Jhu  pardon.    Amen, 

Of  the  daughters,  Anne  was  married  to  Ralph  Brome,  of  Wod* 
low,  in  Warwickshire,  Esq.  whose  son,  Reginald,  married  £liza« 
beth,  daughter  to  Thomas  Skeffington,  of  Ske£5ngcon,  Esq.  And 
the  son, 

John  Digby,  Esq.  succeeding  at  Coles-Hill,  married  Annc» 
eldest  daughter  to  Sir  George  Throgioorton,  of  Coughton,  in  the 
county  of  Warwick,  Knt.  by  his  wife,  Catharine,  daughter  to 
Nicholas,  Lord  Vaux,  of  Harrowden,  and  they. lie  buried  in 
the  north  side  of  the  said  chance),  with  this  memorial  on  their 
tomb: 

*Here  lyeth  the  bodies  of  John  Diggely  of  Coleshill,  Esq. 
And  Anne  his  Wyfe,  one  of  the  daughters  of  George 
Throgmorton,  Knt.     Which  John  deceased  the  jrv'*  of 
Nov.  and  the  said  Anne  the  xx^.  of  Dec.  in  the 
Year  of  our  Lord  God  M.D.LVIIL     Upon  whose 
Soules  Jhue  have  Mercy,    Amen. 

Sir  Gborgb  Digby,  their  son,  received  the  honour  of  knight- 
ood,  28  Eliz.  from  Robert,  Earl  of  Leicester,  for  the  service  he 

y  Dugdale'i  Warw.  V»;I.  II.  fol.  1017.  *  I*»»«l« 


ato  PBERA6S  or  SN6LAND. 

performed  at  the  siege  ef  Zatfhem,  ia  Fkoden/  and  married 
AbigaiU  daoghter  to  Sir  Arthur  Hefeoingham  (Tulgb  Heiuiiiig- 
ham),  of  Ketteringfaam^  in  Korfolk,  Knigbt-Baoocret  (who  ro- 
married  with  Edward  Cordell,  Esq.)  and  thef  also  lie  huried  at 
Cole8*Hil],  ander  a  tomfa^  in  the  loath-eail  coniar  nf  the  chanceiy 
thus  inscribed: 

^Here  lyeih  inierred  Sir  George  Dighy,  wh  died  the  4IA 
Of  Fehf  1586.    He  marriei  AbigeU,  damgkUr  of  Sir 
Arihwr  Henningkam,  Knigki^Bannerei,  by  tiriMi 
He  had  issue  George,  who  died  young;  Sir  Bohert 
Dighy,  who  succeeded  his  father;  PhUip  his 
Third  son,  John  his  fourth  son,  created  Earl  ^ 
Bristol  by  King  James;  Eliz.  married  to  Sr 
Baldwin  Wake,  Knight^  Baronet* 

Sr  Bobert»  the  second  son,  was  ancestor  to  the  Lord  Digbj. 

JoHii>  the  youngest,  created  Earl  of  Bristol,  was  bom  at  Coles^ 
HUl,  in  February  1580;  and  admitted,  for  bis  education^  into 
Magdalen-College,  Oxford,  in  1595;  after  which,  travelling  into 
nance  and  Italy,  he  became  so  singularly  qualified,  that  when 
lie  was  sent  to  Court  by  the  Lord  Harrington,  to  intimate  to  the 
King  the  designed  insurrection  of  the  Gunpowder-Conspiraton, 
on  Dunsmore-Heatb,  to  seize  the  Princess  Elizabeth,  that  Prince, 
diaceming  his  abilities  and  fidelity,  admitted  him  a  Gentleman  of 
Us  Privy  Chamber,  and  one  of  his  Carven^  in  \605,  having  been 
cieated  A.  M.  the  30th  of  August,  in  that  year,  when  his  Majestj 
visited  Oxford.  On  the  15th  of  March  ensuing,  he  was  knighted, 
and  in  April,  1611,  sent  Ambassador  into  Spain,  as  he  was  again 
in  3614,  and  so  continued  until  Sir  FBincis  Cottington  was  aoit 
thither,  January  the  3d,  1615,  to  call  him  home,  where  he  arrived 
about  the  middle  of  March^  and  was  appointed,  April  3d,  1616, 
Vice-Chamberlain  of  the  Household,  and  was  sworn  of  the  Privy* 
Council.  On  April  l6th,  1617^  he  was  commissioned  to  treat  of 
a  marriage  between  Prbce  Charles  and  the  Infanta  Maria,  daugh- 
ter to  Philip  III.  King  of  "^Spain,  which  was  entrusted  to 


•  He  died  teisetf  in  fee  of  the  aunor  of  Colet-Hill,  Ice*  and  also  of  Sbeldoa^ 
hi  the  conncy  of  Warwick,  which  he  had  purchased  from  Henry  Grey,  Es^ 
leaving  them  to  hit  ion,  Robert,  then  above  tweht  ycart  of  age ;  who,  for  the 
corroboration  of  hit  title»  obuined  a  patent,  dated  Noireaber  I5tb,  lao^,  coa« 
firming  the  premiiet  to  him  and  hit  heirt,  tance  whea  hit  posterity  h«ih  enjoyed 
them* 

b  Dugdak't  Warw.  Vol.  U.  1017. 


EARL  DI6BY.  36^ 

the  words  of  the  GOcmniinQn  eiipresg,  "  Pm  ea  fide  et  fidoda, 
quam  semper  in  Prodentia^  Indostria^  et  Ezperientia  fiddU  et 
dilecti  nostri  Johaonb  Digby  Militis,  oostrique  apud  dictum  His- 
paniarom  Begem  naper  Legati  ordioarii  haboimus,  ipsum  oostrom 
venim  et  indabitatiuii  Commissarium,  Oratorem^  Procuratorcm, 
et  Deputatum  ad  praedicta  facimus.*'  He  repaired  to  Spain  in 
July,  and  apon  his  return  the  next  year^  was  created,  the  25th  of 
November,  Baron  Dighy,  of  Skirehtm,  in  the  county  ef  Dorset^ 
the  castle  and  manor  ^  of  which  the  King  had  before  granted  to 
him,  and  the  monastery  and  parsonage  he  purchased  about  the 
year  1620^  in  which  year  he  was  sent  Ambassador  to  the  Ardi- 
duke  Albert,  and  May  18th,  the  year  after,  to  the  Emperor  Per* 
dinand,  to  press  a  positive  answer,  whether  the  Palatinate  might 
be  recovered  by  peace,  before  the  King  proceeded  to  actual  wari 
as  also  to  the  Duke  of  Bavaria;  whence  returning  in  Novembern 

1621,  he  was,  a  fourth  time,  by  commission,  dated  March  13tb« 

1622,  sent  Ambassador  Extraordinary  to  Spain,  to  treat  with 
Philip  IV.  (son  of  the  deceased  King  Philip  III.)  touching  a  treaty 
of  firiendship  and  alliance;  and  to  conclude  the  afpresaid  marriage^ 
jointly  with  Sir  Walter  Aston,  who  resided  there  as  Ambassador 
in  Ordinary,  which  took  no  effect ;  having  been  created  Earl  of 
Bristol,  September  I5tb,  1622,  in  recompence  of  his  services  ia 
bis  frequent  embassies  abroad. 

After  his  return  from  Spain,  in  1624,  the  Duke  of  Buckings 
ham  and  his  Lordship  impeached  each  other  in  articles,  equally 
laboured  to  render  their  religion  and  loyalty  suspected,  when  the 
Earl  shewed  himself  right  able  to  appear  before  the  Parliament } 
and  though,  February  6th,  1626,  he  was  committed  to  theTower^ 
yet  (tays  Jlnihony  a  Wood),  be  worsted  the  greatest  minion  of 
any  King  since  the  conqbest,  the  Commons  resolving  to  put  an 
end  to  the  Duke's  power  and  grandeur.    However,  the  Prince 
having  contracted  a  prejudice  against  him,  during  his  Higbness's 
being  in  Spain,  he  could  never  recover  any  admission  to  Cocrt^ 
but  lived  in  the  country  in  ease,  plenty,  and  great  rrputatioa 
with  all  who  had  not  an  implicit  reverence  for  the  Court,  until 
the  beginning  of  the  troubles;  when,  in  September,  1640,  he  was 
one  of  the  Commissioners  to  treat  with  the  Scots,  in  order  to 
compose  the  differences  of  the  two  nations;  and  in  the  beginning 
of  the  Long  Parliament,  appeared  at  the  bead  of  all  the  discontented 
party;  but  being  found  guilty  of  counselling  (some  say,  promot- 
ing) a  petition  of  the  Gentry  and  Ministers  of  Kent,  he  and 

€  They  weit  Sir  Walter  Raletgh'i. 


3S4  P£ERAOE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Thomas  Mallet  were  connmitted  to  the  Tower,  March  28tb,  1042; 
whence  being  released  in  two  or  three  days,  and  perceiving  the 
destructive  courses  which  the  Parliament  pursued,  he  left  them^ 
and  hastening  to  the  King  at  York  (who  had  before  restored  him 
to  his  place  in  the  council  and  bedchamber),  attended  him  at 
Edgehill,  and  thence  to  Oxford  j  and  at  the  end  of  the  war,  re- 
tiring into  France,  suffered  the  loss  of  his  estate,  and  died  at  Paris> 
on  January  21st,  1652,  having  burial  in  a  cabbage-garden,  which 
Sir  Richard  Browne,  Clerk  of  the  Council,  had  a  little  before 
purchased  to  bury  the  bodies  of  Protestants. 

"  John  Digby,  Earl  of  Bristol,  father  of  the  celebrated  Lord 
Digby  (says  Lord  Orford),  was  by  no  means  inconsiderable  him- 
self, though  checked  by  the  circumstances  of  the  timet  from 
making  so  great  a  figure,  in  various  lights,  as  fortune  and  his  own 
talents  seemed  to  promise.  Marked  for  a  season  as  a  favourite 
by  King  James,  he  was  eclipsed  by  the  predominant  lustre  of  the 
Duke  of  Buckingham  j  and  traversed  by  the  same  impetuosity  In 
his  Spanish  negociations,  to  which  bis  grave  and  stately  temper 
had  adapted  him.  Being  attacked  by  that  overbearing  man,  he 
repelled  and  worsted  him  s  and  shone  greatly  among  the  discon- 
tented in  parliament.  But  the  violences  of  that  assembly  soon 
disgusted  his  solemn  disposition  j  for  he,  that  was  not  supple 
enough  for  a  Court,  was  by  far  too  haughty  for  popularity.  He 
would  have  been  a  suitable  minister  for  Austrian  phlegm  3  or  a 
proper  patriot  in  a  Diet,  which  would  have  been  content  to  pro- 
ceed  by  remonstrance  and  memorial.  A  mercurial  fevourite,  and 
a  military  senate,  overset  him.** 

Lord  Clarendon  informs  us,  that  the  Earl  of  Bristol  was  a  "^trj 
handsome  man;  and  that  it  was  this  circumstance  which  first  re- 
commended him  to  the  favour  of  King  James.  Beauty  and  dig- 
nity of  person  seem  to  have  characterized  the  Digbies  of  the  last 
century.  The  noble  historian  adds,  that  though  Lord  Bristol  was 
a  man  of  great  parts,  and  a  wise  man,  yet  as  he  had  been  for  the 
most  part  single,  and  by  himself  in  business,  and  had  lived  little 
in  consort,  he  was  passionate  and  supercilious  in  council,  and  did 
not  bear  contradiction  without  much  heat.  He  was  likewise  too 
voluminous  in  discourse  j  so  that  he  was  not  considered  at  the 
Board  with  that  respect  to  which  he  was  otherwise  intitled.^ 

He  married  Beatrix,  daughter  to  Charles  Walcott,  of  Walcott, 
in  Shropshire,  Esq.  widow  of  Sir  John  Dive,  of  Bromham,  in  the 

*  Kippii'i  Biogr.  BriU  V.  aio,  where  ice  hit  fife  asore  at  large. 


EABL  DI6BY.  36s 

ooantjr  of  Bedford^  Knt  She  is  buried  uDder  a  flat  marble^  within 
the  rails  of  the  altar  of  the  parish  church  of  Sherborne^  in  Dor* 
•etshire,  with  this  inscription: 

hto  suh  marmore  posita  sunt  exuvia  iUustriiswug  heriorue, 
et  domirue  [Bcatricis']  comttis  Bristol,  utriusqtut  fortune, 
torique  consartis  JideUssinuB,  l65&:  came  placide  exutd 
immortaUtcUem  induit,  cujus  aniirue  miserere  Deus  maxime 
Of  time,  et  speratam  g/oriam  dedisse  pie  speramusr 

Quo  Deus  ex  pura  virgine  foetus  homoi 
Fagiit  inter  oves  kostia  veras  pias. 

They  had  issae  two  sons  and  two  daughters : 

1.  George,  his  successor. 

2.  Jdio,  bom  in  l6l8j  was  entered  a  nobleman  in  Magdalen* 
College,  Oxford,  anno  l634$  sided  with  the  King  in  the  begin- 
ning of  the  civil  war,  and  being  esteemed  a  valiant  and  good  man, 
was  made  a  General  of  the  Horse  in  tlie  army  of  Ralph,  Lord 
Hoptcw,  and  fought  bravely  in  many  encounters.  When  tbb 
Klng*s  cause  declined,  he  retired  into  France,  and  some  time  fol- 
lowed the  court  of  Charles  II.  but  at  length  retired  to  Pontoise, 
entered  himself  among  the  religious  there,  became  a  secular 
Priest,  said  mass  daily  to  the  English  nuns,  and  died  there  after 
the  restoration. 

Lady  Mary,  eldest  daughter^  was  married  to  Arthur^  Earl  of 
Donegal. 

Lady  Abigail^  second  daughter^  married  to  George,  son  and  heir 
of  John  Freke,  of  Shrowton^  in  Dorsetshire,  Esq.  and  grandson 
of  Sir  Thomas  Freke,  Knt.  She  died,  1640,  and  was  buried  at 
Sherborne. 

Gborgb,  the  second  Earl  of  Bristol,  born  at  Madrid,  in  Octo« 
hex,  I6l2,  was  educated  in  Magdalen  College,  and  took  the  de- 
gree of  A.  M«  August  13th,  1636,  being  then  esteemed  of  good 
parts,  and  in  hopes  to  do  the  state  service.  On  April  13th,  1640^ 
being  returned  Member  of  Parliament  for  the  county  of  Dorset, 
he  became  one  of  the  darlings  of  the  people,  as  a  person  discon* 
tented;  but  November  llth,  that  year,  being  appointed  one  ot 
the  Committee  to  prepare  a  charge  against  Thomas,  Earl  of  Straf- 
ford, and  one  of  the  managers  of  the  evidence,  he  became  his 
advocate,  upon  a  discovery  of  the  unjust  practices  against  him  j 
and  April  21st,  l64l,  when  the  bill  of  attainder  was  debating  in  th« 


3W  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

House,  he  argued  strongly  against  it^  and  condoded  his  speech^ 
**  I  do  before  God,  discharge  myself  to  the  uttermost  of  mj 
power,  and  do  with  a  clear  conscience  wash  mj  hands  of  this 
man's  blood,  by  this  solemn  protestation,  that  my  yote  goes  not 
for  the  taking  of  the  Earl  of  Strafford's  life.**  This  declaration 
lost  him  the  esteem  he  had,  both  with  the  Commons  and  the  Fac- 
tion, being  expelled  the  House  on  the  10th  of  June;  but  that 
very  day  (having  been  summoned  the  preceding  one  to  the  House 
of  Peers  by  writ),  he  took  his  place  in  the  opper  House.  How- 
ever, the  Commons,  to  testify  their  resentment,  July  13th,  or- 
dered his  speech  to  be  burnt  the  Friday  after,  at  ten  o'clock,  by 
the  common  hangman;  one  part  in  the  Palace-Yard,  at  Westmin- 
ster, another  in  Cheapside,  and  the  rest  in  Smithfield,  and  hu 
name  was  posted  up  in  the  head  of  those  called  Straffordiaks. 

From  this  time  he  became  the  declared  enemy  of  the  leading 
party,  who  let  slip  no  occasion  to  despite  and  prejudice  him ;  pro- 
claimed him  Trmtor,  and  banished  him;  but  the  King  soon  after 
leaving  the  Parliament,  he  adhered  to  his  Majesty,  and  was  there- 
fore  excepted  by  the  Parliament,  in  a  treaty  of  peace  with  the 
King  at  Oxford,  in  l642.  The  next  year  he  was  made  one  of 
the  Secretaries  of  State;  chosen  High  Steward  of  the  University 
of  Oxford,  in  the  place  of  William,  Lord  Say,  who  adhered  to 
the  Parliament;  and  in  1645,  constituted  Lieutenant- General  of 
all  the  King's  forces  north  of  Trent,  for  his  services  in  which  sta- 
tion he  was  excepted  from  pardon,  October  24  th,  l648,  by  the 
Parliament;  and  retiring  beyond  sea,  suffered  much  by  the  loss 
of  his  estate ;  to  which  he  was  restored  after  the  King's  return, 
and  to  his  post  of  High  Steward  of  the  University;  but  by  chang- 
ing his  religion,  whilst  abroad,  in  compliance  with  Don  John  of 
Austria,  he  incapacitated  himself  from  being  restored  to  the  Se- 
cretary's office.  After  his  father's  death,  be  was  chosen  a  Knight 
of  the  Garter,  and  installed  in  April  1661;  became  a  firequent 
Speaker  in  parliament ;  wrote  several  letters,  speeches,  &c.  and 
having  lived  to  the  age  of  sixty-four  years,  died  at  Chelsea,  March 
:20th,  1676,  and  was  buried  there. 

Of  George  Digby,  Earl  of  Bristol,  Lord  Orford  speaks,  as  "  a 
singular  person^  whose  life  was  one  contradiction.  He  wrote 
against  Popery,  and  embraced  it;  he  was  a  zealous  opposer  of  the 
Court,  and  a  sacrifice  for  it;  was  conscientiously  converted  in  the 
midst  of  his  prosecution  of  Lord  Stratford,  and  was  most  uncon- 
scientiously  a  prosecutor  of  Lord  Clarendon.  With  great  parts, 
he  always  hurt  himself  and  his  friends;  with  romantic  bravery. 


£ARL  DIGBT.  sOf 

he  was  always  an  oniucoessfol  commander.  He  spoke  for  did 
Test  Act,  though  a  Roman  Catholic;  and  addicted  himself  to 
astrologjy  on  the  btrth-daj  of  true  philosophy.** 

**  The  Earl  of  Bristol  (says  Granfer),  well  known  for  his  fins 
parts,  his  lerity,  and  extravagant  passions,  was  Secretary  of  State^ 
and  Privy-Counsellor  to  Charles  II.  at  the  time  of  the  Interreg« 
num.  But  he  forfeited  both  ^lese  offices,  by  recondling  himself 
to  the  church  of  Rome,  against  which  he  had  written  several 
pieces  of  controversy.  He  imputed  his  removal  to  the  influeooo 
of  his  friend  the  Lord  Chancellor  Hyde,  whose  ruin  he  afterwards 
sought  with  all  that  vehemence  which  was  natural  to  him.  It  is 
pity  that  the  romantic  history  of  this  nobleman*s  life  was  never 
written.^  Dr.  Swift,  in  one  of  his  letters,  styles  him  ''  the  proto«^ 
type  of  Lord  Bolingbroke.** 

He  married  the  Lady  Anne  Russell,  second  daughter  to  Francis, 
Earl  of  Bedford,  and  had  by  her  Ladyship  (who  died  January  Mth, 
lGg6f  and  was  buried  at  Cheneys,  in  Buckinghamshire),  two 
aons  and  two  daughters ;  John,  his  heir$  Colonel  Francis  Digby, 
who  lost  his  life  in  the  great  sea-fight  with  the  Dutch,  May  28th, 
1672,  leaving  no  issue,  and  his  body  was  deposited  in  the  vault 
of  his  mother's  family,  at  Cheneys,  in  Buckinghamshire,  in  an 
open  coffin,  and  is  yet  entire,  except  the  loss  of  some  teeth  and 
toe-nails,  which  have  been  stolen.  Lady  Diana  was  married  to 
the  Baron  of  Mall,  in  Flandergj  and  Lady  Anne,  to  Bobert,  Earl 
of  Sunderland,  died  April  15th,  171^^  and  was  buried  at  Althorpe, 
Northamptonshire,  being  grandmother  to  Charles,  Duke  of  Marl* 
borough. 

Job  V,  the  third  Earl  of  Bristol,  was  L.  L.  and  C.  Rot.  of  the 
county  of  Dorset,  in  the  reign  of  King  James  11.  and  King  Wil- 
liam; and  married,  first,  Alice,  daughter  and  heir  to  Robert 
Bourne,  of  Black-Hall,  in  Essex,  Esq.;  and,  secondly,  Rachel, 
daughter  and  coheir  to  Sir  Hugh  Wyndham,  of  Silton^  in  Dorset- 
shire, Knt.  Justice  of  the  Const  of  Common-Pleas ;  but  having 
no  issue  by  either,  the  honour  ceased  on  his  death,  Sept.  18th, 
]6g8,  and  he  lies  buried  at  Sherbornei  under  a  sumptuous  mo- 
nument, in  the  south  cross  aisle  of  the  church,  said  to  have  cost 
15001.  It  is  composed  of  various  kinds  of  marble,  and  executed 
by  that  ingenious  artist,  J.  Nost;  on  it  is  the  statue  of  an  Earl, 
standing,  in  hu  parliamentary  robes,  holding  a  coronet  in  his 
right  hand;  on  his  left,  stands  the  figure  of  his  first  Lady,  hold- 
ing  in  her  left  hand  a  burning  lamp;  on  his  right,  his  second 

'  See  hif  character  at  length  in  Clareo(]on*t  State  Paperi>  copied  lato  DodikjS 
Aab*  Reg.  1786. 


308  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Lad/,  holding  in  ber  right  band  a  flaming  heart.  On  the  pedolals 
of  these  statues  are  their  names^  and  the  dates  of  their  births  and. 
burials;  at  the  sides  are  two  weeping  cnpids.  A  vein  in  the 
marble  of  the  left  leg,  whirfi  b  aaked^  represents  the  mortifiea- 
tjon  near  hb  knee,  which  occasioned  the  Earl's  death;  over  the 
whole  is  a  noble  semicircular  pediment,  supported  by  two  fluted, 
columns  of  the  Corinthian  order,  on  which  are  two  urns,  and  be* 
tween  them  the  arms  and  crest  of  Digbj^  and  this  nsotto^  Nui 
qn'nn.  Supporters,  two  inan-tygers.  Sable,  collared  with  Earl's 
coronets.  Or.  On  one  side.  Argent,  three  cbevrooels.  between, 
three  lions  passant.  Sable,  for  Bourne  $  on  the  other  side,  Azme^ 
three  lions  heads  erased.  Or,  for  Wyndham.  Underneath  is  a 
pedestal,  with  proper  compartments,  eoetaining  this  inscription^, 
composed  by  Dr.  Hough,  Bishop  of  Woicester: 

John,  Lord  Digby,  Baron  Digby  of  Sherborne,  and  Earl  of 
Bristol ;  titles  to  which  the  merits  of  hb  grandfisther  first 
gave  lustre,  and  which  he  himself  laid  down  unsullied.  He 
was  naturally  inclined  to  avoid  the  hurry  of  a  public  life^  yet 
careful  to  keep  up  the  post  of  hb  quality ;  was  willing  to  be 
at  ease,  but  scorned  obscurity;  and  therefore  never  made 
his  retirement  a  pretence  to  draw  himself  within  a  narrowei: 
compass,  or  to  shun  such  expense  as  charity,  hospitality,  and 
hb  honour  called  for.  His  religion  was  that  which  by  law 
b  establbbed,  and  the  conduct  of  his  life  shewed  the  power 
of  it  in  hb  heart.  His  distinction  from  oth^s  never  made 
him  forget  himself  or  them.  He  was  kind  and  obliging  to 
his  neighbours,  generous  and  condescending  to  his  inferiors^ 
and  just  to  all  mankind. 

Nor  had  the  temptations  of  honour  and  pleasure  in  this  world 
strength  enough  to  withdraw  his  eyes  from  that  great  object 
of  his  hope,  which  we  reasonably  assure  ourselves  he  now 
enjoys. 

We  now  return  to  Sir  Robert  Digby,  of  Coles-Hill^  imme- 
diate ancestor  of  the  Lord  Digby.  In  1696,  he  was  koighted  at 
Dublin,  by  Robert,  Earl  of  Essex,  and  having  hb  education  in 
the  uuiversity  of  Oxford,  took  the  degree  of  A.M.  July  lOth^ 
15g8.  In  1613,  he  was  returned  to  parliament,  with  Walter 
Weldon,  Esq.  for  the  borough  of  Athy;  was  called  into  the 
Privy  Council  by  King  James  I.  and  appointed^  May  20th, 
1615,  of  the  Council  for  the  province  of  Munsler.    He  married 


EARL  DIGBY.  bgq 

Letticc,*  daughter  and  heir  of  Gerald,  Lord  Oflaley,  who  died 
before  his  father,  Gerald,  the  eleventh  Earl  of  Kildare,  and  de- 
parting this  life,  M^y  24tb,  l6l8,  lies  buried  at  Coles-Hill,  with 
this  insGTiption>  on  a  half  pillar,  fixed  to  the  north  wall  of  thq 
Chancel : 

To  the  Memorie 
of 
Sir  Robert  DJgby,  Kt. 
who  wedded  the  Lady  Lettice> 
Baronesse  Oflaly,   Heir  General 
to  that  Ancient  Family  of  the  ^ 

Earles  of  Kildare  in  Ireland; 
and  departing  this  Life  24^^  May 
A^  1018.    Lyeth  interred  here 
anioDgftt  his  Ancestors; 
Leaving  issue  seven  sons,  viz.  Rob,  created  Lord  Digby  of 
Ckeashill  in  Ireland,  George,  Gerard,  John,  Simon,  Essex, 
and  Philip;  and  three  daughters,  viz.  Lettice^  married  to 

4  She  was  created  Baroness  of  OfFaley,  for  life,  and  brought  into  this  family 
the  barony,  lordship,  manor,  and  territory  of  Genshill,  in  the  King*s  County, 
with  the  monastery  of  Killeigh,  the  rectory  and  prebend  of  Geashill,  and  all  the 
hereditaments  within  the  said  barony>  which  were  the  jjiheritance  of  her  grand«> 
father,  Gerald,  Earl  of  Kildare,  the  same  being  confir  ned  to  her  and  her  heirs, 
by  the  award  of  King  James  I.  bearing  date  July  nth,  1619.  After  which> 
•ome  persons,  under  the  pretence  of  concealment,  and  some  defect  or  omission 
in  the  patents  granted  to  her  ancestors,  endeavouring  to  defeat  her  of  divets  par«> 
eels  of  the  said  barony,  and  to  pass  patent  secretly  for  the  same,  the  K  ing  was 
pleased,  by  privy-seal,  from  Greenwich,  June  26th,  1620,  to  order  a  hew  grant 
and  confirmation,  to  hold  the  same  for  ever,  by  such  rents,  tenures,  and  services, 
as  were  reserved  by  the  patents  of  Queen  Elisabeth,  granted  in  the  nth  and 
aoth  years  of  her  reign,  to  the  said  Gerald,  Earl  of  Kildare,  and  that  the  pre- 
mises should  be  erected  into  the  manor  of  Geashill,  with  the  privileges  of  courts, 
free  warren,  liberty  to  make  a  park,  to  hold  a  Tuesday's  market,  and  two  fairs, 
on  June  ist,  and  October  5th,  at  Killeigh,  with  the  advowion  of  the  church ) 
and  she  passed  patent  ^accordingly,  on  the  4ih  of  September,  that  year. 

Her  Ladyship  living  in  the  time  of  the  rebellion,  the  Irish,  in  that  part  of  the 
country,  robbed  and  despoiled  many  Protestants,  committed  many  ounages  and 
acts  of  cruelty ;  and  at  several  times  assaulted  and  besieged  her  in  her  castle  of 
Geashill,  which  she  defended  with  great  resolution* 

But  notwithstanding  numerous  menaces  and  attacks,  she  held  out  with  great 
spirit,  until  fetched  off  safe  by  Sir  Richard  Granville,  in  October  1642,  after 
which  the  fctlred  to  Coles-Hill.  See  several  menacing  letters  to  her,  printed  In 
the  former  edition,  and  in  Archda'.l,  with  her  answers* 

VOL.  r.  2  B 


870  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Sir  Roger  Langford,  Knt.  Mabel,  to  Gerald  Fite-Gcrald 
Lord  of  the  Dedes  in  Ireland  j  and  Abigail,  who  died  a 

child. 

Which  Robert.  Lord  Digby,  espoused  the  Lady  Sara, 
daughter  to  Richard,  Earl  of  Corkcj  by  whom  he  had  issue 
one  son,  viz,  Kildare,  now  Lord  Digby,  and  four  daughters, 
viz.  Catharine,  Mary,  Lettice,  and  Catharine?  and  departing 
this  world  the  6th  of  June,  anno  1^2,  lieth  buried  with  hia 
said  Lady,  in  the  cathedral  church  of  St.  Patrick  in  Ireland. 
Of  his  said  younger  sonnes,  only  Essex  hath  issue  by  Thoma- 
sine/  daughter  to  Sir  William  Gilbert,  Knt,  sometime  Go* 
vemor  of  the  Fort  at  Le&e  in  Ireland. 

On  a  shield,  Digby  empaling,  Argent,  a  saltirc.  Gules. 

Arms  on  the  middle  shield  on  John  Digby's  tomb :  Ist.  Digby- 
ad.  Gules  a  fess,  ermine.  3d.  Argent  on  a  bend.  Gules,  three 
martlets.  Or.  4th.  Argent  on  a  fess.  Sable,  three  mullets  of  the 
first,  between  three  ducks  of  the  second.  5th.  Ermine  on  a 
bend,  Gules,  three  chcverons.  Or,  empaling  Throckmorton  with 
six  quarterings.  And  upon  a  flat  marble  stone  on  the  floor  isr 
engraven: 

Here  lye  the  Bodyes  of  S^  Robert  Diobt,  K*., 
And  the  Lady  Letticb,  Baroness  of  Offalby 
His  Wife.     She  died  the  first  day  of  December 

M.  P.CLVIII. 

Their  issue  were  seven  sons  and  three  daughters ;  I .  Robert, 
created  Lord  Digby.  2.  George.  3.  Gerald.  4.  John.  5.  Si* 
mon,  member  of  parliament,  in  1 639,  for  PhilipstowiS.  6.  Essex, 
of  whom  presently.  7.  Philip,  who  married  Margaret,  daughter 
of  Forth,  and  widow  of  Sir  Thomas  Moore,  of  Croghan, 

ancestor  to  the  Lord  Tullamoore^  Lettice,  married  to  Sir  Roger 
Langford,  Knt.j  Mabel,  first,  to  Gerald  Fijz-Gerald,  of  Dro- 
mana,  in  the  county  of  Wateiford,  Esq.j  secondly,  to  Donogh 
O  Brien  Arragh;  and  Abigail,  who  died  a  child. 

Essex,  the  sixth  son,  was  born  at  Coles-Hill,  and  educated  in 
the  University  of  Dublin,  where  whilst  he  was  a  student,  being 
presented,  December  l^th,  1690,  to  the  Rectory  of  Geashili,  a 
clause  was  inserted  in  the  presentation,  containing  the  King^s 
€hrace  or  Faculty,  to  hold  the  same,  notwithstanding  his  being 


EARL  DIGBY.  9?i 

out  of  orders;  but  that  he  should  coo  tin  ue  his  study,  until  he 
came  to  riper  years  to  take  orders  upon  him.  On  June  7th,  li537, 
he  was  presented  to  the  rectory  of  Sallyconimany  in  tiie  diocese 
of  Kildare,  where  fixing  his  residence,  be  was  robbed  and  de- 
prived of  his  goods,  stock,  cattle,  &c.  to  the  value  of  1570I.  in 
ihe  very  beginning  of  the  rebellion,  and  had  his  house  burnt  by 
the  Dempsies,  Dunns,  and  Connors,  After  the  reduction  of  Ire- 
land, by  the  Parliament,  he  was  their  established  minister  at  BeU 
fast,  with  the  allowance  of  1201.  a  year;  and,  upon  the  restoration 
of  King  Charles>  was  made  Dean  of  Cashel,  February  6th,  1661, 
commenced  D.D.  and  the  same  day,  1670,  was  promoted  to  the 
See  of  Droraore.  He  married,  first,  Thomasine,  daughter  to  Sir 
William  Gilbert,  of  Kilmiuchy,  in  the  Queen's  County,  Knt* 
Governor  of  the  fort  of  Leix  (who  was  buried  at  St.  John's,  Dub- 
lin, June  8lh,  1 654).  He  married,  secondly,  Lettice,  daughter 
of  — -  Brereton,  by  whom  he  had  a  son,  Willianii  who  settled 
at  Newton,  in  King  s  County,  and  marrying  Anne  Newcomenj 
left  a  daughter,  Lettice,  married  to  Randal  Cooke,  Gent*  He 
deceased  12th  May,  l6b3,  having  had  by  his  first  wife,  Tho- 
hiasine,  U  Robert,  who  married  a  daughter  of  ■■  Spencer. 

2.  Simon)  and  two  daughters;  the  elder  married,  first,  to  John 
GifFord;  and,  secondly,  to  Thomas  Loft  us,  of  Killyan,  £sqrs.;  and 
ihe  younger^  to  Sir  Henry  Warrington,  of  Cloghstoken^  in  the 
county  of  Gal  way,  Kc  t. 

Simon,  his  youngest  son,  being  bred  also  to  the  church,  beciime 
as  eminent  in  station  as  bis  father.  He  was  bom  at  Ktlminchy ; 
educated  in  the  College  of  Dublin;  incorporated  A.M.  at  Oxford^ 
July  nth,  1676,  and  D.  p.  by  diploma,  December  12th,  1677; 
He  was  prbsented  to  the  Rectory  of  Dunshaghlin,  in  the  diocese 
of  Meath,  March  22d,  1668;  Prebendary  of  Geashill,  and  Rector 
of  Ballyconunan,  in  the  diocese  of  Kildarcj  February  22d,  1670, 
of  which  cathedral  church  he  was  Dean,  and  tncumt>ent  of  the 
parish  of  St.  Michan,  Dublin,  whence  he  was  advanced  to  the 
United  Sees  of  Limerick,  Ardfert,  and  Aghadoe,  March  IQih^ 
1678,  with  which  he  held  the  Rectories  and  Vicarages  of  Bally- 
lai.  Bally scurloge,  TymachoCf  and  Cloncurry,  in  the  diocese  of 
Kildare,  being  thereto  presented  the  30th  of  the  same  month) 
and  January  12th,  169O,  he  was  translated  to  the  See  of  Elphin; 
to  the  poor  of  which  town,  and  those  of  Mount-Talbot,  Abbert, 
'Lackan,  and  Tralee,  he  bequeathed  lOOl.  by  his  will.  He  mar- 
ried Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Warner,  and  bister  to  Henry  Westenra^ 


372  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

of  Dublin^  Esqrs.  and  departing  this  life,  April  7tb,  1720^  at* 
bit  house  of  Lackan,  in  the  county  of  Roscoroon,  had  issue  by 
her  (who  died  there  the  15th  of  the  same  month,  and  were  inter- 
red together  the  20th,  in  the  church  of  Tosraragh),  nine  sons,  and 
eight  daughters;  viz.  Robert,  Simon,  Henry,  John,  Westenra, 
William,  Essex,  Gilbert,  Benjamin,  Thomasine,  Elizabeth,  Let- 
tice,  Margaret,  Abigail,  Mary,  Jane,  and  Rebecca;  of  whom,  six 
sons,  and  tbree  daughters,  died  young,  or  unmarried,  and  the 
survivors  were, 
.    John  Digby,  of  Landanstown,  Esq. 

Rev.  William  Digby,  of  Lackan,  presented  September  ^tb, 
1730^  to  the  Rectory  of  Ahaskera,  in  the  diocese  of  Elphin;  mar- 
ried Oliva,  daughter  to  John  French,  of  French-Park,  in  the 
county  of  Roscomon,  Esq.  and  had  one  son  and  one  daughter; 
Simon  and  Anne. 

Rev.  Benjamin  Digby,  made  P^bendary  aid  Vicar  of  Geashill, 
February  23d,  1743,  married,  September  26th,  1734,  Mary, 
daughter  to  Lewis  Jones,  of  Osbertstown,  in  the  county  of  Kil- 
dare,  Esq.  He  died  at  Osbertstown,  in  May  1769,  having  had 
issue  by  her,  who  died  1768,  1.  Simon,  who  entered  into  Holy 
Orders,  and  married  Elizabeth  Marsh.  2.  Lewis-John.  3.  John. 
A.  Elizabeth. 

Elizabeth  was  the  second  wife  of  the  Reverend  Doctor  Jeremy 
Marsh,  Dean  of  Kilmore,  and  Treasurer  of  St.  Patrick's  (son  of 
Francis,  Archbishop  of  Dublin),  and  by  him,  who  died  June  3d, 
1734,  set.  67,  she  had  one  son,  Jeremy,  who  married  Jane,  daugh- 
ter to  Patrick  French,  of  Monevae,  in  the  county  of  Gal  way,  Esq. 
and  one  daughter,  Arabella  Frances,  married  February  20tb, 
1732,  to  Rev*  William  Firench,  of  Abby-Boyle,  in  the  county  of 
Roscommon. 

Abigail,  married  May  5th,  1721,  to  Rev,  Joseph  Graves,  of 
Ballycoman  and  Gleab,  in  the  King's  County,  Rector  of  Geashill, 
and  Vicar-Greneral  of  the  diocese  of  Kildare,  and  had  issue  three 
sons  and  two  daughters;  Simon,  William,  Joseph,  Abigail,  and 
Mary. 

Mary,  bom  I692,  married  to  Edward  Birtles,  of  Ardnegrath^ 
in  Westmeath,  Esq.  and  had  one  surviving  daughter,  Mary -Anne, 
born  1724.  V 

Jane,  to  the  aforesaid  Patrick  French,  of  Monevae,  Esq.  Mem- 
ber of  Parliament  for  Biesinton,  and  by  him,  who  died  3d  June, 
1744,  had  two  sons  and  four  daughters;' Robert;  Digby;  Eliza- 
beth; Jane,  married  to  Jeremy  Marsh,  as  before;  Mary;  and 
Lettice. 


EARL  DIGBY.  373 

Rebecca  married,  5th  May,  1721,*  to  John  King,  of  Charles- 
town,  in  the  county  of  Roscomon,  Esq.  to  whom  she  was  second 
wife,  and  had  a  son,  John,  and  a  daughter,  Jane. 

John  Digby,  Esq.  the  eldest  surviving  son,  was  seated  at  Lan- 
danstown,  in*  the  county  of  Kildare,  of  which  county  he  was 
sheriff  in  the  year  1732;  and  was  chosen  to  parliament  17th  Ja- 
nuary, 1731,  for  the  town  of  Kildare.  On  20th  March,  if  17,  he 
married  Mary,*"  only  child  of  the  aforesaid  Dean  Jeremy  Marshy 
by  his  first  wife  Henrietta-Catharine,  only  daughter  of  Henry 
Dodwell,  of  Athlone,  Esq.  by  his  first  wife,  Lettice  Cuff;  and 
she  deceasing  in  173 1>  lies  buried  in  St.  Peter*s  Church  Yard, 
Dublin,  with  this  memorial : 

Here  lies  the  Body  of  Mary  Digby 
Alias  Marsh,  Daughter  to  the  Revd.  Dean 
Marsl^  and  Wife  to  John  Digby,  Esq.  .who 
Departed  this  Life  the  17th  of  July  17319  in 
the  32d  year  of  her  Age,  and  ]eft  behind 
Her  4  Sons  and  5  Daughters,  besides  her 
eldest  Daughter  Henrietta-Catherina,  who 
Died  May  the  28th  1721,  in  the  third 
Year  of  her  Age,  and  is  here  also  interred; 
As  lies  the  Body  of  her  Brother  Simon 
Marsh,  who  died  May  the  29,  1720. 

And  on  a  grave-stone  near  the  tomb,  is 

Here  lies  the  Body  of  the  Rev'd 
Dr.  Jeremy  Marsh,  late  Dean  of 
Kilmore^  who  died  June  the  3d.  17^4^ 
Aged  67  years. 

Their  children  were, 

Simon,  heir  to  his  father. 

Jeremiah,  baptized  3d  November,  1726,  resided  in  Dublin ^ 
married  13th  September,  17^8,  a  daughter  of  Mr.  Cooper,  and 
died  6th  January,  1763. 

«  St.  Anneal  Registry, 
f  Rot.  A«.  4  George  1. 1.  p.  f.  being  a  letter  of  attorney  from  the  Bishop  oi 
Elphu,  5th  Marcht  17179  to  Rev.  Joseph  Grave,  to  treat  about  his  son*s  saud 
marriage,  aod  to  agree  to  all  such  covenaftCs  as  be  sikould  tee  fit»  rcUtijig  to  th» 
said  carriage  and  actckmcnts. 


374  PEERAGE  OF  ENOLANIX 

John. 

William,  baptized  gth  June,  1730,  entered  bto  Holy  Orders, 
and  became  Dean  of  Clonfert  j  in  176O  he  married  Mary,  only 
child  of  Edward  Birtles,  of  Ardnegragh,  Esq.  before  mentioned, 
and  by  her  who  is  deceased  had  issne. 

Daughter  Mary,  married  14th  December,  1752,  to  Andrew 
Ram,  Esq. 

Elizabeth. 

Letticc,  baptized  lltfe  November,  1722,  and  married  10th  Fe- 
bruary 1755,  to  Rev.  Doctor  Daunt,  of  Cork. 

Frances,  baptized  22d  September,  1725,  married  in  January, 
1770,  to  John  King,  of  Bally  lid,  in  the  King's  County,  Esq. 

Hcnrietta-Cathariae,  baptized  31st  January,  1728-9,  died  of 
the  small-pox  26th  February,  1747*^ 

Simon  Digby,  Esq.  the  eldest  son,  of  Landanstown,  and  re* 
presentative  in  parliament  for  the  borough  of  Kildare,  married, 
first,  1st  June,  1749,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Rev.  Richard  Daniel, 
Dean  of  Down;  she  dying  21st  January,  1755,  he  married,  se- 
condly, 23d  February,  1756,  Jane,  daughter  of  William  Gore,  of 
Barrowmount,  in  Kilkenny,  Esq.;  and  he  married,  thirdly^  Ist 
September,  17^3,  a  daughter  of  William  Sandys,  of  Creevagh,  in 
the  county  of  Longford,  and  relict  of  —  Daly.  Mr.  Digby,  had 
by  his  first  lady  a  son,  John,  bom  7th  March,  1749-50.** 

Robert,  Jirst  Lord  Bighy,  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Robert  Digby, 
who  succeeded  to  the  large  estates  of  his  father  and  mother,  both 
in  England  and  Ireland,  had  z  new  patent  in  I618,  for  a  Wed-* 
nesday  market,  and  two  fairs  on  the  Feasts  of  St.  Matthew  and 
Mark,  at  Coles-Hill,  in  regard  the  market  and  fair  granted  by 
King  John  were  discontinued;  and  was  advanced  to  the  peerage 
of  Ireland  by  privy  seal,'  dated  at  Westminster,  July  29th,  l620. 

ft 

S  St.  Anne's  Registry,  and  Lodge.  ^  Idem, 

i  Wherein  his  Majesty  writes,  <<  That  the  gracioiit  remenibrance  of  his  fa- 
ther's merits,  together  \iith  the  hopes  he  had  conceived,  that  he  would  worthily 
endeavour  to  ijnitate  those  virtuous  courses,  left  him  by  his  ancestors,  had  moved 
fans  Majesty  to  confer  upon  him  the  title  of  a  Baron  of  Ireland,  by  the  style  of 
Lord  Digby,  Baron  of  Oeashill,  with  the  limitation  of  the  honour  to  his  brethren> 
and  their  issue  male.  And  whereas,  the  Lady  Lettice,  his  mother,  as^  heir-^ 
general  to  the  house  of  Kildare,  had  long  enjoyed  the  title  of  Baroness  of  Oflfaley, 
notwithstanding  the  many  oppositions  that  had  been  made  against  it;  forasmuch 
tt  his  Majesty  desirod,  that  love  and  amity  should  be  truly  settled  among  partiet 
so  near  in  bipod,  thought  good,  ibr  the  appeasing  of  all  diiTerences  which  might 
%rise  concerning  that  honour,  to  deliver  this  as  his  express  pleasure  therein; 
namely,  that  the  s^id  Lady  Letifce,  as  well  in  regard  of  her  ttanifcdd  virtues,  a9 


EARL  DIGBY.  375 

Oo  May  l  lth>  lQl7»  ^'^  v^'  appointed  Grovernor  and  Commander 
of  the  Kiog*i  County,  and  the  borders  thereof,  with  as  large  and 
ample  command  as  James^  Lord  Balfour,  Baron  of  Glenawlie^ 
held  the  government  of  Fermanagh;  and  26th  November  follow* 
ing,  with  his  brother,  Simon,  Constable  of  the  Castle  or  Fort  of 
Philipstown,  daring  their  respective  lives.  On  July  14th^  1634, 
he  took  his  seat  in  parliament,  was  a  member  of  all  committees, 
and  a  leading  man  in  the  House  of  Peers  j  and  the  session  being 
prorogued  from  November  12th,  to  January  26th,  the  L.  D.Wan- 
desford  died  during  that  recess,  and  the  L.  L.  being  absent,  it  was 
disputed,  whether  the  Parliament  might  b6  continued  by  virtue 
of  the  King's  Commission  to  hold  the  same;  when>  of  eight 
Judges,  four  being  of  opinion  it  might  continue^  and  four,  that  in 
]aw  it  could  not  be,  the  Lord  Chancellor  desired  the  opinion  of 
the  House,  whereupon  the  Lord  Dlgby  said,  that  the  Judges  being 
equal  in  vote^  he  therefore  thought  the  discontinuance  might 
prove  prejudicial,  and  the  continuance  thereof  good  for  the  King 
and  Commonwealth,  and  so  thought  it  fit  to  adjourn  till  the  King's 
pleasure  was  known^  and  to  desire  qn  act  to  be  trapsi^itted  to 
make  g«od  and  continue  the  Parliament:  which  motion  being 
agr^  to,  it  was  voted  fit  to  adjourn,  that  the  King's  pleasure 
might  be  known  before  the  Parliament  be  dissolved;  and  his' 
Lordship,  with  the  Lords  Ormond,  Moore,  and  Slane,  were  or- 
dered to  draw  up  a  protestation,  or  declaration,  expecting  his 
Majesty's  pleasure,  which  they  accordingly  did;  but  a  new  com- 
mission coming  over  in  the  interim,  appointing  Lords  Juftipes^  \t 
was  held  needless  to  proceed  further. 

After  the  meeting  of  the  Parliament  under  the  new  Lords  Jus- 
tices, he  was  licensed,  February  23d,  to  repair  into  England^  on 
his  own  urgent  occasions^  and  desired  and  authorised  by  the 
House,  to  deliver  to  their  Committee  attending  the  King,  their 
protestation  and  declaration  touching  part  of  the  preamble  of  the 
Act  of  Subsidy;  the  order  and  schedule  of  certain  grievance^ 
voted  by  the  House;  and  an  abstract  of  the  graces  granted  by  his 
Majesty  in  the  fourth  year  of  his  rei^  desired  to  be  confirmed 
^y  act  of  parliament. 

bcr  birth,  shall  during  her  natural  life  enjoy  the  said  title,  hoaour,  and  dignit| 
of  Baroness  of  Offaley,  together  with  the  place  and  precedency  in  all  assemblies 
^longing  unto  it,  without  any  Interruption  or  impedimeAt  gi^en  vnto  her  by  any 
one  or  other,  whom  it  may  any  wayi  concern  j  and  that  after  soch  deceaaCt  tkt 
aaid  honour  shall  revert  again  to  the  house  of  Kildare,  and  not  to  the  children  of 
the  aaid  Lady  Lettice,  or  spy  other^  claiming  bj  or  uA^er  bei^"  (Ept^  A?.  \% 
J(k,I.  i^  p.,dO 


3je  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

After  the  discovery  of  the  rebellion,  by  the  exaoaioations  of 
Conolly  and  Mac-Mabon,  and  the  Lord  Maguire*s  apprehension, 
his  Lordship  was  one  of  the  Privy  Council  who  signed  the  Pro- 
clamation at  the  castle  of  Dublin^  October  23d,  advertising  hia 
Majesty's  good  and  loyal  subjects  of  the  discovery,  and  requiring 
them  to  stand  upon  their  guard.  And  being  appointed  Captain 
of  a  troop  of  horse  in  the  King*s  army^  he  was  commanded,  April 
19th,  l642>  to  march  to  Drogheda,  and  May  the  i6th  following, 
from  Trim  to  Luttrellstown ;  in  which  year  his  mother,  being,  for 
some  months,  besieged  in  her  castle  of  Geashitl  (as  before  re- 
lated), and  reduced  to  great  extremity,  she  found  means  to  send* 
to  Sir  Charles  Coote,  at  the  Naas,  an  account  of  her  situation, 
and  the  miserable  condition  of  the  place;  who,  accompanied  by 
her  son,  marched  to  her  relief,  and  so  plentifully  supplied  the 
Castle,  that  she  resolved,  though  far  distant  from  any  friendly 
garrison,  to  abide  there,  which  she  did,  till  fetched  off  by  Sir  Ri- 
chard Granville,  in  October  following. 

He  married,  first,  the  Lady  Sarah  Boyle,  second  daughter  to 
Richard,  the  first  Earl  of  Cork,  who  dying,  July  14th,  l633,  was 
buried  August  12th,  in  her  father's  vault,  at  St.  Patrick's;  and 
he  took  to  his  second  wife,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  James  Al- 
tham,  of  Oxehey,  in  the  county  of  Hereford,  Knt.  widow  of  Sir 
Francis  Astley,  of  Hill-Morton,  in  Warwickshire,  Knt.  and  de- 
ceasing, June  6th,  1642,  had  no  issue  by  her  (who  became  the 
second  wife  of  Sir  Robert  Barnard,  of  Huntingdon,  Knt  and 
Bart.  Serjeant  at  Law,  died  January  3d,  1662,  and  was  buried  ia 
the  middle  aile  of  Covent-Garden  church) ;  but  by  his  first  Lady 
bad  one  son,  Kildare,  and  four  daughters >  Catharine,  and  Mary, 
who  died  young;  Lettice,  who  lies  buried  under  a  flat  marble  at 
Co^-Hill,  with  this  memorial: 

^Here  lyeth  the  Body  of  Lbtticb,  eldest  Daughter 
Of  RoBEHT  lA.  D;oBY,  and  Wife  to  William 
DiLKB  of  MAXSTOKE-Castle,  £sqi,  who  de: 
:parted  this  Life  jlzj.  Day  of  December  An^  1636L 

and  Catharine,  who  died  unmarried,  July  20th,  166I,  and  was 
buried  by  her  mother. 

•  KiLDARB,  the  second  Lord  Di^by,  was  left  a  minor,  but  in  the 
first  Parliament  after  the  Restoration  took  his  seat,  June  .25  tb, 

X  Dugdale'aWarwickfthirt,  Vol.  11.  fbUo  lOtS. 


EARL  DIGBY.  377 

l66if  and  was  L.  L.  of  the  King's  County  5  but  dying  the  11th 
of  July,  that  year,  was  buried  the  13th,  in  St.  Patrick's  church; 
and  (says  Mr.  Ketleweli)^  his  excellent  Lady,  ten  years  after,  ab 
one,  who  was  not  to  be  comforted  for  the  loss  of  her  Lord,  other- 
wise than  in  the  dear  pledges  of  his  love  which  he  had  left  her, 
caused  to  be  set  up  for  him  in  the  church  of  Coles*Hiii,  a  ceno- 
taph, which  might  declare  the  inviolable  regard  she  bad  for  hit 
memory;  for,  upon  a  black  marble  pedestal,  fixed  to  the  South 
wall  of  the  chancel,  stands  a  white  marble  urn,  and  on  the  tablet 
is  an  inscription,*  drawn  up  by  the  Reverend  William  Rawlins, 
her  Chaplain,  to  whom  she  committed  the  education  of  her  sons, 
and  who  so  loved  the  family,  and  was  so  beloved  by  it,  as  to  con- 
tinue in  it  thirty-three  years. 

After  his  Lordship's  death,  his  Lady  (a  most  accomplbhed  wo* 
man),  returned  to  England,  and  resided  at  Coles-Hill,  with  her 

'  Kildate,  Lord  Di^by,  Baroa  of 

Geashill  in  Ireland, 

Lord  Lieutenant  of  the  King's  County, 

Grandson    and    Heir   of    Lstcicc,    Baro: 

:ness  Ofl^ly; 

Married  Mary,  Daughter  of  Robert 

Gardiner  of  London,  Esq. 

By  whom  he  had  four  sons,  and 

Three  Daughters; 

Robert,  Elisabeth,  and  Mary  are  dead ; 

Robert  (now  Lord  Digby)  Simon,  Wil: 

tliam,  and  Lettice  are  living  t 

And  departinf  this  Life  at  DubliJi 

The  xith.  July  Anho  i66t,  lleth  interred 

There  with  his  Father  and  Mother, 

And  her  Ancestors,  in  St.  Patrick's 

Church.* 


And  ondeineath. 


Memorial 

Optimi  Mariti  dicta  Maria  Vidua  deccQnaliSy 

Etiamdum  insolabilis. 

Hoc  Monumentum 

Posuit, 
£t  Loctui  et  Cultui 

Sacrum. 
ClD.D.CL.XXn.n 


m  Dugdale*s  WuwicJuhire,  Vol.  II.  folio  xoi8«  »  ibid. 


S78  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND, 

children^  where  she  lies  boried  cinder  the  same  cenotaph,  with  a 
beaatifol  inscription^™  on  the  west  side  of  the  same  square  pe* 
destai,  composed  by  Dr.  John  Hough^  Bishop  of  Worcester,  as  a 
monument  of  her  truly  honourable  qualifications. 

■  Maat,*  Relict  of  Kildahe,  Lord  Diobt, 

Departed  this  Life  December  23. 

Am  Domt  1692. 

Whom  it  wen  vjipardonaUe  to  Uy  down  in  Silence,i 

And  of  whom  'cia  difficult  to  speak  with  Juiticei 

For  her  juit  Character  will  look  like  Flattery, 

And  the  least  Abatement  of  it  is  Injury  to  her 

Memory. 

In  every  Condition  of  Life  she  was  a  Pattern  to  her  SeXj^ 

Appeared  Mistress  of  those  peculiar  Qualities, 

That  were  requisite  to  conduct  her  thro*  it  «(ith 

Honour* 

And  never  failed  to  exert  them  in  their  proper  Seasons, 

With  the  utmost  Advantage. 

She  wu  modest  without  Aflfectadonjk 

Easy  without  Levity,  and  reserved  Wichont  Pridej^ 

Knew  how  to  stoop  without  sinkings 

And  to  gain  People*8  Affcccioni  without  kssening 

Their  Regards. 

She  was  careful  without  Anxietyy 

Frugal  without  Parsimony ; 

Not  at  all  fond  of  the  superfluous  trappUgs  of 

CreatnesSy 
Yet  abridged  herself  in  nothing  that  her  Quality 

rehired. 

She  was  a  faithful  member  of  the  Church  of 

England: 

Her  Piety  was.  Exemplary,  and  her  Charity  VoiveruJ. 

She  found  herself  a  widow  in  the  Beginning  of 

her  Life> 
When  the  Temptations  of  Beauty,  Honour,  Youthj^ 

and  Pkasore» 
Were  in  tl^elr  full  Strength } 
Yet  she  made  them  all  give  way  to  the  Interestof 

Her  Family^ 

And  betook  herself  entirely  to  the  Matron^s  Part; 

The  education  of  her  Children  engrossed  all  her  CaicSf^ 

^0  Chaige  was  spared  ij^  the  Cultivation  of  their  MindSf 

Nor  any  Pains  in  the  Improvement  of  their  Fortunes. 

in  a  word. 
She  was  truly  Wise,  truly  Honourable,  and  truly  Good. 


n  Dugdale's  Warwickshir«,  Vol  II.  folio  IQ18. 


EARL  DIGBY.  379 

Their  children  were,  Robert,  born  April  22d,  1 653,  who  died 
the  nth  of  July  following,  and  has  this  memorial  of  him  on  a 
flat  stone,  near  the  aforementioned  pedestal,  in  Coles-Hill  church* 
Warwickshire, 

Here  lyeth  Robert,  the  eldest  Sonne  of  Kildare  Lord 
Digby,  who  was  borne  the  23d  of  April  1653,  and 
died  the  nth  of  July  in  the  same  Year.*^ 

Robert,  Simon,  William,  successive  Lords  Digbyj  Eliaabeth, 
Mary,  both  died  infants;  and  Lettice  was  married  to  Charles 
Cotes,  of  Woodcot,  in  Shropshire,  Esq. 

Robert,  the  tJurd,  Lord  DigOy,  bora  April  30th,  l654,  had  his 
education  in  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  and  took  the  degree  of 
A.M.  July  nth,  1670;  but  dying,  unmarried,  in  the  twenty- 
fourth  year  of  his  age,  was  buried  with  his  elder  brother,  at 
Coles-Hill,  where  a  flat  stone,  near  the  aforesaid  pedestal,  is  thu^ 
inscribed : 

Here  lyeth  the  Body  of  the  Right  Hono^^«. 
Robert,  L^.  Digby,  second  Son  to  Kildare, 
JJ.  Digby,  Baron  pf  Geashell  in  the  Kingdom  of 
Ireland,  who  was  born  the  30*^.  of  April  1 654, 

And  died  the  20i»>  of  Decemb^  Anno  Dom.  1677.** 

• 

« 

Simon,  the  Jour tk  Lord  Digby,  heir  to  his  brother,  was  bora 
July  18th,  1657,  and  educated  in  the  same  college  5  married 
Frances,  eldest  daughter  to  £dward  Noel,  Earl  of  Grainsborough 
(by  Elizabeth,  eldest  daughter  and  coheir  to  Thomas  Wriothesley, 
Earl  of  Southampton,  Lord  High  Treasurer  of  England),  and  de* 
ceasing,  January  19th,  l685,  was  buried  the  24th,  under  a  flat 
atone,  at  Coles-Hill  (to  the  poor  of  which  parish  he  left  6CDK), 
having  issue  by  her,  who  died  suddenly  in  child-birth,  September 
29tb,  16^4,  in  the  twenty-third  year  of  her  age,  and  was  there 
buried,  October  5th,P  an  only  child,  Frances,  who  was  marrie4 

More  can  scarce  be  said, 

Yet  be  that  says  this,  knew  her  w«II, 

And  is  well  assured  he  has  said  nothing. 

Which  either  VecBcky  or  Modesty  should  oblige  him 

to  suppress. 
«  Dug^alc's  Warwickshire,  Vol.  II.  folio  loao.  ••  Ibid. 

P  Their  accomplished  characters  may  be  found,  in  their  Funeral  Sermon^, 
preached  by  Mr.  KettleweM,  then  Vicar  of  Coles-Hill,  and  pubUshed,  with  his 


380  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

to  Sir  James  Scadamore^  Viscoant  Sligo,  and  died.  May  3d,  1729, 
act.  44,  haviog  an  only  daughter  of  her  name,  boro  August  I4tfa, 
]711,  and  first  married,  Jone  28th,  1729,  to  Henrj  Somerset, 
Duke  of  Beaufort,  and  being  heiress  to  a  very  large  estate,  an 
act  of  parliament  passed,  in  1 730,  enabling  them,  and  her  chil- 
dren, to  take  the  additional  surname,  and  bear  the  arms,  of  Scu- 
damore,  pursuant  to  a  settlement  made  by  her  father  $  but  his 
€rrace  dying,  February  22d,  1744,  without  issue,  she  re-married 
with  Charles  Fitz*Roy  Scudamore,  Esq.  and  died  February  l6th, 
1749^,  in  child-birth,  of  a  daughter,  Frances,  who  is  now  married 
to  Charles  Howard,  the  present  Duke  of  Norfolk ;  but  has  no 
issue.  His  Lordship  was  buried  at  Coles- Hill,  where  is  the  fol* 
lowing  inscription  for  him : 

Here  Ijeth  the  Body  of  Simon  Lord  Digby,  3d  aoh  of 
Kildare  Lord  Digby  Baron  of  Geashell  in  the  Kiogdome 
of  Ireland,  He  married  Frances  eldest  daughter  of  Ed- 
ward Earl  of  Gainsborough,  whose  Body  lyeth  here  in- 
terred by  him,  and  had  Issue  by  her  one  only  daughter 
Frances  married  to  the  Lord  Viscount  Scudamore.  He  was 
born  July  the  18th,  1 657,  and  departed  this  Life  on  the 
igthof  Jan^y  l685.i 

William,  the  Jifth  Lord  Digly,  succeeded  bis  brother;  and 
being  educated  in  the  same  college,  took  the  degree  of  A.B.  July 
dth,  168I,  and  July  13th,  17O8,  was  created  Doctor  of  the  Civil 
Law.  At  his  first  entrance  into  the  world,  to  bis  own  stock  of 
^n  excellent  good  nature  and  religious  principles,  he  had  made 
the  discreet  choice  of  his  brother's  admirable  esuimple  to  improve 
i)oth.  In  April,  1733,  he  was  chosen  one  of  the  Commoa-CooncU 
for  Georgia  3  was  a  member  of  the  Society  for  propagating  the 
Gospel  in  foreign  parts  $  and  in  I689,  represented  the  county  of 
Warwick,  when  he  was  attainted  by  King  James's  parliaoaentj 

other  works,  in  two  Yolumes  folio.— *Hit  Lordship  adorned  the  Choir  of  the 
church  at  Colei-Hill;  nobly  aagmentod  the  furniture  of  the  eommiinion -plate  $ 
allotted  a  considerable  sum,  upon  the  death  of  his  l^ady^  to  the  use  of  the  poor 
for  a  perpetual  settlement,  and  at  his.  own  death  gave  a  much  greater}  restoring 
alio  the  two  impropriations  of  CaIes>HUl,  and  Upper- Whitacre,  to  those  respec- 
tive churches. 

\  D«gda]e*s  Warwickshire,  Vol.  II.  folio  1020. 

'  On  March  nth,  17339  he  passed  Patent  to  hold  a  Saturday  market,  and 
four  fairs;  the  first  on  April  20th;  sQcond,  June  %%^\  third,  September  27th | 
fmrth,  December  i jtb,  at  GeasbilL 


EARL  DIOBY.  381 

His  Lordship  married  Jaoe>  second  daoghter  to  the  said  Edward^ 
Earl  of  Gainsborough  5  and  by  her^  who  died  at  his  seat  at 
Sherborne,  in  September^  1733,  had  four  sons,  and  eight 
daoghten. 

1.  John,  educated  at  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  took  the  de* 
gree  of  A.M.  May  8th,  1707,  and  was  chosen  Member  for  £ast 
Retford,  to  the  fourth  and  fifth  parliaments  of  Great  Britain,  but 
died,  unmarried,  in  1 7 17,  and  was  buried  at  Sherborne. 

2.  Robert,  educated  in  the  same  college,  took  the  like  degree, 
October  17th,  1711,  and  in  1722  was  returned  to  parliament  for 
the  county  of  Warwick,  but  died,  unmarried,  April  igth,  1726, 
and  was  buried  at  Sherborne;  in  which  church  is  a  black  marble 
tablet,  fixed  in  the  wall,  under  the  great  South  window;  on  which 
are  these  inscriptions,  composed  by  Mr.  Pope: 

To  the  memory  of  Robert,  second  son, 

and  Mary,  cldtst  daughter  of, 

William,  "^rd  pigby. 

Go,  fair  example  of  untainted  youth. 

Of  modest  reason  and  pacific  truth; 

Go,  just  of  worth,  in  ev'ry  thought  sincere. 

Who  knew  no  wish  but  what  the  world  might  hear; 

Of  gentlest  manners,  unaffected  mind, 

Lover  of  peace,  and  friend  of  human  kind ; 

Compos'd  in  sufferings,  and  in  joys  sedate. 

Good  without  noise,  without  pretensions  great ; 

Go,  live,  for  heaven*s  eternal  year  is  thine, 

Go,  and  exalt  thy  moral  to  divine. 

And  thou,  too  close  attendant  on  his  doom. 
Blest  maid,  hast  hasten  d  to  the  silent  tomb ; 
Steer*d  the  same  course  to  the  same  quiet  shore. 
Nor  parted  long,  |nd  now  to  part  no  more. 
Yet  take  these  tears,  mortality*s  relief. 
And,  till  we  share  your  joys,  forgive  our  grief; 
Tliese  little  rites,  a  stone  and  verse  receive, 
'Tis  all  a  father,  all  a  friend  can  give. 

3.  Edward,  chosen  May  12th,  1726>  to  supply  his  brother's 
seat  in  parliament,  which  he  continued  to  represent  to  his  death, 
on  October  2d>  1746;   and  having  married,  July  10th,  1 729, 


382  P£ERxV6E  OF  ENGLAND. 

Charlotte»  only  turviving  daughter  of  Sir  Stephen  Pox,  Km|rhf^ 
and  sister  to  Stephen,  Earl  of  Ilchester^  and  Henrj,  Lord  Hollandi 
had>  by  her^  who  survived  till  November  — ,  1778,  and  was  bn* 
tied  at  Coles-Hilli  one  daughter,  Charlotte,  who  died  unmarried^ 
June  l6thj  1753,  and  was  buried  at  Coles-Hill;  also  six  sons; 
vix. 

J.  Edward,  the  sixth  Lord. 

2.  HeUry,  th6  seventh  Lord. 

J.  Robert,  born  December  20th,  1732,  who  was  promoted  to 
be  Rear  Admiral  of  the  Blue,  March  J  9th,  1779»  and  is  now  Ad- 
miral of  the  Red.  He  married,  August  19th,  1784,  Eleanor^ 
daughter  of  Andrew  Elliot,  Esq.  late  LieutenantGovomor  of  New 
York,  and  relict  of  Jauncy,  Esq. 

4.  William,  bom  1733,  and  having  taken  Holy  Orden,  waa 
presented  to  the  Vicarage  of  Coles-Hill,  made  one  of  his  Majest>  *$ 
Chaplains  in  ordinary,  also  Canon  of  Christ  Church,  in  Oxford; 
on  August  19th,  1769,  was  made  Dean  of  Worcester,  and  in 
August,  1777*  was  promo^ted  to  the  Deanery  of  Durham,  and 
was  likewise  LL.D.  He  died  in  September,  1788.  In  Aprils 
17G6,  he  married  Charlotte,  daughter*  of  Joseph  Cox,  Esq.  who 
died  June  27th,  179I9  and  had  issne,  three  sons )  Henry,  Captain 
in  the  Navy;  William- Sheffield,  died  December,  1793$  Charles- 
George;  and  four  daughters;  Chariot ta*Sopbia,  married,  1784| 
Sir  Chailes  Sheffield,  Bart  ;  Juliana;  Mary,  married,  Angost 
28th,  1794,  Henry -Thomas,  second  Earl  of  Ilchester;  Fnmces- 
Caroline,  married,  June  13th,  I79l«  Thomas  Neave.  Esq.  eldest 
son  of  Sir  Richard  Neave,  Bart.;  Harriet  married,  1808,  the  Rev. 
Samuel  Serrel. 

5.  Stephen,  who  having  chosen  the  militaty  employ,  and  hav* 
ing  served  in  the  several  inferior  commands,  was,  on  Jane  2d, 
1774,  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Colonel  in  the  army,  and  in  1788/ 
was  appointed  Governor  of  the  Hospital  of  St.  Catharine,  near  the 
Tower.  He  was  married  at  Thames  Dittonj  in  Surrey,  on  Oc- 
tober 1st,  1771,  to  Lady  Lucy  Strangwayes  Fox,  yoongeat  daQgh^^ 
ter  of  Stephen,  Earl  of  Ilchester,  and  by  her,  who  died  Angost 
16th,  1787,  he  had  two  sons,  Charles,  and  Stephen*Thomasy 
Captain  in  the  Navy.  Their  father  married,  secondly,  January 
6th,  1790,  Charlotte-Margaret,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  Robert 
Gunning,  Bjrt.  K.B. 

•  Niece  of  Sir  Charges  Sheffield, 
t  Married  the  widow  of  the  laic  Vitcouot  Aodotet. 


KARL  D16BY.  385 

« 

6.  Charle8>  Rc«tor  of  Kilmington,  in  Somersetshire^  marriod, 
Jnly  5tb,  1775,  Priscilla,  daughter  of  the  late  William  Melliar,  of 
Castle  Carey^  in  that  county,  Esq.  and  has  issue. 

Wriothcsley  Digby,  LL.D.  fourth  son  of  William,  fifth  Lord 
Digby,  died  in  May,  1767,  and  was  buried  at  Meriden,  in  War- 
wickshire: he  married  Mary,  daughter  of  John  Cotes,  of  Wood- 
cote,  in  Shropshire,  Esq.  and  had  issue  three  sons 5  Wriothesley, 
born  September,  1749,  married.  May  27tb,  1783,  — *,  daugh- 
ter  of  the  late  Colonel  Lewis-Charies  Montolieu^  Kenclm,  bom 
January,  1754;  Noel,  bom  April,  Ifbd-,  and  four  daughters; 
Mary,  who  died  an  infant  inl750  j  Frances,  bom,  January  1752, 
married  Richard  Aubrey,  Esq.  late  Colonel  of  the  Glamorganshire 
Militia,  deceased;  Elizabeth,  born  1758,  married,  April  7th,  1786' 
Thomas  Mills,  Esq.;  and  Jane,  born  August,  1760. 

The  daughters  of  William,  fifth  Lord  Digby,  were, 

1.  Mary,  who  died  of  the  small-pox,  on  March  31st,  1729,  and 
is  buried  at  Sherborne. 

2.  Elizabeth,  who  married  Sir  John  Dolben>  of  Finedon  in 
Northamptonshire,  Bart.  D.  D.  and  Prebendary  of  Durham :  she 
died  on  November  4th,  1730. 

3.  Rachel;  and,  4.  Jane,  both  died  infants. 

5.  Juliana,  married  April  29th,  1730,  to  Sir  Herbert  Mack- 
worth  of  Neath,  in  Glamorganshire^  Bart. 

6.  Catharinb  died  unmarried,  and  was  buried  at  Sherborne. 

7.  Frances,  married  to  James  Cotes,  of  WoodCote,  in  Shrop- 
fthire,  Esq.  and  died  September  19th,  1788. 

8.  Jane  died  unmarried,  and  was  buried  at  Sherborne. 

The  said  William,  Lord  Digby,  deceasing  in  December,  1 752 
act  92,  was  buried  at  Sherborne,**  bping  succeeded  in  title  and 
estate  by  his  grandson, 

EowAED,  sixth  Lord  IHgbtf,  of  GeaskiU,  in  Ireland,  who  was 
Groom  of  the  Bedchamber  to  his  present  Majesty,  when  Prince 
of  Wales}  on  June  1 3th,  1751,  was  elected  to  parliament  for  the 
borough  of  Malmesbury,  and  at  the  general  election  in  1754,  for 
that  of  Welles;  but  dying  unmarried,  on  November  30thj  1757, 
the  title  devolved  upon  his  next  brother, 

Hbnrt,   seventh  Lord  Digly,  of  Geashill,  in  Ireland,   and 

«  See  in  Pope's  Works,  Supp.  Vol.  lately  publithed,  a  Letter  from  his  friend 
Pope»  when  on  a  visit  to  him,  mentioning  his  amiable  manners,  and  describinf 
his  magnificent  seat  at  Sherborne,  in  I>orsctshitT,  derived  from  the  EmU  of 
Bristol. 


384  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

FIRST  Lord  Diobt^  of  Shsrbornb>  and  Eabi.  Digby.  Id  Eag' 
land^  beiog  raised  to  the  dignity  of  a  fiaron  of  Great  Britain,  to  bira 
and  his  heirs  male^  and  in  defaiUt  of  sach  heirs/ to  those  of  his 
£itheo.£dward  Digby,  Esf.  by  Letters  Patent,  dated  August  13th, 
1705. 

His  Lordship  V72s  first  jnarried  to  Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
Charles  Fielding,  Esq.  brother  to  William,  Earl  of  Denbigh; 
and,  by  her,  who  died  on  January  IQtb,  1765,  had  issue  an  only 
child, 

£dward>  born  June  20(h,  1764,  but  died  an  infant. 

On  Noveqiber  10th,  1770,  his  Lordship  was  married  to  his 
second  Lady,  Mary,  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Knowler,  Esq. 
pf  Canterbury,  in  the  county  of  Kent,  Recorder  of  that  city  3  and 
by  her,  who  died  February  26th,  17^,  he  had  issue, 

1.  Charlotte,  born  January  18th,  and  baptised  February  llth, 

1772;  married,  July  22d,  1796, Wingfield,  Esq.  and  dying 

in  November,  1806,  left  issue. 

2.  Edward,  now  Earl  Digby. 

3.  Henry,  born  May  I2th,  and  baptised  June  dth,  1774,  but 
died,  April  5th,  1776. 

4.  Robert,  born  April  10th,  1775,  in  Holy  Orders. 

5.  Stephen^  born  June  24th,  1776,  died  in  February,  1795. 
Elizabeth,    born    June    3d,    17B1>    died    November    13th, 

I8O6. 

His  Lordship,  on  June  7th,  177 1>  was  appointed  Lord  Liente* 
nant,  and  Gustos  Rotulorum  of  the  county  of  Dorset,  and  of  the 
town  of  Poole,  and  of  the  county  therrof. 

His  Lordship  was  advanced  to  the  dignity  of  Eabl  op  Dioby, 
October  30th,  179O;  and  dying  September  25th,  1793,  was  suc- 
ceeded by  his  eldest  son, 

Edwabd,  present,  and  second  Earl  Dioby. 

His  Lordship  was  born  January  6th,  I773f 

Tiiles.  Edward  Digby,  Earl  Digby,  Lord  Digby,  Baron  of 
Sherborne,  in  the  county  of  Dorset;  also  baron  Digby,  of  Geas* 
hill,  in  the  kingdom  of  Ireland. 

Creations,  fiaron  Digby,  of  Oeashill,  July  29th,  1 620,  18 
Jac.  I.;  Baron  Digby,  of  Sherborne,  in  the  county  of  Dorset. 
August  13th,  1765,  5  George  IlL;  and  Earl  Digby,  October 
80tb,  1790. 

Arms,    Azure,  a  Fleur  de  Lis^  Argent. 


EAIUL  OIGBY.  ^g 

Crat.  Oa  a  wreath  ao  ostrich.  Argent,  holdiDg  in  iti  bedc 
ao  horse-thoe.  Or. 

Supporters.  Two  mookies,  proper,  conaredroimd  their  loiiM, 
and  chains  fixed  Aereto,  Or. 

.Moiio,    Dbo>  iroN  voBTinrA. 

Chief  Seats.  At  Coles-Hill,  tn  the  ooonty  of  ^ffiarwick,  and 
Sherborne  Castle,  ib  Docgetshirei  also  at  OeashUI,  m  King's 
Cooo^,  in  Ireland.  ^ 


▼•I.  ▼.  g^B 


PEEaAiG^E  OF  EStGltAND. 


PERCY,  EARL  OF  BEVERLEY. 

Hi(  Grace  the  late  Duke  of  Northumberlaiid,  wu  created  Lou> 
LoTAiKK,  of  AUtv^ek,  with  remaiDder  to  hit  tecood  son,  Lonl 
AlgerooD  Per^,  ind  the  hcin  male  of  hli  body,  bj  patent,  Js- 
nuarx  'iStb,  1784.  On  hii  Grace'a  death,  therefore,  June  6ifa, 
17S6,  tbii  Baronjr  derolred  on  hii  nud  aDii, 

ALesKMOir,  aacoND  Loin  Lovaiiri,  vho,  on  November  3d, 
1790,  was  ftrther  adnnced  to  the  dignitj  of  £asl  or  Bn- 

TaBLKT. 

Hit  Lordahip  wat  bom  Jannary  Slat,  17M),  and  married,  Jnoe 
eth,  1775,  Iiabdla*SaianDa  Burrell,  tecood  daughter  of  Peter 
Burrell,  of  Beckingbsm,  lo  Kent,  Eaq.  titter  to  the  DochcH  of 
Northomberland}  the  Dowager  Marchioneai  of  Exeter  (fonaerif 
Dochctf  of  Hamilton)  \  sod  Peter,  Lord  Gw^dir }  bj  whom  ba 
hat  iHoe, 

1.  Charlotte,  bom  Jane  Sd,  177S,  married,  JuljSfth,  1799, 
George,  Viaconat  St.  Aaapb,  aoa  of  Jdin,  Earl  of  Athburnbom, 
and  hat  itme. 

3.  Eliubelh,  bom  March  Slat,  1777,  died  April  28th,  1770. 

3.  George,  Lari  Lmaime,  bom  June  33d,  177B,  a  Comaiia- 
rioner  fw  India  A&irt,  Cidonel  of  the  NorthamberlaDd  UilitUif 
aiidM.P.  f(vBearali(on.  Married,  June  33d,  1801,  MitaLooita 
Wortlcjr,  and  has  had  iame  a  dangbter,  bom  SqXember  a6tb, 
1802 1  a  ton,  bom  October  3d,  1S03,  died  May  19th,  1803;  ands 
daughter,  bom  March  19th,  1805;  another  aoa,  aioce  dead]  aftd 
a  daughter,  twm  Janoary,  I8O9. 

4.  AJgemon,  bom  Augutt  19th,  1770,  a  priaoner  in  Praaoe, 
s.  Soaaniia-EUzabeUi,  born  December  apth,  1782. 

6.  Hugh,  bom  Januatr  3gtb,  1784,  in  Holy  Orden,  Kectw  tt 


BARL  or  BSyERLEY.  $$r 

Biahoptborne  with  Barbatn,  and  of  Ivycfaorch,  Kent,  manie^^ 
Bfaf  IQth,  IB06,  Maiy  Maonere  Satton,  eldest  daagfater  to 
Charles^  Archbishop  of  Canterbai/y  by  whom  he  has  iasue^  Maiy- 
Isabella^  bom  Februaxy  18th^  1808^  and  Agnes^  born  April  aothy 
1.809. 

7.  Jooeline,  twin-brother  with  Hogh^  a  Captain  in  the  Boyal 
Navj,  and  M»P.  for  Beendstoo. 

8.  Henrj,  bom  September  I4th4  1785,  Captain  7th  regiment 
offoot. 

9.  Emilj-Charlotte,  bom  November  9th,,  1786,  married,  J0I7, 
1808,  Andrew  Mortimer  Drammond^  Esq.  and  has  issne  a  daugh« 
ter,  Emily- Susan,  bora  I8C9. 

10.  William-Henry,  bom  March  24th,  17B8,  a  lieotenant  in 
the  Boyal  Navy. 

11.  Francis- John,  bora  May  1st,  1790,  Captain  28d  re^^menf 
#fftot. 

12.  Charlea^  bora  March  4th,  1794. 

The  Earl  of  Beverley  has  been  detained  a  prisoner  in  France 
ainoe  the  oommencement  of  hostilities.  His  lordship  is  remarlL- 
flhfe  for  the  elegance*  and  toanty  of  his  manners. 

Tlile$»  Algernon  Percy,  Earl  of  Beverley,  Lord  Lotaine  of 
Ahiwtek. 

OrnUkm.  Banm  Loraine,  Jannary  28th,  17S4|  Earl  of  Be-; 
verley,  November  2d,  179O. 

Jrms,  Supfwriers,  Crest,  and  Moiio.  See  those  of  the  Dnke 
of'Northnlnberiand* 

Chirf  Seat.    Lovaine,  Yorkshire. 


PBEKAGE  OV  IKGLAND. 


MURRAY,  EARL  OF  MANSFIELD. 

To*  w  leoeaBt  of  thU  hnAly,  (ce  p.  138  af  tbii  Tolame,  ondcr 
the  title  of  the  Counlas  tfManifitld.  mother  of  the  pretent  Eart, 
where  it  is  mentioned,  tt  p.  ISO,  that  the  fint  Eari  wn  ercated 
Babl  q*  MiNiFiitD  by  a  »«o»irf  ^e»(,  dated  Atiguai  i  ith,  17m, 
tffdt  remainder  to  Uo  nephew.  David,  f^MnC  Stobhowt.  Od 
his  Lonhip's  death,  therefore,  March  30lb,  IJtfi,  thia  honour  d»^ 
Tolved  on  the  aforesaid 

Datid,  iBcowD  Eakl  of  U*iiapiitB,  who  had  b^  bb  lecoad 
Lady,  Louita  Cathcart  (who  sacceeded  to  be  Coumtibi  ovMam- 
tiat.D  i»lurotm.riglahytbcfinlpaUat,  ob  the  death  of  die 
firat  Earl),  the  following  lisue, 

1.  DkTid-WUUam,  preaeot  Zarl. 

2.  George,  bom  April  8th,  1780,  Major  in  the  Mcond  tepeaem 
of  Ufe  Goarda, 

3.  Charles,  bom  Augiut  21il,  1781>  married,  September  Slit, 
1B03,  Miss  Law. 

4.  Henry,  bom  Augoit  6th,  1784. 

5.  Carotine,  bom  December  14th,  1789- 

His  Lordship  died,  September  lit,  1796,  and  was  locceeded  bf 
bis  eldest  son, 

DlVlD-WlLLIAH,  THIXO  EaKL  Of  MaMIFIILB. 

His  Lordship  waa  bom.  Match  7th,  1777)  and  Is  Lord  Liea- 
tenant  of  Cla^maanaiuhiref  Hereditary  Keq>er  of  Scoon,  and 
F.R.S. 

His  Lordship  married,  September  iCth,  1797,  Froderica  Hadc- 
htm,  daughter  of  the  late  ArchbUbop  c^  York,  and  hii  imae, 

1.  A  daughter,  bom  January  8th,  1800. 

3.  A  danghtar,  boiD  Se^ttcmber  iStli,  1803. 


SJIBL  09  UAXtmXLD. 


M9 


S.  Fisctnmt  Siwmmt,  bom  Febrnaiy  %l^  1800. 
And,  4.  A  daughter,  born  July  lOtb,  1807. 
His  Lordship  ^rat  lately  Colonil  of  the  EoTal  Perth  Militia; 
which  he  lias  i&p^  resigned. 


TitUi.  Cdvtd-William  Murny,  Sail  of  Mansfield,  in  Eog- 
land;  and  Visoount  Stormont,  and  Baron  of  Scoon  and  Baivaird, 
in  Scotland. 

CreaHtms,  Earl  of  Mansfield,  and  Baxon  Mormy,  in  England, 
August  ist,  1792;  and  Baton  of  Scoon  and  Babraird,  and  Viscount 
Stormont,  Scotch  honoun,  l622. 

Arms.  Qo^rterly:  first  and  foorth,  Axure,  three  mullets,  within 
a  double  tressore  connter-fl^ry  with  ^trs-de*lis.  Or,  for  Mur- 
ray  $  second  and  third,  Gujes,  three  crosses  pattfp  Argent,  for  Bar* 
day,  of  Balvaifd. 

Orut  On  a  wreath,  a  buck's  bead,  eooped,  pro^,  with  a 
cnMs  pattoe>  l>etween  his  atttlers,  Aigeftt. 

Supporters,    Two  lions.  Gules. 

Motto,    Spbeo  miuoba. 

CUrf  Siou.  KnnaBngton  CastK  BwoAtaMhlrti  mA  Cmor 
wood,  Middlesex* 


reKBiUn  07  mGLAMD. 


HERBERT  EARL  OF  CAERNARVON. 

Majok  General  William  Hobert,  fifUi  md  of  Tbomu,  Um 
■»gUh  Eailpf  F«mbn>ke.  (See  VoL  lU.  p.  i43),  manied  Cttfae< 

rine-EUzabeth,  danghter  of Tewi,  Eiq.  of  Ail  Ja  Chapellcb 

and  died  March  Slit,  17^7,  leaving  i**aa  tbne  wut. 

I.  Henry,  now  Earl  of  CKmBmrn. 

a.  Qtailes,  fomerl;  a  Ca^ta  io  the  Ktvj,  wio  married,  in 
1775,  iJtdy  Caroline  Montague,  uater  to  the  latelXJw  of  Man* 
cheater,  bat  bai  no  iiiae, 

3.  Rer.  Mr.- Herbert. 

Alio  tvo  daoghterif  Geor^oa  and  Caroline,  both  unmarried. 

HaxKY,  ihepraeni  Earl  OP  Caumaevov,  wa*  bom  Aoguit 
aotb,  1741.  In  1768,  and  1774,  be  wai  returned  to  parliament 
for  the  boroi^h  of  Wilton;  and  wai  advanced  to  the  peerage  hj 
letten  patent,  dated  October  17tb,  17BO,  bf  the  title  of  BAaoR 
PoscBisTxa,  ofSgi  CUre,  vt  Ihitcotattif  of  Southampton,  and 
farther  elevated  to  tlte  title  of  Eabl  of  CAaaNAKVon,  bj  patent 
JnljSd,  1793. 

In  Febmary,  I8O6,  be  was  apptmited  Master  of  the  Hone,  in 
which  office  he  was  lucceeded  by  tlie  Duke  of  Moniroce. 

His  Lordihip  married,  Jnly  13th,  1771,  Elizabeth  Alioa-Ma- 
ria,  lister  of  George,  present  Earl  ol  EgremonI,  been  November 
30th,  17^3,  by  whom  he  has  iune, 

1.  Henry-George,  Lord  Porchester.bomJuneSd,  1772,  M.P. 
ibr  Cricklade,  married,  April  26th,  1796,  Eliiabeth,  daughter  aitd 
heir  of  Colonel  Acklaod,  by  Lady  Harriet  Strangways,  listei  at 
the  second  Earl  of  Ilchester,  by  whom  he  has  issoe,  Hairiet- 
Uisabeth,  bom  June  23d,  17g7j  and  a  son,  bom  in  Jnne  1800. 

3.  Charles,  bom  July  3th,  1774  j  late  M.P.  6*  WUlon,  a  Cap- 


tktL  OF  CASIlNAftVOk.  ^1 

tmia  m  the  NaiTjr,  drowned  in  the  harbour  of  G^on,  b  Spain, 
Sqitember  Uth,  1806,  uMRiod,  Jalf  gth,  I80a,  Bridget-Augotta, 
foorth,  danghteir  of  the  HcD.  John  Byng. 

3.  \^liain/  bom  Janoary  I2th,  177S1  married.  May  lyth, 
I8O6,  the  Hol^.  Letitia-Dorothea,  second  daughter  of  Jaihaa^Ti»» 
coont  Allen. 

4.  George,  bom  February  2i8t,  1779)  married,  September  Itt, 
I8O6,  MissHead*^ 

5.  Percy,  bom  September  17tb,  1780,  died  April  Ut,  1784. 

6.  Algernon,  born  July  12th,  1792. 

7.  Frances,  born  June  5tb,  1/75;  married,  l>ecember  5tb, 
1797,  Thomas,  Lord  Ducie,  and  hat  issue. 

•  » 

Titles.  Henry  Herbert,  Earl  of  Caernarvon,  Baron  Dorchester 
of  High  ClerOj  in  the  county  of  Southampton. 

CreaUoHs.  Baron  Ft^chester,  October  lyih,  178O,  20  Geoign 
Iii«|-  and  Earl  of  Caemanroo,  July  3d,  1793* 

Jrmt,  Per  pale  Assure  and  Gales,  three  liooa  ruapent  Aigent, 
a  cRsscent  for  difference. 

Crest.  On  a  wreath  a  wy?ero  with  wings  elevated  rert,  hold* 
ing  in  his  month  a  sinister  hand,  coupt  ai^the  imst.  Gules, 
charged  on  the  breast  with  a  crescent  for  di&rence. 

Supporters.  On  the  dexter  side,  a  panther  guardant  Argent, 
apotted  Gulet  and  Asure>  and  ire  issuing  out  of  hts  mouth  and 
cars,  proper)  on  the  sinister  side  a  lion  Aigeflt»  each  ducalfy 
gorged  per  pale  Asore  and  Gules,  and  charged  on  the  shoulder 
with  one  «poC  of  emune. 

MoHo.    U»Q  je  sbbviiay* 

Ckirf  Seat.    At  High  Clere,  in  Hampshire. 


»  Dittinf  nUbcd  for  bit  claMictl  aod  poetical  attdnmtatt* 
*  Daughter  of  FraAcit  Head.  Esq.  who  astomed  that  name  in  rfght  of  hb  mo* 
ther,  Oabricllc,  danghttr  and  coheir  of  Sir  Francis  Head,  of  Hermitage,  in  Kent» 
Bart,  who  died  176S.  Gahrielk't  hntbaad  ym  Moset  Mendes,  Esq.  Mm.  He». 
bert*t  mother  was  sirtcr  to  Sir  John  Stopney,  Bart,  and  itmanitd  Utiit.«d«Mfil 
Cowel,  of  the  QoMstnaai  Re^aicnt  of  Foot  Guatdt, 


fBUAO^  at  WGJMI9. 


JENKINSON,  EARL  OF  LIVERPOOL. 

SiE  BoBiKT  JeDkiaaoOi.of  Wdcot,  id  Ibe  coostr  of  Oxod,  Kot 
(■on  of  Robert  JcdIiumoo,*  Eiq.)  bid  tbe  bcoour  of  knighthood 
coofiKTed-oa  him  by  Kiog  Jainea  I.  in  lite  l6th  jror  of  hit  rdgn, 
I6I8.     He  manied  Anu-Maru,  ddat  daoghlet  of  Sir  Robert 

.  Lee,  of  Biltcilce,  in  Warwkkihire,  Knt.  and  had  tereral  cbildiea; 
Anna  Maria,  hii  daughter,  married  Tbomw  Childj  of  Northwike, 
In  Worcestenhire,  Euj.     Sir  Robert  died  in  l645. 

Sir  RosaRT  JenkioscKij  hit  ton  and  heir,  wai  created  ■  Baronet 
by  Kiag  ChariesII.  May  ISth,  1661,  in  the  I3th  year  of  hia 
zeigQ,  and  cboaen  Knigltt  ef  the  ihire  ibr  the  coanly  of  Oxoo; 

-.fifpt,  in  16S4,  and  again  in  the  fint  parliament  af^r  the  mtoni' 
tion  of  the  royal  family,  and  continued  10  till  hii  death. 

He  man-ied  Mary,  daughter  of  ^  John  Bankor^-of  Kingaton- 
faall.  in  the  county  of  Donet,  Knt.  Lord  chief-juttice  of  liie  court 
of  Common -pleai,  in  the  reign  of  King  Charles  I.  and  bad  a 
daughter,  Prancei,  married  to  Thomai  Wheat,  of  GJympton,  in 
Oson,  Esq.  (father  of  Sir  Thoaiu  Wheat,  Bart.),  and  Sir  Robert, 
Itii  (QocetBor,  and  died  lO/J.    He  wai  a  gnat  fnend  of  the  oelc- 

'  *  It  bM  been  uid  tbit  hfe  wm  dcsteodtd  fropt  Anthony  JenkiaHMi,  an  emi. 
BCDt  anifitar  ud  menhuil,  la  ika  rai|iit  of  Edvird  VI.  QaecD  Muy,  Uul 
Qaecn  Eliubtlb,  vba  wu  Ambiuadot  from  2ii|Uod  (o -CanituKirKflci  uid  Ibe 
C»t  of  MuKorr  j  tnd  who  retoniing  nith  i  luge  fortune,  nKed  it  in  Imdi  in 
thB  cooalict  of  Oifbrd  ud  Glouceictr.    The  iraM  ciemplifed  bj  Cundu  hive 

l>  WhsM  Ltiy  immottiljied  htraelf  ij  her  hemic  lojiltr  in  the  Cit!1  Win, 
like  Lad}  AmnAd  and  the  Otwtcn  of  Derby.  Sec  noit  of  the  UiUriet  lad 
■wmain  of  ibMt  tint). 


'  iARL  OP  UVEKPOOL.  B|»8 

Ibiated  Sir  lltttbev  HUe;  who,  by  bis  will,  appointed  bim 
tnista  cf  bis  esMes,  and  goaidian  of  bis  grand-cbildiou^  He 
was  also  a  friend  of  Mr.  Robert  Boyle. 

Sir  Robert  Jenkioson^  second  Bmrcnei,  bis  eldest  soa  and  beir^ 
fuoceeded  hb  fiitber  in  bonoar  and  estate,  and  was  cbosenin  bis 
room,  Knigbt  of  tbe  sbire  for  tbe  ooonty  of  Oxon^  and  so  conti« 
pned  till  bis  deatb. 

He  married  Sarab>  daugbler  to  Tbomas  TomKns»  of  Brbmlej^ 
in  the  county  of  Middlesex,  £sq.  sister  and  sole  bear  to  her  bro* 
tber,  Tbomas,  and  died  Jaojoary  30tb,  ijog,  leaving  several  cbil« 
dren.  One  of  bis  daughters  married  Sir  Jonathan  Cope,  of  Brew* 
em,  in  Oxoo,  Bisrt.  who  died  1765:  she  died  1755. 

Colonel  Charles  Jenkinson,  a  ymtnger  son,  fjfwhom  presently, 
wms  father  of  the  late  Earl  of  Liuei;pooL 

•  Sir  Robert  Jenkinson,  third  Baronet,  eldest  son  and  heir,  sqc« 
oeeded  his  father  in  hononr  and  estate,  and  was  chosen  in  his  room. 
Knight  of  tbe  shire  for  the  county  of  Qxoo,  and  so  continued  till 
bis  death.  He  married  Henrietta-Matia/dangbter  of  Charles 
Scarfooroagh,  Esq.  one  of  the  clerks  of  the  board  of  green-cloth  to 
the  late  Cloeen  Anne  (who  sorviving  bim,  was  re-married  to 
Charles  £versfield,  of  Den,  in  Sussex,  Esq.  member  of  parlia* 
moot  for  Horsham,  in  that  county.)  Sir  Robert  died  October 
29th,  1717,  leaving  no  issue;  and  was  succeeded  in  honour  and 
estate  by  his  next  brother. 

Sir  Robx&t*Bakks  Jenkinson,  yovrM  Baronet,  who  was  choften 
Knight  of  tbe  sbire  for  tbe  county  of  Oxon,  in  his  brother's  room^ 
and  represented  tbe  said  eounty  in  the  next  parlament  He 
matmd  Catherine,  third  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Dash  wood,  of 
Northbrook,  in  tbe  county  of  Oxford,. Bart,  (by  Penelope,  one  of 
tbe  daughters  and  coheirs  of  Sir  Thomas  Cbamberlayne,  of  Wick-* 
bam,  in  tbe  coon^  of  Oxford,  Bart.),  by  whom  be  bad  issue  two 
SODS  and  two  diangbters. 

1.  Catherine.    2.  Robert.    3.  Banks.    And,  4.  Penelope. 
.    Dying  July,  1738,  be  was  succeeded  in  dignity  and  estate  by 
Ids  eldest  son, 

•  8ir  RoasBT  ievk\nw(m,Jifth  Baronet,  wbo  married  Mary,  third 
daogbter  of  ^  Jonathan  Cope,  of  Brewrrn,  in  Oxfordshire^  Bart, 
bf  whom  be  bad  no  issue.  I'his  Lady  died  in  July,  17^>  a^^  3ir 
Robert,  August  Bth,  1766.  He  was  succeeded  in  title  and  estate, 
byJUa  brother, 

c  See  Life  of  Sir  Matthew  Hale« 


804  PJ&BftAOE  CX  eUGLANb. 

Sir  BAVKi  JenkioMNi,  tiaeik  Bttnmtt^  wIm>  died  omnarried  July 
OM,  1790,  and  wm  iiiooeeded  by  bn  coustD^  QkaAe$,  hte  Enl  of 
LtTeipooL 

We  now  tberefofe  letani  to  Col.  Charief  Jenktoioo*  yoosger 
•OB  of  Sir  Robert  Jeokimoo,  tbe  first  Baronet,  bjr  Saiab  TomKiir» 
wbo  it  irported  to  bave  been  brought  into  tbe  army  under  tbe  pa- 
tronage of  tbe  celebrited  Earl  of  Peterborougb.  He  died  \75O9 
having  married  Amantba,  daogbter  of  Wolfran  Cornwall,  a  Cap* 
tain  in  tbe  Royal  Navy;  wbicb  Lady  tnrvived  btm  till  1785*  By 
her  be  bad  i«ie  several  cbildren ;  of  whom  werc^ 

] .  Charles^  late  Earl. 

3.  Colonel  Jobn  Jenkinson,  Joiot-Secretary  fiur  Iroland^  and 
Gentlemin  Usher  to  tbe  Qoeen,  who  died  May  lst«  J  805,  bav* 
iog  married  Praoces,  daughter  of  Rear^ Admiral  John  ftrker,  by 
whom  be  bad  several  childreo ;  of  whom^  Charles,  formerly  in 
tbe  Poot  Guards,  is  now  M.P.  for  Dover;  another  son,  also  in 
the  Guards,  was  killed  at  the  landing  in  Egypt,  1801;  and  an* 
ether  son  died  in  consequence  of  his  wounds  at  the  tiattle  of  T»- 
lavera. 

3.  Elizabeth  married  her  cousin,  the  late  Right  Hon.  Charles 
Wolfian  Cornwall,  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons,  who 
died  1784;  and  died  his  widow,  without  issue,  March  8tb, 
1809. 

4.  Jane,  unmarried. 

Chablbs,  eldest  son,  ftbst  Eabl  of  Lirkapoot,  and  se^ 
venth  Baronet^  was  bom  about  May  l6tb,  1727,  and  educated 
at  the  Charter-house,  whence  he  went  to  Oxford,  where  he  took 
the  degree  of  A.  M.  and  thence  came  to  London  to  seek  his  for-) 
tune  in  the  world;  having  early  distinguished  himself,  by  f he 
active  part  he  took  in  a  celebrated  election  controversy  few  the 
county  of  Oxford,  where  his  alliances  were  numerous,  and  'not 
unconnected  with  tbe  contending  parties.  On  this  oocasion  his 
literary  talents  were  supposed  to  have  contributed  materially  to 
tbe  Interests  of  the  side  he  espoused.  By  the  fint  Earl  of  Har* 
court,  who  was  then  Governor  to  the  King,  as  Prince  of  Wales, 
be  was  introduced  to  his  Majesty;  and  through  tbe  same  channel 
obtained  the  notice  and  conhdence  of  the  Earl  of  Bute,  to  wbom 
*  be  was  private  Secretary.  In  J761,  be  sat  in  parliaiment  as  M.P. 
for  Cockermouib ;  and  held  tbe  office  oi  Under  Secieury  of  State. 
Jo  1763  and  1764,  he  was  Secretary  to  the  Treasury;  in  1766,  be 
was  nominated  one  of  the  Lords  of  the  Admiralty^  and  Irom 
1767  to  1773^  was  a  Lord  of  Iba  Treasury; 


SAUL  OF  LIVBHFOOU  «9^ 

•  Im  1778,  he  wm  mpgtAnmi  Joint  Viocf^Tireatiirer  ef  Iielatid, 
and  called  to  the  FrfTj-coniiel! }  and  in  exchange  for  this  officer^ 
had  afterwards  t|ie  Qeikship  of  the  Pells  in  Iieland,  which  had 
been  porchased  back  by  government  of  Mr.  Charles  Fox. 

In  1778,  he  was  made  Seeretarf  at  War;  which  he  held  tili 
the<downfidl  of  the  North  administration  in  1783. 

Immediately  on  the  accession  of  Mr.  Pitt  to  power  in  1784,  he 
was  appointed  Piesident  of  the  Board  of  TraJe;  of  which  office 
he  oootinned  to  discharge  the  duties  with  nncomrood  indostry  and 
ability,  till  age  and  ill-health  incapacitated  him,  in  1801,  from 
farther  exertions  in  this  department. 

'  In  1786,  he  obUuned  the  sitnation  of  Chancdlor  of  the  Duchy 
of  Lancaster,  which  he  held  till  1 803. 

He  was  elevated  to  the  Peerage,  by  the  title  of  Baxow  Hawk8-» 
BUXT,  tf  Hawkskufy,  in  the  couniy  of  Gloucester,  Augnst  2l8t^ 
17863  and  advanced  to  be  Eaxl  op  Liverpool,  on  Msy  26th, 

1796. 
Having  in  early  life  bent  his  turn  for  literature  to  political 

studies,  he  ttecame  eminently  conversant  more  especially  with 

the  laws  of  nations,  and  the  principles  and  details  of  commerce, 

and  pohdcal  arithmetic.    Of  these  studies,  the  fbUowing  fruits 

appeared  at  various  periods  of  his  life. 

1.  A  Discourse  on  the  Establishment  of  a  National  and  Con« 
stitutional  Force  in  England,  17^6.  This,  though  a  juvenile  per-* 
fomance,  excited  much  attention  and  debate  at  the  time. 

2.  A  Disconrse  on  the  Conduct  of  Great  Britain  in  respect  ttf 
Neatral  Nations,  during  the  present  War,  1758.  This  wai 
esteemed  a  performance  of  very  great  solidity  and  import,  and 
sras  translated  into  all  the  languages  of  Europe. 

-  3.  He  edited  A  Cdlectbn  of  Treaties,  from  1648  to  1783,  in 
8  vpls,  8vo.  1785. 

-  4.  A  Treatise  on  the  Coins  of  the  Realm,  in  a  Letter  to  the 
King,  1805.  Of  this  work  the  Edinburgh  Reviewers  pronounce, 
that  '  it  is  pleasing  to  find  one,  who  must  necessarily  have  been 
bred  among  the  exploded  doctrines  of  the  elder  economists,  sbak* 
ing  himsdf  almost  qnite  loose  from  their  influence  at  an  advanced 
pedod  of  Ufe,  and  betraying,  while  he  resumes  the  fisvourite 
specnlations  of  his  early  years,  so  little  bias  towards  errors,  whiclf 
be  nmst  once  have  imbibed.  It  is  no  less  gratifying,  to  obset^e 
one  who  has  been  educated  b  the  walks  <^  practical  policy,  and 
fcown  oldanud  thehnstle  of  poUic  empbyments,^ 


801  PEEBAQB  OF  tXGLAKD. 

.thedoeliie  of  life  bf  porsoito,  whkb  unite  the  4igBitj<t  acfefice 
with  the  osefoloess  of  active  esertlcm/ 

His  Lordship  died  at  bis  house  in  Hertfisd'Street,  Maj  Pair^ 
December  17th,  J808j  aged  eighty-one.  At  that  6ine  he  hdd 
the  place  of  Collector  of  the  Costoips  Inwards,  tn  the  port  of 
London ;  and  Clerk  of  the  Pells  in  Ireland.  He  was  also  LL.  D« 
It  is^  supposed  that  the  alarm  he  experienced  a  week  bBfort,  at  the 
accident  which  befel  bis  Lady-  (part  of  her  diess  having  caught 
fire^  and  dreadfully  burnt  her  before  the  flames  ooi:dd  be  extiiH 
guished),  greatly  hastened  his  dissolution.  . 

He  was  interred  in  the  family  Tault  at  Hawksbury,  in  Glon«* 
cestenhire.  On  the  coffin  was  inscribed^  *'  Tke  Bight  H^nmuT'- 
able  Charles t  Earl  of  Liverpool,  Baron  Hawisbury  of  Hawksbiky, 
W  tie  county  of  Gloucester,  Baronet,  one  <f  his  Majesty's  most 
Honourable  Privy  Council,  and  LL,D,  Obiit  17  Dec.  |808»  im 
ihe  SOth  year  of  his  age" 

It  is  weli  known  that  dariQg  the  whole  of  the  present  reign  his 
Lordship  made  a  vpcj  conspicuous  figure.  For  the  greater  part 
of  it,  he  shared  the  severe  obloquy  whipl^  attached  to  a)l  t|ie  con* 
fidential  friends  of  the  Bute  adminbtration:  and  as  he  possessed 
the  favour  and  trust  of  his  Sovereign^  he  was  called  the  King's 
Secret  Adviser.  A  suspicion  of  this  kind  the  people  werp  tanght 
to  cheri&h  witb  uncommon  animosity.  Burke's  celebrated 
pamphlet  on  the  Popular  Discontents  encouraged  the  idea;  and 
.  the  leaders  of  this  party  of  sop{iosed  private  power,  were  the  in# 
cessant  objects  of  clamour  with  the  multitude  and  the  disafl^ted, 
liord  Liverpool  lived  long  enough  to  weather  this  storm;  to  see 
his  solid  powers  of  mind,  and  solid  services,  crowned  with  the  re* 
ward  of  high  honours  and  great  wealth;  and  to  behold  his  ancient 
family,  which  in  early  life  he  had  seen  sadly  decline  in  its  pro- 
perty and  consideration,  placed  by  his  own  efibrts  near  the  pin* 
nade  of  ambition;  Senseless  cries  and  prejudices  had  gradually 
died  away;  and  he  was  allowed  to  have  deserved,  as  a  laborious 
and  profound  statesman,  the.  splendid  public  recompeaces  which 
hi&  sovereign  had  conferred  upon  him. 

His  Lordship  married,  first,  Amelia,  daughter  of  William  WattSt 
Esq.  formeriy  Governor  of  Fort- William,  in  Bengal;  and  by  her, 
who  died  in  1770,  he  had  one  son, 

1.  Robert-Banks,  now  Earl  of  LiverpooL 

His  Lordship  married,  secondly,  June  23d,  1782,  Catherine, 
daughter  of  Sir  Cecil  fiiasbopp^  Bait«  widow  of  his  fint  coostflj 


SABL  or  LIYEKFOOL.  a^T 

ttr  Ghtriet  Cbp^  of  OrtDO^LongDenBc^  ia  HuDtHigdemhire»  Bart* 
Iqr  wfaora  fas  had  one  aon  and  one  daugbteri  viz« 

SL  Ccoa-Gope^  bora  Maj  29tlk»  17S4»  elected  M.  P.  for  Sand- 
wich^ in  1807,  and  late  Under-Secretary  to  his  brother,  as  Secro^ 
larj  of  State  for  the  Home  Department. 

3.  Lady  Charlotte,  bom  June  8th,  1783,  married  on  April  1  Itb, 
180/,  to  the  Right  Hon.  Jaoaes  Walter  Grhnstone,  now  Yiscoanl 
Grimstone-,  kc.  Baron  Forrester,  and  Baron  of  Verulan>.  « 

RoBsaT-BANKs,  eldest  son,  succeeded  his  iither  as  sbcond 
£a«l  99  LiTsa^ooiM. ' 

His  Lordship  was  bom  June  7th,  IJJOy  and  being  edocated  at 
the  Charter-house,  and  Oxford,  came  very  early  into  public  life* 
under  the  aaspioes  of  his  fiither. 

In  17Q0,  he  was  returned  M.  P.  for  Rye;  and  in  1794,  was  ap^ 
pointed  Colonel  of  the  new-raised  regiment  of  Cinque-Port  Fen- 
cible  Cavalry. 

In  l7gid,  he  was  appointed  a  C(ftnmbsioner  of  India  Af- 
fdrs. 

In  1801,  he  was  nominated  Secretary  of  State  for  Foreign 
Afiairs,  which  he  exchanged  in  1804,  for  the  Home  Department* 
This  he  resigned  in  Febraary  1806,  on  the  death  of  Mr.  Pitt, 
whom  he  succeeded  at  the  same  time  as  Loan  Waedsk  of  ths* 

CiNaUB-PoRTS. 

In  April  1807,  he  was  again  appointed  Secretary  of  State  for 
the  Home  Department,  which  he  exchanged  for  the  Foreign  De- 
partment in  November  ]  8O9. 

He  was,  on  November  l6tb,  1803,  called  up  to  the  House  of 
(eers  by  writ,  by  the  title  of  Babon  Hawksbubt,  of  Hawks* 
iury;  and  placed  in  the  seat  of  his  father*8  Barony. 

On  March  25th,  1 795,  he  married  Lady  Theodosia  Louisa  Her- 
Tey,  daughter  of  Frederick,  late  Earl  of  Bristol;  by  whom  he  has 
no  issue. 

His  Lordship  is  well  known  to  be  a  man  of  great  talents,  great 
application,  and  a(  great  knowledge,  and  great  practical  experi* 
cnoe  in  public  afiairs. 

Tiile.  Robert-Banks  Jenkinson,  Earl  of  Liverpool,  and  Baron 
Hawksbuiy,  of  Hawksbury. 

Creaiums.  Baronet,  166I;  Baron  Ha wksbury,  of  Hawks- 
boxy,  CO.  Glooo.  August  21st,  1786;  and  Earl  of  Liverpool,  co^ 
Laac.  May  28th,  179^. 


9jB 


PEERAGS  OP  ESGULXUX 


.  jhins.    As.  on  a  ham  wivy  An  a  crasB  pttaa  Go.  in  dWP 
two  etoik  Or.    To  which  weiie  added^  as  an  angnieiitatiaB  t»  tfaa. 
late  Earl,  ]79(!*acfaief  wafj^  Aig.  chaigedwiUilbearaitof  the 
borongh  of  Xiverpod. 

CVef^    A  sea-hor«e,  aamgent  Or,*  VMoed  As;  iopportiog:  a- 
CI08B  patee  Go.. 

Supporters.    Two  eagles,  each  diarged  widi  a  cbcms  patea  on 
the  breast. 

'  Motto.     PaLXA  VQH  sills   FULVSBS. 

Chief  Seats.      Hawkshoiy^   Gloaceaiealbixvi   m&  Wdaer 
Qast)e#  Kent. 


EAHL  OF  ST.  VINCENT. 


JERVK,  EARL  OF  ST.  VINCENT. 

John  Jbkvii,  Eixi  op.St.  Vimcbmi^  has  niw4  hiaueir  to  hii 
pittCDt  high  rank  by  hii  naval  •ervices-    He  ii  doceoded  from 

Jaum  Jervis,  of  Cbatky\l,  in  the  paruh  of  EcdethaU,  co. 
Stafford,  who  left  two  toni, 

1.  BoBMT  Jervu,  of.  Cbatkyll  aforesaid,  Gent.  I7tb  July,  17 
Eliz.  who  bf  the  dapghter  of  Draycottj  of  Faynfley,  had  Robert, 
Jerr'is,  who  died  without  isiue. 

2.  William  Jervii,  of  Ollertoo,  in  the  pariih  of  Stoke  Mpon. 
Teroe,  co.  Salop,  who  had  tuae. 

JoHK  Jerris,  of  Ollerton  afomaid,  who  married  at  Ecclethall, 
in  SutfordsbtFe,  October  26(h,  isgo,  He(eD,  daughter  of—  — 
Wbittington,  by  whom  be  had, 

1.  Thomai  JfenUfOf  OltertoD. 

2.  John  Jervit,  of  Chttkyll,  before  meotioDcd,  who  wai  aged 
■iitjr  five  ia  l664,  and  wa>  buried  at  EcdeahfU,  Sq>teaiber  Slit, 
IO70.  He  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  n)e  heir  to  Johit 
Jervyi,  of  Cbatkyll  aforesaid,  w&o  died  ibere,  aod  was  buried  at 
Ecclethall,  October  4th,  1674.  By  her  he  bad  uk»  (beude*  othec^ 
cbUdren), 

John  Jerry*,  of  Ckatkyll,  who  wai  bom  at  Standon,  Septem- 
ber25th,  1631;  died  at  Cbatkyll,  and  wai  boned  at  Eccleshall, 
October  lU,  l6S0.  He  married  Elisabeth,  dangbter  of  Nicholas 
Wakelln,  of  Geotletbaw,  in  the  paiiib  of  Longdon,  co.  Sraftndj 
who  was  buried  at  Ecdesball,  March  31it,  1^.    By  her  he  had 

Joiw  Jerni,  bis  sod  and  beir,  bora  at  Chatkyll  aforeuid,  wb6 
died,  md  wu  boiicd  at  Dsrluton,  in  the  pariib  of  Stone.    H« 


4m  PEERAGE  OF  ^EMOLAMD. 

married  *Mary»  only  daughter  aad  heir  of  John  Swjmfiso^  har 
apparent  of  Jolm  Svynfen,  of  Swynfen^  co.  Staff;  Bj^.  She  died 
at  Darlastone.    By  her  be  had  issue, 

1.  John  Jervis^  who  was  bora  at  Parlaston^  and  died  at  Brad** 
well^  in  the  parish  of  Sandback»  co.  Chester,  where  he  was  ba« 
ded.  He  married  Grace,  daughter  o€  — —  Warde,  Esq.  who 
was  baried  at  Saodback.    By  her  he  left  descendants.^ 

2.  William  Jervb,  Clerk,  Rector  of  Stone,  co.  Worcester^  who 
was  born  at  Darlaston  in  tOQ5,  and  left  issue. 

3.  Benjamin  Jems,  of  Trowbridge^  co.  Wiks;  borft  at  Dar- 
laston, 1695,  and  died  unmarried. 

4.  Thomas  Jerv!s,  gf  White«Ro^^  Ih  the  pariah  of  Christ- 
church,  Spitalfields,  co.  Middlesex,  bora  at  Darlaston>  in  1^99; 
died  in  London,  leaving  descendants.^ 

5.  Swynfen  Jervis,  of  Meaford,  hereafter  fneniioned, 

6.  Mattliew  Jenris,  of  Trowbridge,  in  Wilts,  bora  at  Darlaston 
in  1704 1  and  died,  and  was  buried  at  Eccleshall,  in  October^ 
1763.  He  married  Grace,  daughter  of  John  Rythesea,  of  Week, 
in  the  parish  of  Trowbridge,  co.  Wilts,  in  November  17^7}  and 
(Red  in  1782;  He  was  grandfather  of  Thomas  Jervis,.  Esq.  Bar- 
rister at  Law;  late  M.  P.  for  Yarmouth,  and  Counsel  to  the  Adr 
mitalty. 

SwYKFBw  Jervis,  Esq.  of  Meaford,  Barrister  at  Law,  the  Jlfth 
•on  before-mentioned,  was  bora  at  Dariaston,  in  November  1700.. 
He  was  Auditor  of  Graenwich  Hospital;  and  died  atMeafbrd> 
February  2l8t,  1771.  He  married,  at  Meaford,  in  1727,  Elisa* 
beth,  daughter  of  George  Parkdr,  of  Park-Hall,  in  the  county  of 
Stafford,  Esq.  and  sister  of  the  Right  Hon.  Sir  Thomas  Parker, 
Knt.  Chief  Baron  of  the  Exchequer.  He  died  at  Meaford,  in 
March,  17S4,  having  had  issue  by  her, 

1 .  WilKam  Jervis,  of  Meaford,  in  the  parish  of  Stone  aforesaid, 
Esq.  bora  in  May  1728,  Gentleman  Usher  of  the  Privy  Cham- 
ber; living  1784.  He  manied.  May  28th,^  1777,  at  Stonie  church, 
Jane,  youngest  daughter  of  Thomas  Hatsell,  late  of  Newcastle^, 
Gent,  who  was  living  unmarried  in  1804,  without  issue. 

•>  He  had  tMtiier  wife,  Ermbech,  daoghcer  of  Jeiuiings,  of  Litt]eo?er» 

#0b  Staff,  by  whom  he  iiad  no  istiie. 

k  The  lait  of  this  line,  I  preaune,  wai  the  late  Mr.  Jervis,  of  Darlaston,  who 
asarried  a  daogbter  of  the  Utt  Gcneial  Trelawner,  who  b  now  lidnf  hit  widow. 

c  Mr.  Swynfen  Jervis,  a  wine-merchant,  in  London^  I  pnsoflie  to  bo  do« 
Kended  from  this  person.  He  has  a  aon,  to  whom  the  late  Mr.  Jeirii^  of  Dar- 
laalopt  hai  left  hii  estates  b  levertioo^  after  his  vridow*t  death. 


EARL  OF  ST.  VINCENT.  401 

2.  John,  DOW  Earl  of  St.  Vincent,  of  whom  presently. 

3.  Elizabeth,  born  l?^,  married  the  Rer.  — ^— .  Batewell. 
She  died  at  Greenwich  without  issne,  and  was  buried  there. 

4.  and  5.  Margaret  and  Mary  died  infants. 

6.  Mary,  born  at  Meaford,  msTrried,  19th  April,  17^7,  William 
Henry  Ricketts,  Bencher  of  Gray's  Inn;  and  of  Canaan,  in  Ja- 
maica; and  of  Longwood>  in  Hampshire,  Esq.  who  was  bom  at 
Canaan,  on  November  gthi  ]  736  (being  twenty-third,  and  only 
surv^vidg  child,  out  of  twenty-seven).  By  him  she  has  had  issue : 
1.  Captain  William  Henry  Ricketts,  a  Captain  in  the  royal  navy, 
born  November  4th,  17^4;  who  took  the  name  of  Jervi$,  by  the 
royal  sign  manual,  13tli  June,  1801 3  and  was  drowned  by  the 
upsetting  of  his  barge  26th  January,  1805.  He  married,  on 
November  $th,  1793,  Lady  Elizabeth  Jane  Lambert,  daufghter  of 
Ridiard,  late  Earl  of  Cavan,  from  whom  be  was  divorced  In 
1799f  ^^^  by  whom  he  had  two  daughters.  2.  Edward  Jervb 
Ricketts,  Esq.  Barrister  at  Law;  now  heir  presumptive  M  the 
Viscounty  of  St.  Vincent  ofMeaford;  married,  29th  January,  17gO, 
the  Hon.  Cassandra  Twisletoo,  daughter  of  Thomas,  lat6  Lord 
Say  and  Sele;  from  whom  be  was  divorced  in  17989  bot  by 
whom  he  had  issue  one  son,  and  two  daughters;  viz.  WilliaiH 
Jervis  Ricketts,  born  April  lltb,  1794;  Eliza,  died  August  29tb;, 
1005;  and  Maria,  born  in  1797*  His  wife  remarried  6n  30th 
January,  I8O6,  Richard  Charles  Head  Graves,  Esq.  3.  Mary 
Ricketts,  born  in .  London,  and  married  at  Paris,  in  France,  ia 
December,  1788,  William  Carnegie,  ndw  Eari  of  Northesk^  by 
#hoQr  she  has  issue. 

John  Jervis,  second  son,  now  Eaxl  ov  St.  Vih^cri/i',  Wis 
bom  at  ^eaford,  January  9th,  1734,  dnd  baptized  at  ^HbM,  20th 
of  the  same  month.  Being  early  brought  up  to  the  Navy,  he 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Post  Captain,  October  13tb,  l7GO\ 
and  early  distinguished  himself  in  his  profession,  panicnlarly  lA 
the  action  with  the  Pegase,  when  he  commanded  the  Foudro3rant, 
April  20tb,  1782,  for  which  he  was  made  a  Knight  of  the  ^ath. 
In  lfS7  he  dbtained  the  rank  of  Admiral. 

In  the  latter  end  of  1793,  his  Majesty  having  determined  to . 
send  a  formidable  armament  to  the  West  Indies,  to  redcice  the 
French  islands  in  that  quarter,  and  to  secui^  his  6Wn'  from  any 
attack  of  the  enemy,  dnder  the  command  at  Lieut.-C^^n^eral  Sit 
Charles  Grey,  K..B.  Vice- Admiral  S?r  J\5hn  Jervis,  K.B.  was  no- 
minated Commander  in  Chief  of  the  naval  fotce  on  the  same 

TOL.  V,  a  o 


402  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

expedition.^  On  Monday,  January  6th,  1 794,  they  arrived  oflf 
Barbadoes.  and  immediately  prepared  for  the  expedition  against 
Martinique;  for  which  the  total  military  force  embarked  was 
6085  effectives,  besides  224  sick.  The  fleet  sailejd  from  Barbadoes 
on  Febfaary  3d,  and  approached  Martinique  on  Wednesday,  Fe- 
bruary 5th.  On  the  following  day  the  General  effected  a  landing. 
After  some  intermediate  operations,  the  town  of  St.  Pierre  was 
attacked  by  sea  and  land,  and  carried.  The  enemy's  strength  was 
then  concentrated  in  one  point  at  Forts  Louis  and  Bourbon. 
These  the  Admiral  now  attacked^  and  on  the  20th  of  February, 
these  strong  holds  were  completely  invested.  On  March  25tb, 
Fort  Bourbon  was  surrendered.  Fort  Louis  also  was  taken  by 
storm. 

The  island  of  Martinique  being  thus  conquered,  the  fleet  and 
army  proceeded  on  March  30tii,  fi>r  St.  Lucia,  which  also  surren- 
tiered  on  the  4(h  of  April. 

On  Tuesday,  April  8th,  the  Commanders  proceeded  against 
Guadaloupe.  Fort  Fleur  D*£pee  was  taken  on  the  12th,  and 
with,  this  fell  Hog-island,  and  Fort  Louis,  an  old  fortification 
commanding  the  entrance  into  the  harbour  of  Point«a-Pitre,  which 
town  also  was  taken  possession  of  at  the  same  time  by  Sir  Charles 
Grey.  On  the  13th,  the  army  was  re*embarked,  and  landed  on 
Basse-Terre,  at  Petit-Bourg,  in  another  part  of  the  island.  The 
Admiral  anchored  in  Ance-de-Bailif.  The  Palmiste  was  taken 
by  assault  $  and  the  Island  of  Guadaloupe  was  surrendered  to' the 
Commander  in  Chief  on  the  23d  of  ApriL*^ 

In  June  an  armament  arrived  from  France,  made  good  their 
landing  on  Grand-Terre,  and  retook  Fort  Fleur  D  Epee  by  storm. 
The  Admiral  was  at  this  time  with  the  General  at  St.  Christo* 
pher's,  on  his  return  to  England.  The  Commanders  instantly 
determined  to  return  to  Guadaloupe,  and  pushed  for  fiasse*Terre, 
where  they  arrived  on  Jime  7th.     Sir  Charles  Grey  took  the 

'  See  **  Jh  Aocttmt  of  th*  Canpalgn  in  the  IVeU  ImHit  in  tht  year  1 794,  tmder 
fke  Cwnmand  of  iheir  ^xcellemlis,  Lieut, ^Gtn.  Sir  Charlet  Grey,  K.  B.  and  Viee^ 
Admiral  Sir  Jolm  yervis,  K.  B.  Commanders  in  Chief  in  the  West  Indies,  H^ith  the 
'Reduction  vf  the  Islands  of  Algriini^ue,  St.  Lucia,  Guadaloupe,  Mariagalante,  De- 
tiadaf  C^c.  And  the  Svemts  thatfotlvmod  those  wtparaUeUei  Smccexses,  and  caused  the 
Loss  ofGuadskupt,  By  tht  Rev.  Cooper  JFMyatBS,  A,  AT.  Vicar  o/Exning,  Sieffbli^ 
4mdlate  Chaplain  of  his  Majisifs  Ship,  Bvfnt,    London,  1796,  4/0. 

c  See  in  Chapter  XI.  of  TVillyamsi  a  refutation  of  the  charges  of  extorted 
contributioos  and  oppressions  alleged  against  the  Cpmmanders  in  Cbicfj  by  cer* 
tj^ln  interested  individuaJs. 


EARL  OF  ST.  VINCENT.  403 

heights  of  Mascot;  and  several  actions  took  place;  bnt  the  Ge- 
neral found  it  now  in  vain  to  attempt  any  thing  against  Fleor. 
D'Epee,  at  this  season^  with  an  army  so  greatly  reduced  by  the 
,  es.     Having  therefore  made  the 

best  arrangements  to  enable  him  to  renew  his  attacks  after  the 
hurricane  months,  he  embarked  on  board  the  Boyne,  which  pro- 
ceeded to  Fort  Royal  Bay.  where  she  was  laid  np  during  tbosei 
months  in  a  strong  harbour,  called  Trois  Islet  ^'ay;  and  the  sick 
and  wounded  v^erc  landed  for  the  benefit  of  fresh  air. 

The  General  tltcn  sailed  with  thotAdmiral  to  Martinique,  and 
established  his  head-quarters  at  St.  Pierre.  On  the  30th  of  Sep- 
tember, the  enemy  having;  been  too  successful  against  the  little 
remnants  of  the  array  in  Gnadaloupe,  the  Admiral  embarked, 
and  sailed  from  Marliniqui^,  and  anchored  off  Grozier,  in  the  bay 
of  Point-a-Piire.  But  our  troops  there,  under  General  Graham, 
reduced  by  fatigue  and  sickness,  and  no  longer  able  to  undergo 
duty,  were  forced  to  capitulate  Sir  John  Jervis,  who  had  made 
every  attempt  to  suci'our  General  Graham's  camp  at  Berville,  and 
had  been  an  uhwiMing  spectator  from  the  fleet  of  the  surrender 
of  that  camp  to  the  enemy,  now  made  sail  for  Basse-Terrc,  to 
render  every  assistance  in  his  power  to  General  Prescot ;  and  on 
Octobt  r  9th,  anchored  w'thiu  half  a  cable's  length  of  the  town. 

•However,  after  various  attempts  to  assist  General  Prescott,  the 
Admiral,  worn  down  by  long  and  severe  exertions,  the  fatigueiB 
of  which  were  augmented  by  his  anxiety  for  the  welfare  of  the 
•ervice,  that  not  all  his  exertions  could  promote,  without  the  arri- 
val of  a  strong  reinforcement,  together  with  the  unhealthiness  of 
the  climate,  found  himself  no  longer  able  to  contimie  on  this 
station ;  and  therefore,  to  the  great  grief  of  General  Prescott, 
was  obliged  to  give  up  bis  command  to  Admiral  Caldwell,  and 
embarking  his  seamen  (under  Lieutenant  James),  from  Fort  Ma- 
tilda, sailed  for  St.  Pierre;  when  every  thing  being  arranged  be- 
tween the  several  Commanders,  Sir  Charles  Grey,  and  his  suite, 
embarked  once  more  with  Sir  John  Jervis,  on  board  the  Boyne, 
On  November  27th,  they  sailed  for  England;  and  after  a  tedious 
voyage  (beilig  for  near  a  month  tossed  about  in  the  Channel  by 
contrary  winds),  arrived  at  Spiihead,  January  21st.  179^. 

In  February  1797,^  he  fouH:ht  the  famous  battle  otf  the  Cape  of 
St.  Vincent,  for  which  be  was  rewarded  with  a  Peerage.    The 

^  He  succeeded  Admiral  Hotbain  in  the  cofttmand  of  the  Mediterranean!  in 
1795.    See  Ckrh\  Lift  rfUrd  Iftlm,  FU.  /. 


4W  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

New  Annual  Register,  of  1/^7 >  gives  the  following  account  of  thii 
glorious  victory : 

''  The  Bristish  fleets  or,  to  speak  more  comedy,  the  British 
squadron  under  the  command  of  Admiral  Sir  John  Jervis, 
amounted  to  no  more  than  fifteen  sail  of  the  line,  four  frigates* 
a  sloop  of  war,  and  a  cutter.  Of  these,  six  were  three  deckers  j 
eight  were  of  74  guns  $  and  one  of  64.  The  Spanish  fleet  con* 
sbted.of  twenty-seven  sail  of  the  line;  one  of  which  was  a  four 
decker,  and  carried  136  guns;  six  were  three-deckers^  of  lia 
guns  each ;  two  of  84  guns^  .and  eighteen  of  74. 

''  The  Spanish  Admiral,  Don  Josef  de  Cordova,  had  sailed  from 
Carthagena  on  the  4th  of  February,  and  passed  Gibraltar  on  the 
following  daji  having  left  in  that  bay  three  line  of  battle  ships, 
supposed  to  be  laden  with  military  stores  for  the  Spanish  troopa 
before  that  garrison.  On  the  night  of  the  lltb,  thb  fleet  had 
been  discovered  by  the  Minerva  firigate,  which  carried  the  broad 
pendant  of  Commodore  Nelson,  then  on  his  way  from  the  Medi«^ 
terranean  to  join  Admiral  Jervis.  Captain  Foote,  of  the  Niger, 
also  kept  company  with  them  for  some  days  previous  to  the  13th  3 
and  that  night  they  approached  so  near  the  British  fleet,  that  their 
^igcial  guns  were  distinctly  beard.  The  signals  were,  therefore, 
mad^  that  night  for  the  British  fleet  to  prepare  for  battle;  and  at 
day-break  on  the  14th,  they  were  in  complete  order.  The  morn- 
ing was  dark  and  hazy;  but  about  half-past  six, the  Culloden  mad« 
the  signal  for  five  sail  in  the  south-west  quarter;  at  eight  o'clock, 
the  squadron  was  ordered  to  form  in  close  order,  and  in  a  fisw 
minutes  afler,  the  signal  was  repeated  to  prepare  for  battle. 

"  At  aiittle  after  ten^  the  Minerva  fligate  made  the  signal  for 
twenty  sail  in  the  south-west  quarter)  and  hi  about  half  an  hour 
after,  the  enemy*s  fleet  were  visible  to  all  the  British  squadron. 
The  ships  first  discovered  by  the  Culloden,  were  at  this  period 
separated  from  their  main  body,  which  was  bearing  down  in  some 
confusion  to  join  the  separated  ships.  .  It  appeared  to  have  been 
the  British  Admiral's  intention  at  the  first,  to  cut  oflf  these  ves« 
sels  from  the  enemy's  fleet,  before  the  main  body  could  airive  to 
their  assistance}  and  with  this  view,  the  flMt  saUing  ships  werp 
ordered  to  chace;  but  observing  the  near  position  of  their  maiO) 
body,  he  afterwards  formed  hia  fleet  into  9  line  of  b9,ttle  a  head 
and  a-stern,  as  most  convenient. 

''  At  about  twenty-six  minutes  past  eleven,  the  Admiral  com« 
ipunicated  his  intention  to  pass  through  the  enemy's  line;  and 
immediately  after  the  signal  was  nuide  to  oigiige.    At  about  htif 


EARL  OP  ST.  VINCENT.  405 

past  eleven,  the  action  commenced  by  the  van  ship,  the  CuUodeh^ 
commanded  bj  Captain  Troubridge,  firing  against  the  enemy's 
headmost  ships  to  the  windward]  as  the  squadron  advanced^ 
however,  the  action  became  more  genera! ;  and  it  was  soon  appa« 
rent,  that  the  British  Admiral  had  accomplished  his  design  of* 
passing  through  the  enemy's  line.  In  the  meai}  time,  the  regular 
and  animated  fire  of  the  British  fleet  was  but  feebly  returned  by 
the  enemy's  ships  to  windward,  which  were  also  completely  pre- 
vented from  joining  their  companions  to  leewarcf,  and  obliged  to 
haul  their  wind  on  the  larboard  tack,  l^hus  a  part  of  the  Spanish' 
fleet  was  effectually  cut  off  from  the  main  body,  and  they  were 
reduced  to  the  necessity  of  also  forming  on  their  larboard  tack, 
apparently  with  the  intention  of  passing  through,  or  to  the  lee- 
ward of  Uie  British  line;  but  such  was  the  reception  they  expe- 
rienced from  the  centre  of  the  British,  that  they  were  obliged  to 
put  about,  and  did  not  appear  again  in  the  action  till  the  close  ot 
the  day. 

''  The  British  Admiral  having  thus  fortunately  obtained  his 
first  object,  now  directed  his  whole  attention  to  the  enemy's  main, 
body  to  windward)  which  was  reduced  at  this  time,  by  the  sepa- 
ration of  the  ships  to  leeward,  to  eighteen  sail  of  tbe  line.  At  a 
little  after  twelve  o*clock,  the  signal  was  made  for  the  British' 
fleet  to  tack  in  succession,  and  soon  after,  the  signal  for  again 
passing  the  enemy's  line;  while  the  Spanish  Admiral's  design  ap- 
peared  to  be,  to  join  his  ships  to  leeward  by  wearing  round  the 
rtar  of  the  British  line;  The  intention  of  the  enemy  was,  how- 
ever, soon  perceived  by  Conmiodore  Nelson;  whose  station  in  tbe 
rear  afforded  him  an  opportunity  of  observing  the  manoeuvre.  In 
order  to  frustrate  the  design,  therefore,  his  ship,  the  Captain,  had 
no  sooner  passed  the  Spanish  rear,  than  he  ordered  her  to  wear, 
and  stand  on  the  other  tack  towards  tbe  enemy. 

^'  In  executing  this  bold  manoBUvre,  tlie  Commodore  found 
himself  alongside  of  the  Spanish  Admiral,  the  Santissima  Trini- 
dada,^  of  ia6  guns,  which  is  said  to  be  the  largest  ship  at  present  in 
existence.  Notwithstanding  this  immense  disparity  (the  Captain 
being  only  a  seventy  four),  this  brave  officer  did  not  shrink  from 
the  contest;  though  the  Spaniard  was  also  warmly  supported  by 
her  two  seconds  a  head  and  a  stern,  which  were  each  of  thrm 
three  deckers.  While  he  sustained,  however,  this  unequal  conflict, 
his  friends  were  eagerly  pressing  to  his  assistance  3  the  enemy's 
attention,  therefore,  was  soon  directed  to  the  CuUodcn,  Captain 

S  Afterwards  t-kcn  and  sunk  in  the  barle  of  Tr.lalfir. 


406  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Trowbridge;  and  the  Blenheim,  Captain  Frederick ;  and  the  able 
support  afforded  by  these  vessels  to  Commpdore  Nelson,  and  the 
approach  of  Rear-Admiral  Parker  with  four  others  of  the  British 
line,  determined  the  Spanish  Commander  to  relinquish  his  design 
of  rejoining  his  ships  to  leeward,  and  to  make  the  signal  for  his 
main  body  to  haul  their  wind,  and  make  sail  on  the  larboard 
tack. 

*'  The  advantage  was  now  evidently  on  the  side  of  the  British; 
and  while  the  advanced  division  warmly  pressed  the  centre  and 
rear  of  the  enemy,  the  Admiral  meditated  with  his  division  a  co- 
operation, which  might  effectually  compel  some  of  them  to  sur- 
render. In  the  confusion  of  their  retreat,  several  of  the  Spanish 
ships  had  doubled  on  each  other.  It  was  therefore  Admiral 
Jervis\s  plan,  to  reach  the  weathermost  of  tho«e  ships,  then  to 
bear  up,  and  take  them  all  in  succession,  with  the  seven  ships 
composing  his  division.  The  casual  position  of  the  rear  ships  in 
bis  own  division,  however^  prevented  the  executing  this  design. 
He  therefore  ordered  the  leading  ship,  the  Excellent,  Captain 
Collingwood,  to  bear  up,  while  with  his  own  ship,  the  Victory, 
he  passed  to  leeward  of  the  rearmost  ships  of  the  enemy.  Captain 
Collingwood,  in  obedience  t^  the  Admiral's  orders,  passed  be- 
tween the  two  rearmost  ships  of  the  enemy ;  and  gave  one  of 
them,  the  San  Isidro,  so  effectual  a  broadside,  that  having  been 
much  injured  before,  she  was  obliged  to  submit.  The  Excellent 
then  passed  on  to  the  relief  of  the  Captain,  which  was  engaged 
with  a  three  decker,  carrj'ing  a  flagj  but  before  she  could  arrive, 
this  vessel  became  entangled  with  her  second,  a  two  decker.  la 
this  state  they  were  both  boarded  by  the  Captain;  and  the  smaller 
of  them  (the  San  Nicholas),  was  in  a  short  time  in  the  possession 
of  her  opponents.  The  three  decker,  the  San  Joeeph,  followed 
the  fate  of  her  second,  and  became  immediately  a  prize  to  Com- 
modore Nelson,  who  headed  the  party  which  boarded  her  fron> 
the  San  Nicholas.  In  the  mean  time.  Admiral  Jervis  ordered  the 
Victory  to  be  placed  on  the  lee  quarter  of  the  rearmost  ship  of 
the  enemy,  the  Salvador  del  Mundo;  and  threw  in  so  effectual  a 
discharge,  that  her  commander  seeing  the  BarBeiir,  carrying  Vice<- 
Admiral  Waldegrave's  flag,  bearing  down  to  second  the  Victory, 
thought  proper  to  strike. 

**  Thus  four  of  the  enemy's  ships  were  in  possession  of  the  Bri- 
tish; while  the  van  ships  continued  to  press  hard  on  the  Santis- 
sima  Trinidada,  the  Spanish  Admiral's  ship,  and  the  others,  which 
composed  the  rear  of  the  flying  fleet    The  career  of  victory  was^ 


EARL  OF  ST.  VINCENT.  407 

bowerer,  stopped  by.circumitances  not  in  the  power  of  the  British 
ComoDander  to  control.    The  shrps,  which  in  the  rooming  4iad' 
been  separated  from  the  maia  body  of  the  Spanish' fleety  were  now 
able  to  make  their  approach;  two  fresh  ships  also,  which  had  not 
appeared  in  the  potion,  bore  down  from  windward,  and  two  of. 
the  flying  ships  tacked  about  to  support  their  chiefs.     These  cir- 
cumstances, therefore,  with  the  lateness  of  the  hour,  and  the 
necessity  of  securing  the  prizes,*  determined  the  conquering  Ad-  * 
miral  to  bring  to.    A  little  after  four  in  the  afternoon,  the  signal 
was  made  to  this  effect;  and  a  strong  line  was  formed  for  the> 
protection  of  the  prizes  and  disabled  vessels.     The  enemy's  fresh. 
ships;  on  approaching,  opened  a  fire  on  the  covering  ships;  but 
though  superior  in  number,  and  fresh  for  action,  they  contented, 
themselves  with  a  few  irregular  broadsides,  and  left  the  British 
Admiral  to  sail  off  triumphantly  with  his  prizes,  which  the  reader, 
jvill  remember  amoonted  to  four;  viz.  two,  the  Salvador  deb 
Mundo,  and  the  San  Josef,  of  112  guns;  the  San  Nicholas  of  84,. 
and  the  San  Isidro,  of  74  guns.    The  Spanish  Admiral,  which 
was  greatly  the  object  of  attention  to  the  British  ships,  was  ren- 
dered a  perfect  wreck ;  her  firing  had  ceased  before  the  close  of 
the  action,  and  some  even  affirm,  that  she  had  struck  her  colours; 
The  loss  of  the  British  in  this  engagement,  in  killed  and  wounded, 
was  exactly  300  men.    The  loss  of  the  Spaniards  which  were 
captured,  amounted  to  603;  and  the  ships  which  escapet  must 
also  have  suffered  considerably. 

**  So  important  a  victory  with  so  decisive^  a  disparity  of  force,- 
is,  perhaps,*  unparallelled  in  our  naval  annals.  Tbe  ability  dis- 
played by  the  Commander,  was  only  to  be  equalled  by  the  valour 
and  adroitness  of  the  seamen;  indeed,  we  have  been  informed  byi 
an  eye-witness,  that  the  fire  of  the  British  was  superior  to  that  of 
their  opponents,  in  the  proportion  of  five  or  six  to  one,  during 
the  whole  of  the  action;  and  the  expenditure  of  ammunition  was 
consequently  beyond  example.  The  CuUoden,  it  is  said,  expended 
170  barrels  of  powder;  the  Captain,  146;  and  the  Blenheim, 
180.  The  Spaniards  fought  bravely,  but  with  little  skill;  and  it  is 
but  fair  to  remark,  that  their  fieet  was  ill -equipped,  and  very  in<f 
differently  manned,  and  in  no  respect  fit  for  action ;  their  fiag-ship 
bad  not  more  than  sixty  or  eighty  seamen  on  board;  the  rest  con- 
sisted of  impressed  landmen,  or  soldiers  of  their  new  levies. 
.  "  As  the  port  of  Cadiz  had  been  their  original  destination,  and 
as  many  of  their  ships  were  disabled,  the  Spaniards  manifested  no 
inclination  to  renew  the  action,  but  took  shelter  in  Cadiz;  wher« 


4Ci  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

they  bsv«  ever  since  remained  blocked  up  by  the  Tictorioot  Ad-- 
miral.  Soon  after  the  news  arrived  of  the  engagement.  Sir  John 
Jervia  was  created  a  British  Peer>  by  the  title  of  Lord  St.  Ftnanif 
in  allusion  to  the  place  where  this  extraordinary  victory  was 
achieved.** 

For  thb  victoxy  Sir  John  Jervis  was  rewarded  with  an  Earldom^ 
being  created  Barow  Jbrvis  of  Me<^ord,  in  the  county  of  Staf- 
ford, and  Eahl  op  St.  Vincbmt,  to  him  and  the  heirs  male  of 
his  body,  by  patent  dated  June  23d,  1797.  He  afterwards  ob- 
tained a  patent  for  a  Viscounty,  with  a  collateral  limitation, 
being  created  by  patent  dated  April  27th,  1801,  Viscount  St. 
ViHCBMT  of  Meaford,  in  the  c6unty  of  Stqffhrd,  to  him  and  the 
heirs  male  of  his  body  lawfully  begotten ;  and  in  default,  to  Wil* 
liam  Henry  Ricketts,  Esq.  Captain  in  his  Majesty's  navy,  son  of 
Mary  Ricketts,  by  William  Henry  Ricketts,  Esq.  late  of  the  Island 
of  Jamaica;  which  said  Mary  Ricketts  is  the  sister  of  the  said* 
John,  Earl  of  St.  Vincent,  and  the  heirs  male  of  his  body  lawfully 
begotten,  and  in  default  of  such  issue,  to  Edward  Jervis  Ricketts, 
Esq.  Barrister  at  Law,  another  son  of  the  said  Mary  Ricketts,  by 
the  said  late  William  Henry  Ricketts,  and  brother  of  the  said 
William  Henry  Ricketts,  the  said  other  son  of  the  said  Mary 
Bioketts,  and  the  heirs  male  of  his  body  lawfully  begotten ;  and 
in  default  of  such  issue,  to  Mary,  Countess  of  Northesk,  daugh- 
ter ef  th^  said  Mary  Ricketts;  and  after  the  decease  of  the  said 
Mary,  Countess  of  Northesk,  and  in  de&ult  of  such  issue,  as  well 
of  the  said  John,  Earl  of  St.  Vincent,  as  of  the  said  William 
Henry  Ricketts,  and  Edward  Jervis  Ricketts,  as  aforesaid,  to.  the 
heirs  male  of  the  body  of  the  said  Mary,  Countess  of  Northesk^ 
lawfully  begotten. 

In  March,  1.80],  when  the  reins  of  Administration  were  com- 
mitted to  Mr.  Addington,  the  Earl  of  St.  Vincent  was  appointed 
First  Ixnrd  of  the  Admiralty.  In  this  situation,  his  Lordship  in- 
troduced various  extensive  reforms,  of  which  the  expediency  hat 
been  difierently  considered  by  opposite  parties.  Mr.  Pitt  8aid> 
*'  I  admire  the  uncommon  valour,  I  extol  the  vast  renown,  the 
the  glorious  achievements  of  Lord  St.  Vincent.  To  him  we  axe 
highly  indebted  for  shedding  extraordinary  lustre  on  our  national 
glory.*'  But  Mr.  Pitt,  at  the  same  time,  expressed  his  opinion^ 
that  "  between  his  Lordship  as  a  Commander  at  sea,  and  hit 
Lordship  as  First  Lord  of  the  Admiralty,  there  was  a  wide  xdi^ 
fercQce.**^ 

t^  Giffoid^t  Life  of  Pitt,  IV.  699. 


^RL  OF  ST.  VINCENT. :  409 

His  Lordship  had  afterwards  for  some  time  the  command  of  the 
Channel  fleet. 

His  Lordship '  married  at  Southweald,  in  Essex,  his  first  cousin, 
Martha,  daughter  of  the  Right  Hoq.  Sir  Thomas  Parker;  but  has 
no  issue. 

Titles,  Joha  J&n/is,  Earl  of  St.  Viitcent,  Visoouot  St.  Vincent, 
and  Baron  Jervis,  of  Meaford. 

Creations,  Earl'  of  St.  Vincent,  and  Baron  Jerris,  of  Meaford, 
by  patent  June  2i(d,  1797;  and  Viscooot  St.  Vincent,  of  Meaford* 
April  27th,  1801. 

jirms.    Sable,  a  chevron  Ermine,  between  three  martlets.  Or. 

Crest,     A  demi-Pegasus  issuing  from  a  wreath. 

Sufporters.  On  the  dexter  side,  an  eagle  grasping  in  his  left 
talon  a  thunder-bolt;  on  the  sinister  side,  a  Pegasus  charged  on 
Ihe  wing,  with  a  flear-de-luoe. 

Motto,    Thus. 

Seat,    Rockets,  Essex. 

>  Mr.  Clarke,  in  his  late  splendid  Life  of  Lord  Mekon,.  makes  tb«  foUoviof 
mention  of  bis  Lordihip :  **  With  the  reputation,  which  Sir  John  Jervis  had 
gained  in  the  various  gradations  of  the  service,  was  united  a  thorough  knowledge 
of  the  politics  of  the  British  Empire  and  of  Europe,  and  a  keen  discrimination  of 
the  real  character  and  abilities  of  those  officers  who  served  under  him.  NaCarallf 
of  an  ambitious  ditpoeition,  and  professionally  a  strict  disciplinarian,  he  despised 
ihe  trammels,  and  sometimes,  perhaps,  forgot  the  feelings,  which  repress  common 
minds  J  and  being  determined  strictly  to  execute  the  important  duties  entiuste^ 
to  him,  be  resolved  that  erery  person  in  the  fleet  should  rigidly  do  the  same.** 
Clary s  XJfi  rf  Lord  Nflsott,  I,  241* 


PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 


CADOGAN,  EARL  CADOGAN. 

1  nia  family  of  Cadogan  was  of  great  honour  and  antiquirj  in 
Wales,  as  the  writers  of  the  WcMi  bistorj'  and  lUeir  genealogist* 
altest;  being  dest-ended  from  Kelidlyn,  Prince  of  fowjs,  and 
Beinger,  daughter  and  heir  to  Tydjr  Trevor,  Prince  of  Ferley, 
whose  grandsou,  Kydwgan,  Lord  of  Radnor,  with  his  three  sons, 
defended  hrs  territories  agninst  King  Henry  I.  From  whom  in 
lineal  drsccnt,  wssThom-iS  Cadogan,  Valtctus  Corone,  as  he 
writes  himself  in  bis  'last  will  and  testament,  dated  June  I2tl), 
1511.  and  the  probate  is  dated  on  July  12th  following.  He 
Iberein  orders  his  bodjr  to  be  buried  in  the  cbmch  of  Dunslerj 
and  bequeaths  to  the  church  of  the  Blessed  Mary  of  Penrise,  hb 
best  tunick,  and  to  Lewis  Cadngan,  one  of  his  gowns.  The 
residue  of  all  his  goods,  chattels,  &c.  he  Ix-queaths  to  Christian 
his  wife  (whom  he  makes  his  sole  executor),  and  to  William  Ca* 
dogan,  and  John  Cadogan,  bis  sons. 

Which  William  Cadogan  wasof  Croftney,  and  Proitrey-Anrh, 
in  com.  Monm.  Esq.  and  by  Anne  his  wife,  daughter  of  George 
Arnault,  had  issue  two  sons;  William,  of  Croftney,  and  Henry. 

HsNaT  was  seated  at  Llanbeder,  in  the  count7  of  Pembroke) 
and  having  married  Catharine,  daughter  of  Thomas  Stradling,  a 
younger  son  of  the  Stradlings  of  St.  Dona t's- castle,  in  Glamorgan' 
■hire,  had  iisue, 

Willi AU,  bom  at  Cardiff,  February  5tb,  iGOl;  he  went  aver 
to  Ireland  with  the  Earl  of  Sttafibrd,  and  taking  to  a  military  life, 
was,  in  1641,  a  captain  of  borse;  and,  in  164Q,  being  a  Major, 
wai  (as  Sir  Richard  Cox  observes  in  his  History  of  Ireland),  sent 

■  Ei  R^g'iat.  Fcuiplacr,  q.  iS,  id  cur.  Pixtog.  Cut, 


EARL  CADOGAN.  411 

from  Dublin  with  a  party  to  discover  the  enemy,  aod  to  slacken 
their  march  j  and  did  iiiemorable  service,  not  only  in  destroying 
the  country  about  Teerogban,  but  in  cutting  off  a  great  many  of 
the  enemy.  He  likewise  engaged  those  wicked  traitors,  Phelin 
Oneile,  and  Owen  O'Rowej  and,  b;:iiig  very  serviceable  in  the 
reduction  of  Ireland,  was  constiiuted  governor  of  the  borough  and 
castle  of  Trim,  in  that  kingdom}  in  wuich  post  he  died  on  March 
14th,  ]  660-1,  and  was  buried  at  Trim,  where  a  moomnent  is 
erected  to  his  memory,  with  ihe  following  inscription: 

Hie  juKta  conditas  sunt  exuviae  clarlssimi  viri  GuHelmi 
Cadogan,  armigerij  qui  praenobili  Thomae  Comiti 
StrafFordiae,  Hibernise  sub  auspiciis  Caroii  primi  pro- 
regis,  fuit  a  secretisj  necnou  ob  eximias  animi  dotes 
accepdssimus,  postea,  perduellione  SiTviente  dirk,  pro 
rcligione,  rcge,  palriaque,  majori  titulo  decoratus, 
for  liter  diaiicavit.  Deinde  burgo  et  castro  Trimensl 
meritorum  ergo  praefuit,  ac  contra  nefarios  proditdies 
Phelinum  0*Neile  et  Audoenum  O'Rowe  strenuo 
propognavit.  Natus  est  5^**  die  Februarii,  anno  l60O, 
CardiifisB,  oppidi  apud  Cambrienses  non  obscuri;  an- 
tiquas  et  illustri  prosapi^  ortus,  filius  nempe  primo- 
genitus  Henrici  Cadogan  de  Lanbedder,  filii  natu 
secundi  Gulielmi  Cadogan  de  Frobtrey-arch  in  comi- 
tatu  Monmothiae  armigeri,  qui  a  principibus  Cambro- 
Britannicis  paternum  genus  deduxit.  Matrem  ha- 
buit  equestri  et  celebri  gente  Stradlingorum  castro  de 
Sancto  Donato  in  agro  Glamorganiensi  prognatam; 
scilicet  Caiharinam  filiam  Thomae  Slradling  de  Mer- 
thur-Maur  in  eodtm  agro  armigeri,  lilii  Roberti 
fratris  junioris  Domini  Thomae  Stradling  de  castro 
Sancto  Donato  equitis  aurati  ejusdem.  E  vivis  ex- 
Cfssit  14"  die  Martii  anno  domini  j660,  ubi  primum 
viderat,  quo  nit^il  magis  in  votis  habuit,  auspi.atissimum 
Regem  Carolum  Secundum  ex  iniquio  exilio  reducem 
et  salvum. 

Henry,  his  son,  who  was  a  counsellor  at  law,  died  on  January 

13th,  1713-14,  and  was  buried  at  Chrii:t-cliurch,  in  Dublin.     He 

married  Bridget,  daughter  to  Sir  Hardress  Waller,  Knt.  by  whom 

he  had  two  sons,  \\  illiam,  first  Earl  of  Cadogan  j  and  Charles, 

second  Lord  Cadogan;    also  a  daughter,  Penelope,  married  to  Sir 


412  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Thomas  Prender^st^  Bart,  who  was  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  foot, 
and  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Tanniers  (or  Malplaquet),  near 
Mons,  on  September  11th,  N.S.  1709. 

William,  first  Earl  op  Cadooan,  the  eldest  son,  took  (0  n 
military  life  from  his  youth,  and,  by  his  merits,  gradually  rose  to 
be  General  of  his  Majesty's  forces.  He  eminently  distinguished 
himself  in  the  wars  under  King  William,  both  in  Ireland,  at  the 
battle  of  the  Boyne,  and  in  Flanders. 

In  1701,  he  was  made  Quarter-master -general  of  the  army, 
when,  on  the  King  of  Spain's  death,  a  new  war  threatened  Eu- 
rope, and  King  William,  sensible  of  his  own  declining  health, 
declared  the  Earl  of  Marlborough  general  of  the  foot,  and  com- 
mander in  chief  of  the  forces  in  Holland. 

In  1703,  he  was  constituted  Colonel  of  the  second  regiment  of 
horse;  and  Brigadier-general  on  August  25th,  1704;  having  that 
year  gallantly  behaved,  both  at  the  attack  of  Schellemberg,  on 
July  ad,  and  at  the  battle  of  Hochstet,  on  Angust  2d.  He  was 
in  the  Ifeat  of  the  action  at  the  attack  of  Schellemberg,  wherein 
Le  had  several  shots  in  his  clothes,  and  was  slightly  wounded  in 
his  thigh.  On  June  11th,  1705,  he  was  elected  member  of  par- 
liament for  Woodstock;  and  on  July  18th,  N.  S.  the  same  year, 
lit  the  fbrcing  of  the  French  lines  near  Tirlemont,  he  also  behaved 
with  remarkable  bravery  at  the  head  of  his  regiment,  which  first 
attacking  the  enemy  had  such  success,  that  they  defeated  four 
squadrons  of  Bavarian  guards,  drove  them  through  two  battaliona 
of  their  foot,  and  took  four  standards. 

He  was  in  the  battle  of  Bamelies,  fought  on  May  12th,  1706} 
after  which  the  Duke  of  Marlborough  sent  from  his  camp  at 
Meerlebeck,  on  June  3d,  N.  S.  Brigadier  Cadogan,  with  six  squa- 
drons of  horse,  and  his  letter  to  the  governor  of  Antwerp,  to  in- 
vite him  and  the  garrison  to  the  obedience  of  King  Charles  III. 
and  acquainting  bis  Grace  that  ten  battalions  were  in  the  city  and 
castle  of  Antwerp,  who  seemed  inclined  to  surrender  on  honour- 
able terms,  the  Duke  thereupon  sent  him  an  authority  to  treat 
with  them.  And  after  some  conferences,  wherein  they  prayed 
they  might  have  leave  to  go  to  the  Elector  of  Bavaria,  to  receive 
his  directions  upon  the  conduct  they  were  to  observe  on  the  sum- 
mons; finding  chat  his  Grace  did  not  think  fit  to  grant  their  re- 
quest, and  that  he  was  determined  to  reduce  them,  and  that 
Brigadier  Cadogan,  already  posted  near  the  city,  had  the  Diike*s 
orders  to  give  the  garrv^on  no  more  iban  four  liours  time  to  con- 
sider of  the  capitulation  offered  ihcm,  they  complied  therewith; 


EARL  CADOGAN.  413 

and  the  garrison,  consisting  of  six  French  and  six  Spanish  regi- 
meatSi  were  allowed  to  march  out  in  three  days,  and  be  conducted 
lo  Quesnoy.  Bnt  of  the  Walloon  regiment,  consisting  of  600 
men  each,  only  372  men  marched  out;  the  rest  entering  into  the 
service  of  King  Charles,  except  some  few  who  were  not  in  condi- 
tion to  serve,  and  returned  to  their  respectire  dwellings.  After* 
wards,  towards  the  close  of  the  campaign  that  year,  he  was  taken 
pfiMMier;  of  which  our.  Gazette,  No.  42 J2,  gives  this  account^ 
from  the  Duke  of  Marlborough*s  camp  at  Helcbin,  before  Menin, 
August  l6th :  ''  The  army  made  a  general  forage  this  morning 
within  a  mile  of  Tournay,  with  a  guard  of  6000  foot  and  800 
horse.  The  foragers  came  home  without  loss;  but  Brigadier  Ca  • 
'  dogan,  as  he  was  posting  two  advanced  squadrons  nearer  to  the 
town,  had  the  misfortune  to  be  taken  prisoner,  and  was  carried 
into  Toumay."  However,  he  remained  there  only  three  days;  the 
Duke  of  Vendosrae  sending  him,  on  August  19th,  to  the  Duke 
•f  Marlborough's  camp,  upon  his  parole;  and^  five  days  after  he 
was  exchanged  for  the  Baron  Palavicini,  a  Major-general  in  the 
French  service,  taken  at  the  battle  of  Ramelies.  On  January  ist, 
1706*7,  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Major  general  of  her 
Majesty's  forces. 

On  Mr.  Stepney's  decease  in  1707,  he  succeeded  him  as  Mini- 
ster Plenipotentiary  in  the  government  of  the  Spanish  Netherlands  ^ 
of  which  our  Grazette,  No.  43^0,  gives  this  account :  *'  Brussels, 
December  5th,  1707.  Mr.  Cadogan,  Major-general  of  her  Ma-» 
jesty's  armies,  arrived  here  on  the  2^th  of  the  last  noonth,  where 
he  is  to  reside  with  the  character  of  Envoy-extraordinaiy  iind 
Plenipotentbry  of  the  Queen  of  Great  Britain*'  And  he  soon 
after,  in  conference,  brought  to  a  conclusion  the  negociation  for 
the  speedy  exchange  of  prisoners >  and,  haviug  shared  in  the  most 
difficult  enterprizes  throughout  the  war,  was  constituted  a  Lieu- 
tenant-general on  January  10th,  17O8-9. 

On  September  lOth,  N.S.  1709,  the  day  before  the  battle  of 
Taniers,  near  Mons,  when  the  two  armies  were  in  sight  of  eacb 
other,  and  an  officer  from  the  French  having  made  a  signal  for  a 
truce,  several  of  both  sides  met  in  a  firiendly  manner,  and  the 
French,  inquiring  for  an  officer  of  distinction,  desired  htm  to  ac- 
quaint the  Duke  of  Marlborough,  that  the  Marshal  de  Villars  had 
some  afiair^  of  importance  to  propose  to  his  Grace,  and  that  he 
woald  be  pleased  to  send  a  trusty  person,  to  whom  he  might  com- 
municate the  same.  Whereupon  his  Grace  sent  General  Cadogan 
to  know  what  Marshal  Villars  had  to  ofier  j  whereby  being  nearer 


414  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND- 

the  French  array,  than  otherwise  he  coald  have  been,  he  imfiroved 
the  opportunity  so  effectually,  that,  by  viewing  their  intrench- 
ments  in  the  corner  of  the  wood  at  Tanniers,  he  directed  the 
colonel  of  the  artiller}*,  whom  he  took  with  him,  to  observe  where 
be  dropped  bis  glove,  and  there,  in  the  night  to  plant  his  cannon; 
which,  by  enfilading  their  lines  the  next  morning,  greatly  contri- 
buted to  the  forcing  them,  and  was  the  principal  means  of  ob- 
taining that  victory.  Also  on  the  siege  of  Mons,  which  ensued, 
being  (as  be  ever  had  been),  indefatigable  in  serving  the  common 
cause,  and  going  voluntarily  into  the  trenches  to  animate  the 
troops  that  were  in  the  attack  of  a  ravelin,  he  received  a  danger- 
ous wound  in  his  neck,  his  aid  de-camp  bring  also  wounded  by 
his  side  (of  which  he  soon  expired.)  In  Mircb  171!,  he  was  at 
the  Hague,  at  the  desire  of  the  council  of  state  of  the  States 
General,  to  assist  in  consulting  the  operations  of  the  ensuing 
campaign. 

When  the  Duke  of  Mnrlborough  was  disgraced,  and  went 
abroad,  he  resigned  all  his  employments,  chuslng,  as  he  had  a 
share  in  his  Grace's  prosperity,  to  be  a  partaktr  in  his  adversity; 
but  first  served  the  campaign,  in  17^2,  tinder  the  Duke  of  Or- 
mond. 

At  the  accession  of  George  I.  on  August  1st,  i7l4,  he  was 
made  Master  of  the  Robes,  and  Colonel  of  the  second  regiment  of 
fool-guards;  also  Envoy  extraordinary  and  Plenipotentiary  to  the 
States  General.  In  the  year  1713,  he  was  appointed  Governor 
.  of  the  Isle  of  Wight.  And  having  extinguished  the  remains  of 
the  rebellion  in  Scotland,  he  was  elected  a  Knight  of  the  most 
ancient  order  of  St.  Andrew;  with  the  ensigns  of  which  he  was 
invested,  together  with  the  EnrI  of  Sutherland,  on  June  29th, 
1716;  all  the  Knights  of  the  Order,  who  were  in  town,  being 
present  at  a  chapter  held  at  St.  James's.  And  the  next  day  he 
was  created  a  Peer  of  this  realm,  by  the  title  of  Lord  Cadogan, 
Baron  of  Reading;  the  preamble  to  the  patent  reciting  his  great 
merits  and  shining  character,  as  follows : 

''  It  being  the  greatest  concern  to  the  grace  and  ornament  of 
virtue,  to  tbe  kindling  in  the  minds  of  men  a  generous  zeal  for 
the  public,  to  the  glory  of  the  commonwealth,  as  well  as  to  tbe 
reputation  of  our  own  royal  justice  and  favour,  that  those,  who 
have  in  a  singular  manner,  either  in  peace  or  war,  desenxd  well 
of  their  country,  should  be  distinguished  with  singular  marks  of 
public  honour;  We  have  therefore  thought  fit  to  call  op  into  tbe 


EARL  CADOGAN.  41S 

order  of  Peers  of  this  kingdom  onr  dearly  beloved  William  Cado- 
gan,  Lieatenant'general  of  oar  forces;  a  person  illastrious  by  bis 
descent  from  the  honourable  and  most  ancient  stock  of  the  Bri- 
tons, but  much  more  illustrious  by  his  virtues.  For,  that  which 
is  truly  his  own,  a  certain  nobleness  of  manners  flowing  from  a 
soul  adorned  with  the  gifts  of  nature  and  of  art,  far  excels  all  ad- 
vantages of  the  most  noble  descent!  In  conversation,  the  most 
agreeable  easiness,  composed  of  all  the  sweetness  of  behaviour, 
and  affability  of  discourse.  In  his  regards  to  his  friends,  an  un- 
tainted faithfulness,  and  an  unwearied  readiness  to  do  all  good 
offices.  In  his  charity  to  those  in  want,  an  uncommon  benefi- 
cence and  liberality.  In  tbe  difficulties  of  business  and  great 
affairs,  such  an  unintermitted  and  unshaken  perseverance,  as  if  he 
never  tasted  what  it  was  to  indulge  his  own  ease,  or  the  pleasures 
of  conversation;  and  yet  in  the  entertainments  of  conversation^ 
•such  an  open  taking  agreeableness,  as  if  no  thoughts  of  business 
could  ever  find  admittance.'  In  all  his  counsels  and  votes  in  the 
Honse  of  Commons,  a  sacred  regard  to  the  public  good,  and  the 
true  liberty  of  his  country.  In  f  be  exploits  of  war,  an  undaunted 
bravery  and  a  greatness  of  soul,  have,  upon  every  occasion,  shone 
forth  in  the  brightest  lights  particularly  in  the  late  war  against 
France,  conducted  by  the  ^fisdom  and  magnanimity  of  the  most 
illustrious  John,  Duke  of  Marlborough;  with  a  glory,  which 
hath  made  his  name  outshine  all  the  heroes  of  antiquity,  and  will 
render  it  the  wonder  of  posterity:  A  war,  in  which,  through  the 
course  of  ten  years,  the  cause  of  true  religion,  of  the  universal 
liberty  of  our  own  countries,  and  the  countries  of  our  allies,  of 
all  right  and  law,  contended  against  the  op^n  attempts  of  tyranny 
and  slavery.  A  war  prosecuted  with  so  resolute  and  determined 
a  7.eal,  that  not  only  the  summer,  but  even  the  winter  itself  was 
seldom  free  from  action ;  and  always  attended  with  such  unparal- 
Idled  success,  that,  through  that  whole  time,  no  one  battle  was 
fought  which  was  not  gained,  no  one  town  besieged  which  was 
not  gloriously  taken:  in  that  war,  carried  on  with  so  unequalled 
a  glory,  under  the  conduct  and  command  of  so  consumnnate  a 
general,  he  bore  a  faithful  and  unwearied  part  both  in  the  coun- 
cils of  the  cabinet,  and  in  the  labours  of  the  field. 

'  Afterwards,  in  the  late  war  at  home,  against  the  madness  of 
the  most  unnatural  rebels  and  traitors,  in  the  heart  of  winter,  in 
the  midst  of  the  most  piercing  frosts  and  deepest  snows,  he  shewed 
a  conduct  and  an  application  in  the  highest  degree  faithful^  and 
ip  the  most  signal  manner  successful. 


4t6  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

'  Aad,  UbAj,  in  tbe  late  treaty  fin-  the  fixing  sach  towns  and 
fortresses,  as  might  be  truly  a  banrier  to  the  United  ProWnoes, 
our  ever  faithful  and  inseparable  allies  i  he  manifested  such  a 
eanstancy  of  attention,  such  a  regard  to  right  and  justice^  snch  a 
dexterity  in  bnsiness,  as  is  very  seldom  eqaalled,  never  exceeded* 
And  this  with  so  good  effect,  that  it  may  justly  be  said  to  have 
once  more  revived  and  established  the  ancient  friendship  and  in* 
teroonrse  of  good  offices  between  Great  Britain,  and  not  only  the 
United  Provinces,  but  also  the  most  serene  and  aognst  house  of 
Austria.  Upon  all  which  accounts,  moved  by  his  own  great  me» 
rits,  and  assured  of  the  approbation  of  all  good  men,  we  have 
resolved  to  promote  him  into  the  rank  of  our  Peers.  Know  ye 
therefore,  &g.' 

If  is  Lordship  soon  after  was  again  sent  Ambassador  extraordi* 
nary  and  Plenipotentiary  to  the  States  of  Holland;  snd  arriving  at 
Brussels,  on  September  15th,  N.S.  171^1  signed  at  the  Hagoe^ 
the  treaty  of  defensive  alliance  between  Great  Britain,  France> 
and  the  States  General.  He  set  out  for  Utrecht,  on  January  23d^ 
1716,  to  wait  on  the  King,  expected  there  that  afbernoon;  who 
was  pleased  to  command  his  attending  him  to  Great  Britain. 
And  Mr.  Leathes,  his  Majesty's  secretary  at  Brussels,  was  ap« 
pointed  to  reside  at  the  Hague  during  his  Lordship's  absence. 

On  his  return,  he  was  sworn  of  the  Privy-council,  on  March 
dOth,  1717;  and,  in  the  month  tff  July  ensuing,  was  constituted 
General  of  all  his  Majesty's  loot  fences  employed  or  to  be  em- 
ployed in  his  service.  The  following  year  he  was  again  appointed 
Ambassador  extraordinary  at  the  Hague,  where  he  arrived  on 
September  17th,  1717;  and  having  brought  his  negociations  to  a 
conclusion,  embarked  at  the  Brill  for  England,  on  Novemt)er  7tb, 
and  pat  to  sea  the  same  evening.  On  May  8th  (1718),  4  Geo.  I. 
he  was  advanced  to  the  dignity  of  Bakow  op  Oak£bt,  Vrscoutiir 
*  CaVxbsham,  and  Eakl  of  Cadogak  {with  rtmmder  of  the  bo* 
rony  of  Oakley  to  Charles,  his  brother),  the  more  to  iliustrate 
that  employment,  as  the  preamble  to  hia  patent  sets  forth: 

'  Whereas  we  thought  fit,  about  two  years  since,  to  give  the 
rank  and  dignity  of  a  Peer  of  this  realm  to  William,  Lord  Cado- 
gan,  by  the  title  of  Baron  of  Reading,  in  consideration  of  his 
great  and  eminent  services;  and  particularly  those  performed  by 
him  during  the  war  in  Flanders,  and,  af^er  that,  in  the  late  rebels 
lion  in  Scotland,  as  is  more  fully  set  fojtfa  in  the  preamble  of  oor 


EARL  CADCX^AN.  417 


patent  ftr  creadng  hiol  Baron  of  Beading;  and  we  hating  great 
reason  to  be  eitremely  satisfied  with  the  serYiccs  he  has  since 
done  in  several  important  negotiations  transacted  by  him,  as  oar 
Ambassador  extraordinary  in  Holland  j  and  Mdth  his  conduct  and 
beitiavionr  in  his  station  of  General  of  our  foot,  and  Commander 
of  oar  forces  next  under  the  Duke  of  Marlborough ^  and  he  hav- 
ing continued  to  give  us  upon  all  occasions,  and  in  the  most  diffi-^ 
cnlt  times,  singular  and  undoubted  proofs  of  his  zeal  for  our  service^ 
and  of  his  steady,  firm,  inviolable,  and  unalterable  afiection  ta 
our  person  and  government  5  and  we  having  farther  an  intention 
to  send  him  speedily  into  Holland,  to  negotiate  with  the  States 
General  their  entering  into  the  alliance  between  ourselves,  the 
Emperor,  and  the  French  King;  which  is  an  af^ir  of  .the  utmost 
consequence  to  the  good  of  these  our  kingdoms  in  particular,  and 
of  £an>pe  in  general;  and  we  having  likewise. given  him  order» 
to  make  a  public  entry,  in  quality  of  our  Ambassador  extraocdii* 
nary  at  the  Hagae,  to  assnre  the  .States,  in  the  most  solemn  man* 
ner,  of  our  constant  friendship  and  afiection  to  their  comoaoa* 
wealth.  For  these  reas(»is,  and  to  give  a  greater  lustre  and  dignity 
to  the  commission  we  now  employ  him  in,  we  have  thought  fit 
to  confer  upon  him  a  new  degree  of  honour,  and  to  create  hiov 
£arl  of  Cadogan,  in  Denbighshire;  Viscount  of  Caversham,  in 
Oxfordshire;  and  Baron  of  Oakley,  in  Buckinghamsbixe,  Know 
ye  therefore,  &c/ 

He  set  oat  for  the  Hague  immediately  after,  where  he  arriifed 
on  May  15th,  17I8,  N.S.  and  on  the  18th  was  visited  by  the 
public  ministers,  and  by  the  president  of  the  States  Qeneral  in  tbd' 
name  of  that  body.  Ten  days  after  he  was  at  Antwerp,  wher# 
he  conferred  with  the  Marquis  de  Prie,  Governor  for  the  fimperof* 
in  the  Netherlands,  for  putting  an  end  to  the  difficulties  that  had 
)ong  obstructed  the  execution  of  the  barrier  treaty;  and  bring- 
ing him  to  comply  with  what  was  demanded,  he  returned  to  the^ 
Hague,  on  June  2d  following,  and  communicated  to  the  Stater 
his  transactions  at  Antwerp,  who  appeared  sensible  of  his  friendly 
offices,  and  of  the  great  obligations  they  were  under  to  bis  Bri- 
tannic Majesty.  And  having  fixed  for  his  public  entry  the  King 
his  master*s  birth  day,  it  was  the  most  splendid  and  magnificent 
appearance  that  had  been  beheld  there,  and  judged  by  ail  to  be  of 
a  noble  and  beautiful  contrivance.  He  laboured  with  great  dili- 
gence to  adjust  the  difficulties,  which  deferred  the  finisbiog  of 
the  convention  for  the  entire  execution  of  Uie  treaty  of  barrier, 

TOt.  V.  '  2  B 


4m      ,  P££aA6K  OP  ENGLAND. 

snd  had  fteqaeot  oonfefeDcei  whk  the  loipeinl  miBiilen  nd 
the  States  General  ibr  that  purpoie. 

Go  Fehruaiy  2d,  l/SO,  hit  Msgfiaty%  fiiU  yowcn  were  dis* 
IMtched  to  his  Lordship,  for  signing,  in  conjunction  willi  the  as}* 
Bisters  of  the  KFcrai  allies,  the  tKBty  of  qoadreple  allianoe,  and 
with  the  fninisters  of  the  King  of  Spain,  the  proper  instruoBents 
for  leceiving  to  Catholic  Idajesfy's  acceptance  of  the  tems  of 
peaee  atjfnhited  in  the  treatjj  and  for  treating  of  a  cessotioa  €f 
•mis  between  the  several  powers  engaged  in  the  ww|  which  w«8 
not  bcDOght  to  a  eanclusion  till  June  7th  Ibllowiggf  when  the  nn 
f}fi^t»«—  were  acwiduigiycidianged  with  the  miiiisler  of  Spain* 

The  Dafce  of  Marlboroogh  departing  this  life  on  June  lMi> 
1722,  his  Lordship  was,  two  days  afterwards,  constitnted  C^enend 
and  CoMVAsoaa  ik  Carsp  of  his  Mijestj's  forces,  Master-general 
of  the  ofdnaooe,  and  Colonel  of  die  first  vegiment  of  foot-gnardv^ 
in  90001  of  his  Grace.  Also,  on  June  23d,  1723,  he  was  dedared 
one  of  the  Loids  Justices  of  Great  Britaisi  during  his  Mqestj^a 


His  Lofdship  married  Margaretta^Cedtia  Muater^  daughter  of 
WilHam  Monter,  oounsellor  of  the  court  of  Holland,  bf  his  Wife, 
Gedlia  Trip»  of  Anasterdam  $  and  by  her  left  issoeoniy  two  daugh-^ 
lars;  the  Lady  Sarah,  married  to  Charles,  second  Ddke  of  Rich* 
mood;  and. the  Lady  Margaret,,  married  to  Chariea-Joho^  Count 
Benfiticfc,  second  son  to  William,  Earl  of  Portland,  by  his  second 
wife. 

His  Lordriiip  dying  on  July  lyth,  1726,  was  buried  m  Wast* 
raiaster-abbey.  Her  Ladyahip  'surviyed  him  till  August  1749, 
when  she  departed  this  life  at  the  HaguCj  from  whence  her  corpse 
was  brought  the  next  month,  and  interred  by  his  Lordship's  in 
fai  Westminsfer-abhey.  As  they  left  po  male  issue,  the  titles  of 
Tiacdunt  and  Bail  became  esainct,  and  the  barony  of  Oakley  de- 
volved on  Cliaries,  his  brother* 

The  said  CRAU.ESr  sacoirs  Bahon  Cadooak,  whilst  he  was 
a  comnoner,  served  in  pariiament  for  the  borough  of  Reading,  as 
also  for  Newport,  in  the  couo^  of  Southampton.  His  Loidship 
was  in  the  faorae  service,  under  his  Grace  the  Dulcr  of  Maribcvr 
rough,  in  Flaodets ;  and»  after  having  been  Colonel  of  a  company 
in  the  second  x^iment  of  feot  guards,  was^  00  April  21st,  1719^ 
Gpnstiti^ed,  by  George  I.  Cdond  of  his  Majesty's  own  (or  4th) 
regiment  of  foot;  also,  on  June  igih,  1734,  Colonel  of  the  6th,  or 
Inniakilling  reginieDt  of  dragoons.  On  December  I8th,  1^35,  he 
was  prompted  to  the  nok  of  a  Brigadier-general^  and  on  July 


EARL  CADOGaM.  419 

tjA,  1739,  made  Major-general  of  his  Majesty's  forces;  also  on 
April  30th,  1743,  Cdonel  of  the  second  troop  of  horse-guards ; 
and  on  May  30th,  17^ »  constitated  Lieutenant-general.  Jn  No- 
Tember,  I74g,  he  was  made  Governor  of  Sheerness;  and  on  June 
ISth,  1754,  Governor  of  Gravesend  and  Tilbury.  At  the  accession 
of  the  present  King,  on  October  25  th,  176O,  his  Lordship  was 
fiot  only  continued  in  all  his  military  employments,  but  also  ad- 
vanced to  the  rank  of  General  of  horse  on  March  pth,  176I5  he 
was  likewise  Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society^  and  one  of  the  Trustees 
of  the  British  Museum. 

His  Lordship  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  coheir  of  the 
t«elebrated  Sir  Hans  Sloan,  Bart.  President  of  the  College  of  Phy- 
sicians; and  by  her  Ladyship,  who  died  on  May  20th,  1768,  and 
is  buried  at  Caversham,  had  an  only  son  Charles-Sloan  Cadogan, 
vrbo  succeeded  to  the  Barony,  on  the  death  ^  of  his  father,  on  Sep* 
tember  24th,  17/6,  who  was  then  in  the  eighty-fifth  year  of  his 

age. 

Chasles-Sloaw  Cadogan,  third  Baron  and  first  Earl 
Caoooan  oftke  new  creation^  bom  on  October  29th,  1728,  wed* 
ded,  first,  on  May  28th,  1747,  Frances,  daughter  of  Henry  Brom-^ 
ley,  first  Lord  Montfort;  and  by  her,  who  died  in  May,  I768,  and 
is  buried  at  Caversham,  had  issue,  six  sons. 

1.  Charles-Henry  Sloan,  present  Earl. 

2.  The  Rev.  William  Bromley,  born  January  22d,  175],  who, 
in  May  1775,  was  presented  to  the  rectory  of  St.  Giles^  reading, 
and  the  vicarage  of  Chelsea.  He  died  without  issue,  January  1 8th, 
1797» having  married  on  December  4th,  1/82,  the  widow  of — 
firadshaw,  Esq. 

•    3.  Thomas,  bom  February  7th,  1752,  a  Lieutenant  in  the  royal 
navyj  lost  in  the  Glorieux,  in  1752,  unmarried. 

4.  George,  born  December  1st,  1/54',  io  the  service  of  the  East 
India  Company;  and  killed  in  India  in  ]780|  unmarried. 

5.  Edward,  borri  December  12th,  17^8,  and  ^^as  Captain  in 
f he  7th  regiment  of  foot  j  died  at  St.  Lucia  in  1779»  unmarried. 

6.  Henry-Williaiii,  born  March  25th,  176I,  died  August  3d, 
1774,  and  was  buried  at  Caversham. 

His  Lordsbip-tepresenitdd  the- town  of  Cambridge  in  parliament, 
from  January  31st,  ]74S-9>  till  he  succeeded  to  the  peerage;  he 
waa  in  April  1 764,  appointed  Surveyor  of  his  Majesty's  gardens 
:uid  waters;  was  afterwards  made  Treasurer  to  the  Duke  of  York^ 

k  Bur/?d  at  Caversham. 


420  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 


and  Blaster  Worker  of  his  Blajest/s  Mint,  which  he  rtAamed  191 
1800. 

His  Lofdsblp  was,  secondlj,  married,  Aogust  lOth,  17779  ^ 
Mary,  daughter  of  Charles  Chorchill,  Esq.  (by  Lady  Maiy» 
daughter  of  Robert,  Earl  of  Orfoid),  and  t>y  her,  from  whom  he 
was  divorced  in  179^/  had  issue, 

1.  Lady  Erotly-Maiyy  bom  May  26t:h,  1778^  married  Jane  3d, 

1802,  the  Hon.  and  Rer.  Gerald  Valerian  Wdleslej,  brother  to 
Richard,  Marqois  Wellesley. 

2.  Henry,  Lteat.-Colouel  of  the  yist  rq^iment  of  fiiot,  bom 
Febraary  26th,  1780. 

3.  Lady  Charlotte,  bom  July  llth,  178I;  married  Jdy  20tfa, 

1803,  the  Hon.  Henry  Wellesley,  another  brother  of  Richard^ 
Marqois  Wellesl^,  iiom  whom  she  was  divorced  in  1810. 

4.  George,  bora  May  5th,  1783,  a  Post  Captain  in  the  navy* 

5.  Lonisa,  bom  September  Is^  1787. 

6.  Edward,  in  the  Army,  bom  April  25th,  1789. 

His  Lordship  was  advanced  to  the  dignities  of  Viscount  Cbel- 
SKA,  and  Earl  Caoooah,  by  patent  dated  December  27th,  1800$ 
and  dying  April  3,  I8O7,  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son, 

Charles  Hbvrt  Sloav,  present  and  second  Earl  Cadogav, 
who  was  born  June  18th,  17"^*  His  Lordship  was  a  short  ttmf 
in  early  life  in  the  army. 

TtiUt.  Charles  Henry  Sloan  Cadogao,  Earl  Cadogan,  Viscount 
Chelsea,  and  Baron  Cadogan. 

Creations,  Earl  Cadogan,  and  Viscount  Chelsea,  December 
27tb,  1800  (41  George  III.);  Baron  Cadogan,  May  8th,-17l8. 

Arnu,  Quarterly,  first  and  fourth.  Gales,  a  lion  rampant  re* 
4;uardant,  Or;  second  and  third,  Aig.  three  boars  heads  couped. 
Vert. 

Crest,    Out  of  a  ducal  coronet,  Or,  a  griph6n*s  head.  Vert. 

Supporters.  On  the  dexter  side,  a  lion  reguardant.  Or.  On  the 
sinbter,  a  griphon  reguardant.  Vert ;  each  goiged  with  a  double 
tressure  flowered  and  oounter-flowered.  Gules. 

Motto,     Qui  invidet,  minor  est. 

Chief  Seat.    At  Sandy-Downham,  near  Brandon,  Suflblk. 


EABL  OF  MALUSUTRY. 


HABRIS,  EARL  OF  MALMSBURV. 

Jamsb  Haebis,  Eail  op  Malusbukt,  is  detceoded  from 
William  Haikis,  who  married,  on  Jul/  ^th,  1561,  Cicely, 

idict  of  ■^—  Shorne,  hj  whom  be  left  iuae 
Thomas  Hanw,  of  Ord»e»ion  St.  George,  co.  Wllti,  Gent,  who 

was  fraptized  March  iStfa,  isSb,  and  had  isMie  by  Praxid,  only 

daughter  of  Robert  Perry,  of  Orcheston  St.  George,  Gent, 

1.  Thomas  Harris,  baptized  May  lOth,  1505. 

2.  Jcita   Ha'rris,  baptized   oa  Eaiter  Monday,   March  23lh, 

leoo. 

3.  Bobeit  Harris,  baptitdd  Peiiroary  SOtfa,  ld02. 

4.  Jama  Hanii,  of  whom  prttent/y,  at  ancator  to  the  Marl  tf 
italmsbury. 

5.  Prjsid  Harris,  liaptiied  Aagnst  Uib,  I56g. 

6.  Kodl  Harris,  baptized  August  27th,  IS^i. 

7.  Lucy  Harris,  baptised  August  2d,  ISg?. 

Jambs  Baim,JiMirlk  son,  ««s  of  tiew  Sanrn,  eo.  i^Uu,  <SaU. 
He  was  born  on  ■Fiidaf  aHer  Michaelmas  Day,  and  baptiEed  Oc- 
tober dth,  160s.  He  died  Augast,  1679  *  and  was  buried  in  Sa- 
lisbury cathedral.  He  married  Gertrude,  daughter  of  Robert 
Tounson,  Bisbop  of  Sartwi  (wiio  died  I5ib  Hng,  1621,  and  waa 
boricd  in  Westminster-abbey.)  She  died  iCyfl,  agsd  etgfaty-aix 
years.     By  her  he  bsd  iasoe, 

1.  John  Harris,  bom  May  2eth,  died  July  dth,  10*1. 

2.  Jamet  Harris^  bom  July  2ist,  i642,  died  Octciber  4th, 
1646. 

3.  Thomas,  (^w\omprtttntly. 

*  fill  «ill  was  pnntd  April  5lb|  itto. 


4M  PBERA6E  OP  ENGLAND. 

4.  Gertrude,  bom  May  4th,  1645;  died  January  following. 

5.  Jane,  born  Jane  18th,  1646;  died  April  30fb,  164/. 

6.  Margaret,  born  April  25th,  1647;  married  at  Fdbtm,  Jaly 
8th,  1669,  Gabriel  Ashley,  of  Salisbury,  co.  Wilts,  Esq.  (who  was 
bom  in  l646,  and  died  December  29th,  1 702.) 

7.  Pra&id  Harris,  bom  December  26tb,  1^8,  died  October  22d| 
'  1649. 

8.  Thomas  Harris  flhird  sonj,  of  the  Chse  of  Salisbury,  co. 
Wilis,  Esq.  was  bora  February  22d,  1^3. 

He  married,  fhrsf,  Dorothy,  daughter  of  Geoi^e  Caiy,  D.Q. 
Dean  of  the  cathedral  of  Exeter,  who  died  March  25tb  1672,  and 
was  buried  in  the  cathedral  of  Salisbury. 

He  manied,  secondly,  July  2Ht^  1673;  Joan,  daughter  of  Sir 
Wadbam  Windham,  of  Norrington,  co.  Wilts,  Knt  who  died 
1734,  aged  dghty-four. 

He  died  January  l6;r§-9,^  leaving  issue  by  his  last  wife, 

James  Harris,  of  the  Close  of  Salisbury,  Esq.  his  eldest  son, 
who  was  born  April  17th,  1674^  and  married,  first,  August,  dd, 
1704»  Catherine,  eldest  daughter  of  Charles  Cocks,  of  Worces* 
ter,  Esq.  by  Maria,  sister  and  coheir  of  JohOf  Lord  Somers.  Sbi$ 
died  June  13th,  1705,  xi.  24,  and  was  buried  iq  Salisbury  ca- 
thedral. 

He  married,  secondly,  on  April  20th,  1707,  Lady  Elizabeth 
Ashley  Cooper,  daughter  of  Anthony,  second  £^r>  of  Shaftsbury 
(sister  to  the  celebrated  author  of  the  Characteristics,  &c.)  She 
died  at  Bath,  in  January  1743. 

He  died,  August  26th,  1731,  set.  ^J/^  and  was  buried  in  SaHs- 
buiy  cathedral;  leaving  issue, 

>»  His  will  mi  datc4  utb  Janittfy,  1678,  aod  proved  Decembtr  9tb,  1^79. 

c  In  Salisbury  catbedtal,  1%  a  nemorial,  on  the  Wcat  aiiie  of  the  {rand  cross, 
towardi  the  North  porch,  on  a  large  sUtoary  marVic  ilab,  crowaed  with  a  pedU 
ment,  with  the  foUowiog  inscription : 

"  In  tills  eatfaedrtl  aic  interred  the  remaini  of  Jamei  Harris,  of  this  Close, 
£s^  loa  €f  Thdmss  Haii4sy  of  Orekeston  St.  George,  hi  this  county,  who  died 
10  1679,  aged  74  years.  He  married  Gertrude,  dMgbier  of  ftobtK  Tounson,  BE« 
ihop  of'  that  diocese,  who  died  x^yS,  aged  86  years. 

f «  Of  Joan,  daughter  of  Sir  Wadham  Wyndbam,  of  Wyndhaip  Orehard,  in 
the  county  of  Somerset,  and  wife  of  the  abore  Thonat  Harrii.  She  died  1734, 
i^ed  84  years. 

«  Of  James  Harris,  of  this  Ckse,  son  of  die  above.«eatioaea  Thomas  Harris, 
sad  Joan  his  wife.    He  died  In  1 731,  aged  57  yeati. 


E&SL  OF  MALMSBUBY;  42S 

M.  Jaaaei»pnsai%ivi0iriM^ 

3«  Tbima^,  born  Jaamary  m>  kT^^'\2y  a  sUideiit  at  Wadban^ 
College,  Oxford,  l72g^  afterwards  a  Master  in  Cbaooeiy^  and 
Jimag,  witbouC  issue,  ia  1779.  He  oiarried  Catharioe,  6mgf^et 
of  Sir  Bdwaxd  KnalcbhuU,  Bart.  aoA  sister  of  Sir  Wiinlbaia 
KaatGhbttyi^  BarL  She  was  buiied  at  Mersham,  in  Keot,  abonl 
1736. 

.  3»  George  Harris^  bora  September  19th,  1714,  Prebendarj  of 
Samm,  and- Rector  of  BxcHffi:,  co.  Darham;  died  UDinarriedj  Aa« 
gmt  23d»  1777>  dnd  was  buried  at  £xcli0«u 

4*  Catherine,  bom  May  latb,  I70^i  ^Barried  June  1134, 1730^ 
Sir  Windham  KnatohbnU  Windbam,  Bart.<^  of  Mersham-Hatclb. 
oow  Kent,  eUest  swi  of  Sic  Edward  KnatcbboU^  Bart,  (who  aa** 
sQined  the  surname  and  arms  of  fFuMam,  in  addition  to  that  ^f 
KtutiMull,  bj  act  of  pailiament,  19  Geoi^e  U.  puraiiaat  to  |l^ 
will  of  biaoaatecnal  uoele,  Thomas^  Lord  WtndbafB,  Lord.Chaa-^ 
cdlor  of  Itebuad.)  She  died  J[anoarjr  Stb,  1743,  and  was  .buried 
at  Mersham;  and  her  husbancl  survived  her  till  Jqlj  23d>  1749, 
when  be  was  baried  at  Mersham,  aged  forty-nine  (leayiog  a  son, 
the  late  Sir  Windham  Knatchbull^  Bart,  who  died  17&I',  and  » 
daughter,  Joan,  who  died  single,  at  Canterbury,  a  lew  years 
•go. 

5.  Gertrude  Harris,  bom  February  2ad»  1707-8,  died  Septem- 
ber 20th,  17O8. 

J  Alias  Harris  (eldest  son),  of  the  Close  of  Salisbury,  Eat^  was 
born  in  the  Close  of  Salisbury,  Jnly  25th,  1709,  and  educated  at 
the  Grammar  school  there.  In  1726,  he  waa  removed  to  Wad- 
ham  college,  in  Oxford,  but  took  00  degree.  He  coltivated  let- 
ters, however,  tnost  attendvely,  and  also  mu^,  in  the  theory  and 
pfiictice  of  which  be  Is  said  to  have  had  few  ec|Qak.  He  was 
member  for  Cbristchurch,  Hants;  which  he  represented  in  several 
sQccessive  parliaments.  In  1763,  he  wa3  appointed  one  of  the 
Lords  Commissioners  of  the  Admiralty^  and  soon  after  removed- 
to  the  Board  of  Tieatury.  In  1774,  be  was  made  Secretary  and 
• 

«<  Of  the  Right  Hm.  Liadj^EliMbetb  Harm,  third  datighm  •£  Antbofly»«cos4 
Eatlof  Sbalcesbuiy,  and  wife  of  the  abate  Jame«  Harris,-  She  died  ia  1743, 
aged  6t  years*'* 

^  Elder  brotheato  the  late  Sir  Edward  KoatchbuU,  Bart;  wbo  died  1789,  ind 
was  father  of  the  present  Sh  Edward  Knatehball,  Bart«  H*  9*  for  Kcat. 


•  Gntf^Utf^  r^  LXXX.  f,  uM* 


424  PEEUkGB  OF  ENGLAND. 

ComptroUer  to  the  QneeD,  whidi  post  he  hid  to  hn  death.  He 
died  December  2l8t^  1780^  in  bis  fleveoty-aeoood  year,  after  a  long 
illnew,  which  he  bore  with  calmoest  and  resignation. 

He  is  the  author  of  some  valoable  works.  1.  Three  Tnealtferi 
concerning  Art,  Music,  famting,  andr  Poetry;  and  Happiness ^ 
1745,'*  Bvo.  2.  ''  Hermes;  or,  a  Philosophical  Enqimy  emu 
ceming  Ukwersal  Grammar,  17^1>"  Qvo,  .  Of  this  piece;  Bishop 
Lowih»  in  the  Pre&oe  to  the  "  English  Grdnmar,"  expresses  him- 
self thus:  **  Those  who  would  enter  mors  deqily  into  tbb  snb«> 
ject,  will  find  it  folly  and  accniately  handled,  with,  the  greatest 
acateness  of  investigation,  perspicuity  of  explication,  and  elegance 
of  method,  in  a  treatise  intituled,  '  Hermes,  by  James  Harris^ 
Bsq.*  the  most  beautiful  and  perfect  example  of  analysts,  that  has 
been  esihibited  since  the  days  of  Aristotle/'  3.  *'  PhUosopUcal 
Arrangements^^*  4.  **  Philosophical  Enquiries,  1782,**  2  vols, 
Svo.  finished  just  before  his  death,  and  published  sinoe.^  The 
present  Earl  has  since  published  a  collection  of -all  his  fatbefs 
works,  with  bis  Life  prefixed. 

He  married  at  Alderbury,  near  Salisbury,  July  8th,  1745,  EH* 
sabeth,  daughter  of  John  Clarke,  of  Sandford,  co,  Sofmerset,  Esq. 
M.  P.  and  heir  of  her  only  brother,  John  Clarke,  of  Sandlbrd, 
Esq.  who  died  in  1781,  and  was  buried  in  Salisbniy  cathedralj 
having  bad  issue  by  him, 

1*  Jame^f  now  Earl  of  Malmsbury. 

2.  Joho  Thomas  Harris,  bora  Junel751;  died  December  0fth, 
1752. 

3.  Elisabeth,  horn  1747,  died  1749. 

4.  Catherine  Gertrude,  bom  April  18tb,  1750,  married  the 
Hon.  Frederick  Robinson,  seccmd  son  of  Thomas,  first  Lord  Gran* 
tham  (who  was  boni  at  Vienna,  October  1 J  tfa,  1 746,  and  died  De> 
cember  28th,  1792.) 

5.  Louisa  Margaret,  born  January  1 1th,  1753,  living  unmarried 
in  179;. 

Jambs,  eldest  son,  pibst  and  present  Eaki.  of  MalmsbvrYj 
was  born  at  Salisbury,  April  9th,  1746,  and  having  been  early 
educated  to  diplomacy,  was  sent  Minister  to  the  Court  of  Madrid 
in  1768;  Envoy  Extraordinary  to  that  of  Berlin,  June  3d,  1772; 
aod.el^ed  M.P.  for  Christchurch,  in  Hants,  the  same  year. 
Envoy  Extraordinafjr,  md  Minister  to  the  Court  of  St.  Peters^ 
burgh,  October  3 1  st,  1 776. 

•  Bioir.Dkt.  Vol.  VIL  p.  347* 
V 


EARL  OP  MALMSBUIKY.  42i 

He  was  nominated  a  Koigbt  Companion  of  the  Bath,  by  war*» 
rant  dated  Febniarj,  17799  ^^  invested  with  the  ensigns  thereof* 
by  her  Imperial  Majesty,  at  St.  Petersbui'gfa^  March  21st  follow- 
ing, and  installed  by  proxy.  May  22d,  of  the  same  year. 

He  was  appointed  Envoy  Extraordinary,  and  Minister  Plenipo- 
tentiary to  the  States  Greneral  of  the  United  Provinces,  July  3d, 
1784,  and  sworn  of  his  Majesty's  most  Honourable  Privy-council, 
September  3d  following. .  He  i»as  again  nominated  Ambassador 
and  Plenipotentiary  to  the  same  States,  March  8th,  J  788;  and 
elevated  to  the  Peerage,  by  the  title  of  Loan  Malmsbukt,  Ba- 
ton  of  Maitnshury^  co,  Witts,  to  him  and  ti>  the  heirs  male  of  hb 
body,  by  patent  dated  September  igth  following. 

In  1796>  his  Lordship  was  sent  Ambassador  Extraordinary  and 
Plenipotentiary  to  the  Bepnblic  of  France,  to  negotiate  a  treaty  of 
peace  at  Lisle,  the  failure  of  which  is  well  known. 

His  Lordship  was  elevated  to  an  Earldom,  by  patent,  December 
29th,  1800,  by  the  titles  of  Viscount  FiTZHAaais,  of  Hum 
Court,  in  the  county  of  Southampton  i  and  Earl  of  Malmsburt, 
to  him  aod  the  heirs  male  of  his  body. 

His  Lordship  married,  by  special  licenccj^  in  Lincoln's  Inn 
Fields,  on  July  2Sth,  1777$  Harriot-Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  George 
Amyand,  Bart,  and  sister  to  the  present  Sir  George  Cornwall, 
Bart,  by  whom  he  has  had  issue, 

1.  James-Edward,  Viscount  Fitxharris,  bom  at  St.  Peter|bnrgh» 
August  29th,  and  baptized  August  23d,  17785  and  married,  Jutie 
J  7th,  I8O6,  Miss  Anne  Dashwood,  daughter  of  Francis  Bateman 
Dashwood,  Esq.  by  whom  he  has  issue  two  sons.  His  Lordship 
wai  elected  M.P.  for  Helstone,  in  1802;  and  for  Heytesbiiry, 
1807*  and  was  appointed  one  of  the  Lords  of  the  Admiralty  in' 
May  1804>  which  he  retained  till  February,  I8O6.  His  Lordship 
is  governor  of  the  Isle  of  Wight. 

2.  Thomas  Alfred  Harris,  born  in  St.  Margaret's,  Westminster, 
March  24th,  1782,  in  Holy  Orders. 

3.  George  Harris,  bom  at  St.  Margaret'^,  Westminster,  February 
8th,  17S9,  and  died  May  following. 

4.  Catherine  Harris,  born  at  St.Petersburgh,  May  21st,  1780^ 
the  Empress  of  Busria  being  her  godmother. 

5.  Frances  Harris,  bom  in  the  parish  of  St.  Margaret's,  West- 
minster^ Adlfiist  22d,  1784. 

Tiiles.  James  Harris,  Earl  and  Saron  of  Malmsbory,  and  Vta- 
'coont  Fitzharrit.     •  • 


406  PEBRAiCNE  OF  UfGLANIX 

.  OfeQAon$,  Boron  of  MaUnsbqiy,  by  patent  dttad  Semenii^r 
I9tb,  IJSai  aod  VisccMiiot  Fitabarrif^  and  £arl  of  Mah9[ifUiuy,*b]r* 
pMcnl  December  a^th^  1800. 

Arms.  Az.  a  cbevion  ermine  between  three  he^g^ogs.  Or, 
an  a  chief  the  Pmauan  ^^gle;  whkh  augmentation  bia  Lordahip 
receiTed  by  bis  Majesty**  permission  on  May  9tbj  1789. 

Cfisi.    A  hed^hog.  Or. 

Supporters.  On  the  dexter  side  an  eagk^  on  the  sinister  side 
nstag. 

JdotiQ,    UaictvB  PATBiAK  aBMimsci. 

Chief  Seai^  His  Lordship  lately  possessed  the  beautiful  seat  at 
Firk-Place,  near  Henley  (bought  of  Marriial  Conway's  ban)  i 
vhicb,  hQwever;^  he  has  lately  sold  agaiiw 


EARL  OF  ROSSLYNN, 


ERSKtNE,  EARL  OF  ROSSLYN. 

Thb  preientEaTl  derim  bis  peers^  from  bii  maternal  unclei 
Hk  late  Alexander  Weddfertturn/  Earl  of  Rosslyn,  Lord  High 
Chancellor  of  England.  I  tbcrcfon:  will  £rst  give  an  account  of 
the  femily  of  Wedderbum. 

The  ntmame  of  Wedderbum  is  local,  and  wai  first  auumed  b^ 
the  lordt  or  proprtetora  of  the  barony  of  Wcdderbarn,  in  tbc 
eoun^of  Berwick,  when  roraainea  became  hereditary  in  Scotr- 
Imd,  in  the  reign  of  King  Malcolm  the  Third,  who  was  conicm* 
porary  with  William  the  Cbnqoeror. 

Waltbb  de  Wedderbnrn  was  one  of  the  great  Barons  of  Scot- 
latid,  who  iwore  ftalry  to  King  Edward  the  first  of  England,  for 
the  lands  he  possessed  in  the  counter  of  Berwick,  as  in  Prynue'f 
Kagman's  Roll,  2d  Ann.  1296.- 

The  direct  male  line  of  the  Barons  of  Wedderbum  having  ter-  - 
Boiiiated  in  an  heiret),  in  the  r«gn  of  King  Robert  the  Third, 
married  to  a  younger  ion  of  the  noble  family  of  Honje,  ibat  Ba^ 
mny  has  been  In  ihe  possession  of  tbeir  descendants  from  tbaf 
period  till  the  present.  Several  collateral  descendants  of  this  an- 
daat  family  were  proprietors  of  lands  in  the  county  of  Berwick} 
WUliclmni  de  Wedderbum  obtained  a  charter,  nnder  the  great 
•Ml  of  King  James  the  First,  of  the  lands  adjcuning  to  the  baronf 
of  Bbckader,  dated  the  20th  of  January,  142S.''  He  is  also  mca> 
tkned  in  another  royal  charter  of  the  same  King,  dated  the  laih 
May,  that  year,'  together  with  Sir  Thomas  Hay  of  Yester,  Sir 
Archibald  Ikjuglais  of  Caven,  Sheriff  of  Twecdale,  and  otheraj 

•  W.  PfTuc'i  Hist,  of  Kinf  John,  Hcmy  Ul.  ud  Uawd  I.  VA  III. 
k  RcMTloflUfilCliirtcniatlwLxd^iLtiis.M'igCct. 


42S  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

anotbftr  Gulielmus  de  Wcdderburn,  a  man  of  conuderable  pro* 
perty,  was  adhiiaistrator  id  bis  kiosmao^  Sir  Jobo  Swinton,  of 
Swinton,  duritsg  bis  miaoHty.  The  immediate  aocestor  of  tbis 
family  was 

James  Wecklerburo,  Esq.  descended  in  the  collateral  male  line 
from  the  ancient  Barons  of  Wedderburn ;  be  acqaired  considerable 
property  in  the  county  of  Forfar,  where  be  resided,  and  bad  isnie 
two  sons: 

David,  the  eldest  ton,  is  mentioned  in  a  charter  of  confirmatioDp 
vnder  (be  great  seal,  of  a  donation,^  *'  ad  sostentationem  capellani 
in  ecclesia  de  Dundee/'  bearing  date,  February  19th,  1498. .  He 
died  without  issue. 

James,  second  son»  succeeded  bis  father,  and  was  styled  son  of 
James  Wedderburn,  merchant-burgess  of  Dundee.  In  the  reign  of 
King  James  the  Fourth,'  he  married  Janet,  daaghter  and  beiresa 
of  David  Forrester,  jo(  Nevay,  £sq.  with  whom  he  acquired  a 
considerable  addition  to  bis  fortune;  by  this  Lady  be  bad  one  son, 
who.  succeeded  him, 

John  Wedderburn^  of  Tofts,  Esq.  who  got  a  charter,  under 
fhe  great  s^al  of  King  James  th^;  Fifth)  **  Johaoni  Wedderburn, 
ifilio  Jacobo  Wedderburn,  jun.  burgen.  de  Dundee,  inter  ipsum 
Jacobum,  et  Janetam*  Forrester,  ejus  .conjugein  procreat;**  of 
lands,  in  the  barony  of  Tullock  Hill,  and  county  of  For£ir,  da^ 
June  20th,  1527/  He  also  obtained  e  part  of  the  Lordship  of 
Dudhope,  which  was  confirmed  to  him  by  another  royal  charter 
from  tlxe  eame  King,  dated  August  3d,  1533.B  He  was  a  gentle* 
man  of  fine  accomplishments,  and  much  in  favour  with  King 
Jnmes  the  Fifth.  When  Lord  William  Howard  was  sent  Am- 
bassador from  England,  to  negotiate  an  interview  between  King 
James  and  his  xmcle.  King  Henry  the  Eighth,  in  the  year  1530^ 
the  Queen -inother  challenged  his  Majesty  to  produce  three  landoi 
gentlemen,  and  ihrcc  yeomen,  to  conttmd  in  archery  wi4h  si^^of 
the  ambassadors  retinue^  the  priie  of  the  victors  was  an  bandied 
crowns  and  a  tun  of  wine.  This  John  Wedderburn,  together  with 
David  Wemyss,  ef  Wemyss,  and  David  Arnot,  of  Amot,  weie 
Ihe  landed  gentlemen  chosen  by  the  King;  they  contended  at 
"Saint  Andre>^s,  and  though  the  Englishmen  acquitted  tbemselTet 
as  excellent  archers,  the  other  party  carried  away  the  priae:  this 
is  related  at  length  by  the  Scottish  historian,  Robert  Lindsa)',  of 
f^ttscottie.  He  left  issue  two  sons>  David,  his  heir 3  and  John,' 
who  was  bred  ki  tbe  chuirhu 

*  Record  preiict.  •  Ibid.  f  Ibid.  s  Ibid. 


1 
i 


EAKL  OP  B039LYN.  439 

David  WedderbarOy  of  Ttfis,  Esq.  succeeded  hh  fetter^  John. 
He  obcaioed  the  lands  of  Hilitown^  of  Craigie,  in  the  coaoty  of 
Forfar,  by  a  charier  to  him  aod  Helen  Lawson  bis  wife,  under 
the  great  seal,  dated  the  ninth  of  October,  1535;^  also  the  mains 
of  Huntley,  in  the  county  of  Perth,  by  another  royal  charter,  uur 
der  the  great  seal  of  Queen  Hilary,  dated  the  eighth  of  October^ 
1552.*  He  lived  to  a  great  age,  and  died  about  the  year  1590* 
He  married  Helen  Lawson,  of  the  family  of  fioghallj  by  whom  he 
bad  two  SODS. 

1.  Alexander^  his  heir. 

2.  James,  who  was  tuped  to  the  churchy  and  of  whom  Bishop 
Keith  ^  gives  the  fiillowing  account:  ''  He  studied  some  time  at 
Oxford}^  bat  Archbishop  Laud's  Li£b  of  Doctor  Heylin  says,  it 
was  at  Cambridge,  and  perhaps  he  might  have  studied  at  both 
these  universities)  in  the  year  l63l,  he  became  a  Prebendary  of 
Whitchurch,  in  the  diocese  of  Wells,  in  England;  afterwards,  he 
was  Professor  of  .£)ivinity  at  St.  Andrews ;  and  on  the  first  of 
Febn^ry,  1696,  was  preferred  to  the  see  of  Duroblane>  but  iu 
J  638,  was  deprived  and  excommunicated  by  the  Assembly  at 
Glasgow)  after  thb  he  went  back  into  England,  where  he  died 
next  year  (on  the  23d  of  September),  1639,  aged  fifty-four,  and 
was  buried  hi  the  Vii^gin  Mary's  chapel,  within  the  cathedra) 
church  of  Canterbury,  with  the  following  inscription  on  his 
grave*stone:  Revarendissimus  in  Chrislo  pater.  Jacobus  Wedderj 
htm,  Taoduni  in  ScoHa  natus,  sacelli  Regii  ibidem  decanus  Dum'» 
blanensis  sedis  per  annos  IF  Episcopus,  antique  probitatis  U 

^fidei  magtiumque  oh  excellentem  doctrinam  patriae  sua  omamenr 


.t> 


It  may  b^e  be  proper  to  observe,  that  the  excommunication  of 
this  worthy  prelate  above*mentioned,  was  the  effect  of  the  fana-* 
tical  zeal  of  the  Presbyterian  covenanters,  who  suppresed  the 
whole  hierarchy  in  Scotland  at  once. 
David,  of  Toils,  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son, 
Albxamdxr  Wedderburn,  who  acquired  the  Barony  of  Kin^ 
genme,  in  the  shire  of  Angus,  which  was  for  a  long  time  the 
psindpal  seat  of  the  family)  he  was  frequently  intreated  to  adjust 
and  settle  the  differences  which  happenbi  among  his  neighbours! 
in  which  office  he  was  10  judicious  and  impartial,  that  he  gave 
general  aatisfiiction  to  all  parties.    Being  entrusted  by  the  towp 

>i  Record  pnedict.  ^  ,lh\d. 

k  HiMoricil  Catalogue  of  the  Bishops  of  Scotland*  p.  197, 

1  Aor.  W9od*s  Athen.  Oxoa. 


4dO  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 


i»f  Dundee^"  in  all  (heir  priocipal  afiin,  be  bad  ii^qaeDt  oppor* 
tuniiies  of  waitiog  opon  King  James  VI.  with  vrhom  be  beame 
so  much  in  favour,  that  he  accompanied  his  Majestj  friien  be 
came  to  take  possession  of  the  crown  of  England  in  1603}  and 
when  he  was  taking  kave,  to  retam  homewanl,  the  King  took  ft 
domond  ring  from  his  finger,  which  he  piesented  to  him  as  -ti 
iofcen  of  friendship,  which  has  been  handed  down  with  the  pro- 
perty of  the  estate,  and  is  now  in  the  possession  of  Alexander 
Sciymgeour  Wedderbum,  of  Wedderburo,  Esq.  He  was  appointed 
one  of  the  Commissioners,  on  the  part  of  Scotland,  for  a  treaty  of 
tinion  with  England,  which  did  not  take  effect  at  that  time.  He 
married  *  Helen  Ramsay,  daughter  of  the  Baron  of  Brockriioiiih, 
Sn  Ibe  county  of  Fife,  descended  of  the  fiiroiiy  of  the  Earl  of  Dai- 
boQsie,  by  whom  he  had  three  sons;  I.  Alexander.  ^.  ianies. 
And,  3.  John. 

Also  three  daughters;    1.  Elizabeth,  married,  fint,  to  John 
Campbell,  of  Balyersboe,  Esq.  son  of  ■     '  Campbell,  of 

Creoan;  and,  secondly,  to  the  Rev.  Peter  Bruce,  D.  D.  Principal 
of  St.  Leonard's  college,  in  St.  Andrews,  a  son  of  the  iamMy  of 
Ilngask,  descended  from  the  house  of  dack-Manoan,  cUef  of 
that  ancient  name.    By  him  she  had  a  daughter,  Elixabetfi,  naar^ . 
ried  to  Simon  Mackenzie,  of  Lochslyne^  Esq.  brother  <tf  <3eorge, 
Farl  of  Seafortb,  by  whom  she  was  mother  of  the  oddmited 
Lawyer,  Sir  George  Mackenzie,  of  Rosehaugh,  Lord  Advo6ittf  fyt 
Scotland,  in  the  rdgn  of  King  Charles  II.  2«  Agnes,^  married  id 
Apdrew  Haliburton,  of  Pitcur,  Esq.  chief  df  that  name,  and  wai 
representative  of  the  Earl  of  Dirietoo.    3.  Magdalene,  married, 
to  the  Rev.  Mr.  William  Wedderbum,  Rector  of  Pittenweem,  aon 
of  Alexander  Wedderbum,  of  Pittormie,  Esq. 

Jdhn,  the  youngest  son  of  Alexander,  jtr^  Banm  of  Kingennie', 
was  bred  to  the  study  of  physic,  and  became  very  eminent  itt1li<l 
profession.  He  was  physician  to  King  Cbaries  the  First,  with 
whom  he  was  in  such  great  &vour,  that  his  Majesty  not  only 
confbrred  the  honour  of  knighthood  upoii  him,  but  also,  in  con- 
sideration of  his  long  and  faiihful  services,  allowed  hhn  (by  a 
warrant,p  under  the  pri\y  seal,  dated  the  lOth  January,  \6Af*B\ 
a  pension  during  life,  of  two  thousand  pounds  Scots  per  annum 
{\66L  I3.f.  4rf.  sterling)  J  but  on  account  of  his  attachment  to 
bis  Tvsyz\  matter^  he  was  deprived  of  the  benefit  of  this  gift. 

"^  Register  of  th«  town  of  Dundee.  ^  Contrtcts  In  Archiv.  FamU. 

o  Mickenxie't  Worki,  tub  tit.  Precedency,  Cap.  S.  56^ 

f  Original  In  the  Charter  CK;n  of  Fitfarran. 


£ARL  OF  B0SSLYN« 

In  the  last  meii^ioued  ytait,  Mrhen  the  Rev.  Doctor  Barwkk, 
afterwards  Dean  of  St.  Paurs,  London  (who  was  iatrusted  With 
the  mahagement  6f  the  King's  coirespondcoce  with  Ifis  friends  m 
fii^flod),  was  seized  with  a  consompHon  that  threatened  hint 
with  death,  ^  The  caie  of  his  health  was  wholly  intrusted  to  hit 
dearest  fiiend.  Doctor  John  Wedderbam,  who,  as  he  was  fdi^ 
Itietly  Physician  to  his  Majesty^  so  was  he  afterwards  oiost  d^ 
senredly  distinguished  with  the  honour  of  knighthood."  During 
all  the  time  of  this  worthy  Divine's  sidcness  and  eoofioemeiit  Itt 
the  Tower,  8ir  John  shewed  great  address  In  the  King*s  business 
in  England,  and  was  vexy  instrumental  with  his  Majes^'s  other 
friends,  in  bringing  about  the  Restoration. 

Imnsediatdy  after  the  King's  return,  Sir  Jchh  was  appointei 
Physician  to  his  Majesty. 

King  Charles  II.  in  reward  of  his  faithful  senrices,  confirmed 
the  yeariy  pension  settled  on  him  by  his  royal  father,  by  a  writ 
under  the  privy  seal,  reiy  lionoorable  to  the  family,  dated  ilie 
28th  of  June,  l6Sl.^  He  was  incorporated  in  the  university  of 
Oxford,  the  gth  of  April,  1646,'  by  virtue  of  the  Chancellor's 
letter,  wlw  writes,  that "  he  is  one  of  his  Majesty's  physicians  ift 
ordinary,  and  a  gentleman  of  known  learning,  and  vast  expert* 
ence.*  He  likewise  writes,  that  ''  he  was  originaUy  a  profbsaor 
cff  phi]oso[4iy  in  the  univerBity  of  St  Andrews,  but  that  being  too 
narrow  a  place  for  so  great  a  person,  he  left  it,  travelled  into  va* 
rious  countries,  and  became  so  celebrated  for  his  great  learning 
and  skill  in  physfck,  that  he  was  the  chief  man  of  his  ooimtry  for 
many  years  for  tliat  facidty.  Afterwards,  he  received  the  honour 
of  knighAood,  and  was  highly  valued  when  he  was  in  HoHand 
with  the  Prince,  in  1646  and  4y.  At  length,  though  his  faifirml* 
ties,  and  greiEit  age,  forced  him  to  retire  from  puUic  practice  and 
business^  yet  bis  fame  contracted  all  the  Scottish  nation  to  bim$ 
and  his  noble  hospitality  and  kindness  to  all  that  were  learned  an4 
virtuous,  made  his  conversation  no  less  loved,  than  his  advice  was 
desired  '*  He  was  a  most  munificent  patron  and  donor  to  the 
-Univeraity  of  St.  Andrews,  his  alma  mater. 

There  is  an  obligation  extant,  holograph  of  his  nephew.  Sit 
Peter,  dated  at  Gosford,  the  31st  of  October,  1671,'  whereby  lie 
^ccame  t>oond  to  pay  an  annuity  to  Sir  John.    It  recites,  that 

1  Orisioal  ja  the  above  Charter  Cheat  of  the  fatnlly.  - 
'  Wood*a  Faati  Oxon.  Vol.  II.  col.  73;. 
s  Original  'm  tht  Charter  Chest  of  tht  farnHju 


492  PEBRAOB  OP  ENGLAND^ 

'•  forasmach  as  it  .hath  pleased.  Sir  Jobo  Wedderbum  to  accept 
of  a  jeariy  aonuitie  of  six  huodred  pounds  sterling,  extending  ia 
Scots  money  to  ten  thousand  jeight  hundred  merks,  to  be  payed 
yearly  to  the  said  Sir  John,  during  his  lifetime^  at  two  terms,  in 
the  year,  by  equal  portions^**  therefore  sepurity  is  given  on  the 
barony, of  Gosford  for  the  payment.  Sir  John,  sqine  time  before 
hh.  death,  doted  to  the  church  of  Aberlady,  four  massy  cups  of 
pure  silver,  for  the  administration  of  the  holy  communion,  and 
two.  hundred  merks  of  money  to  be  distributed  among'  the  poor  of 
that  parish  i  for  all  which  the  ministers  and  elders  granted  their 
lecdpt  and  discharge  to  his  nephew.  Sir  Peter,  dated  at  Aberlady, 
the  7th  of  September,  1678.^  He  died  in  a  very  advanced  age, 
without  issue,  and  left  a  considerable  fortune  to  Sir  Peter  Wed- 
derbum, son  of  his  elder  brother,  James,  hereafter  mentioned. 

Alexanoeb,  the  eHesL  96n  of  Alexander,  first  fiaron  of  Kin- 
gennie,  succeeded  to  that  .estate,  and  became  second  Baron f  he 
was  likewise  appointed  on^  of  the  Commissions  for  regulating  the 
fveighU  and  measures  in  Scotland,  by  virtue  of  an  act  of  Parlia- 
inent  in  l508.  He  married  Magdalen,  daughter  of  John  Scrim- 
geour,  of  Kirkton,  by  whom  be  had  a  son  and  heir,  Alexander, 
and  a  daughter,  Marjory,  married  to  Robert  Carnegie,  of  Lougb- 
lands,  as  appears  by  a  charter  wider  the  great  seal,"^  dated  July 
^tb,  l625.  He  died  about  the  beginning  of  the  rdgn  of  King 
Charles  1.  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 

Albxander  Weddisrbuxn^  third  Baron  of  Kingennie,  who  naar- 

n^  three  wives  j  first. FolhcriDgham,  a  daughter  of  the 

iaird  of  Powrie,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons,  who  died  infiints; 

•ecxindly,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of Ramsay,  of  Mury,  by 

whom  he  had  Alexander,  his  heirj  his  third  wife  was  '■ 
Miln,  a  daughter  of  Milnfield,  and  relict  of  Major  Lindsay,  by 
whom  he  had  a  daughter,  Magdalen,  the  wife  of  John  Scrim- 
gc»o^ur,  of  kirkton.  He  purchased  tbe  lands  and  barony  of  Easter- 
Powrie,  and  obtained  a  charter  under  the  great  seal  from  King 
Charles  Il.y  "  Alexandro  Wedderbum,  seniora  de  Kingermie, 
terrarum  BaronUe  de  Ester  Powrie,  Wc."  Dated  January  ipih, 
1663,' after  which  he  survived  some  years,  and  was  succeeded  by 

his  son^ 
ALXiAKDBR  Wedderburn,  fourth  Baron  of  Kingennie,  who 

married  in  his  Withers  lifetime  to  bis  cousin,  Grisel,  daughter  of 

t  Original  in  the  Charter  Ckctt  of  the  family. 
«  Ch^rt  in  Publ.  Archiv.  *  Peerage  of  Scothsd^ 

y  Chart.  :n  Publ.  Archi?. 


£ASL  OF  ROSSLYNi  43i 

Sir  Alexander  Wedderbarn^  of  B^^ckness^  by  whom  he  had  a 
daughter,  Rachel^  married  to  Gilbert  Slewart>  of  Steoton^  and 
one  SOD, 

Albxaitdbb  Wcdderburn^  fifth  Baton  of  Kingennie,  who  in 
the  beginning  of  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne,  obtained  a  charter 
vnder  the  great  se^,  erecting  all  his  lands  (de  novo)  into  a  barony, 
to.  be  called  the  barony  of  Wedderbum  in  all  times  coming, 
whereupon  he  was  afterwards  denominated  Wedderbum  of  that 
Uk :  he  married  Grisel  Garden,  a  daughter  of  the  Laird  of  Laten, 
in  Angus,  by  whom  he  had  an  only  son,  David,  his  heir,  and  one 
daughter  Grisel,  who,  upon  the  death  of  her  brother,  succeeded 
to  ihe  estate,  and  became  heir  of  the  line  of  Wedderbum  of  Kin- 
gennie.   The  said 

David  Wedderbum,  of  that  ilk,  dying  unmarried,  in  him  ended 
the  whole  male  line  of  Alexander,  eldest  son  of  Kingennie^  and 
the  representation  in  the  next  male  line  devolved  upon  the  de- 
icendanCs  of 

Jambs  Wedderbum*,  Esq.  second  son  of  Alexander, ^r^/  Baron 
of  Kingennie,  who  obtained  in  patrimony  thef  lands  of  Blackness, 
in  the  county  of  Forfar,  which  continued  to  be  the  chief  title  of 
the  elder  branch  of  the  family.  He  married  Margaret,-  daughter 
James  Goldman,  Esq.  of  the  family  of  Sandford,  of  Engljsh  de- 
soeat  (whose  other  daughter  was  married  to  John  Sinclair,  of 
Brims,  Esq.  great  grandfather's  father  of  the  present  Sir  Johrv 
Sincteir,  of  Ulbster,  Esq.  member  of  Parliament  for  Caithness) ; 
with  this  Lady 'he  got  a  great  portion  in  money,  and  had  by  her 
two  sons,  Alexander  and  Peter. 

Alexander,  the  eldest  son>  had  the  honour  of  knighthood 
conferred  upon  him  5  and  his  grandson.  Sir  John  Wedderbum,  of 
Blackness,  was  created, a  Baronet  of  Scotland,  to  him  **  et  he- 
redes  ejus  masculos  in  perpetuum;*'  dated  the  Qth  of  August, 
1704,*  whose  family  enjoying  a  considerable  fortune  in  thf 
county  of  Forfar,  and  in  Jamaica,  is  still  represented  in  the  male 
line.* 

>  Record  of  patenti  ia  the  Lord  Register's  OfBce. 

*  I  presome  that  this  title  is  the  same  which  was  forfeited }  aiid  from  whence 
drscended  the  present  Sir  David  Wedderbum,  of  Baliendeo,ai2d  Blackness,  Penh- 
chire,  who  was  created  an  Engl'sh  Baronet,  August  10th,  18C3.  See  Dehntft 
Bamutage,  II.  261.  ** 

**  Among  the  rebels  tried  at  St.  Matgarct's  Hill  Covrt-hoiue,  Southwark,  Oc« 
tober  1746,  for  the  rcbellioa  of  1745,  was  Sir  John  Wedderbum,  who  produced 
^itnessct  to  prQve,  that  the  time  be  was  said  to  be  amoo^  the  rebels  be  had  been 

▼OL,  r.  a  F 


434  PEERAO£  OP  ENGLAND. 

Sir  Pbtbk  Wedderbarn,  the  second  son,  acquired  the  Eanmf 
of  Gosfwdf  ID  the  coonty  of  Mid  Lothian,  by  dispoation  irooi 
Sir  Alexander  Auchmutie,  of  Gosford,  Knight^  dated  the  third  of 
January  idSS-Q.**  which  was  resigned  by  the  said  Sir  Alexandq^ 
into  the  hands  of  Bichard  Cromwell,  I^rd  Protector,  by  notorial 
instrument,  dated  the  28th  of  that  month/  who  granted  the  same 
to  Sir  Peter,  by  a  chancer  dated  the  second  of  March  following,  to 
which  is  appendant  thr  great  seal  of  his  father,  CMWer;^  and  he 
was  vested  and  seised  therein  by  an  instmment  of  sasine,  dated 
the  14th  of  that  month/ 

Sir  Peter  was  bred  to  the  study  of  the  law,  and  became  one  of 
the  most  eminent  in  his  profession.  His  attachment  to  his  Sove- 
reign, in  the  worst  of  times,  was  steady  and  inviolable;  and  his 
abilities  at  the  bar  were  so  conspicuous,  that  in  the  coarse  of  a 
few  years  practice  he  acquired  a  very  handsome  fortune.  He  re* 
ceived  the  honour  of  knighthood,  soon  after  the  Restoration,  as  a 
reward  for  his  loyalty,  and  was  appointed  sole  clerk  of  the  Privy 
Council  of  Scotland,  and  Keeper  of  the  Signet  during  life,  with 
power  to  him  to  appoint  his  own  deputy,  or  deputies,  at  his  plea* 
sore,  by  commission  under  tlie  great  seal  of  that  kingdom,  dated 
the  28th  of  August,  l66oS  He  purchased  from  Walter,  Lord 
Torpbicbeu,  the  lands  of  Lochhill,  in  the  fiarony  of  Ballincrieff, 
and  county  of  East  Lotliian,  and  obtained  a  disposttioa  thereto, 
dated  the  first  of  August,  l66\ .«  He  afterwards  obtained  an  act 
of  Parliament,  dated  the  10th  July,  1662,^  dissolving  these  lands 
firom  the  barony  of  BallincrieflT,  and  erecting  them  into  a  separate 

four  dmes  uken  by  force  from  bio  own  house  by  the  rebels,  and  that  for  the 
greateot  part  of  that  time  be  was  at  his  own  house.  But  the  Counsel  for  the 
Crowo  produced  twelve  receipts  signed  John  Wedderbum,  for  excise  collected  at 
Perth,  Dundee,  Sec.  and  proved  to  be  hit  hand-wiiting;  and  some  of  the  wit- 
nesses theiM«]vci  proved  t|ke  paying  of  excise  to  hino.  It  was  proved  V.io,  tba^ 
he  owned  himself  a  volunteer  in  Lord  Ogilvie*8  second  battalion ;  and  by  an  of- 
ficer, who  said  be  was  a  private  man  in  the  said  battalion.  The  jury,  without 
going  out  of  Court,  found  him  guilty.  Sir  John*s  father  had  a  small  esute  near 
Dundee,  which  was  sold  to  satisfy  his  creditors  $  whence  this  gentleman  being 
left  destitute,  was  obliged 'to  occupy  a  small  farm  to  support  a  wife  and  nine  chii-  » 
dren,  who  were  commonly  seen  to  run  about  the  doors  of  a  small  thatched  cot 
barefooted ;  s^  that  private  distress  drove  him  to  despair,  and  that  headltrng  tm 
rebellion/*    Gent*.  Mag.  Vol.  XVI.  p.  572. 

Sir  John  Wedderburn  was  executed  at  Kennington  Common,  Friday,  aSck 
November,  1746.    ibid,  p   6tz, 

*  Origiual  in  the  Charter  (ihcst  of  Pitfarran.  c  Ibid.  d  Jbid. 

e  Ibid.  f  Ibid.  g  Ibid, 

^  Unprinted  acUj^  Statute  book* 


1 


EARI/  CXF  ROSSLYN*.  439 

hi^toay;  wbich  was  confirmed  to  him  by  a  charter  under  the  great 
seal,  dated  the  4th  of  Jane,  l663.^ 

Sir  Peter,  on  account  of  bis  great  abilities  and  knowledge  of 
the  law,  was  appointed  one  of  the  Lords  of  Council  and  Session^ 
by  a  royal  commission  under  the  great  seal,  and  took  his  seat  on 
that  bench,  on  the  17th  of  July,  1668;*  the  respect  shewn  to  him 
by  the  other  Lords  was  so  great,  that  when  the  president.  Lord 
Stair;  went  to  London,  he  was  unanimously  chosen  Vice-president, 
in  preference  to  seyeral  that  were  bis  seniors  on  that  bench.''  He 
drew  up  Decisions  of  the  Court  of  Sessbn,  or  Reports,  from  the 
first  of  June,  I668,  till  the  end  of  July,  1677.^  The  learned  Sir 
George  Macken2ie,  the  Lord  Advocate,  has  given  us  the  follow- 
ing amiable  character  of  him  when  a  Counsellor  at  law :™  **  Wed- 
derbumos  morum  probit^te,  judices  client!  conciliate  dicendique 
tuavitate  eos  corrumpere  potuisset  si  voluisset,  nihil  autem  ille  in 
facto  nisi  quod  verum,  nee  in  jure  nisi  quod  justum,  pathetice, 
urgebat;  Ciceronis  lectioni  semper  incumbebat}  unde  ill!  dicendi 
gernis  uniforme  et  flezanimum ;  ex  junioribus  tamen  nullus  ilium 
imitari  poterat  sicut  ille  Ciceronem;  eloquium'  materiam,  actio 
eloqaium  deoorabat,  famaque  fugientem  prosequebatur."  Sir 
Peter's  eminent  abilities  procured  him  the  respect  and  confidence 
of  the  first  characters,  fisr  rank  and  influence,  in  his  time,  as  ap- 
pears firom  his  correspondence,  preserved  in  the  Charter  Chest  of 
Fitferran. 

Many  instances  of  the  respect  paid  to  Sir  Peter's  great  judg- 
ment and  abilities  might  be  given.  His  opinion  generally  deter- 
mined all  differences,  where  the  parties  were  willing  to  submit  to 
reason,  and  to  avoid  the  tedious,  expensive,  and  uncertain  procesa 
at  law;  which  to  the  honour  of  modern  times,  is  now  much  move 
quickly  discussed  in  Scotland  than  formerly. 

He  married  Agnes,  daughter  of  John  Dickson,  of  Hartree,  Esq. 
a  learned  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Sessions,  and  chief  of  that  ancient 
snmame,  and  by  this  Lady  he  had  three  sons  and  a  daughter. 

1 .  John,  his  heir. 

2.  Peter,  who  succeeded  his  brother. 

3.  Alexander,  of  whom  afterwards. 

His  only  daughter,  Agnes,  was  married  to  David  Halibarton, 
of  Pitcur,  £sq» 

^  Origiatfr  ia  tbe  Charter  Chest  of  the  ftmily. 

A  Lord  Hftilet's  Cecalogve  of  the  Court  of  Session.  ^  ^» 

^  Presstved  in  MS.  in  the  Advocate*!  UWarif. 

•  MMkensie^t  Works. 


43d  PfiERAGJS  or  ENGLAND. 

John  Wedderboniy  of  Gosfard,  Esq.  fuoceedecl  hit  ftlher.  Sir 
Peter.  He  was  served  heir  to  bim  by  retours^  general  and  special^ 
of  date  the  8th  of  ApriU  1080*  and  was  vested  and  seised  in  his 
whole  fortune,  by  instrument  of  sasioe,  dated  the  2Qth  May  tbact^ 
after ."^  This  John  was  a  gentleman  of  fine  accompUshments,  and 
was  appointed  a  Privy  Counsellor  beftore  be  was  twenty  years  of 
age.  He  had  travelled  much  into  foreign  parts;  and  when  at  the 
court  of  Copenhagen,  he  entered  into  an  engagement  with  the 
King  of  Denmark,**  a  copy  of  which  is  still  preserved,  whereby 
he  agreed  to  furnish  his  Danish  Majesty  with  a  regiment  of  bis 
awn  countrymen,  consisting  of  twelve  companies^  of  100  moo 
each,  exlusive  of  officers,  and  other  necessary  attendants,  to  serve 
only  while  peace  subsisted  between  his  Britannic  Majesty  and 
Denmark.  In  this  agreement,  the  daily  pay  of  each  person  b 
specified^  the  Coloners  was  1/.  \Ss.  4d,\  the  Captain's  lls.8  d; 
the  private  man's  \Od,'j  and  the  other  intermediate  ranka  in  pro-i 
portion'  The  Danish  Ambassador,  at  London,  was  to  advance 
five  pounds  as  the  enlisting  money  of  each  man,  and  twelve  6xj% 
pay  to  each  officer  and  soldier  on  their  embarkation* 

This  gentleman  was  shipwrecked  on  the  coast  near  Calais,  on 
tfie  26th  of  May,  l688,  and  his  corpse  t>eing  brought  to  Scotland^ 
was  buried  in  the  parish  church  of  Aberlady,  on  the  pth  of  July 
fi>llowing,  -at  which  mournful  occanon  a  pathetic  funeral  aermoQ 
was  preached  by  the  parish  minister,?  firom  these  words:  ''  For 
herewe  have  no  continuing  city,  but  we  seek  cme  to  eomo}**  in 
which  his  character  is  thus  summed  up: 

''  In  his  death,  the  King  has  lost  a  ooost  faitfafcd  and  moat 
useful  subject  J  his  country  an  eminent  patriot,  his  relations  Iheir 
gil^at  glory,  his  parish,  and  ministers,  their  titular,  the  poor  tbeic 
father,  and  all  of  us  our  beat  friend."^ 

"  The  origijul  deeds  are  in  the  «bove-meadoned  Charter  Cheat. 

•  Ibid.  P  Charter  Chest  of  the  famiiy. 

4  The  fbllowiog  inicription  was  engraved  oil  his  moaumeats 

<<  In  Johaanem  Wedderburnam, 

Gotfordti  Dominam* 

Qui  nattfragio  periit  prope  littus  Calelerivt 

a6co  Mail,  A.  C.  m  dc  lzxzvixi. 

Occidit  hea  multis  1  ^uam  multis  I  flexibilis  atqai 

Flebilior  nulli  quam  mihi !  Tah !  misero. 
Vir  Civitque  bonus,  rigidi  Sectator  hontstii 

Grande  decna  patriae,  buia  columcnque  sqk. 
Omnigena  Tutate  aiicans  An  quam  docet  aut  Man 
Ftitforem  deflouic  ArsqveMavonqut  suiuu** 


EARL  OP  ROSSLTN.  4S7 

Hariog  nerer  married^  he  was  iocceeded  bj.his  next  brother^ 
Pbtbr  Wedderburn^  born  anno  l660,  who  was  served  heir  to 
him  by  a  special  retour>  dated  the  1 1th  of  October,  1688 ;'  during 
the  lifetime. of  his  brother,  he  went  into  the  army,  and  was  ap- 
pointed second  Lieutenant  of  Captain  Ogilvie*s  company  in  the 
Iroyal  regiment  of  foot,  oommaoded  by  George,  Earl  of  Durabar^ 
ton,  by  commission,  dated  the  26th  of  March,  1686.*  He  was 
•afterwards  advanced  to  the  rank  of  Captain  of  grenadiers  in  the 
same  regiment,  by  commission,  dated  the  20th  of  September^ 
l688$^  and,  being  a  person  of  great  probity  and  judgment,  h# 
was  men^ber  of  the  Parliaments  of  Scotland,  from  the  Revolution 
till  the  Union.  He  was  created  a  Batonet  of  Scotland,  by  patent 
under  the  great  seal,  dated  the  30th  of  December,  l697,'>  with 
remainder,  **  hseredibus  masculis  de  ejus  corpore.**  He  married 
Dame  Janet  Halket,  heiress  of  Pitferrane,  the  eldest  daughter  of  Sir 
Charles  Halket,  of  Pitferrane,  Baronet,  and  his  Lady^  Janet,  only 
daughter  of  Sir  Patrick  Muiray,  of  Pildennis,  Knight,  second  son 
of  Sir  William  Marray,  of  Clermont,  Baronet;  and,  agreeable  to 
the  entail  of  the  barony  of  Pitferrane^  assumed  the  name  of 
Halket. 

By  the  hdress  of  Pitferrao,.  Sir  Peter  had  five  sons  and  four 
daughters;  viz. 

1.  Sir  Peter  Wedderbuiti,  Bart,  his  heir,  who  afterwards  took 
the  name  of  HaUet  of  PUferran,  who  rose  to  the  rank  of  Colonel 
in  the  army,  and  was  killed  in  the  service  of  his  country,  in  that  ^ 
fatal  action  under  General  Braddock,  in  North  America,  the  gth 
of  July,  1755,  leaving  issue  by  his  wife,  Lady  Emilia  Steuart, 
daughter  of  Francis,  Earl  of  Murray;  three  soni;  1.  Peter.  2. 
Francis.    3.  James;  all  dead  without  issue. 

2.  Charles,  of  whom  afterwards. 

3.  James,  who  died  unmarried.  4.  Alexander,  who  acquired 
the  estase  of  St.  Germain's,  in  the  county  of  Haddington,  and 
married  his  cousin,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  David  Haliburton,  of 
Pitcur,  Esq.  but  died  witboat  issue«  5.  Robert,  who  married 
Rachel)  daughter  of  John  Thompson,  of  Charlton,  Esq.  and  had 


Sir  Peter's  daughters  were;  I.  Janet,  married  to  Robert  Col<- 
vill,  of  Ochiltree,  Esq.  the  heir  of  line  of  the  said  Lord  Col- 
vill,  of  Ochiltree^  and  proprietor  of  the  esUtes  of  that  £uni]y,  in 

t  Charter  Chest  of  the  htmlf.  •  lUd.  *  Ibid. 

•  The  •rigioal  patent  in  the  uid  Charter  Chest. 


438  P£EBA6£  OF  ENGLAND. 

the  ooanties  of  Fife  and  Kinross^  by  whom  she  had  issae 
2*  Agnes,  who  died  nnnoarried.  3.  Christian,  married  to  James 
Car^itairs,  of  Kilconqubar,  who  afterwards  took  the  name  of  Jame* 
Broce^  of  Kinros*,  Esq.  by  whom  she  had  a  numerous  issue. 

Sir  Peter  died  at  the  advanced  age  of  eighty-six,  in  the  yeat 
1746,  and  was  succeeded  in  his  estate  of  Gosford  by  his  second 
•on, 

Charles  Wedderbum,  of  Goiford,  Esq.  a  gentleman  of  the 
strictest  honour,  who  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Heuij  Ward* 
law,  of  Pitreavie,  Baronet,  by  Elizabeth,  second  daughter  of  Sir 
Charles  Halket,  of  Pitferran,  Baronet,  by  whom  he  had  five  sons 
aad  three  daughters. 

1.  John,  his  heir.  2.  Henry,  who  was  a  Captain  in  the 
East  Indies,  and  afterwards  rose  to  considerable  preferment 
there.  He  married,  and  had  issue  one  daughter,  Mary,  married 
to  Colonel  Sir  John  Cumming.  Henry  married,  secondly,  a  daugh^^ 
ter  of  John  Belches,  of  Innerrrjay,  Esq.  but  by  her  he  had  no 
issue.  3.  James,  an  officer  in  the  army,  who  died  unmarried 
4.  Peter,  an  officer  in  the  service  of  the  States  of  Holland,  died 
unmarried.  5  Charles,  an  officer  in  the  service  of  the  East  In«> 
dia  Company,  died  with  many  others  in  the  prison  called  thf 
Blackhole  at  Calcutta. 

The  daughters  were,  1.  Elizabeth,  died  unmarried.  2.  Janet, 
married  to  John  Erskine,  of  Balgownie.  3.  Mary,  married  to 
Major  Charles  Steuart,  hj  whom  she  had  fire  sons,  and  ono 
daughter. 

Charles  died  in  the  year  ]  755,  and  was  3ucceeded  by  hl%  eldest 
son, 

John  Wedderburn,  of  Gosford,  Esq.  who,  upon  &ilure  of 
issue  of  his  uncle.  Sir  Peter  Halket,  of  Pitferran,  succeeded  to 
that  estate,  agreeable  to  the  entail  above-mentioned;  also  to  the 
dignity  of  Baronet,  and  aAerwards  resigned  the  estate  of  Gosford 
in  favour  of  his  immediate  younger  brother.  Captain  Henry  Wed- 
derburn. He  was  then  designed  Sir  John  Halket,  of  Pitfcrrane, 
Baronet.  Sir  John  entered  intq  the  ikiilltary  profession,  and  was 
a  Captain  in  the  army.  He  married,  first,  Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  Andrew  Fletcher,  of  Salton,  Esq.  one  of  the  Senators  of  the 
College  of  Justice,  Lord  Justice  Clerk,  and  keeper  of  his  Majesty-s 
Signet  in  Scotland,  by  whom  he  bad  one  daughter,  Eliaabetb* 
He  married,  secondly,  Mary,  daughter  of  the  Honourable  John 
Hamilton,  uncle  of  the  late  Earl  of  Haddington,  by  whom  he  had 
fUL  sons  and  seven  daughters: 


XARL  OF  ROSSLYN.  439 

1.  Charlef,  his  beir,  formerly  Lieutenant  lA  the  21«t  regitnent 
6f  dragoons.  2.  Peter,  an  officer  in  the  royal  navy.  3.  John. 
4.  Henry.  5.  Alexander.  6.  Thomas.  The  daughters  were« 
1.  Margaret.  2.  Mary.  3.  Janet.  4.  Amelia.  5.  Catherine. 
6.  Shalto-Charlotte.    ?.  Helen. 

We  now  return  to 

Albxandbb  Wedderburn,  Esq.  third  son  of  the  abovemenHoned 
Sir  Peter,  Lord  Gosford,  who  got  a  very  considerable  patrimony 
from  his  father.  He  was  bred  to  the  study  of  the  hiw^  and  was 
admitted  an  advocate.  Being  a  man  of  extensive  knowledge  and 
abilities,  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  Commissioners  of  his  Ma- 
jesty's revenues  and  excise  for  Scotland  -,  which  office  he  enjoyed 
as  long  as  he  lived.  By  Mary  his  wife^  daughter  of  James  Daes^ 
of  Coldingknows,  Esq.  in  the  county  of  Berwick,  and  Advocate^ 
by  Margaret^  rehct  of  Alexander  Haliburton»  of  Newroains,  Esq. 
and  sister  of  Sir  Thomas  Kerr«  of  Cavers,  he  had  one  son  and  two 
daughters.     He  was  succeeded  by  bis  only  son, 

PsTBR  Wedderburn,  of  Chester  hall,  Esq.  who  studied  the  law, 
and  entered  Advocate.  To  him,  with  great  justice,  may  be  ap» 
plied,  the  amiable  character  given  to  his  grandfather.  Sir  Peter 
Wedderburn,  of  €rosford,  by  5ir  George  Mackenzie,  as  before 
noticed.  After  several  years  practice  at  the  bar,  he  was,  by  8 
royal  comraisaion,  appointed  a  Senator  of  the  College  of  Justice, 
and  was  admitted  to  a  seat  on  that  bench,  under  the  title  of  Lord 
Chesterhatl,  the  24th  of  July,  1755.  He  married  Janet,  daughter 
of  Colonel  ■  Ogilvie,  descended  from  the  family  of  the  Earl 
of  Airly,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons  and  one  daughter. 

1.  Alexander,  late  Earl  of  Rosslyn. 

2.  David,  a  Colonel  in  the  army,  was  killed  in  the  service  of 
bis  countty,  at  the  retaking  of  Barrock,  in  India,  in  the  year  ]  773, 
nn  married. 

His  daoghter,  Janet,  was  married  to  Sir  Henry  £rski^e  of  Alva, 
Baronet  J  and  was  mother  of  the  present  Earl. 

Albxanobr,  first  Eabl  o?  Rossltn,  bom  February  13th^ 
1733,  being  bred  to  the  law,  t>ecaroe  so  eminent  for  his  great 
knowledge  therein,  that  he  waa  called  to  the  degree  of  Seijeant 
at  law,  with  rank  of  one  of  his  Majesty*s  Counsel  $  in  January 
J 77 1,  was  promoted  to  the  office  of  Solicitor-General,  which  he 
held  till  July  1 778,  when  he  was  advanced  to  that  of  Attorney- 
General}  and  in  1780,  was  appointed  Lobd  Chibf  Justicb  of 

THE  COUBTOF  COMMON  PlBAA. 


440  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

In  the  12th  Parliament  of  Great  Britaio,  he  represented  the 
boroughs  of  Rothesay,  Inverary,  &c.  in  North  Britain;  at  the 
general  election  in  }77^t  ^^  chosen  representattire  for  Castlo 
Rising,  in  Norfolk,  as  also  for  the  borough  of  Oakhampton,  in 
Devonshire^  but  made  his  election  for  the  latter;  in  ]  778,  he  was 
elected  for  the  borough  of  Bishop*s  Castle,  in  Shropshire,  and  was 
advanced  to  the  dignity  of  a  Peer  of  Great  Britain,  by  the  name^ 
style,  and  title  of  Lord  Loughborough,  Baron  of  Loughborough, 
in  the  county  oj  Leicester,  and  to  the  heirs  male  of  his  body  law- 
fully begotten,  by  letters  patent,  bearing  date,  June  I4th,  1/80. 

In  17b3,  his  Lordship  was  appointed  First  Commissioner  for 
keeping  the  Great  Seal;  and  on  January  27th,  1/93,  he  was  ap* 
pointed  Lord  High  Chancellor  of  £4SOLABro^  which  be  held 
till  April  15  th,  1801,  when  he  was  succpeded  by  the  present  Lord 
Eldon. 

On  October  31st,  1795,  his  Lordship  obtained  a  new  patent 
of  a  barony,  by  the  title  of  Lord  Loughborough,  of  Lough* 
borovghf  in  the  county  of  Surrey,  with  remainders  severally  and. 
successively  to  his  nephews.  Sir  James  Sinclair  {^rskine,  Bart,  and 
John  Erskine,  Esq.  and  by  patent  April  21st,  1601,  was  created 
Earl  op  Rosslvn,  in  the  coi^nty  of  Mid  Lothian*  with  the  sama 
remainders. 

His  Lordship  was  £rst  married  on  December  31st,  1/67,  to 
Betty-Ann,  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Dawson,  of  Morley,  in  the 
county  of  York,  Esq.  but  her  Ladyship  dying,  February  I5ih^ 
1781,  without  issue,  his  Lordship  married,  July  J  ^82,  CharlottCi 
daughter  of  William  the  first,  and  sister  to  the  l^te  William, 
Viscount  Courtenay,  but  had  no  issue  by  her. 

His  Lordship  died  January  3d,  1805. 

It  is  difficult  to  speak  of  public  men,  so  lately  deceased,  free 
from  the  prejudices  created  by  individual  feelings.  Lord  Eosslya 
appeared  to  be  a  man  of  subtle  and  plausible  rather  tlian  of  sc^id 
talents.  Ilis  ambition  was  great,  and  his  desire  of  office  unli- 
mited. He  could  argue  with  great  ing«nuiiy  on  either  side;  so 
that  it  was  difficult  to  anticipate  his  future,  by  his  past,  opinions. 
These  qualities  made  a  valuable  partisan ,  and  a  useful  andeffir 
clent  member  of  any  administration.  Early  in  his  public  career 
he  incurred  the  powerful  satire  of  Churchill  in  a  coupletj,  which 
adhered  to  him  for  the  remainder  of  his  life.  He  had  been  des- 
tined for  the  Scotch  bar;  a  fortunate  resolve  brought  him  to  thm 
wealthier  harvest  of  English  jurisprudence.    His  success  was  rcy 


I 


EARL  OF  ROSSLYN.  441 

gular  and  constant;  and  in  the  character  of  Solicitor-General^  he 
was  long  a  powerful  support  to  the  parliamentary  conduct  of  Lonl 
North^s  Ministry.  When  the  alarm  of  the  French  rerolation^ 
which  separated  the  heterogeneous  opposition  formed  by  the 
Whigs  under  Fox,  and  the  Tories  under  I^rd  North,  obtaine 
him  a  seat  on  the  Woolsack,  he  filled  that  important  station  during 
the  eig;ht  years  he  occupied  it,  not  perhaps,  in  a  manner  perfectly 
satisfactory  to  the  suitors  of  his  court,  nor  alwajrs  with  the  highest 
degree  of  dignity  as  Speaker  of  the  Upper  House  $  but  alwajrs 
with  that  pliancy,  readiness,  ingenuity,  and  knowledge^  of  which 
political  leaders  must  have  fch  the  convenience,  and  the  public 
duly  appreciated^  the  talent.  Yet  his  slender  and  flexible  elo- 
quence, hh  minuter  person,  and  the  comparative  feebleness  of 
his  bodily  organs,  were  by  no  means  a  match  for  the  direct,  sono* 
rous,  and  energetic  oraiory,  the  powerful  voice,  dignified  figure, 
and  t>old  mapuer  of  Ihurlow ;  of  whom  he  always  seemed  to 
stand  in  awe,  and  to  whose  superior  judgment  he  often  bowed 
against  his  will. 

His  Lordship  was  sqcceeded  by  his  nephew.  Sir  Jambs  Siv« 
CLAIR  £rskine^  Bart,   who  thus  became  skcoho  Eaxl  or 

RQtSJLTH. 

His  Lordship  is  son  and  heir  of  the  late  Sir  Henry  Erskine,  of 
Alva,  *Bart.  by  Janet  Wedderbum,  sister  to  the  late  Earl.  Siir 
H^nry  was  descended  from  a  younger  son  of  the  Earls  of  Marr^ 
in  Scotland. 

John  Erskine,  seventh  Earl  of  Marr,  who  died  l634,  married 
to.  his  second  wife.  Lady  Mary  Stewart,  daughter  of  Esme,  Dukt 
of  Lennox,  by  whom  he  had, 

1.  James>  Earl  of  Buchan. 

2.  Henry,  Lord  Card  rose. 

3.  Sir  Alexander  Erskine, 

4.  Sir  Charles  Erskine,  of  Alva>  who  was  created  a  Baronet  in 
l6(^,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 

Sir  Charles  Erskine,  of  Alva,  who  was  bom  July  4th,  l643,  and 
married  Christian  daughter  of  Sir  James  Dundas,  of  Amiston.  By 
her  he  had  four  son^. 

i.  Sfr  James  Erskine,  of  Alva,  killed  at  the  battle  of  Landea, 
July  23d,  1693,  unmarried. 

2.  Sir  John  Erskine  of  Alva,  hereafter  mendoned. 

3.  Charles,  bom  in  jCBO. 

4.  i>ri  Robert  Enkwe,  Physician  to  the  Csar  of  Rusua. 


441  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

Charles  Erskine,  or  as  he  more  moall/  spelt  his  nsLwe,  Arrakine, 
the  third  son,  horn  in  168O,  studied  law,  entered  Advocate  17f  1, 
was  appointed  Solicttor-general  for  Scotland,  dected  nierober  of 
parliament  for  the  Damfries  district  of  borooghs,  nominated, 
1737,  his  Majesty's  Advocate  foi^  Scotland,  promoted  to  a  seat  on 
the  Bench,  November  29tb^  1744,  on  which  occasion  he  assomed 
the  title  of  Lord  Ttnwald,  the  name  of  an  estate  belonging  to 
him  in  Dumfrieshire ;  and  was  appointed,  1748,  Lord  Justice 
Clerk,  which  he  held  till  bis  death,  in  17^3.  He  had  disposed  of 
the  estate  of  Itnwaid  some  years  before,  as  also  €»f  the  land  of 
Batjarg,  in  the  same  county,  which  he  had  got  by  marriage,  in 
order  to  enable  him  to  purchase,  from  the  creditors  of  his  nephew^ 
hia  noble  paternal  seat  and  estate  of  Alva,  in  Stirlingshire ;  which 
he  accordingly  did,  but  left  it  borthened  with  so  heavy  a  load  of 
debt,  that  his  son  was  obliged,  in  a  few  years,  to  dispose  of  it  to 
the  late  John  Johnstone,  Esq.  brother  of  the  late  Sir  William 
Pulteney,  Bart.  Lord  Justice  Clerk  T^wald  married,  first,  De- 
cember 21st,  17^2,  Grizel,  daughter  and  heiress  of  the  Grieisons^ 
of  Barjflrg,  and  by  her  had,  besides  ten  children  who  died  young, 
and  were  bulled  with  their  mother  in  the  Grey  Friers,  at  Edin« 
burgh,  three  daughters  $  Christian,  born  December  30th,  1715, 
married,  Pebruaiy  4th,  1733,  to  Sir  Robert  Laurie,  of  Maxwell- 
tonn,  in  the  county  of  Dumfries,  Bart.}  Jean,  bom  April  ISXh, 
17M,  married,  December  21st,  1746,  to  William  Kirkpatrick,  of 
Shaws,  in  the  same  county;  and  Susannah,  bom  September  20tb9 
4727,  manied,  March  26th,  1749,  to  Robert  Campbell,  of  Finab 
and  Menzie,  member  of  parliament  for  Argyleshire,  and  Receiveir* 
general  of  the  Customs;  also  two  sons,  Charies  Erskine,  6orn 
October  21st,  1716,  member  of  parliament,  and  counsellor  at 
}aw,  who  died  at  London,  unmarried,  in  his  father's  lifetime,  and 
was  buried  in  the  chapel  of  LincolQ*s-Inn;*  and  James,  Lord 
Alva,  Lord  Justice  Clerk  Ttnwald  married,  secondly,  August 
26th,  1753,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Mr.  Harestanes,  of  Craiga, 
relict  of  Dr.  William  Maxwell,  of  Preston  ''by  whom  she  had  two 
daughters.,  and  co-beircsscs;  Mary,  married  at  Edinburgh,  April 
,14th,  1761,  to  William,  twenty-first  Eari  of  Sutherland  j  and 
Wilhelmina,  married  at  London,  September  26ih,  1761,  to  John, 
lx>rd  Viscount  Glenorchy,  son  of  John,  third  Earl  of  BreadaU 
bene),  but  by  her^  who  survived  him,  had  no  issue.     To  the 

'  See  a  fAxtjuxtx  of  bim  in  Mri •  Montagu*!  Letters  in  Cenrars  Litem ub 


EARL  OF  ROSSLYN.  44$ 

raecnoTy  of  several  of  the  persons  already  meotioned.  Lord  Alva 
cet  up  mooaments  in  the  chancel  of  the  parigh  church  of 
Alva,  with  elegant  classical  inscriptions  of  his  own  composition^ 
James  Erskine,  Lord  Alva^  was  born  at  Edinburgh,  June  20ih» 
1722,  entered  Advocate,  December  2'itli,'  1743,  was  appointed 
Sheriff  in  the  county  of  Perth,  on  the  abolition  of  the  Heritable 
Jurisdictions 3  nominated  one  of  the  Barons  of  the  Court  of  £x« 
chequer  of  Scotland,  May  27th,  1754}  this  he  resigned  on  his 
appointment  to  a  seat  on  the  Bench  of  the  Supreme  Civil  Court 
cf  Scotland,  June  Sth,  1761 ;  on  which  occasion  he  assumed  the 
title  of  Lord  Barjarg,  a  property  he  inherited  from  his  mother; 
but  he  afterwards  assumed  the  title  of  Lord  Alva,  the  name  of 
an  estate  belonging  to  his  father.  He  died  at  Drurasheugb,  near 
Edinburgh,  one  of  the  Senators  of  the  College  of  Justice,  the 
13th  of  May,  1796.  At  his  Lordship's  death,  he  was  the  oldest 
judge  in  Britain.  He  married,  first,  June  11th,  1749.  Margaret, 
second  daughter  of  Hugh  M^cguire,  of  Drumdon,  in  Ayrshire,  sister 
of  the  Countess-dowager  of  Gleucaim ;  by  her  (who  died  April 
17^9  aged  thirty-seven),  he  had  two  daughters;  Jean,  unmarried  1 
and  Isabella,  married  to  Captain  Patrick  Tytler,  of  one  of  the 
regiments  of  foot,  son  of  the  learned  author  of  the  Vindication  of 
Oueen  Mary;  also  two  sons;  Charles,  born  June  23d,  1731,  died 
September  17^1^  in  his  tenth  year;  and  Johui  born  December 
dOth,  1758>  who,  after  studying  the  law  in  the  Temple  and  Edin- 
burgh University,  entered  Advocate  178I;  was  appointed  Clexj^ 
to  the  Commissary  Court  of  Scotland  in  1790;  and  died  at  £din* 
Inugb,  January  l6th',  1792,  in  his  thirty-fourth  year;  having 
married  Christina,  eldest  daughter  of  John  Carruthers,  of  Hol- 
jnains,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons;  James,  heir  to  his  grand- 
father; and  John;  and  one  daughter,  Charlotte.  Lord  Alva  mar- 
ried, secondly,  Jean,  daughter  and  heiress  of  the  Stirling  family, 
of  Herbertshire,  relict  of  Sir  John  Stirling,  of  Glovat,  Bart,  but 
by  her,  who  survived,  had  no  issue.* 

'  Sir  John  Erskine,  of  Alva,  Bart,  second  son,  was  killed  by  a 
fall  from  his  horse  in  the  Isle  of  Man,  March  12ih,  1739>  aged 
sixty- seven.  He  married  Barbara  Sinclair,  second  daughter  of 
Hebry,  the  seventh  Lord  Sinclair,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons. 

1.  Sir  Charles  Erskine,  of  Alva,  Bart,  killed  at  the  battljB  of 
Lafelt^  without  male  issue. 

7  Biog.  Diet.  Vol,  V.  p.  451.  «  IbicL 


4U  P£ERAGB  OP  ENGLAND. 

2,  Sir  Hbvsy  ErakiDe^  of  Alra,  Bart.  M.  P.  who  died  in  1763» 
having  married,  as  beforemeationed,  Janet  Wedderbnm,  sister 
of  the  Eari  of  Rossi jo,  by  whom  he  left  issue^ 

1 .  Sir  Jambs,  now  Earl  of  Rosslyn. 

2.  Joboi  Barrister  at  Law,  a  Ftlazer  of  the  Court  of  CommoB 
Pleas,  married,  in  1802;  Miss  Mordaunt,  daughter  to  the  late,  and 
sister  to  the  present  Sir  John  Mordauiit,  Bart. 

3.  Henrietta-Maria,  who,  by  royal  sign  manual,  April  ISth, 
1801,  has  precedence  as  an  EarFs  daughter. 

Sir  Jambs-Sinclaik  Ersktne,  eldest  son,  who  succeeded  his 
maternal  uncle  as  second  and  present  Eahl  op  Rossltn,  was 
bred  to  arms,  and  in  1795,  became  Aid-de*Camp  to  the  King. 
He  served  at  Toulon  as  Adjutant-general,  was  promoted  to  the 
tank  of  Major-general  in  l7gQ,  and  of  Lieutenant-general  in 
1805.  In  1801,  he  was  appointed  Colonel  of  the  9th  regiment 
of  dragoons. 

.  During  the  trial  of  Mr.  Hastings,  his  Lordship,  then  a  noem- 
ber  of  the  House  of  Commons,  was  one  of  the  managers. 

In  the  expedition  to  Walcheren,  in  Julj  I8O9,  his  Lordship 
eommanded  a  division  of  the  army,  consisting  of  the  light 
troops. 

His  Lordship- is  a  Director  for  life,  in  the  Court  of  Chancery, 
in  Scotland.  / 

His  Lordship  married  Henrietta -Elizabeth  Bouverie,  daughter 
of  the  Hon.  Edward  Bouverie  (uncle  to  the  present  Earl  of  Rad- 
nor), by  whom  he  has  issue, 

1.  James-Alexander,  Lord  Loughborough,  born  in  April, 
1802. 

2.  Henry-Francis,  bom  in  January,  1804* 
8.  Lady  Janet,  bom  in  November,  1800. 

Titles.  Sir  James  Sinclair  Erskine,  Bart.  Earl  of  Rosslyn,  Lord 
Loughborough. 

Creadon,  Lord  Loughborough,  Baron  of  LoughlxHiongh,  in 
the  county  of  Surrey,  October  3lst,  1795;  and  Earl  of  Rosslyn, 
in  the  county  o(  Mid  Lothian,  April  21,  1801. 

Arms.  First,  Argent,  a  cross  engrailed,  Sable,  for  Sinclair. 
Second,  Argent,  a  pale.  Sable,  for  Erskine.  Third,  Asurt,  a 
bend.  Or,  between  six  cross  crosslets  fitcby.  Fourth,  Argent,  a 
chevron.  Gules,  charged  with  a  Fleur-de-luce,  between  three 
roses,  for  Weddcrburn, 


JSARL  OF  KOSSLYNt  44« 

Crest.    A  deixii-eagle»  risiDg. 

Supporters,  On  the  dcKter,  an  eagle^  with  wings  endorsed 
proper^  gorged  with  a  plain  collar,  Argent^  and  thereon  a  rose, 
gules»  barbed  and  seeded  proper.    On  the  sinisteri  a  griffin. 

Motto.      FlQHT. 

Chief  Seat,    At  Sindair-Hoiisej  Fifeshire. 


PEEKAGC  op  ENGLAND 


CRAVEN,  EARL  CRAVEN. 

Th  1 9  family  was  anciently  leated  at  Jppktrtt-unci,  m  tht  paritk 
of  Bumiail,  in  Craven,  in  the  couDty  of  York,  from  whence  (bey 
•pread  into  several  Aomishing  branchet;  ofwbicb, 

JoBN  Cratbn,  of  jippletree-urick^  atomaid,  who  lived  ia  the 
reigDi  of  Kingi  Kenry  Vll.  and  VIIT.  had  iuue 

William  Craven,  who,  by  Beatrix  hii  wife,  daughter  of  Jdio 
HunWr,  wai  father  of  , 

1.  Hbnst  Craven,  of  AppUtret  wicl,  who  had  a  khi,  Robert 
Craven,  of  Applet  rce- wick,  of  whom  hertajier,  as  ancestor  to  ike 
present  Earl, 

2.  Anthony,  alto  of  Appletree-wick,  whoce  ion,  Thomas,  mar- 
ried Margaret  Craven,  ukertafler  mentionedi  and  was  father  by 
her  of  Sir  William,  Sir  Robert,  and  Sir  Anthony,  whose  wo,  Wil- 
liam, died  without  iisue,  bnt  see  hereafter.     And, 

3.  Sir  William  Craven,  Knt.  Sheriff  of  London  in  J60I,  and 
LoiD  Matos,  anno  1611,  who  died  on  July  I8th,  i6l8,  and  was 
buried  on  August  11th  following,  in  St.  Andrew's  Undersbaft, 
Ijoodon.  He  married  Elizabeth,  fourth  dal^;bter  of  William 
Whitmore,  of  London,  Esq.  by  Ann,  daughter  of  William  Bond, 
Aldennan  of  London,  and  lef^  itiue  three  sons  and  two  daugh- 
ters,  viz. 

I.  William,  bu  son  and  heir. 

*  Thii  ftimlj  m  not  KC0rdE4  ■■  owoiri  of  prapert;  in  ^ffltlttr^tati,  p.}75, 
of  Dr.  imttltr'i  iniiiting  ind  iogtoioM  Hiittrj  rf  lit  Dtam-j  if  Cnrn,  m 
Ttrhiire,  1805,  ytt  they  IR  rctaidcd  ij  him  u  aprniii  frora  the  ftiA  of 
Bani«]l;  it  p.  374,  Dr.  W,  njt,  <•  from  poor  ptrcnrs."  And  ihn  Sir  Wll- 
HiiB  Cnvcn  •'  heini  cana'gnc4  to  t  cemawn  cankr  Toe  hii 'connjucc  (D  Lao- 
lion,  fi.tt  rnicRd  Into  tht  (snice  of  a  aKMer  Or  draper  tbert." 


liA&L  C&AVEN.  447 

3.  John,  who  was  held  fn  such  esteem  by  King  Charles  L  that, 
by  letters  patent^^  bearing  date  at  Oxfoi'd,  March  2Ut,  1642,  he. 
was  advanced  to  the  dignity  of  a  Baron  of  this  realm,  by  the  title 
of  Lord  Cravbn  op  Rtton^  in  com.  Suhp^  and  having  married 
Elizftbeth^daoghtel*  of  William,  Lord  Spencer>  died  without  issoev 
By  his  ivill,  dated  May  18th/ 1647,  he  gave  to  the  poor  of  the 
town  of  Winwiok,  two  hundred  pounds,  to  be  reserved  as  a  stocky 
and  the  inceiest  of  it  to  be  annually  divided  at  Christmas  by  the 
Minister  and  Church-wardens.  This  legacy  was  received  froa» 
the  Parliament  Commissioners  in  1 652,  and  with  ^iL  is.  lands 
were  purchased  in.  Cold  Ashby.  The  remaining  sum,  all  necessary 
expences  being  deducted,  was  naade  up  401.  and  put  out  to  in* 
terest. 

3.  Thomas,  his  younger  brother,  died  unmarried. 

The  daughters  of  Sir  William  Craven  were^^  Mary,  married  to 
Thomas,  Lord  Coventry;  and  Elizabjctb,  to  Percy  Herbert,  Lord 
Powis^  fieither  of  WMUiam,  Earl  of  Powis. 

William^  first  Baron  and  Earl  Cravrn,  the  eldest  son  of 
Sir  William  Craven,  Lord  Mayor,  was  much  affected  with  mili* 
tary  exercises  from  his  youth,  and  signalized  himself  in  Germany, 
and  in  the  Netherlands,  under  Henry,  Prince  of  X^range.  In 
which  .valiant  adventures  he  gained  such  honour,  that,  on  his  re- 
turn, he  was  fifst  knighted  at  Newmarket,  March  4tfa,  1626,  and 
was  deservedly  raised  to  the  degree  and  dignity  of  a  Baron  of  Ibis 
realm,  by  the  title  of  Lord  Cravrm,  of  Hamfstbd-Marshall, 
in  the  amniy  of  Berks,  by  letters  patent  bearing  date  12th  Martii 
following, '  with  remainder,  for  want  of  issue  male  of  his  own 
body,  to  John  Craven  and  Thomas  Craven,  his  brothers,  succes- 
sively, and  the  hdra  male  of  their  bodies. 

In  163],  he  was  one  of  the  commanders  of  those  forces  sent  to 
Che  assistance  of  that  great  hers,  Gustavus,  King  of  Sweden,  then 
in  arms  in  Germany  in  defence  of  the  Protestants.^  And  when 
that  monarch,  with  JPrederick,  Elector-Palatine,  and  titular  King 
of  Bohemia,  marched  out  of  Bavaria,  in  February,  l632,  and 
came  before  the  strong  castle  of  Crutzenack,  the  English  volun- 
teers, by  their  bravery  in  three  assaults,  obliged  the  garrison  to 
surrender;  and  the  capitulation  was  signed  by  William,  Lord 
Craven,  arul  Colonel  Boulin,  Quarter-master-general  of  the  King 
of  Sweden*s  army.  The  Lord  Craven  was  wounded  in  the  assault^^ 
'ynd,  on  his  coming  into  the  King  of  Sweden's  presence,  was  told 

« 

»  Pst,  iS  Car«  L  «  |tvswocth*s  CoUccUoos.  VoU  IT.  p.  tri.. 


44§  PEERAGE  OF  EUGLAim. 

bf  Inm,  '  He  adrentared  lo  despentdy^  be  bid  Uf  younger  bro- 
ther fair  play  for  his  estate.* 

He  was  afterwards  sent  to  the  assntance  of  the  said  Eleetor 
Folattne^  who  having  besiegrd  Limegea  in  the  year  l6S7,  a  battle 
cntoed;  wherein  the  Emperor'a  army  being  victorioos»  the  £)ec- 
tor^  with  difficulty,  escaped  by  flight  >  and  his  brother,  Hrinoa 
Bnperty  and  the  Lord  Craven,  were  taken  prisoners. 

As  soon  an  his  Lord!>hip  obtained  his  liberty^  he  went  into  the 
aenrice  of  the  States  -of  Holland  under  the  Prince  of  Orai^e» 
where  he  resiifed  till  the  restoration  of  King  Charics  II.  Bat 
rboagh  he  did  not  personally  serve  King  Charles  I.  agaiiiBt  hia 
rebellioaa  subjects,  yet  he  mantlcsted  his  loyalty  in  sending  him 
divers  considerable  supplies^  as  also  to  King  Charles  II.  in  hia 
greatest  necessities;  as  the  King  himself  acknowledged  after  his 
MBloretloDy  when  by  hia  letters  patent,  bearing  date  l6th  Martii» 
15  Car.  III.  lie  advanced  him  to  higher  degrees  of  honour,  viz. 
to  the  title  of  Viscount  Cbavin  of  L^fingion,  in  the  same  cmmif 
qf  Berks,  and  Eaml  Cxavkm,  of  Craven,  in  com,  EBor. 

And,  by  reason  that  both  his  brothers  were  then  dead  without 
issue,  the  title  of  Lord  Craven,  of  Hampsted'Marshall  was  then 
limited,  ft>r  w^nt  of  issue  male  of  his  own  body  lawfully  begotten, 
^  Sir  William.  Craven,  o/Lenehwike,  in  com,  Wigom,  KnU  and 
lo  the  heirsimale  of  his  body;  and,  for  default  of  such  issue,  to 
£tfi  Anthony  Craven,  Knt.  brother  to  the  same  Sir  William,  and 
to  the  issue  male  of  his  body. 

How  great  a  sufferer  his  Lordship  was  for  his  adherence  to 
King  Charles  II.  is  evident  from  a  printed  case  in  those  times, 
aetting  forth  the  great  injustice  done  him  by  the  parliament  of 
England,  in  confiscating  his  estate;  by  whichr  it  appears,  that,  in 
.tite  year  1660,  one  Falconer  deposed,  *  That  the  Lord  Craven  did 
promote  a  petition,  wherein  several  persons  did  desire  to  be  enter- 
tained to  serve  the  King  of  Scots  against  the  parliament  of  Eng- 
land, by  the  name  of  barbarous  and  inhuman  rebels.* 

And  Cot.  Hugh  Beyly  deposed,  February  10th,  1650^1. 

'  That,  during  the  late  trea^  at  Breda,  this  informant  did 
oftentimes  see  the  Lord  Craven  with  the  now  King  of  Scots,  in 
his  bed-chamber,  and  also  walked  abroad  with  him,  there  being 
no  man  more  conversant  with  the  King  than  he.  That  the  said 
Lord  Craven,  during  the  said  treaty,  did  twice  go  to  Botterdam 
and  Dunhagh,  and  back  again,  being  employed,  as  was  commonly 
reported  at  court  there,  by  the  said  King.    That  the  said  Lord 


'^^ 


EARL  OF  CRAVEN.  449 

Crarenhad  ft  charge  from'  the  King  to  look  to  one  Mrs.  Barlow, 
who  (as  is  reported,  and  he  believes  to  be  true),  had  a  child  bf. 
the  King  of  Scots,  born  at  Rotterdam )  which  he  did:  and,  after 
the  King  was  gone  for  Scotland,  the  said  Lord  Craven  took  the 
child  from  hers  for  which  she  went  to  law  with  him,  and  reco- 
vered  the  child  back  agaio,  as  is  reported. 

Hugh  Reyly.* 

Also  Captain  Kitchingman  deposed,  February  20th,  1 6^0-1. 

'  That  the  said  Captain  Thomas  Kitchingman,  in  April  and 
May  1650,  saw  the  Lord  Craven  several  times  with  the  King  of 
Scots  at  Bre^a,  and  waiting  upon  the  said  King  several  times  at 
his  table  at  Breda.  This  informant  also  saw  the  Earl  of  Oxford 
at  the  same  time  with  the  King  of  Scots  at  Breda,  waiting  upon 
the  said  King  at  his  table;  and  saw  the  Lord  Craven  and  the  Earl 
of  Oxford  many  times  go  into  the  withdiawing-rooms  after  the 
laid  King.  This  informant  also  saw  the  Lord  Craven  and  the 
Earl  of  Oxford  in  the  Bowling-alley  in  Breda  castle,  with  the  said 
King. 

Thomas  Kitchingman.* 

Whereupon,  March  the  l6tb,  1650-1,  it  was  '  Resolved  by  the 
parliament.  That  the  Lord  Craven  is  an  offender  against  the  com- 
monwealth of  England,  within  the  declaration  jof  the  24lb  of 
August,  1^9,  intitled,  A  Declaration  of  the  Commons  assembled 
in  parliament,  declaring  all  persons  who  have  served  the  parlia- 
ment of  England  in  Ireland,  and  have  betrayed  their  trust,  or  have 
or  shall  adhere  to,  or  aid  and  assist,  Charles  Stewart,  son  to  the 
late  King,  to  be  traitors  and  rebels. 

'  Resolved  by  the  parliament.  That  the  estate  of  the  Lord  Cra- 
ven be  confiscated  accordingly. 

'  Resolved,  That  the  commissioDers  for  compounding  be  im- 
powered  and  required  to  seize  and  sequester  all  the  estate,  real 
and  personal,  of  the  said  Lord  Craven,  and  to  receive  the  rents^ 
issues,  and  profits  thereof,  to  the  use  of  the  commonwealth.' 

Accordingly,  his  personal  estate  throughout  all  England  (which 
was  of  no  small  value),  was  seized  upon  as  confiscate  and  sold; 
and  much  of  it  bought  by  members  of  that  parliament,  who  con- 
demned him  unheard,  and  who  probably  had  then  in  their  eye 
the  purcbaae  of  his  estate  >  for  some  of  them,  even  after  that  vote 
of  confiscation,  violently  pressed.on  the  sale  of  his  estate,  procuring 

VOL.  r.  a  Q 


450  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

9ia  act  for  l^  which  passed  August  3d,  l652,  «iid  bought  ktg^ 
possessions  thereof  at  easy  peonyworths. 

The  Elector  Palatioe  wrote  the  foilowiog  letter  to  his  i^nt,  to 
desire  the  States->Geaeral  to  intercede  with  the  parliament  of  Eog* 
land  in  the  Lord  Craven's  behalf;  which,  as  it  shews  his  Lord* 
ship's  services,  I  shall  here  insert. 

'  Our  friendly' service,  ice.  Forasmuch  as  we  have  given  our 
faithful  resident,  Peter  de  Grootj"*  a  commission  to  propound 
unto  your  Lordships  on  our  behalf  in  a  matter  about  the  Ixurd 
Craven ;  therefore  it  is  our  friendly  request  to  your  Lordships,  to 
grant  him  a  courteous  audience,  and  to  give  full  credit  to  his  mes- 
sage, and  to  be  mindful  of  the  said  Lord  Craven  in  his  affairs;  ia 
regard  that  he  hath  been  many  years  in  our  service,  and  hath 
done  much  good  service  to  us  and  our  Electoral  family,  and  to 
bold  him  especially  recommended;  and  we  shall  acknowledgo 
such  favour  as  though  it  were  doae  to  ourselves,  and  upon  all  oc« 
casions  seek  to  requite  herewith,  &c.  The  31st  of  May,  1651/ 

And  the  said  resident  delivered  the  following  memorial: 

'  High  and  Mighty  Lords, 

<  In  pursuance  of  the  verbal  proposition  made  this  day  in  your 
honourable  assembly  by  his  Electoral  Highness,  my  lord  and  mas* 
ter,  conform  to  his  missive  letter  of  the  4^  of  this  mopth,  in  tho 
business  of  my  Lord  Craven,  I  have  put  in  writing,  and  there* 
unto  annesied  the  depositions  made  or  contrived  against  the  said 
Lord  Craven,  the  condemnalion  which  followed  thereon,  the 
confiscation  of  his  goods  which  rose  upon  it,  the  execution  thereof 
decreed  and  partly  done,  with  a  confutation  of  the  aaid  deposit 
tions,  and  a  demonstration  of  the  nullities,  as  well  as  of  4he  in* 
justice  committed  in  the  said  condemnation:  that  your  honours^ 
according  to  your  accustomed  goodness  in  relieving  and  assistiog 
the  oppressed,  besides  the  merit  of  the  person,  and  the  earnest 
request  of  his  Electoral  Highness;  especially  considering  the  just^ 
ness  of  the  matter  for  redress  of  your  credit,  and  the  opportunity 
which  is  givep  you  by  occasion  of  the  alliance  with  England  now 
in  hand;  will  be  pleased  to  take  such  a  course,  as  that  the  depo- 
nents may  be  punished  as  perjured  calumniators,  the  condemnatioQ 
wrongfully  4one  be  annulled,  and  my  I^ord  Craven  be  pot  ig^io 

i  Sofl  of  the  celebrated  Hufo  Grotink 


EARL  OF  CRAVEN.  451 

into  the  former  possession  and  enjoyment  of  his  rightful  goods. 
The  depositions  are  three  in  number;  whereof  the  first  is  ridicu- 
lous, the  other  two  utterly  false.  If  they  were  supposed  to  be  all 
true,  I  have  in  the  margent  confuted  them  to  be  frivolous,  and 
confirmed  the  confutation  with  true  certificates  or  attestations,  so 
as  the  condemnation  upon  them  cannot  but  be  unjust.  It  is  fur- 
ther void,  b'eqause  it  is  not  applicable  to  the  matter,  considering 
the  declaration  whence  it  is  formed  (it  is  only  concerning  those, 
who,  falling  to  the  King's  side  from  the  parliament's  service,  are 
declared  for  traitors  and  rebels),  considering  the  person,  who  be- 
sides he  never  served  the  parliament,  and  so  cannot  have  been 
either  reb-1  or  traitor:  besides,  that  he  never  gave  any  such  assist- 
ance or  aid  to  the  King ;  yea,  is  not  charged  therewith  in  his 
accusations,  how  fiilse  soever  they  be :  also  during  all  thai  tioie 
Vas  out  of  the  country,  whom,  according  to  the  laws  of  England 
itself,  a  new  law,'  mad^  in  his  absence,  cannot  prejudice,  except 
it  appear  that  he  had  notice  of  it.  And  considering  your  Honours, 
who,  without  a  weakening  of  your  power  and  honour,  cannot 
snfier  that  a  person,  who  is  not  only  an  inhabitant,  but  a  sworn 
servant  of  this  state,  should  be  condemned  in  a  country  who«are 
in  mutual  amity  and  correspondence  with  your  Lordships,  /or 
civilities  and  duty  towards  this  state;  and  by  orders  of  his  High- 
ness as  general,  done  and  performed  amongst  your  Honours,  his 
lords  and  roasters.  All  which  being  considered,  your  Honours 
are  intreated,  that  in  respect  of  the  matter,  which  is  so  just  and 
important,  amounting  to  about  150,000  gilders  per  abnnm;  in 
respect  of  the  person,  who,  besides  the  twenty  years  service  that 
he  hath  done  this  statq,  hath  so  bountifully  distributed  bis  means 
in  this  country ;  in  respect  of  your  Honours  own  authority,  who, 
according  to  the  declaration  there-anent,  made  about  the  persons 
of  the^glish  merchants  at  Rotterdam,  do  not  permit  that  any  of 
their  inhabitants  (I  forbear  to  say  sworn  ones),  he  bound  to  ano- 
ther state  without  their  knowledge  and  consent;  and  m  resix^ct 
of  the  special  recommendation  of  his  Electoral  Highness;  your 
Honours  would  please  to  be  so  mindful  of  the  said  Lord  Craven 
and  his  business,  that.he  may  be  put  again  into  the  full  possession 
of  his  goods,  so  as  he  hath  been  formerly  seised  of  them,  by  revo- 
cation, annullation,  or  otherwise  of  cancelling  or  avoiding  the 
aforesaid  condemnation,  and  the  effect  thereof:  that  your  Honours 
would  be  pleased  to  grant  your  special  letters  of  recommendation 
for  that  purpose  to  the  parliament,  to  request  the  ambassadors 
here  for  the  Tike  recommendation  and  endeaVours>  and,  if  need 


452  P£EBAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

require,  to  make  the  same  in  your  treaties  with  the  ambaitadors 
of  England,  as  hath  been  deemed  to  be  doae  in  other  matters  of 
the  like  nature;  assuring  jour  Honours,  that  the  said  Lord  Cra- 
ven shall  be  always  ready  to  employ  his  said  estate  to  the  benefit 
or  good  of  this  country  and  her  inhabitants;  and  tliat  his  Electo* 
ral  Highness,  besides  the  many  other  engagements  which  he  is 
obliged  to  this  state,  shall  also  account  this  as  particularly  done  to 
his  person  or  family,  and  shall  take  hold  of  all  opportunities  for 
to  shew  his  thankfulness  therefore  to  this  state  and  inhabitants.' 

But  all  the  interest  the  Lord  Craven  could  make,  both  by  the 
Elector  Palatine  and  the  States-General,  and  the  precedents  and 
witnesses  produced  by  his  counsel,  could  not  bring  the  parliament 
to  reverse  their  judgment;  whereby  his  Lordship  was  kept  out  of 
his  estate  till  the  restoration  of  King  Charles  11.  It  was  offered 
to  the  parliament  to  prove  Falconer's  perjury;  but  on  their  refusal 
to  be  judges  thereof,  he  was  afterwards  convicted  for  it  in  the 
court  of  Upper  Bench  (as  it  was  then  called),  when  it  was  proved 
by  three  witnesses,  who  read  and  signed  the  petition  he  swore  to, 
that  there  were  no  such  words  in  it  as  '  barbarous  aod  inhuman 
rebels,*  though  Falconer  himself  often  pressed  those  words  might 
be  put  in,  having,  without  doubt,  his  design  on  the  Lord  Craven; 
and  the  original  draught  of  that  petition  was  produced  in  court, 
all  of  Falconer's  hand- writing,  which  be  could  not  deny,  wherein 
there  was  not  the  least  mention  of  those  words.  Yet  on  his  single 
testin^ony,  the  Lord  .Craven  lost  his  estate;  for  what  the  other 
two  witnesses,  Reyly  and  Kitchingman,.  deposed,  carried  pot  trea- 
son, or  cause  of  confiscation,  along  with  it.  However,  these 
proceedings  and  sale  of  the  Lord  Craven's  estate,  never  passed 
with  the  clear  judgment  of  the  parliament,  but  met  with  great 
and  high  opposition,  dividing  four  times;  when  on  the  first.it  was 
carried  by  only  a  single  vote,  the  second  by  two,  the  third  by 
three,  and  the  fourth  time  by  ifour  votes.  And  when  the  act  for 
sale  of  his  estate  was  put  to  the  question,  on  the  division  of  the 
house,  there  were  twenty  in  the  negative,  and  only  twenty-three 
members  in  the  aiSrmativ^,  of  whom  nine  contracted  for  near 
50001.  per  annum  of  the  estate,  as  appeared  by  the  books  of 
Drury-house;  besides  what  was  bought  in  other  mens  names,  for 
the  use  of  members  of  that  parliament,  and  those  who  were  of  the 
fcrmer  parliament,  who  voted  the  confiscation  of  his  estate. 

King  Charles  therefore^  on  his  restoration,  taking  into  conside* 
r^iiop  his  great  losses  in  his  service,  created  him  an  Earl  ns 


EAKL  OP  CRAVEN.  45Z 

iefore-mentumed;  and  in  1670,  on  the  death  of  George,  Duke  of 
Albemarle,  constituted  him  Colonel  of  the  regiment  of  foot- 
guards,  called  the  Coldstream  regiment.  He  was  likewise  of  the 
Privy-council,  Lord  Lieutenant  of  the  county  of  Middlesex,  and 
of  the  borough  of  Southwark  5  and,  June  30th,  I660,  Custos 
Rotulorum  ^f  Berkshire.  He  was  also  High  Steward  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Cambridge,  one  of  the  Governors  of  the  Charter-house, 
and  one  of  the  Lords  proprietors  of  the  province  of  Carolina,  in 
North  America 

And  Sir  William  Craven  of  Lenchwike  dying,  leaving  only  a 
daughter,*  Elizabeth  (after  married  to  Tlieopbilus  Leigh,  of 
Longbrow,  in  the  county  of  Gloucester,  Esq.)  he  obtained  a  Jur^ 
ther  grant,  by  other  letters  patent,  bearing  date  December  11th, 
1 7  Car,  11.  that  the  said  title  of  Lord  Craven,  of  Hampsted-Mar* 
s^kaUj  should  remain  unto  Sir  William  Craven,  Knt.  (ton  of  Sir 
Thomas  Craven,  brother  to  Sir  Anthony  before-mentioned),  and 
to  the  heirs  male  of  his  body  for  ever. 

The  Earl  of  Craven  continued  in  the  estepra  of  King  Char.  IL 
during  the  whole  course  of  his  reign ;  and  Elizabeth,  Queen  of 
Bohemia,  the  King's  aunt,  committed  all  her  affairs  to  his  Lord- 
ship. When  King  James  U,  came  to  the  crown,  his  Lordship 
attended  at  his  coronation,  April  23d,  l685,  and  for  some  time 
was  in  his  favour,  and  was  sworn  of  his  Privy-council;  but. at 
length  having  intimation,  that  the  King  would  be  pleased  with 
the  resignation  of  his  commission,  he  said,  *  If 'they  took  away 
his  regiment,  they  had  as  good  take  away  his  life,  since  he  had 
nothing  else  to  divert  himself  with/  Upon  which  he  was  allowed 
to  keep  the  regiment. 

But  on  King  William's  accession  to  the  crown,  the  Earl*^  said 
fi^iment  was  bestowed  on  General  Thomas  Talmash  3  and  John 
Holies,  Earl  of  Clare,  afterwards  Duke  of  Newcastle,  was  con- 
ftltuted  Lord  Lieutenant  of  the  county  of  Middlesex.  However, 
his  Lordship,  to  the  time  of  his  death,  though  divested  of  every 
pffice  dependant  on  the  crown,  was  ever  ready  to  serve  the  public, 
and  was  particularly  famous  for  giving  directions  in  extinguishing 
fires  in  the  city  of  London  and  suburbs;  of  which  he  had  so  early 
intelligence,  and  was  so  ready  to  mount  on  horseback  to  assist 
with  his  presence,  that  it  became  a  common  saying,  *  His  horse 
amelt  a  fire  as  soon  as  it  happened.*^ 

:  He  bad  a  ion,  WilGam,  who  died  «r.  i^,  August  ijtb,  1685.    See  Nash*a 
WoTcescerthirc,  II.  197. 

f  <«  In  the  front  of  the  court,  in  CriTeii  Buildings,  London,  ii  a  very  good 


454  PEERAGE  Off  ENGLAND. 

Hit  Lordship,  in  bis  yoanger  days,  was  one  of  the  most  aooom- 
pibbed  gentlemen  in  Europe  >  an  useful  sabject,  charitable,  ab« 
stemioos  as  to  himself,  generous  to  others,  familiar  in  hb  conver- 
sation, and  universally  beloved.  He  died  unmarried,  on  April 
9th,  i6g7,  aged  eighty-eight  years  and  ten  months,  and  was  buried 
at  Binley,  near  Coventry,  April  20th  following. 

Whereupon  the  dignity  of  Lord  Craven,  of  Hampsted-Mardiall, 
according  to  the  entail,  devolved  (by  the  death  of  Sir  Anthonj 
Craven,  of  Spersholt,  in  Berks,  anno  1670,  without  issue),  on 
William,  son  and  hrir  of  Sir  William  Craven,  as  it  was  limited 
in  17  Car.  II.  which  Sir  William  Craven,  bom  on  August  26tb, 
l638,  was  the  eldest  son  and  heir  of  Sir  Thomas  Craven,  of  Ap- 
pletree-wick,  in  Craven,  brother  to  Sir  William  Craven,  of  Lench- 
wike,  and  Sir  Anthony  Craven,  sons  of  Robert  Craven,  of  Apple- 
tree-wick,  son  and  heir  of  Heniy  Craven,  of  the  same  place^ 
elder  brother  of  William  Craven,  grandfather  of  William,  Earl  of 
Craven. 

I  shall  therefore  proceed  to  give  a  more  particular  account  of 
the  descendants  of  the  said  Henry,  who,  by  his  wife,  daughter 
of  Sherwood,  had  issue  three  sons;  whereof  William  and 

Thomas  died  without  issue,  and  Robert  succeeded  to  the  estate  at 
Appletree-wick. 

Which  RoB£RT»  who  was  bom  In  the  year  1574^  married  Mary, 
daughter  of  Brockden,  and  died  in  the  year  1669,  having 

had  issue,  1.  Henry,  who  died  unmarried. 

3.  Sir  William  Craven,  of  Lenchwike,^  in  the  county  of  Wor- 
cester, knighted  at  Whitehall,  September  29th,  l63g,  who  marriea 

portrait  of  this  hero,  in  armour,  wich  a  truncheon  in  bis  han<l»  and  mounted  on 
his  white  horse;  on  each  side  s  an  Ban's  and  a  Baron*s  Coronet,  and  the  letters 
W.  C.J  it  is  painted  al  fresco,  and  in  ^ojd  preservation.'*  FtJe  FttmoMti  Lmd^ 
f'  157. 

<'  Lord  Craven  (sa>s  the  lively  topographer),  febullt  Craven  House  in  the  form 
we  now  see.  It  it  at  present  a  public  house.  In  searching  after  Craven-House, 
I  instantly  knew  it  Vy  the  s'jfn,  that  of  the  Queen  of  Bohemias  head,  his  adn  ired 
mistress,  whose  battlfs  he  fitst  fought,  animated  by  love  and  duty.  When  h« 
could  aspire  at  her  hand,  it  is  supposed  he  succeeded:  it  is  said  they  were  privately 
married;  and  that  he  built  for  her  the  fine  seat  at  Hampsted-Mar shall,  in  the 
county  of  Berks,  which  was  ciestroyed  by  fire.  I  have  before  given  an  account  of 
this  illustrious  nobleman,  in  the  Jwruty  frxm  Chetler  to  London.** 

Dr.  Whitaker  makes  the  following  lemark  on  the  Earfs  supprs^d  marriage. 

"  Thus  (says  he),  the  ion  of  a  Wharfdale  peasant,  matched  with  the  sister  of 

Charles  I.  a  remarkable  instance  of  that  Providence,  which  *  raiseth  the  poor 

out  of  the  duit,  and  sstteth  him  among  Princes,  even  tne  Princes  of  his  people,". 

'  Tsiiim  ftfiii, 

t  See  N«sVi  Wofcestershirc,  11.  197. 


EARL  OP  CRAVEN.  459 

Elhabetlv^^  draghtef  of  Ferdinand^  second  Lord  Fairfax,  of  Ca- 
menmi  in  Scotland^  and  dying  anno  1665,  act.  46,  wa»  buried  at 
Norton,  leaving  an  only  daughter,  Elizabeth,  who  was  married  to 
Tlieopbilns  Leigh,  Esq.  as  before-mentioned. 

3.  Sir  Thomas  Craven,  hereafter  mentioned, 

4,  and  5.  Robert  and  John,  who  died  unmanied. 

0.  Sir  Anthony  Craven,  of  Spersholt,  in  Berkshire,  on  whom 
the  Barony  was  established,  who  died  in  the  year  1670,  leaving 
DO  issue  by  his  wife,  Elizabeth,-  daughter  of  the  Baron  Pelnets,  of 
Mark,  in  Germany. 

Also  a  daughter,  Margaret,  married  to  Thomas  Craven,  son  of 
Anthony,  and  grandson  of  William  Craven,  and  a  descendant 
from  John  Craven,  of  Appletree-wick,  first  mentioned,  who  by 
her  was  father  of,  1.  Sir  William  Craven.*  2.  Sir  Robert  Cra-' 
vcn,^  And,  3.  Sir  Anthony  Craven,  who,  by  — — ,  his  wife, 
left  several  daughters,  and  a  son,  William,  who  died  without 
issne. 

I  now  leturn  to  Sir  Thomas  Craven,  third,  but  eldest  surviving 
son  of  Robert  Craven.  He  was  born  in  the  year  161 1,  and  hav- 
ing married  Anne,  daughter  of  Francis  Proctor,  of  Beckwith,  in 
the  parish  of  Horton,  in  com.  Ebor.  departed  this  life  on  Apdl 

^  Doug1a<*i  Peerage  of  Scotland. 
^  The  latt-mentiened  Sir  Williaoi  was  seated  at  Wiawick,  in  Northampton* 
shire,  and  lies  burited  under  a  black  marble  grave-stone  in  the  church  of  WinwicJc, 
with  this 'inscription  t 

Here  lies  the  body  of 
Sir  William  Craven,  of  Winwick,  Knt. 

Obiit  18  March,  anno  domini  1707. 
^tacis  sac  73. 

lie  married  Mary,  eldest  danghter  and  coheir  of  George  Gierke,  of  Watford^ 
in  Northamptonshire,  ^sq.  She  was  living  anoo  17209  and  erected  a  very  elegant 
monnmcat  in  Wiawick  church,  to  her  husband*s  memory. 

^  Sir  Robert  was  buried  in  St.  Peter's  church,  in  Bath,  with  this  inscription 
over  him: 

Sir  Robert  Craven,  Knt.  sometime  matter  of  the  horse  to 
the  Qaecn  of  Bohemia  (sister  to  King  Cbarks  the  first)  died 
4  October,  1672.    JEut,  40. 

Margaret,  h^s  widow,  died  23d  February,  1702,  aged  eighty,  and  was  buiied 
at  Birdingbary,  in  Warwickshire.  , 


*  Bridges*'  Northamp.  VoL  I.  p.  (06, 


456  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

I5tb,  1062,  io  the  seveaty-first  year  of  hit  ag^i  and  vat  buried 
at  fiarnsal,  in  Craven;  having  had  i«ae  Sir  WiUiam  Ccaveo,  of 
Combe-abbey,  in  Warwickshire,  bis  son  and  beiri  and  three  dangh* 
tcrs;  Mary,  roanied  to  Sir  Edmund  Andros,  of  the  isle  of  Gnem- 
sey;  Alice,  wedded  to  WiUiam  Topham,  of  Hebden,  in  Craven, 
io  com.  Ebor.  Esq.;  and  Margaret^  the  wife  of  Christopher 
Dawson>  of  Landiff-hall,  near  Settle,  in  Craven,  in  com.  Ebor. 
Esq. 

Sir  William  Craven,  of  Combe-atbejf,^  only  son  of  Sir  Thomas 
Craven,  was  bom  on  Aogost  26th,  1636;  and  the  dignity  of  Lord 
Craven,  of  Hampsted-Marsball,  was  entailed  on  him,afi  aforesaid. 
He  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Christopher  Clapham,  of 
Beamsly,  in  the  county  of  York,  Knt.  by  whom  he  bad  eight 
sons  and  five  daughters ;  viz. 

1 .  WiUiam,  who  succeeded  la  the  title  of  Lard  Qraotn, 

2.  Thomas,  who  was  born  on  June  I4ib,  167O,  and  died 
young. 

3.  John,  who  was  bom  on  November  23d,  16/3,  aoj  died  on 
January  1st,  1726-7,  having  had  by  his  wife,  Afaria'Rebeccm, 
daughter  of  Henry  Green,  of  Wykin,  in  the  city  and  county  of 
Coventry,  Warwickshire,  Esq.  six  sons  and  two  daughters ;  viz. 
I .  William,  Jifth  Lord  Craven,  2.  John  Craven,  Esq.  of  whom 
afterwards,  as  father  to  the  late  Peer,  3.  Henry  Craven,  Esq.  died 
unmarried.  4.  Thomas  Craven,  Esq.  who  was  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  Rear- Admiral  of  the  Blue,  24th  October,  1 77O,  and  died  at 
fieoham  Park,  in  Berksbire,  14th  December,  1772,  unmarried,  and 
was  buried  at  Hampsted-MarsbaU:  his  last  wiU  and  testament  bears 
date  9th  November,  1771,  and  was  proved  13th  January,  1773. 
He  died  Knight  of  the  shire  for  the  county  of  Berks.  5.  Dorothy 
Craven,  who  died  unmarried.  And,  6.  Maria-Rebecca,  wedded 
to  Thomas,  fourth  Lord  Leigh,  of  Stoneley,  and  died  in  1746. 

4.  Robert,  who  was  born  on  December  3d,  1674,  and  died  in 
November,  1710,  being  then  member  for  the  city  of  Coventry. 

5.  Cristopher,  who  was  born  on  May  7tb,  1675,  and  died  un- 
married. 

6.  Anthony,  who  was  born  on  December  l6tb,  1679,  *"died 
6th  September,  17OI,  buried  at  St.  Magdalen*s  church,  O&ford. 

7.  Henry,  born  on  November  12th,  168O,  and  died  without 
issue. 

'  See  K  full  description  of  thU  place  in  PtnmauU  J^trnty  fnm  Ckentef  #« 

■>  Mon.  Ang.  Vol.  V.  p.  191* 


2ARL  OP  CRAVEN.  457 

'  8.  Chttlei,  who  wu  born  od  May  6th,  i682,  and  was  const!- 
toted  GoTcmor  of  Carolina  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne»  and  at 
bis  death,  in  December  1754,  had  the  seat  of  LenckwUe,  in  Wor- 
cestershire. He  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  — ..  Staples* 
Esq.  and  by  her  (who,  on  October  28th,  1755,  married,  secondly, 
Jemmit  Raymond,  of'  ■  ■,  in  Berks,  Esq.)*  he  had  issue  three 
SOUS}  Charles,  John,  and  Robert;  of  whom,  only  the  Rev.  John 
Craven,  of  Chilton,  in  Wilts,  sonrivfd,  and  is  lately  deceased, 
leaving  a  son,  and  five  daughters.*^ 

John  Craven,  Esq.  second  son  of  John  Craven,  and  Maria* 
Rebecca  Green,  married  Mary  Hicks,  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Mr. 
— >—  Hicks,  and  by  her,  who  died  July  0tb,  1789,  was  father  of 
one  son,  William,  late  Lord  Craven,  and  two  daughteisj  Jane, 
bom  23d  April,  1743 :  she  married,  first,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Lidiard,* 
and  had  an  annuity  for  her  life  settled  on  her,  by  her  uncle.  Ad-* 
miral  Craven*s  will;  she  remarried  in  June  1788,  John  MinshuU, 
Esq.  And  Anna-Rebecca,  bom  17th  August,  1745;  she  married 
Ludford  Taylor,  Esq.  and  was  a  widow  when  Adiniral  Craven 
made  bis  will,  wherein  he  settled  an  annuity  on  her  for  life.  Sbo 
was  re-married,  21st  January,  1773>  to  Robert  Augustus- John- 
stone, Esq.  who  died  January  9th,  1799- 

The  daughters  of  Sir  William  Craven  were,  I.  Margaret,  bora 
December  l6tb,  l664.  2.  Mary,  born  August  13th,  1665.  3. 
Martha,  born  November  1st,  1667.  4.  Elizabeth,  bom  Septem- 
ber 1st,  1670.    5.  Anne,P  born  February ,  1684. 

The  said  Sir  William  Craven  died  suddenly  in  his  parlour  at 
.  Combe^Abhey,  on  October  28th,  1695,  and  was  buried  in  the  new 
vault  in  Binley  church,  near  Coventry,  on  November  2d,  icXkxm* 
ing.    To  him  succeeded  William,  his  eldest  son  and  heir  before- 
mentioned.    Which 

William  was  bora  on  October  4th,  I668,  and,  according  -to 
patent  of  December  11th,  17  Car.  II.  succeeded  as  sbcomd  Lord 
Cravemt,  of  Haiipsbd-Marsuall,  on  the  death  of  the  Earlbf 
Craven,  in  1^97.    His  Lordship,  in  1702,  was  constituted  Lord 

>  One  of  these  daughters  married  the  Rev*  Mr.  Fowk,  by  whom  she  wss  lao- 
tber  of  the  Rev.  Fulwar  Fowle,  Sec* 

•  Whose  ion.  Captain  Lidiard  of  the  Kavy,  who  distinguished  himtclf  at  ths 
CakiDS  of  Cttracoa,  wai  lost  In  Mottot^t  day,  in  Cornwall,  by  shipwreck,  iA  iSoS, 
with  bis  ship  the  Anson,  a  44-sun  frigate,  and  most  of  his  crew« 

P  She  married  Wihiam  Hodgspn,  of  the  Six  Clerks  OiBce,  co.  Middlesex,  one 
of  the  LandgMTCt,  fcc.  of  the  province  of  Carttlina:  he  was  Utiug  1719,  taS 
had  issue. 


P£ERA6S  OF  EM6CAND. 

LieuteoaDt-atid  CottaRotelorom  of  BerMnie}  also  was  d«cted 
Lord  BaUtiiie  of  the  ptoviaoe  of  Garolina,  ia  the  ph  ytiir  of 
Queen  Aooe.  And  ha^ng  married  Elisabeth,  daoghler  of  Hum* 
beratoaSkipwitb,  Esq.  son  and  heir  appartet  of  Sir  Falwar  Skip* 
with,  of  Newbold^haU*  in  the  conntf  of  Warwick,  Bart*  had  issae 
throe  sooai  1 .  William,  Lord  Craren.  2.  Fulwar,  Lord  Craven. 
3i  Robert^  of  whom  hit  mother  died  in  childbed,^  May  l6th, 
1704,  and  he  departed  tbit  life  unmarried. 

His  Lordship  died  at  Combe-Abbey,  in  Warwickshire,  on  Oc* 
tober  9th,  1711,  and  was  socceeded  by  his  eldest  son, 

WiLUAsf,  TBian  LoHO  CxATEir»  who  was  under  age  at  the 
death  of  bis  father;  and  after  his  retam  from  his  tnivel«,  in  the 
year  1721,  married  Anne,  only  daoghler  to  Frederick  Tilney,  c^ 
Botherwick,  in  com.  Southampton,  Esq.  by  whom  he  had  issue 
one  daughter,  ^nne»  who  died  on  November  21st,  1725.  And 
the  Lady  Craven,  her  mother,  departing  this  life  in  the  twenty- 
sixth  year  of  her  age,  on  February  Sth,  1729-30,  his  Lordship 
continued  a  widower  till  his  death,  August  10th,  1739.  He  was 
succeeded  in  honour  and  estate  by  his  only  brother, 

Fulwar,  fourth  Loan  Cxavbh,  who  departed  this  life  on 
Saturday,  November  I0th»  I7^i  without  issue,  at  Benham,  near 
BeadtDg,  in  Berkshire,  and  was  buried  at  Hampsted-Marshal. 

The  title  and  dignity  of  Lord  Craven  then  devolved  on  Wil- 
liam, eldest  son  of  John  Craven,  Esq.  brother  to  William,  second 
Lord  Craven,  and'third  son  of  Sir  William  Craven,  by  his  wife, 
Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Christopher  Clapham,  as  before  redted. 

Which  William  thus  became  fifth  Lord  Cravbn.  JTib 
Ixndship  was  returned,  at  the  general  election  in  1747,  one  of  the 
Knighti  of  the  shire  for  the  county  of  Warwick,  to  the  tenth 
parliament  of  Great  Britain;  and  continued  to  represent  that 
county  in  every  ensuing  parliament,  until  he  succeeded  to  the 
Peerage. 

His  Lordship  wedded  Jane,  daughter  of  Rowland  Berkeley,  of 

Cotheridge,  in  Worcestershire,  Esq   and  sister  to  Catharine,  the 

second  Lady  of  Thomas,  fourth  Lord  Leigh,  of  Stonclcy.     His 

lordship  dying  without  issue  March  18th^  1769,  was  succeeded 

dn  title  and  estate  by  his  nephew, 

William,  sixth  Lord  Cbavbn  (only  son  of  his  brother,  Johi^ 
Craven^  Esq.  hy  Mary  Hickes.J  His  Lordship,  on  May  10th, 
17^7,  was  married  to  Lady  Elizabeth  Berkeley,  by  whom  he  had 
issue, 

1  Mon.  Ang.  Vol.  -V.  p,  8^, 


EARL  OF  CRAVEN.      *  4^9 

1 .  Elizabeth,  bom  April  !MXh,  17685  married,  April  17tb,  I7g2» 
to  John  Edward  Maddocks,  Esq.  of  Vale  MascaU,  in  Kent,  de- 
ceased, has  issue.     She  died  Januaiy  3d,  1799, 

2.  Maria. 

3.  Margaretta,  bom  April  26th,  1769J  married,  Januaiy  Isf, 
1792,  William,  Earl  of  Sefton,  and  has  issue. 

4.  WOItam,  the  present  Earl. 

5.  Georgiana,  married,  April  6th,  1793,  the  Hon.  Frederick  St. 
John,  Major-general  in  the  army,  brother  to  Viscount  Boling- 
broke. 

6.  Henry- Augustus  Berkeley,  bora  December  2l8t,  1776,  a 
Major  in  the  army,  1803,  on  half-pay. 

7.  Keppcl,  born  June  Ist,  1779. 

His  Lordship,  on  July  7th,  1773,  had  the  honorary  degree  of 
Doctor  in  Civil  Law,  by  the  University  of  Oxford,  on  the  install 
tnc^nt  of  Frederick,  Lord  North,  as  Chancellor  of  that  Univer- 
sity. 

Djing^  September  26th,  1791>  his  widow  re-married  the  late 
Margrave  of  Anspach  and  Bareuth,  who  died  January  5th,  1806. 

His  Lordship  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son,  William,  sb- 
VBNTH  Lord  Craven,  who  was  elevated  to  a  Viscounty  and 
Earldom,  on  June  13th,  1801,  by  the  titles  of  Viscount  Uffino* 
TON,  in  the  county  of  Berks,  and  Earl  op  Craven,  in  the  county 
of  York. 

His  Lordship  was  born  September  1st,  1770. 

His  Lordship  manied,  December  12th,  1807f  Miss  Louisa 
Branton,  of  Covent-Garden  Theatre. 

His  Lordship  originally  had  a  command  in  the  Berkshire 
Militia,  but  resigning  his  situation^  he  entered  soon  afterwards 
the  regular  army;  and  on  September  2d,  179^>  was  appointed 
Lieutenant-colonel  of  the  third  regiment  of  foot.  On  January  lst» 
1 79^9  he  obtained  the  rank  of  Colonel  $  at  the  same  time  he  was 
appointed  one  of  the  Aid-deXamps  to  the  King.  On  January 
1st,  1805,  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Major-general ;  but  is 
at  present  on  half-pay. 

Titles,  William  Craven,  Earl  of  Craven,  in  Yorkshire;  Vis< 
«iunt  Ufiington,  m  Berkshire;  and  Baron  Craven,  in  Yorkshire. 

Creations,  Baron  Craven,  of  Hampsted- Marshall,  iu  com. 
Berks,  by  letters  patent,  December  11th  (l665),  17  Gar.  H.  and 
Viscount  Ufiington,  of  UAlngton,  co.  Beiksj  and  £«rl  of  Craven, 
iu  Yorkshire,  June  13th,  1801. 


4eo 


PEEBA6E  OF  ENGLAND 


Arms^    Argent,  a  fern  between  six  cross-crotletf^  fitchy^  Gules, 
CresL    On  a  chapeau.  Gules,  tarned  up  ennine,  a  griphoo 
ttatant  of  the  second,  beaked.  Or. 
SupporUrs,    Two  griphons.  Ermine. 

Motto,      ViBTUS    IN   ACTIO  Ha  COMHSTIT. 

Chitf  Seats.  At  Combe- Abbey,  in  the  county  of  Warwick  j  at 
Hampsted-Marshall;  at  Ashdown^park,  near  Lamburuj  and  at 
Beofaam-place,  all  in  Berkshirs. 


EABL  OF  ONSLOW.  . 


ONSLOW,  EARL  OF  ONSLOW. 

Thu  family  of  Onslow  was  ancieotly  aeated  in  Shropshire,  where 
the;r  ^^^  l^rgc  pcsseuioni;  and,  in  the  reign  of  King  Henrj  lit. 
took  their  surname  from  iheir  Lordship  of  Ondeslow  (now  wrote 
Ofuiour,  but  in  Doomsday-book  is  styled  AndeBlow},aDd  is  within 
the  liberty  of  the  town  of  Shrewsbury.  Suroames,  as  Camden, 
and  all  our  antiquaries  agree,  were,  iq  the  said  reign  of  Hen.  III. 
first  generally  assumed,  and  were  not  fully  settled  till  the  end  of 
the  reign  of  King  Edward  L 

In  the  several  visitations  by  the  heralds  of  Shropsbirft  and  Sur< 
rcy,  'RoGKK  de  Ondeslow  is  the  first  written  of  that  place,  and 
had  issue  two  sons,  Thomas  and  William  >  whereof 

Thomas,  ibe  eldest,  is  mentioued  in  deeds  in  1281  and  1303, 
thegtb  and  31st  of  King  Edward  I.  and  dying  without  issue,  wai 
•ucceeded  in  the  Lordship  of  Onslow,  and  his  other  estate,  by 

WiLLiAH  de  Onslow,  bis  brother  and  heir,  who  ''left  Ihus 
twosonaj  1.  fiichard.     And,  2.  Thomas. 

RiCHAiD  is  nieuiioned  in  deeds  in  8  Edward  IL  and  bad  issue, 
Thomas,  who  died  uDmarriedj  to  that  the  Lordship  of  Onslow, 
ice.  devolved  on  his  uncle, 

Thomas,  who  was  written  of  Onslow,  in  10  Edward  II.  and 
had  issue  by  SibiU  his  wife,  two  sons,"  William  and  Tbomas. 

William,  the  eldest  son,  is  mentioned  in  deeds  dated  11  Ed- 
ward IIL  but  died  without  issue;  and 

Thomas  de  Onslow,  bis  brother,  was  pocsuied  of  the  Lordship 
of  Onslow,  in  1341,  and  bad  issue  five  soiu. 

*  Visit,  dc  Cant.  Silop  inil  SDrrejr,  p.  is,  in  Offic.  Am.  *  Ibid, 

c  Visit.  ID  com.  SwKj,  pad. 


^4»  PBERACffi  OF  ENGLAND. 

].  John.    2.  Richard.    3.  Robert,    4.  William. 

5.  Thomas^  who  was  living  19  Richard  IL  and  had  issqe,  Ro- 
gcr,  from  whom  the  Oiiaiows,  of  Rodingion,  in  Shropshire^  de- 
scended, and  whose  male  liqe  became  extinct  in  the  reign  of  King 
Henry  VII. 

JoHN>  the  eldeit  son  of  Thomas  de  Onslo^^  was  living  in  8 
Henry  VI.  and  by  Margaret  his  wife,  daughter  and  heir  of  Madoc 
Kinaston,  of  Shropshire,  had  a  daughter,  Elizabeth,  and  two  sons; 

1.  Thomas,  who  died  without  issue. 

2.  Robert  married  Catherine,  daughter  of  Richard  Corbet,  of 
Morton -Corbet,  in  com.  Salop,  and  by  her  left  it^sae  Edward 
Onslow,  his  -son  and  heir^  and  a  daughter,  Bridget,  married  to 
William  Cotton,  of  Cotton,  in  the  said  county  of  Salop,  Esq. 
Which 

'  Edward  Onslow,  of  Onslow,  married  Anne,  daughter  of  Ri* 
chard 'Houghton,  of  Houghton,  in  com.  Pal.  Lane.  Esq.  by  whom 
be  bad  issue  four  sons;  viz. 

1.  Humphry. 
•   2.  Roger,  ancestor  to  the  present  Earl  of  Onslow, 

3.  Thomas.    And,  4.  William. 

HuMPBRT,  the  eldest  son,  had  three  wives;  first,  Margaret, 
daughter  of  Richard  Wrotesley,  of  Wrotcsley,-  in  Stalfibrdshire, 
Esq.  ancestor  to  the  present  Sir  John  Wrotcsley,  of  the  same 

place,  Bart.j  secondly,  to ,  daughter  of  Thomas  Cresset; 

his  third  wife  was  Elizabeth,  daughter  to  Ellis  KyfBn,  of  Shrop* 
shire;  but  he  had  issue  only  by  his  first  wife;  viz.  Edward  Ons*. 
k)w,  oi  Onslow,  Esq.  who,  by  Jane,  daughter  of  Roger  Fouler, 
of  Bromhill,  in  Norfolk,  had  five  sons,  and  three  daughters; 
Ijvhereof  Roger,  his  eldest  son,  succeeded  at  Onslow,  was  living 
in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  had  issue  six  sons  and  five 
daughters.  But  to  trace  this  line  farther  is  beside  my  present 
purpose;  and  therefore  I  shall  only  mention,  that 

Thomas,  third  son  of  Edward  Onslow,  Esq.  and  Anne  Hough- 
ton, before-mentioned,  had  posterity;  also  that  William,  the 
fourth  son,  was  progenitor  to  the  Onslows  ofCHff)  in  com.  Salop. 
As  the  last  will  and  testament  of  tlie  said  Thomas  Onslow  shews 
how  he  was  related,  I  shall  give  a  short  abstract  thereof.^'  His 
will  18  dated  on  August  lOtb,  1556,  and  the  probate.  May  I5th, 
1560.  He  bequeaths  to  all  the  children  of  Thomas  Onslow,  hii 
SOD  and  heir,  200  marks,  to  be  equally  divided  among  them;  and 

*  Ex  Re^iit.  MeUertfae,  Q*.^.  30,  in  Cur.  Pnerog.  Ctntuir. 


EML  OF  OMSLOW.  409 

If  be  liave  no  children  at  die  time  of  hisdeoeafie,  then  to  the  mU 
Thomas;  to  all  the  children  of  Isabel  Onalow,  his  daoghter,  3M 
marks^  with  remainder  to  the  said  Isabel^  to  William  Onslow; 
his  brother*  301.;  to  Arthur,  son  of  the  said  William,  61.  13  s.  4d.( 
to  Edward  Onslow,  son  to  Humphry  Onslow,  his  brother 
61.  13  s.  4d.;  to  Falk,  son  of  Roger  Onslow,  his  brother,  tol. 
He  appoints  Thomas  Onslow,  his  son,  execotor;  and  Humpbiy 
OdsIow,  his  brother,  and  Richard  Onslow,  son  to  Roger  On^w, 
his  t>rother,' supervisors.  He  bequeaths  to  the  said  Richaid  Ons* 
low,  for  his  pains  taken  in  bis  affairs  at  divers  times,  100  marks; 
and  in  case  his  son,  Thomas  Onslow,  and  his  daughter,  Isabel, 
should  die  before  hiro.  he  then  appoints  the  aforesaid  Edward 
Onslow,  and  Richard  Onslow,  his  executors.    I  now  retnni  to 

RoGBK,  seamd  son  of  Edward  Onslow,  of  Onslow,  and  ^mi« 
Houghton,  his  wife,  before-mentioned;  which  Roger  resided  at 
Shrewsbury,  and  by  Margaret  his  wife,  daughter  of  Thomas  Poy* 
ner,  of  the  county  of  Salop»  had  issue  Fulk,  hereafter  mentioned^ 
and  Richard. 

Fulk  Onslow,  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  was  Clerk  of 
the  parliament,  and  died  on  the  6th  of  the  ides  of  August  (viz. 
August  6th),  1602,  aged  ei^ty-dght;  and  was  buried  at  Hat- 
field, in  Hertfordshire,  where  a  monument  was  erected  to  his  me« 
mory.  He  married  «  Mary,  daughter  of  — •  WhetenhaJl,  of  the 
county  of  Kent,  relict  of Scott. 

His  brother,  Richardl  Onslow,  Esq.  was  brought  up  to  the 
study  of  the  law  in  the  Inner  Temple,  where  he  arrived  to  such 
proficiency,'  that  be  was  chosen  Autumn  reader  in  1562;  and  the 
same  year,  at  a  grand  Christmas  kept  with  the  highest  naagnifi- 
oence  there,  when  the  Lord  Robert  Dudley  (afterwards  Earl  of 
Leicester,  the  great  favourite  of  Queen  Elizabeth),  had  the  title  of 
Palaphilos,  and  was  Constable  and  Marsal;'  the  next  chief  officer 
was  Mr.  Onslow,  who  had  the  title  of  Lord  Chancellor. 

He  was  attorney  of  the  duchy  of  Lancaster,  also  '*  of  the  court 
^f  Wards;  and,  in  the  8th  year  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  being  Re» 
corder  of  the  city  of  London,*  was  appointed,  with  others  of  note, 
coDomissioners  to  hear  and  determine  all  manner  of  treasons,  and 
ether  crimes  ^  committed  within  the  verge  of  the  court.  In  the 
same  year,  on  June  27\h,  he  was  made  Solicitor-general,  and 

.   «  Visit,  de  con.  Sm.  not.  129,  in  Offic.  Armor. 
f  Dug^alc's  Ongincty  p.  i6j.  -  S  lb>d.  p.  150. 

h  Ibia,  p.  i6|.      .  t  Rymer's  Foedeit,  Vol.  XV.  p.  66e. 

k  Pat.  $  £1U.  pi^  8. 


404  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

chosen  Speaker*  op  the  House  op  Commons.  In  the  reign  of 
Queen  Mary  be  was  elected  in  two  parliaments  for  Stejning,  in 
Sussex^*  and  afterwards  served  for  the  same  in  the  next  reigUi 
till  his  decease.  He  had  a  grant  of  the  convent  of  Black  Friars  in 
the  city  of  London  (wherein  he  resided,  and  was  lately  a  consi- 
derable estate  to  one  of  his  descendants),  as  appears  hom  his  last 
wC*ll  and  testament,  which  shews  he  was  a  person  of  sincere  ^ety, 
somid  judgment  and  prudence,  and  of  great  integrity.  Before  be 
began  his  will,  he  made  these  awfiil  expressions:  '  The  wyll  of 
God  the  Father,  the  Sone,  and  the  Holy  Ghoste,  three  persons 
and  one  God,  be  done  upon  roe,  nowe  and  ever.    Ameo.* 

He  orders  his  body  to  be  |;>uried  in  such  place,  and  sncb  sort, 
as  shall  seem  most  convenient  to  his  executors  and  overseers  of 
his  last  will  and  testament,  hereafter  named;  wherein  he  desires 
that  funeral  pomp  be  avoided,  and  comely  order,  according  to  his 
calling,  observed.  And,  first,  he  wills  that  all  debts  and  duties, 
which  he  owed  either  in  law  or  conscience,  be  first  truly  satisfied 
and  paid.  And  certain  manors  and  lands  had  been  conveyed  lo 
him  from  his  sister-in-law,  Helen  Brown,  by  the  name  of  Helen 
Knevet,  widow,  upon  special  trust  and  confidence  in  him  reposed, 
he  declares  that  he  had  no  interest  therein,  and  requires  his  exe- 
cutors to  grant  to  the  said  Helen  the  term  of  years  he  had  in  the 
premises.  He  settles  his  manor  of  Awlkmeare,  with  other  Jands 
in  the  county  of  Salop,  on  Edward,  his  second  son;  as  also  his 
lands  in  the  parish  of  Holy- Cross,  near  the  town  of  Shrewsbury; 
and  redtes,  that  by  indenture  dated  January  llth,  in  g  Eliz.  he 
had  freely  granted  to  Foulke  Onslow,  his  brother,  and  Mary  his 
wife,  the  advowson  and  right  of  patronage  of  the  parsonage  and 
church  of  Bishops*HatfieId,  with  the  chapel  of  Tatriche,  in  the 
county  of  Hert/ord,  for  terms  of  the  lives  of  the  said  Foolke  and 
Mary,  and  of  the  longer  liver  of  them ;  remainder  to  the  said  £d* 
ward  Onslow,  his  son. 

It  farther  appears  by  his  will,  that  he  died  possessed. of  divtn 
lands  in  Buckinghamshire,  and  lands  and  tenements  in  the  town 
of  Windsor,  in  Berkshire;  the  manor  of  Bramleigh,  with  the  ap- 
purtenances, and  view  of  frank-pledge,  in  the  county  of  Surrey; 
as  also  the  manor  of  Knoll,  with  the  appurtenances,  and  divers 
other  lands  and  rents  in  Shalford,  Wotnershe,  Guild/bid,  Crane- 
ley,  and  Hascombe,  in  the  said  county  of  Surrey;  and  in  ChelJes- 
field,  and  Codeharo,  in  the  county  of  Kent  [which  ^lanors,  and 

1  WilUt*#Not.  Pirliam.  p.  174.  «  Ibid.  p.  51,  59,  67,  76. 


EARL  OF  ONSLOW.  46S 

foott  of  the  said  lands  in  Surrey,  are  now  in  the  possessioo  of  the 
present  Earl  Onslow],  all  which  he  settled  on  Robert,  his  eldest 
son  and  heir;  remainder  to  his  second  son^  Edward  Onslow.  He 
likewise  settles  on  them,  as  aforesaid,  all  his  messuages,  lands, 
tenements,  &c.  whatsoever,  in  the  late  Black  Friars,  in  the  city 
of  London,  and  the  counties  of  Middlesex,  Surrey,  Sussex^  Glou* 
cestershire^  Wiltshire^  Salop,  or  elsewhere  within  the  realm  of 
England. 

And  he  appoints  his  loving  wife,  and  Robert  Onslow,  his  son, 
executors;  and  desires  Peter  Osborn,  John  Mersbe,  and  William 
Leighton,  Esqrs.  to  be  overseers.  The  probate  bears  date  April 
25th,  157 1'  • 

He  married  Catharine,  daughter  and  heir  to  Richard  Harding, 
of  Knoll,  in  the  county  of  Surrey,  Esq.  with  whom  be  had  that 
estate,  which  became  the  seat  of  his  posterity.'^  He  departed  this 
life  of  a  pestilential  fever,  after  five  days  illness,  A.  D.  157 1,  and 
lieth  buried  in  St.  Chad's  church  in  Shrewsbury,  between  two 
pillars^  on  the  South  side  of  the  chancel,  towards  Our  Lady*s  isle, 
in  a  fair  raised  tomb,  with  the  figures  of  him  and  his  wife  Ijing 
thereon ;  and  on  the  sides  and  at  the  feet  of  the  tomb  are  the  figures 
of  two  sons,  and  five  daughters,  and  the  inscription  below.^ 

n  She  was,  after  the  death  of  her  first  hasband,  married  to  Richard  Brown* 
brother  to  Sir  Thomas  Brown,  Knt.     Visitation  of  Surrey,  anno  16Z3. 

•  Richardo  Onsloweo,  Sal^iensi  armig«ro,  geoerosa  orto  familia,  libeie 
educato,  et  ah  iocunabulis  humanarom  literarum  stadiosissimo,  et  juris 
domestici  legumque  nostrarum  periiissinno,  acadei&lK  Templariae  facile 
principi  eratori,  scribae  cancel,  due.  Lancastr.  pro  civitate  Londoniensi 
orator!  poblicoy  et  judici  (queoi  recordatorem  ipsi  dicunt),  xquissimo, 
dein  rcgio  in  reg ni  foro  supremo  oratori,  sereoissima:  Ma.  regie  admo- 
nitori,  in  curia  parliamenti  de  rebus  arduis  primnm  loqjioto,  majotis 
amplitftdinis  pertaeso.  Ma.  regis  tutelarum  procuratori,  tandem  febrt 
correpto  pescilenti,  in  patria  Hemegia  in  villa  quintum  post  diem  mor- 
tao  I  summo  cum  dolore,  impensls  maximis  Katharina  Hardinga  sua- 
vidslmo  conjugi  po6uit  MDLXLXIIII.  kal.  Aprilis  secundo.  Natus  esc  a 
redempto  genere  humano  MDXXVIII.  anno,  mortuus*anno  MDLXXI. 
Vixit  anno  XLIII.  Fuit  statura  piocerS,  fronte  gratissima,  voce  gi'avi, 
lingua  facunda,  veritatis  studioslssimus,  virtucum  omnium  cfaesaurus, 
sincerus,  libenlis,  incorruptns. 

Repaired  1742  by  t^e  Right  Honovrable  Arthur  Onslow,  Esq.  speaker 
of  the  house  of  commons,  lineally  descended  from  this  Mr.  OnsIow» 
•  who  wu  S!peaker  of  the  house  of  commons  in  the  8ch  of  Q.  Elisabeth, 
and  was  lineal  ancestor  siss  to  the  Right  Honourable  Sir  Richard 
Onslow,  Bart,  speaker  of  the  house  of  commons  in  the  Sth  of  Q^Anns^ 

afterwards  Lord  Onslow.  \ 

▼OL.  r,  a  H 


4M  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Of  the  five  daaghten^  Margaret  was  married  to  Richard  ThrdI, 
of  Drengwike,  in  the  county  of  Sussex^  Esq.;  Cecily,  to  Sir 
Hamphry  Winch,'  of  Everton,  in  the  county  of  Bedford,  one  of 
the  Justices  of  the  Common-pleas;  and  Elizabeth,  to  Richard 
Hill,  of  Blackwall,  in  the  comity  of  Middlesex,  Esq.;  Ann  and 
Mary  died  unniarried.    His  sons  were, 

RoBBRT,  who  succeeded  his  father;  but,  dying  unmarried, 

Edward,  his  brother,  became  heir,  was  knighted  by  Queen 
Elizabeth,  and  resided  at  Knoll,  in  com.  Surrey.  This  Sir  Ed- 
ward Onslow  married  Isabel,  daughter  to  Sir  Thomas  Shirley,  of 
Preston-place,  in  the  county  of  Sussex,  Knt.  and  by  her  had  issue  * 
two  sons,  Thomas  and  Richard;  and  three  da  ugh  tei%;  £lizabetb,*i 
married  to  Christopher  Gardner,  of  Halingwood  and  Darking,  in 
Surrey,  Esq.;  Jane,  wedded  to  Edward  Carre,  of  Hillingdon,  in 
com.  Middlesex,  Esq.  and,  secondly,  to  Sir  Gerard  de  Aungier, 
of  East  Clandon,  in  Surrey,  afterwards  Lord  Aungier,  Baron  of 
Longford,  in  the  kingdom  of  Ireland;  and  Mary,  wife  to  John 
Duncombe,  of  Albury,  in  Surrey,  Esq. 

Thomas,  the  eldest  son,  was  under  age  at  the  death  of  his  fa- 
ther,  in  1571;  and  having  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Samuel 
Lennard,  of  West  Wickham,  in  Rent,  Knt.  died  without  issue, 
in  1616,  when  Richard,  his  brother,  on  the  inquisition  taken  after 
his  death,  was  found  to  be  bis  heir,  and  of  the  age  of  fifteen  years 
and  a  half.     Which 

Sir  Richard  was  knighted  at  Theobalds,  on  June  2d,  1624} 
and  in  the  reign  of  King  Charles  L  served  in  three  several  parlia- 
ments for  the  county  of  Surrey.  He  espoused  the  party  that  op- 
posed the  measures  of  the  court  and  ministry;  and,  many  unfore- 
seen circumstances  having  brought  on  a  rebellion,  he,  by  order  of 
parliament,  raised  a  regiment  for  their  service,*^  which,  in  May, 
1(544,  was  employed  in  the  siege  of  Basing  house,  which  belonged 
'to  the  Marquis  of  Winchester^  the  Duke  of  Bolton*s  predecessor. 
In  1646,  being  aspersed  in  print  by  George  Wither,  the  Poet,  the 
parliament  took  it  into  consideration,  and  on  August  7th  that 
year  came  to  the  following  resolution  :* 

'  That  a  chaige  laid  upon  Sir  Richard  Onslow,  a  member  of 

f  He  died  the  sjth  Februarji  1624*  ^^-  709  ud  wat  buried  in  Pembroke-ball 
Cloisters^  Cambridge,  leaving  issue  by  h;s  wife,  who  turvived  him.  Karl.  MSS. 
No.  61ZI, 

9  Buried  in  the  chancel  of  Dorking  church,  where  it  a  flat  stone,  inlaid  with 
brass,  now  nmaining. 

'  Whiclock's  Memorials,  p.  87.  •  Ibid,  f,  zz^» 


EARL  OF  ONSLOW. 


467 


the  houtoy  hj  Mr.  Withers,  is  not  sofficiently  proved:  That  it  w^ 
fal^e  and  scandalous^  and  injurioas  to  Sir  Richard  Onslow:  That 
Mr.  Withers  shall  pay  five  hundred  pounds  to  him  for  damages^ 
and  his  hook  to  be  burnt.* 

On  December  5ih,  l64S,  the  Commons  having  votedj^  '  that 
the  King*s  answer  to  the  propositions  from  both  houses  was  a 
ground  for  them  to  proceed  upon  to  the  settlement  of  the  king- 
dom's peace}*  the  army,  the  next  morning,  seized  on  one  and 
forty  of  the  principal  members,  then  sitting j  and  Sir  Richard 
Onslow  being  one  of  them,  they  were  conveyed  into  their  great 
Victualling-house,  near  Westminster* ball,  called  Hell;  where 
(says  toy  Aucbor),  they  were  kept  all  night  without  any  beds, 
and  were  afterwards  driven  as  prisoners  (through  snow  and  rain), 
,  to  several  inns  in  the  Strand,  and  there  confined  under  guards  of 
the  soldiers,  who  upbraided  them  in  their  passage. 

He  was  no  favourer  of  a  commonwealth;  neither  do  I  find  he 
ever  sat  in  that  parliament  again;  and  it  is  certain,  be  was  at 
none  of  their  meetings  for  bringing  tbe  King  to  his  trial,  neither 
is  it  mentioned  that  those  in  power  nominated  him  one  of  the 
judges  on  the  mournful  occasion,  or  that  he  accepted  of  any  em* 
ploymept.  When  Cromwell,  on  Apcil  20th,  1663,  dissolved  the 
remains  (commonly  called  '  The  Rump*),  of  the  last  parliament* 
called  by  King  Charles  I.  he  and  his  officers  made  choice  of  a 
number  of  men,  about  120,  to  meet  as  a  parliament,  to  settle  the 
government  of  the  nation;  and  accordingly,  by  his  letters  sent  to 
each  of  them/^  they  met  on  July  4th,  l653 ;  but  neither  Sir  Ri- 
chard Onslew,  or  his  son,  Arthur  Onslow,  Esq.  sat  in  that  assem- 
bly, which,  on  December  I2th  following,^  resigned  their  whole 
power  to  Cromwell,  ibe  General.  After  which,  by  the  advice  of 
his  council  of  officers,  he  took  on  him  the  title  of  Lord  Protector 
of  the  commonwealth  of  England,  Scotland,  and  Ireland^  &c.  and 
was  installed  in  Westminster  hall  on  December  I6tb,  and  took 
bis  oath  that  he  would  not  violate  any  thing  contained  in  the  in- 
atrument  of  government  administered  tohim;^  wherein  there  waa 
an  article,  '  That  a  parliament  should  be  summoned  to  meet  at 
Westminster,  September  3d,  1654,*  &c.  In  this  parliament,'  Sir 
Richard  Onslow,  and  his  son,  Arthur  Onslow,  Esq.  were  feturodd 
for  the  county  of  Surrey :  but  the  said  parliament,*  which  met  on 

*  Dugdale*s  Short  View  of  the  Troubles,  p.  362,  363. 

«  Whitlock,  p.  532,  534.  »  Ibid.  p.  551. 

f  Ibid.  p.  5^3.  2  Diurnal  Occurrences  in  1654.  p.  II. 

«  Whitlock,  p.  583. 


\ 

\ 


4M  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Sunday,  September  3d  following,  being  aot  so  pliable  to  his  pnr- 
poses  as  be  expected,  he  dissolved  it  ^  on  January  following^  which 
was  as  soon  as  he  could  do  it^  by  the  instrument  of  gorernroent  he 
had  sworn  to,  and  subscribed  thereto. 

Another  parliament  being  suounoned  to  meet  at  Westmioster, 
on  September  17th,  1656,  he^^  and  his  son,  Arthur  Onslow,  Esq. 
were  again  chosen  for  the  county  of  Surrey;  and  on  April  9th, 
1657,  Sir  Richard  was  appointed  one  of  the  select  committee  to 
attend  the  Protector  to  receive  his  doubts  and  scruples  on  taking 
the  office  of  King.  In  consequence  thereof,  he  delivered  his  opi- 
nion on  April  13th,  as  follows:'' 

'  '  Every  office  ought  to  have  a  name  adequate  to  the  said  office; 
and  no  other  name  than  King  can  be  suitable  and  comprehensive 
enough,  to  contain  in  it  the  common  good  to  all  intents  and  par- 
'  poses.  It  is  a  rule,  that  the  Kings  of  England  cannot  alter  the 
laws  of  England,  rattone  nominis,  but  are  bound  to  govern  ac- 
cording to  the  laws  of  England;  but  for  any  other  name,  there  is 
no  obligation  lies  upon  it. 

*  That  the  very  Title  is  necessary,  was  declared  in  9  Edw.  IV. 
when  the  gfeat  controversy  was  betwixt  King  Edward  IV.  and 
Henry  VI.  that  sometimes  one  was  in  possession,  and  then  an- 
other, that  it  was  necessary  the  realm  should  have  a  King,  under 
whom  the  laws  might  be  maintained  and  holden :  for  everj  action 
done  by  the  King  in  possession  was  valid  and  good,  as  it  was  his 
jurisdiction  royal.  So  likewise,  in  1  and  3  Henry  VII.  the  same 
opinion  was  held  and  declared,  that  a  King  de  facto  was  neces- 
saryi  apd  in  all  alterations  from  persons  and  families^  yet  our 
ancestors  always  retained  the  title  and  the  name. 

'  There  is  a  prius,  and  a  primum.  Another  name  may,  in  order 
and  degree,  be  first,  that  is,  before  other  men :  but  it  was  a  King 
was  primum,  the  first  name  that  had  its  beginning  with  our  laws. 
The  customs  of  England  are  the  laws  of  England,  as  well  as  oar 
state's  laws.  The  title  of  King  and  Custom,  are  two  twins  bora 
together,  and  have  had  continuance  together;  and  therefore  to 
say  Protector,  of  which  we  know  the  date,  with  custom  (of 
which  no  memory  can  speak),  is  a  kind  of  contradiction  to  the 
original. 

'  Then  there  roust  be  a  law  introductive,  because  Brotector  is 

fc  Whidock,  p.  583. 

e  Lilt  of  PtfUamentt  froin.i<S4o  to  16^9,  p.intcd  in  1659,  p.  ^^. 

^  Monarchy  asserted,  p.  55. 


EARL  OF  ONSLOW.  .  469 

a  new  name  that  our  law  doth  not  yet  know.  Now  to  ingraft  a 
yoang  scjon  upon  an  old  stock,  it  will  never  grow ;  but  there 
must  be  an  eradication  of  the  old  root,  and  a  new  plantation 
must  be  made.  And  that  all  the  old  customs  must  be  put  into 
positive  laws,  will  be  a  thing  consisting  of  much  time  and  great 
difficulty. 

f  The  title  of  King  is  so  incorporated,  and  in  conjunction  with 
our  customs,  which  do  very  much  concern  thef  people  of  England 
to  be  upheld;  and  then  there  is  a  rule^  Qiueque  res  in  conjunc* 
tione  pro  bono  conjunclionis,  that  ought  to  be  done*  which  is  for 
the  gix>d  of  the  conjunction  and  bbnefit  thereof ^  and  if  it  be  for 
the  advantage  of  the  single  person  and  the  people,  it  brings  me  to 
mind  of  another  rule  my  old  master  Tully  taught  me.  Communis 
uHlitatis  derelictio  contra  naturam  est,  it  is  not  natural  to  decline 
that  which  is  for  a  common  benefit  and  utility. 

*  And  therefore  I  shall  say  but  this  as  to  the  iith,  that  as  tl^e  > 
patriarch  Jacob  joined  together  in  his  blessing  upon  Judah  the 
law-giver  and  sceptre  $  the  parliament  of  the  three  nations  desires 
to  preserve  the  title  King  in  and  upon  the  law.    Another  argu- 
ment your  Highness  was  pleased  to  draw  from  Providence,  &c.* 

The  £arl  of  Clarendon  recites  ^  the  perplexity  Cromwell  was 
in,  on  refusing  to  accept  the  government  under  the  title  of  a 
King,  and  that  many  were  then  of  opinion  his  genius  at  that  timo 
forsook  him,  and  yielded  to  the  King's  spirit,  and  that  his, reign 
was  near  its  expiration;  and  that  others  were  as  confident,  if  he 
had  accepted  it,  he  could  not  have  lived  many  days  after.  How- 
on  December  2pth,  1657,^  Cromwell  sent  writs  of  summons,  un- 
der the  great  seal,  to  several  members  of  the  house  of  commona 
(and  particularly  to  those  of  the  committee  that  bad  attended 
him),  to  take  their  place  in  parliament  as  Peers,  the  whole  being 
in  number  sixty;  of  which  were,  Robert  Earl  of  Warwick,  Ed- 
mund, Earl  of  Mulgrave,  Edward^  Earl  of  Manchester,  with 
other  noblemen;  and  Sir  Richard  Onslow,  Sir  John  Hobart,  6e* 
neral  Monk,  &c. 

Being  in  principle  for  monarchical  government,  he  did  not  ac- 
cept of  bdng  one  of  the  council  of  state  either  under  Oliver,  or 
his  son,  Richard;  but  for  tSe  most  part  lived  retired  at  his  seat  in 
Surrey.  He,  and  Sir  Anthony-Ashley  Cooper  (aftewards  Earl  of 
Shaftesbury),  were  close  friends,  whereby  he  was  in  the  secret  of 
many  of  the  transactions  of  those  times;  and  with  him,  and  many 

« 

•  Hit t.  of  Rebsllioo,  Vol.  VI.  8to.  p.  594.  ^  Whitlock,  p.  66^. 


470  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

other  considerable  penons,  procured*  the  repeal  of  the  oath  of 
abjuration  of  the  King  and  Rojal  Family,  and  were  of  the  council 
of  state  which  preceded  the  restoration.  He  served  for  the  to^a 
of  Guilford^  in  the  convention  which  voted  the  return  of  King 
Charles  IL  Arthur^  his  eldest  son^  bdng  elected  with  him.  Ho 
also  served  for  Guilford  in  that  which  was  called  the  Long  Par- 
liament; and  departed  this  life  May  19th»  1664^  in  the  sixty- 
third  year  of  his  age,  and  was  buried  at  Cranley.  Elizabeth  his 
wife,  was  daughter  and  heiress  of  Artbar  Strangeways,  Esq.  of 
the  county  of  Durham.  She  died  ^  August  27tfa,  l679»  >Q  the 
seventy  eighth  year  of  her  age,  and  is  buried  at  Cranley:  by  her 
he  had  fourteen  children)  whereof  six  sons,  and  five  daughters, 
lived  to  maturity. 

Anne,  his  eldest  daughter,  was  married  to  Sir  Anthony  Shirley^ 
of  Preston-place,  in  Sussex,  Bart.|  Catherine,  to  SirTbomas  Cobb> 
of  Adderbury,  in  con^.  Oxon.  Bart.j  Mary,  to  Sir  George  Free- 
man, of  East-Beachwortb^  in  com.  Surrey,  Knight  of  the  Bath ; 
Jane,  to  Sir  George  Croke,  of  Waterstoke,  in  com.  Oxon,  Bart.j 
and  Elizabeth,  to  John  Berncy,  of  Swarston,  in  com.  Norfolk, 
Esq.)  and,  secondly,  to  Sir  Francis  Wyndham,  of  the  county  of 
Somerset,  Bart. 

Of  the  six  sons,  Arthur,  the  eldest,^  bom  in  1632,  succeeded 
bis  fiither. 

Henry,  second  son,  seated  at  Warnham,  and  afker  at  Dreng- 
wike,  in  Sussex,  was  knighted  on  May  I8tb,  1664.  He  married* 
Jane,  widow  of  Henry  Yates,  of  Warnham,  in  Sussex,  Esq.  and 
daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Stidolpb,  of  Nojbury,  in  com.  Surrey, 
Knt.  by  whom  he  bad  four  children ;  of  whom,  one  son,  Richard, 
^nd  a  daughter,  Anne,  survived  their  mother^  who  had  to  her 
third  husband  John  Aipherst,  Esq.  ancestor  to  the  present  Lord 
Amherst.  Which  Richard  lefc  issue  several  daughters,  and  one 
son/  Denzil,  of  Drengwike  aforesaid,  who  married  Anne,  daugh-> 
ter  of  Thomas  Middleton,  Esq.  and  had  issue  two  sons,  of  whom, 
Middleton,"^  married  August  24tb,  1769,  to  — ^,  only  daugbter 
of  Trevor  Borrett,  Esq.  and  was  father  of  Major-general  Denzil 
Onslow,  who  married,  1796,  Anne,  daughter  of  Lord  Petrej  but 
by  her,  who  died  September  33d,  1798,  had  no  issue. 

Richard,  third  son,  iparried  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Abraham 
Beynardson,  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  but  died  without  issue. 

i  Btker^s  Chronicles,  7th  edit.  p.  600. 

*  Aubrey's  Hist,  of  Sarrcy,  Vol.  IV,  p.  88. 

J  Visit,  de  com.  Surrey,  pr»<l.  m  M,  ?•  for  R,ye,  1 774^ 


EARL  OF  ONSLOW.  47\ 

ThotoM  and  John,  fourth  and  fifth  sons,  died  nnmarried* 
Denzil,  youngest  son,  married  Sarah,  third  daughter  and  oo* 
hdr  of  Sir  Thomas  Foot,  Bart,  and  widow  of  Sir  John  Lewis,  of 
Ledston,  in  the  county  of  York,  Knight  and  Baronet,  who  died 
on  August  14th,  l67J*  He  served  in  parliament  for  the  borough 
of  Hasleroere,  in  Surrc}^  in  the  31st  of  King  Charles  II.  and, 
during  the  reigns  of  King  William  and  Queen  Anne,  was  a  mem* 
ber  for  the  same  borough,  or  for  Guilford.  Also,  in  l6Q5,  the 
7th  year  of  King  William,  he  was  chosen  one  of  the  Knights  of 
the  shire  for  the  county  of  Surrey,  with  his  nephew.  Sir  Richard 
Onslow,  Bart.  He  was  seated  at  Purford,  in^ Surreys  and,  on  tiie 
accession  of  Gveorge  I.  was  again  chosen  for  Guilford,  and  after-^ 
wards,  on  a  vacancy  in  that  parlianaent,  he  was  elected  one  of  the 
Knights  for  the  county  of  Surrey.  He  was  one  of  the  Commis- 
sioners for  victualling  the  navy,  from  1706  to  17^1^  when  he 
died  representative  of  the  said  county  in  parliament,  leaving  no 
issue. 

Abthur  Onslow,"^  eldest  son  of  Sir  Richard,  was,  before  he 
came  of  age,  elected  a  member  for  Bramber,  in  Sussex,  in  the 
last  parliarornt  called  by  King  Charles  I.  and  served,  with  his 
father,  for  the  county  of  Surrey,  in  the  parliaments  summoned 
by  Cromwell  in  l654  and  1656.  He  also  served  in  the  two  first 
parliaments  of  King  Charles  IL  for  Guilford,"  and  in  the  three 
last  for  the  county  of  Surrey.  He  had  for  his  first  wife.  Rose, 
only  surviving  daughter  and  heir  of  Nicholas  Stoughton,  of 
Stoughtoo,  in  Surrey,  Esq.  who  died  March  11th,  1647,  and  was 
buried  at  Stoke,  near  Guilford,  in  Surrey,  without  leaving  any 
surviving  issue  by  him  5®  but  he  had  several  children  (as  after- 
'poentioned),  by  his  secpnd  wife,  Mary,  second  daughter  and  co- 
heir of  Sir  Thomas  Foot,^  Knt.  and  Bart.  Sheriff  of  London  in 
\646,  and  Lord  Mayor  in  I&J9;  and  on  his  decease,  which  hap« 
pened  on  1 0ctober  I2th,  1687,  in  the  ninety-sixth  year  of  his  age, 
sucoeeded  to  the  dignity  of  a  Baronetj  the  said  Sir  Thomas  Foot 
(who  was  grandson  of  Robert  Foot,  of  Royston»  in  Cambridge- 
shire), having  a  special  clause  in  his  patent,  with  limitation  of 
that  title  to  his  said  soo-in-law,  with  the  same  precedency^  vis. 
November  21st,  166O. 

n  Visit,  de  com.  Sumy,  D.  15,  p.  3^,  in  Oflic.  Arm. 

tt  £z  Collect.  B.  WilUi,  Armig.  «  Ibid. 

f  The  oiher  daughter  and  coheir  married  Sir  Francis  Rottci  of  Tytheriy* 

<I  Monument  in  Westham  churchy  Essex. 


J 


472  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

This  Sir  Arthur  Onslow,  Bart,  died  on  'July2l8t^  ldB8,  aod 
was  buried  at  Cranleyj  baviog  had  issue  by  his  seoond  Ladf, 
before-mentioned,  four  sons,  and  three  daughters;  who  were^ 
Mary^  married,  to  Sir  Robert  Reeve,  of  Thwaite,  in  oom.  Suffl 
Bart.;  and,  secondly,  to  Thomas  Vincent,  of  Fetcham,  in  com* 
Snney,  Esq.;  Elizabeth,  who  died  unnsarried;  and  Catharine, 
wedded  to  Sir  William  Clark,  of  Shobingtoo,  in  com.  Bucks, 
Bart. 

His  four  sons  were,  1.  Richard,  his  successor.  2.  Foot  Ons- 
low, Esq..  3.  Arthur.  And,  4.  Henry,  who  both  died  unmar- 
ried. 

Foot  Onslow,  Esq.  served  for  Guilford  in  three  parliaments  in 
the  reign  of  King  William,  be^des  the  convention  parliament  in 
1688;  and,  in  1694,  was  constituted  one  of  the  Commissioners  of 
the  Excise.  He  was  First  Commissioner  at  that  board  from  iGQQ 
to  the  time  of  his  death,  which  happened  on  May  1  ith,  171O,  in 
the  fifty-sixth  year  of  bis  age;  and  was  buried  at  Woodford,  in 
the  county  of  Essex,  where  a  tomb  is  erected  to  the  memory  of 
him,  and  Susanna  his  wife,  who  survived  him,  dying  on  June 
10th,  1715,  aged  forty-nine  years.  She  was  daughter  of  Tho- 
mas Anlaby,  of  Etton,  in  the  East  Riding  of  the  county  of  York, 
Esq.  and  was  first  married  to  Arnold  Col  wall,  of  Woodford,  Esq. 
She  had  issue  by  Mr.  Onslow,  two  sons,  Arthur  and  Richard,  and 
five  daughters;  l.  Mary,  who  died  unmarried.  2.  Susanna, mar- 
ried to  —  Creswell.  3.  Elizabeth,  married  to  Francis  Drake, 
druggist,  in  Fleet  street,  London,  and  died  in  March,  1/31.  4. 
Gulielma-Maria,  married  to  '  Boswell.  And,'  5.  Lucretia, 
who. died  10th  December,  1779,  at  Camberwell,  in  Surrey. 

Arthur,  the  eldest  son,  was  seated  at  Ember-court,  neai^ 
Thames-Ditton,  in  the  county  of  Surrey.  He  wa$  chosen  a  mem- 
ber of  parliament  for  Guilford  in  the  year  1719>  as  also  in  the 
succeeding  parliament;  of  which  town  he  was  Recorder.  In  the 
first  parliament  called  by  George  II.  hp  was  chosen  again  for  the 
-'town  of  Gruilford,  as  also  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  shire  for  the 
county  of  Surrey.  At  the  meeting  of  that  parliament  on  Januaiy 
23d,  1726-7^  he  took  his  seat  for  the  said  county;  and  having 
been  unanimously  elected  Spsaker  "  of  the  House  of  Commons, 

'  Aobrey^s  Hist,  of  Sarrey,  Vol.  IV.  p.  88. 
•  <<  He  was  elected  Speaker  (tayi  Coze),  by  an  unanimity,' which  coold 
•nly  be  ioipired  by  an  opinion  of  his  integrity  and  abilities;  an  opinion,  which 
Lis  subsequent  conduct  fully  justified,  by  an  able  and  impardal  discbarge  of  bis 
dutjy  during  a  period  of  thii«y«8eVen  years*** 


EARL  OF  ONSLOW.  473 

was  approved  of  by  his  Majesty  on  the  27th.  On  July  25tb, 
J  728,  he  was  sworn  one  of  his  Majesty's  most  honourable  Privy- 
cooncil;  and  on  May  13th,  1719>  was  appointed  Cbancellor«  and 
Keeper  of  the  Great  Seal,  to  Queen  Caroline.  In  April  1734,  he 
was  constituted  Treasurer  of  the  navy,  but  resigned  that  office  in 
May,  1743.  In  1737>  he  was  elected  High  Steward  of  the  town 
of  Kingston-upon-Tbames,  in  com.  Surrey.  He  was  again  chosen 
one  of  the  Knights  of  the  shire  for  the  county  of  Surrey,  to  tho 
parliament  first  summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster  on  June  13tb, 
1734;  and  at  the  meeting^  thereof  on  January  1 4th,  1734-5,  being 
unanimously  chosen  Speaker,  he  was  presented  and  approved  on 
the  23d.  On  the  meeting  of  the  next  parliament  in  December, 
1741,  he  was  again  unanimously  chosen  Spbakeb  of  the  House 
of  Commons,  being  tben  also  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  shire  for 
the  county  of  Surrey  3  and  being  likewise  chosen  one  of  the  re* 
presentatives  for  that  county,  to  the  parliament  which  first  met  in 
November,  1747>  was  a  fourth  time  unanimously  elected  Speaker. 
In  the  ensuing  parliament,  which  first  met  on  May  31st,  1754, 
he  was  again  chosen  for  the  coupty  of  Surrey;  and  being  then 
unanimously  elected  Speaker,  was  presented  and  approved  the 
next  day,  June  1st. 

What  a  curious  antiquary  ^  said  of  him  on  his  being  elected , 
Speaker  in  the  four  preceding  parliaments,  may  be  very  justly  ap- 
plied to  him  on  all  his  elections.  Viz.  '  he  was  elected  Speaker 
by  as  unanimous  a  concurrence  of  all  the  members  in  general,  as 
any  of  them  had  been  by  their  constituents  in  particular;  and  as 
he  enjoyed  this  eminent  station  a  longer  time  than  any  of  his 
predecessors,  so  he  executed  this  most  important  trust  with  equal, 
if  not  superior  abilities,  to  any  of  those  who  have  gone  before 
him.*  But  the  most  honourable  testimonies  of  his  conduct  were 
the  unanimous  resolutions  of  the  House  of  Commons,  on  March 
]8tb,  '176l>  two  days  before  the  close  of  their  eighth  and  last 
session.  The  first  was,  *  That  the  thanks  of  this  house  be  given 
to  Mr.  Speaker,  for  his  constant  and  unwearied  attendance  in  the 
chair,  during  the  course  of-  above  thirty-three  years,  in  five  suc- 
cessive parliaments)  for  the  unshaken  integrity  and  steady  impar- 
tiality there  5  and  for  the  indefatigable  pains  he  has,  with  uncom- 
mon abilities,  constantly  taken  to  promote  the  real  interest  of  his 
King  and  country,  to  maintain  the  honour  and  dignity  of  parlia- 

*  Brown  Wiilii,  Es^.  10  his  account  of  the  Speakers  in  Kot.  Parliiment, 
p.  118. 


A74r  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

ment,  and  to  preserve  inviolable  the  rights  and  privileges  of  th» 
Commons  of  Great  Britain/ 


Upon  which  Mr.  Speaker  expressed  himself  thas: 

'  I  "was  never  under  so  great  a  difficnltj  in  my  life  to  know 
\rhat  to  say  in  this  place,  as  I  am  at  present.— Indeed  it  is  almost 
too  much  for  me. — t  can  stand  against  misfortunes  and  distresses  z 
I  have  stood  agati>$t  misfortunes  and  distresses;  and  may  do  so 
again ;  but  I  am  not  able  to  stand  this  overflow  of  good-will  and 
honour  to  me.  It  overpowers  me;  and  had  I  all  the  strength  of 
language^  I  could  never  express  the  full  sentiments  of  mj  heart, 
upon  this  occasion,  of  thanks  and  gratitude.  If  I  liave  been  happy 
enough  to  perform  any  services  here  that  are  acceptable  to  the 
house,  I  am  sure  I  now  receive  the  noblest  reward  for  them;  the 
noblest  that  any  man  can  receive  for  any  merit,  far  superior,  in 
my  estimation,  to  all  the  other  emoluments  of  this  world.  I  owe 
every  thing  to  this  house;  I  not  only  owe  to  this  house  that  I  am' 
in  this  place,  but  that  I  have  had  their  constant  support  in  it; 
and  to  their  good-will  and  assistance,  their  tenderness  and  indnl* 
gence  towards  Aie  in  my  errors,  it  is,  that  I  have  been  able  to 
perform  my  duty  here^  to  any  degree  of  approbation :  thanks 
therefore  are  not  so  much  due  to  me  for  these  services,  as  to  the 
honse  itself,  who  made  them  to  be  services  to  me. 

'  When  I  begun  my  duty  here,  I  set  out  with  a  resolution,  and 
promise  to  the  bouse,  to  be  impartial  in  every  thing,  and  to  shew 
respect  to  every  body.  The  first  I  know  I  have  done:  it  is  the 
only, merit  I  can  assume.  If  I  have  failed  in  the  other,  it  was 
unwillingly,  it  was  inadvertently;  and  I  ask  their  pardon  most 
sincerely,  to  whomsoever  it  may  have  happened.— I  can  truly  say, 
the  giving  satisfaction  to  all  has  been  my  constant  aim,  my  study, 
and  my  pride. 

'  And  now,  Sirs,  I  am  to  take  my  last  leave  of  you.  It  is,  I 
confess,  with  regret;  because  the  toeing  within  these  walla  has 
ever  been  the  chief  pleasure  of  my  life;  but  my  advanced  age  and 
infirmities,  and  some  other  reasons,  call  for  retirement  and  obscu- 
rity. There  I  shall  spend  the  remainder  of  my  days;  and  shall 
only  have  power  to  hope,  and  to  pray,  and  my  hopes  and  prayers, 
my  daily  prayers,  will  be,  for  the  continuance  of  the  constitution 
in  general,  and  that  the  freedom,  the  dignity,  atid  authority  of 
this  house  may  be  perpetual.' 

In  return,  the  hoQse  immediately  resolved^  nemine  tontradi* 


EARL  OP  ONSLOW-  475 

teniiy  ^  1 .  llxat  the  thanks  of  this  house  be  given  to  Mr.  Speaker 
for  what  he  has  now  said  to  the  hoase^  and  that  the  same  be 
printed  in  the  votes  of  the  day.  2.  That  an  humble  address  be 
presented  to  his  Majesty^  humbly  to  beseech  bis  Majesty,  that  be 
will  be  graciously  pleased  to  confer  some  signal  mark  of  his  royal 
favour  upon  the  Right  Hon.  Arthur  Onslow^  £sq.  Speaker  of  this 
house,  for  his  great  and  eminent  services  performed  to  his  coun- 
try, for  the  space  of  thirty-three  years  and  upwards,  during  which 
he  has,  with  distinguished  ability  and  integrity,  presided  in  the 
chair  of  this  house;  and  to  assure  his  Majest)'^  that  whatever  ex* 
pense  his  Majesty  shall  think  proper  to  be  incurred  upon  that  ac- 
count,'this  house  will  make  good  the  same  to  his  Mnjesty.' 

This  address  having  been  next  day  presented,  the  King  was 
pleased  to  answer,  '  That  he  had  the  justest  sense  of  the  long 
services  and  great  merit  of  Mr.  Onslow,  presient  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Commons;  and  had  alread^Jaken  the  same  into  consi- 
deration; and  that  he  would  do  therein  what  should  appear  to 
be  roost  proper,  agreeable  to  the  desire  of  his  most  faithful  Com* 
mons.* 

Accordingly  his  Majesty,  by  letters  patent,  dated  April  20th, 
1761,  was  pleased  to  grant,  out  of  his  civil  list  revenue,  a  pension 
of  30001.  a*year  to  the  said  Right  Honourable  Arthur  Onslow, 
Esq.  late  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons,  for  his  life,  and  the 
life  of  George  Onslow,  Esq.  his  son  (after-mentioned)^  and  the 
survivor  of  them:  but  as  his  Majesty  could  not  extend  the  effect 
of  the  said  grant  beyond  the  term  of  bis  own  life,  he  recom- 
mended it  to  the  bouse  in  the  first  session  of  the  next  parliament, 
to  secure  it  effectually  for  the  benefit  of  Mr.  Onslow  and  his  son; 
and  thereupon  a  bill  was  brought  in,  and  having  passed  l)oth 
houses,  received  the  royal  assent. 

Likewise,  at  a  court  of  common-couneil  held  at  Guildhall  on  May 
5th,  17^^ »  ^t  "^a^  unanimously  resolved,  '  That  the  freedom  of 
this  city  be  presented,  in  a  gold  box  of  lOOl.  value,  by  the  Cham- 
berlain of  the  city,  to  the  Right  Honourable  Arthur  Onslow,  Esq. 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons  in  five  successive  parliaments, 
as  a  grateful  and  lasting  testimony  of  the  respectful  love  and  ve^ 
neration  which  the  citizens  of  London  entertain  for  his  person  and 
distinguished  virtue;  for  the  many  eminent  qualifications  he  dis- 
played, the  unwearied  and  disinterested  labours  be  bestowed,  and 
the  impartial  and  judicious  conduct  he  maintained,  in  the  execu- 
tion of  that  arduous  and  important  ofiBice,  dunng  a  course  of  three 


476  PEERAGE  OF 

and  thirty  jcan;  and  for  that  eaemplaiy  seal  which  opon  all 
proper  occations  he  exerted^  with  so  moch  dignitf  and  foccess,  io 
•Qpport  of  the  rights  and  pririkges,  and  comtitntiooal  indepen- 
dence, of  the  Commons  of  Great  Britain.' 

This  worth  J  man  and  illnstrions  patriot  died  on  Febmary  17th» 
1766,  and  was  buried  at  Thames-Ditton,  being  in  the  serentj- 
serenth  year  of  his  age." 

He  married  Anne,  one  of  the  danghters  of  John  Bridges,^  of 
Thames-Ditton,  Esq.  and  ood  of  the  nieces  of  Henry  BridgeSj* 
of  £mber-court»  in  Soney,  Esq.  and  by  her,  who  died  on  June 
5tb^  1766,  aged  sixty-three^  bad  a  son,  George  Onslow,  who  is 
the  present  Earl  of  Onslow,  and  a  daughter,  Anne,  who  died  on 
December  20th,  1751,  and  is  boned  at  Thames-Ditton. 

Richard  Onslow,  Esq.  second  son  of  Foot  Onslow,  Esq.  before* 
mentioned,  chnsiog  a  militaiy  life,  and  passing  through  the  sub- 
ordinate stations,  was,  in  1738,  app<Mnted  Colonel  of  the  39th 
regiment  of  £x>t,  from  which  he  was,  on  June  6th,  J  739,  trans- 
lated to  the  command  of  the  8th,  or  the  King*s  regiment  of  foot. 
On  February  20th,  1741-2,  being  then  Adjutant-general  of  his 
Majesty's  forces,  he  was  constituted  Brigadier-general ;  aod  serv- 
ing  the  campaign  in  Germany,  A.  D.  1743,  when  on  June  27tb, 
N.  S.  the  battle  of  Dettingen  happened,  he  was  on  the  13  tb  of 
next  month  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Major-general.  Resigning 
the  command  of  his  regiment  of  foot,  he  got  that  of  the  first 
troop  of  Grenadier-guards,  on  April  26th,  17^^^;  and  on  August 
6th,  1752,  was  made  Lieutenant-general  of  his  Majestj's  forces. 
In  tebmar}",  17^2,  he  was  appointed  Governor  of  Fort- William, 
in  Scotland,  and  Governor  of  Plymouth,  in  March,  l/dQ.  In 
1727,  lie  was  returned  member  for  Guilford,  which  be  continued 
to  represent  in  every  succeeding  parliament  to  the  time  of  his  de- 
cease. He  married,  first,  Rose^  sister  to  the  aforesaid  Anne  Bridges; 
and  she  dying  in  little  more  than  a  year  after  her  marriage  with- 
out children,  he  look  to  his  second  wife,  Pooley,  daughter  of 
Charles  Walton,  of  Little  Bursted,  in  the  county  of  Essex,  Esq. 
and  niece  of  Sir  George  Walton,  Knt.  one  of  the  Vice-admiral^ 
of  the  Royal  navy.  By  her  he  lefi,  at  his  death,  on  March  l/th, 
1760,  three  sons  and  a  daughter;  vis.  1.  George.    2.  Richard, 

u  There  is  an  handsome  oTal  white  marble  tablet  for  him  and  his  w'^  in 
Thamcs-Ditcon  church. 

X  This  family  were  not  rehted  to  the  Chandct  family  |  thej  bore  the  Cross 
Ermtnohi  for  their  arms. 


EARL  OF  ONSLOW.  477 

now  an  Adcntral^  and  made  a  Baronet  1797>  as  third  in  command 
in  Lord  Duncan's  victory,  and  married  on  Jane  Ist,  1773,  to 
■,  daughter  of  the  late  Commodore  Mitchell,  by  whom  he 
has  several  children,  of  whom,  a  daughter  is  widow  of  the  late 
Admiral  Sir  Hyde  Parker,  Knt.  3.  Arthur^  Archdeacon  of  Berks, 
and  Dean  of  Worcester,  married,  J  772,  Frances,  daughter  of 
Constanline  Phipps,  of  the  Island  of  St.  Christopher's,  Esq.  (by 
whom  he  has  issue,  1.  Richard-Francis,  married,  in  June  1801^ 
Harriet,  daughter  of  the  Hon.  Andrew  Foley,  uncle  to  Lord  Foley. 
2.  Arthur-Cyril-Phipp8>3r  and  three  daughters;  Anna-Maria; 
Jane,  and  Charlotte.)  And,  4.  Elizabeth,  married  to  the  Rev. 
George  Hamilton,  brother  to  the  late  Earl  of  Abercorn^  mother 
of  Lady  George  Seymonr^  &c. 

George,  the  eldest  son,  was,  upon  the  decease  of  his  father, 
elected  member  for  Guilford,  which  he  represented  till  1784, 
and  was  Ont-Ranger  of  Windsor  Forest  for  life.  He  died  No- 
vember 14th,  1792.  He  married  Jane,  daughter  of  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Thorpe,  of  Chillingham,  in  Northumberland,  by  whom 
he  had  two  sons,  Richard,  bom  January  13th,  17^4,  and  Geoi^e, 
bom  April  7th,  17^>  bat  died  an  infant;  also  a  daughter,  Pooiy, 
bora  March  3d,  17^8,  married  to  the  late  Sir  Francis  Drake, 
Bart.;  and  after  his  death,  to  Arthur  Onslow,  Serjeant  at  Law* 

I  now  return  to  Sir  Richard  Onslow,  first  Lord  Onslow 
(the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Arthur  Onslow),  of  whom  I  am  principally 
to  treat.  He  was  bom  ■  in  the  year  1654,  and  was  a  member  for 
Guilford  in  the  three  last  parliaments  called  by  King  Charles  II. 
as  also  in  that  called  by  King  James  II.  In  the  convention  par* 
liament,  he  was  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  shire  for  the  county  of 
Surrey,  which  he  constantly  represented,  whilst  he  continued  a 
commoner,  except  that  parliament  which  met  on  November  25th, 
1710,  the  9th  of  Queen  Anne,  when,  by  a  powerful  interest  made 
against  him,  he  lost  his  election  by  a  few  votes,  but  was  returned 
for  the  borough  of  St.  Maw's,  in  Cornwall. 

In  the  reign  of  King  William,  he  was  one  of  the  Lords  of  the 
Admiralty)  and  on  November  l6th,  17O8,  was  unanimously 
chosen  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons,  and  sworn  of  the  Privy 
Council  to  Queen  Anne,  on  June  17th,  1710.  He  was  also  High 
Steward  of  the  borough  of  Guilford,  and  Governor  of  the  Levant 
company. 

7  The  Lady  of  the  Rev.  Arthur  Onslow,  died  at  the  Rectory  houie,  ChcTea' 
ifig,  Rent,  March  9th,  iSio. 

>  Visit,  de  com.  Surrey,  D.  15,  p.  3$,  in  Ofic.  Arm. 


478  PEERAGE  OP  Et^GLAND. 

On  the  accession  of  George  I.  he  was  again  sworn  of  the  Prifjr 
Council,  and  constituted  one  of  the  Lords  of  the  Treasury,  and 
Chancellor  and  Under-Treasurer  of  the  Exchequer.  Also,  en 
resigning  those  ofi^ces,  in  October,  \7^S,  he  was  made  one  oi 
the  Tellers  of  the  Exchequer  during  life*  And,  in  consideration 
of  his  great  merits,  and  in  particular  for  having  on  all  occasions 
strenuously  asserted  the  rights  and  liberties  of  his  couoCrj,  and 
been  indefatigable  in  supporting  the  Protestant  ioter^t,  was»  by 
letters  pateut,*  bearing  date  June  25th,  1716,  created  a  Peer  0/ 
Great  Britain ,  by  the  style  and  title  of  Load  Onslow,  Baron  of 
Onslow,  in  com,  Salop,  and  of  Clandon,  in  Surrey;  ttdih  limit<i^ 
Hon,  for  want  of  issue  male  of  his  body,  to  his  uncle,  Denxil 
Onslow,  of  Pyrford,  Esq.  and  the  issue  male  of  his  body;  and,  in 
default,  to  the  heir^  male  of  the  body  of  Sir  Jrthur  Onslow ^  Bart, 
father  of  him  the  said  Sir' Richard 

His  Lordship  was  *  constituted  Lord  Lieutenant  of  the  county 
of  Surrey  on  July  6th,  ]7l6>  and  died  on  December  5ih»  1717, 
being  very  much  esteemed  for  his  great  humanity,  afiiibtltty,  and 
other  shining  qualities;  and  lies  buried  at  Merrow,  in  Surrey. 
He  gave  the  sum  of  2001.  in  his  lifetime  for  purchasing  lands 
and  tenements  to  be  settled  on  the  incumbent  of  the  united 
churches  of  the  Holy  Trinity  and  St  Mary,  in  Guilford.  He 
married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  Henry  Tnlse,  Knt,  Lord  Mayor 
of  London,  and  by  her  (who  died  at  Croydon^ on  Novcpaber  'i5th, 
1718),  had  two  sons;  Thomas,  second  Lord  Onslow;  and  Ri- 
chard, who  died  young;  also  two  daughters;  Elizabeth,  first 
married  to  Thomas  Middleton,  of  Stansted  Montiichet,  in  the 
county  of  Essex,  Esq  (who  died  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  shire 
for  that  county);  and,  secondly,  to  Samuel  Baldwin,  Esq.;  she 
died  in  1736:  and  Mary,  to  Sir  John  Williams,  of  Stoke- Ney- 
land,  in  com.  SufF.  Knt.  one  of  the  Aldennfen,  ami  Lord  Mayor 
of  the  city  of  London. 

Thomas,  sbconh  Lord  Onslow,  bad,  for'several  years,  been 
chosen  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons,  first  for  Gat  ton,  in 
the  first  year  of  Queen  Anne,  and  for  the  city  of  Chichestf  r,  in 
the  fourth  year  of  hrr  reign;  and  afterwards,  whilst  he  was  a 
commoner,  for  the  county  of  Surrey,  and  the  borouglis  of  Hasle* 
mere  and  Blechingley,  in  the  said  county.  After  the  death  of  his 
father,  be  was,  on  December  Qth,  I719.  by  his  Majesty  appointr-d 
Lord  Lieutenant  of  the  county  of  Surrey,  and  one  of  the  Tellers 

*  Pit.  t  Qto.  h  s  Bill  tifn.  z  Geo.  I. 


EARL  OF  ONSLOW.  479 

of  the  Ex^heqner^  in  which  he  was  contiDued  bjhis  late  Ma- 
jesty. In  1737*  he  was  made  Gustos  Rotolorum  of  the  county  of 
Sttirey,  and  also  High  Steward  of  the  town  of  Guilford.  He  was 
also  Governor  of  the  Turkey  company^  His  Lordship  departed . 
this  life  in  June^  1740.  He  married  £Uzabetb,  sole  daughter 
and  hdr  of  Mr.  Knight,  of  the  inland  of  Jamaica,  and  niece  and 
heir  of  Colonel  Charles  Knight^  of  the  said  island^  with  whom 
he  had  a  great  fortune  $  and  by  her  (who  died  on  April  IQth^ 
1731) J  had  an  only  son^  Richard,  his  successor,  bom  in  the  year 

1713. 

RiCHASD,  THiHD  LoRD  Onslow,  was  cbosen  a  member  for 
the  borough  of  Guilford,  and,  succeeding  bis  &ther,  was  consti- 
tuted Lord  Lieutenant' of  the  county  of  Surrey^  and  on  January 
2gtb,  1740-1,  his  Majesty  being  present  in  council,  his  Lordship 
took  the  oaths  appointed  to  be  taken  (hereupon.  On  March 
12tb,  1752,  his  Lordship  was  made  a  Knight  companion  of  the 
most  honourable  "order  of  the  Bath,  and  installed. on  December 
i7th,  ne&t  year.  At  the  accession  of  the  present  King,  he  was 
continued  in  the  offices  of  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Gustos  Rotu- 
lonun  of  the  said  county  of  Surrey;  and  was  also  Doctor  of 
Laws. 

His  Lordship,  on  May  l6th,  1741,  married  Mary,  daughter  of 
Sir  Edmund  Elwell,  Bart,  but  died  without  issue  (by  her,  who 
long  survived  him),  October  9th,  1776>  and  was  succeeded  in  the 
title  of  Lord  Onslow,  by  his  cousin,  George  Onslow,  Baron  or 
Cbamlbt. 

GsoaGB,  the  present  Earl  of  Onslow,  and  fourth  Lord 
Onslow,  and  first  Lord  Cranlby,  is  only  son  of  the  Right 
Honourable  Arthur  Onslow,  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons, 
as  before  observed.  On  May  13th,  17^4,  he  had  a  grant  of  the 
place  of  Out-Ranger  of  Windsor  Forest,  which  he  kept  till  May, 
1763.  In  1754,  he  was  elected  to  parliament  for  Rye,  in  Sussex. 
At  the  general  election,  1761,  he  was  chosen  one  of  the  Knights 
for  the  county  of  Surrey 5  and  being,  on  July  13th,  1765,  ap- 
pointed one  of  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  the  Treasury  (which 
place  he  enjoyed  till  his  becoming  a  Peer),  he  was  re-elected,  as 
he  was  also  at  the  next  general  election,  in  1768.  On  Decem- 
ber 23d,  1767^  he  was  sworn  of  bis  Majesty's  most  honoural^e 
Privy  Council 5  also  in  March,  1768,  chosen  High  Steward  of 
Kingston.  On  May  )4th,  1776,  he  was  created  Baron  Cran- 
lby, of  Imher  Court,  in  the  county  of  Surrey }  and  on  October 
Qth  following,  succeeded  to  the  tide  of  Baron  Onslow.    His 


480  P££RAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Lordship  is  al^  LL.D.  aod  Lord  LieatcDant  and  Cuitoa  Botold- 
ram  of  the  county  of  Surrey;  and  December  4th,  1779»  ^^  ^P" 
pointed  Treasurer  of  bis  Majesty's  Household,  which  he  resigned 
1780,  and  Lord  of  the  Bedchamber,  on  September  gth,  1779* 
which  he  still  retains.. 

On  June  19th,  1801,  he  was  created  Viscount  Cranlbt,  and 
Eabl  op  Onslow. 

His  Lordship  married,  June  l6th,  17^*  Henrietta,  daughter  of 
Sir  John  Shelley,  of  Michell  Grove,  in  Sussex,  Bart,  (by  his  wife, 
Margaret,  youngest  sister  of  Thomas  PelhaiA  Holies,  Duke  of 
Newcastle),  aod  by  her  has  had  issue, 

1.  Thomas,  Viscount  Cranley,  M.  P.  for  Rye,  1775,  for  Guil- 
ford, from  1/84  to  I8O6,  and  now  Colonel  of  the  second  Surrey 
militia,^  born  March  15th,  \754\  married,  December  20th,  1776, 
Arabella,  third  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Eaton-Manwaring  £1- 
lerker,  Esq.  of  Bisby  Park,  in  Yorkshire,  by  whom,  who  ^died 
April  lith,  1782,  et.  26,  he  had  issue,  1.  Arthur-George,  bom 
October  25th,  1777*  2*  Thomas-Cranley,  born  in  September, 
1778,  a  Lieutenant-colonel  in  the  army,  and  a  Captain  in  the 
third  Regiment  of  foot  guards,  now  M.  P.  for  Guilford,  I8O7. 
3.  Manwaring.    4.  Harriet. 

The  Viscount  married,  secondly,  in  Februar}%  1783,  Mrs.  Dun- 
combe,  daughter  of  ■  Hale,  Esq.  of  Hertfordshire,  widow 
of  the  late  Thomas  Duncombe,  Esq.  of  Duncorabe  Park,  in 
Yorkshire. 

2.  John,  who  died  young. 

3.  Henry,  who  died  an  infiint. 

4.  Edward,  bora  April  9th,  1758,  deceased  M.  P.  for  Aldbo- 
rough,  Yorkshire,  1780. 

5.  Henrietta,  died  yoaog. 

Titles.  George  Onslow,  Lord  Onslow,  Baron  of  Onslow  and 
Clandou}  also  Baron  Cranley,  of  Imber  Court,  and  Baronet; 
Viscount  Cranley,  and  Earl  of  Onslow. 

Creations.  Baronet,  November  21st  (1660),  12  Car.  II.  j 
Baron  Onslow,  of  Onslow,  in  Shropshire,  and  of  West  Clandon, 
in  Surrey,  June  25th,  1716,  2  George  1. 5  and  Baron  Cranley,  of 
Imber  Court,  in  Surrey,  May  I4th,  1776,  16  George  III. ^  Vis- 
count Cranley,  and  Earl  of  Onslow,  June  J  gth,  1801. 

*>  He  W8I  appointed  OacRanger  of  Windsor  Forest,  1792. 
e  Two  children,  Arabella  and  Thomas^  twini,  died,  aged  acven  weeka,  in 
May,  178J. 


EARL  ONSLOW.  481 

Arms,  Argent,  a  fess.  Gules,  between  six  Cornbh  cfaought 
proper. 

Crest.  On  a  wreath,  a  falcon,  proper,  legged  and  belled.  Or, 
feeding  on  a  partridge,  proper. 

Supporters.  Two  falcon^  with  wings  disclosed,  proper,  leggei 
and  belled,  Or. 

Motto.    Semper  fioblis. 

Chief  Seat.    At  West  Clandon>  in  Sarre;^^ 


▼OL.  T.  a  I 


PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 


MARSHAM,  EARL.  OF  ROMNEY. 

Or  tbii  familj,  denominated  from  the  town  of  Manham,  ia 
Norfalk>  was  'Thokas  de  Manbun,  who  died  anno  1103. 

BicBABD,  his  onlj  md,  waa  father  to  ■  daughter,  Margaret, 
who  died  uimiarried,  and  a  «xi, 

BicuABD,  who  died  iigo,  leaving  ime, 

FiKDiNAMSOi  wIk)  sarvivcd  till  the  7ear  1231,  and  had  itsam 
by  Ado  hii  wife,  a  daughter,  Ann,  who  died  jOODg,  aod  two 
•ona, 

1.  Andrew,  who  died  without  bsue. 

2.  JoBK  in  Maztbata,  of  JIfarsham,  ■who  dy\ng  ]3{n,waiaQC. 
ceeded  bj  hii  only  ion, 

T&OHAB,  who  wai  living  at  Norwich  in  1350,  and  wai  fiither 
to 

RoBKBT,  leated  at  StiattMi,  in  Noriblk,  and  bad  iame  four  aooa, 
John,  Andrew,  Robert)  and  Bidiard,  a  loonk  in  the  priory  of 
Norwich,  and  Almoner  in  that  monaatery. 

JoHir,  the  eldeit  aon,  died  1S15,  and  had  aerenl  children,  of 
whom, 

JoHv,  the  eldeit  aon,  waa  aheriff  of  Norwich  1510,  and  mayor 
of  that  atf  1518,  He  died  May  13th,  IS25,  learing  iaane  by  hia 
wife,  ,  daogbter  of  Hammood  Claxton,  cf  Great  Livenner^ 
in  Snfiblk,  Eaq.  .two  boos, 

1.  Robert,  who  married  Elixabetb,  daughter  at  Robert  Dowdci, 
Eaq.  and  had  three  aoos.^  ' 

■  Bmutlum  OamiatKua,  pnbUilud  hj  Mr.  EJAoDdM*. 
k  The  deieendant  of  tht  elder  bnoch,  I  pntuaw,  wn  tbc  lata  Hr.  MttAan, 
of  Stnttoo,  in  Niuf oik,  mUktwwa  •>  iMeabciof  iheRojalSeditri  and  fct 
V*  pabfa  ipirit  b  plaolliiii  Jtc 


EARL  OP  EbMNEY.  483 

f  I , 

^.  Thomas,  of  the  parish  of  St.  Bartholomew,  iii  London,  and 
Alderman  of  the  said  city,  who  had  issue  by  Magdalen,  daughter 
of  Richard  Springham,  merchant,  of  London,  six  sons,  and  four 
daughters;  and  was  buried  on  March  12th,  1624,  in  Islington 
church. 

Of  which  tons,  John,  the  second,  born  in  the  said  parish  of  St. 
Bartholomew,  on  August  23d,  l602,  was  put  to  Westminster 
school,  and  from  thence  sent  to  St«  John*s  college  in  Oxford, 
where  he  was  entered  a  commoner  in  1619.  He  took  the  degree  of 
Master  of  Arts,  A.  D.  1625,  in  which  year  he  went  into  Prance, 
ttnd  staid  the  winter  at  Paris.  The  two  following  years  he  tra« 
veiled  into  moat  parts  of  that  kingdom,  visited  Italy,  and  some 
parts  of  Germany,  and  then  relumed  to  Londoi>,  where  he  stu- 
died the  common  law  in  the  Middle  Temple.  In  I629,  he  went 
through  Holland  and  Guelderland  to  the  siege  of  BcHS-le-dudj 
and,  leaving  that  place,  took  his  route  by  Flushing  to  Boulogne 
and  F^ris,  to  attend  Sir  Thomas  Ednoiunds,  Ambassador  Extraor^ 
dinaiy  to  the  Court  at  Fontainbleau,  to  swear  the  French  King  to 
the  peace.  After  his  return  home,  he  took  to  his  £)rmer  studies, 
and,  in  the  beginning  of  the  year  1637*8,  was  sworn  one  of  the 
Six  clerks  in  Chancery.  On  the  breaking  out  of  the  civil  wars, 
he  followed  hid  Majesty  and  the  great  seal  to  Oxford,  and  there- 
fore was  put  out  of  his  place  by  the  usurping  party,  and  was  plun- 
dered in  his  estate,  and  lost  to  an  incredible  value. 

His  brother,  Ferdinando,  also  espoused  his  Majesty's  cause, 
and  was  one  of  those  loyalists  created  A.M.  at  Oxford,  in  Novem- 
ber, 1642)  ^  he  was  also  Esquire  for  the  body  to  King  Charles  L 
and  11.  and  dying  on  November  7th,  l68i,  aged  seventy  •one,  was 
boned  at  Cuxton. 

On  the  declension  of  the  royal  cause,  John  Marsham  retired  to 
his  studies  in  London,  and  compounded  for  his  estate  at  the  sum 
of  ^3561.  l6s.  2d.  In  I66O,  he  was  returned  to  parliament  for 
the  city  of  Rochester,  restored  to  his  former  post  of  Master  in 
Chancery,  and  had  the  honour  of  knighthood  conferred  on  him, 
bdng  then  written  of  Whom's-i^at^e,  in  Cuxton,  Kent,  which  be 
purchased;  and,  three  years  after,  was  created  a  Baronet.  He 
was  an  accomplished  gentleman,  and  excellent  historian;  for 
which  reason  father  Simon,  in  his  writings,  called  him  the  great 
Marsham  qf  England.    And  Ant.  Wood,  in  his  History  of  thv 


c  Monumeat  la  Cuxton  (tliai  Cookstooe),  chsrch* 
*  Lilt  of  LordSf  Ice*  Compoaiideri,  £4it*  zd,  p.  71. 


484  pe£Raoe  of  knclard. 

Oxfoitl  Writer*,  observes,  that  '  Monsieor  Carcaoy,  the  King  of 
France's  Hbraiy-keeper,  and  all  the  great  and  learned  men  of 
Europe,  his  contemporaries,  acknowledged  him  to  be  one  of  the 
gieatest  antiquaries,  and  most  accurate  and  learned  writer  of  hia 
time;  as  appears  by  thrir  testimonies  under  their  hands  and  seals^ 
in  their  letters  to  him,  which  would  make  a  Tolume  in  folio. 

He  hath  written,  1.  Diairiba  Chronologica,  LontL  l64g. 
2.  Chronicus  Canon  jEgtfptiacus,  Ebraicus,  Gneois  bf  Disqum* 
iionest  Lond.  1672,  fbl.  3.  The  preface  to  the  second  volume  of 
the  Monasiicon  Angiican.  which  he  called  nPOnOTAAION  Jo- 
kannis  Marsham.  And  at  his  death  he  left  other  works  unfinished  ^ 
1.  Imperium  Persicum,  2.  De  Prwinciis  ^  LegionUus  Roma^ 
nis,    3.  De  Re  Nummarias  and  other  works. 

He  died  at  Bushy-hall,  in  Hertfordshire,  on  «May  26th,  l685, 
aged  eighty-three,  and  his  body  was  buried  at  Caxton,  near  Ro~ 
Chester,  in  Kent. 

■  He  lefl  issue,  by  Elizabeth  his  wife  (who  died  September  24th> 
l€89,  aged  seventy-seven,  and  was  buried  at  Cuxton),  daughter 
of  Sir  William  Hamnoond,'  of  St.  Alban*s  Court,  in  Nonington, 
in  East  Kent,  two  sons.  Sir  John  Marsham,  of  Cuxton,  Bart,  and 
Sir  Robert  Marsham,  of  Bushy-hall,  in  Hertfordshire^  ancestor 
to  the  present  Earl  of  Romney.  Also  a  daughter,  Elizabeth,  who 
married,  first,  Stephen  Penkhnrst,  Esq.  of  Buxted-Place,  Sussex; 
and,  secondly,  her  cousin,  William  Hammond,s  Esq.  of  St.  Al- 
ban*s  Court  beforementioned.  She  died  l675» 
.  Sir  John  Marsham,  ieamd  Baronet,  the  eldest  son,  was  a  stn** 
dious  and  learned  gentleman,  and  made  a  great  progress  in  writing 
the  history  of  England,  in  a  more  exact  and  correct  manner  than 
any  extant.  He  was  possessed  of  his  fiither*s  library,  which, 
though  diminished  by  the  fire  that  happened  in  London,  A.D. 
1666,  yet  was  veiy  considerable,  and  highly  to  be  valued  for  the 
exquisite  remarks  in  the  margin  of  most  of  the  books.    He  first 

married  Anne,  daughter  of Danvers;  and  by  her,  who  died 

8  kal.  April,  16^2,  aged  thirty,  and  was  buried  at  Cuxton,  had 
BO  issue )  secondly,  Hester,  daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  George  Sa/er,. 

«  Monument  in  Cuxton  cbnrcb,  lee  Thorpe's  Repitrum  Rofllenae,  p.  769. 

f' Sir  WilUam  Hammond  was  knighted  at  Whitehall,  December  aoth,  i6o8. 
He  married  a  daughter  of  Sir  Anthony  Aucher)  of  Bishopi^ume,  near  Canter- 
bury, by  a  daughter  of  Edwin  Saadyi,  Archbiihop  of  Yorlc.  From  him  was  de- 
scended James  Hammond,  the  Elegiac  Poet.  See  Toptgn^JAeal  3iitctlltm*S9 
179X. 

S  He  died  1685,  and  was  great  great  grandfather,  by  her»  to  the  preseat  Wil- 
liam Hammond,  Esq*  of  Su  Alban's  Court. 


EARL  OF  ROMNEY.  485; 

Kdt.  grand-daoghter  of  John  Sayer,  of  Bourchien-faall,  rn  Aid- 
haiD>  £sq.  aad  by  ber,  wbo  was  buried  at  Aldbam  on  October 
2^th9  ^7^^f  bad  a  son. 

Sir  John  Marsham^  third  Baronet,  who  sacceeded  him^  but 
dying  unmarried  May  13th^  1696^  aged  sixteen^  was  buried  at 
Cuxton^  whereupon  the  estate  and  title  of  Baronet  devolved  on 
his  uncle«  Sir  Robert  Marsbam^  of  Bushyrhall  before-mentioned. 

Sir  RoBEi^T,  fourth  Baronet,  who,  by  the  gift  of  his  father, 
had  his  cabinet  of  Greek  medals,  more  curiqus  than  any  other 
private  collection  j  and  was  also  a  studious  and  learned  gpntle- 
man.  He  succeeded  bis  father  as  one  of  the  Six  clerks  in  Cban<« 
eery;  a^fd,  in  July  1^81,  received  the  hpnour  of  Knighthpod.  {le 
served  for  Maidstone  in  the  tbiee  parltamepts  of  King  William, 
^nd  died  on  July  l^th,  ^^03,  and  is  buried  at  Cuxton,  having 
had  issue  by  his  wife,^  IVfargaret,  daughter  and  heir  of  Thomas 
Bosvije,  of  Little  Motte  £insford,  in  Kent,  £sq.  by  Elizabeth  his 
>vife,  daughter  of  Sir  Francis  Wyatt,*  of  Boxley  Abbey,  in  Kent, 
Knt.  four  daughters. 

1.  Elizabeth,  the  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Palmer,  of  Wingbam,  in 
Kent«  Bart.  2.  Margaretta,  married  to  Sir  Brook  Bridges,  of 
Goodnestone,  in  Kent,  Bart.  3.  Anne,  who  died  young.  4.  Maiy^ 
the  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Hales,  of  Howletts^  in  Kent,  fiart. 

Also  three  sons;  1.  Robert,  his  successor.  2,  John.  And,  3, 
Ferdinando,  who  both  died  young. 

Sir  Robert  Marsham,  Bart,  the  eldest  son,  first  Lord  Rom* 
NBY^  served  in  the  three  last  parliaments  of  Queen  Anne,  as  also 
ip  the  first  year  of  George  I.  for  the  borough  of  Maidstone,  in 
Kent.  He  was  a  great  stickler  for  the  Protestant  succession,  and 
the  I^ouse  of  Commons  distinguishing  his  known  zeal,  by  cfausing 
him  one  of  their  managers  for  looking  into  the  conduct  of  the  mi- 
nistry, in  the  four  last  years  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne>  he  was, 
by  George  I.  created  a  Peer  of  this  realm,  by  the  title  of  Lord 
XlouNBY,  in  Kent,  by  letters  patent  bearing  date  June  25ih,  1716; 
and  the  year  after  was  constituted  Governor  of  Dover-castle. 

His  Lordship  married  ^  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir 
Cloudesly  Shovel,  Knt.  who  unfortunately  perished  among  the 
rocks  of  Scilly,  on  October  22d,  4707,  when  he  was  Rear-admiral 
of  Great  Britain,  and  Admiral  and  Commander  in  Chief  of  the 
fleet.    His  Lordship  dying  on  November  28th,  1724,  bad  issue 

^  Monuments  in  Cnxton  and  Boxley,  in  Kent. 
^  The  direct  male  descendant  of  Sir  Thomas  Wyatt,  the  Pbet, 
k  Monimeni  in  CrajrIM  Uiarcby  Kent. 


489  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

by  her  (who^  in  September^  17?2,  was  married^  secoodlji  to  Jc^p 
liOrd  Carmicbael,  afterwards  third  Earl  of  Hyndford^  and  died  No- 
vember 28th^  1750)^  three  daughters;  Elizabeth^  married  in  Maf 
1741^  to  Sir  Jacob  BouTerie^  Bart,  aflerwards  Viscoant  Folkestone. 
She  died  25th  September,  1782,  at  South- Wamiborongb,  in 
Hants;  Margaretta,  bom  March  2d.  171^,  who  died  joangi  apd 
Harriot,  unmarried;  also  four  sons^ 

1.  Shovel,  born  October  15lb,  1709,  who  died  young, 

3.  Robert,  the  late  Lord  Romney. 

3.  John,  bom  November  14th,  1715.    And,  4.  Thomas^  born 
April  5th,  1722,  who  both  died  young. 

R0BBRT4  SBCOND  LoBp  RoMNBT,  was  bom  August  22d,  1712* 
and  being  a  nobleman  of  great  learning,  elegant  taste,  nod  excel* 
lent  judgment,  justly  stood  enrolled  among  the  Fellows  of  the 
Royal  Society,  and  was  Doctor  of  Laws.  He  was  likewise  Ptesi* 
dent  of  the  Society  for  the  encouragement  of  arts,  manuftctures^ 
and  commerce,  bang  so  elected  in  place  of  the  first  Viscount 
Folkestone  j  Colonel  of  the  Western  battalion  of  the  Kentish  mi* 
litia;  one  of  the  Vice-presidents  of  the  Magdalen-house  in  St. 
George's- fields;  and  a  hearty  promoter  of  every  useful  and  chari- 
table institution. 

His  Lordship  died^  November  14th^  1793^  st.  82^  universaUy 
respected  and  beloved; 

His  Lordship  mairied,  in  August,  1742,  Priscilla,  daughter  of 
Charles  Pym>  of  the  island  of  St.  Christopher,  Esq.  and  by  her 
liadyship,  who  died  Febraary  26th^  I77lj  had  issue  five  sons. 

1.  Robert-Pym,  born  April  27th,  174^,  died  November  20th^ 

17*2. 

2.  Charles,  present  Peer. 

3.  John^  bom  August  26th,  1^48^  died  young. 

4.  Shovel,  born  October  21st,  1757,  died  young.    And, 

5c  Jacob,  D.D.  born  Febraary  28th,  1759;  Canon  of  Windsor, 
|ind  Prebendary  of  Rochester,  married,  June  28th,  1784,  to  Mias 
Bullock,  and  has  issue. 

Also  £ve  daughters;  1.  Priscilla,  born  December  20th,  174^1; 
cBed  May  2d,  1804.  2.  Elizabeth,  bom  February  9th,  1751. 
3.  Frances,  bom  April  2d,  1755.  4.  Harriot,  who  died  young. 
And,  5.  Charlotte,  bom  November  12th,  1761 ;  married',  July  5th, 
1792,  John  Coker,  Esq.  of  Oxfordshire,  and  died  January  14th» 
17&4. 

His  Lordship  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  surviving  son, 

Chablbs,  prtseni  and  fibst  Eabl  of  Romvbt,  and  thibo 


SARIi  OP  fiOBlNEY.  487 

J3ABON  RoMNBT>  boTD  September  28th^  1744.  Id  1766,  his 
Lordabip  was  elected  M.P.  £or  Maidstone ^  an4  in  1774,  IJBO, 
1784>  for  the  ooanty  of  Kent  j  in  which  situation  be  distinguished 
himself  by  lus  independence  and  attention  to  business. 

On  August  1st,  1799,  his  Lordship  entertained  the  King^  and 
all  the  Kentish  yolunteers,  amounting  to  nearly  6000*  who  weie 
then  renewed  by  his  Majesty^  at  his  park  of  the  Mote^  near  Maid- 
stone. 

On  June  22d9 1801,  his  Lordship  was  advanced  to  the  dignities 
of  Viscount  Ma«6Ham»  and  Earl  op  Romhkt;  previous  to 
which  he  had  been  appointed  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Kent,  as  suo- 
cesser  to  the  Doke  of  Dorset.  Which  situation  he  resigped  in 
1808,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Earl  Camden. 

IJis  Lordship  married,  August  30th,  1776,  Lady  Fnmces  Wynd- 
haiT),  sister  to  George,  Earl  of  Egrcmont  j  and  by  her^  who  died 
January  I4th,  1795,  has  had  issue, 

1.  Charles,  Viscount  MarAam,  born  November  22d,  1777, 
M.  P.  for  Hythe,  1798,  and  I8O6,  and  for  Downton,  1802;  mar- 
ried, September  gth,  I8O6,  the  sole  daughter  and  heir  of  William 
Morton  Pitt,  Esq.  of  Dorsetshire,  M.  P.  by  whom  he  has  a  daugh- 
ter, born  in  August,  I8O7,  and  a  son,  born  July  3l8t,  1808. 

2.  Lady  Fiances,  bom  in  November,  1778  j  married,  Angutt 
I7tb,  1805,  Sir  John  Buchanan  Riddel,  Bart,  of  Scotland. 

3.  Lady  Harriot. 

4.  Lady  Amelia-Charlotte. 

Titles.  Charles  Marsham,  Earl  of  Romncy,  Viscount  Marsham, 
Baron  Roroney,  and  a  Baronet. 

Creations.  Baronet,  12th.  August,  1663,  15  Car.  II.  j  Baron 
of  Romney,  25th  June,  1716,  2  George  I.j  and  Viscount  Mar- 
sham,  and  Earl  of  Romney,  22d  June,  1801,  41  George  III. 

Arm$,    Argent,  a  lion  passant  in  bend.  Gules,  between  two 

bendlets.  Azure. 

Crest.    On  a  wreath,  a  lion's  head  erased.  Gules. 

Supporters.  Two  lions,  Azure,  semde  of  cross  crosslets,  and 
ducally  gorged.  Or. 

Motto.      NON    SIBI,   SEI>   PATRIJB. 

Chief  Seat.  The  Mote,  near  Maidstone,  lately  rebuilt,  on  a 
new  Bcite  in  the  park. 


PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAKO- 


'    PELHAM,  EARL  OF  CHICHESTER. 

The  aurname  of  Pbi.hau  wdr  iHkop  from  a  lordtbip  so  called  iq 
Hertfordshire,  where  anciently  was  a  castle,*  the  owner  of  which, 
in  1^5,  was  amerced  40l.  for  a  coDtempt  in  not  coming  to  an 
inquest  to  be  taken  concerning  a  trespass  of  the  mint.  TTus 
lordibip  of  Pelham  is  recorded  to  be  part  of  the  possessions  of 
Walter  6e  Pelham,  in  2J  Edward  I.  and  it  is  probable,  his  an- 
cestors possessed  it  before  the  conquest;  for,  in  Doomadaj-Bocdc 
it  appears,  that  Ralph  held,  of  the  Bishop  of  London,  two  bide* 
and  a  half  in  Pelham,''  the  posseisioo  of  tvq  Tbanesj  one  undef 
the  protectioQ  of  Anschil  Warss,  and  the  other  of  Godwine  B^ 
nefell,  in  the  reign  of  Edward  the  Confetwr.  Also  after  tiiin  was 
another  Ralph  de  Pelham,  wlio  held,  of  the  Bishop  of  London,  a 
Knight's  fee,  in  the  same  count/  of  Hertford,  as  ia  evident  from 
the  certificates  of  Knights  fees  in  the  reign  of  Heory  U.'  and 
Jordan  de  Pelham,  his  son,  t>eld  it  in  the  reign  of  King  John,  It 
also  appears,  that  the  Pelicam^  the  armt  0/  thif  famih/,  vere 
painted  in  the  charch  of  Pelham. 

Xhe  tiefore-men tinned  W^LTsa  de  Pelham  died  seised  of  the 
said  manor  of  Pelham,  also  ''  the  manor  of  Cottcnham,  in  Kent, 
and  the  manor  of  Twinsted,  in  Essex,  in  12g2,  and  left  Williun, 
bis  son  and  heir,  upwards  of  the  age  of  fifteen  yearsj  as  also  Wal- 
ter de  Pelham,  second  son. 

The  said  William  de  Pelham,  an4  Margery  bis  wifi;>  ii|  38 

■  MiddK'i  HiakofchcEichcqacT,  p.  39;,  tc  MeOionnd.  in  Scic.  ^  Hen.  III. 
Rat.  19,  in  CempoC  Vic.  Enn  ic  Hen. 

^  Chiuncey't  Hilt.  0/  HertfardshlrCi  p.  140. 

*  XiStMnmite^toA.D.  tfiji,  per  Joh.  PbiipotSoBKiMt  FmuI. 

'  Ek.  11  Edwin)  I.  No.  39. 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  489^ 

$dward  I.  delivered  seiun  to  Jobn^  son  of  Richard  de  nesingho^^ 
of  forty  acres  of  land,  three  acres  of  meadow>  14d.  rent^  and  two 
parts  of  a  messaage,  lying  within  Wellinghale,  and  Rokele^  and 
died  without  issue. 

Waltbb  de  Pelham^  his  brother/  had  a  confirmation  grant 
from  William  le  Hupere>  of  one  messuage,  with  gardens^  pastures^ 
&c.  in  the  parish  of  Heylesham»  in  Sussex^  and  one  messuage  at 
Escetnne,  with  lands,  &c.  extending  from  Heylesham  to  Horsye; 
as  also  the  lands  of  the  Eagle,  and  one  piece  of  land,  with  wood 
and  meadow,  called  Stony-Land,  and  one  piece  of  wood  called 
Hedge-grove,  one  parcel  of  land  called  West^Field,  and  others 
called  Stoke,  and  Hamme;  the  said  Walter,  his  heirs  and  assigns, 
to  hold  them  in  capite,  paying  fifteen-pence  halfpenny  annual 
lent;  which  William  le  Mass,  Nicholas  Aupey,  Nicholas  Wygge, 
Margery  Wareman^  Henry  de  Gariondo,  Gilbert  de  Berewyke, 
and  their  predecessors  paid :  dated  at  Heylesham,  the  3d  of  the 
nones  of  August,  in  28  Edward  I.  When  this  Walter  died,  I  da 
not  find,  but  Thomas  de  Felham,s  his  son  and  heir,  was  a  witness 
to  a  deed  without  date,  of  Lawrence  Lecole,  concerning  lands  in 
the  parish  of  Waldern,  and  was  living  in  2  Edward  IL  as  ap«l 
pears  by  another  deed.  And  in  that  reign,  was  John  de  Pelham, 
of  whom  Humphry  Stracy  complains,  in  a  petition  to  the  parlia- 
ment, in  1320,^  that  he  had  divers  goods,  &c.  for  the  King's  use,, 
and  that  no  payment  had  been  made  for  them;  and  praying  relief, 
it  was  ordered.  That  a  writ  be  granted  to  the  Steward  and  Mar* 
shal  of  the  King's  household  to  do  him  justice. 

Another  Thomas  de  Pelham  (son  of  the  former,  as  Philpot, 
Somerset-herald,  asseyts),  is  mentioned  in  a  deed  dated  at  War-' 
bleton,  in  Sussex,  on  the  vigil  of  St.  Philip  and  St.  James,  in  334C>, 
and  left  i8s,ue  a  son,  John  de  Pelham. 

W'^hich  John  was  a  person  of  great  fame  in  the  reign  of  Ed* 
ward  UI«  and  in  memory  of  his  valiant  acts,  his  figure  in  armour, 
with  the  arms  of  the  family  on  his  breast,^  was  painted  in  glass, 
in  the  chapter-house  at  Canterbury,  being  (it  is  probable),  a  be- 
nefactor to  the  cathedral,  or  was  buried  there.  He  attended  that 
Tiptorious  monarch  iii  his  wars  with  the  French,  and  was  a  com* 
petitor  in  taking  John,  King  of  France,  prisoner,  at  the  battle  of 
Fpicticrs,  in  1356.    Froyssart^  gives  an  account,  that  with  the 

9  Aisixae  in  divenit  Comiut.  An.  28  &  29  Edward  I.  Rot.  3. 

f  £x  EvidcD.  In  Stemmate  pned.  E  Ibid. 

^  Rylej*t  Piacita  Parliament,  p.  421. 

*  la  Evidcfl*  in  Stem.  prxd.  ^  Chronicle,  Chap.  1(4. 


4flO 


PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 


King  were  takoD,  besidet  his  soo,  Fbilipi  the  Earl  of  Taakenrille^ 
Sir  Jaqoes  of  Bourbon^  the  Earls  of  PoDtlueu»  and  Eoe^  wiah  dt- 
Ten  other  noblemen^  who  being  chased  to  PcHctieny  the  town 
shut  their  gates  against  them,  not  sufiering  any  to  enter;  so  that 
divers  were  slain,  and  every  Englishman  had  four,  five,  or  ux 
prisoners;  and  tlie  press  being  great  to  take  the  King*  snch  as 
knew  him>  cried.  Sir,  yield,  or  you  are  dead:  whereupon,  as  the 
Chronicle  relates,  he  yielded  himself  to  Sir  Dennis  Morbeck,  a 
Knight  of  Artois,  in  the  English  service,  and  being  afterwards 
fi>rced  from  him,  more  than  ten  Knights  and  Esquires  challenged 
the  taking  of  the  King.  Among  these.  Sir  Roger  la  Warr,  and 
the  before-mentioned  John  de  Pelham,  were  most  ootioenied;  and 
in  memory  of  so  signal  an  action,  and  the  King's  sorxendering  hu 
sword  to  them.  Sir  Roger  la  Warr,  Lord  la  Warr,>  had  the  cram- 
pet,  or  cha^  of  his  sword,  for  a  badge  of  that  honour;  and  John 
de  Pelham  (afterwards  knighted),  had  the  "*  buckle  of  a  belt,  as  a 
ooark  of  the  same  honour,  which  was  sometimes  used  by  his  de* 
scendants  as  a  seaUmannal,  and  at  others  the  said  buckles  oo 
each  side  a  cage;  being  an  emblem  of  the  captivity  of  the  said 
King  of  France,  and  was  therefore  borne  for  a  crest;  as  in  those 
times  was  tustomary.  The  buckles,  &:c.  were  likewise  used  by 
his  descendants,  in  their  great  seals,  as  is  evident  from  several  of 
them  appendant  to  old  deeds. 

The  said  John  de  Pelham  was  so  well  esteemed  by  John  de 
Vere,  Earl  of  Oxford  (who  was  also*^  at  the  battle  of  Poictien), 
that  he  constituted  him**  one  of  the  executors  of  bis  last  will  and 
testament,  dated  atBentley,  in  Essex,  on  Friday,  the  feast  of  All- 
Saints,  in  33  Edward  III.  Likewise,  for  bis  prudence,  valoor, 
and  fidelity,  John  of  Gaunt,  Duke  of  Lancaster,  chose  him  one 
of  his  P Esquires;  and  attending  him  in  his  wars,  the  honour  of 
knighthood  was  conferred  on  him  ^  before  the  43d  of  Edward  HI. 
for  July  2gth,  that  year,  ISQg,  Sir  John  Suttmi,  Knight,  and 
Tlioraas  Teuwe,  constituted  Sir  John  Pe)ham,  Knight,  their  at- 
torney, to  deliver  seisin  of  the  manor  of  Langhton,  and  hnndrrd 
of  Sbiplake,  in  the  county  of  Sussex,  to  Thomas  de  Vere,  Earl  of 
Oxford,  and  Chamberlain  of  England.    AVilliam  Witelaey,  Arch- 

1  Leigh*s  Accedence  of  Armoyre,  1576,  fd.  51. 
"*  £x  Script,  prxf.  Job.  Philpot.  ^  Tho.  Walt.  p.  162.  n.  jo. 

«  Ex  Regist.  vocat.  Iilip.  p.  159,  6  in  Offic.Princip.  Cantuar.  apnd  Lambecb. 
P  Vis.  de  Com.  Suss,  per  J.  Philpot,  Somerset,  in Bibl.  Harief,  Not.  65.  B.  to. 
p.6x. 

%  Ex  Eviden.  hojas  Famt  in  Stemmate  praed* 


EARL  OP  CHICHESTER/  491 

bishop  of  Canterbury,  on  March  8th^  1379-80,  ordains  his  best 
beloved  Knight,  John  de  Pelham,  master  and  surveyor  of  his 
whole  demesnes,  woods,  and  fisheries,  in  the  bailyship  of  Stone- 
ham,  with  full  power  to  punish  all  male&ctors,  and  others,  acting 
contrary  to  custom,  and  the  peace  of  the  realm.  Sir  John  had 
certain  lands  and  houses  in  Winchelsea,  in  marriage  with  'Joan, 
daughter  to  Vincent  Herbert,  alias  Finch,  ancestor  to  the  present 
Earl  of  Winchelsea  and  Nottingham,  and  was  succeeded  by  a  son  . 
of  his  own  name, 

John  de  Pelbam,  who  was  no  less  famous  than  his  father,  for 
his  many  great  achievements  and  honourable  exploits,  being,  from 
his  youth,  in  the  service  of  Henry  of  Bolingbroke,  Earl  of  Derby 
(son  of  the  before-mentioned  Duke  of  Lancaster),  afterwards  King 
of  England,  by  the  name  of  Henry  IV.    Which  Duke  of  Lan- 
caster, in  17  Richard  IL   Knowing  and  confiding  in  the  loyalty 
and  discretion  of  his  most  dear,  and  weU- beloved,  John  Pel  ham,* 
Esquire^  to  his  said  son,  grants  to  him  the  office  of  Constable  of 
his  castle  of  Pevensey,  during  life,  with  the  fees,  wages,  &c. 
thereto  belonging  >  given  under  his  seal,  in  the  castle  of  Hertford, 
December  7th,  in  the  aforesaid  year.    He  was  also  Esquire  to  the 
Duke  of  Lancaster  himself,^  as  appears  by  indenture  made  be- 
tween them,  bearing  date  at  London,  February  l6th,  wherein  he 
had  a  grant  from  the  said  Duke,  of  all  his  lands  in  the  marshes 
of  Pevensey,  with  the  lands,  tenements,  messuages,  &c.  thereto 
belonging ;  and,  it  is  probable,  that  he  attended  the  Duke  into 
France  and  Gasccngne,  on  his  being  with  *■  King  Richard,  at  his 
meeting  with  Charles  VI.  King  of  France,  at  Guynes,  in  October 
1396$'  for  the  said  John  Pelham  constitutes  John  CoUebrond,  of 
Borham}  John  Sqwycr,  of  Pevensey  5  and  John  Master,  of  West- 
ham,  his  attornies,  to  receive  and  pay  for  him,  in  his  name,  and 
take  the  rents  of  all  his  lands  in  Sussex,  by  deed  dated  at  Pevensey, 
pn  the  feast  of  St.  Matthew  the  Apostle,  that  year,  20  Richard  II. 
whereunto  was  his  seal  appendant,  quarterly  three  Pelicans,, and 
ft  Fess  between  two  Chevrons, 

About  two  years  after,  when  the  discontented  Nobility,  Grentry, 
and  Commons  of  the  nation,  invited  Henry,  Duke  of  Lancaster, 
from  his  banishment,  in  order  to  the  deposal  of  King  Richard, 
this  John  Pelham  stood  firm  to  his  old  mastery  and  landing  with 
him  at  Ravenspur,  in  Yorkshire^  July  4th,  1399,  attended  on  him 

'  Ex  Stemmate  Se  MS.  de Famil.  de  Finch.  s  Ex  Orig.  Patx 7.  R. II. 

t  Ex  cop.  Origin,  per  J.  Philpot.  «  Tbo.  Waiting,  388.  No.  4. 

K  Ex  Cop.  Origin.  pmd«. 


4ffl.  PSfiAAGE  OF  £NGLANa 

till  he  obtained  the  crown,  September  2gih,  that  year;  »8  it  evi* 
dent  from  the  following  letter  (the  original  of  which  wm  in  the 
possession  of  bis  Grace  tbe  late  Duke  of  Newcastle),  of  bis  Ladj 
to  him^  July  2^th,  from  PeveoKy-castle^  which  she  bravely  dc« 
fended  in  the  absence  of  her  Lord. 

'*  My  dere  Lord,  I  reoommande  me  to  yowr  hie  Lordescbipp. 
wyth  hert  and  body  and  all  my  pore  mygth,  and  wyth  all  thia  I 
think  zovr,  as  my  dere  Lorde,  derest  and  best  yloved  off  alL 
erthlyche  Lordes;  I  say  for  me,  and  thanke  ybow  my  dere  Lord, 
with  all  tbys  that  I  say  before^  off  your  comfortable  lettre,  that 
ze  send  me  from  Pownefraite,  that  com  to  roe  on  Mary  Magda* 
leyn  dayi  ffor  by  my  trowth  I  was  never  so  gladd  as  when  1  herd 
by  your  lettre,  that  ye  warr  stronge  ynogh  wyth  the  grace  off 
God,  for  to  kepe  yow  fro  the  malyce  of  your  enoemys.  And 
dere  Lord  iff  it  lyk  to  your  hyee  Lorde&cbipp  that  als  son  ala  yc 
mycbt,  that  I  myght  her  off  your  gracious  spede,  whyche  Grod 
Allmyghty  contynue  and  eiicresse.  And  my  dere  Lord  iff  it  lyk 
990W  for  to  know  off  my  ffare,  lam  here  by  layd  in  manner  off  a 
segCji  with  the  counte  of  Sussex,  Sudray,  and  a  great  parcyll  off 
KenttCi  so  that  lue  may  noght  out,  nor  none  vltayles  gette  me, 
bot  w^  mycbe  bard,  Wharfore  my  dere  iff  it  lyk  zow^  by  the 
awyse  off  zowr  wyse  counsel!,  for  to  sett  remedye  off  the  salvation 
off  y bower  castell,  and  w^  stand  the  malyce  off  ther  schires  fore* 
sayde.  And  also  that  ye  be  fuUycbe  enformed  off  there  grett 
malyce  wyrkers  In  these  schyres,  whyche  y^  haffts  so  dispytffbly 
wrogth  to  zow,  and  to  zowr  castell,  to  yhowr  men,  and  to  zour 
tenaunts  ffore  this  cuntree,  have  yai  wastede  for  a  gret  wbyle. 
Fare  wele  my  dere  Lorde,  the  Holy  Trinyte  zow  kepe  fh>  zowr 
ennemys,  and  son  send  me  gud  tythyngs  off  yhow.  Ywrylep  at 
Pevensay  in  the  castell,  on  Saynt  Jacobe  day  last  past. 

By  yhowr  awnn  pore 
Thus  directed  J.  Pelham. 

To  my  trew  Lorde. 

Which  service  y  is  recited  in  the  patent  of  King  Henry  IV. 
dated  at  Westminster,  February  12th,  1400;  and  in  consideration 
thereof,  his  Majesty  granted  to  him^  and  his  heirs  male,  the  oflBce 
of  Constable  of  the  castle  of  Pevensey,  with  ^e  honour  of  the 
Eagles  and  all  those  his  manors^  lands,  tenements^  rents,  services, 

-     y  Pit.  I  Henry  IV.  ex  Script.  J.  Philpot. 


EA^L  OF  CHICHESTER.  j4g^ 

fccs;  chaGCS^  parks,  warrens,  mills,  rivers,  fisheries,  &c.  as  also 
all  perquisites  of  courts  of  the  hundred,  heriots,  reliefs,  escheats, 
franchises,  returns  of  writs,  issues,  fines,  and  felons,  &c.  and  all 
other  the  profits  whatsoever,  and  franchises  of  the  Cinque-ports, 
within  the  rape  of  Pcvcnsey  ^  which  was  ratified,  and  confirmed, 
by  letters  patent,  bearing  date  July  1st,  following.    He  was  also 
created  *  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  Bath,  October  I3th,  1399,  at 
the  coronation  of  that  monarch,  fTho,  being  moved  of  his  special 
grace,  and  in  good  consideraiim  of  the  grateful  services  of  his  he^ 
loved  and  faitl^ful  Knighi,  John  Pclham,  heretofore  done  (as  the 
words  of  the  patent  import),  grants  to  him,*  for  term  of  his  life, 
the  honour  of  bearing  the  royal  sword  before  him,  in  all  places, 
and  at  all  times  requisite  ^  dated  at  Westminster,  October  24th 
1399*    In  the  same  year,  he  served  in  parliament  with  John  de 
Preston,^  as  Knights  for  the  county  of  Sussex  j  and  in  commemo- 
ration of  the  action  of  his  father,  in  .taking  the  King  of  France 
prisoner,  he  used  for  a  sign  manual,  the  Ritchie  of  a  Belt,  and  00 
each  side  thereof,  the  letters  J.  P.  as  is  evident  from  his  seal  to  an 
acquittance  to  Thomas  la  Warr,  given  at  Pevensey,  7  Julii,  1400. 
The  next  year  he«  was  Sheriff  of  Sussex,  which,  in  those  days, 
was  a  post  of  great  power  and  trust:^  also  in  1402,  he  and  Sir 
Henry  Hussey,  were  elected  Knights  for  the  said  county,  in  the 
parliament  then  held;  and  for  their  attendance  had  21 1.  2s.  aU 
lowed  them  for  their  expences.    In  the  same  year,  he  was  in 
Commission  «  with  Sir  Thomas  Erpingham,  Constable  of  Dover- 
castle,  the  Prior  of  Michelham,  William  Fenys,  and  William  Ma- 
kenade,  for  the  view  and  repair  of  the  banks  in  Pevensey-Marsh, 
betwixt  Bixle  and  Bechief,  and  to  perform  all  things  therein,  ac-* 
cording  to  the  custom  of  that  marsh,  as  of  the  marsh  of  Romney, 
and  the  law  and  custom  of  the  realm. 

Whereupon  the  said  John  de  Pelham,  the  said  Prior,  and  Wil- 
liam Makenade,*^  went  unto  Westham,  in  the  parish  of  I^yeosey, 
upon  Friday  before  the  feast  of  St.  Gregory,  March  12th,  by  the 
consent  of  the  lords  of  the  towns,  the  bailiffs,  and  the  twelve 
jurats  (otherwise  called  skawers),  and  of  the  commons  of  the  said 
marsh,  and  ordained  statutes  for  the  due  governance  of  the  said 
marsh,  and  salvation  thereof  in  the  time  to  come.  In  5  HeniylV^  ^ 

s  HoUiiisbed*s  Chroo.  Vol*  III.  ?•  ^xi.  a  Ex  Orin. 

>  Piyn't  Brem  Pari.  p.  91.  c  Fuller's  Worthies,  in  com.  Sussex. 

4  Pryn's  Fourth  Pirt  of  t  brief  Register,  p.  458. 

«  Pat.  3  Henry  IV.  p.  i.  M.  %6, 

f  Dufdile'i  History  of  Imbukiog  and  Prainlng,  p.  95. 


49i  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

being  Constable  and  Governor  of  Pevensey-catUe^  'tbe  bugt 
from  Coventiy,  December  gth,  writes  to  him.  That  the  Connt  de 
St  P^ul  is  on  the  seas,  and  near  the  Isle  of  Wight;  with  a  great 
force,  in  order  to  invade  his  kingdom,  and  therefore  desires  him 
to  oppose  him  with  what  forces  he  could  raise.  In  that  year  he 
obtained,  for  his  services,  a  grant  of  the  manor  of  Canndisb* 
Grey,  in  com.  Saff.  and  being  retomed  to  parliament  with  Sir 
Robert  Leuknore,  as  Knights  for  Sussex,  had  28L  88.  allowed 
them  for  seventy-one  dajrs  attendance. 

On  the  feast  of  St.  Michael,  the  same  year,  a  rent-roll  was  made 
of  his  estate  and  offices,  which  still  remains  among  the  evidences 
of  die  family;  and  forasmuch  as  it  shews  the  annual  income  of 
the  several  manors,  lordships,  and  offices  he  possessed,  wherehf 
the  rents  and  value  of  lands,  at  that  time,  may  in  some  sort  be 
discerned,  a  true  copy  of  the  roll  is  here  inserted. 

The  Value  of  the  Manors  of  Sir  John  Pblham,  Knight;  taken 
on  the  feast  of  St.  Michael,  in  1403,  5  Henry  IV. 

Pevense,  valor  Wm  cum  stauro  xx.  — -         — * 

PortremiSf  valor*  ib*m  hoc  anno 

BaUium  Porte  Casiri  valor'  dieti  Qffici  hoc 
anno       —  —  — .  _ 

Srforde  valor*  ih'm  hoc  anno 

Bourne  valor"  iVm  hoc  anno 

Orynstead         ^ 

Arerto  de  Ashedoune 

Mare^ld 

WyUingdon 

Ballwa  de  Culnewyke 

Feodar*  valor*  dkti  Qfficu  hoc  anno 

Idiughion  valor*  tfrn  hoc  anno 

c  Rjmei^s  Fcedera,  Vol.  Vlll.  p.  343. 


L. 

8. 

o. 

XZXIII 

IX 

Tl 

.     ^' 

1. 

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IX 

ml 

L. 

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s. 

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1111,1111 

XII 

Ill 

L. 

XII 

L4 

G. 

— 

^M 

KARL  OF  CHICHE8TBR. 


405 


Caundycke 

Trevere 

Swansea 

Wyihiam 

Hampmes 

Pdham 

Peuenesel  _^  ^^ 

Bartlois  J 

Syrlyng  valor*  iVm  cum  stauro  Uni 

JBockstede  valor*  iF  hoc  anno 

Hydonege 

Rapa  de  1  valor*  Manior*  dkti  Domini  ut ) 
Hastyng  3     p*iicularit* '  patei  inferius  —  3 

Burgherre  valor*  %h*m  hoc  anno 

BtnyJham 

Crowhurst 

%«^| } '^«*^* ''«'*  Q^'^  Ao' «««» } 

Meceptoria  valor*  dicti  Officii  hoc  anno 

Rape  de  Hasiyns  (Sfl  ___  ^^ 

mior*  Manior*  D*m  3 

dcester  defeod*  firma  ih*  per  ann* 

Drayton  valor*  ih*  per  anm 


Sum  Dktorum  Jlianeriorum 


XXX 

LX^IX 

L. 
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XXX^f 

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nil 


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!>• 

D^ccc^Lxx  y 

Ill 

In  6  Heniy  IV.  serving  in  parliament  with  Sir  John  Dalyn- 
gmgge,  88  Knight8  for  Sosaex,  they  had  181.  188.  for^  their  ex- 
penses, in  attending  forty-six  days;  and  was  in  ^ 


t)miii 


^  Rymcr*!  F«dera»  Vol.  VUI.  p.  403. 


406  PEEBAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

July  2d,  the  same  jear^  to  array  all  men  at  arms,  archers,  azid 
other  defensible  men  in  the  coanty  of  Snssex,  to  defend  ^e  ccMist^ 
or  attend  the  King  into  Picardy  against  the  French. 

It  is  likewise  to  his  honour,  that  he  petitioned  the  porlhrneilt, 
8  Henry  IVJ  praying,  TheU  certain  auditors  might  be  appointed 
and  assigned^  to  take  his  accounts  as  treasurer  of  war,  and  to 
make  him  due/dUnvance;  and  thai  upon  the  same  account,  he.  Us 
heirs,  and  land*  tenants,  might  be  clearly  discharged:  which  was 
agreed  to,  and  anditort  were  assigned  accordingly.  He  sat  in 
that  parliament,  as  Knight  of  the  shire  for  Sussex,  and  with  Sir 
John  Dalyngrugge,''  the  other  Knight,  had  for  their  expenses 
681.  8  s.  for  one  hundred  and  seventy-one  da3rs  attendance. 

In  9  Henry  IV.  he  was  constituted  Chief-butler  of  the  poirt  of 
Chichester,*  and  of  all  and  singular  the  ports  in  the  coanty  of 
Sussex;  and  the  same  year  he  was  again  returned  with  Sir  John 
Dalyngrugge,™  as  Knights  for  the  county  of  Sussex,  to  the  par- 
liament held  at  Gloucester,  where  .they  attended  fifty-six  days, 
and  had  l2l.  8  s.  for  their  expences.  Two  years  after  this,  the 
King  having  experienced  his  fidelity,  commits,^  in  consideration 
of  the  good  qualities  of  his  beloved  and  faithful  Knight,  Sir  John 
Pelham,  the  keeping  of  Edmund,  Earl  of  March,  and  his  brother, 
sons  of  Roger,  Earl  of  March,  who  had  been  declared  heir  appa* 
rent  of  the  crown,  to  him: 

On  November  I2th,  1412,  he  had,  in  <^  consideration  of  his 
good  and  faithful  services,  a  grant  of  the  manors  of  Crowehurst, 
Burwash,  and  Benylham,  with  tbe  appurtenancesj  as  also  the 
rape  of  Hastings,  in  Sussex,  with  all  franchises,  &c.  in  as  full  and 
ample  manner,  as  John,  Duke  of  Britain,  and  his  ancestors,  en- 
joyed them,  or  the  King's  dear  father,  John,  Duke  of  Lancaster* 
deceased.  He  was  also  one  of  the  executors  and  administrators' 
of  the  last  will  and  testament  of  Henry  IV.  and  intrusted  to  be* 
stow  divers  sums  on  the  poor,  and  do  other  pious  works  for  the 
health  of  the  soul  of  that  King;  and  also  to  satisfy  his  creditocB. 

This  Sir  John  Pelbam  was  likewise  in  the  highest  fiivoor  with 
Henry  V.  who  chose  men  of  great  worth  for  his  counsellors;  and 
it  is  said  of  him.  That  every  day  cfter  dinner,  he  used,  for  the 
space  of  an  hour^  to  receive  petitions  qf  the  oppressed,  and  wiik 

1  Rot.  Ptf.  8  Henry  IV.  Sc  CottoD*t  Rwordt,  p.  454,  4.56. 

^  Pryii*8  Fourth  Part  of  t  Brief  Reg.  p.  480. 
I  Pat.  9  Henry  IV.  p.  1,  n.  31.  n  Pryn,  p.  487. 

n  Pat.  1 1  Henry  IV.  p.  i,  0.  15. 
•  Cart.  Orig.  penet  D.  T.  WcbtUr^  Bart.  P  Kfmu,  Ton.  IX.  p  f. 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  ^ 

great  equity  redress  their  grievances.  He  was  particularly  sura- 
moDcd  to  attend  at  his  coronation  among  the  Privy-counsellors, 
April  9th,  1413,  and  had  robes  of  scarlet  assigned  him  out  of  the 
royal  wardrobe.  And  in  the  first  year  of  his  reign,  in  considera- 
iioH  of  the  circumspection,  Jidxlity,  and  industry  of  his  behved  and 
faithful  counsellor,'^  Sir  John  Pelham,  Knight,  he  constitutes  him 
one  of  bis  Ambassadors  to  treat  of  a  peace,  and  to  conclude  a 
marriage  between  him  and  the  princess  Catharine,  daughter  to 
Charles  VI.  the  French  King,  on  a  solemn  embassy  sent  into 
England  by  that  monarch,  to  offer  peace,  and,  to  bind  it  more 
firm,  to  give  bis  said  daughter  in  marriage.  These  affairs  were 
in  agitation  '  in  2  Henry  V.  when  he  had  the  King's  safe  conduct, 
being  appointed  to  go  over  to  France  with  other  counsellors,  to  treat 
about  the  said  marriage,  &c.  And  in  the  same  year,  the  King 
granted  to  him  •  the  guardianship  and  government  of  King  James  I. 
of  Scotland,  with  an  allowance  of  7001.  per  ami,  for  his  diet,  and 
to  find  him  in  all  necessaries,  in  such  place  or  places  as  should 
be  agreed  on  by  his  Majesty's  council,  and  the  said  Sir  John  Pel- 
ham;  the  said  700I.  per  ann.  to  be  paid  quarterly.  And  it  is  re- 
corded to  the  honour  of  the  King,  and  Sir  John  Pelham,  his  go- 
vernor, that  he  had  such  perfect  instructors^  to  teach  him,  as  well 
the  understanding  of  tongues,  as  the  sciences^  that  he  became  right 
expert,  and  cunning,  in  every  of  them.  He  was  taught  a/so  to 
ride,  to  run  at  the  tilt,  and  handle  all  Hnd  of  weapons,  convem^ 
ently  to  be  used  of  such  a  personage  $  whereunto  he  was  so  apt  and, 
ready,  that  few,  in  any  point  of  activity,  might  overmatch  him. 
He  had  good  knowledge  in  music,  and  could  play  on  sundry  in- 
struments right  perfectly.  To^  be  brief,  it  appeared  in  all  his  be- 
haviour and  manners,  in  what  company  soever  he  came,  that  his 
bringing  up  had  been  according  to  his  nature,  neither  of  them 
differing  from  his  birth,  and  the  quality  of  a  noble  and  most  vir- 
tuous Prince. 

That  he  had  gteat  interest  In  the  King,  and  was  highly  esteemed 
by  the  most  potent  Peers  of  the  realm,  is  very  evident  j  for  in  the 
said  year,  John  I.  King- of  Portugal,  styling  him,  noble  and  pru-^ 
dent,  and  well  knowing  his  noble  qualities,  desires  him  (by  letter 
dated  the  }6th  of  September^,  to  shew  the  Lady  Beatrix,  his 
daughter  (being  deprived  of  her  husband,  the  Earl  o/*  Arundel),. 
the  same  favour  and  affection  he  had  before  shewed  to  her,  which 

^  Rymer,  Tom.  IX.  p.  131,  13a.  r  ibid.  Tom.  p.  I4l>  x^i,  209. 

•  Pat.  %  Henry  V.  p.  3«  id.  9.  *  HoUinshcd's  Chron.  Vol.  I.  p.  356. 

VOL.  V.  iTL 


49S  PEERilGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

ke  should  obtNUfs  gnUefiMf  acimawledge.  He  was  also  in  Ho  lest 
esteem  with  Tbomasy  Dake  of  Clarence,  the  King's  bn>thcr>  than 
he  was  with  Henij  iV.  hb  father;  for  that  doke  making  his 
last  will  and  testament,  dated  July  10th,  1417,  nominated  him^ 
the  first  of  bis  execntors,  with  the  Lady  Margaret  his  wife,  and 
others.  The  same  year,  he  waited  on  that  warlike  Prince,  in  his 
expedition  into  France,  when,  after  taking  several  towns,*  they 
began  the  siege  of  Rohan,  Joly  30th,  14 IS,  which  was  so  boldly 
defended  by  the  citizens,  who  were  above  200,000  men  (and  had 
sworn,  never  to  resign  the  dty,  as  long  as  they  could  hold  swords 
in  their  handsj,  that  they  did  not  surrender  till  January  IQth  foU 
lowing,  when  they  were  reduced  by  famine,  whereof  50,000  had 
died.  Whilst  he  was  at  this  siege  of  Rohan,  the  King  committed 
to  his  custody  his  mother-in-law.  Queen  Joan^  who  was  arrested 
by  the  Duke  of  Bedford,  the  King's  Lieutenant  in  his  absence,^ 
and  committed  to  the  castle  of  l>eds,  there  to  abide  the  King  s 
pleasure,  being  accused  of  conspiring  with  friar  Randall,  her  con- 
fessor, by  sorcery  and  necromancy,  to  destroy  the  King.  And 
she  being  ordered  into  Sir  John  Pelham*s  custody,*  he  appointed 
nine  servants  to  attend  her,  and  to  bring  her  to  his  castle  of 
Pevensey. 

In  the  8th  year  of  Henry  V.  he  and  Sir  John  Da]yogn^;ge  ■ 
served  again  in  parliament,  as  Knights  for  Sussex;  and  in  the  suc- 
ceeding year  he  was  commissbned,  with  Henry,  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury,  and  the  Sheriffs  of  Kent  and  Sussex,  to  ^  borrow  and 
receive  such  sums  of  money  as  should  be  lent  the  King  in  the 
•aid  counties,  to  be  paid  into  the  treasury  before  May  8th.  After 
which  I  find  no  other  mention  made  of  him  in  this  xeign,^^  but 
that  he  was  likewise  one  of  the  executors  and  administrators  of 
the  wUl  of  Henry  V. 

In  the  reign  a£  King  Henry  VI.  he  was  also  at  the  head  of 
affairs,  and  no  less  trusted  by  Humphry,  Duke  of  Gloucester,  Pto 
tector  of  England,  during  the  minority  of  his  nephew,  Henry  VI, 
being  in  two  several  commissions^  for  the  view  and  repair  of  the 
banks  of  the  sea  coasts  in  Sussex;  and  served  in  parliament  for 

tt  Tcstam.  Tho.  Dacia  Cltren*  in  Regist.  Chichky,  p.  ^  fbl.  376^  In  BiU. 
Lambeth. 

s  Hairt  Chron.  f.  ^9,  b.  7  Hollinshed's  Chron.  Vol.  IL  p.  jd&. 

s  Stow's  Annili,  p.  35S.  a  Pryn*s  Brevia  BuliameAt. 

*  Rymcr,  Tom.  X.  p.  97, 
c  Tectam.  in  Regist.  Chichley,  p.  i ,  414, 4,1  j. 
^  Pat.  I  Henry  VI.  p.  i. 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER. 


496 


that  ^county,  with  Sir  Thomas  Leuknor^  in  the  first  year  of  that 
reigD.  Also  on  December  3d,  1423,  he,  with  others  of  the 
council/  were  appointed  Ambassadors  to  treat  with  the  Ambas* 
sadors  and  Governors  of  Scotland,  for  concluding  and  settling  a 
peace  between  both  realms.  Pursuant  to  which,  it  was  agreed 
between  them,  on  December  4tb,  that  James,  King  of  Scotland 
(who  had  been  <  prisoner  in  England  for  eighteen  years),  should 
be  set  at  liberty ,  on  the  payment  t9  the  King,  his  successors,  or 
those  he  should  appoint,  the  sum  of  forty  thousand  pounds  \  which 
agreement  was  confirmed  and  ratified,  April  5th,  1424,  and  the 
said  King,^^  and  all  his  Nobles,  were  bound  for  the  payment  of 
the  said  sum,  and  did  homage  in  these  words ;  /  James  Stuart^ 
King  o/'Scottes,  shal  be  true  and  faithful  unto  you,  Lorde  Henry 
by  the  Grace  of  God,  King  of  England  and  Fraunce,  the  noble  and 
superiour  Lorde  of  the  kingdame  of  Scotlande,  aiid  unto  you  I  make 
my  fidelitie  for  the  same  kyngdome  of  Scotlande,  whiche  I  holde 
and  claime  to  holde  qf  you;  and  I  shal  beare  you  my  faith  and 
fidelitie  of  tyfe  and  lymme,  and  worldly  honour  against  all  menj 
and  faithfully  I  shall  knowledge,  and  shal  do  to  you  service  due  of 
the  kingdome  of  Scotlande  aforesaid,  so  God  help  me  and  these 
holy  Evangelists. 

In  the  same  year,  to  a  charter  between  him>  Richard  Beau- 
champ.  Earl  of  Warwick;  Edmund  Mortimer,  Earl  of  March  $ 
and  others,  his  ^seal  of  arms,  appendant,  were  three  Pelicans, 
wounding  themselves  in  the  breast,  and  his  crest,  a  Peacock  in  his 
pride,  circumscribed^  Sigil,  Johannis  Pelham.  In  5  Henry  VI.  t 
be  was  elected  to  parliament  ^  for  the  county  of  Sussex.  In  7 
Henry  VI.  he  departed  this  Uife,  full  of  honour,  having  been  in 
the  highest  favour,  and  the  most  honourable  employmants,  under 
two  of  the  greatest  Monarchs  of  this  realm,  who  were  famed  for 
their  courage,  and  all  manly  virtues,  and  raised  the  glory  of  the 
English  nation  to  such  a  degree  as  never  to  be  forgot;  so  that  it 
must  be  owing  to  some  uncommon  instances  of  self-denial  that 
he  was  not  ranked  amongst  the  Peers.  His  piety  appears  fi'om 
his  grant  of  lands  and  tenements  in  Warbilton  to  the  convent  and 
priory  ^  of  the  church  of  the  Trinity,  in  Hastings,  for  the  build- 
ing a  new  church  and  convent  in  honour  of  the  Blessed  Trinity ; 

*  Pryn  pned.  p.  131*  ^  Rymcr^s  Foedera,  Tom.  X.  p.  301,  &  seq. 

f  Stow*8  Annal«,  p.  334.  ^  Rymer,  Tom.  X.  p.  301  to  30S. 

'  MS.  de  com.  Sussex,  in  BIbl.  Harley.  Not.  65.  D.  X.  p.  61. 

k  Pryn  piaei.  p.  131.  '  Esc,  7  Heiiiy  VI.  No.  ^6. 

»  Dttgdale's  Moaat:.  Angl*.  VjI.  II.  p.  ^4. 


#00  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

the  old  priorj  fi>aDded  by  Sir  Walter  Bisiet^  Knt.  being  reodeied 
nniDhabitable  by  the  inundation  of  the  lea.  He  likewise  granted 
thereto  lands  called  Tomor's  lands,  in  the  said  parish  of  WaibtU 
ton^  by  his  charter  "  dated  June  i2th,  in  5  Henry  V.  also  in  5 
Henry  VI.  he  lets  to  farm  to  the  said  <*  convent  his  manor  of  Fdr 
ham,  and  divers  other  lands,  whereby  he  was  reputed  the  Pfbundar 
of  that  prioiy  of  canons  regular  of  St.  Augastin^  and  bMame  th^ 

patron. 

By  his  last  will  and  testament,^  bearing  date  February  8th^ 
1428  g,  he  recommends  his  soul  to  the  blessed  and  glorious  Viipn 
Mary,  and  to  all  the  saints  of  heaven,  and  his  body  to  be  buried 
in  the  church  of  the  blessed  Virgin  Mary,  of  RobertVBridge 
(then  called  Rother-Bridge)^  in  Sussex.  He  bequeaths  to  sixteen 
of  his  servants,  6s.  6 d.  each,  and  constitutes  Joan  his  wife.  Sir 
John  Pclham,  Knt.  his  son.  Sir  John  Brown,  Knt.  and  William 
Burgoin,  Esq.  his  executors;  ordering  them  to  dispose  for  bis 
soul,  as  they  see  best  and  expedient,  according  to  their  discretions, 
and  as  they  wDl  answer  before  the  high  Judge,  in  the  great  day 
of  judgment. 

The  inquisition  taken  after  his  death,'  shews  that  he  died  four 
days  after  the  date  of  bis  will,  leaving  an  only  son  (by  his  wife/ 
Joan^  daughtt-r  of  Sir  John  Escures,  Knt.),  Sir  John  Pelham, 
before  mentioned,  and  a  daughter,  Agnes,  the  wife  of  John  Col- 
brond,  of  Boreham.  He  had  also  another  daughter,  Joan,  married 
to  Sir  John  Seynclere,  as  from  a  letter  of  his  to  him  appears,  writ- 
♦  ten  in  the  reign  of  Henry  V. 

Sir  JoHK  Pclham,  bis  only  son,  was  likewise  in  the  French  wan 
[n  the  reign  of  Henry  V.  as  is  evident  from  two  letters  to  bis  ft- 
ther,which  are  preserved  among  the  ancient  writings  of  the  feaiily, 
one  of  which  is  not  altogether  visible. 

In  1415,  his  father,^  by  his  charter,  dated  June  Sd^  grants  to 
him  the  office  of  Constable  of  Pevensey,  with  the  fees  and  w^es 
thereto  belonging,  which  (as  is  redted)  he  had  by  the  grant  of 
Henry  IV.  to  him,  and  his  heirs  male,  under  his  seal  of  the 
Duchy  of  Lancaster,  in  consideration  that  he^  the  said  John,  took 
the  same  by  a  strong  hand,  at  the  King's  last  arrival  in  England^ 
and  held  the  same  for  his  use$  to  which  grant  is  appendant  the 
seal  of  the  arms,  and  crest  of  the  family,  as  now  borne,  and  on 

n  Ctrt.  s  Henry  V.  o  Cirt.  5  Henry  VI. 

if  Speed's  Chron.  p.  8z3.b.  1  Ex  Regist.yocfltChichey  tpudt^am^ik. 

'  Sk.  7  Henry  VI.  n.  36.  •  Edmonson*!  Baron.  Gmcal* 

t  £z  ColL  Job.  Phiipot  pr«d. 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  ^oi 

«ch  side  of  the  helmet,  the  buckles  of  a  belt,  in  commemoration 
of  his  ancestor  faking  the  King  of  France  prisoner.     He  was 
Chamberlain «  of  the  Household  to  Henry  V's  consort,  who  in 
the  3d  of  Henry  VI.  styling  herself  Catharine,  Queen  of  England, 
wife  of  Henry  V.  daughter  of  Charles,  King  of  France,  and  mo- 
thcr  of  the  King  of  England,*  of  her  especial  grace  and  free-will, 
and  for  the  good  and  agreeable  service  of  her  best  beloved 
Knight,  Sir  John  Pelham,  and  Joan  de  Courcey  his  wife,  grants 
to  them,  for  their  better  maintenance  in  her  service,  fifty  marks 
per  annum  out  of  her  manors,  &c.  in  Englar.d  and  Wales.    Also 
by  her  charter,  dated  at  Hadham,  in  com.  Hcrtf.  July  24th,  14g4, 
grants  to  her  thrice  dear  and  welUbeloved  Sir  John  Pelham,  and 
Owen  ap  Tydor,  Esq.  full  power  and  authority  to  remove  and 
displace  the  bishop  of  Lisieux,  her  Chancellor  in  France,  and  to 
take  from  him  her  seal,  as  also  to  survey  and  repair  all  her  towns, 
castles,  &c.     Which  charter  is  sealed  with  the  great  seal  of  the 
arms  of  France  and  England  quarterly,   impaling  the  Flower 
de  Luces,  the  arms  of  France.     And  it  is  observable,  that  not- 
withstanding Owen  Tydor  was  then  her  husband,  yet  Sir  John 
Pelham  bad  precedency  of  him.     He  had  some  difference  with 
Robert,  Lord  Poyuings,  and  was  obliged  to  enter  into  a  recogni* 
sance  in  Chancery,  and  with  him  as  8ureties,y  Henry  Percy,  Eari 
of  Northumberland,  Sir  Thomas  Chaworth,  and  Sir  John  Colvil, 
Knights,  wherein  they  were  bound  to  the  King  in  lOOOl.  that  he 
should  keep  the  peace  with  Rol>ert,  Lord  Poynings,  and  other  the 
King's  subjects.     But  the  said  Sir  John  Pelham  having  after  been 
convicted  of  an  assault  against  Thomas  Jordain,  by  committing 
bim  to  prison,  the  King,  February  5tb,  1430-1,  piardons  the  said 
Sir  John  Pelham,  the  Earl  of  Northumberland,  &c.  the  forfeits 
of  their  recognizances,  &c. 

This  Sir  John,  by  his  charter,  dated  at  Warbleton,  September 
4th,  1430,  grants  to  Stephen,  prior  of  St.Trioity,  of  Hastings,  and 
the  convent  of  the  said  place,  all  his  lands,  rents,  and  services.  In 
the  parbh  of  Warbleton,  which  belonged  to  Richard  Leverer  and 
Mr.  John  Waller,  granted  to  him  by  his  father.  Sir  John  Pelham  j 
and  to  the  said  charter  is  a  fair  seal  of  green  wax  appendant,  viaf. 
(Quarterly  in  the  first  andfoitrth,  three  Pelicans,  and  in  the  second 
and  third,  Ermtre,  on  a  Fess  three  Crowns;  and  for  the  crest,  a 
Cage  on  a  Hehnet,  and  on  each  side  thereof  the  Buckles  of  a  Belt, 

*  Vis.  de  com.  Suss.  In  Offic.  Arm.  x  Par.  3  Heory  VX.  ci  orig. 

7  Rot;  Pardon.  9  Heniy  VI. 


502  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

circuoascribed^  Sigillum  Jokannis  Pelham.  In  17  Henrj  VI.  b^ 
ing  wrote  Sir  John  Pelham,  KdU  son  and  heir  of  Sir  John  Pelham, 
Knt.  be  '  released  to  Sir  John  Fenys^  Knt.  and  his  heirs,  all  his 
dght  in  the  hundred  of  Foxherle,  with  the  appartenances,  in  coa>« 
Sussex;  as  also  all  his  right,  fealty,  suits  of  court  and  castle-ward 
appertaining  to  the  manor  of  Hurst-Monceauz,  which  the  said 
Boger  held  of  the  said  Sir  John  Pelham. 

In  IS  Henry  VI.  the  King*  confirmed  to  him  the  manors  of 
Crowherst,  Burwashe,  and  Bevylham,  with  the  rape  of  Hastings. 
He  had  also  the  office  of  the  master  of  the  royalties,  and  forests, 
which  the  Queen  held  in  dower  in  Normandy,  as  appears  by  his 
representation  to  the  King  after  her  death,  wherein  he  prays,  in 
consideration  of  his  good  services  done  to  his  father  and  molher> 
to  grant  him  the  said  office,  with  the  usual  wages,  rights,  profits, 
and  emoluments  thereunto  belonging,  and  that  he  will  signify  his 
pleasure  to  the  Chancellor  there,  to  make  him  a  grant  in  due 
form.  In  25  Henry  VI.  he  presented  the  following  petition  to 
the  parliament: 

'^  Unto  the  noble  and  most  discrete  knyghts  of  the  sdiires  and 
borgessis  of  this  present  parliament.  Beseeching  unto  your  noble 
and  wyse  discretions.  John  Pelham,  Cbivalier  of  the  counte  of 
Sussex,  that  for  as  muche  in  the  tyme  of  the  ryght  high  and 
myghty  Prince  Kyng  Henry  the  4th,  progenitor  and  grantfadyr 
unto  our  soverayne  Lord  the  Kyng  that  now  ys.  Hit  lyked  unto 
that  good  Kyng  and  progenitor,  for  the  notable  and  trew  services 
don  be  John  Pelham,  Knyght,  unto  the  said  King,  and  progeni- 
tor, to  geve  and  grante  unto  the  seid  John  Pelham,  Knt.  Fadyr 
of  your  beseecher,  the  manerys  of  Crowhurst,  Boursworsch,  and 
Bevylhame^  forthwith  the  rape  of  Hastyng,  with  the  appurtenances 
yn  the  coiite  aboveseyd,  after  tlie  deth  of  Radulph  Erie  of  vVest- 
merlande,  tenante  of  the  forseyd  manerys  and  rape,  terme  of  lyfe, 
and  to  the  seyd  John  Pelham,  Knt  and  to  hys  htyrys  yn  fee 
simple  for  ever.  To  have  and  to  holde  the  seyd  manerys  with 
the  seyd  rape  forthwith,  the  honours,  lordchippis,  londis,  tene- 
ments, rents,  servisis,  parkys,  closurys,  hundreds,  wapentackes, 
courts  lets,  knyghts  fees,  offices,  advesons,  patronages  of  churchis, 
chapels,  chaunteiys,  hospitalys,  returns  of  writ,  or  any  oder  maun«^ 
dement  and  ezecusion  of  the  same  forthwith,  lybertees  franchises 
to  the  seyd  rape  or  manerys  belonging  or  abyding,  yn  eny  veyse 

*  CUus.  17  Henry  VI.  p.  i.  m.  1.  •  Pat.  x$  flcnry  VI.  p.  x,  ji.  x6. 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  503 

as  hooUy  and  frely  as  John  Dake  of  Bretayne^  ever  badde  or  held^ 
Dr  eaj  of  his  ancestores  before  that  tyme^  as  hit  apperyte,  be  the 
gracious  lettres  patentis  of  the  grant  of  the  seyd  good  Prince  and 
Kiagy  Henry  the  4th,  confermed  be  our  soverayn  Lord  that  now 
ys;  as  of  the  which  manerys  and  rape  was  never  interopcion 
made^  ayens  the  vertu  of  the  seyd  grant,  unto  now  late  with  yn 
the  tyme  and  begynnyng  of  this  present  parlement,  ther  hath 
been  purchased  be  Sir  Thomas  Hoo,  Chivaler,  a  patent  be  a 
newe  grant  be  odyr  manere  of  form  of  owr  soverayn  Lord  the 
Kyng  that  now  ys,  for  to  annuUe  and  distroye  the  vertu  of  the 
firste  grante^  unto  jrmportable  hurt,  and  desherytyng  of  your  be- 
secher;  the  whiche  lyeth  yn  yowre  noble  and  wyse  discressions, 
for  to  remedye  as  well  be  conscience  as  law,  considering  all  the 
olde  and  grete  charges  services  and  costys  unto  the  Kyng  and  his 
progenitors,  that  have  be  doon  yn  alle  the  werris  as  well  be  your 
seyd  besecher,  as  be  his  fadjrr;  and  in  espeeiall  the  grete  jupardie 
and  enprise  of  the  castell  of  Pevense,  which  the  foreseyd  John 
Pelbara  £Eidyr  of  your  besecher  toke  and  held  with  strong  hand 
unto  the  use  of  the  Kyng's  noble  progenitours,  at  that  tyme 
grette  plesaance  and  comfort  unto  the  Kyng  and  alle  his  trewe 
sugetts  of  all  the  reme,  whiche  ys  not  unknown  unto  the  moste 
part  of  notable  and  auncienyd  people  of  this  land :  Wherfor  plese 
yournoble wysdoms,  all  thow  that  sugestion  have  or  seolde  be 
made  unto  yow^  be  the  seyd  Sir  Thomas  or  eny  odyr,  to  have  eny 
newe  grant  amytted  be  acte  of  this  present  parlement^  that  con- 
science and  ryght  be  seye,  at  the  reverence  of  God,  or  ellys  to 
pntte  us  to  comen  lawe." 

But  it  appears,  that  the  said  Sir  Thomas  Hoo  enjoyed  his  grant 
of  the  premises,  which  bears  date  July  igth^  1445,  and  in  27 
Henry  VI.  was  created  Ix>rd  Hastings. 

The  said  Sir  John  Pelham,  from  his  pious  disposition,  was  ad- 
mitted into  several  religious  orders.  The  ^  Chamberlain,  Warden 
and  Proctor,  of  the  hospital  of  the  Holy  Trinity  and  of  St.  Tho- 
mas  the  martyr,  at  Rome,  by  deed  dated  at  London,  December 
1st,  1447>  receive  Sir  John  Pelham,  Knt.  and  Lady  Joan  his  wife^ 
into  their  brotherhood.  And  Nicholas  Barbaran,  prior  of  the 
monastery  of  St.  Anastasius  of  the  Cistercian  order,'  with  the 
consent  of  their  house,  signify,  that  they  have  received  Sir  John 
Pelham,  Knt  and  the  Lady  Joan  his  wife,  into  the  fraternity  of 

^  £i  originale  penes  pnenob.  Due.  Novi  Castri.  ^  Ori^nale,  ibid. 


d04  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAi^D. 

the  blessed  Viigiu  Mary  of  the  scale  of  Heaven,  and  that  th^'  are 
boand  to  pray  for  ibem.  Also  Pius  II.**  an.  1459,  7tb  of  the 
Ides  of  January,  grants  licence  to  the  brotherhood  and  sisters  of 
the  hospital  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  and  of  St  Thomas  the  martyr* 
in  the  city  of  Rome,  to  receive  into  their  hospital,  or  brothechood. 
Sir  John  Pelham,  Knt  and  Lady  Joan  his  wite}  in  pursoance 
whereof  the  said  brotherhood,  by  their  admission,  dated  at  Lon- 
don, January  2d,  1460,  accept  them  as  members  of  their  hospital ; 
and  likewise  Martin  V*  having  in  1426,^  signified  bis  power  by 
bis  delegates,  to  grant  indulgencies  to  such  persons  as  shall  con- 
tribute any  part  of  their  worldly  goods,  for  the  relief  of  the  reli- 
gious, and  service  of  God,  Pius,  by  bis  delegate,  Peter  de  Vemacia, 
grants  an  indulgence  to  the  Lady  Joan  Pelham  (in  consideratioa 
of  her  parting  with  some  of  her  goods  to  them)  to  abstain  horn 
fasting. 

The  last  will  and  testament  of  the  said  Sir  John  Pelbam  bean 
date  May  20th,  36  Henry  VL  whereby  he  requires  his  fieofieea 
(whom  he  had  constituted  by  several  charters),  ''  to  permit  Joan 
his  wife,  to  enjoy  his  manor  of  Laughton,  with  the  hundred  of 
Sfaeplake,  Note-Bourn,  and  Chilvington,  with  the  profits  of  the 
manors  of  Crowhurst,  Borghershe,  and  Bevylham :  also  that  they 
enfeoff  John  Pelham,  his  son  and  heir,  in  the  manors  of  Burg- 
hershe,  with  the  hundred  of  Hawksbury,  Crowhurst,  with  tb« 
hundred  of  Bareslow,  as  also  the  forest  and  chase  of  Dalyngton; 
and,  in  default  of  issue  male,  to  remain  to  William  his  son,  in 
default  of  issue,  to  Thomas  his  son,  and  heirs  male,  remainder  td 
his  right  heirs.  Also,  that  they  enfeoff  William  his  son ;  in  the 
manor  of  BevUham,  with  the  hundred  of  Shoosewell,  with  re- 
mainder (in  default  of  heirs  male)  to  John,  his  son  and  heir;  and 
in  default,  to  Thomas  his  son,  and  his  heirs  male,  with  remainder 
to  his  right  heirs.  And  further  wills,  afler  the  death  of  Joan  his 
wife,  that  his  feoffees  enfeoff  John,  his  son  and  heir,  in  his  manor 
of  Laughton,  and  hundred  of  Shiplake,  with  the  like  entails  ott 
William,  and  Thomas,  his  sons." 

He  had  two  wives  j  first,  Joan,'  daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  John 
de  £scures5  and,  secondly,  Joan  de  Courcy,  an  attendant  on 
Queen  Catherine,  consort  of  Henry  V.  By  this  last  he  bad  the 
sons  before  mentioned,  and  three  daughters^  Catharine,  married^ 
first,  to  John  Bramshot,  Esq.j  and,  secondly,  to  Sir  Thomas 

*  Ex  Originalc,  ibid.  e  Ex  Originalc  penes,  ut  tatea. 

f  Mr.  laiBOJison  caUs  thii  Joan,  wife  to  Sir  Thoaas  Pelhaoiy  hit  fatfacc 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  503 

Lewknor,  Slnight;  Cicely,  second  daughter,  we44ed  to  Wtiliam 
Luns^rd,  of  HoUieley,  in  com.  Suss.  Esq.;  and  Joan,  the  youngest, 
to  John  Covert,  of  Slaughamj  and,  secondly,  to  Williaon  Ash* 
bombaoi,  of  Asbbornham,  Esqrs. 

John  Pelham,  bis  eldest  son  and  heir,  was  s  a  Knight  in  the 
twelfth  year  of  Henry  VI.  for  then  Richard  Aylard  demises  to 
Sir  John  Pelhara,  senior,  Knt.  and  to  Sir  John  Pelham,  junior, 
Knt.  and  their  heirs,  all  bis  right  in  the  manor  of  Ewhurst,  and 
also  the  reversion  of  all  his  lands  and  tenements  in  Ewhurst, 
North-Hamme,  Bekkele,  and  Idene,  which  the  Lady  Joan  Bren- 
chesle  held  for  term  of  their  life;  whereby  it  appears,  she  had  a 
second  husband  of  the  name  of  Brencbcsle, 

In  23  Henry  VI.  he  was  married  to  Alice,  daughter  of  Sir 
Thomas  Lewknor,  Knt.  and  on  September  30th,  that  year,,  the 
manor  of  Laughton,  and  hundred  of  Shiplake,  as  also  the  manora 
of  Noteborn  and  Chihington,  in  the  county  of  Sussex,  were-set^ 
tied  on  her  in  jointure* 

In  28  Henry  VI.  he,  and  Alice  his  wife,  had  a  grant  from  hit 
father,.  Sir  John  Pelham,  of  the  manor  of  Treve,  with  the  Knight's 
foe^  advowson  of  the  free  chapel,  and  all  reversions  appertaining 
thereto,  to  hold  to  them  and  the  heirs  of  their  bodies.  Sir  John 
Pelham  died  without  ^  issue  male  by  the  said  Alice,  leaving  an 
only  daughter,  Isabella,  married  to  John  Covert,  second  son  to 
William  Covert,  of  Sullyngton,  in  Sussex,*  Esq.  whereby  the 
estate  devolved  on  William,  his  brother. 

This  William  Pelham,  Esq.  had  a  grqnt  from  his  brother.  Sir 
John  Pelham,  dated  on  September  8th,  146s,  to  him  and  Emeline 
his  wife,  and  the  heirs  male  of  their  bodies,  of  all  those  lands, 
tenements,  &c.  called  Colbons,  in  Laughton  i  which  Emeline  was 
daughter  of  Nicholas  Carryl^  of  Bentone,  in  com.  Sussex,  Esq. 
The  said  William  Pelham  ^  died,  without  issue,  Februaiy  24th, 
1^03.  And  by  his  last  will  and  testament,'^  dated  February  1 2tb, 
that  year,  and  the  probat  thereof  March  lith  following,  thereby 
wills  his  body  to  be  brought  to  the  church  of  Laughton,  and  from 
thence  to  be  had  into  the  new  priory,  and  to  be  buried  within 
the  chancel  tliere.  He  further  directs,  that  his  household  be  kep€ 
at  his  manor  of  Laughton,  till  his  roonth-day  be  past;  on  which 
day  he  wills,  that  every  one  of  his  servants  have  a  black  gown 
and  their  wages.    He  wills  and  requires  his  feoffees  to  settle  on 

S  Claus.  la  Henry  VI.  p.  z.  n.  2X.  ^  Vfs.  de  com.  Soss.  prcd, 

1  Esc.  x8  Henry  Vli. 
^  £x  R''3'st.  Hul^  ovr,  q.  i  in  Car.  pnerog.  Car.t. 


J06  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND 

his  nq>hew^  John  Felbam^  son  and  heir  apparent  of  his  brother, 
Thomas  Pelhara^  and  on  soch  gentlewoman  as  he  should  marry 
(so  as  he  married  by  the  advice  of  his  said  brother^  his  hther), 
^hii  manors  of  fiurghershe  and  Bevylham^  with  the  hondreds  of 
Hawcksberg  and  SboisweU,  the  forest  and  chase  of  Dalyngton^ 
with  all  the  courts,  liberties,  &c.  within  the  rape  of  Hastings 
thereunto  belonging.  All  the  said  manors,  ^c,  to  remain  to  the 
heirs  male  of  his  said  brother  Thomas,  and,  for  default  Gf  such 
issue,  to  the  heirs  male  of  Catherine,  Cecile,  and  Joan,  his  sisters, 
with  remainder  to  the  right  heirs  of  Sir  John  Pelham^  Knt.  his 
late  father.  He  further  wills  to  his  brother^  Thomas  Peiham,  his 
manor  of  Laughton,  with  the  appurtenances;  as  also  the  manor 
of  Colbonds,  with  the  hundred  of  Shiplake ;  and  after  the  decease 
of  Joan  Ashburnham,  bis  sister,  his  lands  and  tenements  in  West* 
hiiam,  &c.  and  in  default  of  heirs  male  of  the  said  Thomas,  to 
the  heirs  male  of  Catharine,  Cecil,  and  Joan,  his  sisters,  with  re- 
mainder to  the  right  heirs  of  Sir  John  Peiham,  Knt.  late  his 
father.  The  residue  of  all  his  goods,  &c.  -not  willed,  he  bequeaths 
to  Thomas  Brent,  Dean  of  South  Mallyng;  Edmund  Dudley, 
Esq.;  his  brother,  Thomas  Peiham,  Esq.;  and  John  Root,  whom 
he  ordains  his  executors.  And  his  will  is,  that  if  there  be  any 
article  in  his  said  testament,  or  any  part  of  it,  the  which  is  not 
good,  nor  certain,  according  cnto  the  law,  for  lack  of  due  fonn  in 
making  the  same,  that  it  be  always  reformed  and  amended  by 
the  discretion  of  two  of  the  said  executors. 

Which  Thomas  Peiham,  Esq.  so  succeeding  his  brother,  was 
before  seated  at  '  Buxsted,  in  Sussex,  and  died  on  February  1st, 
1^16.  He  had  issue  by  Margaret  his  wife  (who  was  buried 
with  him  in  the  choir  of  Laoghtoo),  four  sons^  and  two  daugh* 
ters. 

1.  John,  hereafter  mentioned.  2.  Thomas,  who  died  unnar- 
ried.     8.  William,  successor  to  his  brother  John. 

4.  Anthony,  seated  at  Buxsted  aforesaid,  who  died  ^  on  No* 
vember  22d,  1566,  seised,  besides  his  lands  in  Sussex,  of  the  lord- 
ship of  Iwood  Park,  in  the  parish  of  Newdigate,  in  the  county  of 
Surrey,  as  also  the  manor  and  vicarage  of  Newdigate;  leaving  by 
Margaret  his  wife,  Herbert  Peiham,  his  son  and  heir,  aged  twenty 
years,  who  took  to  wife  Elizabeth,  second  daughter  of  Thomas 
Westi  Lord  la  Warr,  and  departed  this  life,  July 3 1st,  l625>"  leaving 

1  Etc.  8  Henry  VIII.  com.  Svst* 

I"  Cole*s  Esc  Lib.  3.  p.  2707  in  Bib).  Harley. 

A  Cole*9  Esc,  Lib*  $,  p.  aia. 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  507 

the  manon  of  Swinshead  and  Wigtoft,  in  Lincolnshire,  to  Her- 
bert»  his  eldest  sou  and  beir^  at  that  time  twenty-four  years  of 
age^  ancestor  to  the  Pelhams  of  Swinshead  $  and  Thomas^  second 
too,  ancestor  to  those  of  that  name  at  Compton-Valens,  in  com. 
Dors, 

The  two  daughters  of  the  said  Thomas  Pelham  were,  Catha- 
rine^ married  to  Thomas  Morley,  of  Glynd^  in  Sussex,  Esq. ;  and 
Joan>  who  died  unmarried. 

John  Pelham^  Esq.  the  eldest  son,  took  to  wife  Anne,  daugh- 
ter of  Sir  Thomas  Fynes,  Knt.  and  dying  in  the  lifetime  of  his 
father,  without  issue,  his  estate  devolved  on  his  brother,  William, 
who,  on  the  death  of  the  said  Thomas  Pelham,  Esq.  his  father, 
as  aforesaid,  was  also  possessed  of  his  estates. 

Which  William  Pelham  was  thiriy  ^  years  of  age,  and  up- 
wards, when  he  succeeded  to  his  estate,  as  the  inquisition  shews, 
taken  after  his  father's  decease.  In  l6  Henry  VIII.  in  p  conside- 
ration of  the  expenses  he  had  been  at  in  the  King's  service,  and 
of  iiis  good  and  great  services  done  him,  be  obtained  a  grant  to 
inclose  and  impark  500  acres  of  wood,  and  200  acres  of  land, 
called  the  Herthwode^  or  the  Old  Brule,  in  the  parish  of  Laugh* 
ton,  in  Sussex }  and  to  have  free- warren  in  all  his  lands  in  Laugh- 
ton,  Hothlie,  Chitinglie,  Waldern,  Hothfeld,  Rype^  Challingtoo, 
Helmlye,  and  Arlyngton,  in  the  said  county)  and  a  several  fishery 
in  the  said  manors  and  parishes,  &c.  After  wliicb  he  received 
the  honour  of  kDighthood,i  and  attended  Henry  VIII.  in  the 
2'ith  year  of  his  reign,  at  his  meeting,  on  October  20th,  with  the 
French  King,  Francis  I.  at  Sadingfield,  between  Calais  and  Bou« 
logne.  He  died  on  October  27th^  1538,  as  appears  by  the  inqui- 
sition taken  after  his  death  at  Lewes.  His  last  will  and  testament 
is  as  follows:^ 

"  Jn  t^€  JRame  of  (SfoH,  Smni.  The  26th  of  October,  the  yere 
of  our  Lord.  God  a  Thowsande  Fyve  hundred  Thirty  and  Eight, 
I  William  Pelham,  Knight,  in  the  countie  of  Sussex,  being  hole 
in  mjnd,  and  of  good  memory,  doth  make  and  ordeyn  my  last 
vfUl  and  testament,  in  maner  and  fourme  iellowing.  First,  I  be- 
queth  my  sonle  to  Almighty  God  my  Creator^  and  to  all  the  com* 
pany  of  Hevyn,  and  my  body  to  be  buried  in  the  chancel  x>f 
Lawghton.     Ilem»     1  bequeath  yil.  xiiis.  mid,  for  twenty 

•  £sc.  8  Hcniy  VIII.  praed.  p  Pat.  i6  Henry  VIll. 

9  Stow*s  Anuals.  p.  560. 
'  £x  Regist.  vocat.  Dingley,  qu.  3,^,  in  Cur.  Prsrog.  Cint. 


J08  PEEBA6E  OF  ENGLAND. 

i^rmoot  to  be  preached  in  Lawghton^  and  in  the  pariihes  thert^ 
aboute*  hem.  I  wille,  that  my  three  sonoes,  William,  Fraj]cia» 
and  £dwarde,  shall  have  twenty  pounds  steHing  by  the  yere»  dor* 
ing  their  lyves,  owte  of  my  lands,  to  be  divided  equally  betweea 
theoi  into  three  parts,  and  my  wyfe  to  have  the  same  twenty 
pounds  every  yere,  during  the  tyme  of  their  nonage,  towarde 
their  fyndinge,  forthwith  after  my  deth.  Jtem.  I  bequeth  a 
thowsande  marks  sterling  to  bs  levyed  upon  my  woods,  to  the 
marriage  of  my  {yve  daughters;  that  is  to  sey,  Bryget,  Margaret, 
liiary,  Anne,  and  Jane,  and  to  be  divided  equally  between  them. 
Jtem,  I  bequeth  to  eyery  of  my  servants  a  coote.  Hem.  I  be* 
queth  to  John  Devynysbe,  my  best  geldinge.  1  he  residue  of  all 
my  gooJes,  debts,  stuife,  and  substance,  I  geve  umo  Mary  my 
wyfe,  whom  I  make  myn  executrix  of  this  my  last  will.  These 
being  witnesse,  Mary  my  wife,  Nicholas  my  sonne,  and  his  wjfe, 
John  Devynysbe,  Gentihnan,  Sir  Robert  Fourde,  Freest,  with 
many  othef ." 

Tliis  Sir  William  Pelbam*  had  twx)  wives;  Mary^  daughter  of 
Sir  Richard  Carew,  of  Bedington,  in  com.  Surrey;,  and  Mary, 
daughter  to  William,  Lord  Sands,  of  the  Vine,  Lord  Chamberlain 
to  Henry  VIII.  which  last  survived  him,  and  was  re- married  to 
John  Palmer,  of  Angmei  iug»  Esq. 

He  had  issue  by  his  first  wife,  Mary  Carew,  .1.  Sir  NicbohH, 
his  SOD  and  heir.  2.  Edward;  and  three  daughters;  Margaret, 
married  to  — *-  Hawkins;  Anne,  to  Sir  Edward  Cape],  ancestor 
to  the  present  Earl  of  Essex;  and  Jane,  to  Richard  Dryland,  at 
Bobbing,  in  Kent,  Esq. 

By  his  second  Lady,  Mary  Sands,  he  had  also  three  bods. 

3.  Sir  William,  of  whom  as  ancestor  to  Lord  Yarhorougk,  on* 
der  thai  title. 

4.  Francis. 

5.  Edward,  who  being  brought  up  to  the  study  of  the  laws  at 
Gray*s-Inn,^  was  chosen  Autumn  reader  of  that  Society  in  the 
30th  year  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  being  called  to  the  degree  of 
Sefjeant^  at  Law,  in  43  Elizabeth,  was  afterwards  knighted  by 
that  Queen ,^  and- constituted  Lord  Chief  Baron  of  the  Exchequer 
in  Ireland.  He  died  July  4tb,  l6o6/  possessed  of  the  oBanor  of 
Cattesfield,  leaving  Herbert  Pelham,  his  son  and  heir^  ninetoeA 

*  Ex  Scsmm^te.  t  Dugdale's  Origrnes  Juridic.  p.  195. 

V  Chronics  Series,  p^  loi>  '  Origines  Jaridtc.  p.  ici. 

T  Cdle*t  Etc.  L'b.  5.  p.  X96. 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER,  ^ 

jeart,  three  months^  and  fourteen  dajs  old^  ancestor  to  the  Pel" 
hams,  of  Caiiesfield,  in  Sussex. 

Sir  Nicholas  Pelham,  eldest  son  of  Sir  William  Pdham,  by 
bis  Jirsi  wife,  Mary  Carew,  was  elected  to  parliament  for  the 
borough  of  Arundel,  in  154/5*  was  Sheriff  of  Surrey  and  Suwcx, 
in  1549i»  and  November  17th,  same  year,  was  knighted  *»  at 
Westminster.  He  had  the  greatest  interest  of  any  Commoner  to 
the  county  of  Sussex  j  and  when  the  French  attempted  to  land  at 
Seaford,  he  gathered  such  a  force  as  frustrated  their  design,  and 
obliged  them  to  return  to  their  ships.  He  was  elected  one  of  the 
knights*^  for  the  county  of  Sussex,  to  the  parliament  held  in  4  & 
5  Philip  and  Mary,  which  held  to  the  death  of  that  Queeo.  Also 
in  that  parliament,  which  met  at  Westminster,  January  23(' 
1558-9,  and  sat-  till  May  8th  following,  when  it  was  dissolved. 
He  died  in  the  forty-fourth  year  of  his  age,  on  December  I5th 
1560,  leaving  John,  his  eldest  son  and  heir,*'  twenty-three  years 
of  age.  He  was  buried  in  St.  Michael's  church,  in  Lewes  where 
a  monument  is  erected  to  his  memory. 

He  was  a  learned  person,  a  favourer  of  the  Reformation,  of  a 
pious  disposition,  and  of  excellent  morals,  with  a  paternal  czk  of 
his  family  in  a  most  judicious  settlement  of  his  estate;  as  is  evi- 
dent from  several  authorities,  aod  from  his  last  willj  the  pre- 
amble whereof  being  memorable,  is  here  inserted  in  his  own 
words:' 

"  Jin  tbz  M^tmt  of  ^oH,  9mm.  I  Sir  Nicholas  Pelham,  of  Laugh- 
ton^  otherwise  Laston,  in  the  county  of  Sussex,  Knighte,  the  vi 
daye  of  February,  in  the  ycre  of  our  Lord  God  1559,  and  in  the 
second  yere  of  our  most  dread  Soveraigne  Ladic  Elizabeth,  by  the 
Grace  of  God,  Claene  of  Englonde,  Fraunce,  and  Irelande,  de- 
fendor  of  the  faith,  etc.  being  whole  of  bodie,  and  of  good  and 
perfecte  memory,  our  Lord  God  be  praised;  knowing  and  consi- 
dering the  brittleness  of  this  short  trancitory  iyef,  do  make  this 
my  presente  tcstamente  aod  laste  wille,  of  certaine  my  manors, 
landes,  tenements,  and  hereditaments,  aod  of  all  my  goods  and 
chattalls,  in  manner  and  forme  hereafter  following;  Revoking, 
and  plainely,  by  these  presents,  adnuUing  all  other  testaments  and 

«  B.  Willis's  Not.  Pirl.  p.  14.  »  Faller'i  Worthies  in  com.  Suss. 

i>  Nom.  Equit.  in  Bibl.  Cott.  Not.  Claudius,  c.  2.  p.  196. 

«  MS.  de  Pari,  penes  B.  Willis,  ct  Not.  Pari.  p.  6z,  6y. 

«l  Cole's  E$c.  Lib.  V.  p.  352,  in  Bibl.  Harl. 

«  Ex  Resist,  ruci:.  SCicat,  not.  45,  qu.  9,  \u  Cur.  Praerog.  Caatuar. 


510  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

willf  heretofore  by  me  made  by  worde  or  writing:  Firit,  know- 
ledginge  my  self  a  grevus  offender  and  sinner,  against  the  lawes 
and  commaundiments  of  Almighty  God,  througbe  the  frailetie  of 
this  mortal  flesh,  and  saerdley  trusting  unto  his  most  swete  and 
comfortable  promis,  that  in  whatsoever  houre  the  sinner  doth  be- 
waiie  and  repent  his  synnes,  that  he  will  graciously  here  hym, 
and  receive  him  to  his  Savior.  I,  hartely  repenting  my  sinful 
lyef,  and  being  in  parfecte  love  and  charitie  with  all  men,  do 
righte  so  aske  of  Almightie  Grod,  mercies  and  forgiveness  of  my 
said  offences  and  synnes,  certainely  believing,  that  through  the 
merits  of  Christ*s  blessed  passion,  to  be  accomptfd  and  received 
amongs  his  electe,  and  chosen  to  the  roost  joy  us  and  everlasting 
Kingdom  of  God,  according  to  his  licke  promis  made  unto  all 
them  which  faithfully  believe  in  him;  of  which  number^  I  truste 
dughtless  to  be  one:  And  my  boddie,  which  after  my  soule  de- 
parteth  from  the  same^  is  but  yerth,  I  will  it  be  buried  by  tlie  dis- 
cretion of  ray  executors  and  overseers/' 

He  wills  to  Dame  Anne  his  wife,  his  manor  called  ColbomeSj 
with  the  appurtenances,  and  his  lands  called  Poundfelde  and  Frot- 
sham,  Scottes,  and  Murlands,  in  the  rape  of  Laaghton^  daring 
her  life,  as  also  a  yearly  rent  of  30/.  out  of  the  three  manors  of 
Burwish,  Bevelhain,  and  Crow  hurst,  in  the  rape  of  Hastings; 
likewise  the  manor  of  Cowden;  on  condition  she  find  and  bring 
up  Thomas  Pel  ham,  his  second  son^  in  virtue  and  learning,  till  be 
comes  to  the  age  of  18  years^  and  then  to  pay  him  out  of  the  said 
manors  20 Z.  per  annum,  daring  his  life.  Bequeaths  also  to  the 
said  Dame  Ann  his  wife,  all  his  lands,  called  Melwoods^  Cresse* 
lands,  Yonge,  Wikeland,  and  Hired,  otherwise  called  Highred 
and  Farthingland,  lying  in  Laughton,  on  condition,  she  bring  up, 
in  virtue  and  learning,  Robert  Pelham,  his  youngest  son,  till  he 
comes  to  the  age  of  18  years,  and  then  to  pay  his  said  son  xxl. 
yearly.  And  if  so  be  his  said  wife  dyes>  before  his  said  sons  ac- 
complish the  ages  of  18  yeres,  he  then  wills  the  issues  of  the  said 
)ands  to  his  beir,  paying  unto  them  the  said  yearly  rent.  He  fur- 
ther bequeaths  to  Dame  Ann  his  wife  half  his  plate,  and  three 
hundred  pounds  in  old  gold,  in  the  hands  of  his  unde,  Anthony 
Pelham,  as  also  all  his  interest  in  the  parsonage  of  Glynds.  And 
to  his  daughter,  Anne  Pelham,  towards  her  finding  and  bringing 
up,  until  such  time  as  she  shall  be  married,  lOl.  yearly,  and  5O0 
marksi  and  all  her  apparel,  at  the  day  of  her  marriage;  and  if 
she  happens  to  dye  before  she  be  married,  that  then  Ann  Thatcher, 
and  Margery  Tbatchcri  his  daughter's  daughters,  have  each  of 


f 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  5\\ 

them  100  marks  out  of  the  500  so  bequeathed^  to  be  paid  them 
at  the  days  of  their  marriage.  The  residue  of  all  his  goods, 
chattels^  plate>  jewels,  and  ready  money,  his  debts  paid,  and 
his  last  wilj  in  all  things  performed,  he  gives  and  bequeaths  to 
John  Pelham,  his  eldest  son,  whom  he  ordains  his  sole  executor; 
and  George  Goring,  William  Morley,  and  John  Leighe,  Esquires, 
overseers;  concluding,  *'  Into  thy  bauds,  O  Lorde,  I  commende 
my  spirite:  Thow  hast  redeemed  me,  O  Lord  Grod  of  truth.  Ni- 
cholas Pelham.  Witnessed  by  his  brother,  Edward  Pelham,  and 
four  others." 

This  Sir  Nichblas  married  Anne,  daughter  of  John  Sackville, 
Esq.  ancestor  to  the  Duke  of  Dorset,  and  had  issue  by  her,  six 
sons  and  four  daughters/  whereof  Mary  was  married  to  John 
Thatcher,  of  Priestbaws,  in  Sussex,  Esq.;  and  Anne,  to  Thomas 
Shirley,  of  Isfield,  in  the  same  county,  Esq.  Of  his  sons,  only 
three  survived  him;  Sir  John,  his  successor;  Sir  Thomas,  here- 
after mentioned ;  and  Robert;  Anthony,  Edward,  and  Nicholas, 
dying  before  him. 

Sir  John  Pelham,  the  eldest  son,  was  twenty-three  years  of 
age,s  as  appears  by  the  inquisition  taken  at  Horsham,  February 
10th,  2  Elizabeth,  on  his  father's  decease.  He  and  John  Palmer  ^ 
were  elected  Knights  for  the  county  of  Sussex,  in  the  parliament 
vhich  'begun  on  April  22d,  1^71.  He  received  the  honour  of 
knighthood  from  her  Majesty,^  at  Rye,  in  Sussex,  on  August 
12th,  15/3;  and  died  on  October  I3th,  1580.  His  last  will  and 
testament  is  dated  July  ^  28tfa,  in  the  22d  year  of  Queen  Eliza- 
beth; wherein  he  orders  his  body  to  be  buried  decently  without 
pomp  or  superstition,  at  the  discretion  of  his  executors;  and  be- 
queaths to  Judith  his  wife,  for  term  of  her  life,  all  his  manors 
within  the  rape  of  Hastings,  settled  on  her  on  his  marriage;  also 
his  manors  in  Laughton,  and  Colbrons,  with  the  profits  of  the 
•aid  manors,  fpr  the  space  of  20  years  after  his  decease  (if  Oliver 
Pelham,  hb  son,  lives  so  long),  to  buy  the  wardship  of  his  said 
son  to  hb  own  use,  and  to  bring  him  up  in  virtue,  learning,  and 
knowledge.  He  bequeaths  to  his  said  son,  Oliver  Pelham,  his 
manor  of  BishopstoUj  and  on  failure  of  issue  to  descend  to  Thomas 

f  Ex  Stemmate. 

I  Colc*i  Esc.  Lih.  V.  p.  353,  MS.  Not.  61.  A.  16,  in  Bibl.  Harley. 

•>  MS.  <\t  Pari.  prae.'.  «  Willis's  Notltla  Pari.  p.  79,  &  8+. 

k  JekyKs  Cat.  of  Knts.  MS.  p.  46. 
^  Ex  Regist.  vocat  Arundel,  Not.  6a.  qu.  ^f>,  In  Cur.  P.ac.og.  Cjit. 


H 


512  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Pdfaam,  brother  to  him  the  said  Sir  John.  And  for  that  bis  ton 
M  very  youDg>  and  to  be  left  to  the  queen's  favour^  where  to  be- 
stow the  bringing  up  of  him,  he  makes  bis  wife  sole  esecotrix, 
to  the  intent  she  may  purchase  his  wardship;  being  willing  she 
should  keep  him  in  her  own  possession,  carefully  to  bring  him  up 
in  virtue  and  learning,  and  therefore  gives  her  the  more  largely, 
that  she  may  liberally  bestow  on  him,  when  he  cometh  of  years 
to  use  it.  He  ordains  his  brother-in-law,  Mr.  John  St  Johns,  his 
uncle.  Sir  William  Pclbam,  Knight,  his  cousin,  Herbert  Pelham, 
and  his  brother,  Thomas  Pelham,  overseers  of  his  will;  requiring 
them  to  be  aiding  and  comforting  to  his  said  wife,  as  well  in  the 
execution  of  his  uill,  as  in  obtaining  the  wardship,  and  bringing 
up  of  his  child.  And  wills  to  her  the  residue  of  his  goods,  chat- 
tels, debts,  &c«  nothing  doubting  of  her  good  nature  and  mitid 
towards  her  child  and  his.  He  concludes  in  these  words:  "  And 
thus  leaving  them  both  to  the  protection  of  the  Almightie,  unto 
whose  hands  I  coromitte  my  spiritte.  Thowe  hast  redeemed  me, 
rbowe  Lord  God  of  trewthe." 

Judith,  his  Lady,  was  daughter  of  Oliver,  Lord  St.  John,  of 
Bletshoe,  who  erected  a  monument  to  his  menoory  ^  against  the 
north  wall  of  the  chancel  in  Trinity-church  in  the  Minories, 
without  Aldgate,  London  (where  he  lies  buried),  exhibiting  three 
figures;  viz.  of  a  Knight  with  his  Lady  kneeling,  and  of  a  child 
behind  them,  who  was  the  before-mentioned  Oliver  Pelham^ 
their  son^  who  died  January  IQth,  1534,  and  is  buried  with  his 
father. 

Sir  Thomas  Pelham,^rj^  Baronet,  brother  to  the  said  Sir  John, 
succeeded  his  nephew,  the  said  Oliver,  in  the  estate  at  Laughton^ 
&c.  In  "  the  28tb  year  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  he  was  returned  to 
parliament  with  William  Covert,  as  Knights  for  Sussex;  and  in 
the  3ist  of  ^  Elizabeth  was  SberiiSf  of  Sussex  and  Surrey.  On  the 
erection  of  the  dignity  of  Baronets,  by  James  I.  he  was  advanced 
to  that  degree,^  May  22d,  l6 1 1 .  In  the  creation-patent  it  is  re- 
cited, '*  That  his  Majesty  calls  to  mind  the  good  and  acceptable 
services  of  Sir  John  Pelham,  Knight,  as  well  to  King  Henry  IV. 
and  to  our  Lord  Henry,  late  King  of  England  the  fifth,  as  to  his 
ancestor  James,  late  King  of  Scotland,  the  first  of  his  name,  as 
Guardian  and  Governour  to  his  said  ancestor,  during  his  minority, 

■  Stow's  Survey  of  London,  p.  888.     Strype's  Su;vry,  Book  IL  p.  15. 
«  MS.  pe  Pari.  o  Fuller's  Worthies,  p.  54. 

P  Hryliu*!  Help  to  KIscury,  p.  577. 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  «13 

whilst  he  remaioed  in  England  j  as  by  certain  letters-patent  of 
the  aforesaid  Henry>  late  King  of  England  the  fiflh^  more  plainly 
appears^  9cc" 

He  took  to  wife  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Walsinghara, 
of  Scadbury,  in  Chiselhurst,  in  Kent^  elder  brother  of  the  famous 
Secretary  Walsingham^  and  left  issue.  Sir  Thomas  Peiham,  Ba- 
ronet, and  a  daughter,  Judith,  baptized  at  Laughton,  on  June  21st, 
1590,  and  married  to  Henry  Cary,  Lord  Hunsdon,  afterwards 
successively  created  Viscount  Rochfbrt,  and  Earl  of  Dover.  The 
inquisition  taken  after  his  decease  at  Lewes,  September  5th,  l625, 
mentions  his  ^  death  to  be  on  December  2d^  1624,  and  that  his 
SOD,  Sir  Thomas  Felham,  was  of  the  age  of  twenty-seven  years, 
and  heir  to  the  castle,  honour,  barony,  and  rape  of  Hastings, 
with  Netherfield,  &c.  held  of  the  King  by  the  service  of  two 
Knights  fees;  also  of  the  manors  and  rectory  of  Laughton^  Bur* 
washe,  Burghersh,  and  Bivelham,  the  manors  of  Crowhurst,  Col- 
brand,  alias  Colbornes,  Pepleham,  alias  Pepsham,  Warlington, 
Ballington,  Bishopstone,  Cowdene,  Merisfield,  and  Foxhunt  ^  the 
hundreds  of  Hawesburrough,  Shiplake,  and  Shoeswell;  the  ma- 
nors of  Balso,  Bestliog,  Golespur,  Henhurst,  Nederfield,  and 
Staple-Henfield,  with  other  lands,  &c. 

He  was  buried  at  Laughton,  with  great  solemnity,  by  the  He- 
ralds of  arms,^  his  son-in-law,  the  Lord  Viscount  Rochfort,  having 
his  train  borne,  and  his  son.  Sir  Thomas  Pelham,  Baronet,  prin- 
cipal mourner  (with  supporters).  Sir  John  Shirley,  Sir  Edward 
Burton,  Anthony  Stapely,  Esquire,  and  Thomas  Shirley,  Esquire, 
followed  by  a  great  number  of  gentlemen  of  the  county.  His 
relict  was  buried  at  Laughton,  March  7th,  1634. 

Which  Sir  Thomas  Pelham,  second  Baronet,  was  in  his  father's 
lifetime  (21  Jac.  L)  elected  one  of  •  the  Knights  for  the  county  of 
Sussex  J  as  also  in  the  first  parliament  called  by  Charles  L  and 
likewise  in  that  held  in  the  15th  year  of  the  same  King;  and  to 
that  which  met  at  Westminster,  on  November  3d,  l640.  In 
these  parliaments,  he  constantly  voted  with  those  who  professed 
the  preservation  of  the  rights  and  liberties  of  the  subject  the  ob- 
ject of  their  views  j  and  endeavoured  the  composing  of  our  differ- 
ences during  the  civil  wars,  without  being  any  ways  concerned  in 
the  Qsorpation  of  the  government. 

^  Cole's  Esc.  Lib.  III.  p.  136.  Not.  61.  A.  14,  In  Bibl.  Hwley. 

'  MS.  ent.  Funeral  Ceremonys,  Not.  H.  lo.  p.  161,  in  Blbl.  Joh.  Anitis, 

Gart.  Reg.  Arm. 

s  MS.  ^  Pari. 

VOL.  T.  2  L 


514  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Sir  Thomas  Pelham  had  his  share  ia  these  troubles^  bcmg  of 
the  same  opiniop  with  his  kinsman,  Henry  Pelham,  M.  P.  for 
Grantham;  and  living  retired  during  Oliver's  usurpation;  and 
was  burled  with  his  ancestors  at  Laughton,  the  28th  of  August, 
16'54. 

He  had  three  wives;  first,  Mary,  third  daughter  and  co-heir  of 
Sir  Thomas  Wilbraham,  Knt.  one  of  the  Masters  of  Requests  to 
James  I.  by  whom  he  had  ^  issue.  Sir  John  Pelham,  Baronet,  his 
successor;  Thomas  Pelham,  second  son,  who  died  in  September^ 
1638,  aged  twelve  years,  and  was  buried  at  Laughton;  Judidi; 
married  to  Sir  John  Mooson,  Knight  of  the  Bath,  son  and  heir  of 
Sir  John  Monson,  Baronet  (from  whom  the  present  Lord  Monsoa 
is  descended :  she  died  2 1st  December,  1700,  aged  seventy-two, 
and  lies  buried  at  Broxburn,  in  Hertfordshire,  where  a  monument 
is  erected  to  her  memory) ;  Anne,  buried  at  Laughton,  January 
22d,  1644;  Jane,  buried  at  Laughton,  November  Qth,  1635;  and 
Elizabeth,  married  to  Henry  Pelham,  of  Brocklesby,  in  Lincoln* 
shire,  Esq. 

Sir  Thomas^  by  his  second  wife,  Judith^  daughter  of  * 
Shirley  (who  was  buried  at  Laughton,  November  21  st^  1638), 
had  no  issue  that  survived  to  maturity.    But, 

By  his  third  Lady,  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Henry  Vane,  of 
Fairlane,  in  Kent,  Knt.  he  had  several  children;  whereof  Phila- 
delphia was  jnanied  to  Francis,  Lord  Howard,  of  Effingham,  an. 
cestor  to  the  present  Earl.  She  died  at  Virginia  (of  which  his 
Lordship  was  (governor),  August  13th,  l683,  and  is  buried  at 
Lingfield,  in  Surrey* 

The  eldest  surviving  son,  of  this  third  marriage,  was  Sir  Ni« 
cholas  Pelham,  of  Cait^field'-Place,  in  com.  Suss«  who,  in  his 
youth,  had  the  honour  of  knighthood  conferred  on  him  by 
Charles  Ih  soon  after  the  Restoration.  He  took  the  degree  ^  of 
Ak.  A.  in  the  University  of  Oxford,  on  September  8th,  1 665 ;  and 
was  elected  Knight  for  the  county  of  Sussex^''  with  his  brother. 
Sir  John  Pelham,  in  the  parliament  that  met  at  Westminster  en 
March  6th,  1678*9;  and  was  member  for  several  towns  in  that 
county,  almost  to  the  time  of  bis  decease,  being  ninety  years  of 
age  when  he  died,  in  November  1739.  He  married  Jane,  daugh* 
ter  and  coheir  of  James  Huxley,  of  Domford,  in  (Oxfordshire^ 
Esq.  by  whom  he  had  issue  Thomas  Pelham,  Esq.  member  of 

«  Vh.  4c  com.  SttflMXy  pned.  u  Cat,  of  Gr44ttatM»  p.  116. 

X  MS.  de  ParlUiMiit. 


^ 


i 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  a  15 

^rliamfent  for  the  borough  of  Lewes^  1762,  1768,  1774,  and  one 
of  the  Commissioners  for  inspecting  into  Trade  and  the  Planta- 
tions>  who  married  Elizabeth^  daughter  of  Henry  Pelham^  Esq. 
hereafter  mentioned  -,  and  had  by  her  two  sons^  of  whom  the  eldest 
was  of  Crowhurst,  in  Surrey^  and  died  without  issue  about 
1792;  Henry,  second  son>  was  a  Commissioner  of  Customs,  from 
1758  to  1787,  succeeded  his  brother  at  Crowhurst)  and  after-* 
wards  took  the  name  of  Cresset  for  an  estate.  He  marri^  a 
daughter  of  Nicholas  Hardinge,  Esq.  (niece  of  the  late  Lord  Cam- 
den), by  whom  he  had  a  son,  John  Cresset  Pelham,  Esq.  now  of 
Crowhurst,  M.P.  for  Lewes,  1796;  and  two  daughters;  of  whom 
Anne,  the  youngest,  married,  in  1791$  Thomas  P^pillon,  Esq.  of 
Acrise,  in  East  Kent  (eldest  son  of  David  Papillon,  Esq.  formerly 
a  Commissioner  of  Excise,  who  died  I8O9,  aged  eighty.) 

James  Pelham,  second  son  of  Sir  Thomas,  by  his  third  spouse^ 
was  Secretary  to  the  late  Duke  of  Grafton,  as  Lord  Chamberlain^ 
and  was  chosen  a  member  in  several  parliaments.  Margaret, 
their  sister,  was  married  to  Sir  William  Ashbumham,  of  Brom* 
ham,  in  Sussex,  Baronet,  one  of  the  Chamberlains  of  the  £zche« 
qner. 

Sir  John  Pelham,  third  Baronet,  eldest  son  of  Sir  Thomas,  was 
elected,  in  l660>  one  of  the  Knights  for  the  countyy  of  Sussex,  in 
the  parliament  that  voted  the  Restoration  of  Charles  II. 

By  his  hospitality,  moderation,  and  other  exemplary  virtues,  he 
gained  the  esteem  of  all  that  knew  him  5  and  had  a  greater  inte- 
rest in  his  county  than  any  person  of  his  time,  as  appears  by  his 
being  chosen  Knight  of  the  shire  in  four  sOcceeding  parliaments, 
in  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  And,  as  was  said  before,  his  brother. 
Sir  Nicholas  Pelham»  was  elected  with  him,  and  Thomas  Pelham, 
Esq.  his  eldest  son,  chosen  for  East  Ghnstead,  as  also  for  the  bo- 
rough of  Lewes. 

He  was  upwards  of  nine  years  of  age'  in  the  year  1633,  and 
being  near  eighty  years  old,  died  at  his  seat  at  Halland,  in  the 
parish  of  East  Hothley  and  Laughton,  and  was  buried  in  the 
chancel  with  his  ancestors;  on  Januaiy  26th,  1702-3,  having  sur- 
vived his  Lady  seventeen  years,  who  had  sepulture  at  Laughton, 
on  October  igth,  l685. 

He  was  married  at  Penshurst,^  January  20th,  1647,  to  the  Lady 
Lucy,  second  daughter  of  Robert  Sidney,  the  second  Earl  of 

f  MS.  de  Parliament.  '      '  Vid.  de  com.  Sast. 

•  Robert,  Earl  ci  Leiceiter't  Jovmal,  MS.  apud  Penahorsf . 


516      .  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Leicester  of  that  name^  by  whom  he  had  issae^  firsts  a  daughter; 
Dorothy^  born  December  I5th,  l648«  who  lived  hot  two  days. 
He  had  afterwards  by  his  Lady  three  sons  and  two  daughters;. 
Elizabeth,  married.  May  30th,  l676>  at  Eath-Hothley,  firsts  to 
Edward  Montague,  Esq.  by  whom  she  was  mother  of  George, 
Earl  of  Halifax;  and  had  to  her  second  husband,  Thomas  Wood- 
cockj  Esq.  First  Commissioner  for  the  duty  on,  Salt,  who  died 
July  13th,  1723.  Lucy,  second  daughter,  was  wedded,  October 
14th,  1679,  to  Gervase,  Lord  Pierrepoint,  and  was  buried  at 
Laugh  ton,  July  l6th,  1721,  without  issue  by  him. 

His  sons  were,  l.  Thomas,  Lord  Pelham,  his  successor  in  title 
and  estate, 

2»  John  Pelham,  who  died  unmarried. 

3.  Henry  Pelham,  who  was  Clerk  of  the  Office  of  Pells  in  the 
Exchequer;  and  departing  this  life  on  April  1st,  1 721,  was  buried 
in  the  church  of  St.  Ann's,  Soho,  London.  He  took  to  wife 
Frances,  daughter  and  co-heir  of  John  Bine,  of  Rowdell,  in  Sus- 
sex, Esq.  by  whom  he  had  issue,  1.  Henry  Pelham,  Esq.  2.  John. 
Andj  3.  Thomas.  Also  four  daughters;  Elizabeth,  married  to 
Thomas  Pelham,  Esq.  son  and  heir  of  Sir  Nicholas  Pelham,  of 
Cattsfield-Place,  before  mentioned;  Grace,  wedded  to  William 
Poole,  of  Hook,  in  com.  Sussex;  Frances,  to  Francis  Poole,  son 
and  heir  of  Sir  James  Poole,  of  Poole,  in  Wirral,  in  com.  Cest. 
Baronet;  and  Lucy,  to  Talbot  Yelverton,  Earl  of  Sussex. 

Henry,  the  eldest  son  of  Henry,  who  was  seated  at  Sttmmere, 
in  Sussex,  served  in  the  first  pariianaent  of  George  I.  for  the  port 
of  Hastings,  and  in  the  second  for  the  borough  of  Lewes,  and 
died  unmarried,  June  Ist,  1725. 

John,  second  son,  died  also  unmarried  soon  after  his  father,  in 

1721. 

Thomas,  third  and  youngest  son  of  Henry,  resided  several  jrears 
at  Constantinople  as  a  merchant^  and  succeeded  his  brother  at 
Stanmerci  served  in  the  first  and  second  parliaments  of  George  11. 
for  Lewes,  till  1737,  when  he  died.  He  married  Annetta,  daugh- 
ter of  Thomas  Bridges,^  Esq.  and  left  issue  Thomas,  hb  son  and 
heir,  the  late  Earl  of  CHchester,  tfwhom  hereafter  ^  and  Harriot, 

^  There  wm  a  family  of  merchants  of  this  name  settled  at  Constanttnopk ; 
for  whom,  1  am  informed,  are  scTeral  monumental  inscriptioni  there.  It  is  pre* 
sumed,  that  the  above  Thomas  Bridges,  Esq.  was  one  of  this  family.  It  is  not 
improbable  they  were  carried  thither  under  the  patronage  of  James>  Lord  Chan- 
doi,  during  his  embassy,  in  the  rrign  of  Charies  II.  but  I  haver  ncvar  been  able 
to  trace  any  alliance  between  thtm  and  thst  noUeman. 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  517 

married^  first,  to  Richard  Temple,  youoger  son  of  Henry,  Lord 
Viscount  Palmerstone)  secondly,  to  George,  first  Earl  of  Abcr* 
gavenoy,  and  died  Aogost  2gtb,  176S. 

Sir  Thomas  Pelfaam,  third  Baronet,  and  pihst  Peer,  eldest 
son  of  Sir  John,  was  first  elected  for  the  borough  of  Lewes,  as 
also  for  the  borough  of  East-Grinstead,  to  that  parliament  which 
met  at  Westminster,  March  6th,  16795  and  for  the  borough  of 
Lewes,  in  all  the  parliaments  after,  during  the  reign  of  Charles  IL 
as  also  in  that  of  James  IL  and  the  Convention-parliament, 
wherein  he  promoted  the  election  of  King  William  and  Queen 
Mary  to  the  crown  of  England. 

On  their  Majesties  accession,  he  was  first  made  one  of  the  Com- 
missioners of  the  Customs;  and  on  March  19th,  iGSQ,  constituted 
one  of  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  the  Treasury,  which  office  be 
voluntarily  resigned  in  1694.  He  was  elected  one  of  the  Knights 
ibr  the  county  of  Sussex,  in  three  several  parliaments,  in  the 
reigns  of  King  William  and  Queen  Anne;  and  for  the  borough 
of  Lewes,  in  all  other  parliaments,  whilst  he  continued  a  Com- 
moner. In  the  year  1695,  the  House  of  Comm6ns  nominated 
him  one  of  the  Commissioners  to  examine  Sir  Thomas  Cook,  and 
to  inspect  into  bribery  and  corrupt  practices,  of  which  some  of 
their  own  members  were  then  accused.  In  1701,  he  was  again 
<x>nstitutf  d,  by  King  William,  one  of  the  Lords  Commissioners  of 
the  Treasury. 

When  Queen  Anne  ascended  the  throne,  March  Sth,  1 701-2, 
he  resigned  his  employment  in  the  Treasury  j  but  on  December 
29th,  1706,  when  the  interest  of  his  friends  prevailed  at  court,  he 
was  made  Lord  Pelham,  Baron  Pelhaniy  of  Laughton,  in  Sussex; 
which  titles  he  enjoyed  until  February  23d,  1711-12,  when  he 
departed  this  life  at  Halland,  and  on  the  8th  of  next  month  was 
buried  at  Langhton. 

His  Lordship  had  to  wife,  first,  Elizabeth  (daughter  to  Sir  Wil- 
liam Jones,  Attorney-General  to  Charles  IL),  who  departed  this 
life,  and  was  buried  at  Laughton,  October  13th,  I68I,  leavmg 
issue  two  daughters. 

J,  Lucy,  who  was  buried  near  her  mother.  May  2d, .1689. 

2.  Elizabeth,  the  first  Lady  of  Charles,  Lord  Viscount  Towns- 
hend.  She  died*"  1  Ith  May,  1711,  and  was  buried  at  Raynham, 
in  Norfblk.<^ 

c  Le  Neve,  Vol.  IV.  p.  »Z9. 
*  It  was  on  account  of  the  descent  from  this  flMtfriage  with  the  danghter  of 


51S  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

His  Lordship  afterwards  married  the  Lady  Grace,  fourth  aod 
yoaogest  daughter  of  Gilbert  Holies^  Earl  of  Clare,  aud  sister  to 
John,  Duke  ofNewcasile;  which  Lady  deceased  13th  September, 
J  700,  and  was  buried  at  Laugh  ton;  leaving  issue  five  daughters, 
imd  two  sons. 

1.  Thomas,  created  Duke  of  Newcastle. 

3.  Henry,  of  whom  presently. 

The  five  daughters  were, 

1.  Grace,  married  to  George  Naylor,  Esq.  of  Hurst- Monceaux, 
in  Sussex,  and  died  in  April,  17 10. 

2.  Frances  married  Christopher  Wandesford,  Viscount  Castle-* 
comer;  and  was  mother  of  the  next  Peer.    She  died  in  1756. 

3.  Gertrude  married  David  Polhill,  of  Otford,  in  Kent, 
Esq. 

4.  Lucy  married  {feniy  Clinton,  Earl  of  Lincoln,  and  was  mo« 
tfaer  of  Henry,  who  succeeded  as  Duke  of  Newcastle. 

5.  Margaret  married  Sir  John  Shelley,  of  Micbelgrove,  in  Sus* 
lex,  Bart.    She  died  November  24th,  1756. 

Hbnrt  Pelham,  Esq.  second  son,  born  1696;  when  the  rebe]-> 
lion  broke  out  in  171^^  accepted  of  the  command  of  a  troop  of 
Dragoons  in  Major-general  Dormer's  regiment,  with  which  be 
marched  into  Lancashire,  and  was  present  at  Preston,  November 
13  th,  when  the  rebels  surrendered  As  soon  as  he  came  of  age, 
he  was,  in  the  first  parliament  called  by  George  I.  elected  for  the 
borough  of  Seaford,  in  Sussex,^  in  February  17 18.  In  the  suc- 
ceeding parliament,  summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  MaylOtb, 
1722,  he  was  unanimously  chosen  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  shire 
fbr  Sussex,^  and  constantly  served  for  the  said  county,  to  the  time 
of  his  decease. 

On  May  25th,  1720,  he  was  constituted  Treasurer  of  his  Ma« 
jesty*s  Chamber  j  on  April  3d,  1721,  he  was  made  one  of  the 
Lords  Commissioners  of  the  Treasury  5  on  April  3d,  1724,  he  was 
constituted  Secretary  op  War,  to  all  his  Majesty's  forces 
raised,  or  to  be  raised,  in  the  kingdom  of  Great  Britain,  and  do- 
minion of  Wales;  and  sworn  of  his  Majesty's  Privy-council,  June 
1st,  1725. 

On  his  late  Majesty's  accession  to  the  throne,  he  was  one  of  the 
Privy-council  who  at  the  court,  at  Leicester  House,  June  I4tb, 

Lord  Pelham,  whose  mother  was  Lady  Lucy  SjJmyt  that  the  present  Marqois 
Townshead,  when  created  an  Eari,  choae  the  title  of  Lbiciitbk,  and  that  the 
late  Mr.  Thomas  Townsbend,  when  made  a  Peer,  chose  that  of  Stdhet. 
e  Brtt.  Pari.  Reg.  No.  246.  f  Ibid.  No.  18. 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  -     5lg 

1727,  were  witnesses  to  the  instrument^  according  to  the  forms 
used  by  the  law  of  Scotland,  of  his  Majesty's  taking  and  subscrib- 
ing the  oath  relating  to  the  security  of  the  church  of  Scotland : 
also,  July  24th,  was  appointed  Secretary  of  War;  and  August 
12th  following,  was,  with  others,  commissioned  to  hear  and  de« 
termine,  in  the  Painted  Chamber  at  Westminster,  the  Petitions 
and  Claims  of  such  of  the  King's  subjects  who  were  bound  to 
perform  divers  services,  by  reason  of  their  offices  and  tenors,  on 
the  day  of  his  Majesty's  Coronation.  He  continued  Secretary  of 
War  till  May  8th,  1730,  when  he  had  a  grant  of  the  office  of 
Receiver  and  Pay-master  Greneral  of,  and  for,  all  his  Majesty's 
guards,  garrisons,  and  forces  in  Great  Britain,  &c.  which  he  held 
till  after  the  decease  of  Spencer  Compton,  Earl  of  Wilmington, 
whom  he  succeeded  as  first  Lord  Commissionbr  of  thk 
Treasury,  August  27th,  1743:  also,  on  December  20lh  follow* 
ing,  he  was  nominated  Chamcrllor  and  Under  Trrasurbr 

OF  THE  ExCHBaUfiJl. 

He  was  likewise  appointed  by  his  Majesty,  during  his  absence 
beyond  the  seas,  one  of  the  Lords  Justices  in  the  years  1740, 1743, 
J  745,  1750,  and  1752. 

During  the  session  of  parliament  in  17^4,  he  fell  sick  of  a  dan* 
gerous  erysi{)elas,  of  which,  however,  he  seemed  to  be  very  near 
recovered}  but  too  assiduously  attending  the  public  service,  before 
fats  health  was  sufficiently  re-established,  he  was,  iBoon  after, 
seized  with  a  violent  fever,  which,  in  £ve  days,  put  a  period  to 
his  life,  at  his  house,  in  Arlington -street,  St.  James's,  on  Wed- 
nesday morning,  March  6th,  at  the  age  of  sixty.  He  was  privately 
carried  out  of  town,  according  to  his  desire,  and  interred  with  bis 
ancestors,  at  Laughton,  the  ]  4th  of  the  same  month.? 

"  He  being  (says  Coxe)  of  a  Whig  family,  closely  attached 
himself  to  the  partizans  of  the  Brunswick  line,  and  distinguished 
himself  against  the  rebels,  as  a  Captain  of  Dragoons,  in  the  regi* 
noent  of  Major-general  Dormer."  He  was,  soon  after  the  resig- 
nation of  Sir  Robert  Walpole,  nominated,  1743,  to  be  head  of  the 
Treasury,  "  by  the  secret  influence  of  Sir  Robert,  who  prevailed 
on  the  King  to  place  him  there,  in  opposition  to  the  earnest  soli- 
citations of  Carteret,  in  favour  of  bis  friend  and  patTon«  the  Earl 
of  Bath.    Before  his  nomination  to  the  Treasury,  he  had  filled  tb» 

%  He  repaired  and  beautified  the  celebrated  seat  at  Esber,  in  Surrey,  on  the 
banks  of  the  Thames,  and  laid  out  the  grounds,  under  the  direction  of  Kent,  in 
the  manner  since  adopted,  and  improved  upon*  This  seat  was  told  foe  kss  than 
30|00ol.  by  his  grandson,  the  late  Lord  Sondes,  in  July,  1805* 


620  PEERAGE  OF  ENGIAND. 

offices  of  Secretary  at  War,  and  Paymaster  of  the  Forces."  "  Mr. 
Pelham  (continues  Coxe)  displayed,  in  his  respective  offices,  great 
method  and  application  to  business 3  in  his  first  efforts  in  parlia- 
ment^ be  was  confused  and  inelegant,  but  he  improved  by  prac- 
tice^ and  became  an  able  debater  j  and^  to  use  the  expressions  of 
Lord  Chesterfield,  '  spoke  with  a  certain  candour  and  openness, 
that  made  him  well  heard,  and  generally  believed.*  He  managed 
the  finances  with  extreme  care  and  probity ;  and  with  as  much 
economy  as  was  compatible  with  the  profuse  expenditure  of  pub- 
lic money,  which  the  system*  of  foreign  affairs,  adopted  by  his 
brother,  had  rendered  necessary:  he  also  gained  great  popularity 
and  credit,  by  reducing  the  interest  of  the  national  debt.  He  was 
inferior  to  his  brother  in  quickness  of  apprehension;  but  had  a 
sounder  judgment,  and  more  accommodating  temper,  which  en- 
abled him  to  unite  and  keep  together  the  discordant  parts  of  the 
heterogeneous  administration.****  But  it  was  a  misfortune  to  him, 
that  *'  he  was  constantly  drawn,  and  generally  dragged,  by  the 
Duke  of  Newcastle,  and  though  always  disag^eing  with  his  bro- 
ther, yet  from  his  love  of  peace,  and  his  aversion  to  disunite  the 
Whig  party,  he  finally  yielded,  and  continued  to  support  his  pro- 
jects." ''  His  death  (adds  Coxe)  was  a  great  loss  to  his  country, 
and  to  his  party.  England  being  on  the  eve  of  a  war  wiih  France, 
great  exertions  were  necessary,  and  unanimity  requisite,  id  en- 
force those  exertions,  and  to  excite  a  spirit  and  zeal  among  all 
xorders  of  men  in  the  kingdom.  His  loss  to  hb  party  was  almast 
irreparable;  his  integrity  was  almost  universally  acknowledged; 
bis  complacent  temper,  and  conciliating  manners,  had  cemented 
the  discordant  parts  of  his  heterogeneous  administration;  his  pre- 
ponderating influence  in  the  House  of  Commons  repressed  those 
ambitious  spirits  who  aspired  to  the  supreme  direction  of  affairs, 
and  his  death  opened  a  new  scene  of  competition,  which  distracted 

the  counsels  of  the  cabinet.'*  ^ 

■ 

He  married,  on  October  29th,  1 726,  the  Lady  Catherine,  daugh- 
ter of  his  Grace,  John  Manners,  Duke  of  Rutland;  and  by  her 
Ladyship,  who  was  Keeper  of  Greenwich-park,  and  who  died  at 
her  house  at  Whitehall,  18th  February,  J  780,  aged  seTcnty-nine, 
had  issue  two  sons,  and  six  daughters. 

"  His  two  sons,  Thomas,  and  Henry,  died  of  an  epidemical  sore 
throat;  the  youngest,  on  November  27th,  1 739,  in  the  fourth  year 
of  his  age;  and  Thomas,  the  day  following,  aged  ten  years  and 
twenty-eight  days. 

^  Coxe*i  Lord  Walpok,  251,  25a.    .  <  Ibid.  409. 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  521 

Of  hb  612  daughters,  Lucy  deceased  February  6th,  1739-'JO,  in 
the  twelfth  year  of  her  age;  and  Dorothy  died  an  infant. 

His  four  surviving  daughters  were,  Catharine,  bom  July  24th, 
1727,  married,  on  October  l6th,  17 44,  to  her  cousin,  Henry 
Clinton,  Earl  of  Lmcoln,  afterwards  Duke  of  Newcastle,  and 
died  27th  July,  1  JdO. 

The  second  daughter,  Frances,  born  August  18th,  1728,  died 
1805. 

Grace,  the  third  daughter,  bom  in  January  1734-5,  and  was 
married  on  October  12th,  1752,  to  Lewis  Monson  Watson,  the 
first  Lord  Sondes,  and  died  July  3d,  1777;  and  Mary,  the  youngest, 
born  in  September  1 739^  died  unmarried. 

The  said  Thomas,  second  Lokd  Pblham,  and  first  Dukb 
of  Nrwcastlb,  was  born  on  August  1st,  N.S.  1693,  and  by  the 
last  will  and  testament  of  his  uncle,  John  Holies,  Duke  of  New- 
castle, who  died  on  July  15th,  1711,  by  a  fall  from  his  horse, 
was  adopted  his  heir,*'  and  authorized  to  bear  the  name  and  arms 

ofHoLLES. 

On  the  accession  of  King  George  f .  (for  whose  succession  he 
had  shewn  hiicself  a  strenuous  partizan,  both  within  doors  and 
without),  he  was  constituted,  October  10th,  1714,  Lord  Lieute- 
nant of  the  county  of  Middlesex,  city  and  liberty  of  Westminster, 
as  also  of  the  county  of  Nottingham,  and  Custos  Rotulorum 
thereof;  likewise  on  October  22d,  Steward,  Keeper,  and  Warden 
of  the  forest  of  Sherwood,  and  park  of  Folewood,  in  the  said 
county  of  Nottingham.'    And  his  Majesty  was  pleased  to  create 
faim  by  letters  patents,  dated  October  26th,  1714,  in  the  said  first 
year  of  his  reign,  £axl  of  Clare,  in  the  county  of  Svffolki  and 
Viscount  Haughton,  in  Nottinghamshire,  with  remainder,  for 
-want  of  issue  male,  to  the  Hon.  Henry  Pelham,  £sq.  his  brother, 
and  the  heirs  male  of  his  body. 

Also,  by  letters  patents,  bearing  date  August  2d,  1715,  2  Geo.  I. 
he  was  created  MARauis  of  Clare,  and  Duke  of  Newcastle, 
with  the  like  remainder  to  his  said  brother,  Henry  Pelham,  Esq. 

On  April  2d,  17^7 »  his  Grace  was  married  to  the  Lady  Harriot 
Godolphin,  eldest  daughter  and  coheir  of  Francis,  Earl  Godol- 
phin,  by  the  Lady  Henrietta,  his  wife,  eldest  daughter  and  coheir 
of  his  Grace,  John,  first  Duke  of  Marlborough.  And  on  the  15th 
of  that  month  he  was  declared  Lord  Chamberlain  of  his  Majesty's 

k  Ex  Reglst.  vocat.  FUgg,  No.  ^48.   Quire  102,  in  Cur.  Pnerog.  Cantuar. 

1  Point*  Cbron.  Hist.  Vol.  III.  p.  990. 


522  P££RAG£  OF  ENGLAND. 

Household  3  and  the  next  day  sworn  one  of  the  PriTj-couocil. 
On  November  28th,  the  same  year,  his  Grace,  by  the  King's 
command,  stood  godfather  with  his  Majesty,  at  the  baptism  of 
Prince  George  William,  son  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  (late  Geo.  II.) 
which  his  Highness  (who  intended  that  his  uncle,  the  Bishop  of 
Osnaburgh,  should  be  one  of  the  sponsors  by  proxy)  resented  in 
such  passionate  expressions  to  his  Grace,  that  if  a  former  differ- 
ence did  not  subsist  between  the  King  and  Prince,  it  produced  an 
open  breach  at  that  time,  one  consequence  of  which  was  an  order 
for  the  latter  to  quit  his  apartments  at  St.  James's  next  day. 

In  1718,  at  a  chapter  held  at  St.  Jamess,  March  31st,  his 
Grace  was  elected  one  of  the  Knights  of  the  most  noble  Order  of 
the  Garter}  and  installed  at  Windsor,  on  April  30tb  following. 

On  May  22d,  1/18,  his  Grace  was  one  of  the  Peers  commis- 
sioned by  his  Majesty,  who  signed  at  the  Cockpit,  Whitehall  (in 
conjunction  with  the  Imperial  Plenipotentiary  and  others),  the 
treaty  of  alliance  between  our  then  Sovereign,  the  Emperor,  and 
the  King  of  France,  pursuant  to  a  convention  between  his  Bri- 
tannic Majesty  and  the  French  Kiug. 

On  May  9th,  1719,  he  was  declared  one  of  the  Lords  Justices 
for  the  administration  of  the  government,  during  his  Majesty  s 
absence  5  in  which  high  trust  his  Grace  was  also,  in  the  years 
1720  and  1723. 

On  April  2d,  1724,  his  Grace,  resigning  his  post  of  Lord  Cham- 
berlain, was  declared  one  of  his  Majesty's  Principal  Sscketa- 
RiBS  OF  State  j  and  on  the  6th  of  the  same  month  was  sworn 
at  St.  James's,  and  took  his  seat  at  the  council  board.  On  June 
2d,  1725,  he  was  again  declared  one  of  the  Lords  Justices.  In 
April  1726  he  was  chosen  Recorder  of  Nottingham;  and  on  May 
31st,  1727^  was  a  fifth  time  nominated  one  of  the  Lords  Justices; 
and  on  the  accession  of  George  IL  to  the  throne  that  year,  his 
Grace  was  continued  in  all  his  places,  and  sworn  of  his  Privy, 
council. 

In  July,  1 737,  his  Grace  was  chosen  High  Steward  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Cambridge.  On  May  12th,  1740,  his  Grace  was  again 
declared  one  of  the  Lords  Justices;  and  was  also  in  that  high  and 
important  trust  in  1743,  1745,  and  1748,  during  his  Majesty's 
absence;  in  which  last-mentioned  year  he  also  attended  his  Ma- 
jesty, as  principal  Secbetabt  of  State.  On  December  14th, 
1748^  his  Grace  was  unanimously  elected  Chancellor  of  the  Uni- 
verbity  of  Cambridge,  in  a  very  full  senate;  and  was  installed 
there  in  person  on  July  1st,  }749, 


EARL  OP  CHICHESTER.  ^23 

It  must  be  remembered  to  the  honour  of  hts  Gracp,  that  for 
the  eocouragemeut  and  emulation  of  the  students  in  literature,  be 
for  some  years  bestowed  an  annual  gift  of  two  gold  medals^  of  the 
value  of  ten  guineas  each,  to  two  Bachelors  of  Arts,  who  wejre 
judged  to  have  made  the  best  proficiency  in  classical  as  well  as 
philosophical  learning. 

On  April  15th,  1750,  the  King  declaring  his  intentions  of  visit- 
ing his  dominions  in  Germany,  his  Grace  was  one  of  the  Lords 
Justices  then  appointed  3  likewise  attended  his  Majesty  in  his 
office  of  principal  Secretary  of  State,  during  his  Majesty's  stay  at 
Hanover. 

Also  on  March  30th,  1752,  his  Majesty  declaring  his  resolution 
of  visiting  his  dominions  in  Germany,  he  was  in  the  same  high 
trust  of  one  of  the  Lords  Justices,  and  likewise  attended  on  his 
Majesty  abroad  that  summer.  His  brother,  Henry,  deceasing,  as 
already  mentioned,  on  March  6th,  17^4,  his  Majesty  was  pleased, 
on  the  16th  following,  to  appoint  bis  Grace  to  succeed  him,  as 
FIRST  CoMMissioNBR  fwT  exccuting  the  office  of  Trbasuhbh  of 
his  Majesty* s  ExcHEauER. 

On  the  23d  of  the  same  month,  he  resigned  the  seals  of  the 
office  of  one  of  his  Majesty's  principal  Secretaries  of  State.  His 
Majesty  in  council  at  St.  James's,  April  26tb,  1755,  declaring  his 
intention  of  going  out  of  the  kingdom  for  a  short  time,  his  Grace 
was  again  appointed  one  of  the  Lords  Justices,  till  his  Majesty's 
return. 

His  Grace,  having  resigned  his  place  in  the  Treasury,  was  on 
November  13th,  1756,  created  Dukb  op  Newcastle  under 
Line,  in  Staffordshire,  to  hold  to  him  and  his  heirs  male,  and  in 
^ault  thereof  to  Henry,  Earl  rf  Lincoln,  and  his  heirs  male  by 
Catherine,  his  Lordship's  wife.  On  July  2d,  1757,  he  was  re- 
placed  at  the  head  of  the  Treasury,  but  quitted  bis  scat  there  in 
May  J  762,  on  being  created  Baron  Pelham,  op  Stanmer,  in 
Sussex,  on  the  4th  of  that  month,  tvith  remainder,  in  failure  of 
heirs  male  of  his  own  body,  to  Thomas  Pelham,  of  Stanmer  afore- 
said,  Esq.  and  his  issue  male.  In  December  that  year,  he  quitted 
bis  oiBces  of  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Gustos  Rotulorum  of  the  county 
of  Middlesex,  and  of  the  city  and  liberty  of  Westminsterj  and  in 
January  following,  he  resigned  his  places  of  Lord  Lieutepant  and 
Gustos  Rotulorum  of  the  county  of  Nottingham,  and  of  the  town 
of  Nottingham,  and  county  of  the  same,  and  of  Steward  and 
Keeper  of  the  forest  of  Sherwood  and  park  of  Folewood,  in  Notr 
tingbacnshire. 


624  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

*^  He  was  born  (says  Coxe)  in  August^  16^4;  and^  on  the 
death  of  his  father,  succeeded  to  the  Barony  of  Pelham :  be  inhe- 
rited a  large  part  of  the  great  estate  of  his  uncle,  who  had  no 
issue  male,  and  took  the  name  of  Holies.  Soon  after  the  acces- 
sion of  George  I.  he  was  created  Earl  of  Clare;  and,  in  1715, 
Duke  of  Newcastle.  He  supported  the  administration  of  his  bro- 
ther-in-law. Lord  Townshcnd^  but,  on  the  schism  of  the  Whig 
administration,  in  17^7 »  he  attached  himself  to  Stmderland,  by 
whose  influence  he  was  appointed  Lord  Chamberlain  of  the 
Household^  and  invested  with  the  Order  of  the  Garter.  On  the 
coalition,  which  took  place  in  172/0,  between  Sunderland  and 
Townshend,  he  joined  his  former  friend.  During  the  struggle  in 
the  cabinet  between  Townshend  and  Walpole  on  one  side,  and 
Carteret  and  Cadogan  on  the  other,  he  uniformly  attached  him- 
self to  the  brother  ministers.  His  devotion  to  their  cause  was  so 
warm,  and  his  consequence  as  one  of  the  great  Whig  leaders  so 
highly  appreciated,  that  be  was  solely  admitted  into  the  most  in- 
timate confidence,  and  intrusted  with  the  most  secret  transactions. 
When  it  became  necessary  to  remove  Carteret  from  the  office  of 
Secretary  of  State,  Newcastle  was  selected  as  the  fittest  person  to 
fill  that  station,  which,  in  consequence  of  the  alliance  with  France, 
was  a  post  of  the  highest  delicacy  and  importance.  Newcastle 
was  thirty  years  of  age  when  he  was  raised  to  this  office;  and^  as 
he  succeeded  Carteret,  whose  knowledge  of  foreign  affairs,  and 
talents  for  business,  were  duly  appreciated,  his  appointment  to  so 
important  a  trust  was  contemptuously  spoken  of,  and  the  new 
Secretary  was  considered  as  not  capable  of  fully  discharging  the 
duties  of  his  office.  His  outward  appearance  and  manners  seemed 
to  justify  this  observation.  He  was  trifling,  and  embarrassed  in 
conversation,  always  eager,  and  in  a  hurry  to  transact  business, 
yet  without  due  method.  He  was  unbounded  in  flattery  to  those 
above  him,  or  whose  interest  he  was  desirous  to  conciliate,  and 
highly  gratified  with  the  grossest  adulation  to  himself.  The  faci- 
lity with  which  he  made  and  broke  his  promises  became  almost 
proverbial.  He  was  not  sufficiently  considerate  to  his  secretaries 
and  subordinate  clerks,  exacting  from  them  a  large  sacrifice  of 
time  and  labour;  and  to  his  immediate  dependents  he  was  fretful 
and  capricious.  With  these  unfavourable  appearances,  he  gave 
few  symptoms  of  the  talents  which  he  undoubtedly  possessed.  In 
fact,  he  had  much  better  abilities  than  are  usually  attributed  to 
him.  He  had  a  quick  comprehension;  he  was  a  useful  and  fre- 
quent debater  in  the  House  of  Peers;  had  an  answer  ready  on  all 


EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.  525 

oocasioDS>  and  spoke  with  great  animation^  though  with  little  ar- 
rangement^  and  without  grace  or  dignity.  He  wrote  with  un- 
cocnmon  facility^  and  with  such  fluency  of  words^.  that  no  one 
ever  used  a  greater  variety  of  expressions:  it  is  a  remarkable  cir- 
cumstance>  that  in  his  most  confidential  letters,  written  with  such 
expedition  as  to  be  almost  illegible,  there  is  scarcely  a  single 
erasure  or  alteration.  His  temper  was  peevish  and  fretful,  and 
he  was  always  jealous  of  those  with  whom  he  acted.  With  these 
habits,  and  this  disposition,  and  under  the  necessity  of  struggling 
against  the  deep-rooted  aversion  of  Greorge  II.  it  is  a  matter  of 
surprise  that  he  so  long  retained  his  power;  for  if  we  reckon  from 
his  first  promotion  to  the  post  of  Lord  Chamberlain,  to  his  resig- 
nation, at  the  commencement  of  the  reign  of  George  III.  he 
continued  to  fill  a  high  situation  at  court,  for  the  period  of  six. 
and-forty  years.  This  long  continuance  in  office  was  owing  to 
his  situation,  as  chief  leader  of  the  Whigs,  to  his  princely  fortune 
and  profusion  of  expense,  to  the  high  integrity  and  disinterested- 
ness of  his  character,  and  to  the  uniform  support  which  he  gave 
to  the  house  of  Brunswick.  As  a  subordinate  minister,-  acting 
under  superior  influence,  his  zeal  and  activity  were  highly  useful  j 
and  his  want  of  order  and  warmth  of  temper  were  counteracted 
and  modified  by  the  method  and  prudence  of  Walpole.  But  when 
be  was  placed  at  the  head  of  affairs,  he  became  distracted  with 
the  multiplicity  of  business,  yet  unwilling  to  divide  it  with  others. 
Weakness  of  counsels,  fluctuation  of  opinion,  and  deficiency  of 
spirit,  marked  his  administration,  during  an  inglorious  period  of 
uxteen  years;  from  which  England  did  not  recover  until  the  me* 
diocrity  of  his  ministerial  talents,  and  the  indecision  of  his  cha- 
racter, were  controlled  by  the  ascendency  of  Pitt."™ 

His  Grace  departed  this  life,  November  17th,  1768,  and  his 
Duchess  survived  till  July  17th,  177^*  and  were  both  buried  at 
Lac^hton.*  Having  no  issue,  the  title  of  Duke  of  Newcastle  under 
Line  descended  to  Henry,  Earl  of  Lincoln;  and  that  of  Baron 
Pelham,  i^Sianmer,  in  Sussex,  to  Thomas  Pelham,  of  Stanmer, 
Esq.  grandson  of  John  Pelham,  younger  brother  to  the  first  Lord 

Pelham. 

Which  Thomas,  Lokd  Pelham,  first  Earl  of  Chichester, 
while  a  Commoner,  served  in  several  parliaments  for  the  county  of 
Sussex;  was  also  one  of  the  Commissioners  of  Trade  and  Planta- 
tions in  the  late  reigo,  and  one  of  the  Lords  of  the  Admiralty  in 

■»  LifcofSirR.WalpoIe,  I.  327« 


520  P££RAG£  OF  ENGLAND. 

the  present,  hut  resigned  in  17<52.  On  July  20th,  17<S5,  was  ap- 
pointed Comptroller  of  his  Majesty's  Household,  which  post  he 
resigned  in  1774.  His  Lordship  was  appointed  Keeper  of  hb 
Majesty's  Great  Wardrobe,  November  10th,  1775. 

His  Lordship  was  afterwards  nominated  Surveyor  General  of 
the  Customs  in  the  port  of  London,  and  was  sworn  one  of  his 
Majesty's  most  honourable  Privy-council. 

On  June  23d,  1801,  his  Lordship  was  elevated  to  an  Earldom^ 
by  the  title  of  Earl  of  Chichbsteii,  in  Sussex. 

His  Lordship  married,  on  May  11th,  1754,  Anne,  only  dangh- 
ter  add  heiress  of  Frederick  Frankland,  Esq.  one  of  the  Commis- 
sioaers  of  Excise,  sixth  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Frankland,  Bart  by 
whom  he  had  issue, 

J.  Ttomas,  the  present  Earl. 

2.  Henrietta-Anne,  born  September  1st,  1757j  married.  May 
23d>  17S9,  George,  Lord  Leslie,  son  to  Jane-Elizabeth,  Countest 
of  Rothes,  and  died  December  5th,  1797,  leaving  issue  by  him 
three  daaghters. 

3.  Henry,  born  July  10th,  1759,  fortnerly  Captain  of  a  company 
in  the  foot  guards,  and  M.  P.  for  Lewes,  178O,  1784,  1790,  mar* 
ried,  November  2d,  1788,  Catharine,  eldest  daughter  of  Charles 
Cobb,  Esq.  (only  son  of  Charles,  late  Archbishop  of  Dublin,  by 
Lady  Elizabeth  Beresford,  sister  of  the  first  Marquis  of  Water- 
ford),  and  died  January  l6th,  1797>  leaving  three  daughters; 
Harriot,  Amelia,  and  Catharine. 

4.  Frances,  born  December  4th,  176O9  married,  December  3d, 
1778,  to  George,  Viscount  Middleton,  and  died  June  28th,  ]783» 
leaving  issue  one  daughter,  Frances- Anne. 

5.  Lucy,  born  February  22d,  17^33  married,  December  2(^b, 
1^794,  John,  Lord  Sheffield,  and  died  January  18th,  1797» 

6.  Amelia,  bom  July  19th,  I7d4. 

7.  George,  D.  D.  late  Lord  Bishop  of  Bristol,  and  now  Lord 
Bishop  of  Exeter,  bom  October  13th,  1766;  married,  December 
I4th,  1792,  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Rycroft,  Bart« 

8.  Frederick-John,  died  an  infant. 

His  Lordship  dying  January  8th,  J  805,  was  succeeded  by  his 
eldest  son, 

Thomas,  second  Earl  op  Chichester,  born  April  Sth,  1755; 
who  was  elected  M.P.  for  Sussex,  178O,  1784,  1790,  1796;  was 
made  Surveyor  General  of  the  Ordnance,  April  23d,  1782,  .ap- 
pointed Chief  Secretary  to  the  Earl  of  Northington,  Lord  Liente- 
nant  of  Ireland,  1788;  and  again  to  Earl  CnmdeDj  1795*  He 


EARL  OP  CHICHESTER.  52/ 

appointed  Secretary  of  State  for  the  Home  Department  1801; 
and  the  same  year,  June  20th«  called  up  by  writ  to  the  House 
of  Peers^  and  sat  by  his  father's  Barony  as  Lord  Pelhau.  Iq 
'  1803,  his  Lordship  was  appointed  Chancellor  of  the  Duchy  o£ 
Laiicaster.  In  1805^  he  succeeded  his  father  as  Earl  of  Chiches* 
ter;  apd  in  1807>  was  appointed  Joint  Postmaster-General. 

His  Lordship  married^  in  August  1801,  Lady  Mary  Henrietta 
Juliana  Olborne,  sister  to  the  present  Duke  of  Leeds^  by  whom 
he  has  had  issue, 

1.  Thonitfs,  born  June  2gth,  1802,  died  March  11th,  1803. 

2.  Lady  Mary,  bom  August  14th,  1803. 

3.  Henry-'thomas,  Lord  Pelham,  bom  August  23d,  1804. 

4.  Lady  Antelia-Rose,  bom  June  17th,  1806. 

5.  Frederick'Thomas,  born  August  2d,  1808. 

Titles,  ThoOias  Polbam,  Earl  of  Chichester,  Baron  Pelham 
of  Stanmer,  an4  Baronet. 

Creations,  Baronet,  May  22d,  I61I,  9  Jac.  I.;  and  Baron 
Pelham,  of  Staomer,  in  Sussex,  May  4th,  1762,  2  Greorge  III.  and 
Earl  of  Chichester,  June  23d,  1801. 

Arms,  Quaiterly^  in  the  first  and  fourth,  three  pelicans,  Argent 
(the  arms  01  felham),  and  in  the  second  and  third,  two  buckles. 

Crest.  On  a  wreath,  a  peacock  in  his  pride,  Argent;  and 
sometimes  a  buckle,  Argent,  in  memory  of  Sir  John  Pelham's 
making  John,  King  of  France,  prisoner. 

Supporters,  On  the  dexter  side,  a  horse,  mouse- dun  j  on  the 
sinister,  a  bear,  proper  3  each  collared,  or  gorged,  with  a  belt.  Ar- 
gent, strap  pendant,  buckle  and  studs.  Or. 

Motto,    ViNCiT  amor  patrxjb. 

Chief  Seat,    At  Stanmer,  In  the  county  of  Sussex. 


PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND, 


EGERTON,  EARL  OF  WILTON. 

Thb  origin  of  this  very  ancient  and  noble  family  hsa  been  givco 
under  the  titles  of  Earl  of  Bridgewaler,  Vol.  Hi.  p.  170;  and 
Earl  of  Cholmondeley,  Vol.  IV.  p.  16.  But  ai  the  Eakl  of 
WiLTOK  is  the  elder  branch  of  the  former  family,  !t  may  be  pro- 
per to  lecapitulate  the  early  part  of  the  honourable  descent  there 
stated. 

They  are  sprang  from  the  heiress  of  Robbrt  Pitzhugh,  Ba- 
ron OF  Malfas,  one  of  the  Barons  of  Hugh  Lupus,  Earl  of 
Chester,  at  the  time  of  the  Conqueror, 

Malpas  lies  in  the  hundred  of  Broxton,  in  Cheshire;  about  16 
miles  S.S.E,  from  Chester,  and  about  l65  N.  W.  from  London. 
The  parish  comprises  twenty-five  townships,  one  of  which,  Iscoyd, 
is  in  Flintshire  i  the  others  are,  Malpas,  Ogdta,  Bickerton,  Bick- 
ley,  Bradley,  Broxton,  Bulkeley,  Chidslough,  Cholmondeley, 
Chorlton,  Cuddington,  Duckiogton,  Edge,  ^erton,  Hampton, 
Larkton,  or  Larton,  Macefen,  Newton,  Oldcastle,  Overton,  Stock- 
ton, Tushingham-cum-Grindley,  Wichough,  or  Wichalgh,  and 
Wigland.' 

Robert  Fitzhugh  had  a  casUe  here,  of  which  the  keep  remains 
near  the  church.^ 

This  Robert  dying  without  issue  male,  left  an  only  "^dau^ter 

■  Lfiong's  Clieihirc,  p.  676.  ^  Ibid. 

'  L^tons,  p.  3J0,  and  676,  oiikd  lift  oaly  ■  f*i«r,  and  on  th:  opinion  of 
F.  Tomisend,  mikes  the  •Ihci  cohcii  marcy  Patrick ;  but  it  will  be  iicn  pn- 
aentl]',  on  the  Duthorily  of  ill  former  geoulot'tti,  that  Ptttlck's  ilUince  came 
by  a  subMqnent  marriage  in  the  illegitimite  line;  is  LfNni  makes  it  •! 
p.  67*. 


^  kdir,  married  ta  Wiuiam  k  Belward,  wlu>  jthps  btcwp 
fKWfessed  of  tbe  Barmy  of  Malpas.^  He  left  ismie  bf  lier>  Wil« 
LiA¥  le  Belwardy  f^on  o/"  Ifqlpas,  wbo  married  Beatrui^  daugh- 
ter* of  Hugh  Keyelioc,  fifth  £arl  of  Chcs^^  and  aister  and  co* 
bdr  of  Earl  Rantdpb.    He  left  issue, 

1.  David,  ancestor  of  this  family. 

2.  Robortj  who  settled  on  the  manor  of  ChohmmdfiUy^  within 
this  barony,  of  which  he  became  possessed  by  the  gift  of  his  fa** 
ther;  and  hence  assumed  the  sarname  of  Cbolmondblbt,  Hia 
aon.  Sir  Hugh  Cholmondeley»  had  a  grapt  of»manerial  rights  end 
privileges  in  Cholmondeley  from  Ranulph  de  BiundeviUe»  Earl  of 
Chester;  and  was  the  immediate  ancestor  of  George-James,  Earl 
of  Cholmondeley,  the  present  proprietor  of  the  manor  of  Chol- 
mondeley, who  is  Chamberlain  and  Vice-Admiral  of  the  county 
BsUitine/ 

3.  Richard,  taken  notice  of  by  Camden  in  his  Remains^  p. 

179. 

David  de  Malpas,  called  also  Le  Clerc,  from  being  Secretary 
to  the  Earl  of  Chester,  married  Margaret,  daughter  and  bdr  of 
Ralph  ap  Eynion,  by  Beatrix,  daughter  of  Ranulph,  the  second  of 
that  name.  Earl  of  Chester^  He  was  Justzcb  ov  Chbstbk,  and 
heid  three  knights  fee^  temp;  Henry  HI.    Hia  sons  were, 

1.  William,  Baron  of  Malpas,  who  left  no  Intimate  issue; 
but  he  left  a  bastard  son,  David,  who  obtruded  himself  into  the 
barony;  or  at  leaat  into  a  moiety  d  it,  which  was  inherited  by 
the  posterity  of  his  daughters,  to  the  exclusion  of  the  lawful  heirs. 


'  Lysons  allows  him  but  a  teoiety  of  the  Bwony,  for  thi  lesfon  gifcn  in  the 
Ittt  note. 

•  Some  suppose  her  to  have  been  an  iOegidhiate  daught^t  bat  I  lee  no  reasoa 
for  thli.  The  same  waa  pretended  of  Earl  Hugh's  daughteri  Afldda,  married  to 
the  ancestor  of  Sir  Thomas  Mainwariag,  of  Pever,  which  created  the  famous 
controversy  between  him  and  Sir  Peter  Leycester,  who  chose  to  take  ihe  scepdcal 
and  ill*tempercd  aide,  in  which  Sir  Thomas  is  acknowledged  to  hai«  clearly  ovea^ 
iome  him,  thdugh  a  very  able  and  labdrioaa  antiqaary.  See  Wood*8  Athene, 
Govgh's  Topography^  and  Lysons's  Cheshirey  p.  j^o. 

f  LysonSy  ut  aopr.  68 1* 

t  There  is  an  inconsistency  in  all  these  acconnts>  itgarding  the  entirety  or  di* 
▼ision  of  the  Barony  of  Malpas^  which  I  cannot  reconcile)  and  which  nothifag 
buta  fuller  search  into  the  ancient  records  than  has  hitherto  taken  place,  will 
ascertain.  It  ia  said  at  Vol.  III.  p.  1 7I9  from  former  printed  genealogies  of  this 
family,  that  by  th$  mait^  'unth  Eyt^^i  diuigker^  David  de  Malpas  became  posses- 
sed of  the  entire  Barony  of  Malpas  i  vis.  one  half  by  desteiit,  and  the  remainder 
in  right  of  his  wife. 

?0L,  T.  a  M 


530  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND 

Tbese  daogbten  wtn,  Beatrice^  married  to  William  Patrick, 
whose  heiiess  married  — —  SattoD,  ancestor  of  the  Lords  Dadleji 

and ,  married  to  Sir  UriaD  St.  Pierre>  whose  male  desoead- 

ants  became  extinct  in  the  early  part  of  the  fifteenth  centory; 
and  whose  heiresses  appear  to  have  married  into  the  fieimilies  of 
Coksey  and  Horton.^ 

2.  ^Philip  de  Malpas,  or  Da  Eobhtok^  which  name  he  took 
^m  the  lordship  of  Egerton,  in  the*Barony  of  Malpas^  which  lies 
about  eight  miles  South  by  West  from  Tarporley  j  and  on  which 
he  fixed  his  reudence  in  the  early  part  of  the  thirteenth  century.' 
He  left  issue,  by  Anghared»  sister  of  Richard  de  Halton^ 

David  de  Malpas,  or  Egerton,  his  son  and  heir,  who  was  heir 
to  his  unde,  WiUiam,  Baron  of  Malpas;  but  was  ousted  of  his  in- 
heritance by  his  uncle*8  bastard,  David,  before-mentioned.  Cam- 
den, however,  says  that  he  recovered  by  a  Writ  of  Recognizance, 
a  moiety  of  the  Barony  of  Malpas.  He  married  Cicely,  daughter 
of  Randal  de  Thometon  -,  by  whom  he  had 

Philip  de  Egerton,  his  son  and  heir,  who  was  Sheriff  of  Che- 
shire, 2  Edward  II.  He  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  Richard 
de  Wrenburg,  and  had  six  sons. 

Uryan,  second  son,  was  ancestor  to  the  Egertons  of  Caldecot^ 
Bettley,  WrinchiU,  Dynham,  Willoughby,  &c.  See  Vol.  Ill  p,  i;2. 

David  de  Malpas,  or  Egerton,  eldest  son,  was  Sheriff  of  Che- 
shire, 5  Edward  IL  and  J  Edward  IIL  and  by  Isabel  his  wife, 
daughter  of  Richard  Foulshurst,^^  of  Crewe,  had  four  sons, 

^  Lyfont,  p.  676,  makes  thii  marriage  to  have  been  direct  with  the  Suttoos, 
and  not  through  the  Patridu,  whom  he  makes  to  have  married^  belbic,  the  co* 
heir  of  Robert  Fitshugh ;  and  so  to  have  obtained  the  moiety  of  Malpas  j  but  at 
B*  3509  he  agiecs  with  the  common  accounts^  that  Sutton  derived  through  Pa- 
trick. 

*  Lywmi,  390,  541. 

^  There  were  two  other  sonit  Peter,  somamed  nnami  and  David,  somamed 

'  Sir  Rowland  Egerton,  first  Baronet,  devised  this  and  other  estates  to  his  ••- 
cond  ion.  Sir  Philip  Egerton,  Kjit.  ancestor  of  John  Egerton,  &q.  of  Oulton, 
M.  P.  for  Chester,  the  preient  proprietor.  The  old  hall  was  taken  down  abuuc 
the  year  1760 }  and  a  £irm-house  built  on  the  scite:  the  ancient  domestic  cha- 
pel itiU  remaint,  and  is  used  as  a  barn.    Xjum,  p.  6S3. 

">  The  FuUeshursts,  or  Foulhursts,  were  of  Edlaston,  In  the  reign  of  Edward  C. 
The  elder  branch  became  extinct  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VI.  A  younger  branch, 
by  marriage  with  the  heiress  of  Praert,  who  married  the  heiress  of  Crewe,  was 
possessed  of  Crgwi^EalL^  in  the  vvign  of  Edward  ill.  and  became  extinct  by  the 
death  of  Robert  Foulhiirat,  in  or  before  the  reign  of  Charles  I.    X)um»,  jSi. 

About  1300,  Joan,  tldeit  daugbttr  and  cobeircsa  of  Thomas  de  Crewe,  the  last 


tkUL  OF  WILTON.  531 

1.  I^HiLiP  EgertoDy  eldest  Eon,  married  Ellen^  daughter  of  Sir 
John  St.  Pierre,  and  by  her  had  a  son,  David,  who  married  a 
daughter  of  Venables  of  Kinderton,  but  died  1302,  without  issue; 
and  two  daughters,  who  became^ coheirs  to  their  brother;  viz, 
Ellen,  wife  of  Sir  John  Brereton,  Knt.;  and  Isabel,  wife  of  Sir 
John  Delves,  Knt.» 

2.  Urtan  Egerton,  brother  of  Philip,  and  heir-male  of  his 
nephew,  David,  succeeded  as  Ix>rd  of  Egerton.  He  altered  the 
bearing  of  his  ancestors,  by  changing  the  tinctures,  and  adding  to 
the  three  phewis,  the  lion  rampant.  Gules  (as  now  used,  being  ac- 
cording to  tradition,  an  augmentation  granted  for  his  ser^'ices  in 
the  Scotch  wars.)  He  married  Amelia,  daughter  of  John  War- 
borton,  of  Warbnrton,  Esq.  by  whom  he  had 

Philip  Egerton,  of  Egerton,  his  son  and  heir,  who,  by  Marga- 
ret, daughter  of  David  de  Malpas  de  Hampton,  aunt  and  coheir 
to  her  nephew,  David,  was  father  of 

Sir  JoHn  Egerton,  of  Egerton,  Knt.  who,  with  Sir  Hugh  Ve- 
nables,  Sir  Thomas  Dutton,  Sir  Richard  Molineux,  Sir  William 

male  heir  of  the  elder  hnnch  of  the  fainlly»  mtrricd  Richard  Praen,  whoie  grand- 
daughter brought  Crewcy  in  marriage^  to  Sir  Robert  Foulburat,  one  of  Lord  Aad- 
ky's  Esquires  at  the  battle  of  Poictiers^  whose  monument  in  Bartholomew  church 
is  engrared  by  Lysoiu,  p,  447.    Sre  also  ih,  p,  joo* 

B  It  appears  by  a  book  of  evidencef  belonging  to  the  Rev.  Sir  Thomas  Brough- 
ton,  Barr.  that  as  early  as  37  Edward  III.  Sir  John  Delves,  who  married  Isabella 
Egertniy  was  adjudged  to  be  entitled,  in  right  of  his  wife,  to  a  portion  of  the  Ba- 
rony of  Malpas.  It  appears  also,  by  records  in  the  Exchequer  at  Chester,  thut 
Sir  William  Brereton  was  possessed  as  early  as  the  year  1484,  2  Richard  III.  of 
a  portion  of  the  Barony  of  Malpas*  vis.  a  fourth  of  one  moiety  of  the  manor  of 
"Malpasy  a  moiety  of 'another  fourth;  and  the  fourth  turn  of  the  pressniaclon  to 
•ne  mediety  of  the  rectory.    Zfjaur,  677* 

The  BrereCons  had  law-suits  with  David  le  Malpas,  th*  Btttlmti,  and  recoverrd 
part  jof  the  Barony.  About  I  j27,  John  Sutton,  Lord  Dudley,  conveyed  the  mm- 
mr  dud  casth nf  Malpas,  and  three  fourths  of  the  Barony,  to  George  Robinson, 
and  others.  In  1536,  he  alienated  another  portion  of  the  Barony,  and  large  rstatea 
IB  Malpas,  and  elsewhere,  to  Sir  Rowland  Hill.  In  1560,  Sir  RoaUuiJ  settled  a 
Ibortfa  part  of  the  Barony  of  Malpas*  and  large  estates  in  this  parish,  on  his  niece, 
Alice  Greetwood,  who  married  Reginald  Corbet,  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Com- 
HMD' Pitas.  Sir  Richard  Corbet,  his  son,  sold  this  estate  in  1587,  to  Sir  Randal 
£icretoo»  of  SioeUaekt  whose  daughter  and  heiress  married  Sir  Richard  Egerton . 
It  now 'belongs  to  the  Earl  of  Cholmondeley»  whose  ancestor  purchased  it  of  the 
Egertonst  in  1636.  The  remainder  of  the  Barony,  and  large  estates  in  Malpus, 
became  vested,  partly,  perhaps,  by  purchase  (by  Sir  William  Brereton,  of  George 
Robinson),  and  partly  by  descent,  in  the  Breretons,  of  Brereton,  of  whom  they 
were  purchased  in  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  by  Sir  WiUi«m  Drake,  of  Shardeloes, 
inAmeisham^  Bocks»  ancestor  to  the  present  Thomas  Drake  Tvrwb It  Drake, 
£s^.  of  Shardebes,  M.P.     fysom,  677. 


sn  P£BBA6B  OF  {MGLAND. 


Trootbeck,  Sr  John  Lq^,  Sir  John  Done,  and  aumy  othen  of 
the  knights  and  chief  gentlemen  of  Cbeslure^  was  slain  at  the 
memorable  batde  fimght  on  Bloore-Heath^  in  Staffwishirey  Sep- 
tember 23d,  1459,  between  the  Lord  Andley,  General  for  King 
Heniy  VI.  and  Richard  Ne?ile»  Earl  of  Salisburjr,  on  the  side  cf 
Richard  Plantagenet,  Duke  of  York. 

Drayton  (as  Lysons  well  observes),®  strongly  depicts  in  his 
PoljI'Alhion  (Song  XXII.)  the  divisi<Mi  of  the  Cbeshiie  gentry  in 
this  memorable  battle,  by  supposing  that  those  brave  Knights, 
who  are  recorded  to  have  been  left  dead  on  the  field,  fell  each  by 
the  hands  of  a  relative. 

*9  There  Dutton  Dutton  kills;  a  Done  doth  kill  a  Done; 

A  Booth  a  Booth;  and  Leigh  by  Leigh  is  overthrown; 

A  Venables  against  a  Venables  doth  stand; 

And  Trootbeck  fighteth  with  a  Troutbeck  hand  to  hand; 

There  Molineux  doth  make  a  Molineux  to  die; 

And  Egerton  the  strength  of  Egerton  doth  try* 

Oh  I  Cheshire !  wert  thou  mad  of  thine  own  native  gore; 

So  moch  nntil  this  day  thou  never  shed'st  before! 

Above  two  thousand  men  upon  the  earth  were  thrown. 

Of  whom  the  greatest  part  were  naturally  thine  own.*' 

Sir  John  had  issue  by  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Fitton,^ 

o  p.  308. 

f  The  FictoiM  were  in  aacient  Cheshire  ftmily.  The  elder  bnacb,  who  vere 
of  Boleyn-HaUt  ia  WUmeloWi  Kven  mike  from  Macclesfield,  became  ejcrioct 
ahovt  the  year  1370^  wheo  the  heiress  married  Venablet  (whete  heiress  married 
Booth,  whoie  heir  is  the  prtseat  Earl  of  Stamford*)  The  Finww  of  Pownall,  a 
yonnser  branch,  became  exdnct  about  1500.  Those  of  Garden  coatiniMd  theca 
in  1666 1  but  are  auppoaad  to  haTe  become  extinct.    Xfjow^  381* 

The  Fittofis  of  Oawsworth,  another  younger  branch  of  the  PomuU  fandly,  be« 
came  extinct  about  1643,  in  the  direct  line,  by  the  death  of  Sir  Edward  Fitton. 

John  Fitton,  of  Bollin,  married  Cicely,  sister  and  coheir  of  Sir  Hamon  Massejra 
sizth  Baron  of  Dunham  Massey,  and  daughter  of  Sir  Hamon  Maasey^  fifth  BaroOf 
by  Alice,  daughter  of  Humphry  de  Beaochamp* 

His  younger  brother,  Thomas  Fitton^  living  1335,  married  laabel,  daughtar 
and  heir  of  Thomas  Oresby,  of  Gawtivwtk,  about  three  miles  S,  W.  fiom  Blac« 
cleafield.  John  Fitton,  of  Gawaewor.h,  was  father  (by  a  daughter  of  Breretta), 
of  Sir  Edward  Fitton,  of  Oawseworth,  who,  by  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Gaiacaid 
Harbottle,*  Knight,  was  father  of  Sir  Edwaid,  who  waa  SberiflT  of  Cheshire,  23 
Henry  VIU.  and  made  Knight  of  the  Bath  at  the  coronation  of  Qiieen  Anae 
Boleyn,  15  Henry  VIU.    He  married  Anne,  daughUr  of  Peter  Warbarton,  Esq. 


♦  See  Vol.  II.  p.  308,  3*6,  (ait.  Korthiunberland.) 


EARt  OP  WILTOM^.  333 

of  Cheshire,  Knt    t.  Phifip.    2.  William.   S.Ralph.   4.  Hagh. 
5*  Feter. 

and  WIS  fmther  of  Sir  Edward  fiXUm^  Treamncr  of  Iiebady  temp»  Qjkm  SUsabcch 
(Francis  Fittos,  who  married  the  widow  of  Heoxy  Percy,  Earl  of  NocUnMsbar- 
land,  who  died  1583,  was  probably  another  son.]*     He  married  Alice,  daoghter 
and  heir  of  Sir  John  Holcroft,  of  Holcroft,  in  Cheshire,  by  whom  he  had  three 
sans,  Edward,  Richard,  and  Alexander;  which  last  lettled  at  Cork,  in  Ireland, 
and  left  issue,  William,  ktrt^tr  mfwAomd,    Sir  Edward,  eldest  ton,  of  Gawse* 
worth,  having  a  good  estate  in  Iialaad,  resided  prioeipally  in  Ireland,  where  he- 
was  Lord  President  of  Muoster.    He  was  a  learned  ntan,  and  M.  A.  of  Oxford  1 
and  dying  1605,  was  buried  at  Gawieworth.    His  sister,  Margaiet,  married  Sir 
Randle  Manwaring,  of  Pever  (whose  eldest  son.  Sir  Randle,  was  grandfather  of  Sir 
Henry,  made  a  Baronet,  x66o  j  and  whose  second  ion,  Edmund,  LL.D.   was  fa« 
ther  of  Sir  William,  killed  on  the  walls  of  Chester,  1644;  u*  Lffsont^t  Cluslurt^ 
574;  and  whose  yoongeit  son.  Sir  Philip,  was  Secretary  to  the  Earl  of  Strafford 
in  Ireland,  and  died  1 66 1 .)  Sir  Edward  Fitton*s  son,  Sir  Edward,  of  Gawteworth, 
was  created  a  Baronet,  161 7;  and  dying  16:9,  left  by  Anne,  daughter  of 
Barret,  an  only  son.  Sir  Edward  Fitton,  Bart,  an  eminent  loyalist,  who  was  Co- 
lonel of  a  regiment  at  the  siege  of  Bristol,  where,  on  its  surrender,  being  left  in 
the  garrison  by  Prince  Rupert,  he  died  of  a  consumption,  1643,  without  issue, 
though  twice  married.  His  sisters  became  his  coheirs;  of  whom,  Penelope,  mar- 
ried Sir  Charles  Gerrard,  Knt.  father  of  Charles,  Earl  of  Macclesfield;  Mary, 
married  Sir  John  Brereton,  Knt.  son  and  heir  of  Williami  Lord  Erereton;  Jane, 
to  Thomas  Minsholl,  £$(}.;  and  Frances,  to  Henry  Manwaring,  of  Carrincham, 
Esq.    After  Sir  Edward's  death,  great  contests  aro^^e  about  his  estate.    His  sisten, 
as  coheirs,  entered  on  it;  and  upon  three  several  verdicts  and  judgments  at  law, 
were  evicted  out  of  it  by  Mr.  ffiUiam  Fitton,  son  of  Jlexander  Fitton^  tetotid  mrvh' 
h^tan^f  Sir  Edward  Fitton,  TrMsurer  of  Inland,  by  virtue  of  a  conveyance  al- 
ledged  to  be  made  by  Sir  Edward  Fitton  (on  hh  death  without  issue),  on  his  next 
male  kinsman,  the  said  William  Fitton,  and  the  heirs  male  of  his  body.     Accocd- 
ingly  the  said  William,  and  his  son,  Alexander  Fitton,  enjoyed  for  some  years  the 
said  estate.    But  after  the  Restoration,  the  Lord  Gerrard  (afterwards  Earl  of  Mac- 
clesfield), commenced  a  suit  against  the  said  Alexander,  son  of  the  said  William 
Fitton,  on  a  Will  he  produced  of  the  said  Sir  Edward  Fitton,  his  uncle,  devising 
the  estate  to  him,  on  which  a  trial  at  the  King's  Bench  Bar  ensued ;  and  the  said 
Alexander  set  forth  a  deed  poll,  bearing  date  3d  April,  18  Car.  I.  wherein  the  said 
Sir  Edward  Fitton  debarred  himself  to  settle  (in  case  he  had  no  issue),  his  estate 
by  will  on  any  others.    But  the  jury,  after  a  fiill  hearing,  found  ibr  the  Lord  Ger- 
rard, who  at^rwards  got  possession  of  the  said  estate,  and  maintained  it  against 
the  pretensions  of  the  Fittons,  who  gave  him  much  disturbaPjce  by  several  suits,  as 
may  be  seen  more  at  large  in  their  several  printed  Narrativos,  wherein  each  charges 
the  other  with  perjury  and  forgery.     CoUhu^s  Baroneta^t,  1720,  ^.  /•  /•  447* 
450. 

The  immediate  representative  of  these  Fittons  is,  '^  lately  was,  living  at  Cork, 
in  Iiekuid.  The  arms  of  this  family  were,  Arg.  fjnahtnd,  Ax,  itreiffirhh  Or. 
Crestf  On  a  ckapiau^  jtz,  finti^  fife,  a  rottpropcf. 


•  Set  VoL  ir.  p.  30I,  326  (flit.  Northumberland.) 


534  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND* 

Philip  Egtrion,  of  Egerton,  eldest  son,  had  istoe  bj  Maigauet, 
daughter  of  William  Mainwartng,  of  Ightiield,  Esq. 

1.  William  Egerton,  of  EgertoOy  who  died  witboat  issue. 

2.  Jobn,  ancettor  to  the  Earl  of  JVilton. 

8.  Sir  Ralpb,  of  Ridley,  ancestor  tj  the  Dukes,  and  Earls  of 
Bridgewater,  for  whom,  see  Vol.  II.  p.  173. 

John  Egerton,  second  son,  and  at  length  heir,  succeeded  bis 
brother,  William,  at  Egerton,  and  marri^  Elizabeth,  daughter 
and  heir  of  Hugh  Done,  of  Oulton,  Esq.  by  the  heiress  of  Kings- 
ley,  of  the  same  place,**  Esq.  Inland '  mentions  this  John,  as 
the  eldest  house  of  the  Egertons.  By  Elizabeth  Done  he  had  one 
son,  Philip. 

And  a  daughter,  Susan,  married  to  Randal  Egerton,  of  Dynham, 
Esiq. 

But  the  contests  among  the  descendants  of  this  family  were  not  to  end  here. 
L  )rd  Macclesfield,  by  his  will,  gave  Gawteworth,  and  his  other  estates,  to  Charles* 
Lord  Mohun,  who  had  married  one  of  bis  nieces.  Thii  caused  a  ^aiTel  with  the 
Duke  of  Hamiltoni  who  had  married  the  other  niece ;  and  a  du?l  ensued,  of  which 
the  fatality  is  wvU  known.  Lortl  Mohun  left  Gawsfwortk  to  his  second  wife,  the 
ttaugbter  of  Dr.  Lawrence,  and  widow  of  Colonel  Griffith;  and  she  having  a 
daughter  by  her  former  husband,  married  to  the  first  Lord  Harrington  (see  Vol.  IV. 
P«  988)9  it  came  to  him  by  pun:}u:>e.     Lysons,  663. 

^  **  The  manor  of  Oulton  (says  Lysons],  (formerly  Aldington,  or  Aldetoci;, 
u  as  successively  in  the  families  or  Kingil^*,  Oulton,  and  Becheton;  of  theUtCBr* 
It  was  purchased  about  the  reign  of  Edward  IV.  by  Hugh  Done,  whose  daughter 
And  heir  brought  it  about  the  year  1500,  to  John  Egerton,  Esq.  ancestor  and 
vamesake  of  the  present  proprietor  (descended  from  Sir  Philip,  a  younger  son  of 
S\f  Rowland  Egertun,  the  first  Baronet.)  Oulton  Hall,  a  magnificent  structure, 
•  \\i4«  built  in  or  about  the  year  1716 ;  the  old  mansion,  then  taken  down,  was  bvilt 
in  lie  reign  of  Henry  VIJL  (See  LeiamTt  Itmerarj  FlI.  3.2.)  Sir  John  Vanhnig^ 
is  said  to  have  been  the  architect  of  the  present  hall.*^    Ljaem't  CiesJun^  540. 

'*  Ths  Dones  were  of  Utkinton  at  early  u  the  x  ath  century  \  a  younger  aoa  of 
Henry  Doiie^  who  acquired  the  office  of  Bow- bearer  of  the  forest  of  Delaaere^  bj 
marriage  with  the  coheiress  of  Kingsleyi  about  the  reign  of  King  John,  or  the  be* 
ginning  of  that  of  Henry  III.  settled  at  Crowton,  which  bruich  became  extinct  in 
the  male  line  in  ti»  year  1508.    The  heiress  married  Birkenhead.    John  I>aiie, 
of  y  tkinton,  in  0/  about  the  reign  of  Henry  VL  had  three  sons  \  the  second  son 
^ttled  at  Flaxyards,  the  younger  son  at  Onlton  j  the  latter  died  without  male  israc 
in  149S,  leaving  anoiily  daughter,  who  brought  Oulton  in  marrii^e  to  the  Eger* 
tons  $  the  elder  branch  of  the  Dones,  wiiich  continued  at  Utkinton,  became  extinct 
in  the  male  line  in  the  rej^gn  of  Queen  Elisabeth}  the  heiress  having  married  the 
representatiTe  of  the  Dones  pf  Flaxyards,  that  branch  of  the  family  remo«ed  to 
'Cfkintoni  where  it  continued*  in  the  male  line  till  the  reign  of  Charies  L  The  co- 
heiresses married  Ardeme,  Or  t\ve,  and  Maisterson.    A  younger  branch  of  the 
Dones,  of  Flaxyards^  settled  at  Puddon,  and  was  not  extina  in  1664.**— ilnf« 
3S0. 

»  Jo  hit  C.lUe^t.  Vol,  1.  p.  a7» 


EARL  OP  WILTON*  SBS    \ 

0 

Priuf  Egerton,  of  Egaton  (and  of  OuUmi,  in  rig^t  of  hb 
mother),  married  Jane*  daughter,  and  at  length  heir  of  Sir  Gilbert 
Smith,  of  Cnerdley,  Knight  (brother  of  William,  Bishop  of  Lio- 
odn,  and  founder  of  Brasen-nose  college,  in  Oxford),  and  was^ 
by  her,  father  of  Margaret,  wife  of  Sir  Hugh  Starfcey,  Knight, . 
and  of  his  son  and  successor. 

Sir  Philip  £gerton.  Knight,  Sheriff  of  Cheshire,  the  5th  of 
Queen  Mary ;  who,  by  Eleanor,  daughter  of  Sir  Randal  Brerefeon,  ^  • 
of  Ipatones,  Knight,  had  issue, 

John  Egerton,  Esq.  who  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Piers  Mo** 
ttyn,  of  Talacre,  in  Flintshire,  Esq.    He  had  two  sons;  Philip». 
the  youngest,  diisd  issueless}  Elizabeth,  his  daughter,  married  Sir  • 
William  Sunley,  of  Houton,  in  Werral  hund.  Cheshire,  Knight;'  ' 
and. 

Sir  John  Egerton,  the  eldest  son  (born  1551),  was  knighted  by 
Queen  Elizabeth,  1599*  Besides  his  paternal  inheritance,  he  pes*- 
•essed  Wrinehill,  Annel^,  Chedleton,  and  lands  in  Betley,  in 
Staflbrdshire;  and  the  manor  of  Heywood-Baroes,  in  Cheshire, 
thereto  adjoining,  by  conveyance  from  Edward  Egerton,  Esq.  a' 
younger  branch  of  this  family,  and  also  held  the  manor  and  royalty 
of  Holyw-ell,  Fulbrooke,  and  Greenfield,  in  Flintshire,  by  grant 
from  King  James  I.  He  died  at  London,  April  ^7th,  I6l4,  and 
was  buried  in  July  following,  at  Madeley,  in  Staffordshire,  having 
had  issue  by  his  irst  wife,  Mai^ret,  daughter  of  Sir  Bowland 
Sunley,  Of  Houton,  Knight,  five  aons. 

1.  PhtHp,  who  died  young. 

2.  Sir  Bowland,  of  whom  hereafter, 

3.  John,  basely  killed  by  Edward  Morgan,  after  having  givea 
him  hia  life  in  a  duel,  April  20th,  l606« 

4.  Peter,  who  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Htyca* 
Knight,  and  Alderman  of  London. 

5.  Bichard,  who  died  S.  P. 

Also  three  daughters;  Frances,  wife  of  John  Minshull,  of  Min* 
•hull,  Esq.  (whose  daughter  married  Cholmoodeley,  of  Vale 
Boyal);  Margaret,  married,  first,  to  Thomas  Hall,  and  aflerwarda 
to  Lawrence  Wbitacker,  Esqrs.;  and  Mary,  to  Bichard  Cart* 
wrigbt,  of  Aynhoe,  in  Northamptonshire,  Esq. 

By  his  second  wife,  Anne,  daughter  of  Bobert  Bernard^  Esq« 
Sir  John  had  no  issue. 

Sir  Bowx.AMj>  Egerton,  of  Egerton  and  Oulton,  eldest  surviving 
•on  and  heir  of  Sir  John,  having  been  kpighted,  was  afterwards 
created  a  Baronet,  by  patent,  dated  April  15th^  l6l7*  He 


,  5ttf  PEBBAGB  OF  BNaLAHp 

tai2ch  at  Us  maooF  of  FmaiBi^,  or  Jarthingho^  in  Novfk 
aanptobshixe,  and  had  yrepaied  stone*  (a  oonsidcraUe  part  vfaereaf 
it  stOl  reniaining)>  for  a  spire  steeple  to  the  chorcb*  and  for  re- 
boildiBg  his  manor  boose  at  Farthingboe;  bnt  the  breaking  out 
of  the  civil  war,  and  his  sodden  deaths  pierented  the  acsGomplish* 
ing  his  designs  j  for  he  died  soddenlj,  of  an  apoples^,  and  was 
bnried  October  3d,  1646,  having  in  those  rebellioos  times  (when 
of  too  advanced  an  age  to  attend  the  eamp),  softciently  mani*? 
fested  bis  affections  and  fidelity  to  his  prince,  as  appears  by  several 
testtmonies  remainiog  in  the  family,  under  the  hand  of  that  marr 
tyted  King. 

His  Lady,  who  sorvived,  was  Bridget,  dan^ter  of  Abthub, 
*  Lord  Grbt,  of  Wiltom>  Lord  Lieutenaxi  rf  heUmd!^  son  of 
William,  Lord  Grey,  of  Wilton «  (Knight  of  the  Garter,  Lord 
Warden  of  the  East  Marches  towards  Scotland,  and  Gorei&or  of 
the  town  and  castle  of  Berwidc,  who  died  December  14tb,  ]562)» 
and  of  his  wife,  Mary,  daughter  of  Charles  Somerset,  Earl  of 
Worcester  (l^^^^  ancestor  to  the  present  Duke  qf  Beaufort),, 
by  Elisabeth  his  wife,  daughter  of  Thomas  West,  Lord  De  It^ 
War. 

The  said  AaTBva,  Loan  Gaav,  died  October  I4th,  isgs,  age^ 
ftfly-seven,  and  was  buried  at  Whaddon,  in  Bucks,  leaving  issue 
by  Jana-Sibilla,*  his  second  wife,  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Mory* 
son,  of  Casiu6bury»  in  Hertfordshire,  Knight  (sister  to  Elizabeth, 
Countess  of  Lincoln),  two  sons;  Thomas,  Lord  Grey,  his  socoes'* 
sor,  who  died  unmarried,  A.  D.  1614)^  and  William,  who  died 
A.  D.  l605y  aged  thirteen,  and  was  buried  in  Magdalen-college 
obapel,  in  Oxford,  ^ith  an.  Inscription  over  him,  at  may  be  seen 
in  Wood's  Jntiq,  Oxon,  This  Bridget  wss  sole  sister  and  heir  fyf 
ike  pfhoU  bloodj,  of  Thomas,  Loid  Giey,  of  Wihon,*  which  being 

•  Ex  infor,  Dom.  Hoi.  Egertoiiy  Bart. 

t  The  patron  of  Spenser,  who  has  a  Sonnet  to  him.  Sit  TotU^t  Spenstr.  lifif 
p.  xItH.  Sec. 

«  He  was  ma  of  £amond|  Lofd  Oi«y,«f  Wiltoo,  ibd  had  a  dater,  EHnabothy 
a»ffif4  to  John  Bryiiset,  fitat  Lopd  Chtndoa,  whose  youager  aon,  Chailea  Brydfcsj 
h9«|ht  Wilton  Cast}e  (situated  on  the  banks  of  the  Wye),  of  bis  nacle,  William^ 
Lord  Grey,  or  his  cousin,  Arthur,  Lord  Grey. 

X  Arthufy  Lord  Grey,  had  by  a  former  wife>  Elisabeth,  married  to  Sir  Francis 
boodwin,  of  Winchendon,  in  Bucks,  whosb  daofhur  and  heir,  Anne,  married 
Philip,  Lord  Wharton. 

f  He  died  in  the  Tower,  having  been  engaged  In  Raleigh's  fkfL    SnUt^ 

mhi  tf  ESt^  Jamtis  femrh  7|. 
s  See.  th#  fiescent  pf  this  Irapch  of  the  Greys>  nadcr  the  ticls  of  $mi«f&tm^ 


lARL  OF  WILTON.  337 

a  btmrny  in  fte,  passed  from  the  Longchamps  through  the  Fitz- 
HoghS)  by  marriagt  with  the  heirs-female  to  John,  Lord  Grey, 
tamp.  Edward  IL  1317,  whence  it  descended  to  Thomas,  the  last 
Lord,  to  ^om  the  present  Earl  of  Wilton,  is  next  heir  by  bkxxl ; 
Sir  Rowland  hafing  issoe,  by  the  said  Bridget,  six  sons. 

1,  Thomas,  who  married  Barbara,  daughter  of  Sir  John  St.* 
^ohn,  of  Lidyard-Trpgoz,  in  Wilts>  Bart,  but  died  issueless  before 
his  father. 

2.  8lr  John,  tuece$sor  to  the  title. 

8.  Sir  Philip  Egerton,  who  had  the  estate  at  Oultong  he  was 
knighted  by  King  Charles  IL  for  his  loyalty  during  the  rebellion; 
he  married  Catharine,  daughter  and  sole  heir  of  Piers  Conway*  of 
^ndre,  in  com  Flint,  Esq.  by  whom  he  had  three  sons,  and  four 
daughters  $  viz.  John,  his  son  and  heir;  Philip,  who  lived  but  a 
few  days  I  and  another  Philip,  D.D.  of  whom  hereafter;  StbiUa, 
who  died  an  infant;  Bridget,  died  about  seven  years  old;  Mary, 
married  to  Richard,  Lord  Viscount  Bukdey,  of  die  kingdom  of 
Ireknd;  and  Jancy  who  lived  a  little  atK>ve  9  month.  Sir  Philip 
died  at  Onlton,  and  was  interred  at  Little  Budworth,  in  Cheshire^ 
August  15th,  169s.  John  Egerton,  of  Oulton,  Esq.  son  and  heir, 
married  three  wives;  fi|vt,  Mary,  daughter  of  Thomas  Cholmon- 
deley,  of  Vale  Royal,  in  Cheshire,  Esq.;  secondly,  Elizabeth, 
flanghter  of  Robert,  Lord  Viscount  Cholmondeley;  thirdly,  Ca- 
therine, daughter  of  William  Upton,  of  Upton^  in  Cheshire, 
Gent,  who  survived  him,  by  neither  of  which  had  he  any 
issue;  and  died  at  Oulton,  and  was  buried  at  Little  Budworth, 
January  2d,  1732.  Philip  Egerton,  D.D.  third  son,  was  Rector 
of  Astbury,  in  Cheshire,  and  married  Frances,  daughter  of  — - 
Offley,  Egq,  (second  son  of  — —  Offley,  of  Madeley-manor,  in 
StatiRDTdshire,  Esq.)  by  Frances  hit  wife,  daughter  of  John  Lane, 
«if  Bentley,  in  Staffordshire,  Esq.  brother  to  Blrs.  Jane  Lane,  af- 
forwards  Lady  Fisher*  remarkable  (as  appears  by  Lord  Claren* 
don's  History),  for  being  so  instrumental  in  the  escape  of  King 
pharles  IL  after  the  battle  of  Worcester;  by  whom  he  had  issue 
three  sons,  and  six  daughters;  viz.  Philip,  John,  Rowland; 
Bridget,  Elizabeth,  Mary,  Frances,  Catherine,  and  SibiUa.  Dr. 
Egerton  died  at  Astbury,  and  was  interred  at  Little  Bpdworth, 
March  Mi,  1726.  Philip  Egerton,  of  Oulton,  Esq.  eldest  son  q( 
Dr.  Egerton,  and  heir  to  hb  uncle,  John  Egerton,  of  Oulton,  Esq. 
possessed  the  ancient  lamily  seat  of  Egerton,  tpgether  with  that 
kvdship,  and  the  manor  of  Heywood  Barnes,  in  Cheshire,  kc. 
•nd  married  Frances^  daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  Griffith  Jefferies, 


588  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

of  ActoD^  near  Wrexbam,  in  Denbighahine,  Koight^  by  whom 
he  bad  no  issue*,  Jobn  Egerton^  of  Braxton,  Esq.  second  floo, 
married  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  bdr  of  William  Brock,  of  Up- 
ton, in  Cheshire,  Esq.  by  whom  he  had  two  sons;  John,  and 
Philip;  and  three  daughters^  Anne,  married  the  Rev.  Roger  Barn- 
•ton,  Prebendary  of  Chester,  and  died  1802,  S.P.;  Mary,  wife  of 
Philip  Puleston,  D.D.;  and  Elizabeth,  died  single,  1810. 

1«  John  Egerton,  Esq.  eldest  son,  married  ,  daughter  of  *—> 
Hughes,  Esq.  of  Halkin,  in  Flintshire,  and  died  before  his  father, 
leaving  no  issue.  2.  Philip  Egertoo,  of  Oolton,  Esq.  becaaae  heir 
Jp  his  uncle's  estates.  He  married  bis  cousin,  Mary,  daughter 
and  heir  of  Sir  Francis  Haskins  Eyles  Styles,  Bart,  of  Moor  Park, 
Herts ;  by  whom  he  had  nine  sons,  and  five  daughters.  1.  Jobn 
Egerton,  of  Egerton  and  Oulton,  Esq.  who  succeeded  to  the  £imily 
estates  on  the  death  of  his  fathcj-,  in  17^6,  and  is  next  kdr  io  the 
Baronetage,  in  case  of  the  demise  of  the  present  Earl  of  WiUom 
without  issue  male.  In  I8O7,  he  was  unanimously  elected  one 
of  the  representatives  in  parliament  for  the  city  of  Chester,  in 
opposition  to  the  Groavenor  interest,  which  had  for  above  a  cen- 
tury prevailed  in  that  city.  On  the  death  of  Sir  R.  S.  Cotton, 
Bart,  he  was  appointed  Provincial  Grand  Master  of  the  Honour- 
able Society  of  Free  Masons,  for  the  County  Palatine  of  Chester. 
He  is  one  of  the  original  Governors  of  the  Institution  for  pro- 
moting the  Fine  Arts  in  this  country  $  and  a  Governor  of  the 
African  Institution.  He  married,  1 795,  Maria,  daughter  and  sole 
heir  of  the  late  Thomas  Scott  Jackson,  Esq.  a  Director  of  the 
Bank  of  England,  by  whom  be  has  at  present  no  issue.  2.  Tliei 
Rev.  Philip  Egerton,  Rector  of  Malpas,  in  Cheshire,  married,  in 
1S04,  Rebecca,  sister  of  James  Dupr^,  Esq.  of  Wilton  Park, 
Bocks,  and  has  issue  two  sons;  Philip  de  Malpas,  and  Charlea 
Dupr^;  and  one  daughter,  Mary-Anne-Elizabeth.  3.  William 
Egerton,  Accountant-General  to  the  Board  of  Trade  in  the  Easi 
India  Company's  service;  he  married  Sibilla,  daughter  of  ■  .  ■  ■ 
Boswell,  Esq.  4.  Lieut. -Colonel  Charles  Bulkeley  Egerton,  Lieut.* 
Colonel  44th  foot,  married,  in  I8O9,  Charlotte,  only  daughter  of 
the  late  Admiral  Sir  Thomas  Troubridge,  Bart.  5.  Francis,  a 
Lieutenant  in  the  navy,  died  in  the  West  Indies.  6.  Tbomaiy  a 
Major  in  the  29th  regiment  of  foot.  7.  The  Rev.  Rowland  Eger- 
ton, married,  in  1803,  Emma,  only  daughter  and  hdr  of  James 
Croxton,  of  Narley  Bank,  Cheshire,  Esq.  and  has  issue  three  sonsi 
Rowland  Eyles;  James^Francis;  and  Heniy-William ;  and  two 
danghtersj  Emma*  Elizabeth,  and  Fraoces«Mary.     8.  David  df 


EARL  OF  WILTON.  sag 

Maipas  Robert  Egertoo,  di6d>  in  180g,  uomarried.,  9.  Ricfaaid 
EgertOD,  a  Captain  in  the  34th  regiment  of  foot.  The  daughten 
were,  1.  Sibilla,  died  an  infant  2.  Elizabeth,  nuutied  Major- 
Gener^  John  Delves  Broughton,  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  Sir  Thoma* 
Bioughton,  of  Doddington,  Bart.  3.  Mary,  married  Charles  Lei- 
cester,  of  Stanthorne  Hill,  Cheshire,  £sq.  and  died  without  issue. 
A,  Frances,  married  Thomas,  eldest  son  of  Thomas  Tarleton,  £sq. 
of  Bolesworth  Castle,  Cheshire,  and  has  issue.  5.  Sibilla,  married 
Randal  Wilbraham,  of  Rode  Hall,  Cheshire,  £sq.  and  has  issue. 

Rowland  Egerton,  third  son  of  Dr.  Philip  Egertou,  married  the 
widow  of  Thomas  Bourne,  second  son  of  William  Bourne,  of 
Chell,  in  Staffordshire,  Esq.  by  whom  he  had  no  issue* 

Of  the  six  daughters  of  Dr.  Egerton,  Bridget,  married  Edward 
Downes,  of  Shrigley,  in  Cheshire,  Esq.;  Elizabeth,  died  unmarried; 
Mary,  married  Richard  Puleston,  of  Havod-y-wem,  near  Wrex- 
ham, in  Denbighshire,  E$q.;  Frances,  died  unmarried  5  Catherine 
died  an  infant;  and  Sibilla  married  Sir  Francis  Haskins  Eyles  Stiles, , 
of  Moor  Park,  near  Rickmans worth,  in  Hertfordshire,  Bart,  only 
son  and  heir  of  Sir  John  Eyles,  of  Giddy*hall,  in  Essex,  Bart, 
The  fourlh  son  of  Sir  Rowland  was  Arthur. 
5*  Rowland,  of  Chedleton. 

6.  Charles,  of  Wallesea,  in  Cheshire,  who  died  without  issue. 
Also  three  daughters;  Sybil,  first  married  to  Edward  Bellot,  of 
Moretoo,  in  Cheshire,  Esq.  and,  secondly,  to  Sir  Edmund  Ander- 
son, of  Broughton,  in  Lincolnshire,  Bart  >  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Sir 
William  Radcliffe,  of  Foxdenton,  in  Lancashire,  Knt.;  and  Mary# 
who  died  at  Farthinghoci  unmarried. 

Sir  John  Egerton,  second  Baronet,  eldest  surviving  son  and 
heir  of  Sir  Rowland,  died  at  Wrinehill,  and  was  interred  at  Ma* 
deley,  1674:  he  married  Anne,  daughter  of  George  Wintour,  of 
Derham,  in  Gloucestershire,  Esq.  who  survived,  and  had  issue 
three  daughters,  viz. 

Bridget,  wife,  first,  of  Ralph  Thicknesse,  of  Balterley,  in  Staf- 
fisrdshire ;  and  afterwards,  of  Timothy  Hy  Ideyard,  of  Lincolnshire, , 
£sqrs.j  Margaret,  married  to  Windsor  Finch,  of  Rushock,  in 
Worcestershire,  Esq.;  and  Anne,  wife  of  John  Gardiner^  Esq. 
Also  his  only  surviving  son  and  successor. 
Sir  John  Egerton,  third  Baronet,  to  whom  her  late  Majesty 
Queen  Anne,  granted  a  patent,  for  holding  fairs  and  markets 
within  his  manor  at  Holywell,  before-mentioned.*    He  married, 
first,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  William,  and  sister  and  sole  heir  of 

*  £s  iofor.  Dom.  Hoi.  Egertopi  Bart. 


546  PEERACB  OF  lOVGLAl!^. 

Edward  BoDaiid,  of  Heaton  and  Denton^  in  Laocadure^  Biq. 
which  Ladj  dying  of  the  small-pox.  May  3 1st,  1701, 

He  toarried,  secmdly,  Anne,  sole  daughter  and  hear  of  Francif 
Wolferstan,  of  Stat  fold,  m  Staffordshire,  Esq.  By  this  last  wife, 
who  died  the  12th  April,  1726,  there  Is  no  issue  remaining; 
Francis- Wolferstan,  a  son,  and  Hester,  and  Catharine,  two  daogh- 
tors,  bdng  all  dead;  the  two  first,  infants;  the  last,  at  a  more 
adolt  age,  1722. 

Ofihejirst  marriage,  were  six  sons. 

1 .  Sir  Holland,  his  successor. 

2.  John,  ^dK>  died  of  the  small-pox,  at  Chester,  December  10di, 
1704,  aged  sixteen. 

3.  Edward,  of  Harlesiont  in  Staflbrdshire,  who  was  adopted 
heir  to  his  step-mother.  Sir  John's  second  Lady;  he  died  nnmar- 
lied.  May  9th,  1727,  and  left  his  estate  to  his  next  brother, 

4.  Ralph,  which,  upon  his  dying  onmarried,  April  3d,  1732, 
descended  to  his  next  brother, 

5.  .Thomas,  Rector  of  Sefton,  in  Lancashire;  and  Cheadk,  in 
Cheshire}  who  married  Frances,  daughter  of  John  Beresford,  of 
Beresford  and  Bentley,  in  Derbyshire,  Esq.  (from  ^ich  family  is 
descended  the  present  Marquis  of  Waterford,  in  Ireland),  but  in 
1741  had  no  issue. 

6.  William,  Rector  of  Farthinghoe,  in  Northamptonshire,  who 
married  Mrs.  Bateman,  and  had  by  her,  one  daughter,  Frances* 

Sir  John  had  also  two  daughters;  Anne,  and  Elizabeth,  who  in 
1741  were  both  living,  and  unmarried. 

Sir  John  died  at  WrinebiH,  in  Staffordshire,  November  4th, 
J  729,  aged  seventy-three,  and  was  succeeded  in  dignity  and' estate 
by  his  eldest  son. 

Sir  Holland  Egerton, /our/A  Baronet ^^  a  gentleman  of  fine  ac- 
complishments, and  excellent  parts;  well  versed  in  most  parts  of 
literature,  particularly  heraldry  and  antiquities;  cff  a  free,  open, 
and  commnnicative  disposition,  and  exceedingly  well  beloved  and 
esteemed  in  his  country.  He  married,  1712,  Eleanor,  youngest 
daughter  of  Sir  Roger  Cave,  of  Stanford,  in  Northamptonshire,. 
Baronet  (by  his  wife,  Mary,  sister  of  the  Right  Hon.  William 
Bromley,  Esq.  late  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons,  and  prin* 
cipal  Secretary  of  State,  temp«  Anne),  by  whom  he  had  six  sons, 
and  two  daughters »  whereof, 

1.  John,  died  April  20th,  1723,  «t.  11. 

2.  Holland,  March  22d,  1714-15. 

3.  Cave,  April  lOth,  17IS. 


SAEL  OF  WILTON,  541 

4.  SirEdiitrd,  hisMtcceuor. 

5.  ThooMS  Grey,  sucohmt  to  his  hrUher* 
€.  WiUian. 

The  daaghten  were,  Mary,  maxiied  to  Sir  Raphe  Asheton,  of 
MiddletoD,  Lancashire,  Baronet,  and  died  at  Middleton,  January 
tltb,  1736,  leaving  no  issue}  and  Elizabeth-Charlotte. 

Lady  Egerton  sanriving  her  husband,  re-married  in  1732,  to 

Jdm  Brooke,  Esq.  youngest  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Brooke,  of  Nor* 

.  ton,  in  Cheshire,  Baronet,  and  died  at  Beaton,  September  26th, 

1734,  leaving  two  daughters,  Frances,  and  Eleanoo  who  died 

soon  after  her  mother. 

Sir  HoUaud  died  at  Heaton,  April  25th,  17W>  ascl  was  8uc« 
ceeded  in  dignity  and  estate  by  his  eldest  surviving  son^ 

Sir  EnwAan  Egerton,  Jiftk  Baroneft  who  dying  unmarried,  in 
•March  1744,  the  title  and  estate  descended  to  his  brother, 

Sir  Tbomas-Grbt  Egerton,  sixth  Baronet,  who  married,  June 
1 4th,  1743,  Miss  Catharine,**  daughter  o£  the  Be v,  Mr.  Copley, 
Rector  of  Thomhill  and  Wakefield,  in  Yorkshire,  by  whom  h^ 
had  two  sons,  Thomas  and  John,  died  young.  Sir  Thomas  Grey 
dying  August  7th,  17^»  was  succeeded  in  title  and  estate  by 

Sir  Thomas,  seventh  Baronet,  now  Eaxi.  op  Wilton,  his  eldest 
son,  who  represented  the  county  of  Lancaster,  in  three  parlia« 
ments,  and  was  by  letters  patent,  bearing  date  May  15(b,  1784, 
created  Barok  Gbbt  ob  Wilton,  in  the  county  of  Hereford,  and 
to  the  hnrs  male  of  his  body  lawfully  begotten. 

His  Lordship,  on  September  12th,  176^,  was  married  to  Eleanor, 
youngest  daughter  and  co-heir  of  Sir  Ralph  Asheton,  of  Middle- 
ton,  in  Lancashire,  Baronet,  by  whom  he  has  had  issue  two  sons, 

1.  Thomas,  born  October  24tb,  1777,  and  buried  the  27th  of 
the  same  month. 

2.  Thomas^Grey,  bom  December  2lBt,  1780>  died  December 
20th,  1793. 

And  three  daughters. 

1.  Eleanor,  born  July  21st,  177O;  married,  April  28th,  1794, 
Robert,  present  Earl  Grosvenor. 

2.  Louisa,  born  1772;  and,  3.  Frances,  born  1774,  who  both 
died  infants.  4.  Frances  Mary,  born  September  4th,  1 788,  died 
October  8th,  1796. 

His  Lordship  was  on  June  26th,  1801,  advanced  to  the  titles  of 
Viscount  Gkbt  ob  Wilton,  and  Eahl  op  Wilton,  in  the 

^  Her  lister  married  Samuel  Egercon,  Esq.  of  Tatton  Park,  M.P.  fur  Cheshire, 
who  died  1780.    Stt  HtU  Bridgevuaer,  Vol,  JIL  p,  200. 


54%  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

cotmiy  of  Hereford^  with  remainder  on  £iilare  of  ifloe  male  of  bis 
own  body,  to  Thomas  Grosvenor,  Robert  GrosTeiior,  and  of  eveij 
socoeediDg  son  of  his  daug^trr,  Eiranor^  Countess  Grosveaor,  and 
the  respective  heirs  male  of  their  bodies  lawfully  begotten. 

Titla.  Thomas  Egerton,  Batx)n  and  Viscoont  Giey  de  Wilton, 
and  Earl  of  Wilton,  and  Baronet. 

Creations.  Baronet,  April  5tb,  l6l7>  15  James  I.  and  BanMi 
Gfey  de  Wilton,  in  the  coantj  of  Hereford,  Maj  15th,  1784»  24 
George  III.  Viscount  Grejr  de  Wilton,  and  Earl  of  Wilton,  June 
26th,  1901. 

Arms.  Argent,  a  lion  rampant.  Gules,  between  three  pbeons 
heads.  Sable. 

Crest,  On  a  wreath,  three  arrows,  one  in  pale  and  two  in  sal- 
tire.  Or,  headed  and  feathered.  Sable,  bound  together  with  a 
ribband.  Gules. 

Supporters.  On  the  dexter  a  wyvem.  Or,  on  the  sinister,  a 
lion.  Argent,  ducallj  crowned^  Or. 

Motto,      ViKTUTI,    WON   AMMIS,   FIDO. 

Chief  Seat,    At  Heaton-Hall,  in  Lancashire^  of  which 
print  in  Bnylqr's  and  Britton's  Beauties  of  Etigland. 


EARL  OP  POWIS. 


CLIVE,  EARL  OF  POWIS. 

The  famTly  of  Clivb  are  very  ancient  in  Shropshire,  where  ihey 
have  been  seated  from  the  reign  of  Henry  II.  at  which  time 
lived 

WALTBBU9  de  Croxton,  wlio  was  latberof 

LiDULFH  de  Twenloe,  whose  son, 

Waiin  db  Clivb,  was  &therof 

Stbibbk  Clive,  of  Croxton  and  Clive,  whose  son, 

Hbnit,  lived  in  the  reign  of  Henry  III.  aotl  bv  a  deed  wiih- 
outdate,  it  appears  that  Walter  Granfield  devised  a  racssunge  in 
the  village  of  Clive,  to  Henry,  son  of  Henry  de  Weeverj  paying 
the  aforesaid  Henry,  son  of  Stephen,  chief  Lord  of  Clive,  sixpence 
a  year,  reacrving  to  himielf  a  pair  of  white  gloves.  To  this  Henry 


Hbhby,  Lord  of  Qive,  who  married  Agnes,  third  daughter  and 
cotidr  of  Robert  Huxleigh,  of  Haxlei^,  co.  Chester;  and  by  her 
had  a  ion  and  luccessor, 

HsyKY  de  Clive,  who,  S  Edward  III.  married  Eva,  second 
daaghter  and  coheir  to  Hagh  Tew,  Esq.  and  by  her  was  father 
of 

Thou  AS  Qive,  of  Huxleigh,  Esq.  whose  son  and  successor, 

Huou,  married  Matilda,  daughter  of  John  MaDwariog,  of 
Wbitmore,  co.  Salop,  Esq.  and  bad  isstie, 

BiOBARD,  his  soccessor,  who  made  his  will  22d  February,  144S, 
and  therein,  "  gives  his  soul  to  God,  the  blessed  Vii^in  Mary, 
and  All  Saints;  and  my  body  (says  he),  to  be  buried  in  the  church 
of  St,  Werburgh,  in  Chester.  Item,  I  give  five  wax  candles  to 
bnru  round  my  body."     He  was  not,  however,  interred  accurd- 


$U  rEEBAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

tng  to  his  will,  till  twenty  yean  afkerwaids.  He  maniBd  ۥ- 
thaiine  Handford,  and  had  iasoe,  1.  Peter.     2.  James. 

PETEa»  of  Hu&kigh^  had  issue  a  daaghter,  Hdeoa;  and  she 
dying  nnmarried, 

James  Clive>  his  brother^  became  heir.  He  married  Catharine 
daughter  and  heir  of  Thomas  Styche,  of  Styche,  in  Shropshire^ 
Esq.  and  was  living  22  Henry  VII.    By  this  Lady  he  had  issoe, 

Richard  Clive,  of  Huxleigh,  and  Styche,  Esq.  who  married 
Alice,  daughter  of  Hugh  Calvel^,  Esq.  and  had  a  son  and  heir, 

RicBA&o^  who  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Cor- 
bet, of  Longnor,  in  Shropshire,  and  had  a  son, 

RicHAHO,  his  heir,  who  was  Treasurer  to  Sir  Richard  Cotton, 
Knt.  Keeper  of  the  Records  of  the  King's  Expenses^  about  the 
towns  of  Bononia  and  Newport,  from  8th  July,  8  Henry  VIII.  to 
15th  August,  4  Edward  VL  He  was  also  the  first  of  the  name  who 
bore  three  wolves  heads  in  his  coat-armour,  by  the  assignment  of 
Gilbert  Dethick,  in  4  Edward  VT.  whereas  the  coat  of  inat  fa- 
mily was  formerly  borne  vrithout  that  charge,  as  appears  by  the 
arms  of  Clive  set  up  in  two  windows  of  their  parish  church  of 
Moreton-Say,  in  Shropshire;  also  by  an  escutcheon  of  their  ami8» 
carved  on  a  window  at  the  time  of  building  their  house  of  Hux- 
leigh,  near  two  hundred  years  preceding.  He  married  Jane,  sister 
to  Sir  William  Brereton,  Knt.  and  died  in  15^3,  leaving  issue, 

1 .  George,  his  heir. 

2.  Robert,  Clerk  of  the  Cheque  to  King  Edward  VI.  whoae 
eldest  daughter  was  of  the  Bedchamber  to  Gueen  Elizabeth;  and 
dying  at  Otford  unmarried,  was  interred  by  the  Queen's  com- 
mand, and  at  brr  Majesty's  expense,  in  thexhurch  at  Otford. 

Sir  Georob  Clive,  the  eldest  son,  was  knighted  in  the  field  fay 
William  Fitzwilliam,  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland,  August  4th,  1588. 
He  was  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  in  Ireland,  a  Lord  of  the 
Privy«council,  made  Supervisor  of  the  river  Shannon,  on  the  re* 
signation  of  Sir  Edward  Waterhouse,  and  died  S^tember  1st, 
1591,  leaving  issue  by  his  wife,  Susan^  daughter  of  Henry  Co- 
piuger,  Esq.  a  son  aod  heir, 

Ambeosb  Clive,  of  Styche,  Esq.  who  married  Alice,  eldest 
daughter  of  Thomas  Townsend,  of  Brackenack,  in  Norfolk,  Esq. 
and  had  issue, 

RoBgRT  Clive,  his  successor,  vho  by  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir 
Edward  Abyn,  Knt.  bad 

George^  of  Wbrmhridge,  eo,  Herrford$  which  estate  he  ac* 
quired  with  his  marriage  by  Mary,  daughter  and  heir  to  Martin 


EARL  OF  POWIS.  545 

Husbands,  of  WbrmMdge,  Esq.  and  dying  in  tlie  lifedme  of  his 
father,  left  three  sons,  and  four  daughters  j  all  which  last  died  u»* 
married.    The  sons  were, 

1 .  Robert  his  heir. 

2.  George,  who  was  Carsitor  Baron  of  the  Exchequer,  died 
unmarried,  and  was  buried  at  Lincoln's  Inn. 

3.  Edward,  succeeded  at  Wormhridge;  which  estate  he  ^- 
chased  from  his  1>rother.  He  married,  and  left  a  numerous  issue | 
of  whom,  hiseldest  son.  Sir  Edward  Clive,  of  fWvrmhridge,  £at. 
was  made  one  of  the  Justicbb  op  the  CouBf  of  Com hon  Plbas*: 

Robert  Clire,  eldest  son  of  George,  before-mentiooed,  suc^. 
ceeded  bis  grandfather,  and  married  Elizabeth,  daughter,  of  -— ~. 
Ampblett,  of  the  Four-Jshes,  in  the  coupty  of.  Worcester,  tiaq, 
and  had  issue, 

1.  Robert. 

2.  George.* 

a.  Richard,  ^ther  of  Loid  Clive. 

4.  Benjamin  3  and  four  daughters.  , 
RiCHABB  CUve,  third  son,  succeeded  at  Styche,  and  inherukeyli 

an  estate  of  about  5001.  a  year;  which  not  being  deemed. suffix; 
dent,  he  was  brought  up  to  the  profession  of  ihc  law.  He  aii8i>*t 
ried  Rebecca,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Nadianiel  Gaskill,  of  JVlanr; 
tester,  Esq.  by  whom  he  bad  issue  six  soos^  and  seven  datigbleri,! 
viz. 

1.  Robert,  Lord  Clive.  \      j 

2.  Nathaniel,  born  May  idtfa,  1722,  died  young. 

3.  Richard,  died  young. 
■  4.  George,  dipd  young. 

5*  Richard,  born  June  26th,- 1731,  killed  September  23d»  A 71^^ 
in  Germany. 

6.  Wniiam,  of  %cA«,  Shropshire,  bora  Afigust  29tb,  \746, 
now  M.  P.  for  Bisbop*s  Castle,  in  Shropshire,  for  which  he  has 
sat  iu  nine  parliamenii;. 

7'  Eliza,  died  aq  infan^t 

8.  Rebecca,  born  October  I3lh,  1730|  married,  Nov^ber 
26tb,  1750,  the  Rev.  Robert  Clive»  Rector  of  Breton,  Sbrop- 
abire. 

9.  Sarah,  still  living,  bom  April  30th,  1732;  married,  Aqg.  29  > 

*  Oeorge  Clive,  Esq.  of  this  family  CQ^'  Ikis person? J  wai  husband  of  die  cele* 
grated  actresi,  Catherine  Clive,  who  was  married  to  him  in  I73x>  and  died  ia 
^l^it  *i<<l  ■eventy-fouf.    %t%Biogr,  Did.  IF.  54. 
VOL,  V.  2   W 


545  P££RAG£  OP  ENGLAND. 

29tfa»  1755,  the  late  Sir  John  Jaoies  MarUiaiD>^  Bart  who  left 
her  a  widow  without  issue. 

10.  Jadith^  bora  Deoemberl^j  1733$  married,  Janaiy  25th, 

1757,  Thomas  Woliqr,  Esq.  of  Shrewsbury. 

11.  Frances,  born  Febmarj  12th,  \734}   married,  Jo^jr  7th^ 

1758,  Matthew  Wilson,  Esq. 

12.  Anne,  bora  April  17th,  1740.. 

IS,  Eliabetb,  bora  ]^oyember  I4lh,  1742,  died  young. 

RoBBRT,  eldest  son,  Lord  Owe,  was  born  February  24th,  1725, 
at  the  old  &mily  seat  of  Sifche,  in  the  parish  of  Moreton-Say,  m 
Shropshire,  fieing  sent  at  an  early  age  to  a  priyate  school  at 
Lostock,  in  Cheshire,  the  master  soon  diaceraed  his  extraordinary 
qualities,  and  sdd,  ''  if  this  youth  shquid  live  to  he  a  man,  and 
an  opportunity  be  given  for  the  exertion  of  his  talents,  few  names 
will  he  greater  than  his" 

From  hence  he  was  removed  to  a  school  at  Market  Drayton, 
where  he  shewed  his  adventurous  spi|*it,  by  climbing  to  the  top 
of  the  church  steeple,  situated  on  an  high  hill,  and  seating  himaelf 
00  a  stone  spout,  projecting  in  the  form  of  a  dragon's  head,  to  the 
astonishment  of  the  spectators.  From  this  school  he  was  remove4 
tO'tbat  of  Merchant-Taylor*s,  in  London  1  and  froca  hence  again, 
to  a  private  school  at  Hemel^Hemsted,  in  Hertfer^ire,  where 
he  Mmained'till  1743,  set.  ]7>  when  he  obtained  an  ^ppouitineiit 
a«  a  Writbk  to  the  East-India  Con^pany^ 

He  embarked  in  one  of  the  Company's  ship8>  and  arrived  at 
tfadras  in  1744.  Discovering  thus  early.a  disposition  more  fitted 
to  command  than  to  obey,  he  from  the.  first  became  remarkable 
for  his  impatience  of  control,  and  his  disdak^  of  applkatidn  to  at: 
aigned  tasks. 

^  Sir  Jobn  James  MiridiiiD,  afttr  a  lonf  Et&gatiQn,  was -found  to  be  heir  at 
law  to  Tliottias  Wborwood,  Esq*  of  Denton  Court,  in  the  coanty  of  Kent,  a  Cap^ 
tain  in  the  Royal  Navy,  who  died  in  1747  (son  of  Wortky  Whorwood^  H99.  of 
Penton,  son  of  Sir  William  Wborwood,  of  Seourtan  Castle,  in  Staffotdihire).  See 
Sktm^s  Std^mfsKrg,  Vol.  11.  under  Stonrton  Casdc;  and  Bastuts  JCotf,  Vol.  m.) 
Sir  J.  J.  Markham  inherited  acconHagly  the  Denton  estates  (lobject  to  die  fife 
of  Mn.  Cxlia  Scott,  who  died  In  1785),  and  settled  these  lerenioiiB  on 
liage  with  Sarah  Clin,  bat  died  many  years  before  posaeasion ;  and  theae 
cane  by  die  settlement  to  his  indow  in  fee,  who  in  i79ar  soU  the  maow 
tion,  and  estates  of  Denton,  to  Samael  Egerton  Brydges,  Esq.  then  of  the  Middle 
Temple,  Barrister  at  Law,  and  second  son  of  Edward  Brydges,  Eaq.  of  the  ad- 
joining parish  of  Wootton,  deceased,  by  Jemima,  daughter  and  coheir 
Egerton,  LL.D.  grandaon  of  John,  second  Earl  of  Bridgewater;  which  Ici 
died  December  14th,  18099  aged  dghty^me*    See  Vol«  III.  p.  204. 


i 


EiLRL  OF  POWIS.      i  ,547 

la  1746,  Madras  beiag  sunendercd  to  the  French,  both  civil 
and  military  pfficera  became  prisoners  on  parole^  to  their  Admiral; 
M.  de  la  Bourdonnais.  Bat  Dapleix,  the  Military  Commander, 
refiising  to  ratify  the  treaty  unless  the  parol  was  repeatedto  him> 
the  English  thought  themselves  released  from  their  engagement; 
•nd  Clive,  disguised  as  a  Moor,  escaped  from-  St.  David's,  about 
twenty-one  miles  distant  from  Madras. 

In  1747,  tired  of  the  civil  line,  he  was  promoted  to  an  Ensxgncy 
in  the  Company's  service  5  and  the  following  year  distinguished 
himself  at  the  siege  of  Pondicherry  3  and  afterwards  at  the  attack 
of  Devi-Cotah,  in  favour  of  the  deposed  Rajah  of  Tanjore;  where, 
though  only  a  Lieutenant,  he  had  the  command  of  the  foriom 
bope  in  storming  the  breach. 

On  the  conclusion  of  the  war,  as  idleness  was  intolerable  to  \A 
vigorous  mind,  he  returned  to  the  civil  service  of  the  Company*, 
.and  was  admitted  to  the  same  rank  as  he  would  ix$cy^  held,  if  hb 
^ad  not  quitted  it.  He  was  now  appointed,  by  the  interest  of  his 
friend.  Major  Lawrence,  to  the  office  of  Commissary  of  the  Bri- 
tish Troops.  About  this  time,  during  his  residence  at  Madias,  a 
fever  of  the  nervous  kind  seized  him,  and  made  an  alarming  im- 
pression on  his  constitution  $  and  the  depression  of  spirits  which 
it  brought  on,  accompanied  him  during  the  remainder  of  his  Ufy, 
except  when  actively  employed* 

The  French  now  brought  the  afiairs  of  the  British  Company 
into  so  dangerous  a  state,  that  Clive  was  induced  to  resume  the 
military  character.  Having  obtained  a  Captain's  commission,  he 
advised  and  led  the  attack  of  the  city  of  Arcott,  as  this  only  means 
pf  saving  Tritchinopoly,  which  was  the  only  remaining  hope  of 
Mahomed- Alli-Khan,  and  the  only  obstacle  to  the  full  establish^ 
ment  of  Dupleix's  and  Chundasabeb's  power.  In  this  he  suc- 
ceeded ;  and  defended  it  afterwards  s^inst  a  numerous  army, 
which  the  enemy  sent  to  retake  it.  He  had  also,  before  the  end 
of  the  campaign,  made  himself  master  of  several  forts  belonging 
to  the  enemy. 

Early  in  1752,  Captain  Clive  took  the  field  again,  and  hastened 
to  the  relief  of  Arcott,  which  was  once  more  threatened.  A  battla 
CQSued,  which  bung  in  suspense  till  night,  when  he  gave  the 
enemy  a  general  defeat. 

After  other  important  services,  by  which  the  epemy  wei^  disr 
possessed  of  all  that  part  of  the  Camatic,  Captain  Clive  retumed^to 
Madras,  and  continued  there  ti)l  February,  1753,  when  the  ruined 
state  of  his  health  compelled  him  to  embark  for  England. 


P££RAG£  OF  ENGLAND. 

**  Whoever  (says  his  Biographer),  reflects  od  the  drqnmstaocet 
which  mark  the  ixttlitary  life  of  this  extraordinaiy  hero/  will  not 
be  sarprised  that  the  number  of  men  whom  history  has  recorded 
as  the  authors  of  revolations  in  empires,  should  be  so  extremely 
small.  For  of  those  who  possess  that  ardent  courage,  that  com-^ 
manding  genius,  that  unconquerable  mind,  which  are  requisite 
for  great  exploits,  how  few  are  the  persons  whose  situation  wiU 
permit  such  talents  to  produce  their  natural  efi^ts?  and  of  those 
few,  how  v^  small  must  be  the  number  who  escape  the  perils  to 
j^hich  their  cast  of  character  generally  leads  them. 
.  «'  -Upon  Captain  Clive*8  arrival  in  his  own  country,  be  was  re- 
ceived by  the  East  India  Company  with  all  that  a^ection  and 
esteem  which  his  extraordinary  actions  deserved.  As  a  mark  pf 
their  gratitude  for  his  services,  they  requested  him  to  accept  of  an 
el^nt  diamond-hilted  sword.  This,  however,  he  declined,  un* 
less  the^ame  present  should  be  made  to  Colonel  Lawrence;  which 
was  accordingly  done.    The  swords  cost  700I.  each. 

^'  Not  long  after  Captain  Clive's  return  to  England,  he  was  80# 
licited  by  the  Directors  of  the  East  India  Company  to  accept  the 
appointment  of  Governor  of  Fort  St.  Davids  with  a  right  of  sue- 
ipessipn  to  the  (jQvernment  of  Madras;  and  as  he  expressed  his 
.willingness  to  serve  them,  they  procured  for  him  the  commission 
of  Lieutenant-Colonel  in  his  Majesty's  service;  together  with  the 
conduct  of  three  companies  of  the  Royal  Artillery,  and  of  three 
or  four  hundred  of  the  King*s  troops."^ 

On  his  arrival  at  Bombay,  he  found  peace  concluded  with  the 
French;  and  directed  his  forces  against  Angria,  the  pirate.. 

Having  performed  this  service,  he  sailed  for  Fort  St.  David  in 
April  17^6>  of  which  he  was  Deputy-Governor;  but  was  called 
irom  thence  in  August  following,  in  consequence  of  the  capture 
of  Calcutta  by  St^rajah  Dowlah,  who  then  committed  the  dis* 
^trouf  cruelty  of  confining  one  hundred  and  fifty  English  prisoners 
in  the  Black  Hole*  Colonel  Clive  was  on  this  occasion  summoned 
to  Madras,  where  he  was  appointed  to  the  command  of  the  troops 
which  were  sent  to  the  relief  of  the  English  in  Bengal. 
,  The  town  of  Calcutta,  and  Port- William,  were  soon,  retaken; 
and  pn  the  night  of  the  4th  of  February,  1757,  Colonel  CUye  ob- 
tained a  glorious  victory  in  the  field,  over  the  Nabob,  with  a  force 
infinitely  inferior,  and  forced  upon  him  a  treaty  of  peape,  offen- 
.sive  and  defensive. . 

i 

.   «  Biogr.  B.ic  lU.  ^53. 


EAtfL  OF  POWIS.      *  54$ 

But  be  soon  found  that  no  trust  was  to  be  put  in  the  Nabobs 
wbose  rooted  hatred  to  the  English  continued  unabated :  and  that 
so  hope  remained  of  a  lasting  peace  but  by  depriving  the  Nabob 
of  his  power  to- injure;  which  could  only  be  effected  by  a  rovolu- 
tion  in  his  government.  For  this  enterprize,  Meer  Jaffier,  one 
of  his  principal  officers,  was  induced  to  become  an  associate,  on 
condition  of  obtaining  a  transfer  of  his  master's  power  in  the  event 
ofsQccess. 

The  celebrated  victory  in  the  Grove  of  Plassey,  determined 
this  bold  plan  in  Colonel  Clive's  fevour.  With  an  army  of  3200 
men,  of  whom  not  more  thon  goo  were  Europeans,  he  routed 
•'S0,000  of  the  enemy *s  foot,  18,000 "horse,  and  50  pieces  of  can* 
Don.  The  Nabob- fled  to  his  capital,  from  whence  he  endeavoured 
to  make  his  escape  3  but  falling  into  the  hands  of  Meer  Jaffier*9 
son,  died  by  the  hands  of  the  executioner. 

Colonel  Clive  now  acted  as  Governor  of  Calcutta,  which  was 
afterwards  confirmed  to  him  by  the  Company. 
'  But  accounts  soon  arrived  that  Madras  was  besieged  by  the 
French,  under  General  Lallyj  and  Colonel  Clive  sent  Colonet 
Ford  to  drive  the  French  from  the  northern  Circars,  which  con- 
stituted their  principal  resource.  No  sooner  was  Colonel  Ford 
gone,  than  the  Grovernor  was  summoned  to  Patna,  then  besieged 
by  a  son  of  the  Great  Mogul;  which  siege  he  soon  raised,  driving' 
the  Prince  from  the  province. 

On  his  return  to  Calcutta,  he  found  the  Dutch  preparing  to 
invade  Bengal ;  but  these  he  soon  humbled,  and  dictated  terms 
to  them,  as  advantageous  to  the  British,  as  humiliating  to  them- 
selves. . 

"  The  ability,  the  courage,  and  the  good  fortune  of  the  Go- 
vernor, now  impressed  the  people  of  Hindostan  with  sentiments' 
of  veneration  towards  him.*' 

*'  The  peace  of  the  Company's  settlements  was  no  soonei* 
completely  established  by  the  treaties  with  the  Dutch,  than  the 
Governor  sailed  for  England,  where  he  arrived  in  the  year  IJdO.' 
His  arrival  was  welcomed  by  the  warmest  acknowledgments  of 
the  Company 3  by  the  general  applause  of  his  countrymen;  and 
by  the  strongest  approbation  of  his  Sovereign ;  who  conferred  6a 
him,  on  December  1st,  \^Q\i  the  dignity  of  a  Peer  of  Ireland,  by 
the  title  of  Lord  Clive,  Baron  Plassey,  in  the  county  of  Clare, 

**  But  while  bis  friends  and  the  public  paid  him  their  various' 
congratulations,  they  saw  with  concern,  that  his  health  was  irre- 
coTcrably  lost;  and  even  the  ho]^  they  entertained,  that  his 


fiBO  PEKRA6B  OF  ENGLAND: 

residence  in  England  might  gradoally  lessen^  thoogh  it  oonld  not 
entirely  recacfft  the  baneful  effects  of  the  Indian  dimate,  v^ete 
but  of  short  continuance :  for  the  troubles  which  arose  in  the 
Company's  settlements^  in  less  than  three  years  from  bis  depar- 
ture, appeared  so  truly  alarming,  that  the  Directors,  with  the 
earnestness  of  men  who  had  scarcdy  another  hope,  besought  him 
to  return  to  India/' ' 

''  This  was  the  situation  of  affairs,  in  May  IfSs,  when  Lord 
Clive,  and  four  of  his  fnends,  whom  the  Directors  had  associated 
with  him,  arrived  at  Calcutta.  The  principal  objects  recom* 
mended  to  them  were,  Jirst,  the  adjustment  of  all  disputes  with 
the  Country  Powers;  and,  secondly,  the  reformation  of  the  many 
abuaes  which  prevailed  among  the  Company*s  servants,  both  in 
the  military  and  dvil  departibents. 

**  liOrd  Clive  sailed  from  Calcutta  on  his  return  to  England,  in 
the  beginning  of  the  year  ij&fp  ^d  arrived  there  in  the  following 
July. 

*'  Whoever  contemplates  the  forlom  situation  of  the  Company^ 
when  Lord  Clive  first  arrived  a^  Calcutta,  in  the  year  \7&^$  9nd 
then  considers  the  degree  of  opulence  and  power  they  possessed 
when  he  finally  left  that  place,  in  the  year  1767>  ^iU  he  con- 
tidced,  that  the  history  of  the  world  has  seldom  afforded  an  in- 
stance of  so  rapid  and  improbable  a  change*  At  the  first  period, 
they  were  merely  an  assodation  of  merchants  struggling  for  es« 
idtenoe.  One  of  thdr  Victories  wa»in  ruins  j  their  agents  were 
murdered,  and  an  army  of  fift^  thousand  men,  to  which  they  had 
nothing  to  oppose^  threatened  the  immediate  destruction  of  thdr 
prindpal  settlement  At  the  last  period,  distant  from  the  first 
but  ten  yearsj  they  were  become  powerful  Princes^  possessed  of 
Vfut  r;evenues,  and  ruling  over  fifteen  millions  of  people^ 

**  When  the  merits  of  those,  who  contributed  to  tbb  great  re- 
volution, shall  be  wdghed  in  the  impartial  judgment  of  future 
times,  it  will  be  finmd,  that  Watson,  Pocock,  Adams,  and  Monro^ 
deserved  well  of  the  Company,  but  that  Clive  was  its  saviour,  and 
the  prindpal  author  of  its  greatness. 

.  ''  After  Lord  Clive*8  last  return  from  India,  he  was  made,  in 
1769,  one  of  the  Knights  Companions  of  the  noble  Order  of  the 
Bath. 

"  Though  bis  exploits  will  excite  the  admiratioD>  and  recdve 
4ie  plaudite  of  posterity,  yet,  in  his  lifetime,  the  same  ingnrtitude 

4    •  '  Bio|r«  Brit  III.  6$%, 


EARL  OP  POWIS.  ,         651 

;ivas  shewn  him,  which  the  greatest  men  in  all  ages  and  countries 
Jiave  experienced.  For  on  the  pretence,  *^  that  all  acquisitions 
laade  under  the  influence  of  a  militaiy  force,  or  by  treaty  with 
foreign  powers,  do,  of  right,  belong  to  the  state,"  a  party  in  the 
House  of  Commons,  countenanced  by  the  Minister,  attempted  to 
ruin  both  his  fortune  and  his  fame.  A  motion  was  made  in  that 
assembly,  on  the  2Jst  of  February,  17739  to  resolve,  ''  that  in 
the  acquisition  of  wealth.  Lord  Clive  had  abused  the  powers  with 
which  he  was  entrusted."  The  speech  he  made  on  the  occasion 
concluded  with  the  following  words:  "  If  the  resolution  proposed 
should  receive  the  assent  of  the  House,  I  shall  have  nothing  left 
that  I  can  call  my  own,  except  my  paternal  fortune  of  five  hun- 
dred a  year;  and  which  has  been  in  the  family  for  ages  past.  But 
cpon  this  I  am  content  to  live;  atid  perhaps  I  shall  £nd  more  real 
content  of  miod  and  happiness,  than  in  the  trembling  affluence  of 
an  unsettled  fortune.  But  to  be  called,  after  sixteen  years  have 
elapsed,  to  account  for  my  conduct  in  this  manner;  and  after  an 
uninterrupted  enjoyment  of  tnj  property,  to  be  questioned,  and 
considered  as  obtaining  it  unwarrantably,  is  hard  indeed  I  and  a 
treatment  of  which  I  should  not  think  the  British  Senate  capable. 
Yet  if  this  should  be  the  case,  t  have  a  conscious  innocence  within 
me,  that  tells  me  my  conduct  is  irrepi-oachable.  Frangus,  non 
flectes.  They  may  take  from  me  what  I  have;  they  may  as  they 
think,  make  me  poor,  but  I  will  be  happy.  Before  I  sit  down,  I 
have  one  request  to  make  to  the  House,  that  when  they  come  to 
decide  upon  my  honour,  they  will  not  forget  their  own.** 

'^  The  House  of  Commons  rejected  the  motion,  and  res6]ved, 
*^  That  Lord  Olive  had  rendered  great  and  meritorious  services  \s> 
his  country.'* 

"  Such  was  the  issue  of  this  disgraceful  persecution.  If,  in- 
deed, the  Minister  had  made  his  attack  upon  those  men,  whose 
names  are  recorded  onlyin  the  register  of  a  people's  sufterings; 
upon  those  men  who,  under  the  pretence  of  customary  presents, 
extorted  ftom  wretches,  who  had  nothing  but  their  subsistence  to 
give,  two  thonsand  a  year  for  their  footman,  two  thousand  a  year 
for  their  toilet,  two  thchisand  five  hundred  a  year  for  the  expenses 
of  thdr  table;  upbn  men  who,  under  the  pretence  of  keeping  the 
bonks  of  rivers  id 'repair^  harassed  the  people  by  exactions,  that 
had  neither  mle  nor  limit;  upon  men  who,  lindec  the  pretence  of 
a  traffic  in  salt,'  seized  the  necessaries  of  life,  and  established  a 
trad^;  the  currents  of  which  were  stained  with  blood;  upon  men> 
who  aggravated  the  honors  even  of  pestilence  and  Amine;  and 


55?  PEERAGE  OF  E|«6LAND. 

when  half  the  inhabitaots  are  swept  away,  insisted  tbit  the  liTiog 
should  pay  tbe  taxes  of  the  dead,  he  would  then  have  acted  as  the 
guardian  of  his  countty's  honour,  and  as  the  fnend  of  humao 
kind. 

**  When  the  disputes  between  Great  Britain  and  her  Coknies 
had  arisen  to  such  a  height,  that  they  were  not  likely  to  be  tenni* 
nated  any  other  way  than  by  open  hostilities,  orertures  were  made 
to  Lord  Clive  to  accept  of  the  chief  command  in  America.  Bat  be 
declined  tbe  proposal,  on  account  of  the  ill  state  of  his  health,  and 
from  a  consciousness,  that  the  vigour  of  his  mind  was  not  equal 
to  what  it  had  heretofore  been.  He  did  not  dare,  in  these  cir- 
cumstances, to  undertake  an  affair  of  such  importance,  Jest^  in 
the  end,  he  should  be  found  unequal  to  the  undertaking.  The 
Americans,  and  the  friends  of  American  liberty,  will  probably  think 
they  have  cause  to  rejoice,  that  his  military  abilities  were  not  on 
this  occasion  brought  to  a  trial. 

**  Lord  Clive  was  one  of  the  few  men,  whose  conduct  was  al- 
ways directed  by  the  dictates  of  his  own  mind,  and  whose  deci- 
sions were  therefore  secret.  Like  the  first  of  the  Caesars,  the 
talents  of  other  men  could  add  nothing  to  the  merits  of  his  geniin, 
or  the  correctness  of  his  judgment.  He  was  indeed  (as  Mr.  Pitt 
emphatically  called  him),  "  a  heaven-born  General^  who  without 
experience,  or  being  versed  in  military  affairs,  surpassed  all  the 
officers  of  his  time." 

"  In  pariiamcnt  he  represented,  from  the  year  if 60  to  the 
time  of  bis  decease,  the  ancient  borough  of  Shrewsbury,  the  prin- 
cipal town  of  the  county  in  which  he  was  born.  The  interest 
which  he  took  in  the  disputations  of  this  assembly,  was  seldom 
sufficient  to  induce  him  to  speak ;  but  when  the  attack  upon  hit 
conduct  had  called  into  action  the  powers  of  his  mind.  Jus  elo- 
quence was  sugh  as  has  not  often  been  surpassed. 

"  The  severe  illness  with  which  Lord  Clive  was  attacked,  dur- 
ing his  first  residence  in  the  East-Indies,  gave  an  injury  to  his 
constitution  which  was  never  repaired)  and  his  health  was  farther 
weakened  by  his  successive  visits  to  the  unwholesome  climates  of 
that  country.  Hence  it  was,  that  he  became  subject  at  times,  to 
a  depression  of  spirits.  His  ardent  and  active  mind,  when  not 
called  into  action  by  some  great  occasion,  frequently  preyed  upon 
itself.  In  the  latter  part  of  his  life,  having  nothing  pecoliarlj 
important  and  interesting  to  engage  his  attention,  and  his  body 
growing  more  and  more  infirm,  the  depression  increased;  and  to 
this  was  owing  his  decease  on  the  22d  of  November,  1774,  not 


feAftL  OP  POWIS.  553 

hmg  after  be  had  entered  into  the  fiftieth  jear  of  his  age.  He 
was  interred  at  Moreton-Say,  the  parish  in  which  he  wasr  bora.  ' 
«^  In  the  various  relations  of  private  life^  Lord  Clive  Was  higblj 
beloved  and  esteemed;  for  he  was  a  man  of  the  kindest  affections^ 
and  of  every  social  virtae.  His  secret  charities  were  numerous 
and  extensive;  but  the  present  he  made  of  seventy  thousand 
pounds^  as  a  provision  for  the  invalids  of  the  Company's  service, 
was  the  noble&t  donation  of  its  kind,  that  eVer  came  Ax>m  a  pri- 
vate individaal, 

^  His  person  was  of  the  largest  of  the  middle  size;  his  counr 
tenance  inclined  to  sadness  $  and  the  heaviness  of  his  brow  im* 
parted  an  unpleasing  expression  to  his  features.  It.  was  a  heaviness 
that  arose,  not  from  the  prevalence  of  the  unsocial  passions  (for 
of  these>  few  men  bad  a  smaller  share),  but  from  a  natural  fulness 
in  the  fiesh  above  the  eye-lid.  His  words  were  few;  and  his 
manner,  among  strangers,  was  reserved ;  yet  it  won  the  confidence 
of  men,  and  gained  admission  to  the  heart.  Among  his  intimate 
friends  he  had  great  pleasantry  and  jocoseness^  and  on  some  occa* 
sions  was  too  opeo.'*^ 

His  Lordship  married,  in  17^3,  Margaret,  daughter  of  Edmund 
Maskelyne,  Esq.  of  Purton,  in  Wiltshire  (and  sister  to  the  pre- 
sent Rev.  Dr  Nevile  Maskelyne,  Astronomer  Royal),  and  by  her, 
who  survived  him  many  years,  and  is^  it  is  presumed^  still  livings 
had  issne, 

1.  'EAwzx^,  present  Peer. 

2.  Richard,  bora  March  7th,  1755,  died  young. 

3.  Robert  died  young.     4.  Jane  died  an  infant. 

5.  Rebecca,  bora  in  October,  176O3  married,  March  14th,  1780j| 
John  Robinson,  Esq.  of  Denston  Hall,  Suffolk,  now  a  Major* 
general.    She  died  in  December,  179^- 

Q»  Charlotte,  to  whom  her  Majesty  stood  sponsor,  died  October 

doth,  1795. 

7.  Margaret,  born  August  15th,  1763;  married,  April  11th, 
1788,  Lieut  .-Colonel  Lambert  Theodore  Walpole  (nephew  of  the 
late  Earl  of  Orford),  who  fell  in  the  rebellion  in  Ireland^  in  June, 

8.  Elizabeth  died  young. 

p.  Robert,  a  Lieut-Cdonel  in  the  Armyi  on  half-payi  and  M.P* 
fer  Ludlow,  bora  August  30th,  1769. 

fiis  Lordship  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  8oo> 

c  Biogr*  Brit.  III.  653. 


554  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Edwabd;  second  Lord  Clwe,  and  presem  Earl  op  Po wit>  wbo 
was  bom  March  yih,  1754,  •  ■ 

ICs  Lordship  represented  the  botoagb  of  Ludlow,  till  be  was 
elevated  to  an  Eoglisb  Peerage. 

,  His  Lordship  married,  Maj  7th,  1784«  Lady  Henrietta  Antoola 
Herbert,  daughter  of  Heniy- Arthur,  Earl  of  Powis,  and  sister  4nd 
heir  of  George-Edward-Henrj-Arthuri  the  last  Earl,  on  whose 
decease  without  issue,  in  1801,  that  title  became.extinct/ 

f  Hit  lArdahip  was  deaceoded  Jn  the  male  fine  Amu  the  ancle  of  thtJSnt  Ltrd 
Uirhtrif  ofCJurkitry  \  and  hit  mother  wtt  daughter  and  heir  of  Loid  Edward  Her* 
bert,  only  brother  of  Williaffl»  the  Uit  Marjaat  ofF^wu*  The  Peerage  had  tbere-< 
been  reYi^ed  in  his  father,  by  creating  him  Loud  Hbrbirt,  op  Chi  it  bury, 
1743;  and  Earl  op  Powis,  1747* 

Sir  Richard  Herbert,  of  Colbrook,  Knt.  younger  brother  to  William  Heibert, 
who  was^  advanced  to  the  title  of  Earl  of  Pembroke  by  King  Edward  iV«  (aM 
Vol.  III.  107,  III),  had  his  residence  in  the  cattle  of  Montgomery.  He  had 
issue, 

Edward  Herbert^  who  had  three  sons. 

V.  Richard. 

s.  Matthew  Heibert,  of  Dolgmg^  amentor  to  the  hte  Earl  of  Powis. 

3*  Charlety  father  of  Sir.  Edward  Herbert,  Attorney-Oeneral  to  ICiog  Char.  I. 
whose  son,  Arthur,  was  created  Bari  of  Tvrrp^;^  and  died  1716^  without 
i^sue. 

Richard,  eldest  son,  resided  at  the  castle  of  Montgomery,  (See  Walton^s  Life 
of  his  son,  George  Herbert,  the  Poet),  and  died  IJ97. 

Edward,  eldest  son,  was  the  celebrated  Ltrd  Herbert,  ef  Cimrhmyt  whose  curi* 
ons  Life,  written  by  himself,  was  printed  at  Stniwberry*Hill  by  the  late  Lord 
Orford.  He  was  bom  1581,  made  a  Knight  fA  the  Bath  at  tho  conoAtioa  of 
King  James  I.  1603  \  and  created  an  Irish  Peer,  by  the  title  of  Ltri  Herbert,  ef 
CmOU^hhrni,  m  tie  eotuU/  of  Kerry ,  31st  December,  %i  Ja^ies  I.  and  advanced 
to  the  English  Peerage,  by  the  title  of  Lord  Hbrbirt,  op  Chirbury,  May  7th, 
1629.  He  died  August  20th,  1648,  aged  slzty-seren.  He  was  succeeded  by  his 
•on  and  heir, 

.  lUichard,  skcoiib  Lord  Hbrbert,  .of  CftMurf,  who  married  Mary^  daugh- 
ter of  John  Egerton,  first  Earl  of  Bridgewater,  and  dying  May  13th,  i^55»  was 
succeeded  by  his  eldest  son  and  heir, 

Edward,  third  Lord  Herbert,  cf  Ourhtay,  His  first  wife  w$b  Anne  Myd* 
dletonj  and  his  second  wife,  Elisabeth,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Oeorge  Brydges, 
sixth  Lord  Chandos;  but  he  died  without  issue,  December  9th,  167S,  ct.  6^ 
and  was  succeeded  by  his  only  surviving  brother, 

Henry,  foqrth  Lord  Herbert,  of  CUrhmy\  who  also  died  without  issne 
April  21st,  169  X,  and  the  titles  became  extincti  bat  wws  revived  in  ahont  three 
years,  ia  the  nepliew  of  the  first  Peer*. 

Sir  Henry  Herbert,  tixth  krother  of  the  frsi  Peer,  wss  Muter  of  the  Revek  in 
the  reign  of  King  James  I.  which  office  he  retained  fifty  years.  He  lived  to  see 
the  Restoration;  and  left  issue  by  EUsabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Ofiley, 

Henry  Herbert,  his  son  and  htir,  who  wrs  advanced  to  the  title  of  Lord  Hbr<* 


BARL  OF  FOWilS.  ^s 

B7  this  Lftdy  his  Lordship  has  issue, 

1.  Edwazd^  ViscoODt  Clive>  bom  Maicb  22A,  l;^86,  M.P4  for 
Ludlow. 

BXRTy  rfCIMmyf  April  28th»  1(94.    He  died  Janoarj  sid|  17099  and  mm  ste- 
tceded  by  his  only  soo^ 

Heniy,  ucond  Loud  Hirbcrt»  </  Ckirhay  (of  the  scmm/  creation),  oa 
whose  death  without  issoe,  on  April  17389  the  title  became  again  extinct. 

We  now  retorn  therefore  to  the  next  heir  male,  Mi//An»  Herbert,  of  Delgnog, 
anele  to  the  first  and  celebrated  Lord  Herbert*  He  repreiented  the  county  of 
MonmoBth  m  parliament  in  5  Elisabeth.    He  left  issue, 

Francis  Herbert,  of  Dolgeoig,  Esq.  who  had  hit  estate  sequetteied  for  his 
loyalty.    His  eldest  ton  and  heir. 

Sir  Matthew  Herbert^  of  Bromfield,  in  Shropshire,  was  created  a  Baronet,  1663, 
bat  died  without  iaaue. 

Richard  Herbert,  Esq.  his  next  brother,  of  Dolgeoig,  and  of  Oakley  Park,  in 
Shropshire,  married  his  cousin,  Florence,  sister,  and  at  length  coheir  of  Henry, 
Ibnrth  Lord  Herbert,  of  Chirbury.    ^y  her  he  left  issue^ 

Francis  Herbert,  of  Dolgeiog,  and  Oakley  Park,  £9^  who  died  Febrttary  lytfa* 
1719,  leaviogissne, 

Henry-Arthur  Herbert,  who  having  become  heir  male  of  the  family  by  the 
death  of  the  lut  Peer  in  1^38,  was  himself  elevated  to  the  Peerage,  by  the  tide 
of  Lord  Hbrbbrt,  of  CBrhmy^  December  sist,  17431  end  advanced  to  be 
Vvmrnt  Xtt&w,  and  Earl  op  Pdwis,  by  letters  patent,  27th  May,  at  Oto,  II, 
He  died  December  1  ith,  177s,  having  mairied  Barbara,  sole  dattghfer  sad  heir 
of  Lord  Edward  Herbert,  only  brother  of  William^  the  last  MSrqnis  of  FMris,  by 
whom  he  left  issue, 

T.  George  Edward  Henry  Arthur,  sbcokd  Earl  op  Powis,  bom  July  ytht 
17^5,  uriio  died  unmarried  in  1801  \  and  an  only  surviving  daughter. 

Lady  Henrietta-Antonia,  born  September  3d,  17585  and  mairied,  as  in  the 
text,  to  Edward,  Lord  dive,  now  Earl  of  Powis. 

The  Marqids  of  Powis  was  descended  from  the  Pembroke  bsaach.  Sir  Edward 
Herbert,  younger  son  of  William,  who  wu  created  Earl  of  Pembroke,  155 1  (see 
Vd.  ItL  p.  118),  was  seated  at  Red-Casde,  now  Powis-Castle,  00.  Montgomery. 
He  died  March  ft3d,  1594* 

Sir  William  Herbert,  his  son  and  heir,  was  created  Lord  Powis,of  Powis,  April 
ftd,  1629}  and  died  March  7th,  1655,  aged  eighty  •three.  By  Lady  Eleanor» 
daughter  of  Henry  Percy,  eighth  Earl  of  Northumberland,  he  had  two  daughters, 
of  whom,  Lucy,  married  William  Habington,  of  Hindlip,  in  Worcestenhire,  the 
poet  (see  his  CattarMjf  snd 

Percys  son  and  heir,  became  sbcond  Lord  Powis,  and  was  created  Earl  op 
Powjs,  April  7th,  1674.    He  died  January  19th,  1676,  leaving  a  son  and  hdr, 

William,  SBCOND  Earl  op  Powis,  who  was  created  Marqois  op  Powis 
Match  a4th,  1676-7*  He  ioHowed  the  fortunes  of  King  James  at  the  Abdication^ 
and  was  advanced  by  him  to  be  D&b  rfP^wk,  He  died  at  St.  Gekmains,  June  ad^ 
1696. 

William,  his  only  son,  sbcowd  MaRQUifs  op  Powis,  was  restored  to  his  tillsi. 
He  died  unmarried  in  1748$  and  the  titles  became  extinct^ 

Lord  EdwHid,  his  brother,  died  before  him  in  1734^  haping  maniid  Lady  Hen- 


556  ?££RAGB  OF  EKGtAND. 

2.  Robert-Henry,  bom  Janaarf  I5di»  178$. 

3.  Lady  Henrietta- Antooia>  born  September  5th,  1796. 

4*  Lady  Charlotte-Florentia,  bom  September  12th9 1787.   ^ 
His  Lordship  was  appointed  Governor  of  Fort  St.  George,  at 
M&dras,  in  1802,  which  he  resigned  in  1803.    And  the  thanks 
of  both  Hoases  of  Parliament  were  voted  to  him  for  his  services 
during  the  Mahratta  war,  on  May  3d,  1804. 

Hi»  Lordship  was  advanced  to  a  BritisJk  Peerage,  by  the  title  of 
LoBD  Clivb,  of  fTalcot,  in  Shropshire,  in  Augast,  1794,  and  far- 
ther elevated  to  an  Earldom,  by  the  titles  of  Baron  Powis,  of 
Powis'Castle;   Baron  Herbert,  of  Chirhuryi   Viscount  Clxve,  of 
Ludlow,  and  £arl  of  Powis,  on  May  I2th^  1804. 

Titles.  Edward  Clive,  Lord  Ciive,  of  Plassey  (an  Iiish  Peerage) ; 
Jiord  Powifl,  of  Powis;  Lord  Herbert,  of  Chirbory;  Viscount 
Clive,  of  Ludlow  3  and  Earl  of  Powis. 

Creations,    Baron  Clive,  of  Plassey,  the  county  of  Clare,  15th 
March,  1762;  Baron  Clive,  of  Walcot,  in  Shropshire,  August 
1794;  Baron  Powis,  of  Powis }  Baron  Herbert,  of  Chir bury;  Vis- 
count Clive,  of  Ludlow;  and  Earl  of  Powis,  May  12tb,  1804. 
.  Arms,    Argent^  a  fess  Sable,  charged  with  three  mullets.  Or. 

Crest,  On  a  wreath,  a  griffin  with  wings  expanded.  Argent^ 
4ucally  gorged;  Gules. 

Supporters,  Dexter,  an  elephant.  Argent;  sinister,  a  griffin 
with  wings  expanded.  Argent^  powdered  with  mullets^  and  du^ 
cally  gorged,  Gules. 

Motto,      AUDACTER    ET   SINCERE. 

Chief  Seats.  •  Powis-Castlc,  co.  Montgomery;  Walcot,  and 
Oakley-Park,  Shropshire. 

rietta,  only  daughter  of  James,  Earl  of  Waldegrave,  by  whom  he  left  a  posthumous 
shild,  Barbara,  married,  1751,  to  Henry- Arthur->Herbert,  then  L^rd  Herbert,,  uf 
Chihiury,  and  Strl  offvmit^  by  a  new  creation,  ai  before  mentioned. 


1  «  .  •    ••  . 


5.    '. 


EARL  KELSON. 


NELSON,   EARL   NELSON. 

ONs'of  tbc  grealeit  namei  which  wUl  hereaft^  occur  in  the 
annals  of  British  hinory,  or  perhaps  in  ibe  annals  of  the  world, 
at  least  as  far  as  the  operations  of  war  are  concerned,  will  be  that 
of  Nelson.  No  one  certain!}'  has  jet  shewn  himself  entitled  to 
be  placed  as  his  rival  in  naval  glory.  His  heroic  deeds  are  so  ni^ 
meroiu,  so  splendid,  and  so  incalculably  important,  that  in  him 
the  Biographer  is  confounded  "  with  excess  of  light,"  Of  tome 
nneo,  the  great  deeds  reijuire  to  be  told,  because  they  deserve  ce- 
lebration. The  celebrity  of  Nelson  is  already  so  universal,  that 
be  who  endeavoHrs  to  add  to  it,  inclirs  the  hazard  of  effecting  no 
other  purpose  than  the  taedium  of  a  tale  a  thousand  times  told.  It 
would  not  be  uniform  with  the  plan  of  tills  work,  were  the  com- 
piler (o  ^ss  over  briefly  the  lifeof  snch  a  man.  Yet,  perhaps,  the 
three  words,  Nile— Copbnhaqen — ^Tbapaloab,  wonld  say  more 
than  an  hundred  pages  could  relate. 

'  If  ever  there  was  a  man,  whose  ambition  was  iocessanlly  of  the 
noblest  and  purest  kindj  if  ever  thciv  was  a  man,  whose  gallantry 
eclipsed  that  of  others;  if  ever  there  was  a  man,  who  united  the 
deepest  and  most  rapid  natural  sagacity  in  state-affairs,  with  all 
the  practical  skill  and  wisdom  of  an  exhausting  and  unlimited 
profession;  if  ever  there  was  a  man,  whose  glowing  benevolepce, 
and  almost  infentine  tenderness  of  heart,  no  repeated  trials  of  in- 
describable danger  could  deaden;  no  scenes  of  blood-shed  could 
allay;  if  ever  there  was  a  man,  who,  to  the  simplicity  of  a  child, 
joined  an  understanding  of  inexhaustible  and  almost  inspired  re- 
souroei  in  a  succetsion  of  the  most  perilous  and  imporiant  enter- 
prizes,  in  which  a  mortal  can  be  engaged,  Nelson  was  above  all 
others  that  man !  , 

Famcj  and  love  of  his  country,  were  the  8pnn  which  raised 


M6  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

him>  by  paUic  lenricet  of  six-and'tweDtj  yean,  almost  above  Ibo 
sphere  of  hamaoity.  He  won  his  laurels  with  difficulty,  and 
haidlyj  many  a  long  year  did  he  toil  against  the  stream,  till  his 
spirit  would  by  6t8  experience  momentary  fainliogs;  his  ardour 
was  met  by  suspidon  and  coldness;  p9blic  men,  judging  from  theoH 
idves,  saw  nothing  but  self-interest  in  all  his  generous  enthusiasm; 
they  perused  with  eyes  askant,  and  smiles  of  scepticism,  hia  mi- 
mercenary  plans  for  the  promotion  of  bis  countxy*s  glory,  and  the 
detection  or  restraint  of  her  peculators ;  he  was  confronted,  stared 
down,  and  put  aside  by  the  glare  of  those,  whose  borrowed  splen-* 
dor  had  sprung  from  his  own  exertions;  but  he  perserered,  and 
the  tide  of  glory  came  at  last|  even  beyond  the  dreams  of  his  most 
inebriated  fancy ! 

William  Nelson,  descended,  by  traditioi^  from  the  ancient 
house  of  that  name,  which  was  seated  at  Maudisley,  in  Lancashire, 
before  the  reign  of  James  L  from  whom  was  descended  (as  con* 
jectured)» 

William  Nelson,  of  Dunham  Parva,  in  Norfolk,  bom  at  Scar* 
ning,  in  l654,  who  died  at  Dunham  Parva,  January  27th,  1713, 
aged  fifly-nine,  and  was  buried  at  Sporle,  in  the  same  county  j 
having  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Sbene,  who  was  lx>m  at 

Dunham  Parva  aforesaid,  in  1652,  and  dying  January  3d,  1731, 
aged  seventy*nine,  was  buried  at  Dunham  Parva.  By  her  he  had 
issue 

1.  Thomas  Nelson,  of  Sporle  aforesaid,  eldest  son,  bom  at 
Seaming  aforesaid,  July  19th,  l6S3,  who  died  April  22dj  17G2, 
Bgcd  seventy*nine,  and  was  buried  at  Sporle. 

2.  William  Nelson,  of  Dunham  Parva,  born  at  Seaming.  Fe« 
broaiy  18th,  1688,  who  died  January  29tb,  1775,  aged  dghty« 
Seven,  and  was  buried  at  Dunham  Parva. 

3.  The  Rev.  Edmuvo  Nelson,  bora  at  Dunham  Parva,  Novem* 
her  4th,  l6g3 ',  Rector  of  Hilborougb,  Norfolk.  He  died  October 
23d,  1747>  St.  54)  and  was  buried  at  Hilborougb,  having  mar- 
ried, April  23d,  17 1 7,  Mary,  daughter  of  John  Bland,  of  Cam- 
bridge, Gent.  She  died  July  4th,  1789>  set.  91,  and  was  buried 
at  Hilborougb,  having  had  issue  by  him, 

1.  Edmund,  hereafter  mentioned, 

2.  John,  bom  at  Hilborougb,  June  l6th,  1736,  died  abroad 
unmarried. 

3.  Mary  died  in  March  1800,  and  buried  at  Hilborougb. 

4.  Alice,  bom  at  East  Bradenham,  in  Norfolk,  married  the 
Rey.  Robert  Rolfe^  Rector  of  Hilborougiu  He  died  May  9th,  1785. 


EARL  NELSON.  559 

5.  Tbomasine^  born  at  Eost-Bradenbam,   aod  married  Joba 
Gou]ty,  of  Norwicb>  Gent 

The  Rev.  £dmun0  Nelson^  A.  M.  eldest  son,  was  bom  at  East* 
3radenbiEun^  March  iptb^  1722-3^  was  educated  at  Cains  college, 
Cambridge^  and  was  rector  of  Barnham-Thorpe^  in  Norfolk.  He 
died  April  ^th>  ]802»  aged  seyenty-nine.  He  married  at  Beccles, 
in  Sofiblk,  on  May  llth^  174Q,  Catharine  Suckling,  daughter  of 
the  Rev.  Maurice  Suckling,  D.  D.  Prebendary  of  Westminster^ 
and  Rector  of  "Barsham,  in  Suffolk,  by  Anne  Turner  (who  was 
born  16^3,  and  died  in  January  17GQ,  aged  seventy-five,  and  was 
buried  at  Barsham),  daughter  of  Sir  Charles  Turner,  of  Warham, 
in  Norfolk,  Bart,  by  Mary,  eldest  daughter  of  Robert  Walpole, 
l^sq.  and  sister  of  Sir  Robert  Walpole,  K.  G.  first  Earl  of  Orford 
(who  died  March  gth,  iJ45-6),  and  of  Horatioi  Lord.WalpolciOf 
Wolterton,  who  died  if 5^  (grandfather  of  the  present  Earl  of 
Orford.)  By  this  Lady,  who  died  in  December  1767,  aged  forty* 
fwo,  and  was  buried  at  Bumham*Thorpe,  Edmund  Nelson  had 
issue, 

1.  Edmund  Nelson^  died  an  infiint  1751,  and  was  buried  at 
pilborough. 

2.  Horatio  Nelson,  died  an  infant  1/52,  and  was  buried  at 
Hilborough. 

8.  Manrice  Nelson,  born  at  Swaffham,  in  Norfolk,  May  24tb, 
1753,  a  Clerk  in  the  Navy-ofiice;  died  April  24th,  1801,  without 
^ssue,  St.  48.    An  humble,  amiable,  and  virtuous  man. 

4.  William,  now  Earl  Nelson,  of  whom  hereafter. 

5.  Admiral  Horatio,  Viscount  Nelson,  of  whom  presenily» 

6.  Susannah,  married  at  Bumham-Thorpe,  Augnst  Jst,  178O, 
fo  Thomas  Bolton,  of  Wells,  in  Norfolk,  Esq.  (who  was  bom  at 
Coddenham,  in  Suffolk,  December  litb,  1752.)  By  her  he  has 
bad  issue,  1.  Thomas  Bolton,  born  at  St.  Michaers,  Norwich, 
^nly  7th,  1796,  presumptive  heir  to  the  Earldom,  2.  George,  bora 
at  Norwich,  died  at  sea  1799'  3.  and  4.  Jemima-Susanna  and 
Catharine  (twins),  born  at  Wells,  in  Norfolk,  November  20th, 
1781.  5.  Anne^  died  an  infant.  6.  Elizabeth- Anne,  baptized 
September  20tb,  1789.    7.  Anne,  baptized  October  30th,  1791. 

7.  Anne  Nelson,  died  at  Bath  1783,  unmanied. 

8.  Catharine  Nelson,  bom  March  19th,  1767»  married,  Fe- 
bruary 26th,  1787,  to  George  Matcham,  of  Ringwood,  in  Hants, 
Esq.  by  whom  she  has  had  istue,  1.  George,  bdrn  November  7th, 
1789.  2.  Heniy  Savage^  bora  1791,  since  deceased.  3.  Catha* 
rine,  bora  1 792.    4.  Edmund  Nelson^  born  in  1793>  since  dead. 


660  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

5.  Elizabeth,  born  in  ITQS.  6.  Francis  Griffith^  bom  in  ITgB; 
died  in  1608.  7*  Mary-Anne^  bom  in  1797,  deceased.  •  And  two 
other  8onS|  Horatio  Nelson^  and  Charles,  now  living^. 

Of  Admiral  Horatio^  Viscount  Nblson,  thejiftk  son,  a 
tnost  splendid  account  has  been,  in  the  year  1810,  given  to  the 
world,  tinder  the  title  of,  *'  The  Life  of  Admiral  I^rd  NelsoUf 
K,  B.  from  his  Lordship*s  Manuscripts,  By  the  Rev,  James  Sla^ 
flier  Clarke^  F,  R,  S,  and  John  M' Arthur,  Esq.  laie  Secretary  to 
Mmtral  Lord  Viscount  Hood.**  In  two  folio  volumes.  From  that 
work  the  present  slight  sketch  will  be  abridged* 

Horatio  Nelson  was  born  at  the  parsonage  house  at  Bum- 
ham-Thorpe,^  in  Norfolk,  September  29th,  1758;  and  was.aent 
to  school,  first,  to  Norwich,  and  afterwards  to  North  Walsham. 
When  twelve  }'<earB  old,  hearing  of  the  appointment  of  his  mo* 
ther*s  brother.  Captain  Maurice  Suckling,^  to  the  Raisonable  man 
of  war,  of  sixty-four  guns,  he  entreated  his  fathers  leave  to  go 
with  him.  *'  Various  disappointments,  with  the  difficulties  of  a 
narrow  income,  had  chilled  in  the  mind  of  his  father  all  ideas  ot 
patronage  from  his  connections;  and  the  loss  of  his  wife,  whom 
he  had  tenderly  loved,  cast  an  additional  gloom  over  the  prospect 
of  his  humble  expectations."  But  the  generous  and  daring  reso- 
lution of  Horatio  prevailed  with  him  to  write  to  Captain  Suck* 
ling.  ''  What  has  poor  Horatio  done  (said  the  answer),  that  he, 
above  all  the  rest,  should  be  sent  to  rough  it  out  at  sea?  But  let 
him  come^  and  the  first  time  we  go  into  action,  a  cannop  ball 
may  come,  and  knock  off  his  head  at  once." 

The  ship  not  being  ready,  he  returned  to  school;  but  after 
tbree  or  four  months  stay  there,  he  received  the  expected  sum- 
mons >  tore  himself  from  his  brother,  William,  his  schoolfellow 
land  companion,  accompanied  his  father  to  London,- and  went 
thence  to  join  the  Raisonable,  then  lying  in  the  Medway.  Hb 
first  entry  was  forbidding;  he  knew  no  one;  his  nnde  was  not 
yet  arrived;  and  trembling  with  all  those  domestic  affections^ 
which  never  left  him  till  deaths  he  felt  the.  first  separation  of 
ihem^  like  the  lopping  off  of  every  pleasurable  tie  of  ei^ist* 
^nce. 

The  Raisonable  was  soon  paid  off,  and  Captain  fiuckliiig  was 

,  >  Not  far  from  Buruham-Tborpe,  at  i  small  rillage,  called  Cockthorpe,  wem 
bom  thjree  distinguished  naval  oificersi  Sir  John  Naiborougbi  Sir  Cloudesly  Sho- 
vel, and  Sir  Chtistopber  Mimms. 

^  He  is  said  to  have  been  descended  from  the  saips  family  as  Sir  John  Suck!ingf 
*lhe  pHt,    His  ancestors  had  been  long  resident  at  Wooton,  in  NorfoHc. 


E  ABL  NELSON.  ^ 

apfidiiiteGl  16  the  Trimnphy  df  ieTentj-faar  gtms,  staftsotted  asu 
gourdHhip  in  the  Medwaj*  This  being  deemed  loo  inactive  a 
iitnation  for  young  Nelson,  h6  was  sent  in  a  merchant-ship*  under 
the  command  of  Mr.  Rathbone,  to  the  West-Indies,  where  he 
acquired,  for  a  tiode^  a  preference  to  the  merchdnt-servtce,  which 
his  uncle,  on  his  return  to  his  bwn  ship,  had  some  di£Sctiltjr  to 
eradicate. 

lu  1773,  a  Voyage  of  Discovery  was  planned  to  the  North  Pole, 
under  Captaiti  Phipps  (afterwards  Lord  Mulgrave.)<^  Boys  were 
not  in  general  allowed  to  go.  But  yoang  Nelson,  who  already 
sighed  for  enterprize,  found  interest  to  be  admitted  as  Captain's 
coxswain  to  the  Carcass,  Captain  (now  Admiral)  Lutwidge.  The 
fiace-horse  and  Carcass  sailed  from,  the  Nore,  June  4th,  1773^ 
and  made  the  land  of  Spitsbergen  on  the  2ath.<^ 

On  the  return  of  the  Race-horse  and  Carcass  to  England,  they 
Were  paid  off,  October  15th,  1773)  ^ben  Nelson  "^as  recon^'> 
mended  by  his  uncle  to  the  Sea^-horse,  twenty-guns,  attached  to 
the  squadron  destined  to  the  East'-Indies  under  Sir  Edward  Hughes. 
He  was  stationed  in  the  foretop  at  watch  and  watch;  but  was 
soon  placed  on  the  quarter-deck,  and  rated  as  a  Midshipman.  It 
must  be  recollected,  that  he  was  yet  only  fifteen  years  old.  His 
appearance  at  this  time  was  that  of  a  boy  with  a  florid  counte** 
nance,  rather  stout  and  athletic  j  but  unfortunately,  when  he  (lad 
been  about  eighteen  months  in  India,  he  caught  a  malignant  dis- 
order, which  nearly  baffled  the  powers  of  medicine.  He  was  then 
not  only  a  skeleton,  but  for  some  time  entirely  lost  the  use  of  his 
limbs;  and  nothing  but  the  kindness  of  Capt  Pigot,  who  brought 
him  home  in  the  Dolphini  saved  his  gallant  spirit  from  b^ing  exr 

tinguished  for  ever. 

In  his  voyage  home,  his  spirits  often  sunk,  and  despair  over- 
whelmed him.  **  I  felt  impressed  (said  he),  with  an  idea  that  I 
should  never  rise  in  my  profession.  My  mind  was  staggered  with 
a  view  of  the  difflcnlties  I  had  to  surmount,  and  the  little  interest 
I  possessed.  I  could  discover  no  means  of  reacliing  the  object  of 
my  ambition.  After  a  long  and  gloomy  reverie,  in  which  I  almost 
wisi^ed  myself  overboard,  a  sudden  glow  of  patriotism  was  kin* 
died  within  me;  and  presented  my  King  and  country  as  my 
patrons.  *'  Well  then  (I  exclaimed),  I  ivill  he  a  hero,  anft  con-' 
JuUng  in  Providence,  I  will  Iraye  every  danger  /"  From  that  mo- 

c  He  died  179ft,  ^^'^^  brother  to  the  present  Peer, 
d  At  this  time  the  itory  of  his  honting  the  betr  on  the  ice,  of  which  **  Yk 
wished  to  get  the  skin  for  hit  father,**  it  weU  known. 


562  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

ment^  be  told  Caplaia  Hardj,  ** «  radbnt  oib  sppeired  hdbn  Wt 
miiid's  eyt,  which  urged  him  ODwafd  to  feoown.'*  It  hai  beti» 
well  md,  that 

*'  the  light  which  led  him  on 
Was.  light  firom  heaven.'*  * 

When  he  reached  England,  he  found  his  uncle.  Captain  Sock^ 
Bng,  Comptroller  of  the  Navy,  to  which  he  was  appointed  in  April 
1775,  Soon  after  his  arrival,  therefore,  on  September  25tb,  177(Si 
he  was  appointed  to  act  as  fourth  Libutsnaht  of  the  Worcester, 
nxty-ibur  guns,  commanded  by  Captain  Mark  Robinson,  then 
about  to  sail  with  a  convoy  to  Gibraltar.  In  this  ship  he  was  at 
•ea  with  convoys  till  April  2d,  1777, 

«  On  April  8th,  1777,  he  passed  his  examinatton  as  Lixirra* 
namt;  and  the  next  day  received  his  commission,  as  second 
Lieutenant  of  the  Lowestofie  frigate,  of  thhty-lwo  guns.  Captain 
William  Locker,'  being  then  in  his  twentieth  year.  In  thb  ship 
he  sailed  for  the  Jamaica  station  on  May  l6tb,  1777. 

After  more  than  a  year*s  active  service  in  this  ship.  Nelson  was 
through  the  zealous  friendship  of  Captain  Locker,  appointed  third 
Lieutenant  of  the  Bristol,  the  flag-ship  of  Admiral  Sir  Peter 

Parker. 

On  December  8th,  1778,  Nelson  (who  was  succeeded  in  the 
Bristol  by  the  late  Lord  Collingwood),B  was  appointed  a  Coir- 
MAHDBR  in  the  Badger  brig;  being  then  little  more  than  twenty 

years  old. 

On  1  Ith  June,  1779,  ^hen  not  quite  twenty-one.  Nelson  was 
made  Post-Captain  into  the  Hinchinbrooke,  of  twenty-eight 
guns,  where  he  was  when  D'Estaing,  with  a  powerful  fleet  and 
army,  threatened  Jamaica;  on  which  the  important  batteries  at 
Fort-Royal  were  committed  to  Captain  Nelson. 

Geoeral  Dalling  having  retolved  to  execute  a  plan  for  taking 
Fort  St.  Juan,  on  the  Rio  St.  Juan,  which  runs  from  the  great 
American  Lake  Nicaragua  into  the  Atlantic,  by  which  the  com- 
munication of  the  Spaniards  between  their  northern  and  southern 
dominions  would  be  separated,  the  command  of  the  naval  force 
was  given  to  Captain  Nelson.  This  little  army  set  forward  from 
Port  Royal  on  February  1780,  under  the  convoy  of  the  Hinchln- 
brooke.    They  arrived  on  March  24th,  at  the  river  San  Juan.* 

i  «  Quarterly  Review,  IIL  ftxy. 

f  H«  died  Lieuttntat  of  Greenwich  Hospittl»  I>ec«inber  z6di,  1800,  «fe4 
scTcoty. 

f  This  f  alUnt  compaoiMi  of  Nelson  died  at  tea*  MaKh  yth,  tt  !•• 


Itere  bis  services  were  intended  to  end :  bat  finding  them  vfiniti 
tn  dhore;  he  yolunteered  that  dangerous  dotj.  After  nnmeroutf 
diflktdtles  firom  the  country  and  climate^  th^  reached  San  Jaan 
on  April  llth^  and  began  to  besiege  it  on  tbe  13th.  It  snrren-' 
dered  on  the  24tb.  They  bad  now  to  contend  ^tb  worse  enemies 
than  men.  Fatal  sickness  ensued;  and  in  October  they  abandoned 
their  banefal  cmiquesf .  "  Nelson  (says  Dr.  Moseley),  did  more* 
than  his  daty :  where  any  thing  was  to  be  doney  he  saw  nor  diffi-' 
culties/* 

Iff  this  oteupsttiony  Nelson  received  tnftelligence  hy  the  Victor' 
sloop^  that  he  had  been  appointed  by  Sir  Peter  Parker  to  the  Ja- 
nus, forty-four  guns,  vacant  by  the  death  of  Captain  Bonovier 
Glover.i  He  therefore  immediately  embarked  for  Jaitmca,  which 
drew  him  from  a  scene  of  death.  His  health,  however,  was  so 
impaired,  that  when  he  reaicbed  Jamaica^  he  wto  taken  ashore  inf 
his  cot. 

Re  lioW  took  the  (5ommand  of  the  Janus  for  a  short  time^  but 
his  health  sufFerilig  a  relapse,  he  was  ordered  to  England,  as  the 
only  hope  of  irecovery.  In  September,  1780,  he  embarked  fof 
that  purpose  on  board  the  Lion,  Captain  Cornwallis. 

On  his  arrival  in  England,  he  was  immediately  accompanied  by 
his  fether  to  Bath,  where  he  was  in  January  1/81 ;  and  where  hef 
recovered  the  use  of  his  limbs  by  eleven  weeks  bathing. 

He  quitted  Bath  for  London  in  March,  and  immediately  soli'* 
cited  employment;  but  it  was  not  till  August  the  l6th  that  be  wa? 
appointed  to  commission  tbe  Albemarle  frigate  of  twenty-eight 
guns,  at  Woolwich;  in  which  he  was  ordered,  on  October  23d, 
to  Elsineuri  and  *'  it  would  almost  be  supposed  (says  he),  to  tiy 
fny  constitution,  I  was  kept  the  n^hole  winter  in  the  North  Seas.*^ 
Oti  January  8d^  1782,  be  returned  to  the  Dbwns  from  Y^rmoutlr 
Roads;  on  February  3d,  arrived  at  Spithead;  and  on  the  11th, 
was  ordered  into  Portsmouth  harbour. 

On  April  26th,  he  sailed  from  Cork  with  a  convoy  to  Quebec. 
He  reached  the  Isle  of  Bee,  in  the  river  St.  Lawrence,  July  Mth.** 

Hie  Albemarle  sailed  on  October  20th,  for  New  York,  wherer 
be  found  Admiral  Lord  Hood  in  tbe  Barfleur,  with  twelve  sail  of 
the  line.  It  was  here  that  he  became  first  acquainted  with  H.R.H; 
the  Duke  of  Clarence,  then  serving  as  a  Midshipman  on  board  th6^ 

f  He  died  in  March,  1780.  He  was  son  of  Gbyer,  the  Poet,  the  celebrated 
mnthor  of  Liomdat,  .    . 

>  It  watf  at  Quebec  tkat  he  first  became  ac^aintad  with  Akxander  Daviaoay 
fince  to  well  known  f 


«£4  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Sarfleor.  H«  now  oblaiqed  penouaion  of  Lord  Hood  Ar  Ibt 
Albemarle  to  accocnpaAy  htm  to  the  West  IndiiBS.  He  saikd  wth 
him  03  November  224  On  February  5tJh»  1783«  tbty  mshnmH 
ia  Port-Royal. 

IntdUgonce  new  arrived  that  Pieliaunarics  of  h»ce  vtere  8%Bod» 
•ad  ea  Jone  2^tfa^  1783«  the  Albemarle  anchored  aft  Sfuihee^t 
and  was  paid  off  oo  July  dd.  "  I  have  doeed  the  war  (said  he)> 
wiUiOQt  a  fortoDc:  but  I  trust,  and  from  the  attention  that  hat 
been  paid  to  roe,  believe,  that  there  is  not  a  speck  in  my  charae* 
ter.  True  honour^  I  bc^e,  predominatea  in  mgr  miad  At  abo^e 
riches.** 

Captain  Nelson  had  now  scarcely  completed  his  twenty-fiftli 
year.  Twelve  of  these  years  had  been  passed  in  uainterrc^ilied 
bustle,  fatigue,  and  danger.  He  resolved  therefore  to  ei^oy  rcK 
pose  daring  the  peace.  But  he  who  has  been  used  to  such  a  lilt 
of  activity  soon  grows  tired  of  rest.  So  that  m  this  very  AutomQ 
he  resolved  to  ^it  France,  to  acquire  the  language  of  that  oooiitry. 
In  October,  1783,  he  embarked  at  Dover  for  Cabisb  in  company 
with  hia  fiiend.  Captain  Macnamara,  and  thence  went  oo  toi  Bas^ 
logne  and  St.  Omer*s. 

In  January  following  (I7S4),  he  again  returned  to  Bagla^d^ 
and  at  the  end  of  March,  he  was  appoinlol  to  the  BontiM,  of 
twenty-eight  guns,  ordered  for  the  Leeward  Islands,  aa  a  cruiser 
on  the  peace  establishment.  On  this  occasion  bis  brother,  Wil* 
liam  ^  (now  Earl  Nelson),  accompanied  him,  for  the  opportunity 
of  visiting  the  West  Indies.  Lady  Hughes,  also^  bad  her  passage 
in  this  ship,  to  join  her  husband.  Sir  Richard,  who  coounanded 
on  that  station.  On  May  igthji  1784,  the  Boreas  sailed  fo  Bap* 
badoes,  and  the  Leeward  Islands.  She  arriyed  at  Barbadoes,  Jane 
26th.    Here  Nelson  found  himself  on  bis  arrival  senior  Caplaia* 

At  the  close  of  this  year,  and  the  bq;inQing  of  the  ensumg  year, 
1785,  Captain  Nelson  having  no  declared  enemies  to  contend  ' 
with,  began  to  pay  that  extraordinary  attention  to  the  oommeroial 
interests  of  his  country  in  the  West  Indies,  which  prvred  such  t 
support  to  his  Majest/s  order  in  council  of  July  2d,  1783,  respecting 
the  American  trade  thither,  and  became  do  highly  honoamUe  tfi 
Nelson's  professional  abilities.  His  active  spirit  would  never  allow 
him  to  remain  idle  on  any  station,  even  during  peace.  He  observed 
that  our  West  India  islands  swarmed  with  American  vessels,  to  the 

i  He  quitted  the  Weit-Indies  on  account  of  his  health,  September  30tfa,  lyli^ 
snd  fctamtd  to  England  on  board  the  Fury  sloop. 


£ABL  NXLSQZL  Mf 

fiMt  ^detrioBQit  of  the  British  d:ide  and  coniiiiieroe:  for  tie  Ame- 
nauit  taking  advantage  of  the  register  of  their  vessds  prior  to 
tbdr  independence^  and  issued,  as  they  said,  while  tb^  wet« 
Brittth  subjects,  were  unifonnly  countenaneed  by  the  piantan, 
Mifobaats,  and  officers  of  the  cnstoBis  of  our  difictent  islands,  Itt 
the  aggraodbcnaent  of  individuals,  and  the  injury  of  the  com- 
jaeroe  of  the  mother  countiy.  He  therefore  was  determined  to 
put  a  slop  as  soon  as  possible  to  this  illicit  trade.  The  Governor^ 
Sir  Thomas  Shirley,  joined  with  the  planters,  in  opposing  himi 
aad  the  Admiral  was  disposed  to  ^ivour  the  same  interests.  Nel- 
son remonstrated:  *^  CMd  Generals  (said  the  Governor),  are  not 
in  the  habit  of  taking  advice  iiom  young  gentlemen."  '*  I  have 
the  hoQoar,  Sir  (replied  NehK>n,  indignantly),  of  being  as  old  9$ 
the  Ptime  Minister  of  finglaod,  and  think  myself  as  capable  of 
commanding  one  of  his  Majesty's  ships,  as  that  ncinister  is  of  |^o« 
venisag  the  state/* 

In  defiance  of  the  opposition  from  such  a  ^larter,  so  unexpected 
and  embarrassing.  Captain  Nelson  ordered  all  Amencan  vessels 
to  quit  the  islands  in  forty-eight  hours. 

**  Here  (say  his  biographers  very  josdy),  we  discern  the  first 
appearance  of  that  intuition,  that  promptness  of  decisiofi,  and  ft* 
Uance  on  himself  which  eventually  raised  our  noble  countryoMia 
lo  the  enunence  he  so  deservedly  attained.  We  shall  fre^ently 
observe  his  mind  in  the  subsequent  peniods  of  his  e^wnlful  lilb» 
subduing  equal  or  superior  difficulties  by  the  union  4if  those  gMat 
endowments  which  genius  seldom  unites  in  so  eminent  a  degree* 
Sy  these  means  Nelson  detected  erron  in  the  commercial  jfarisdic* 
tion  of  the  West-Indies,  which  had  hitheito  escaped  the  notioe  of 
fovemment."  With  the  public  interest  thus  in  view,  he  nevfsr 
thought  of  penoaal  consequences  j  and  with  an  intelligetioe^ 
spirit,  and  energy,  alnoost  peculiar  to  himself,  be  checked  the 
mischievous  practices  alluded  to,  by  repeated  seiaoros,  at  the  risk 
«f  damages  and  eaqienaes  that  might  have  involved  http  in  raku 
ilb  jodgmeiA,  however,  proved  to  be  equal  to  bis  seal ! 

On  the  arrival  of  the  Boreas  at  Nevis,  1785,  he  iouaA  ^fonr 
vcasds,  deeply  laden,  with  the  island  colotrs  fiyingv  As  ihejr 
were  known  to  be  Americans,  he  ordered  them  to  be  vbileds  and^ 
^fter  due  examination,  proceeded  against  in  the  Admirflrtty  opurtj 
avliere,  by  his  own  able  pleadings,  in  oppositipo  lp  ^  powarfol  da* 
fence  of  the  lawyers,  they  were  condemned  as  legal  prizes  to  the 
Bpreas.  Bat  actions  fer  dami^^,  laid  at  the  enorrooos  sum  of 
40,0001.  were  brought  against  him^  which  necessitated  him  t* 


«M  PEER46E  OP  ENGLAND. 

ooofiDe  hiiittelf  to  his  cabin  for  maoy  weeks,  Smdays  •xoeptodp 
tbe  Marshal  freqoe&tly  ooming  on  board  to  arrest  him :  howerer^ 
Mr.  Wallis,  the  6rst  lieotenant,  was  always  able  by  fair  words, 
to  dttde  his  vigilaDce.  When  the  trial  came  oo.  Captain  Nelson 
was  protected  by  the  Judge  for  the  day:  the  PresideDt  of  Nevis 
offered  in  court  to  become  his  bail  for  10,0001.  if  he  chose  to  snfier 
the  arrest :  he  told  him  he  had  only  done  his  du^,  and  although 
be  himsiplf  suffered  more  than  any  of  them,  he  could  not  blame 
h'un. 

He  thought  he  had  convinced  the  Admiral  of  tbe  true  con-*. 
Struction  of  the  Navigation  Act;  but  after  a  time,  an  order  came 
from  the  Admiral,  saying,  he  had  received  good  advice,  and  re? 
quiring  b.im  to  give  free  egress  and  regress  to  the  Americans. 
**  It  was  a  delicate  business  (says  Nelson),  I  must  dther  disobey^ 
my  orders,  or  disobey  acts  of  parliament  ^  i  determined  upon  tbe 
former,  trusting  to  the  uprightness  of  my  intentions;  and  believed 
that  my  country  w.ould  not  allow  me  to  hp  ruined  by  protecting 
her  commerce.*' 

Afterwards,  "  The  Treasury  (adds  Nelson),  transmitted  thanks 
to  Sir  Richard  Hughes,  and  the  officers  under  him,  for  their  acti- 
vity and  zeal  it&  protecting  the  commerce  of  Great  Britain.  I  HbA 
much  hurt,  that  after  the  loss  of  health  and  risk  of  fortune,  aa* 
other  should  be  thanked  for  what  I  did,  and  against  his  orders.  I 
either  deserved  to  be  sent  out  of  the  service,  or  at  least  to  have 
had  some  little  notice  taken  of  what  I  had  done :  they  have  thought 
it  worthy  of  notice,  and  yet  have  neglected  me.  But  I  have  dono 
my  duty,  I  have  nothing  to  accuse  myself  of." 

It  was  in  the  Summer  or  Autumn  of  1785,  that  Captain  Nelson 
first  became  acquainted  with  his  future  wife,  Mrs.  Nisbet,  widow 
pf  Dr.  Nisbet,  physician  to  tbe  island  of  Nevis,  daughter  of  Mr. 
Woolward,  and  niece  of  Mr. Herbert,  the  generous  President  pf  Ne* 
vis,  already  mentioned.  $he  bad  not  then  attained  her  eighteenth 
year.  A  friend  of  her's  mentioned  him  to  her  about  six  months 
before,  as  one,  '*  whose  real  character,  during  a  first  visit,  she 
found  it  impossible  to  make  out;  there  was  such  a  reserve  and 
•aternness  in  his  behaviour,  with  occasional  sallies,  though  very 
.transient,  of  a  superior  mind."  ^ 

,    Thus  passed  the  years  1785  and  1766«.    Never  relaxing  in  his 
.exertions  for  the  public,  he  furnished,  by  his  correspondence  with 

k  Wh4  I  pjctufc  of  genius  1  Oae  would  alicost  think  she  ,was  dctcribtng  a 


SARLNSLSON,  m 

it»  Secfttaxj  of  Sute>  the  raggesdoDf  aod  regnhtloiis  on  which 
was  foooded  the  Register  Act,  26  George  HI.  c.  60, 

When  Nelton  was  confioed  to  his  ship  by  the  shameful  prose- 
cution akeady  inentioDed,  one  of  his  indignant  officers  happened 
in  Gonvemtion  to  nse  the  word  ''  Pity.*'  "  Pity  (exclaimed  Nel<» 
son),  did  you  say  ^  I  shall  Jive,  Sir^  to  be  envied;  and  to  that  point 
i  shall  always  direct  my  course  P* 

About  July  1786  <2Bt.  28),  Admiral  Sir  Richard  Hughes  being 
recalled,  was  directed  to  deliver  up  his  command  to  Captaiu  NeU 
son,  who  was  the  senior  officer  left  on  the  station.  He  now  turned 
his  mind  towards  correcting  the  abuses  in  the  dookyasd  at  An* 
tigua,  &c. 

In  the  progress  of  this  great  oatiooal  service,  he  was,  in  No- 
vember 1786,  joined  and  supported  by  H.R.  H.  Prince  WiHiam* 
Henry,  Captain  of  the  Pegasus.  From  this  time,  to  the  Spring  of 
1787«  when  the  Prince  went  down  to  Jamaica,  his  Aoyal  Highness 
and  Captain  Nelson  dined  alteraateLy  with  each  other.  It  was 
this  aera,  as  his,  Royal  Highness  acknowledges,  that  first  formed 
his  character  as  a  naval  officer,  and  was  employed  in  a  manner 
highly  gratifying  to  his  feelmgs.  *'  It  was  then  (adds  the  Prince), 
that  I  particularly  observed  the  greatness  of  Nelson's  superior 
mind." 

On  the  1 1th  of  March,  1 787,  Captain  Nelsop,  married  at  Nevis, 
the  Lady  already  mentioned. 

In  June  1787,  the  Boreas  sailed  for  England;  and  Captain 
Nelson  reached  Portsmouth  the  beginning  of  July.  The  grossest 
calunnies  had  sedulously  been  encouraged  against  him  by  the 
horde  of  planderers,  whose  strong  holds  he  had  stormed:  and  to 
such  a  height  did  a  prejudice  in  consequence  arise  against  bim, 
that  the  mind  of  one  of  his  most  esteemed  patrons  was  for  a  long 
lime  poisoned  and  estranged.  So  extensive  was  the  fatal  influence 
of  that  infamous  peculation,  which  these  patriots  bad  equally  op* 
posed.  Nor  did  the  indignant  Captain  of  the  Boreas  entirely 
subdue  this  prejudice,  which  had  even  extended  to  the  Board  of 
Admiralty,  until  many  years  had  elapsed*  and  he  had  experienced 
much  uneasiness,  for  what  he  at  times  too  hastily  thought  the  in- 
gratitude of  his  country. 

It  has  been,  with  good  reason,  attributed  to  these  icajases,  that 
the  Boreas  was  kept  at  the  Nore  from  August  to  jthe  30th  of  No- 
vember, actually  serving  as  a  slop  and  mceiving  sbip!!l  The 
gallant  Commander  "  was  so  dissatisfied  (says  a  frleod),  with  the 
ill  usage  he  had  rec^ved,  that  I  am  icertain,  had  he  posiessed  the 


St»  PEERAGE  OF  ^NGLANO, 

meam  of  IMxkg  in^ependeady  on  ahoit^  be  wovid  now  hn($ 
gone  to  sea  agaik)."  On  the  nipmiog^  when  orden  Were  rBcehre4 
to  pay  the  Boreas  off,  f'  I  sow  reji^ipe  (said  he)*  at  the  Boreas  be-> 
'  log  ordered  to  be  paid  off,  whipb  will  release  me  for  ever  from  aii 
uDgratefol  service;  as  it  is  my  firm  and  iiDalterable  determioattoDt 
ftever  again  to  set  my  foot  on  hoard  a  King's  ship,  immediately 
after  my  arrival  in  town^  I  ^hall  wait  on  the  First  Lord  of  thd 
Admiralty,  and  resign  my  commission.**  This  was  prevented^  by 
a  private  intimation  from  a  friend  to  Lord  Howe,  wlio  wrote  him 
i  kind  letter,  desiring  to  see  him  on  his  amval  in  town.  He 
widted  on  Lord  Howe,  who  presented  him  to  his  Sovei^igii;  and 
his  gracious  reception  renewpd  his  former  ambitions. 
-  He  now  communicated  to  Mr.  Rose,  Sir  Charles  Middleton, 
and  Mr.  Pitt,  the  result  of  his  very  important  experience  regard? 
lag  tt)e  mismanagement  and  peculations  abroad^  already  men- 
tioned.  His  extraordmary  accnracy,  and  extent  of  knowledge 
filled  Mr.  Rose  with  surprize  and  admiration.  Theses  occopatioDf 
ifUed  up  the  Autumn  of  1787,  in  the  metropolis  and  its  neigh- 
bourhood. 

On  December  26th,  he  went  to  Bath  for  his  healthy  and  stayed 
there  till  April  1788,  when  he  visited  Exmoutb. 

In  July  1788,  he  went  down  to  the  parspnage  at  Bumham- 
Thorpe,  in  Norfolk,  to  pay  his  father  a  visit.  But  by  the  father's 
entreaty  the  plan  was  soon  altered;  and  Captain  and  Mrs.  Nelsoq 
became  his  constant  guests,  and  the  latter  his  nurSe  and  oom^ 
jianioo. 

He  had  now  completed  his  thirtieth  year.  "  It  »  extrenely 
Interesting  to  contemplate  tbis  great  man,  wheo  thos  remotod 
from  the  busy  scenes  in  which  he  had  borne  so  distinguished  m 
part,  to  the  remote  village  of  Bnrnham  Thorpe.  His  mind, 
though  so  entirely  takep  from  its  proper  element  iind  sphere  of 
action,  could  pot  remain  uooccopied.  He  was  soon  thcrefone 
Engaged,  and  with  considerable  zeal,  in  cultivating  his  father's 
garden,  and  in  learning  to  farm  the  adjoining  glebe  $  but  the  for*  , 
mer  was  his  principal  station:  he  would  there  often  spend  the 
greater  part  of  the  day,  and  dig,  as  it  were,  for  the  sake  of  being 
wearied.  At  others,  he  would  renew  the  early  pstime  of  hii 
childhood,  and  with  a  fl;implicity  that  was  peculiar  to  him,  when 
bis  mind  was  not  employed  on  the  great  objects  of  professional 
duty,  would  spend  the  greater  part  of  the  day  amidst  the  woods^ 
in  taking  the  eg^s  of  different  birds;  which,  as  he  obtamed,  he 
'guve  to  Mrs.  Nelson,  who,  at  ]>is  express  desire,  always  attended 


EARL  kelson;  s6g 

%um.  Ht  toiD^iinei  ftlso  employed  his  time,  when  his  eyes 
jivovikl  admit  of  it,  in  reading;  enci  particularly  such  periodical 
•works  of  the  day  as  he  could  procure;  but  oftener  in  studying  a 
variety  of  charts,  and  in  writing,  or  drawing  plans.  His  great 
object  was  to  be  employed;  and  though  the  expenses  of  a  ship  In 
time  of  peaoe^  sometimes  induced  him  to  suppress  his  enterprising 
and  sanguine  mind,  he  could  not  abate  its  energy/* ' 

His  chief  desire  at  this  time  was  to  possess  a  pony.  He  went 
to  a  fair  to  buy  ooe,  which  he  brought  home  in  great  triumph. 
When  the  first  glee  of  this  acquisition  was  abated^  it  t)ecame  ne- 
cessary to  inform  him,  that  in  his  absence  a  notification  of  da- 
mages, on  the  part  of  the  American  captains,  to  the  amount  of 
30,0001.  had  been  left  with  Mrs.  Nelson.  They  who  best  know 
the  irritable  mind  of  Nelson,  and  the  paroxysms  which  it  some* 
times  displayed,  may  best  imagine  his  sensations  at  that  moment, 
"  This  artVont  (exclaimed  he),  I  did  not  deserve 5  but  if  Gwern^ 
inent  will  not  support  me,  I  am  resolved  to  leave  the  country .*' 
He  took  his  rcsolutioi^  pccordingly;  but  the  Treasury  promised  to 
support  him^  and  he  abandoned  it. 

During  IJSg,  his  «eal  continued  to  be  directed  to  the  intricate 
and  important  subject  of  these  malversations  5  and  the  dev elope- 
ment of  this  scene  pf  peculation  was  considerably  advanced  in  the 
Summer  of  that  year.  "  His  representations  (says  Mr.  Rose), 
were  all  attended  to;  and  every  step  which  he  recommended  was 
adopted." 

In  1790,  when  the  conduct  of  the  Spaniards  at  Nootka  Sound 
fteemed  to  threaten  a  war,  he  made  every  efibrt  to  obtain  a  ship 
in  vain.    He  felt  deeply  the  disappointment,  and  the  slight. 

In  the  course  of  the  years  1791  and  1792,  he  renewed  his 
earnest  applications  to  the  Admiralty,  that  he  might  not  be  suf- 
fered to  rust  in  indolence;  until  at  last,  finding  every  attempt  in-^ 
^ectual,  he  begafi  to  giye  up  all  hope  of  ever  again  being  em- 
ployed. But,  as  late  as  the  5th  of  December,  \7y2,  he  wrote  to 
the  Board,  *'  if  their  Lordships  should  be  pleased  to  Appoint  me 
to  a  cockle  boat,  I  shall  be  grateful." 

"  Such  (to  use  again  the  excellent  words  of  his  biographers),  • 

was  the'state  of  mind,  and  such  the  expectations  of  Nelson,  be- 
fore the  commencement  of  hostilities  wiih  France.  Until  that 
period,  his  glory  snffered  a  partia^  eclipse^  but  its  subsequent 
brightpeis  became  more  uniform  and  splendid.    During  this  ih^ 

1  plarke  tnd  M'Arthav. 


57P  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

4«nral  of  dioppointifi^iit  and  mortificatioilj  fait  ktent  ymkm^n 
wou!d  at  times  burst  forth,  and  despise  all  restraiot.  At  othen, 
a  sudden  melancholy  seemed  to  overshadow  his  noble  facQltiea, 
and  to  affect  his  temper:  at  these  moments,  nothing  bnt  the  re- 
monstrances of  his  wife  and  venerable  father  could  calm  the  tern* 
{)est  of  his  passions.  He  would  then  patiently  resume  his  wonted 
occupations  as  a  farmer;  and  thus,  like  other  heroes,  endeavour 
by  agricnltural  pursuits,  to  find  an  object  of  employment  for  that 
energy  which  he  could  not  subdue.  What  a  change  did  a  few 
years  make  in  this  humble,  and  apparently  forgotten  tenant  of  the 
parsonage  of  Bumham-Thorpei  Let  the  anxious,  and  too  irritable 
disposition  of  naval  officers,  therefore,  learn  from  the  subsequent 
achievements  of  this  illustrious  seaman,  never  to  despair  j  for,  as 
the  Wise  Man  said, "  To  every  thing  there  is  a  season,  and  a*time 
to  every  purpose  under  the  Heaven.** 

N/slson  was  now  in  his  thirty-fifth  year;  tho  eventful  year^ 
1793,  commenced  by  the  war  with  France;  and  with  it  came 
the  fulfilment  of  his  long-protracted  hopes.  On  January  30lh, 
through  the  interest  of  the  Duke  of  Clarence  and  Lord  Hood,  he 
was  appointed  to  the  A^amemnonp  of  sixty-four  guns.  He  got  oo 
board  February  7<th,  and  arrived  at  Spithead,  April  9th.  Thence 
he  sailed,  with  other  ships,  for  Cadiz,  and  arrived  at  Gibraltar 
June  23d.  From  hence  he  sailed  under  Lord  Hood,  whose  fleet 
amounted  to  nineteen  sail  of  the  line,  off  Toulon ;  of  which 
harbour  Lord  Hood  took  possession  on  August  29th.  Three  days 
before,  the  Agamemnon  was  ordered  to  Naples  with  dispatches 
for  Sir  William  Hamilton.  And  here  commenced  his  first  ac- 
quaintance and  friendship  with  Sir  William  and  Lady  Hamilton, 
ivbich  had  afterwards  such  a  powerfiil  influence,  both  on  his  pro- 
fessional  and  private  life.  He  returned  to  Toulon,  October  5th* 
On  October  22d,  he  fell  in  with  four  French  frigates  ofl*  the  island 
of  Sardinia,  which  he  beat  off.  In  December,  Toulon  was  eva- 
cuated. 

During  the  possession  of  Toulon,  a  scheme  had  been  in  agita* 
tion,  in  concurrence  with  General  Paoli,  to  drive  the  French  from 
Corsica.  In  the  mean  time.  Captain  Nelson  was  kept  cruising 
otf  Corsica,  with  a  small  squadron,  to  prevent  the  French  from 
receiving  supplies.  On  January  6th,  179^^  he  was  ofl"  Cslvi ;  and 
^oon  after,  the  British  troops,  under  Lieut.«General  Dundas,  yL-eie 
landed.  The  bay  and  town  of  St.  Fiorenzo  fell  into  our  p06ses»> 
sion  en  February  l/lh.  The  French  having  retreated  to  Bastia, 
tlie  reduction  of  that  capital  was  immediately  resolved  on  by  Lord 


EARL  NELSON.  Sfi 

Kood,  who  sobmitted  bis  plan  to  General  Dandas  for  bis  oo-ope« 

ration.  Tbe  General  declined  it^  as  being  impracticable  and 
rmotiSTj,  witfaout  a  reinforcement  of  2000  troops^  wbicb  be  ex- 
pected from  Gibraltar.  Lord  Hood  therefore  resolved  to  reduoo 
Bastia  witb  the  naval  force  entrusted  to  bis  command. 

On  March  27 th^  Captain  Nelson  having  now  acquired  tbe  titlo 
of  Brigadier  from  tbe  army,  prepared  to  execute  the  plans  which 
be  had  arranged  with  his  Admiral.  *'  We  are  now  to  behold  hm 
uniting  the  talents,  both  of  a  naval  and  military  ofiicerj  and  ac4 
complisbing,  under  the  orders  of  his  noble  Admiral,  what  bad, 
been  deemed  utterly  visionary  and  impracticable/* 

**  On  April  4th,  I79^j  the  little  army  landed  three  miles  to  the 
northward  of  Bastia,  under  the  command  of  Lieutr-Colonel  Vil* 
lettes,  and  Captain  H<H:atio  Nelson  3  who  had  under  him,  Captaina 
Hunt,  Serocold,  and  Bullen.  On  May  22d,  Bastia  capitulated. 
The  24th  at  day->light,.  exhibited  the  most  glorious  sight  tba(  an 
Englishman  can  experience 3  four  thousand  five  hundred  men^ 
laying  down  their  arms  to  less  thap  one  thousand  British  soldien^ 
who  were  serving  as  marines.*' 

This  was  followed  by  the  siege  of  Calvi,  under  Lieut.-General 
Charles  Stuart,  which  took  place  in  June.  On  the  i2th.  Nelson 
anchored  off  Bastia,  for  co-operation.  On  ihe  2lst»  Lord  Hood 
sent  fifty  more  men  from  the  Victory,  *'  under  tbe  command 
<8ay8  his  Lordship),  of  Captain  Hallowell,  who  is  accompanied 
by  Captain  Serocold,  both  very  able,  willing,  and  zealous  officers,* 
from  whom  you  will  receive  much  assistance.  During  this  whole 
■operation  Nelson  commanded  on  sbore,  with  an  energy,  bermsm, 
.and  skill  unexampled.  On  July  12th,  Captain  Nelson  was  sa 
bruised  in  the  face  and  eyes,  by  sand  from  the  works,  struck  bjr 
.shot,  that  it  proved  eventually  the  loss  of  his  right  eye.  On  Au« 
gust  4th,  he  writes  to  his  wife^  ''  This  day  I  have  beep  four 
jnonths  landed>  except  a  few  days,  when  we  were  after,  the  French 

M  CaptaiA  Hallowell  is  sdll  well  known  as  one  of  the  most  intelligent,  activp, 
experienced,  and  gallant  oEicers  in  the  seivice }  aiy)  now  eommands  L$  Tign, 
oS  Toulon.  His  splendid  success  oS  the  3ay  of  Rosas,  in  the  Autumn  oi  1 8o^> 
is  recent  in  every  one's  memory.  Capuin  SerocoU  fell  by  the  side  of  Nelson  and 
Hallowell,  at  Calvi,  on  Jaly  7th. 

On  July  20th,  Captain  Seccombe  was  sent  with  Ally  more  men  from  each  of 

the  frigates,  to  Nelson's  assiStaQee,  besides  one  hundred  men  from  the  Victory. 

This  gallant  otficer  fell  nnder  the  heights  of  KeggtOy  where  a  sloop,  commanded 

J>j  capuin  Hand;fiekl,  was  becalmed  in  January  i8o8.    He  then  commaaded  tl^c 

Clanoo,  from  whence  he  l^ad  gone  in  hU  boat  to  Captain  Handfield*s  aid. 


^7S  P££BiUBE  OF  ENGLAND. 

fleet,  aod  I  feel  almost  qualified  to  pass  mj  examiaitioii  as  a  tt- 

sieging  general.** 

On  the  lOth^  CaM  surroDdered.  ''  Captain  Nelson  (safs  Lord 
Hood)>  bad  the  cocnmaod  of  the  seamen;  and  his  uMttmiltiBg 
xeal  and  exertion  I  cannot  sufBcientlj  describe,  nor  that  of  Ca|>* 
tain  Hallow  ELL :  they  took  it  by  tarns  to  command  in  the  ad- 
vanced battery  twenty-four  hours  at  a  time;  and  I  flatter  royself 
that  both  of  them,  as  well  as  the  other  officers  and  seamen^  will 
have  full  justice  done  them  by  the  Gcoerali  it  is  therefore  t^pae* 
cessary  for  me  to  say  any  more  on  the  subject." 

On  September  18th,  1/94,  he  received  orders  to  proceed  into 
the  Mole  of  Genoa,  with  dispatches  to  Mr.  Drake.  Thence^  on 
the  30th,  he  was  ot  (lere<t  off  Gouijean,  and  to  put  himself  under 
the  command  of  Admiral  Hotham.  On  October  24th,  he  was  off 
Leghorn.  He  joined  Admiral  Hotham  again  off  Gourjean,  No>» 
Tember3d3  thence  bo  was  dispatdied  to  look  after  the  French 
deet,  whom  he  fonnd  in  Toulon.  During  December,  he  was  a§mn 
off  Leghorn. 

In  January  and  February,  1795,  he  was  off  St.  Fiorenzo.  Ott 
February  25  th,  he  arrived  at  Leghorn  aAer  a  bad  cruise.  On 
March  6th,  the  Admiral  got  intelligence  that  the  enemy  were  at 
aea;  and  proceeded  after  them.  On  March  10th,  the  French  wem 
in  sight;  and  a  signal  was  made  for  a  general chace.  On  the  Jdth> 
the  Britbh  got  within  three  or  four  leagues  of  themj  and  the 
Agamemnon,  being  advanced  several  miles  before  the  rest,  at- 
tacked the  Ca  Iraj  of  eighty-four  guns,  and  completaly  disabled 
her;  but  she  was  taken  in  tow  by  a  fr^te,  the  Sans  Culottes,  of 
one  hnndred-and-twenty  guns,  and  Jean  Barras>  of  seventy*four 
guns,  keeping  about  gunshot  distance  on  her  weatfaerbow.  Tht 
next  day  the  engagement  was  renewed ;  and  the  Ca-Ire  and  Ceo- 
reur,  of  seventy-four  guns,  struck  to  Captain  Nelson^  At  one 
P.  M.  the  enemy  crowded  all  possible  sail  to  the  westward,  and 
sheered  off.  Captain  Nelson  lamented  that  the  victory  was  nut 
pursued.  He  called  if  a  brush  with  the  French  fleet;  a  battle  it 
cannot  be  called ;  as  the  enemy  would  not  give  us  an  opportnoity 
of  closing  with  them."  In  short>  he  was  disappointed.  **  I  wish 
(said  h^:),  to  be  an  Admiral,  and  in  the  command  of  the  English 
fleet  i  I  bhould  very  soon  either  do  much>  or  be  ruined.  My  dis- 
position cannot  bear  tame  and  slow  measures.  Sore  1  am^  had  I 
commanded  our  fleet  on  the  14th,  that  either  the  whole  French 
fleet  f'ould  ha\T  graced  my  triumph^  or  I  should  have  been  in  • 


BARL  NELSON.  573 

MtnlbttBded  scrape.    Had  we  taken  ten  sail,  and  bad  allowed 
tbe  eleventh  to  escape,  I  could  never  have  called  it  well  done.*' 

In  April  and  May,  Captain  Nelson  was  off  Leghorn.  On  May 
•itb,  he  writes  to  Captain  Locker^  ''  I  flatter  myself,  if  the  pro- 
motion of  flags  conies  very  low,  I  shall  stand  a  fair  chance  for  the 
marines,  if  services  in  this  war  may  be  allowed  a  claim.  One 
hundred  and  ten  di^s  I  have  been  actually  engaged,  at  sea  and 
on  shore,  against  the  enemy  $  three  actions  against  ships;  two 
•gainst  Bastia,  in  my  ship^  four  boat  actions,  and  two  villages 
taken;  and  twelve  sail  of  vessels  burnt.  I  do  not  know  that  any 
one  haa  done  more.  I  have  had  the  comfort  to  be  always  ap- 
pboded  by  my  commanders  in  chief,  but  never  to  be  rewarded; 
and,  what  is  more  mortifying,  for  service  in  which  I  have  been 
slightly  wounded,  others  have  been  praised  who  were  actually  in 
bed,  far  firom  the  scene  of  action." 

On  May  8th,  the  fleet  sailed  from  Leghorn,  and  cruised  in 
anxious  expectation  of  a  reinforcement  from  England.  On  JuTy 
1st,  he  was  off  St.  Fiorenzo. 

At  length  Nelson's  services  began  to  attract  the  gratitude  of 
GovemBQcnt;  and  on  the  flag>promotion,  he  was  promoted  on 
Jane  6th,  to  the  Colonelcy  of  Marines,  which  he  bad  some  time 
been  looking  to.  The  intelligence  was  conveyed  to  him  in  n  letter 
fron  his  father.** 

On  July  4th,  Captain  Nelson  was  detached  from  St.  Fiorenzo^ 
with  a  small  squadron  of  frigates  to  co-operate  with  the  Austrian 
Genera],  l>e  Vlns,  in  driving  the  French  out  of  the  Riviera  of 
Genoa.  On  the  6th,  he  fell  in  with  the  French  fleet,  and  was 
phased  back.  Admiral  Hotham,  with  twenty- three  sail,  gpt  out 
pn  tbe  8th;  came  in  sight  of  them  off  the  Hieres  islands  on  the 
13th;  made  signal  for  a  general  chace;  got  within  gunshot  of 
tbe  enemy,  and  the  aetion  commenced;  but  from  the  baffling 
winds  and  vexatious  calms,  only  a  few  of  the  van  could  get  up 
with  the  enemy's  rear;  and  the  Agamemnon  and  Cumberland 
were  closing  with  an  eighty-gun  ship,  with  a  flag,  the  Berwick, 
and  Henrcux,  when  Admiral  Hotham  called  them  out  of  action; 
and  tbe  French  took  the  opportunity  of  getting  away  into  the 
Gcdf  of  Frejus. 

After  this  event.  Nelson  was  sent  again  on  the  service  which 
bad  thns  been  intermptcd.    He  ariived  at  Genoa  on  July  l/th, 

•  The  Hon.  Thomas  P«ke^bam,  104  the  (loji.  Ceorge  Berkeley,  were  ip-, 
p^iatei  at  the  aapit  time. 


574  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND 

whence  he  reached  Vado  Bay  <m  the  2lst.  *'  I  bayc  eight  sail  of 
frigates  under  my  command  (said  he  to  Mrs.  Ndsod);  the  service 
I  have  to  perform  is  important;  and  as  t  informed  you  a  few  days 
ago  from  Genoa,  J  am  acting  not  only  withoat  (he  orders  of  my 
Commander  in  Chief,  but  in  some  measure  coDtrary  to  them. 
However,  I  have  not  only  the  support  of  his  Majesty*s  ministefv, 
both  at  Turin  and  Genoa,  but  a  consdonsness,  that  I  am  doing 
what  is  right  and  proper  for  the  service  of  oilr  King  and  coantry : 
political  courage  in  an  officer  abroad,  is  as  highly  necessary  aa 
military  courage/*  But  he  already  sighed  for  rest.  "  A  little 
&rui  (said  lu ),  aud  my  good  name, form  all  my  wants  and  wishes.** 
Sir  Gilt>ert  Elliott  wrote  to  him  in  August;  ''  I  consider  the  ba« 
siness  you  are  about,  the  expulsion  of  the  enemy  from  the  GSenoese 
and  Piedmontese  territories,  as  the  most  important  feature  in  the 
southern  campaign."  On  September  15th,  Nelson  expresses  him- 
self thus:  "  I  am  not  so  well  pleased  as  I  expected,  with  this 
(the  Austrian)  army,  which  is  slow  beyond  all  description ;  and  I 
begin  to  think  that  the  Emperor  is  anxious  to  touch  another  fonf 
millions  of  English  money.  As  for  the  German  generals,  war  is 
their  trade,  and  peace  is  ruin  to  them;  therefore  we  cannot  expect 
they  should  have  any  wish  to  finish  the  war." 

The  various  and  important  services  which  Nelson  performed 
with  his  little  squadron,  formed  a  striking  contrast  ^th  the  stow 
and  unprofitable  operations  of  the  powerful  Austrian  army,  that 
was  to  have  co-operated  with  him.  In  November,  Admiral  Sir 
Ryde  Parker  succeeded  Admiral  Hotham,  as  Commander  in 
Chief. 

"  Towards  the  end  of  the  year  1795  (set.  38),  Captain  Nelson 
recdved  an  order  to  put  himself  under  the  command  of  Sir  John 
Jervis,  K.  B.  dated  on  board  the  Lively,  in  Gibraltar  Bay,  No« 
vomber  19th.  Th^  only  acquaintance  which  the  Captain  of  the 
Agamemnon  had  with  this  officer,  was  in  having  been  introduced 
to  him  by  Captain  Locker,  for  whom  the  Admiral  entertained  the 
l)ighest  regard.  Without  presuming  to  discuss  the  merit  or'de^- 
merit  of  this  great  naval  commander,  it  is  necessary  here  to 
remark,  that  Nelson  found  in  Sir  John  Jervis  a  mind  perfectly 
congenial  with  his  own  -,  active,  enterprising,  and  deternuned  to 
pursue  against  all  obstacles,  whatever  experience,  or  the  parsing 
events  of  the  day,  pointed  out  as  his  professional  or  political  doty. 
With  the  reputation  which  he  had  gained  in  the  various  grada« 
tions  of  the  service,  was  united  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  po» 
fitics  cf  the  British  empire,  and  of  Europe;  and  a  keen  discrimi- 


EARL  NELSON.  57$ 

natloa  of  the  real  character  and  abilities  of  those  officers  who 
fenred  under  him.  Naturally  of  an  ambitious  disposition,  and 
professionallj  a  strict  disciplinarian,  he  despised  the  trammels^ 
and  sometimes  perhaps  forgot  the  feelings  which  repress  common 
minds;  and  being  determined  strictly  to  execute  the  important 
duties  that  were  intrusted  to  him,  be  resolved  that  erery  person  in 
the  fleet  shonld  rigidly  do  the  same.  Such,  in  brief,  was  the  of- 
ficer who  now  superseded  Vice- Admiral  Sir  Hyde  Parker,  Com- 
knander  in  Chief  in  the  Mediterranean  for  the  time  being,  after 
Admiral  Hothara  had  struck  his  flag,  and  returned  to  England/' 
The  ingratitude  of  the  allies  of  Great  Britain,  to  the  utter 
ruin  of  themselves,  and  the  subsequent  overthrow  of  the  political 
balance  of  Europe,  was  rendered  still  more  remarkable,  by  being 
directed  against  the  established  fame  of  Captain  Nelson,  and  that 
of  the  officers  who  serve4  with  him.  A  greater  instance  of  the 
idegradation  of  the  European  states  cannot  easily  be  reserved  for 
posterity.  Notwithstanding  all  that  the  resolute  Captain  of  the 
Agamemnon  had  performed,  his  acknowledged  integrity,  his  per- 
severance, which  neither  the  indolence,  nor  the  half  measures  of 
others  could  abate;  they  fabricated  a  malicious  falsehood  reflecting 
on  that  integrity;  and  having  poisoned  the  mind  of  the  good  old 
King  of  Sardinia,  endeavoured  to  abate  the  confidence  which  his 
own  Government  began  to  place  in  his  services.  An  official 
communication  from  Mr.  Drake,  gave  Captain  Nelson  tbe  first 
intelligence  of  their  designs :  yielding,  therefore,  to  the  impulse 
of  his  indignant  sensations,  and  conscious  of  his  uprightness,  he 
immediately  addressed  the  following  letter  to  Lord  Grcnville,  Se- 
cretary of  State  for  Foreign  Affairs 3  dated  Agamemnon,  Gtnoa 
Road,  November  23d,  1795.  *'  My  Lord,  Having  received,  from 
Mr.  Drake,  a  copy  of  your  Lordship's  letter  to  him  in  October, 
enclosing  a  paper,  highly  reflecting  on  the  honour  of  ,my»frlf,  and 
Others  of  his  Majesty's  officers  employed  on  this  coast  under  my 
orders,  it  well  becomes  me,  as  far  as  in  ray  power  Ires,  to  wipe 
away  this  ignominious  stain  in  our  characters.  I  do,  therefore, 
in  behalf  of  myself,  and  much  injured  brethren,  demand,  that  the 
person,  whoever  he  may  be,  that  wr'ote,  or  gave  that  paper  tq 
your  Lordship,  should  fully,  and  expressly,  bring  home  his  charge; 
V^hich,  as  he  states,  that  this  agreement  is  made  by  numbers  of 
people  on  both  sides,  there  can  be  no  difficulty  in  doing.  \Vq 
dare  him,  my  I-ord,  to  the  proof.  If  he  cannot,  I  do  humbly  im- 
plore, that  his  Majesty  will  be  most  graciously  pleased  to  direct 
bis  Attorney-General  to  prosecute  this  infamous  libeller  in  his 


576  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND 

l^Iajrs(j*9  conrts  of  law;  and  I  likewise  fed«  that,  withant  im-^ 
propriety^  I  niay^  in  behalf  of  my  brotber  officers^  demaod  the 
sopport  of  his  Majesty's  ministers :  for  as,  if  true.,  no  panishiBeDt 
can  be  too  great  for  the  traitors;  so^  if  false,  none  can  be  too 
heavy  for  the  vill^iin,  who  has  dared  to  allow  his  pen  to  write 
snch  a  paper.  Perhaps  I  ought  to  close  my  letter  here;  hot  I  feel 
too  much  to  rest  easy  for  a  moment,  when  the  honour  oi  the 
navy,  and  oar  coaotry,  is  struck  at  through  us;  for  if  ten  Cap* 
tains,  whom  chance  has  thrown  together,  can  instantly  join  in 
each  a  traitorous  measure,  it  is  fair  to  conclude  we  are  all  bad. 

*'  As  this  traitorous  agreement  could  not  be  carried  on  bn^  bj 
concert  of  all  the  Captains,  if  they  were  in  the  stations  allotted 
them,  and,  as  they  could  only  be  drawn  from  those  stations  bjr 
orders  from  me,  I  do  most  fully  acquit  all  my  brother  Captains 
from  such  a  combination ;  and  have  to  request,  that  I  may  be 
considered  as  the  only  responsible  person  for  what  is  done  under 
my  command,  if  I  approve  of  the  conduct  of  those  under  my  or- 
ders, which  in  this  most  public  manner  I  beg  leave  to  do;  for 
officers  more  alert,  and  more  anxious  for  the  good,  and  honour  of 
their  King  and  country,  can  scarcely  ever  fall  to  the  lot  of  any 
commanding  officer;  their  names  °  I  place  at  the  end  of  thb  letter. 
For  myself,  from  my  earliest  youth  I  have  been  in  the  naval  ser- 
vice; and  in  two  wars  have  been  been  in  more  than  one  hundred 
and  forty  skirmishes  and  battles,  at  sea  and  on  shore;  have  lost 
an  eye,  and  have  often  bled  in  fighting  the  enemies  of  my  King 
and  country;  and  God  knows,  instead  of  riches,  my  little  fortune 
has  been  diminished  in  the  service :  but  I  shall  not  trouble  yoo^ 
Lordship  further  at  present,  than  just  to  say,  that  at  the  close  of 
this  campaign,  where  I  have  bad  the  pleasure  to  receive  the  ap* 
probation  of  the  Generals  of  the  allied  powers;  of  his  excellencj 
Mr.  Drake,  who  has  been  always  on  the  spot;  of  Mr.  Trevor,  wh9 
has  been  at  a  distance;  when  I  expected  and  hoped^  from  the 
representations  of  his  Majesty's  ministers,  that  his  Majesty  would 
have  most  graciously  condescended  to  have  favourably  noticed  my 
earnest  desire  to  serve  him,  instead  of  all  my  fancied  approbation, 
to  receive  an  accusation  of  a  most  traitorous  nature,  it  has  almost 
been  too  much  for  me  to  bear.  Conscious  innocence,  I  hope,  will 
support  me/' 

•  Capuirs  Freemamle,  Hope»  Cockburn,  Hon.  C.  £lphiastQae«  Sbiel^^ 
Mj^^coo*  PUoipio^  Brisbane,  T.  Elphiastonf,  M'Namart. 


EARL  NELSON.  577 

As  the  saliject  of  this  letter  was  of  so  delicate  and  extraordiaary 
a  nature^  it  was  deemed  expedient^  previous  to  its  meeting  the 
public  eye,  that  it  should  be  laid  before  the  Hon*  Mr.  Trevor;? 
amd  the  following  is  the  answer  which  he  transmitted.  ''  I  re- 
hird  you.  thei  energetic  letter  of  my  late  noble  friend;  it  was 
ao  doubt  addressed  to  Lord  Grenville,  from  whom  the  letter  aU 
loded  to  must  have  been  officially  sent  to  Mr.  Drake.  A  scanda^ 
lbu8  and  calumniating  suspicion  prevailed  at  that  time  amongst 
the  allies,  that  there  existed  a  Trriminal  connivance  between  the 
British  cruisers  in  the  Mediterranean,  and  the  coasting  vessels  of 
the  enfemy,  whereby  they  were  permitted  to  land  their  cargoes  fo^ 
the  supply  of  the  French  army  in  the  Riviera  of  Genoa. 

''  The  fact  wa^  that  the  French  army  was  most  provokingly 
Aipplied  by  sea,  notwithstanding  the  British  ships  who  were  sta* 
tioned  off  the  coast ;  but  it  was  by  no  means  for  want  of  ever^r 
Exertion  on  their  part,  much  less  hom  treachery.  Without  con- 
descending to  repel  an  accusation,  as  groundless  as  it  was  inju* 
H:oas,  the  thing  spoke  for  itself  upon  a  moment's  reflection :  for 
neither  wt,  nor  the  allies,  had  any  small  crafl  that  could  approach' 
the  shore;  whilst  the  supplies  were  smuggled  along  the  coast  by 
sight,  in  light  vessels,  in  spite  of  ev^ry  thing  which  our  frigates> 
or  sloops  of  war,  could  do  to  prevent  it.  I  was  sent  to  Milan,  to 
confer  with  the  Austrian  General  and  Admiral  Goodall,  on  this 
sntjMy  and  other  itiatterii  of  co-operation:  we  suggested  the  only 
itmedy  that  could  be  devised,  which  was  that  of  getting  som^ 
gallics  and  rOw  boats  from  Genoa  or  Civita  Vecchia. 

'*  t  never  saw  the  mjurious  paper  in  question;  from  his  igno* 
ranee  of  naval  afi&irs,  the  Austrian  Commander,  who  fdt  the 
efiects  of  the  misfortune,  without  sufficiently  attending  to  its 
cante,  easily  listened  to  the  misrepresentations  that  were  made  to 
Urn  npon  the  subject>  and  transmitted  them  to  his  court;  whence^ 
or  thrtmgh  the  medium  of  that  of  Turin^  they  reached  England. 
The  accusation  was  probably  vague  and  general;  it  does  not  ap-^ 
pear  that  any  names  were  mentioned;  the  nature  and  the  channel 
of  the  information,  did  not  admit  of  any  public  refutation  of  it  j 
and  dommodoref  Nelson's  letter,  as  well  as  MrDrake*s  answer, 
wOtild  hate  been  more  than'8\:tfficient  to  obliterate  in  a  moment^ 
atrjr  attention  that*  ctrigbt  have  been  given  to  it  by  Govern* 
metit* 

*  The  letter  was  tnnsmitted  bj  the  Viscovntess  Perceval  to  Mr.  Trevor,  and 
Ae  tobseqaent  answer,  in  expfauatioa  of  the  lobjecti  addreiied  to  her  Ladyshipt 

November  i^tb»  i$o7. 
VOL.  r.  »  F 


378  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

''  With  regard  to  the  mention  made  in  Nelson's  letter,  of  my 
approbation  of  his  conduct,  I  cannot  help  adding  a  little  on  that 
subject,  because  it  belongs  to  one  of  the  circumstances  in  my  life> 
vhich  I  recollect  with  the  greatest  pleasure.  It  was^  I  thinks  in 
1795,  that  this  great  man,  with  whom  I  had  been  in  official  corre- 
spondence, and  with  whom,  and  Mr.  Drake,  many  conferences  had 
been  held  on  board  the  Agamemnon,  and  whom  I  even  then  looked 
up  to  with  admiration,  sent  me  a  letter,  expres^ve  of  uneasiness 
and  disappointment,  that  his  ardAir  and  faithful  services  had  not 
been  more  favourably  attended  to  by  Government,  and  requesting 
me  to  furnish  him  with  a  letter  to  Ministers,  expressive  of  my 
sense  of  his  services,  as  far  as  they  had  fallen  within  the  sphere  , 
of  my  observation  or  knowledge.  I  have  often  regretted  that  this 
letter,  which  subsequent  events  have  since  made  a  curious  and 
interesting  document,  was  burnt  with  my  papers  at  Turin  j  but  1 
possess  a  copy  of  my  answer  to  it,  which  concludes  with  these 
words;  '  And  I  shall  ever  consider  it  as  the  proudest  circum* 
stance  in  my  life,  that  such  a  character,  as  Commodore  Nelson*s, 
should  have  thought  a  testimonial  of  mine  could  add  any  thing  to 
its  lustre.'  "1 

On  November  23d,  the  Austrian  army  suflFered  a  defeat,  which 
report  most  unjustly  laid  to  want  of  co-operation  on  the  part  of 
the  British  squadron.  The  Austrians,  by  all  accounts,  did  not 
stand  firm.  The  French,  half  naked,  were  determined  to  con* 
quer  or  die.  Nelson  complained,  that  he  was  left  with  only  one 
frigate  and  a  brig,  instead  of  two  seventy-fours,  and  eight  or  ten 
frigates,  or  sloops,  as  he  had  demanded.  The  consequences  of 
the  defeat  were  the  loss  of  Vado  Bay,  and  every  place  in  the  Ri« 
viera  of  Genoa. 

On  December  4th,  Nelson  says,  *'  I  am  on  my  way  to  refit 
poor  Agamemnon,  and  her  miserable  ship*s  company,  at  Leghorn. 
We  are,  indeed,  worn  out.  Except  six  days,  I  have  neVer  been 
one  hour  off  the  station." 

Sir  John  Jervls  took  the  command  of  the  fleet  on  November 
2gth,  at  St.  Fiorenzo. 

It  was  at  this  time  that  the  destroying  genius  of  Bonaparte  was 
sent  to  consummate  the  misery  of  Italy.  Having  through  the 
means  of  Barras,  and  a  marriage  with  the  Lady  he  recommended, 
obtained  the  command  of  the  French  army  there,  this  young  and 
enterprising  General  arrived  at  his  head-quarters  early  in  the  Spring 
of  1796. 

t  Clarke'*  Life,  Vol.  I.  p.  138.  z^,  2,^,  345. 


EARL  NELSON.        '  sfg 

In  Jaifnary  1796,  Captain  Nelson  was  again  detached  to  the 
Gulf  of  Geooa^  to  prevent  any  small  namber  of  men  from  making 
a  descent  in  Italy.  On  the  12th  of  February,  he  arrived  at  Leg- 
horn with  a  convoy  from  Genoa,  and  there  joined  Sir  John  Jervis 
with  hi^  whole  fleet.  In  this  month  he  was  sent  to  recoonoitie 
off  Toulon  3  on  March  2d,  he  again  arrived  at  Genoa. 

Captain  Nelson  had  the  good  fortune  immediately  to  gain  the 
full  confidence  of  Sir  John  Jervis:  nor  is  this  extraordinary;  for 
that  great  Admiral's  sagacity  is  among  his  most  prominent  cha- 
racteristics. "  There  is  nothing  within  my  grasp  (said  that  ge- 
nerous Commander),  that  I  shall  not  be  proud  to  confer  on 
you.*' 

He  now  obtained  a  broad  pendant  on  board  the  Agamemnon, 
which  gave  him  the  rank  of  Commodore. 

Ob  April  ]5th,  1706,  Commodore  Nelson  anchored  in  Genoa 
road.  Bnt  the  Austrian  General,  Field-Marshal  Beaulieu,  now 
upwards  of  seventy,  though  still  possessed  of  some  of  the  fire  o£ 
youth,  was  no  match  for  the  enterprising  spirit  of  Bonaparte, 
then  in  his  twenty-sixth  year.  The  consequence  was,  another  de- 
feat of  the  Austrians. 

Commodore  Nelson  still  continued  in  the  indefatigable  per- 
formance of  his  duty  in  Genoa  Mole,  on  May  1st.  On  May  18th, 
he  was  in  Leghorn  roads.  On  May  31st,  Nelson*s  squadron  gained 
additional  honour,  by  the  capture  of  a  valuable  convoy  of  arms, 
intrenching  tools,  and  ammunition,  which  had  been  sent  to  Bo- 
Jiaparte  for  carrying  on  the  siege  of  Mantua. 

In  June  1796,  Nelson  shifted  hi3  broad  pendant  from  the^^a« 
memnon  to  the  Capiam,  On  June  28th,  he  anchored  in  Leghorn 
roads;  on  which  day  the  French  took  possession  of  the  town. 
Nelson  now  received  orders  from  Sir  John  Jervis,  to  blockade  the 
port,  for  the  purpose  of  protecting  Corsica. 

On  July  10th,  the  troops  from  his  squadron  landed,  under  Major 
Duncan,  and  took  possession  of  Porto  Ferrajo. 

On  August  2d,  he  thus  wrote  to  his  wife:  "  Had  all  my  ac- 
tions been  gazetted,  not  one  fortnight  would  have  passed  during, 
the  whole  war,  without  a  letter  from  me:  one  day  or  other  I  will 
have  a  long  gazette  to  myself;  I  feel  that  such  an  opportunity  will 
be  given  me.  I  cannot,  if  I  am  in  the  field  of  glory,  be  kept 
oat  of  sight.  Probabtly  my  services  may  be  forgotten  by  the  great, 
by  the  time  I  get  home ;  but  my  mind  will  not  forget^  nor  cease 
to  feel  a  degree  of  consolation,  and  of  applause,  superior  to  unde- 
•enred  rewards.    Wherever  there  is  any  thing  to  be  done,  there 


680  PfeERAGfi  OF  ENOLAm). 

Providence  is  sore  to  direct  mj  stepi .  Credit  miul  be  giVen  me 
in  spite  of  envy.  Etco  the  French  respect  me." '  At  this  time 
a  letter  was  directed  to  him,  **  HoraHo  Nelson,  Genoa.*'  The 
writer^  on  being  asked  how  he  could  direct  in  such  a  manner,  an- 
swered,  *^  There  is  but  one  Horatio  Nelson  in  the  world** 

On  August  I5th,  Nelson  received  an  order,  whidi  established 
him  Commodore,  with  a  Captain  under  him.  He  was  now  on 
tiie  verge  of  completing  his  tbirty-dghth  year. 

On  29th  August,  he  had  intelligence  that  a  treaty  of  offensive 
and  defensive  alliance,  was  signed  at  Paris  on  the  5th,  between 
Ftanoe  and  Spain. 

In  September,  Nelson  was  still  off  Genoa;  and  at  this  time  the 
ports  of  that  place  were  shut  against  the  English.  On  the  next 
day,  September  14th,  the  Commodore  stood  for  Bastia.  On  th6 
18th,  the  island  of  Capraja  surrendered  to  him. 

At  length  the  evacuation  of  Corsica,  in  consequence  of  the  war 
with  Spain,  was  resolved  on;  and  intelligence  of  it  sent  to  the 
Commodore,  on  September  25th,  for  the  purpose  of  his  co-open* 
tion.  On  October  ]4tb,  the  Commodore  received  the  Viceroy 
(Sir  Gilbert  Elliot),  and  Secretary  of  State  afloat.  On  October 
l^tl^  the  General  (De  Burgh),  and  the  Coomiodore,  went  into 
the  barge;  not  one  man  being  left  on  shore. 

A  design  had  been  entertained  by  the  Ministers^  of  witbdiaw« 
ing  the  British  fleet  from  the  Mediterranean,  in  consequeoce  of 
the  expected  janction  of  the  French  and  Spanish  squadrons.  This- 
roused  the  indignant  regret  of  Nelson.  So  pusillanimoiis  a  plan 
was,  however,  soon  withdrawn. 

On  December  10th,  Nelson  reoaved  orders  to  hoist  his  broad 
pendant  on  board  the  Minerva  frigate.  Captain  Cockbnm,  and 
with  the  Blanche,  Captain  Preston,  proceed  to  Porto  Ferrajo,  to 
take  off  the  troops  and  stores  from  it,  apd  ooovey  them  to  Gib- 
raltar and  Lisbon. 

The  important  year,  1797,  at  length  commenced.  Tile  indefa*^ 
tigable  Commodore  was  now  extremely  anxious  to  return  to  Sir^ 
John  Jervisi  the  superior  strength  of  the  enemy  required  every 
addition  to  be  made  to  his  force;  find  the  possibtlity  of  being  ab- 
sent when  a  general  acdon  should  take  placcf/  uoder  such  an  Ad* 
miral,  had  long  irritated  and  depressed  his  mi&d. 

Od  January  29th,  Nelson  sailed  from  Porto  Flemjo,  And  arrived' 
at  Gibndtar  February  latb.  The  next  day  be  proceeded  to  rejoifr 

'  Clarke,  I.  3«4« 


JEAKL  NELSON.  sSi 

Ilia  Admiral^  who,  on  the  6th,  had  reached  his  station  off  Gape  St 
Vincent.  On  the  13th^  be  arrived  at  his  destination.  He  ^as 
ioiinediatdiy  ordered  to  hoist  his  broad  pendant  on  board  the  Cap^ 
tain,  R.  W.  Miller,  £sq«  Commander,  having  communicated 
some  important  intelligence  regarding  the  force  and  situation  of 
the  Spanish  fleet.  Before  sun-set  the  signal  was  miade  to  prepare. 
for  battle^  and  to  keep  in  close  order  during  the  night. 

*'  The  anxious  hours  of  the  night,  until  the  dawn  of  the  14th> 
were  passed  by  the  Admiral  in  meditating  a  design,  which  th« 
most  determined  mind  would  have  hesitated  to  adopt  without  that 
reliance  on  the  zeal,  discipline,  and  valour  of  his  fleet,  and  the 
attachment,  both  of  bis  officers  and  men,  which  Sir  John  Jervis 
had  obtained.  Nor  would  the  COTfidence,  as  it  appeared,  which 
be  reposed  in  these  great  resources;  have  alone  induced  him  to 
make  so  glorious  an  attempt,  which  he  foresaw  nothing  short  of 
success  could  justify.  The  honour  of  his  Msyesty's  arms,  and  the 
circumsunces  of  the  war  in  those  seas,  requiring  a  conaiderable 
degree  of  enterprize,  formed  the  official  defence  of  the  Admiral 
against  the  apparent  temerity  of  assailing  an  enemy  so  much  his 
superior:  a  safe  and  skilful  retreat  would  have  satisfled  both  the 
expectation  of  the  country,  and  the  ambition  of  an  ordinary 
chief."* 

The  British  force  consisted  of  fifteen  sail  of  the  line;  among 
which  were  two  ships  of  100  gunS}  two  aigS;  two  of  gO;  eight 
of  74  J  and  one  of  64 1  with  four  frigates,  a  sloop,  and  a  cutter* 
The  Spanish  fleet  of  twenty-seven  sail  of  the  line;  among  which 
was  one  ship  of  four  decks,  the  Santissima  Trinidada,  136  gunsi 
with  six  three-deckers,  each  of  1 12  guns;  two  of  84;  and  eighteen 
pf  74}  with  pea  frigates,  and  a  brig. 

ThQ  Spanish  Admiral  relied  on  the  intelligence  received  frooEi 
an  American,  that  the  British  force  was  only  nine  sail  of  the  line* 
With  this  encouragement  he  sought  an  engagement,  which  he 
would  otherwise  have  avoided. 

The  British  ships  had  been  kept  during  the  night  in  the  most 
compact  order  of  sailing.  At  a  quffrter  past  eight,  the  squadron 
was  ordered,  by  signal,  to  form  in  dose  order;  and  a  few  minutes 
afterwards,  the  signal  was  repeated  to  prepare  for  battle.  At  half 
past  ten,  the  signal  was  made  to  chase  the  enemy,  of  whom  eight 
sail  being  separated  from  the  reit,  it  seemed  the  AdmiraFs  intent 

•  Cktfket  I.  30^ 


582  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

tion  to  cat  them  off  before 'the  main  body  could  arrive  to  their 
assistaDce. 

At  half-past  eleven^  A.  M.  the  separated  Spanish  line  of  battle 
ships  and  frigates,  ^ere  observed  standing  away  on  the  starboard 
tack,  whilst  the  main  body  of  the  fleet  bore  away  in  a  confused 
manner  to  support  their  ships  to  leeward.  By  carrying  a  press  of 
sail.  Sir  John  Jervis  was  fortunate  in  getting  in  at  this  time  with 
the  enemy's  ships,  before  they  had  been  able  to  connect  and  form 
a  regular  line  of  battle.  Such  a  moment,  as  he  expressed  himself 
in  his  official  letter,  was  not  to  be  lost.  Confident  in  the  skilly 
valour,  and  discipline  of  his  officers  and  jnen,  he  felt  himself  jus- 
tified in  departing  from  the  regular  system ;  and  passing  through 
their  fleet  in  a  line  formed  witlf  the  utmost  celerity,  tacked,  and 
thereby  separated  one  third  from  the  main  body^  after  a  partial 
cannonade. 

A  part  of  the  plan  having  been  thus  crowned  with  success,  the 
Admiral  was  now  able  to  direct  his  attention  to  the  enemy's  main 
body  to  windward  J  consisting  at  this  time  of  eighteen  sail  of  the 
line.  At  eight  minutes  past  twelve,  the  signal  was  therefore  made 
for  the  British  fleet  to  tack  in  succession ;  and  soon  after  he  made 
the  signal  for  again  passing  the  enemy's  line.    The  Spanish  Ad* 
miral's  plan  seemed  to  have  been,  to  join  his  ships  to  leeward,  by 
wearing  round  the  rear  of  our  line;  and  the  ships  which  had 
passed,  and  exchanged  shots  with  our  squadron,  had  actually  borne 
up  with  this  view.    This  design  of  the  Spanish  Admiral,  more  ably 
conceived  than  executed^  was  fhistrated  by  the  extraordinary  pre« 
lence  of  mind,  and  enterprise  of  Commodore  Nelson,  whose  sta* 
tion  in  the  rear  of  the  British  line,  affi>rded  him  an  opportunity 
of  observing  this  manoeuvre  of  the  Spaniards;  anil  who,  well 
knowing  that  his  Commander  in  Chief  allowed  a  considerable  de- 
gree of  discretion  to  the  gallantry  and  judgment  of  his  approved 
officers,  executed  the  following  bold  and  decisive  exploit,  without 
dreading  any  signal  of  recal.   ^  '^  At  eighteen  minutes  before  one, 
P.  M.  the  Captain  having  passed  on  the  starboard  tack,  the  last 
of  the  enemy's  line  of  nineteen  sail,  which  were  on  the  larboard 
tacky  the  Spanish  Admiral,  in  the  Santissima  Trinidad,  bore-up, 
evidently  with  a  design  to  join  a  division  of  his  fleet,  of  eight  sail 
of  the  line,  which  were  on  the  Captains  lee-bow,  on  which  the 
Commodore  ordered  the  ship  toi)e  wore;  when  passing  between 

t  It  is  said,  that  this  disobedience  was  pointed  out  to  the  Commander  in  Chief 
at  the  time,  who  nobly  replied,  *<  He  is  right:  NeUon  sees  most  of  the  game; 
hoist  the  signal  to  follow  Nelson!**     From  private  information^ 


EARL  NELSON.  583 

the  Diadem  and  Excellent,  she  was  immediately  engaged  by  the 
Santissima  Trinidad,  a  foar-decked  ship;  and  thcee  other  three- 
deckers  3  and  several  two-deckers 5  so  that  at  one  time  (says  the 
Commodore),  we  were  engaged  by  nine  line  of-bat tie  shjps^  in 
which  we  were  most  nobly  supported  by  Captain  Troubridge,  of 
the  Culloden.    The  Spanish  Admiral  desisted  from  his  attempt  of 
joining  his  other  division;  and  hauled  to  the  wind  on  the  larboard 
tack.**    For  near  an  hour  did  the  Captain  and  Culloden  support 
this  apl^rently  unequal  contest;  when  the  Blenheim  passed  be- 
tween them  and  the  enemy^  and  gave  them  a  respite.    At  this 
time  the  Sal va tor  del  Mundo,  and  San  Isidro,  dropped  a-rstem, 
and  were  fired  into  by  the  Excellent,  Captain  CoUingwood^  who 
compelled  the  San  Isidro  to  hoist  English  colours.  Captain  Colling- 
wood  then  pushed  on  to  aid  his  old  friend^  the  Commodore,  then 
fired  on  by  three  first  rates,  and  the  San  Nicholas,  and  a  seventy- 
four,  within  about  pistol  shot  distance  of  the  San  Nicholas.    The 
Excellent  now  gave  the  San  Nicholas  a  most  tremendous  firej 
and  passing  on,  left  the  Captain  to  resume  her  station.   The  Cap- 
tain having  lost  her  foretop-mast,  not  a  sail,  shroud,  or  rope  left, 
her  wheel  shot  away,  and  incapable  of  farther  service  in  the  line, 
or  in  chacej  directed  Captain  Miller  to  put  the  helm  a  starboard, 
and  calling  for  the  boarders,  ordered  them  to  board.  The  soldiers 
of  the  6yth  regiment  were  among  the  foremost  in  this  service; 
and  Captain  Berry  jumped  into  the  enemy's  ntizzen  chains.    The 
Commodore  followed  through  the  upper  gallery  windows;  broke 
into  the  cabin;  and  the  Spanish  Commander  fell  retreating  to 
the  quarter  deck.    Captain  Berry  was  now  in  possession  of  the 
poop,  and  the  Spanish  ensign  hauling  down.     The  Commodore 
then  gave  orders  to  board  the  San  Joseph,  M'hich  was  done  in  aa 
instant;  Captain  Berry  assisting  the  Commodore  into  the  maia 
chains.    The  Spanish  Officer  immediately  offered  his  surrender; 
and  Nelson  arriving  at  the  quarter  deck,  received  his  sword.  The 
signal  was  soon  after  made  to  wear,  and  discontinue  the  action, 
when  Nelson  went  on  board  the  Victory;  where  the  Admiral 
embracing  him,  said,  he  could  not  sufficiently  thank  him.   "  No- 
thing in  the  world  was  ever  more  noble  (wrote  Sir  Gilbert  Elliot 
to  Nelson),  than  the  transactions  of  the  Captain,  from  beginning 
to  end;  and  the  glorious  group  of  your  ship  and  her  two  prizes, 
fast  Ih  your  gripe,  was  never  surpassed,  and  I  dare  say  never 
will." 

"  The  judicious  termination  of  this  glorious  action  displayed 
that  vigilant  and  collected  mind  so  conspicuous  in  tho  character  1 


»g4  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

of  Sir  John  Jervis;'^  which  was  equally  nnimpttsed  hj  the  anuetj 
that  preceded  the  battle,  or  the  success  that  followed  it:  for  had 
the  signal  to  bring  to^  been  delayed  even  five  minutes  longer,  his 
prizes  wocld  have  been  placed  in  a  very  dangeious  situation;  and 
possibly  roight  have  reverted  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy.**'  On 
February  2Sth,  the  British  fleet  arrived  at  Lisbon,  with  its  prizes. 
*'  The  more  I  think  of  oar  late  action  (says  Nelson),  the  more  I 
9m  astonished;  it  absolutely  appears  a  dream/' 

On  March  2d,  Commodore  Nelson  was  detached  with  a  squa- 
dron to  watch  the  motions  of  the  enemy  off  Cadiz.  Bat  previous 
to  this,  on  the  20th  of  February,  si^  days  after  the  late  glorious 
action  with  the  Spaniards,  he  had  been  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
|lear*Admiral. 

At  this  time  his  father  thus  addressed  him : 

^'  My  dear  Rear-Adnural,  I  thank  God  with  all  the  power  of 
a  grateful  soul,  for  the  mercies  he  has  most  graciously  bestowed 
on  me,  in  preserving  yon  amidst  the  imminent  perils  which  so 
lately  threatened  your  life  at  every  moment;  and  amongst  other 
innumeiable  blessings,  I  must  not  forget  the  bounty  of  heaven,  in 
granting  you  a  mind  that  rgoices  in  the'practioe  of  those  eminent 
virtues  which  form  great  and  good  characters. 

*'  Not  (mly  my  few  acquaintances  here,  but  the  people  in  ge- 
ptral,  met  me  at  every  comer  with  such  handsome  words,  that ) 
was  obliged  to  retire  from  the  public  eye.  A  wise  Masalist  has 
observed,  that  even  bliss  can  rise  but  to  a  certain  pitch,  and  this 
has  been  verified  in  me.  The  height  of  gkuy  to  which  your  profes- 
sional judgment,  united  with  a  proper  degree  of  bravery,  guarded 
by  Providence,  has  raised  you,  few  sons,  my  dear  Child,  attain  to, 
and  fewer  Others  live  to  see.  Tears  of  joy  have  involuntarily 
trickled  down  my  furrowed  cheek.  Who  could  stand  the  force  of 
such  general  congratulation  ?  The  name  and  services  of  Nelson 
have  sounded  throughout  the  city  of  Bath,  from  the  common 
ballad  singer  to  the  public  theatre.  Joy  sparkles  in  every  eye; 
and  desponding  Britain  draws  back  her  saUe  veil,  and  smiles.  It 
gives  me  inward  satisfaction  to  know,  that  the  laurels  you  have 
wreathed,.sprung  from  those  prindples  and  religious  truths  which 
alone  constitute  the  hero;  and  though  a  civic  crown  is  all  you  at 
present  reap,  it  is  to  the  mind  of  inestimable  value,  and  )  have 

«  Se«  anielc  St.  Vivcsmt  In  this  Yolaaw. 
*  ClatkCy  L  153. 


BARL  NELSON.  5« 

no  doubt  will  one  day  bear  a  goldea  apple*  That  £eld  of  glory^ 
in  which  you  have  long  been  so  coDspicnous,  is  still  open.  Magr 
God  continue  to  be  your  preserver,  from  the  arrow  that  flieth  bf 
day,  and  the  pestilence  that  walketh  by  night  1 

<<  I  am  your  affectionate  father,    Edmund  Nelsoo.'> 

^*  Such**  continue  his  Biographers,  *^  was  the  character,  and 
such  had  been  the  professional  services  of  Horatio  Nelson,  when 
he  succeeded,  in  his  thirty-ninth  year,  to  the  rank  of  Rear-AdmlraL 
His  great  abilities,  and  approved  integrity,  were  known  and  aC'- 
knowledged  throughout  Europe,  and  had  been  esLtoUed  in  the 
most  lib^al  manner,  even  by  those  enemies  who  had  severely  UAi 
their  ascendency.  As  a  Commander,  he  not  only  possessed  the 
most  unshaken  valour,  and  inexhaustible  spirit  of  enterprize,  but 
he  also  enjoyed  the  happy  and  rare  talent  of  inspiring  his  foHoweri 
with  an  unbounded  confidence  of  success  in  whatever  be  undertook. 
The  various  and  wonderful  resources  of  his  mind,  provided  a  re- 
medy for  every  contingency.  Patient  of  toil  and  hardship,  but 
not  of  inaction;  covetous  of  honour,  but  not  of  gold;  he  anxiously 
fought  for  situations  of  peril  and  exertion,  wh^  he  might  aur« 
pass  the  rest  of  his  profession  in  supporting  the  dignity  of  hit 
Ung,  and  the  independence  of  his  country.  The  extraordinary, 
and,  as  it  were,  intuitive  capacity  of  his  mind,  created  for  itself 
opportunities  of  distinction  in  the  most  forlorn  and  perplexing 
situations.*'* 

In  April,  1797,  Admiral  Nelson  hoisted  his  flag  as  Rear-Ad« 
miral  of  the  Blue,  and  was  sent  to  bring  down  the  garrison  of 
Porto  Ferrajo;  which  service  performed,  he  shifted  his  flag  from 
the  Captain  to  the  Theseus,  on  May  27th,  and  was  employed  in 
the  command  of  the  inner  squadron  at  the  blockade  of  Cadiz. 

Nelson's  services  were  now  rewarded  with  the  Obdbb  of  thv 
3atb>  of  which  the  conununication  to  him  was  dated  March  17th, 
and  his  answer  of  thanks  on  April  2d. 

Nothing  could  equal  the  extreme  attention  with  which  the 
blockade  of  Cadiz  was  carried  on  by  the  Commander  in  Chief;* 
and  the  intelligence  which  he  constantly  obtained  of  etery  trans- 
action that  passed  in  that  harbour.^ 

7  CUrke's  Life,  I.  p.  359;  *  IbU. 

*  Sir  John  Jenris  had  been  created  a  Peer  immediately  after  the  battle  of  St. 
Vincent.    See  title  St.  Viwcbnt. 

^  On  Uxf  aStb,  Lieutenant  T.  M.  Hardy  disdnguished  himself  bj  cntdng  oat 
thelUliaebciiftomtheioadofSaucuCnis.    He  was  then  Fint  Lieutenant  of 


586  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

• 

On  the  night  of  July  3d,  Sir  Horatio  Nelson  gave  a  hew  in* 
stance  of  his  personal  intrepidity  at  the  mouth  of  Cadiz  harbour; 
when  in  his  own  barge,  with  the  assistance  of  some  other  barges, 
he  boarded  and  carried  two  of  the  enemy's  gun  boats,  and  a  barge 
launch,  of  one  of  their  ships  of  war,  with  the  Commandant  of  the 
flotilla.  The  heroic  Admiral  had  only  his  barge,  with  its  own 
common  crew  of  ten  men.  Captain  Fremantle  was  with  him. 
The  Spanish  barge  rowed  twenty-six  oars,  besides  officers  ^  thirty 
men  in  the  whole.  *'  This  (says  he),  was  a  service  hand  to  hand, 
with  swords^  in  which  my  coxswain,  John  Sykes,  now  no  more, 
twice  saved  my  life.  Eighteen  of  the  Spaniards  being  killed  and 
several  wounded,  we  succeeded  in  taking  their  Commander." 

The  next  remarkable  event  was  the  expedition  to  Teneriffc,  it 
being  supposed  that  a  rich  Spanish  ship,  £1  Principe  d*Asturias, 
from  Manilla,  with  treasure,  and  a  rich  cargo,  was  arrived  at 
Santa  Cruz,  bound  for  Cadiz.  On  Friday,  July  21st,  every  thing 
being  prepared,  the  squadron  stood  forTcneriffe.  They  could 
not  effect  a  landing  till  the  22d;  from  whence  they  were  with- 
drawn the  same  day.  Fo-led  in  his  first  attempt.  Nelson's  spirit 
could  not  brook  giving  over  the  attempt.  At  eleven  at  night,  of 
the  24th,  he  made  a  second  effort,  with  instructions  to  land  on 
the  Mole,  whence  they  were  to  hasten  as  fast  as  possible  into  the 
Great  Square.  "  We  were  not  discovered  (says  Nelson),  until 
half  past  one  o'clock,  when  being  within  half  gunshot  of  the 
landing-place,  I  directed  the  boato  to  cast  off  from  each  other, 
give  an  huzza,  and  push  for  the  shore.  The  alarm  bells  immedi- 
ately rang,  and  a  fire  of  thirty  or  forty  pieces  of  cannon,  with 
musquetry  from  one  end  of  the  town  to  the  other,  opened  upon 
us;  but  nothing  could  stop  the  intrepidity  of  the  Captains  leading 
the  divisions;  Unfortunately,  the  night  being  extremely  dark,  the 
greatest  part  of  the  boats  did  not  see  the  Molej  but  went  on  shore 
through  a  raging  surf,  which  stove  all  the  boats  to  the  left  of  it. 
It  was  only  Captains  Fremantle,  Thompson,  Bowen,  and  myself, 
with  four  or  five  boats,  who  found  the  Mole  j  which  was  instantly 
stormed  and  carried,  although  defended  apparently  by  four  or  Gvc 
hundred  men;  and  the  guns,  six  twenty-four  pounders,  were 
spiked:  but  such  a  heavy  fire  of  musketry  and  grape  shot  was 
kept  up  from  the  citadel  and  houses  at  «he  head  of  the  Mole,  tfiat 
we  could  not  advance,  and  all  were  nearly  killed,  or.  wounded. 

La  Mtnerve,  Captain  Cockburn }  and  now  was  appointed  by  CapUtn  Hailowdl  to 
command  the  prize.  He  has  since  risen  to  eoilneuce^  and  been  made  a  Ba-^ 
ronet. 


EARL  NELSON.  587 

Having  at  this  moment  my^ight-arm  shot  through,  I  was  carried 
off  to  my  ship.** 

Sir  Horatio  had  received  his  severe  wound  through  the  right- 
clhow,  as  he  was  in  the  act  of  drawing  his  sword,  and  stepping 
out  of  the  boat.  This  sword,  which  he  had  so  long  and  deservedly 
valued  from  rospect  to  his  uncle,  Maurice  Suckling,  was  grasped, 
when  falling,  in  his  left-hand,  notwithstanding  the  agony  he  en- 
dured. Lieutenant  Nisbet,  who  had  remained  close  to  him,  saw 
his  father-in-law  wounded  from  the  tremendous  fire  of  the  Spa- 
niards, and  heard  him  exclaim,  "  I  am  shot  through  the  arm  3  I 
am  a  dead  man !"  Nisbet  placed  him  at  the  bottom  of  the  boat, 
and  observing  that  the  sight  of  the  quantity  of  blood,  which  had 
fushed  from  the  shattered  arm,  seemed  to  increase  the  faintness, 
he  took  off  his  hat  to  conceal  it.  He  then,  with  great  presence 
of  mind,  examined  the  state  of  the  wound,  an(J  holding  the  shat- 
tered arm  so  as  to  staunch  the  blood,  he  took  some  silk  hand- 
kerchiefs from  his  neck,  and  bound  them  lightly  above  the  lace- 
rated vessels.  But  for  this  attention.  Nelson,  as  he  afterwards 
declared,'  must  have  perished. 

At  two  o'clock  in  the  morning  Nelson  returned  on  board,  and 
underwent  amputation  with  the  same  firmness  and  courage  that 
always  marked  his  character. 

Captain  Troubridge,  with  his  brave  companions,  was  more  for- 
tunate. He  landed,  and  advanced  with  Captain  Waller  to  the 
Square.  But  the  assailants  were  so  few^  and  the  enemy  so  nu- 
merous and.  prepared,  that  by  the  firmest  courage,  and  presence 
of  mind  alone,  he  obtained  a  capitulation  to  enable  them  to  return 
unmolested  to  their  ships.  Captain  Richard  Bowen,  of  the  Terp- 
sichore, was  killed  in  storming  the  Mole. 

On  this  occasion,  the  dejected  Nelson  accompanied  his  public 
dispatcher  to  the  Commander  in  Chief,  by  the  following  private 
communication,  descriptive  of  the  pain  both  of  his  body  and  mind. 
It  is  dated  from  on  board  the  Theseus,  July  27th. 

^*  I  am  become  a  burthen  to  my  friends,  and  useless  to  my 
country  J  but  by  my  letter  wrote  the  27th,  you  will  perceive  my 
anxiety  for  the  promotion  of  my  son  in-law,  Josiah  Nisbet.  When 
I  leave  your  "command,  I  become  dead  to  the  world :  1  go  hence, 
and  am  no  more  seen.  If  from  poor  Bowen*s  loss,  you  think  it 
proper  to  oblige  me,  1/est  confident  you  will  doitj  the  boy  is 
under  obligations  to  me  3  but  he  repaid  me,  by  bringing  me  from 
the  Mole  of  Santa  Cruz.    I  hope  you  will  be  able  to  give  me  a 


56S  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND* 

fi^te  to  convey  the  remainft  of  my  caicase  to  England.    God 
bless  yon. 

**  You  will  excuse  my  scrawl,  considering  it  is  my  first  at- 
tempt." • 

On  Angost  20tb,  he  obtained  official  leare  to  return  to  Eng* 
land.  Having  arrived  at  Spithead,  he  strock  his  flag  on  September 
2d,  and  immediatdy  proceeded  to  bis  father  and  Lady  Nelson,  at 
Bath.  During  the  month  of  October,  he  was  in  lodgings  in  Bond- 
street,  London,  still  severely  suffering  from  his  wound.  He  had 
now  completed  his  thirty-ninth  year. 

Towards  the  dose  of  this  year,  the  Foudrojant,  by  desire  of 
the  Earl  of  St.  Vincent,  was  fitting  for  his  flag:  but  this  ship  not 
getting  so  forward  as  was  expected,  the  Vanguard  was,  on  January 
19th,  179S«  commissioned  for  his  flag.  The  Vanguard  sailed  firom 
Blackstakes  to  the  Nore,  early  in  March.  On  the  28th,  Sir  Ho- 
ratio left  London  for  Portsmouth  -,  and  on  the  Qth  of  April,  sailed 
with  a  fair  wind  from  St.  Helen's.;  on  the  23d  he  reached  the 
Tagus. 

On  May  2d,  Sir  Horatio  was  ordered  with  a  small  squadron  to 
proceed  to  the  Mediterranean,  and  endeavour  to  ascertain,  by  every 
means  ,in  his  power,  the  object  of  the  large  projected  expedition 
of  the  French  from  Toulon.  More  than  a  fortnight  afterwards. 
Lord  St.  Vincent  received  instructions  to  detach  Nelson  with  all 
the  force  he  could  spare,  for  this  very  purpose.  So  sagaciously 
had  the  Commander  in  Chief  anticipated  the  views  of  the  Go- 
vernment at  home.  On  May  20th,  the  squadron  was  exposed  to 
a  furious  tempest  in  the  Gulf  of  Lyons.  A  reinforcement  of  ten 
sail  of  the  line,  under  Troobridge,  with  the  Leander,  was  now 
sent  him,  and  jdned  his  squadron  on  June  7th.  This  addition 
was  selected  from  the  very  best  ships  of  Earl  SU  Vincent's  fleet; 
and  consisted  of  the  Culloden,  74,  Captain  Troubridge;  Grdiatli, 
74,  Captain  Foley;  Minotaur,  74,  Captain  Louisj  Defence,  74> 
Captain  John  Peyton;  Bdlerophon,  74,  Captain  H.  D.  Darby; 
Majesdc,  74>  Captain  Westcott;  Zealous,  74,  Captain  Samuel 
Hood;  Swiftsure,  74,  Captain  Hallowell;  Theseus,  74,  Obtain 
R.  W.  Miller;  Audacious,  74,  Captain  Davidge, Gould j  with  the 
Leander,  50,  Csptain  T.  B.  Thompson/ 

c  A  fac  limile  of  this  letter  is  gWen  bj  CUrke. 
*  See  t  minote  and  interesdag  accoont  of  the  fpentions  of  this  squadron,  la 
ta  accotiiiC  of  ji  V9fag9  vp  the  MMttrammi,  umUr  Sir  Hmttm  Ntltm.    Bj  tit 
Miv.  Ctcper  WVfyam,  d.M.  CktfUm  f  tht  Swiftmn.    i3oi«  4^. 


JSAKL  NELSON.  isg 

Kaples  was  ofchriidined  with  joj  ct  the  9fpromk  ot  thif  sqtM*^ 
dfoo:  for  the  sailing  of  the  French  annament  from  Toobn^  of 
which  the  first  division  had  anived  off  Trapani,  in  Sidly,  on  JiONi 
5tb»  had  filled  it  with  despair. 

The  British  squadron  passed  tfanmgh  the  Strait  of  Messina  on 
Jane  20th/  with  a  fiur  wind.  Ndsoo,  conrinced  that  the  object 
of  the  French  was  Egypt,  shaped  his  coarse  thither;  sow  the 
Vharoa  of  Alexandria  Jane  2Qih,  and  having  a  general  view  of 
both  harbonrs>  to  his  great  surprize  and  disappoiDtnient^  saw  not 
a  French  ship  in  either/  He  immediaielj  pointed  northward  for 
the  coast  of  Caramaoiai  and  on  the  29th>  whilst  at  sea^  amid  the 
agitation  of  disappointment  which  he  experienced  at  not  meeting 
the  enemy,  sent  the  following  letter  to  Eari  St.  Vineent: 


*'  Mj  Lord.  Althoogh  I  rest  confident  that  my  intentions  wilt 
always  with  yon,  have  the  most  fiivourable  interpretations;  yet 
when  aoccess  docs  not  crown  an  officer's  plan,  it  is  absolutely  ne* 
cessary  that  he  shonld  ei^ain  the  motives  which  actaate  hiar 
Qondnct;  and  therefore  I  shall  state  them  at  briefly  as  posrible.**^ 
He  then  retraced  his.  proceedings  to  the  21st,  when  he  had  beea 
cdose  off  Syracuse,  and  had  hoisted  his  cblours.  On  the  22d,  he 
had  heard  that  Malta  had  surrendered  on  the  13th  of  Jane;  and 
that  the  whole  French  fleet  had  left  it  on  the  next  day,  as  was  sap- 
posed,  for  Sicily.  ^  The  wind  (added  he),  at  this  time,  was  blow**' 
ing  strong  from  W.  N.  W.  The  vessel  that  had  been  spoken  three 
hoan  before  by  the  Mntine,  was  gone  oat  of  reach.  I  could  not 
get  to  Malta  till  the  wind  modetatedj  and  then  might  obtain  no 
hotter  intelligence.  Thus  situated,  I  had  to  make  use  of  my 
jndgmenti  with  information  from  Naples^  that  they  were  at  peace 
with  the  French  RepnUic*  I  recalled  all  the  circomstances  of 
this  annament  befinre  me;  4p|000  troops,  280  transports,  many 
bnndred  pieoea  cf  artillery;  waggons,  draught  horses,  cavalry, 
artificers,  naturalists,  astronomers,  mathematicians,  &c.  The  first 
tendesvoua,  in  case  of  separatioui  was  Bastia;  the  second,  Malta* 
This  annament  could  not  be  necessary  for  taking  possession  of 
Malta.  The  Neapolitan  Ministers  considered  Naples  and  Sicily 
aa  s^fe.  Spain,  after  Malta,  or  indeed  any  place  to  the  Westward, 
I  could  not  think  their  destination;  for  at  this  season,  the  westerly 
winda  so  atroogly  prevail  between  Sicily  and  the  coeat  of  Barbery, 

•  Malta  had  bean  tnacbanwily  given  up  <o  the  Fre&ch  HepuUic  on  tha  xatii. 
f  Sec  the  didly  track.of  each  aeat  hid  4awB  oe  a  chart  annexed  to  MTXf^wav'ff 


590  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

I  conceive  it  almost  impossible  to  get  a  fleet  of  transports  to  (he 
westward.  It  then  became  the  serious  question^  Where  are  th^ 
gone?  Here  I  had  deeply  to  regret  my  want  of  frigates;  and  I 
desire  it  may  be  understood^  that  if  one  half  of  the  frigates  your 
Lordship  had  ordered  under  my  command,  had  been  with  me,  I 
could  not  have  wanted  information  of  the  French  fleet.  If  gone 
to  Corfu,  in  consequence  of  my  approach,  which  th^  knew  frorn 
Naples  on  the  12th  or  13th,  they  would  be  arrived  there  by  the 
22d  of  June. 

*'  Upon  their  whole  proceedings,  therefore,  together  with  such 
information  as  I  had  been  able  to  collect,  it  appeared  clear  to  me, 
that  they  were  either  destined  to  assist  the  rebel  Pacha,  and  to 
overthrow  the  present  government  of  Turkey;  or  to  settle  a  colony 
in  Egypt,  and  to  open  a  trade  to  India  by  way  of  the  Red  Sea* 
For  strange  as  it  may  appear  at  first  sight,  an  eiiterpnsing  eilemy» 
if  they  have  the  force  or  consent  of  the  Pacha  of  Egypt,  may  with 
great  ease  get  an  army  to  the  Red  Sea;  and  if  they  have  concerted 
a  plan  with  Tippoo  Saib  to  have  vessels  at  Suez,  three  weeks  at 
this  season  is  a  common  passage  to  the  Mala|>ar  coast,  where  our 
possessions  in  India  would  be  in  great  dnngen  I  therefore,  deter- 
mined with  the  opinion  of  those  Captains  in  whom  I  could  place 
great  confidence,  to  go  to  Alexandria;  and  if  that  place,  or  any 
part  of  Italy,  was  their  destination,  I  hoped  to  arrive  time  enough 
to  frustrate  their  plans. 

''  I  arrived  off  Alexandria  on  the  28th,  and  found  lying  there, 
one  Turkish  vessel  in  the  old  port,  and  about  fifty  sail  of  vessels  of 
diflcreot  nations,  in  the  Franks  port.  I  directed  Captain  Hardy, 
of  the  Mutine,  to  run  close  in,  and  to  send  an  ofiicer  on  shore  with 
my  letter  to  Mr.  Baldwin,  and  to  get  all  the  information  in  hi* 
power.  Captain  Hardy  on  his  return,  came  within  hail  in  his  boat, 
and  reported,  that  no  intelligence  could  be  procured  of  the  French 
fleet.  Mr.  Baldwin  had  left  Alexandria  near  three  months.  We 
observed  the  line  of  battle  ship  to  be  landing  her  guns,  and  that 
the  place  was  filling  with  armed  people.  After  receiving  Captain 
Hardy's  report,  I  stretched  the  fleet  over  to  the  coast  of  Asia. 
Both  Sir  William  Hamilton,  and  General  Acton,  I  now  know, 
said,  they  believed  Egypt  was  the  object  of  the  French;  for  that 
when  their  Minister  at  Naples  was  pressed  on  the  armament  ap- 
pearing ofl'  Sicily,  he  had  declared  that  Egypt  was  their  object. 

"  The  only  objection  I  can  fancy  to  be  started  is,  you  should 
not  have  gone  such  a  long  voyage,  without  information  of  the 
enemy's  destination:  my  answer  is  ready.  Who  was  I  to  get  it 


EARf,  NELSON.  ^^t 

from?  The  €K>veniaients  of  Naples  or  Sicily,  either  knew  oot^  or 
ckose  to  keep  me  in  ignorance.  Was  I  to  wait  patiently  till  I 
heard  certain  accounts  ?  If  Egypt  were  their  object,  before  I  could 
hear  of  them  they  would  have  been  in  India.  To  do  nothing,  was^ 
I  felt,  disgraceful;  therefore  I  made  use  of  my  understand injg, 
and  by  it  I  ought  to  stand  or  fall.  I  am  before  your  Lordship'g 
judgment,  which  in  the  present  case,  I  feel  is  the  tribunal  of  my 
country;  and  if,  under  all  circumstances,  it  is  decided  that  I  am 
wrong,  I  ought,  for  the  sake  of  my  country,  to  be  superseded | 
for  at  this  moment,  when  I  know  the  French  are  not  in  Alexan- 
dria, I  hold  the  same  opinion  as  off  Cape  Passaro,  viz.  that  under 
all  circumstances,  I  was  right  in  steering  for  Alexandria;  and  by 
that  opinion  I  must  stand  or  fall.  However  erroneous  my  judg- 
ment may  be,  I  feel  conscious  of  my  honest  intentions;  which,  I 
hope,  will  bear  me  up  under  the  greatest  misfortune  that  could 
happen  to  me  as  an  officer,  that  of  your  Lordship's  thinking  me 
wrong." 

This  letter  may  be  considered  as  a  portraiture  of  the  zeabug 
and  too  agitated  mind  of  this  extraordinary  man,  when  fiill  of 
heaviness  and  disquietudes 

From  the  coast  of  Caramania,  Sir  Horatio  steered  along  the 
southern  side  of  Candia,  carrying  a  press  of  sail,  night  and  day, 
with  a  contrary  wind.  On  the  I8th,  he  entered  the  port  of  Sy- 
racuse to  obtain  water.  On  the  25th>  he  sailed  from  Syracuse, 
It  now  occurred  to  him,  that  some  intelligence  might  probably 
be  obtained  in  the  Morea;  and  steering  at  first  for  that  coast,  he 
made  the  Gulf  of  Coron  on  July  28th.  Here  he  heard  that  the 
enemy  had  been  seen  steering  S.  £.  from  Candia  about  four  weeks 
before.  He  was  resolved  to  return  to  Alexandria.  He  was  right. 
The  French  had  steered  a  direct  course  for  Candia,  by  which  they 
had  made  an  angular  passage  to  Alexandria,  while  the  British 
squadron  had  kept  a  stiait  course  for  the  latter  place.*^ 

Nothing  could  equal  the  joy  that  prevailed  throughout  the  Bri-' 
tisb  squadron  at  the  sight  of  the  French  flag,  unless  it  were  the 
calm  determination,  and  awful  silence,  by  which  that  joy  was 
succeeded. 

I  shall  abridge  the  account  of  the  Battle  of  the  Nile,  from  Mr. 

S  Clarke's  Life,  Vol.  II.  p.  66,  67,  6^. 
k  See  the  eztnorJinary  line  by  which  they  crptsed  each  otheri  in  fTilfyam^s 
^VHh  J^*^  cited. 


$g^  P££BA6E  OF  ENGLAND. 

Willy AM8*9  Foyage  up  the  Medkerranean,  as  his  waft  preseot  til 
the  Sunftsure  during  that  most  glorioas  engagement* 

''  The  enem/s  line  (sajs  he),  presented  a  most  fermidahto 
appeafadce:  it  was  anchored  in  close  order^  and  apparently  near 
l^e  shore;  flanked  with  gun-hoats^  ikiortar  vessels^  and  fbnrlaigd 
frigates;  with  a  battery  of  gnns  and  mortars  on  an  island,  neai^ 
which  the  British  must  pass.  This  posture  gave  the  most  de- 
cided advantage  to  the  French;  whose  well-known  perfectioil 
and  skill  in  the  use  of  ardlleiy,  has  so  often  secured  to  them 
spleildid  victories  on  shore:  to  that  they  were  now  to  look 
ibr  success:  for  each  ship  being  at  anchor,  became  a  fixed  bat-* 
tciy. 

'*  The  British  Admiral^  who  saw  all  th«  Advantages  ^e  enemy 
possessed,  but  saw  them  with  a  seaman's  ejre,  knew  that  th^ 
must  have  room  to  swing  the  length  of  their  cables;  and'oonto- 
quendy,  that  they  would  have  space  enough  for  our  slups  to 
anchor  between  them  and  the  shotae. 

**  The  Goliah,  Captain  iFoley,  had  the  distiogmshed  honour  t0 
lead  the  fleet  into  battle. 

**  Captain  Hood,  of  the  25ealous,  foUowed  close,  and  took  hii 
station  ob  the  bows  of  the  Guerrier  with  great  judgment  Th^ 
Goliah  anchored  dongside  of  the  Conquenmt.  The  thin!  Aap 
that  doubled  the  van  of  the  French  line  was  the  O*ion,  Sir  JaiiMS 
Saumaree. 

**  The  Audacious,  Captab  Gould,  next  followed.  Capt&i 
Millar,  in  the  Tfaesens,  was  the  last  that  anchored  between  the 
French  line  and  the  shore. 

«'  The  Vanguard,  distinguished  by  the  flag  of  Admiral  Ndsofij 
now  entered  the  battle.  Aware  of  the  impossibility  of  die  real* 
of  the  enemy  (being  to  leeward),  coming  to  the  assistance  of  thelf 
van,  he  determined  to  redouble  his  efibrts  to  conquer  one  pait 
before  he  attacked  the  rfcst.  In  pursuance  of  that  resdntion,  he 
himself  set  the  e&ampie  to  the  rest  of  his  fleet,  and  anchored 
without-std6  rfthe  enemy's  Hne>  who  were,  in  consequence,  com- 
ptetdf  between  two  fires.  The  Vanguard  anchored  within  half 
pbtol-4hot,  on  the  starbbard  sid^  of  the  Spartlate,  and  began  such 
a  severe  and  well  dbected  fire,  that,  totally  dismasted,  and  imving 
lost  a  great  number  of  her  crew,  the  Frenchman  was  obliged  to 
call  for  quarter,  which  was  immediatdygranted.  Captain  Louis, 
of  the  Afinotaur,  anchored  next  a-head  of  the  Admiral,  and  en- 
gaged the  Aquilon,  which  was  also  obliged  to  strike  to  his  siipe* 


EARL  NELSON.  593 

rior  fire.  The  Bellerophon,  commanded  bj  Captain  Darby,  now 
entered  the  conflict;  and  running  down  the  line,  dropped  anchor 
alongside  of  L* Orient,  of  120  guns,  bearing  the  flag  of  the  French 
Commander  in  Chief,  Admiral  Brueyes.  The  Defence,  Captain 
Peyton,  followed  close,  and  took  his  station  a-head  of  the  Mino- 
taur, by  which  the  line  remained  unbroken;  he  engaged  the 
Franklin,  of  eighty  guns,  on  the  starboard  bow.  This  ship  ^ore 
the  flag  of  Con tre- Admiral  Blanquet  Du  Chelard,  second  in  com- 
mand. The  Majestic,  Captain  Westcott,  next  came  into  action  ^ 
Captain  Westcott  fell  by  a  musket  shot.  The  Alexander  and 
Swiftsure  now  caiae  in  for  their  share  of  glory.  Having  bcea 
prevented  assisting  at  the  commencement  of  the  battle,  by  bear- 
ing down  to  reconnoitre  Alexandria,  afterwards  being  obliged  to 
alter  their  course,  to  avoid  the  shoal  that  had  proved  so  fatal  to 
the  Culloden,  it  was  eight  o'clock  before  they  came  into  action, 
and  total  darkness  had  enveloped  the  combatants  for  some  time, 
which  was  dispelled  only  by  the  frequent  flashes  from  their 
guns. 

'^  At  three  minutes  past  eight  o'clock,  the  Swiftsure  anchored, 
taking  the  place  that  had  before  been  occupied  by  the  Bellero- 
phon;  and  two  minutes  after,  began  a  steady  and  Well-directed 
fire  on  the  quarter  of  the  Franklin,  and  bows  of  L*Orient.  The 
last  ship  which  entered  the  bloody  conflict  was  the  Leander. 

^^  In  the  van,  four  of  the  French  ships  had  already  struck  their 
colours  to  the  British  flag.  The  battle  now  raged  chiefly  in  the 
centre. 

*^  At  three  minutes  past  nine  o'clock,  a  fire  was  observed  to 
have  broken  out  in  the  cabin  of  L'Orient;  to  that  point  Captain 
Hallo  well  ordered  as  n^any  guns  as  could  be  spared  from  firing  on 
the  Franklin  to  be  directed;  and  at  the  same  time,  that  Captain 
Allen  of  marines  should  throw  in  the  whole  fire  of  his  musquetry 
into  the  enemy's  quarter;  while  the  Alexander,  on  the  other  side, 
was  keeping  up  an  incessant  shower. of  shot  to  the  same  point. 
The  situation  of  the  Alexander  and  Swiftsure  was  perilous  in  the 
extreme*  The  expected  ^explosion  of  such  a  ship  as  L'Orient 
was  to  be  dreaded,  as  involviiig  all  around  in  certain  destruction. 
Captain  Hallowcll,  however,  determined  not  to  move  from  his 
devoted  station,  though  repeatedly  urged  to  do  so.  He  perceived 
the  advantage  he^posfiessed,  of  being  to  windward  of  the  burning 
fhipk  Captain  Ball  was  not  so  fortunate;  he  twice  had  the  mor- 
tification, that  the  fire  of  the  enemy  had  communicated  to  his 

VOL.  T.  2a- 


294  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

own  ship.    He  was  obliged  therefore  to  ehange  hit  birtb^  and 
move  a  little  further  off.* 

'^  Admiral  Ndsoo,  who  had  received  a  very  severs  wOnnd  on 
his  head^  and  was  obliged  to  be  carried  off  the  deck^  was  informed 
by  Captain  Berry  of  the  situation  of  the  enemy.  Forgetting  hit 
own  sufferings,  he  hastened  on  deck,  impelled  by  humanity;  and 
gave  directions,  that  every  exertion  should  be  made  to  save  as 
many  lives  as  possible.  One  of  the  .boats  of  the  Vanguard,  and 
pf  the  nearest  ship,  that  could  swim,  were  sent  on  this  service; 
aod  above  seventy  Frenchmen  were  saved  by  the  exertions  of  those 
so  lately  employed  in  their  destruction.  The  van  of  our  fleet 
having  finished,  for  the  present,  their  part  in  the  glorious  struggle, 
had  now  a  full  view  of  the  two  lines  illuminated  by  the  flames  of 
the  ill-fated  foe;  the  colours  of  the  contending  powers  being 
plainly  distinguished.  The  moon»  which  had  risen,  opposing  her 
cold  light  to  the  warm  glow  of  the  fire  beneath,  added  to  the  so- 
lemn picture.  The  flames  had  by  this  time  made  such  progress^ 
tliat  an  explosion  was  instantly  expected ;  yet  the  enemy  on  the 
lower  deck^  either  insensible  of  the  ganger  that  surrounded  them, 
or  impelled  by  the  last  paroxysms  of  despair  and  vengeance,  con* 
tinned  to  fire  upon  us. 

At  thirty-seven  minutes  past  nine,  the  fiital  explosion  hap- 
pened. The  fire  communicated  to  the  magazine,  and  UOrient 
blew  up  with  a  crasliing  sound,  that  deafened  all  around  her- 
The  tremulous  motion,  felt  to  the  very  bottom  of  each  ship,  was 
like  that  of  an  earthquake;  the  fragments  were  driven  such  a 
vast  height  into  the  air,  that  some  moments  elapsed  before  they 
descended;  and  then  the  greatest  apprehension  was  formed  firom 
the  volumes  of  burning  matter  which  threatened  to  fall  on  the 
decks  and  rigging  of  the  surrounding  ships. 

Fortunately,  however,  no  material  damage  occurred.  A  port^ 
fire  fell  into  the  main  royal  of  the  Alexander,  and  she  onoe  man, 
was  in  danger  of  sharing  the  same  flite  as  the  T»iemy;  but  by  the 
skill  and  exertions  of  Captain  Ball,  it  was  soon  extinguished.  Two 
large  pieces  of  the  wredc  dropped  into  the  main  and  foretopa  ci 

i  It  IS  mU  by  Clatkc,  thtt  L*Oriem  had  ttnick  her  cotoun,  tnd  had  not  fired 
i  ihot  for  e  qvarter  of  an  hour  before  the  Uew  np.  Bot'I  a^n  asinted  bjr  a  gen- 
tieanan  who  waa  on  board  the  Swiftsuie,  that  she  fired  a  taf^iide  mte  the  BedlU 
•ure  but  a  few  minutes  befiore  <he  blew  np}  and  hsr  colowl  mere  fiyiof  el  the 
ment  of  the  cjrplesioo. 


EARL  NELSON.  595 

the  Smftsare,  but  li9ppily  the  men  were  withdrawn  from  thoie 
places. 

**  An  awful  silence  now  reigned  for  several  minntes;  as  if  the 
contending  squadrons,  struck  with  horror  at  the  dreadful  e?ent, 
which  in  an  instant  bad  hurled  so  many  brave  men  into  the  air, 
had  forgotten  their  hostile  rage  in  pity  for  the  sufferers.  But 
short  was  the  pause  of  death:  vengeance  soon  roused  the  drooling 
spirits  of  the  enemy.  The  Franklin^  nonf  bearing  the  French 
Commander's  flag  opened  her  fire  with  redoubled  fury  on  the 
Defence  and  Swiftsure,  and  gave  the  signal  for  renewed  hostilities; 
the  latter  being  disengaged  from  her  late  formidable  adversary, 
had  leisure  to  direct  her  whole  fire  into  the  foe^  and  by  the 
steady  fire  of  these  two  ships,  and  the  Leander  on  her  bowsj  the 
Franklin  called  for  quarter,  and  struck  to  a  superior  force. 

The  Alexander  and  the  Majestic,  and  occasionally  the  Swift- 
»ure,  were  now  the  only  British  ships  engaged}  but  the  Com- 
mander of  the  latter,  finding  that  he  could  not  direct  his  guns 
clear  of  the  Alexander,  who  had  dropped  between  him  and  the 
Tonnant  $  and  fearful  lest  he  should  fire  into  a  friend,  desisted, 
although  he  was  severely  annoyed  by  the  shot  of  the  Tonnant, 
which  was  falling  thick  about  him.     Most  of  our  ships  were  so 
cut  up  in  their  masts  and  rigging,  that  they  were  unable  to  set 
any  sail,  or  move  from  their  stations.    About  three  o'clock,  od 
the  morning  of  the  2d  of  August,  the  firing  ceased  entirely;  both 
squadrons  being  equally  exhausted  with  fatigue.     At  four,  how- 
ever, just  as  the  day  began  to  dawn,  the  Alexander  and  Majestic 
recommenced  the  action  with  the  Tonnant,  Guillaume  Tell,  Ge« 
nereux,  and  Timoleon.    The  Heureux  and  Mercure  had  fallen 
out  of  the  line,  and  anchored  a  considerable  distance  to  leeward. 
Captain  Miller  perceiving  the  unequal  contest,  bore  down  to  assist 
has  friends,  and  began  a  furious  cannonade  on  the  enemy. 

'^  At  six  o'clock,  the  Leander,  having  as  yet  received  little  da- 
mage, was  ordered,  by  signal  from  the  Admiral,  to  assist  the  ships 
engaged,  which  she  accordingly  obeyed.  At  this  time  the  action 
between  our  three  ships,  Alexander,  Majestic,  and  Theseus,  and 
the  Guillaume  Tell,  Genereux,  Tonnant,  and  Timoleon,  had  be- 
come very  distant,  as  the  latter  oontinoed  imperceptibly  to  drop 
to  leeward,  and  the  Theseus  was  obliged  to  veer  out  on  two  cables 
to  keep  within  reach  of  them. 

"  At  eight  A.  M.  the  Goliah  bore  down  and  anchored  near 
the  Theseus,  the  French  ships  having  brought  to  again.  The  fire 
of  our  ships  was  now  chiefly  turned  on  the  Heureux  and  Mer- 


Sgd  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

cnre^  which  were  soon  obliged  to  surrender.    The  Tlmoleon  was 
ashore^  and  the  Tonnant  was  rendered  a  condplete  wreck.    Thai 
circamstanced^  and  perceiving  that  few  if  any  of  oar  ships  were 
in  a  condition  to  make  sail.  Rear- Admiral  Ville-Neove,  in  the 
Gtiillaume  Tell,  of  eighty  gans>  resolved  to  lose  no  time  in  escap- 
ing from  the  certain  fate  that  awaited  him.    About  noon  he  got 
under  weighs  as  also  did  the  Genereux,  of  seventy-four  guns,  and 
La  Justice  and  La  Dyine  frigates.    The  instant  Sir  Horatio  Nek 
son  perceived  what  they  were  about,  he  dispatched  the  2^alou8, 
by  signal,  to  intercept  them.     Unfortunately  none  of  the  wind- 
ward ships  were  in  a  condition  to  second  his  attempt  to  stop  the 
fugitives.     He  did,  however,  all  that  could  possibly  be  done;  as 
they  passed  by  him,  he  received  and  returned  the  fire  of  each  in 
succession;  the  damage  he  sustained  in  this  contest  prevented 
him  from  tscking,  and  the  Admiral,  with  his  usual  judgment, 
gave  the  signal  for  recal.     In  the  morning  of  the  3d  of  August, 
there  remained  in  the  bay,  only  the  Timoleon  and  the  Ton- 
nant, of  the  French  line,  that  were  not  captured  or  destroyed. 
The  former  being  aground  near  the  coast,  the  Captain  (TruHet), 
with  his  crew,  escaped  in  their  boats,  after  setting  fire  to  her,  and 
in  a  short  time  she  blew  up.     A  flag  of  truce  had  been  sent  to 
the  Tonnant,  but  she  refused  to  submit;  on  which,  the  Theseus 
and  Leander  going  down  to  her,  and  the  Swiftsure  following,  she 
struck  without  further  resistance.    This  completed  the  conquest 
of  the  French  fleet  in  the  Bay  of  Aboukir;  and  the  British  fliag 
rode  triumphant  on  the  Egyptian  seas.** 

**  Victory  (said  Nelson),  in  one  of  his  letters,  is  certainly  not 
a  name  strong  enough  for  such  a  scene  as  I  have  passed:*'  he 
therefore  justly  styled  it  a  conquest;  in  which,  according  to  the 
comparative  force  of  the  English  and  French,  drawn  up  by  his 
order,  the  latter  had  a  superiority  of  184  guns,  and  of  3162  men. 
Of  these,  after  the  action,  5225  were  killed,  drowned,  burntj  or 
missing. 

Such  was  the  close  of  this  great  and  renowned  battle,  of  which 
the  beneficial  consequences  were  felt  throughout  the  civilized 
world.^ 

It  now  became  necessary  for  Nelson  to  refit  his  ships  at 
* 

^  On  the  loth  of  August,  Sir  Horatio  wrote  to  Lord  St.  Vincent  from  the 
mouth  of  the  Nile :  ^<  I  should  hare  sunk  under  the  fatigue  of  refitiing  the  sqna* 
dron,  but  for  Trowbridge,  Ball,  Hood,  a.id  Hallowell :  not  but  all  have  done  well; 
but  these  are  nay  supporteri."    CUrke,  JL  90. 


EARL  NELSON.  597 

Naples;  a  station  'which,  yet  untainted  by  the  intrigues  of  an 
Italian  court,  he  secretly  dreaded. 

The  Vanguard  arrived  at  Naples  on  September  22d;  and  Nel- 
Bon  was  received  by  the  Court  with  enthusiasm.  Among  these, 
the  King  and  Queen^  and  Sir  William  and  Lady  Hamilton,  were 
foremost.  On  September  30th,  he  wrote  thus  to  Lord  Sr.  Vin- 
cent :  *^  I  trust,  my  Lord,  in  a  week  we  shall  all  be  at  sea.  I 
am  very  unwell;  and  the  miserable  conduct  of  this  Court  is  not 
likely  to  cool  my  irritable  temper.  It  is  a  country  of  fiddlers  and 
poets,  whores  and  scoundrels."  * 

The  news  of  the  victory  of  the  Nile  did  not  reach  England  till 
the  morning  of  October  2d,  when  the  dispatches  were  brought  by 
the  Hon.  Captain  CVpel.  The  illustrious  Admiral  was  immediately 
advanced  to  the  Peerage,  by  the  title  of  Baron  Nelson,  of  tmb 
Nile,  and  of  Burnham'Thorpe,  in  the  county  of  Norfolk;  and  an 
annuity  of  20001.°*  a  year  was  conferred  on  ham,  and  the  two 
next  successors  to  the  Peerage.  The  great  man  had  now  completed 
his  fortieth  year. 

The  civilities  and  flatteries  of  Naples,  and  the  hospitable  and 
attractive  house  of  Sir  William  Hamilton,  soon  overcame  Lord 
Nelson's  natural  aversion  to  the  place. 

On  October  24th,  the  Admiral  arrived  off  Malta,  to  reinforce 
the  blockade  of  it,  which  had  been  intrusted  to  the  vigilance  and 
skill  of  Captain  Ball. 

In  November,  Lord  Nelson  returned  with  the  Vanguard  and 
Minotaur  to  Naples  Bay.  On  November  28th,  he  sailed  to  Leg- 
horn  roads,  to  take  possession  of  the  port  and  fortress  of  Leghorn. 
He  returned  to  Naples  December  5th.  The  aflFairs  of  that  king- 
dom were  now  in  a  desperate  state.  The  King  bad  placed  himself 
at  the  head  of  his  army,  of  which  the  command  was  committed 
to  General'  Mack^  The  troops,  by  a  strange  fatality,  had  been 
suffered  to  be  raised  by  a  French  emissary;  and  they  behaved  ac- 
cordingly; for,  whpn  they  approached  the  enemy,  they  took  to 
immediate  flight.  The  King  returned  home  December  14th,  and 
preparations  were  made  for  the  retreat  of  the  Boyal  family  to 
Sicily,  under  the  protection  of  Lord  Nelson.  On  the  2l8t,  the 
Royal  family  embarked  on  board  the  Vanguard;  which,  with 
other  ships,  left  the  Bay  of  Naples  on  the  23d.    They  arrived  on 

1  Captain  Hood,  in  the  Zealous;  w'lth  Captain  Hallowell,  in  the  Swiftsure^ 
&c.  were  }eft  off  Alexandria. 

■»  The  East  loilia  Company  conferr  J  on  hira  a  grant  of  iCi">ooU 


SOB  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

the  26th  at  Palermo^  where  the  Ro^rI  family,  with  Lord  Nelson, 
disembarked. 

From  the  time  of  the  King  of  Sicily's  retreat  from  his  metro- 
polis of  Naplefti  Lord  Nelson's  ship  became  eventually  his  Majesty's 
seat  of  government^  whence  the  royal  mandates  were  issued. 

A  great  object,  on  which  the  mind  of  Lord  Nelson  was  conti- 
iraally  intent  through  the  whole  of  the  year  1799*  "^^^  the  reduc- 
tion of  Malta,  by  the  vigilance  of  his  distinguished  associate^ 
Captain  Ball. 

On  February  I4th,  Lord  Nelson  was  advanced  to  be  Rear- 
Admiral  of  the  Red. 

On  March  31st,  the  CuUoden,  Zealous>  Minotaur^  St.  Sebas- 
tian^ Sea  Horse,  Perseus,  and  £1  Corso>  proceeded  under  the 
Admiral's  instnicUons  to  blockade  Naples.  This  detachment  was 
commanded  by  Captain  Troubridge,  who,  on  April  7th,  was  in 
complete  possession  of  Procida,  Ischia,  and  Capri. 

On  May  1 2th,  intelligence  was  received  at  Palermo,  that  the 
French  fleet  had  been  seen  off  Oporto.  They  had  escaped  the 
vigilance  of  Lord  Bridport  by  d  strong  gale  and  a  thick  fog.  On 
the  20th,  Lord  Nelson  left  Palermo;  and  having  called  in  the 
major  part  of  the  force  which  had  been  left  to  blockade  Naples^ 
sailed  to  the  northern  side  of  Maretimo.  Meantime  the  Bay  of 
Naples  was  left  to  the  command  of  Captain  Edward  James  Foote» 
of  the  Sea-Horse.  On  May  29th,  the  noble  Admiral  returned  to 
Palermo.  "  Hood  and  Hallowell  (says  he),  are  as  active  and 
good  as  ever)  not  that  I  mean  to  say  any  ate  otherwise;  but  yoa 
know  these  are  men  of  resources.** 

Lord  St.  Vincent  having,  though  in  a  dangerous  state  of  healdi, 
retained  the  conunand,  in  consequence  of  the  circumstances  that 
had  taken  place  in  the  Mediterranean,  till  the  apprehensions 
which  had  arisen  from  the  appearance  of  the  enem/s  squadron, 
had  In  some  measure  subsided ;°  Lord  Nelson  thus  wrote  to  him 
from  Palermo,  on  June  lOth :  "  We  have  reports,  my  Lord,  that 
you  are  thinking  of  going  home;  this  distresses  us  most  exceed- 
ingly, and  myself  in  particular:  so  much  so,  that  I  have  more 
than  serions  thoughts  of  itftuming,  if  that  event  should  take  place. 
But  for  the  sake  of  our  country,  do  not  quit  at  this  serious  mo- 
ment. I  wish  not  to  detract  firom  the  merit  of  whoever  may  be 
your  successor  J  but  it  must  take  a  length  of  time,  which  I  hope 
the  war  will  not  give>  to  be  in  any  manner  a  St  Vincent.    We 

A  Oo  June  %i6.  Lord  St.  Vinceat  ss^ed  from  Mafaon  for  EngiiiHt. 


EARL  NELSON.  Bg§ 

look  up  to  yoo,  as  we  have  always  foond  joa,  as  to  our  father, 
under  whose  fostering  care  we  have  been  led  to  fame.  If^  my 
dear  Lord,  I  have  any  weight  in  your  friendship,  let  me  entreat 
you  to  rouse  the  sleeping  lion;  give  not  up  a  particle  of  your  an* 
thority  to  any  one;  be  again  our  St.  Vincent,  and  we  shall  be 
happy.*' 

On  May  31st,  Lord  Nelson  received  a  reinforcement  from  Lord 
St«  Vincent,  in  consequence  of  which  he  shifted  his  flag  on  board 
the  Foudroyant. 

Cardinal  Ruffo  had  now  advanced  to  the  relief  of  Naples,  and 
had  been  powerfully  supported  by  the  detached  squadron;  firsts 
under  the  command  of  Captain  Troubridge,  then  of  Captain  Hood, 
and  now  of  Captain  Foote,  though  much  diminished  in  force.  On 
June  15tb,  the  castles  of  Revigliano  and  Castellamare  capitulated. 
On  the  17th,  Captain  Foote  proposed  to  co-operate  in  the  attack 
of  Castle  Uovo.     On  the  same  day,  the  Cardinal  requested  him 
to  try  what  he  could  do  to  bring  the  rebels  and  French  to  terms, 
as  they  refused  to  capitulate  to  an  Ecclesiastic;  on  which  he  sent 
in  Captain  Oswald,  on  the  iStb,  but  received  an  insolent  verbal 
answer.    He  now  resolved  seriously  to  attack  both  that  and  the 
fort  of  St.  Elmo.    On  the  19tb,  the  Cardinal,  to  his  surprize,  re- 
quested him  to  cease  hostilities,  as  a  negociation  had  taken  place. 
Captain  Foote  remonstrated;  the  Cardinal  defended  the  policy  of 
the  step;  and  the  same  day  sent  him  the  project  of  a  capitulation 
signed  by  himself,  and  the  Chief  of  the  Russians;  and  requested 
the  addition  of  his  signature.    Captain  Foote  expressed  doubts, 
and  hesitated;  but  at  length  sent  word  to  the  Cardinal,  that  he  had 
signed,  because  he  considered  the  Cardinal  '^  the  confidential  agent 
of  his  Sicilian  Majesty.'*    On  the  22d,  Captain  Foote  received  the 
capitulation  in  form,  signed  as  before.  ^'  I  signed  this  capitulation 
(says  Captain  Foote),  lest  on  a  reverse  of  fortune,  or  the  arrival 
of  the  enemy's  fleet,  it  might  have  been  asserted,  that  my  refusal 
was  the  cause- of  such  misfortunes  as  might  occur,  and  because  I 
considered  that  the  Cardinal  was  acquainted  with  the  will  and  in- 
tentions of  his  Sovereign;  and  the  Count  Thurn  had  told  me^ 
that  the  Chevalier  de  Micheroux  was  authorized  to  act  in  a  diplo- 
matique character.  I  never  was  consulted  by  the  Cardinal  relative 
to  the  capitulation;  and  I  had  neither  instructions,  nor  any  docu- 
ment to  assist  and  guide  me.** 

It  was  on  this  occasion  that  Lord  Nelson,  in  the  excess  of  bis 
zeal,  had  recourse  to  a  strong  measure;  which  has  not  only 
created  great  discussion^  but  drawn  serious  blame  00  his  conduct. 


000  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

both  at  home  and  abroad.  On  June  24th^  his  Lordship  having 
unezpecsedly  arrived  in  the  Bay  of  Naples,  with  seventeen  sail  of 
the  line,  the  Prince  Royal  on  board  the  Fondroyaot,  and  1/00 
troops  in  the  squadron,  threw  out  the  annulling  signal,  and  de' 
clared  the  treaty  to  be  invalid,  on  the  ground  that  Captain  Foote 
had  been  deceived  by  the  Cardinal  and  the  Neapolitan  officers.  This 
charge  having,  since  Lord  Nelson^s  death,  been  drawn  into  pub- 
licity, by  .the  indiscreet  manner  of  treating  it  in  Harrison's  Life 
of  the  Admiral,  has  drawn  forth  a  spirited  and  satis^ctory  vindi- 
cation from  Captain  Foote;^  and  it  must  be  admitted,  that  treaties 
signed  by  those  having  the  power  (which  was  the  case  witii  Cap- 
tain Foote  at  the  moment  of  the  signature,  for  he  was  then  un« 
questionably  first  in  command  on  the  station),  ought  to  be  held 
most  sacred;  and  that,  even  if  Lord  Nelson  had  good  cause  to 
disapprove  of  the  terms  of  a  treaty  so  signed,  he  had  no  right  .to 
break  it. 

An  additional  cause  of  censure  on  the  illustrious  Admiral  was, 
the  condemnation  and  execution  of  Admiral  Caraccioli.  The  pub- 
lished documents  certainly  give  strong  colour  to  the  charge  of  Ca- 
raccioli having  acted  as  an  ungrateful  traitor  to  his  King;  and  as  he 
appears  to  have  fled  from  the  castles  of  Uovoand  Nuovo,  previous  p 

^  Captaui  Edward  James  Foote  was  born  about  1 767,  the  youogesc  son  of  ibe 
Rev.  Francis  Header  Foote,*  of  Charlton-Piacej  in  Biahopsbourne,  near  Canter- 
bury, by  Miss  Mannyf  sister  of  the  late  Sir  Horatio  Mann,  K.B.  and  Bart, 
many  years  Minister  at  Florence.  The  present  Editor  can  bear  witness,  from 
personal  knowledge  of  the  most  intimate  kind,  that  he  was  remarkable  from  a 
child,  not  only  for  high  spirit,  and  a  lively  understanding,  but  for  the  kindest 
and  most  generous  disposition  j  and  the  most  unassailable  probity  of  heart. 
Though  separated  for  many  yeai*s  by  different  occupations,  and  the  tide  of  human 
affaire,  the  Editor  hopes  he  may  be  forgiven  by  C3ptain  Foote  for  this  tribute  to 
the  memory  of  a  boyish  friendship ! 

P  The  document*  which  I  have  yet  seen,  either  on  one  side  or  the  other,  do 
not  clearly  fix  this  important  date,  on  which  much  hinges. 

*  He  was  sun  of  a  Barrister,  who  married  a  Kentish  heiress ;  but  who  was  him- 
self of  Cornish  descent  1  and  sat,  I  think,  in  parliament,  for  a  Cornish  borough. 

Captain  Footers  nephew,  now  of  Charlton,  married  a  daughter  of  the  late  Bi- 
shop Keppel.     See  Vol.  III.  under  Alhemarle*  ^ 

•f  Their  father,  Robert  Mann,  Esq.  of  Linton,  in  Kent,  a  native  of  Ipswich, 
CO.  Suff".  and  a  great  contractor  for  clothing  the  army,  under  Sir  Robert  Wal. 
pole,  married  Eleanor,  daughter  and  heir  of  Christopher  Guise,  Esq.  of  Abbot's 
Court,  CO.  Gloucester  (younger  brother  to  William,  luicestor  to  the  present  Sir 
William  Berkeley  Guise,  Bart,  and)  third  son  of  Henry  Guise,  by  PhiKppa,  sister 
of  Sir  Thomas  Biydgesi  of  Keinsham  Abbey,  co.  Sofpcrset^  Knt. 


EARL  NELSON.  66l 

to  the  signatare  of  the  capitulation,  he  does  not  seem  to  have 
been  entitled  to  the  benefit  of  the  treaty.  But  a  court  martial 
(though  composed  of  his  own  countrymen),  held  on  board  the 
British  flag  ship,  the  Foudroyant,  is  said  not  to  have  been  a  cor- 
rect measure!  If  these  objections  to  the  conduct,  in  ihis  instance, 
of  the  immortal  hero  be  well-founded,  we  must  lament  the  errors 
of  humanity,  while  we  reflect  on  this  fresh  proof,  that  the  greatest 
of  terrestrial  beings  are  frail  and  imperfect  I  The  sight  of  a  suffer- 
ing Monarch,  driven  from  his  throne  by  intrigue,  perfidy,  and 
boundless  crimes,  may  surely  account  for  one  unhappy  moment  of 
excess  in  the  zealous  and  enthusiastic  mind  of  Nelson.  But  it 
must  not  be  concealed,  that  the  blandishments  of  the  Sicilian 
court  had  now  too  much  inebriated  the  Admiral's  virtuous  mind  I 

His  Sicilian  Majesty  on  his  return  to  Naples,  July  8th,  1^99, 
again  held  his  Court,  and  resided  on  board  Lord  Nelson*s  ship. 
His  Lordship's  attention  during  (his  month  was  principally  di- 
rected, together  with  the  re-establisliment  of  the  Royal  Family  in 
Naples,  to  the  siege  of  St.  Elmo,  the  subduing  of  Capua  and 
Gaieta,  and  the  safety  of  Minorca.  The  French  garrison  of  St. 
Elmo  surrendered  to  his  Neapolitan  Majesty  and  bis  allies,  under 
Captain  Troubridge,  on  July  12th;  soon  afterwards  Capua  and 
Gaieta  surrendered. 

.  During  the  proceedings  in  the  Bay  of  Naples,  Lord  Nelson  had 
returned  to  Palermo  with  the  Royal  Family,  and  Sir  William  and 
Lady  Hamilton.  The  Dukedom  and  royal  Feud  of  Buonte,  was 
now  conferred  on  the  Admiral  by  his  Sicilian  Majesty.  The  ca- 
pitulation uf  the  Roman  port,  Civita  Vecchia,  to  the  attack  con^ 
ducted  by  Captains  Hallowell,  Louis,  &c.  took  place  on  September 
26th. ^  During  the  remainder  of  this  year,  it  is  to  be  deeply 
lamented,  that  Lord  Nelson  became  too  much  a  prey  to  the  du- 
plicity and  intrigues  of  the  Neapolitan  Court. 

On  January  l6th,  1800,  the  Admiral  sailed  from  Palermo  in 

the  Foudroyant^  and  joined  Lord  Keith  on  the  20th,  at  Leghorn. 

On  January  26th,  he  left  Leghorn 5  and  touching  at  Palermo  in 

his  way,  proceeded  on  his  voyage  to  Malta.     He  remained  off 

Malta  till  March  Sth^  and  then  finding  himself  duly  growing 

worse,  witl)  an  internal  complaint  to  which  he  had  been  long 

subject,  he  requested  a  short  leave  of  absence,  and  on  the  J  6th, 

returned  to  Palermo.     On  April  l6th,  he  again  sailed  for  Malta, 

and  was  accompanied  by  Sir  William  and  Lady  Hamilton.   After 

I 

1  About  this  time  Captain  Troubridge  was  rewarded  by  a  Baronetage. 


002  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND 

remainbg  lome  time  at  Malta,  he  again  returned  witli  Sir  Wil« 
liam  and  Lady  Hamilton  to  Palermo.  On  June  8kh,  every  thing 
was  arranged  for  his  taking  lea?e  of  Sicily.  He  sailed  from  Pa« 
lermo  with  the  Fondroyant  and  Alexander  $  on  board  of  which 
were  the  Queen  of  Naples,  the  three  Princesses,  and  Prince  Leo- 
pold, Sir  William  and  Lady  Hamilton,  Prince  Casteldcala,  and 
their  attendants.    On  June  I4th,  they  arrived  at  Leghorn. 

Lord  Nelson,  having  now  leave  to  return  to  England,  resolved 
to  proceed  by  land.  During  his  journey  he  was  every  where  re* 
ceived  with  the  highest  honours.  He  remained  about  a  month  at 
Leghorn,  thence  proceeded  to  Florence;  and  passing  throngh 
Ancona  and  Vienna,  where  he  left  the  Queen,  by  whom  he  had 
been  introduced  to  the  Emperor  and  Empress,  he  visited  the 
Archduke  Charles  at  Prague^  and  from  thence  went  through 
Dresden  and  Magdcburgb,  to  Hamburgh.  He  landed  at  Yar- 
mouth, November  Olh,  1800,  xt.  42. 

On  November  Qth,  Lord  Nelson  reached  London,  with  Sir 
William  and  Lady  Hamilton;  and  with  them  went  immediately 
to  his  venerable  father,  and  Lady  Nelson.  The  whole  metropolis 
exulted  at  his  arrival.  Wherever  he  appeared,  he  was  followed 
with  mingled  astonishment,  and  even  veneration,  by  the  thronging 
multitude,  as  a  being  of  a  superior  nature. 

On  January  1st,  1801,  his  Lordship  was  advanced  to  be  Vice- 
Admiral  of  the  Blue.  On  January  l^ih,  his  flag  was  hoisted  on 
board  the  San  Josef,  1 12  guns,  at  Plymouth ;  and  soon  afterwards, 
he  shifted  his  flag  to  the  St.  George,  preparator)'  to  his  going  to 
the  Baltic,  as  second  in  command  under  Sir  Hyde  Parker.  On 
February  20th,  he  sailed  from  Torbay  for  Portsmouth.  On  March 
Qth,  he  was  at  Yarmouth. 

On  March  24th,  his  Lordship  arrived  off  the  point  of  Elsineur* 
On  the  26th,  the  whole  fleet  sailed  for  the  Great  Belt;  bi^t,  after 
proceeding  a  few  leagues,  this  course  was  changed,  principally  at 
his  Lordship's  instigation.  On  the  2C)th,  Nelson  shifled  his  flag 
from  the  St.  George  to  the  Elephant,  Captain  Foley,^  in  order  to 
carry  on  his  operations  in  a  lighter  ship.  On  the  30lh,  the  fleet 
proceeded  in  order  of  battle;  Lord  Nelson*s  division  in  the  vans 
Sir  Hyde  Parker*s  (the  Commander  in  Chief),  in  the  centre i  and 
Admiral  Graves  in  the  rear.  The  Danish  batteries  opened  a  firfe 
with  nearly  one  hundred  pieces  of  cannon  and  mortars,  as  soon  aa 

^  A  native  of  Pembrokeshire,  and  now  an  Admiral.  He  has  since  married  a 
sister  of  the  late  Duke  of  Leinster)  and  it  settled  at  Abemarles,  in  Carmarthcfl- 
shire. 


EARL  NELSON.  60$ 

the  leading  ship,  the  Monarch,  carae  abreast  of  them,  and  conti* 
nned  in  one  uninterrupted  blaze  during  the  passage  of  the  fleet; 
to  the  no  small  amusement  of  the  crews,  none  of  whom  receiired 
any  injury,  except  from  the  bursting  of  dne  of  their  own  guns. 
The  whole  came  to  anchor  about  mid-day,  between  the  island  ot 
Huen  and  Copbitbagen.  The  whole  Danish  line  of  defence, 
from  one  extreme  point  to  the  other,  embraced  an  extent  of 
nearly  four  miles.  "  During  the  interval  that  preceded  the  battle 
(said  an  eye-witness),  I  could  only  silently  admire,  when  I  saw 
t^e  first  man  in  all  the  world  spend  the  hours  of  the  day  and 
night  in  boats,  amidst  floating  ice,  and  in  the  severest  weather; 
and  wonder  when  the  light  shewed  me  a  path  marked  with  buoys^ 
which  had  been  trackless  the  preceding  evening.*' 

On  April  1st,  Lord  Nelson  was  detached  with  twelve  sail  of 
the  line,  and  a  proportionate  number  of  smaller  vessels,  from  the 
main  body  of  the  fleet,  then  lying  about  four  miles  below  Copen<« 
hagen ;  and  coasted  along  the  outer  edge  of  the  shoal,  called  the 
Middle  Ground,  till  he  doubled  its  farthest  extremity,  when  the 
fleet  came  to  anchor.  This  shoal  is  directly  opposite  the  sea-front 
of  the  town,  at  about  the  distance  of  three  quarters  of  a  mile. 
The  interval  between  it  and  the  shore,  called  the  King's  Channel, 
has  deep  water;  and  there  the  Danes  had  arranged  their  line  of 
defence,  consisting  of  nineteen  ships  and  floating  batteries^  flanked 
by  the  Croum  latteries  $  leaving  intervals  for  the  batteries  on  shor6 
to  play. 

Lord  Nelson  spent  the  whole  night  in  consultation.  At  half 
past  nine  A.  M.  of  April  2d,  the  Agamemnon  got  on  the  edge  of 
the  shoal;  and  the  same  misfortune  successively  befel  the  Russell 
and  Polyphemus.  A  mind  less  invincible  than  Nelson's  might 
have  been  discouraged.  The  signal  to  bear  down  was  kept  flying. 
"  His  agitation  during  these  moments  was  extreme.  It  was  not, 
however,  the  agitation  of  indecision,  but  of  ardent  animated  pa** 
triotism,  panting  for  glory;  which  had  appeared  within  his  reach, 
and  was  vanishing  from  his  grasp.*'  In  succession,  as  each  ship 
arrived  nearly  opposite  to  her  number  in  the  Danish  line,  she  let 
her  anchor  go  by  the  stern,  the  wind  nearly  aft,  and  presented 
her  broadside  to  the  enemy. 

The  action  began  at  five  minutes  past  ten.  In  about  half  aa 
hour  afterwards,  the  first  half  of  the  fleet  was  engaged;  and  be- 
fore half  past  eleven,  the  battle  became  general.  The  Elephanfs 
station  was  in  the  centre,  opposite  the  Danish  Commodore,  who 
commanded  the  Dannebrog,  62.  The  contest  in  general,  although 


(jOi  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

from  the  relaxed  state  of  the  enemy's  fire,  it  might  not  have 
given  room  for  much  apprehension  as  to  the  result,  had  at  one 
P.  M.  not  declared  itself  in  fsivour  of  either  side. 

About  this  juncture, '  and  in  this  posture  of  affairs,  the  signal 
was  thrown  out  on  board  the  London  (Sir  Hyde  Parker),  for  the 
action  to  cease.     '*  Lord  Nelson  was  at  this  time,  as  he  had  been 
through  the  whole  action,  walking  the  starboard  side  of  the 
quarter*deck;  sometimes  much  animated,  and  at  others  heroically 
fine  in  his  observations.     A  shot  through  the  mainmast  knocked 
a  few  splinters  about  him  j  he  observed  with  a  smile,  /(  is  warm 
work,  and  this  day  may  be  the  last  to  any  of  us  at  a  moment;  and 
then  added,  with  emotion,  but  mark  you,  I  would  not  be  elsewhere 
for  thousands.    When  the  signal.  No.  39,  was  made,  the  signal- 
lieutenant  reported  it  to  him.     He    continued  his  walk,  an  J  did 
not  appear  to  take  notice  of  it.     The  Lieutenant  meeting  him  at 
the  next  turn,  asked,  Whether  he  should  repeat  it?  Lord  Nelson 
answered.  No,  acknowledge  it.    On  the  officer  returning  to  the 
poop,  his  Lordship  called  after  him.  Is  No.  16  (signal  for  close 
action,  which  had  been  flying  from  the  beginning),  still  hoisted? 
The  Lieutenant  answering  in  the  affirmative;  Lord  Nelson  said. 
Mind  you  keep  it  so.     He  now  walked  the  deck  considerably  agi- 
tated; which  was  always  knov^n,  by  his  moving  the  stump  of  his 
right  arm.     After  a  turn  or  two,  he  said  to  the  relator,  in  a  quick 
manner.  Do  you  know  what^s  shewn  on  board  the  Commander  in 
Chief?  No.  39.    On  asking  him,  what  that  meant?  he  answered, 
Why,  to  leave  off"  action  I  Leave  ojf  action,  he  repeated,  and  then 
added  with  a  shrug,  Now,  damn  me  if  I  do!  He  also  observed  to 
Captain  Foley,  You  know,  Foley,  1  have  only  one  eye^;  J  have  a 
right  to  he  blind  sometimes;  and  then  with  an  archness  peculiar  ' 
to  his  character,  putting  the  glass  to  his  blind  eye,  he  exclaimed, 
/  really  do  not  see  the  signal/  This  remarkable  signal  was  there- 
fore only  acknowledged  on  board  the  Elephant,  not  repeated.** 

The  action  now  continued  with  unabated  vigour.  About  two 
P.  M.  the  greater  part  of  the  Danish  line  had  ceased  to  fire:  some 
of  the  lighter  ships  were  adrift,  and  the  carnage  on  board  of  the 
enemy,  who  reinforced  their  crews  from  the  shore,  was  dreadful. 
The  taking  possession,  however,  of  such  ships  as  had  struck,  was 
attended  with  difficulty.  The  Dannebrog  at  length  drifted  in 
flames  before  the  wind^  spreading  terror  through  the  enemy's 
line.     She  drifted  to  leeward;  and  at  half  past  three  blew  up. 

A  little  before  this  event.  Lord  Nelson  sent  a  flag  on  shore. 
He  took  occasion  for  this^  partly  because  of  the  fire  which  the 


EARL  KELSON.  605 

enemy  continued  on  our  boats^  as  they  approached  to  take  posses- 
sion of  our  prizes.  This  was  the  address  to  the  Crown  Pribce: 
"  To  ihe  brothers  of  Eng/iskynen,  ike  brave  Danes.  Vice- Admiral 
Lord  Nelson  has  been  commanded  to  spare  Denmark,  when  she 
no  longer  resists.  The  line  of  defence  which  covered  her  shores, 
has  struck  to  the  British  flag.  Let  the  firing  cease  then,  that  he 
may  take  possession  of  his  prizes,  or  he  will  blow  them  into  the 
air  along  with  their  crews,  who  have  so  nobly  defended  them. 
The  brave  Danes  are  the  brothers,  and  should  never  be  the.  ene-^ 
mies  of  the  English.**  The  animated  fire  of  the  ships  continued; 
and  the  approach  of  two  additional  ships  from  the  division  of  the 
Commander  in  Chief,  caused  the  remainder  of  the  enemy's  line 
to  the  eastward  of  the  Trekoner  to  strike 3  but  that  formidable 
work  continued  to  fire.  The  firing  fi-om  the  Crown  Battery,  and 
from  our  leading  ships,  did  not  cease  till  past  three  o'clock,  when 
the  Danish  Adjutant-general,  Lindholm,  returning  with  a  flag  of 
truce,  directed  the  fire  of  the  battery  to  be  suspended:  on  which 
the  signal  for  doing  the  same  on  our  part  was  immediately  made; 
and  the  action  closed,  afler  five  hours  duration^  four  of  which 
were  warmly  contested. 

Lindholm*s  message  was  to  ask  the  object  of  Nelson's  note. 
Nelson  answered,  *'  Humanity :  he  therefore  consents  that  hos- 
tilities  shall  cease,  and  that  the  wounded  Danes  may  be  taken  on 
shore.  And  Lord  Nelson  will  take  his  prisoners  out  of  the  ves- 
sels, and  burn  and  carry  off  his  prizes,  as  he  shall  think  fit.  Lord 
Nelson,  with  humble  duty  to  his  H.  R.  H.  the  Prince  of  Denmark^ 
will  consider  this  the  greatest  victory  he  has  ever  gained^  if  it 
may  be  the  cause  of  a  happy  reconciliation  and  union  between  his 
own  most  gracious  Sovereign,  and  his  Majesty  the  King  of  Den- 
mark." With  this  reply,  he  referred  Lindholm  to  the  Commander 
in  Chief,  who  was  at  anchor  at  least  four  miles  off,  for  a  confer- 
ence on  its  contents.  Lindholm  consented;  and  Nelson  took  the 
opportunity  of  so  iong  a  row  out  to  sea,  to  clear  his  leading  ships 
which  were  much  crippled,  from  the  shoals.  *'  Had  there  been 
no  cessation  of  hostilities,  their  situation  would  certainly  have 
been  perilous;  but  it  should  be  observed  on  the  other  hand,  that 
measures  would  in  that  case  have  been  adopted,  and  they  were 
within  our  power,  for  destroying  the  formidable  work,"  to  which 
they  were  exposed. 

Lord  Nelson  followed  Lindholm,  about  four  o'clock^  to  the 
Commander  in  Chief.  "  He  was  low  in  spirits  at  the  surround- 
ing scene  of  devastation;  and  particularly  felt  for  the  blowing  up 


000  PEEEA6E  OP  ENGLAND. 

of  the  Daonebrog.  Will  (he  Mid),  1  have  fought  contrary  to  or^ 
ders,  and  I  shall  perhaps  be  hanged:  never  mind,  let  them.  On 
Lindbo1cD'«  retarn,  it  was  agreed  that  all  priacs  ahooid  be  surren- 
dered; and  the  saspensiOD  of  hogtilities  to  continue  for  twenty- 
four-hours:  the  whole  of  the  Danish  wonnded  to  be  received  oo 
shore. 

On  the  3d,  it  was  resolved  that  Lord  Nelson  sboald  wait  on 
the  Prince  Regent  the  ensuing  day.  Accordingly,  on  the  4th  he 
left  the  ship,  accompanied  by  Captains  Hardy  and  Frcooantle, 
and  was  received  by  the  Prince  with  all  possible  attention.  The 
populace  shewed  a  mixture  of  admiration,  curiosity,  and  displea* 
sure;  and  a  strong  guard  was  necessary  for  his  protection.  It 
perhaps  savoured  of  rashness,  thus  early  to  risk  himself  anoong 
them;  but  with  him,  bis  country's  cause  was  paramount  to  all 
personal  considerations* 

The  negociation  continued;  and  on  the  9th  Lord  Nelson 
landed  again;  when  the  crowd  shewed  more  satisfaction  than 
before.  The  negociation  seeming  likely  at  one  time  to  be  broken 
off  on  the  point  of  duration,  one  of  the  Danish  Commissioners 
hinted  at  the  renewal  of  hostilities.  Lord  Nelson  hearing  him, 
turned  to  one  of  his  friends,  and  said.  Renew  hostilities!  Tell  him 
that  we  ore  ready  at  a  moment,  ready  to  bombard  this  very 
night. 

The  Prince  at  length  acceded  to  an  armistice  of  fourteen  weeks 
duration.  On  the  succeeding  day,  April  10th,  the  Dapish  Com- 
missioners repaired  to  the  London,  where  the  terms  were  finally 
ratified  by  the  Commander  in  Chief. 

<<  Great  as  had  been  the  courage  (said  Mr.  Addington  in  hta 
modon  for  thanks),  great  as  had  been  the  skill  and  the  success^ 
which  had  been  previously  shewn  by  the  illustrious  Admiral  at 
Aboukir,  they  have  been  equalled  <n-  surpassed  by  the  ability  that 
was  displayed  iti  his  attack  on  the  Danish  fleet  moored  for  the 
defence  of  Copenhagen.  /  must  add,  that  Lord  Nelson  has 
proved  himself  as  wise  as  he  is  brave;  and  has  clearly  ascertained, 
that  the  tcUents  of  a  warrior  and  a  statesman  may  be  united  in  the 
same  person.'*  *'  It  is  impossible  (said  Lord  St.  Vincent),  for  me 
to  describe  the  aatisfiiction  expressed  by  his  Majesty,  iiis  ooofi- 
dential  servants,  and  the  whole  body  of  the  people,  at  toe  conduct 
of  your  Lordship,  and  the  officers^  seamen,  marines,  and  scrfdiers, 
who  served  under  your  auspices  on  the  2d  instant;  and  ail  are 
equally  well  disposed  to  give  credit  to  your  zeal  as  a  nego- 
tiator." 


£ARL  NELSON.  60f 

Lord  Nelson  was  now  appointed  Commander  in  Chief  of  the 
fleet,  as  snccessor  to  Sir  Hyde  Parker  |  and  on  May  7tb,  sailed 
with  a  chosen  squadron  from  them,  consisting  of  his  ten  best 
sailing  seventy-fours,  two  frigates,  a  brig,  and  a  schooner,  for  the 
port  of  Revel.  He  wished  to  ascertain  the  friendly  disposition  of 
the  Russians,  by  trying  bow  he  should  be  received  in  one  of  their 
ports.  A  favourable  wind  brought  them,  on  May  12th,  into  Revel 
roads;  where  he  Was  rather  disappointed  at  not  finding  the  Rus- 
sian fleet.  A  friendly  message  was  f;ent  on  shore  to  the  governor. 
Cordial  declarations  of  amity  were  returned.  Lord  Nelson  went 
on  shore  en  May  13th,  and  was  received  with  all  military  honours f 
on  the  14th,  the  governor  returned  the  visit  on  board  the  St, 
George. 

Lord  Nelson's  letter  having  been  forwarded  to  the  Emperoo 
an  answer  was  received  from  Petersburgh,  on  May  l6th.  It  pro- 
fessed amicable  intentions;  but  declared  surprize  at  the  arrival  of 
a  British  fleet  in  a  Russian  port.  It  was  accompanied  by  a  letter 
from  Governor  Salken,  expressing  a  wish  that  the  British  fleet 
should  retire  from  the  anchorage  of  Revel.  Lord  Nelson  in  his 
answer,  shewed  indignation  at  doubts  regarding  the  motives  of 
his  visit;  but  concluded,  with  his  intention  of  retiring;  and  im- 
mediately made  the  signal  for  preparing  to  weigh.  At  dawn  of 
day  they  proceeded  down  the  Baltic.  Lord  Nelson  then  went 
with  a  few  of  his  ships  to  Rostock  Bay. 

On  his  arrival  at  Rostock,  May  26th,  1801,  he  received  a  replj 
from  the  Russisn  Minister  to  his  last  answer.  The  eflect  intended 
bj  that  answer  bad  been  fully  felt  at  Petersburgh.  A  more  flat- 
tering communication  was  perhaps  never  made  from  a  Sovereign, 
than  was  conveyed  in  the  Minister's  reply.  It  apologized  for  any 
misconception  of  his  Lordship's  views  in  having  entered  Revel 
roads;  it  expressed  an  anxious  wish,  that  peace  should  be  restored 
on  the  most  solid  basis;  and  in  a  particular  manner,  invited  Lord 
Nelson  to  Petersburgh,  in  whatever  mode  might  be  moat  agree* 
able  to  himself. 

The  St.  George  made  her  last  cruize,  with  Lord  Nelson's  flag 
on  board,  off  Bomholm,  between  the  gth  and  13th  of  June;  on 
which  latter  day,  he  received  the  sanction  of  the  Admiralty  for 
hia  return  to  England.  Sir  Charies  Morrice  Pole  arrived  a  few 
days  afterwards  in  the  ^olus  frigate,  and  received  the  chief  com- 
mand. Lord  Nelson's  resignation  was  attended  with  infinite 
ragret  to  the  wfade  fleet.  For  these  great  services  in  the  Baltic> 
his  Lordship  was  advanced  to  the  title  of  Viscount  Nelson^  by 


606  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

patent,  dated  May  22d»  1 801 ;  and  in  little  more  than  two  months 
afterwards  was  gratified  by  the  grant  of  a  collateral  Peerage  to  his 
family,  by  the  title  of  Babon  Nelson,  op  thb  Nile,  and  of 
Hilbofougkp  in  Norfolk,  with  remainder  to  his  father,  and  the 
heirs  male  of  <his  body ;  with  remainder  to  his  sisters,  Mrs.  Bolton, 
and  Mrs.  Matcbam,  in  succession^  and  the  heirs  male  of  their 
their  bodies. 

Lord  Nelson  landed  at  Yarmouth  July  1st,  1801.  !During  this 
Summer,  an  invasion  of  Great  Britain,  by  Francei  being  ezpecied, 
it  was  the  general  wish  of  the  nation  that  this  illustrious  hero 
should  be  the  guardian  of  the  Southern  coast,  where  it  was  ex- 
pected that  the  enemy  would  make  the  attempt;  and  he  w^as 
appointed  Commander  in  Chief  of  a  squadron  of  ships  and  vessels 
employed  on  this  service. 

On  July  30th,  the  Admiral  reached  Deal,  to  embark  in  the 
Downs.  The  first  point  to  which  he  directed  his  attention,  was 
to  ascertain  the  possibility  of  destroying  the  enemy's  vessels  in  the 
harbour  of  Boulogne.  On  August  2d,  he  was  off  this  place  to 
reconnoitre  it.  On  the  next  day  the  bombs  were  set  at  work) 
but  were  called  ofi^^  after  firing  ten  or  twelve  shells.  On  August 
4th,  the  bombs  anchored,  at  half-past  five,  abreast  of  the  town; 
and  sunk  two  large  floating  batteries,  and  forced  one  large  gun- 
brig  to  cut  her  cables,  and  run  on  shore*;  but  what  damage  was 
done  inside  the  pier  could  not  be  ascertained.  Nothing  but  this 
great  man*s  sense  of  duty  induced  him  to  continue  in  this  com* 
mand.  ^'  I  own  (said  he),  that  this  boat  warfare  is  not  exactly 
congenial  to  my  feelings;  and  I  find  I  get  laughed  at  for  my  puny 
mode  of  ^attack.  I  shall  be  happy  to  lead  the  way  into  Uelvoet 
or  Flushing,  if  Government  will  turn  their  thoughts  to  it:  whilst 
I  serve,  I  will  do  it  actively,  and  to  the  very  tKrst  of  my  abi- 
lities." 

On  August  l6th.  Lord  Nelson  sent  to  Lord  St.  Vincent  an  ac- 
count of  his  unsuccessful  attack  on  Boulogne,  from  on  board  the 
Medusa,  off  that  port;  in  which  he  says,  "  I  am  sorry  to  teli 
you,  that  I  have  not  succeeded  in  bringing  out,  or  destroying  the 
enemy's  flotilla,  moored  in  the  mouth  of  the  harbour  of  Boulogne. 
The  most  astonisl  ing  bravery  ./as  evinced  by  many  of  our  officers 
and  men;  and  Captains  Somerville,  Cotgrave,  and  Parker,  exerted 
themselves  to  the  utmost.  It  was  their  misfortune  to  be  sent  on 
a  service,  in  which  the  precautions  of  the  enemy  had  rendered  it 
imppssible  to  succeed.  We  have  lost  many  brave  officers  and 
men;  172  killed  and  wounded.    The  loss  has  been  heavy;  and 


EARL  NfiLSON.  609 

the  object  wds  great.  The  flotilla,  brigs^  and  flats^  were  moored 
by  the  bottom  to  the  shore,  aad  to  each  other,  with  chains ; 
therefore,  although  several  of  them  were  carried,  yet  the  very 
heavy  fire  from  the  musquetry  from  the  shore  which  overlooked 
the  flotilla,  forced  our  people  to  desist,  without  being  able,  as  I 
am  told,  to  set  them  on  fire."  In  his  public  letter.  Lord  Nelson 
added,  that  "  owing  to  the  darkness  of  the  night,  with  the  tide 
and  half-tide,  which  must  always  make  attacks  in  the  night  on 
the  coasts  of  the  channel  very  uncertain,  the  divisions  separated  j 
and  fipom  all  not  arriving  at  the  same  happy  moment  with  Captain 
Parker,*  is  to  be  attributed  the  want  of  success.*' 

On  October  10th,  1801,  General  Lauriston,  first  Aid-de-Camp 
to  Bonaparte,  arrived  in  London  with  the  ratification  of  the  Pre- 
liminaries of  Peace.  Lord  Nelson  soon  afterwards  returned  to 
England,  and  went  to  the  villa  he  had  purchased  at  Merton« 
During  the  short  interval  of  peace,  he  had  an  opportunity  of  dis- 
playing his  abilities  as  a  Senator,  in  the  House  of  Peers.  When- 
ever he  spoke,  the  House  was  particularly  attentive  to  the  infor* 
nation  and  integrity  which  appeared  in  his  observations. 

On  February  6th,  1802,  his  Lordship  received  the  notification 
of  his  being  elected  a  Knight  of  the  Cbapteral  Ordbe  op  St. 
Joachim,^  a  continental  order,  whos^  chapters  had  been  chiefly 
held  in  Franconia)  into  which  he  was  the  first  Englishman  who* 
had  been  chosen.  He  accepted  it  with  a  sense  of  the  distinction, 
which  highly  gratified  the  Order,  who  were  fully  sensible  of  the 
lustre  which  his  enrollment  reflected  on  them." 

On  April  26th,  1802,  he  lost  his  excellent  father,  who  expired 
at  Bath,  in  the  seventy-ninth  year  of  his  age.  In  July  of  this 
year,  to  recruit  his  health  and  spirits,  he  made  a  tour  into  Wales^ 
and  through  the  midland  counties,  in  company  with  Sir  William 

•  Captain  P^ker  died  of  his  wounds.  Thtst  did  the  tender  heart  of  Nelson 
speak  of  him,  while  lingering  in  his  last  agonies :  «  Dear  Parker  is  my  child  $ 
for  I  found  him  in  distress.  I  am  prepared  for  the  worst,  although  I  itill  hope. 
I  would  come  to  shore,  and  nurse  him,  could  I  be  useful.  Say  every  thing  that 
is  kind  for  me  to  his  father ;  and  if  my  Parker  has  still  hb  recollection,  say^ 
*  Ood  bicss  himl'  **  After  his  death,  the  weeping  hero  thus  wrote  to  Dr.  Bairdt 
'*  You  will  judge  of  my  feelings  i  God's  will  be  done !  t  beg  that  his  hair  may 
be  cot  cflF,  and  given  to  me.    It  shall  be  buried  in  my  grave.** 

<  The  King's  warrant  to  wear  the  insignia  of  this  order,  Is  dated  15th  Julyy 
1802. 

tt  This  IS  a  tribute  due  from  one^  who  has  been  himself  since  ^stinguisbed 
(however  undeservedly},  by  an  election  into  the  same  Older,  on  Rovember  joth, 
1807.    Ediiw. 

VOL.  y.  a  II 


610  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

and  Lady  Hamiltoo ;  and  on  returning  to  Merton,  was  prindpaUj 
occupied  in  his  little  farm^  and  in  directing  the  alterations  he  had 

projected. 

The  Spring  of  1803  saw  the  termination  of  that  short-lived  and^ 
&tal  peace,  which,  as  many  wise  men  foresaw,  has  been  pregnant 
with  sQch  dreadful  consequences  to  alF  Europe.  Lord  Nel8<m 
was  now  in  his  forty-fifth  year.  He  was  immediately  selected  as 
Commander  in  Chief  in  the  Mediterranean  5  and  his  appointment 
bears  date  May  l6ih,  1803.  Oft  the  18th  he  went  to  Portsmouth, 
and  hoisted  his  flag  on  board  the  Victory.  He  sailed  on  the  20th ; 
went  on  the  22d  to  the  Black  Rocks,  off  Brest,  to  meet  Admiral 
Comwallis,  who  had  been  blown  off  hb  station  1  and  on  the  23d, 
shifted  hb  flag  on  board  the  Amphion,  and  proceeded*  to  the  Me^ 
diterranean.  He  arrived  at  Gibraltar  on  June  Sd'^  and  on  the 
15th  reached  Malta.  On  the  25thi  he  got  off  Naples.  On  July 
gth,  he  joined  the  fleet.  On  the  30th,  the  Victory  joined  tha 
fleeti  and  Lord  Nelson  shifted  his  flag  on  board  from  the  Am- 
phion. On  August  24th,  he  was  off  Toulon;  in  this  station  he 
continued,  00  and  off,  till  December  7th.  He  then  took  up  his 
^Winter's  station  under  St.  Sebastian,  to  avoid  the  heavy  seas  io 

the  Gulf." 

On  January  26th,  1 804,  the  fleet  anchored  at  Madelena,  as  a 
central  situation  which  defended  Sardinia,  and  enabled  the  Admi- 
ral to  cover  Naples,  and  to  be  in  the  way  of  roeedng  the  enemy. 
Intelligence  was  now  received*  that  the  Toubn  fleet  was  reMy  to 
put  to  sea.  On  April  5th  they  came  out,  and  went  in  again  the 
next  day.  On  May  24th  they  again  came  out,  while  the  main 
body  of  our  fleet  were  out  of  sight  of  land;  and  after  havag 
vainly  endeavoured  to  bring  to  action  the  small  detachment  of 
our's  left  to  rcconnoitJPcj  during  which,  however,  a  partial  firing 
was  kept  up  from  our  ships;  thqr  returned  back  to  their  har- 

Jbour. 

On  July  31st,  the  British  fleet  took  shelter  from  the  prevailing 
winds  in  the  Gulf  of  Pahna.  Towards  the  end  of  August  he  was 
convinced  that  the  French  fleet  was  on  the  eve  of  sailing  from 
Toulon.    About  this  time  the  French  Admiral,  La  Touche,  waa 

taken  ill,  and  died. 
Notwithstaj^ing  the  weak  state  of  his  health.  Lord  Nelsoa 

s  On  Desembcr  Axd,  he  endeavoured,  hj  hii  correspondence  with  Mmistry, 
to  impress  on  them  the  oecessltj  of  securing  Strdinia  to  this  country }  as  others 
wise  the  French  fMuld  infallibI]E  tome  day  tcixe  it. 


£ARL  nelson.  6ii 

Vbuld  never  leave  his  ship.  On  October  17tb,  he  carried  his 
fleet  to  the  Madelena  Islands,  for  wood,  water,  and  other  neces^ 
saries;  and  although  the  Royal  Family  of  Sardinia  were  at  all 
times  ready  td  shew  every  attention  to  their  gallant  preserver,  he 
refased  all  indulgence,  and  persisted  in  his  determination  of  re- 
maining on  board.  On  October  26th,  the  fleet  got  ander  weigh 
at  Madelena;  and  on  the  dOth,  the  Admiral  looked  into  Toulon^ 
where  Vice- Admiral  Vllleneuve  had  hoisted  his  flag. 

Daring  the  night  of  November  r4Eth,  intelligence  arrived  in  the 
Mediterranean,  that  the  Spaniards  had  declared  war. 

On  January  9th,  1805,  the  fleet  again  anchored  at  Madelena. 
On  the  I8tb,  the  Toulon  fleet  put  to  sea.  The  Admiral  imaitS^ 
diately  went  in  pursuit  of  them.  In  his  Lordship's  opinion,  Egypt 
was  decidedly  the  great  object  of  the  French;  and  he  therefore 
determined  to  pursue  their  fleet  thither.  The  land  of  Egypt  was 
accordingly  (nade  by  the  Canopus,  one  of  the  squadron,  on  Fe- 
bruary 4th  3  and  Captain  MallowelU  of  the  Hgre,  was  sent  into 
Alexandria  on  the  7th,  but  returned  next  day  with  intelligence, 
that  the  enemy's  fleet  had  not  been  seen  or  heard  of  at  Alexan- 
dria. Lord  Nelson  then  bore  up,  and  steered  for  Malta.  He 
soon  afterwards  received  intelligence  that  the  enemy,  after  having 
dispersed  in  a  gale  of  wind,  had  been  compelled  to  return  into 
Toulon  harbour. 

On  February  27th,  after  this  unsuccessful  pursuit,  his  Lordship 
was  compelled,  by  violent  gales  of  wind,  to  anchor  his  fleet  in  the 
Bay  of  FuUa,  Sardinia ;  and  again,  on  March  8tb,  in  the  Gulf  of 
Palma. 

At  the  close  of  March,  he  had  nearly  given  up  aU  hope  of  the 
French  fleet  again  leaving  Totilon;  and  he  had  determined  to  re- 
turn to  England  to  reCruit  his  health.  But  unexpectedly  Vllle- 
neuve again  sailed  on  the  morning  of  Mar^h  31st.  He  was  seen 
by  our  lookKnit  ships  on  April  4th.  On  April  7tfa,  the  British 
fleet  bore  up  for  Palermo,  to  cover  Sicily;  but  not  obtaining  any 
information  there,  from  April  10th  the  Adiniral  used  every  pos- 
sible exertion  to  get  to  the  westward.  It  was  then  ascertained, 
that  the  French  had  passed  the  Straits  of  Gibraltar  on  the  8tb. 
About  the  30th,  Nelson  got  in  sight  of  Gibraltar.  At  this  time 
.  his  suflferings  were  extreme,  from  the  adverse  state  of  the  winds. 
On  May  7th,  he  anchored  in  Rosia  ^,  Gibraltar;  but  the  same 
day,  the  whole  was  again  under  sail,  steering  through  the  Straits. 

At  length,  af^r  deep  deliberation,  this  great  man  made  up  his 
jnindf  00  April  27th^  thft  the  enemy  had  gone  to  theWest  Indies. 


612  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

He  made  Madeira  on  Maj  15th;  and  reached  Barbadoes  on  Jane 
4th.  Whence  the  fleet  arrived  off  Great  Courlaad  Bay«  Tobago^ 
on  June  6th  i  but  on  entering  the  Gulf  of  Paria  on  the  7th,  no 
enemy  was  to  be  seen.  It  soon  appeared^  that  on  the  4th  thejr 
were  at  Fort  Royal^  Martinique}  and  on  Saturday  the  Stb,  were 
to  leeward  of  Antigua,  standing  to  the  northward.  The  Admiral 
thea  apticipated,  with  his  usual  sagacity,  that  they  were  pushing 
for  Europe  to  get  out  of  Ixis  way;  and  the  moment  hisv  mind  was 
thoroughly  made  up  on  the  point,  he  detennined  to  stand  for  the 
Straits  mouth. 

**  Thus  in  the  short  space  of  eight  days  had  this  great  Admiral 
jec}ired  our  West  India  Colonies  from  that  plunder  and  havoc, 
with  which  they  had  been  threatened  by  the  combined  fleets  o£ 
France  and  Spain  >  during  which,  he  had  received  on  board  and 
disembarked  2000  troops,  had  entered  the  Gulf  of  Paria,  and,  sur> 
mounting  the  various  obstacles  that  combined  to  retard  his  pro- 
gress, had  shewn  his  protecting  power  to  every  island  in  the  chain 
of  Trinidad  to  St.  Kitfs.  With  a  very  inferior  fleet,  by  the  terror 
of  his  name,  he  bad  compelled  them  to  fly  to  Europe  on  the  first 
tidings  of  his  approach  ^  and  be  immediately  resolved,  without  a 
mpment*s  delay^  or  any  information  of  their  route,  again  to  pursue 
then)  across  the  Atlantic,  and  to  trust  to  his  own  judgment  to* 
discover  their  destination.  The  combined  squadrons  had  been  last 
seen  standing  to  the  northward;  Lwd  Nelson  had  made  up  his- 
mind  as  to  their  course.  Some  imagined  they  would  return  from 
the  northward  and  attack  Barbadoes 5  others,  that  they  would  go 
to  St.  John's,  Porto  Rico,  be  there  joined  by  reinforcements,  and 
proceed  to  Jamaica.  Whilst,  on  the  contrary,  some  were  inclined 
to  believe  they  would  call  at  the  Havaonah  for  such  Spanish  ships 
M9  were  ready,  if  they  did  not  send  those  that  were  with  them 
thither,  or  else,  that  they  would  make  a  sweep  along  the  coast  of 
Nov9  Scotia  and  Newfoundland,  which  could  be  done  without 
delay.  *'  1  hear  all  (said  Lord  Nelson,  in  a  letter  to  Sir  A.£aU)> 
and  even  feel  obliged,  for  all  is  meant  as  kindness  to  me,  that  I 
should  get  at  them.  In  this  diversity  of  opinions  I  may  as  well 
follow  my  owuj  which  is,  that  the  Spaniards  are  gene  to  the 
Havannah,  and  that  the  French  will  either  stand  for  Cadiz  or 
Toulon;  Ifoet  most  inclined  to  the  latter  place;  and  they  may 
fancy  that  they  will  get  to  Egypt  without  any  interruption."^ 

On  the  l6tb,  the  British  fleet  continued  standing  to  the  norths 


I  lie  was  styled  b^  the  Fiench,  Ctt  ^md  detttmiid. 


EARL  NELSON.  61 S 

ward,  and  withont  any  intelligence  of  the  enemy.    No  circum- 
stance of  particular  moment  occurred  during  the  passage  back. 
Lord  Nelson  kept,  at  least  for  a  considerable  time,  the  daily  shp- 
'  posed  track  and  situation  of  the  enemy.    On  July  l^tb,  the  fleet 
•came  within  sight  of  Cape  St.  Vincent;  *'  making  (observes  the 
Admiral  in  his  diary),  our  whole  run  from  Barbadoes,  day  by  day, 
3459  miles  5  our  run  from  Cape  St.  Vincent  to  Barbadoes  was 
322j^  miles;  so  that  our  run  back  was  only  232  miles  more  than 
our  run  out.    Allowance  being  made  for  the  difference  of  the  la- 
titudes and  longitudes  of  Barbadoes  and  Barbuda,  average  per  day 
thirty-four  leagues,  wanting  nine  miles.*'    On  the  19th,  he  bore 
up,  and  anchored  at  Gibraltar,  yet  still  withont  gaining  any  in- 
formation of  the  enemy.    On  the  20th,  he  went  on  shore,  for  the 
first  dme  since  June  l@th,  ]  803  $  and  from  having  his  foot  out  of 
(the  Victory,  two  years  wanting  ten  days.    On  the  22d,  the  squa- 
dron unmoored,  and  anchored  in  Mazari  Bay.    On  the  24th,  they 
nveighed  at  noon,  and  stood  for  Ceuta.  On  August  3d,  they  stood 
-more  to  the  northward.    On  the  12th,  the  Niobe  was  spoken, 
ibree  days  from  the  Channel  fleet,  at  which  time  no  intelligenoe 
had  been  obtained  of  the  ene;ny*8  arrival  in  any  of  the  ports  in 
the  Bay  of  Biscay.    On  August  ISth,  they  fell  in  with  Admiral 
Comwallis  oiFUshant^  and  in  tbe  evening.  Lord  Nelson  received 
orders  to  proceed  with  the  Victory  and  Superb  to  Portsmouth.* 

On  August  18th,  the  Victory  reached  Spithead. 

Mr.  Elliot,  ill  a  letter  to  Lord  Nelson  from  Naples,  thus  ex- 
pressed the  opinion  of  diplomatic  men  on  the  Admiral's  late 
proceedings :  **  My  Lord,  either  the  distances  between  the  dif- 
ferent quarters  of  the  globe  are  diminished,  or  you  have  extended 
the  powers  of  human  action.  Ailer  an  unremitting  cruize  of  two 
long  years  in  the  stormy  Gulf  of  L>ons,  to  have  proceeded,  with- 
out going  into  port,  to  Alexandria;  from  Alexandria  to  the  West 
Indies;  from  the  West  Indies  back  again  to  Gibraltar;  to  have 
kept  your  ships  afloat,  your  rigging  standing,  and  your  crews  in 
health  and  spirits,  is  an  effort  such  as  never  was  realised  in  mo* 
•dern  times,  nor,  I  doubt,  will  ever  again  be  repeated  by  any  other 
Admiral.  You  have  protected  us  for  two  long  years,  and  you 
saved  the  West  Indies  by  only  a  few  days." 

But  the  illustrious  hero  was  destined  to  a  very  ^ort  repose.    It 
^as  towards  the  end  of  this  very  month  of  August,  that  Captain 

2  The  track  of  Lord  Nelson  to  the  West  Indies!,  and  back  again  to  Europe, 
Kafi  -been  published  by  Mr.  Fadejit  from  documents  furnished  by  the  Admiral., 


eu  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Bla^wood  arrived  with  the  news  of  the  oombioed  fleets  being 
blocked  up  in  Cadiz  by  Admiral  CoUingwood.  On  his  way  to 
London  with  the  dispatches^  that  officer  called  at  Tx>rd  Nelson's 
villa  at  Merton  9t  five  in  the  morning,  and  found  hb  Lordship 
already  up,  and  dressed.  ''  /  am  sure  you  bring  me  news  of  thfi 
French  and  Spanish  Jleets  (said  Lord  Nelson  >>  and  I  think  I  shall 
yet  have  to  heai  ihem**  His  liOrdsbip  soon  followed  Captain 
Blackwood,  to  the  Admiralty.  Every  thing  was  soon  afterwards 
arranged  for  his  return  to  the  Mediterranean;  and  on  the  night 
of  Friday,  September  \3(tff  he  pursued  bis  route  to  Portsmouth. 
Impresse4  with  the  expectation  of  a  desperate  battle,  and  of  the 
probable  fate  which  would  befall  him,  he  oflfered  up,  as  he  left 
Merton,  the  following  sublime  prayer  to  the  God  of  battles: 
May  the  Great  God,  whom  I  adore,  enable  me  to  fulfil  the  eXpec^ 
tations  rf  my  country;  and  if  ii  be  his  good  pleasure  that  1  should 
reiwm,  my  thanks  will  never  cease  being  qffered  up  to  the  throne 
of  his  mercy.  If  it  be  his  good  Providence  to  cut  short  my  days 
upon  earth,  I  bow  with  the  greatest  submission,  relying  that  he 
will  protect  those  so  dear  to  me  whom  I  may  leave  behind.  His 
fgnll  be  done.    Amen. 

When  he  went  from  the  Geo|rge  Inn,  at  Portsmouth,  to  the 
beaph,  to  embark  for  the  Victory,  he  was  fi;>IIowed  by  numbers  of 
his  countrymen  in  tears,  many  of  whom  knelt  before  him,  and 
blessed  the  beloved  hero  of  the  British  nation.  Nelson  turning 
round  to  Captain  Hardy,  said,  /  had  their  huxzas  before,  I  have 
noiif  their  hearts. 

The  Victory  arrived  off  Cadiz  September  29th.  From  this  day 
to  the  21  St  October,  Lord  Nelson  never  came  in  sight  of  land, 
that  the  enemy  might  be  kept  in  ignorance  of  his  force:  the  wis- 
•  dom  of  this  conduct  was  strongly  proved  by  subsequent  events. 
He  spoke  of  his  reception  on  rejoining  the  Mediterranean  fleet, 
as  causing  the  most  delightful  sensation  of  bis  life.  "  The  officers 
who  came  on  board  (said  be),  to  welcome  my  return,  forgot  my 
rank,  as  Commander  in  CMef,  in  the  enthusiasm  with  which  they 
greeted  me.'' 

Every  day  now  brought  fresh  reason  to  expect,  that  before  it 
was  over,  the  enemy  would  put  to  sea  5  the  anxiety  of  every  officer 
was  surpassed  by  what  the  Admiral  endured.  He  never  went  to 
his  short  aud  disturbed  rest,  without  providing  for  the  contingen- 
cies of  the  night. . 

October  iptb,  at  half  past  nine,  the  signal  was  given,  that  the 
enemy  was  coming  out  of  port;  and  at  three,  that  the  enemy  was 


EARL  NELSON.  6\5 

mi  sea.  At  the  firsts  Nelson  made  the  signal  for  a  general  chace  ^ 
and  the  fleet  were  ordered  to  observe  the  Admirars  motions  during 
the  night.  In  the  afternoon  of  the  20tb^  Captain  Blackwood 
'telegraphed^  that  the  enemy  seemed  determined  to  go  to  the 
westward;  which  Nelson  determined,  if  possible,  to  prevent. 
The  frigates  and  look-oat  ships  kept  signal  most  admirably  all 
night,  and  told,  by  signals,  which  tack  they  were  upon. 

The  morning  of  the  terrible  day  of  battle,  October  2ist,  now 
rose.  The  illustrious  hero  predicted  his  £ite,  and  prepared  to  die 
for  his  country.  .  On  the  break  of  day,  he  thus  committed  the 
justice  of  his  cause,  and  his  own  safety,  to  the  overruling  Provi- 
dence of  (rod;  May  the  Great  God,  whom  I  worshif,  grant  to  my 
country,  and  for  the  hen^t  of  Europe  in  general,  a  great  and 
glorious  victory }  and  may  no  misconduct  in  any  one  tarnish  it; 
'and  may  humanity  after  victory  be  the  predominant  feature  in  the 
British  fleet.  For  myself,  individually,  I  commit  my  life  to  him 
who  made  me^  and  may  his  blessing  light  upon  my  e?ukaiif  ours  for 
-serving  my  country  faithfully.  To  him  I  resign  myself,  and  the 
just  cause  which  is  entrusted  to  me  to  defend.    Amen, 

The  following  signal  was  now  given  3  England  bxpbcts 
KVERY  MAN  WILL  DO  HIS  DUTY.  The  shout  With  which  It  was 
jeceived  throughout  the  fleet  was  truly  sublime.  ''  Now  (said 
.Lord  Nelson),  /  can  do  no  more.  We  must  trust  to  the  Great  Dis' 
fioser  of  all  events,  and  the  justice  of  our  cause,  I  thank  God  for 
this  great  opportunity  of  dohtg  my  duty," 

'^  The  wind  was  light  from  the  S.W.  and  a  long  swell  was 
setting  into  the  Bay  of  Cadiz,  so  that  our  ships,  like  sovereigns  ot 
the  ocean,  moved  majestically  before  it;  every  one  (crowding  aH 
the  sail  that  was  possible,  and  falling  into  her  station  aocordtng  to 
fher  rate  of  going.  The  enemy  wore  at  about  seven  o^lock,  and 
then  stood  in  a  dose  line  on  the  larboard  tack  towards  Cadiz:  at 
that  time  the  sun  shone  bright  on  their  sail^  and  from  the  nom- 
hcr  of  three-deckers  among  them,  they  made  a  most  formidable 
appearance;  but  this,  so  far  firom  ^palling  our  brave  countiyroen, 
induced  them  to  observe  to  each  other,  *^  What  a  fine  sight  those 
ships  would  make  at  Spithead." 

From  Lord  Nelson's  keeping  out  of  sight,  and  their  knowing 
at  Cadiz  of  the  detachment  of  vol  sail  of  the  line  to  the  Mediter- 
ranean, Villeneuve  had  put  to  sea,  confident  of  success. 

About  ten  o*clock.  Lord  Nelson's  anxiety  to  close  with  the 
enemy  became  very  apparent.  Thtf. combined  fleet  consisted  of 
liiirty-tbrec  powerful  ships;  eighteen  of  which  were  French,  and 


6\6  P££RAG£  OF  ENGLAND. 

fifteen  Spaniih.  Four  thouiand  troops  were  embarked  on  board 
the  fleet,  under  the  comaumd  of  Geoeial  Contamin,  in  the  Bo* 
centaur;  Bxaoag  whom  were  8e?eral  of  the  most  skiUiil  sharpr 
•hooters  that  could  be  selected,  and  many  Tyrolese  riflemen. 

Lord  Nelson,  in  the  Victory,  bore  down  at  the  head  of  the 
weather  colnmnj  and  Admiral  CoUingwood,  in  the  Royal  Sove- 
reign, at  the  head  of  the  lee.  ^'  Of  the  Victory  and  Royal  Sove« 
reign  (says  Captain  Blackwood),  it  would  be  impossible  to  decide 
which  achieved  most.  They  both  seemed  to  vie  with  each  other 
in  holding  forth  a  brilliant  example  to  the  rest  of  the  fleet." 

When  Captain  Blackwood,  who  had  been  called  on  board  the 
Victory,  took  his  leave  to  return  to  his  own  ship,  he  took  Lord 
Nelson's  hand,  and  said,  ^*  I  trust,  My  Lord,  that  on  my  return 
to  the  Victory,  which  will  be  as  soon  as  possible^  I  shpU  find  your 
Lordship  well,  and  in  possessioD  of  twenty  prizes."  On  which  ho 
made  this  reply,  God  bless  you,  Blackwood;  I  shall  never  speak 
to  ycu  again. 

The  Royal  Sovereign,  and  her  line  of  battle,  steered  for  the 
centre  of  the  enemy.  The  weather  column,  led  on  by  Lord  Nel- 
son, advanced  towards  the  enemy's  van ;  and  Lord  Nelson  ordered 
his  ship  to  be  directed  to  bis  old  opponent,  the  Santissiroa  Trini- 
dad, who  was  distinguishable  by  her  four  decks.  In  doing  this, 
he  ran  on  board  the  Redoubtable,  which  coming  alongside,  fired 
a  broadside  into  the  Victory,  who  passing  astern  of  the  Bucentaur, 
and  pouring  a  dreadful  broadside  into  her,  went  forward  to  her 
mark^  playing  her  larboard  guns  on  both  ships,  whilst  the  star- 
board guns  of  the  middle  and  lower  decks  were  depressed,  and 
fired  with  a  diminished  charge  of  powder,  and  three  shot  each, 
into  the  Redoubtable.  In  the  first  heat  of  the  action,  Mr.  Scott, 
the  Admiral's  Seqretary,  was  killed  by  a  cannon  ball,  whilst  in 
conversation  with  Captain  Hardy,  and  near  to  Lord  Nelson. 

The  Redoubtable  had  for  some  time  commenced  a  heavy  fire 
of  musketry  from  her  tops,  which,  like  those  of  the  enemy's  other 
ships,  were  filled  with  riflemen.  The  Victory,  however,  becaitae 
enveloped  in  smoke,  except  at  intervals,  when  it  partially  dis- 
persed; and,  owing  to  the  want  of  wind>  was  surrounded  with 
the  enemy's  ships.  At  fifteen  minutes  past  one,  and  a  quarter  of 
an  hour  before  the  Redoubtable  steruck.  Lord  Nelson  and  Captain 
Hardy  were  observed  to  be  walkmg  near  the  middle  of  the  quarter- 
deck :  the  Admiral  had  just  commended  the  manner  in  which  one 
of  his  ships  near  him  was  fought;  Captain  Hardy  advanced  frorp 
him  to  give  some  necessary  directions,  and  he  was  in  the  act  of 


EARL  NELSON.  617 

turning  near  the  hatchwaj^  with  his  face  towards  the  stern^  when 
a  musket  ball  struck  hioi  on  the  left-shoulder^  and  entering 
through  the  epaulet,  passed  through  the  spine,  and  lodged  in  the 
muscles  of  the  back,  towards  the  right-side.  Nelson  instantly 
fell^  with  his  face  on  the  deck,  in  the  very  place  that  was  covered 
with  the  blood  of  his  Secretary,  Mr.  Scott.  Captain  Hardy,  on 
turning  round,  saw  the  Seijeaot  of  Marines,  Seckar,  with  two 
Beamen,  raising  him  from  the  deck:  ''  Hardy  (said  his  Lord- 
ship), I  believe  they  have  done  it  at  last,  my  hacMwu  is  shot 
through.** 

Some  of  the  crew  bore  the  Admiral  below,^  among  the  dying 
and  the  dead;  where  his  mighty  spirit  remained  unsubdued.  Hia 
mind  remained  intent  on  his  duty  to  his  country}  he  therefore 
anxiously  inquired  for  Captain  Hardy  (to  know  whether  the  anni- 
hilation of  the  enemy  might  be  depended  on) ;  who  was  detained 
upwards  of  an  hour  on  deck,  before  he  could  come.  At  length 
Captain  Hardy  came  down,  struggling  to  conceal  the  feeling* 
which  overpowered  him.  ''  How  goes  the  day  with  us.  Hardy  ?** 
said  his  Lordship.  **  Ten  ships^  my  Lord,  have  struck."  **  Bui 
none  of  ours,  I  hope"  *f  There  is  no  fear^  my  dear  Lord,  of  that. 
Five  sail  of  their  van  have  tacked,  and  shew  an  intention  of  bear-' 
Ing  down  upon  us  5  but  I  have  called  some  of  our  fresh  ships  round 
the  Victory,  and  have  no  doubt  of  your  complete  success."  Hav- 
ing said  this,  he  found  himself  unable  any  longer  to  suppress  hit 
feelings,  and  hurried  away  to  conceal  the  bitterness  of  his  sorrow, 

A  most  spirited  and  continued  fire  had  been  kept  up  from  the 
y^ictoiy*s  starboard  gups  on  the  Redoubtable^  for  about  fifteen  mi- 
nutes after  Lord  Nelson  was  wounded,  during  which  time  several 
ofiicers  and  seamen  were  killed  or  hurt. 

When  at  length  the  firing  from  the  Victory  had  in  some  mea-' 
sure  ceased,  and  the  glorious  result  of  the  day  was  accomplisiied. 
Captain  Hardy  immediately  visited  the  dying  Chief,  and  reported 
the  entire  number  that  had  struck:  "  God  he  praised.  Hardy 
(replied  he),  bring  the  fleet  to  an  anchor** 

Lord  Nelson  now  delivered  his  last  injunctions,  and  desired 
that  his  body  might  be  carried  home  to  be  buried,  unless  his  So- 
vereign should  otherwise  order  it,  by  the  bones  of  his  father  and 
pother.  He  then  took  Captain  Hardy  by  the  hand,  and  observ- 
pg  that  he  would  most  probably  not  see  him  again  alive,  the 

•  Such  was  bis  self- possession,  that,  as  he  was  carried  down,  he  noticed  a  de« 
feet  of  the  tiller-rope  j  and  then  covered  his  face  and  stars  with  his  handkerchief, 
that  he  might  be  lest  observed  by  his  men. 


618  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

djriDg  hero  doired  his  bnTe  anociate  to  kift  bim,  that  he  might 
teal  their  long  friendslup  with  that  afiectioa  which  pledged  aioce- 
rity  in  death. 

Captain  Hardy  stood  for  a  few  minotes  o^er  the  bodj  of  him  he 
so  truly  regarded,  in  silent  agony^  and  then  kneeling  down,  again 
kissed  his  forehead:  Who  is  thai?  said  the  dying  hero.  "  It  is 
Hardy,  my  Lord.**  God  bless  you.  Hardy ^  replied  Nelson,  feebly; 
and  afterwards  addU,  /  wish  I  had  not  left  the  deck;  I  shall  soon 
>e  gone.  His  voice  then  gradually  became  inarticulate^  with  an 
evident  increase  of  pain :  when,  after  a  feeble  struggle,  these  last 
words  were  distinctly  beard^  I  havb  donb  my  outt,  I  prai sb 
Goo  for  it.  Having  said  this,  he  turned  his  face  towards  Mr. 
Bor^e,  on  whose  arm  he  had  been  supported^  and  expired  with- 
out a  gf  oaB« 

The  Battle  bad  been  sorely  contested,  and  the  slaughter  on 
board  the  enemy  almost  unprecedented;  in  the  British  fleet,  42a 
were  killed,  and  1064  wounded,  many  of  whom  died  afterwards. 
The  ships  that  pressed  forward  after  their  gallant  Chiefs  in  the 
weather  and  lee  columns,  are  described  by  Admiral  Collingwood, 
ts  breaking  through  in  all  parts  astern  of  their  leaders,  and  en-v 
gaging  the  enemy  at  the  muzxles  of  their  guns. 

Never  was  a  day  of  victory  so  entirely  turned  into  a  day  of  sor* 
raw,  as  that  of  Trafaloar.  When  the  loss  of  their  beloved 
Cooamander  was  known  throughout  the  fleet,  a  general  depressioD 
prevailed.  The  very  seamen,  who  were  severely  wounded,  forgot 
their  own  sufferings  and  danger,  and  burst  into  a  flood  oi  tears: 
.O  Nelson,  our  Father^  our  beloved  Commander^  would  to  God  we 
eouU  have  died  instead  I 

The  body  was  brought  lo  England  in  the  Victoiy,  which  ar- 
rived after  a  k>ng  and  melanclK>ly  passage  at  Spithead  j  and  sailed 
from  thence  for  the  Nore  on  December  1 1  th. 

The  news  of  the  Victory  of  Trafalgar  had  been  already 
announced  in  the  Metropolis,  by  the  Park  and  Tower  guns,  on 
November  6th;  but  the  universal  sense  of  the  national  loss,  in 
the  death  of  tlie  immortal  CJommander,  clouded  and  over- 
powered the  joy  and  triumph  of  the  greatest  event  of  naval  sue* 
cess,  which  this  nation,  great  as  its  late  glories  had  been^  had 
ever  known. 

The  King  directed,  that  the  heroes  body  should  be  buried  al 
St.  PauVs,  at  the  public  expense,  with  military  and  naval  honours. 
This  took  place  on  January  9th,  180(5,  with  a  solemnity  and 
splendour  perhaps  never  before  seen.  The  details  of  this  affecting 


BARL  NELSON.  619 

ceremony  may  be  seen  in  numerous  publications^  and  more  par- 
ticularly in  the  Gentleman* s  Magaxinefor  January  I8O6. 

On  a  place  of  gold  on  the  coffin^  were  inscribed  bis  Lordship's 
honours  at  full  lengthy  to  which  was  added.  After  a  series  of 
transcendant  and  heroic  services^  this  gallant  Admiral  fell  glo^ 
riously  in  the  moment  of  a  glorious  and  decisive  victory  over  ifie 
combined  fleets  of  France  and  Spain,  off  Trafalgar,  on  the  2ist  of 
October,  1805.*  * 

He  had  but  lately  completed  his  forty-seventh  year. 

The  King,  on  opening  the  parliament  by  commission,  Januaiy 
21st,  thus  delivered,  by  the  Chancellor,  Lord  £ldon,  his  royal 
testimony  respecting  the  battle  of  Trafalgar.  "  The  victory  ob- 
tained over  the  combined  fleets  of  France  and  Spain,  off  Cape 
Trafalgar,  has  manifested,  beyond  any  exploit  recorded,  even  in 
the  annals  of  the  British  navy,  the  skill  and  enterprize  of  his  Ma- 
jesty*s  officers  and  seamen}  and  the  destruction  of  so  large  a  pro- 
portion of  the  naval  strength  of  the  enemy,  has  not  only  confirmed 
in  the  most  signal  manner  the  maritime  superiority  of  this  coun- 
try, but  has  essentially  contributed  to  the  security  of  bis  Majesty'a 
dominions.  His  Majesty  most  deeply  regrets,  that  the  day  of  that 
memorable  triumph  should  have  been  unhappily  clouded  by  the 
&11  of  the  heroic  Commander  under  whom  it  was  achieved:  and 
he  is  persuaded  you  will  feel,  that  this  lamented,  but  glorious  ter- 
aiination  of  a  series  of  transcendent  exploits,  claims  a  distinguished 
expression  of  the  lasting  gratitude  of  the  country  3  and  that  you 
vvill  therefore  chearfuUy  concur  in  enabling  his  Majesty  to  annex 
to  those  honours  which  he  has  conferred  on  the  family  of  the  late 
Lord  Viscount  Nelson,  such  a  mark  of  national  munificence,  as 
may  preserve  to  the  latest  posterity  the  memory  of  his  name  and 
cervices,  and  the  benefit  of  his  great  example.*' 

A  monument  was  afterwards  voted  by  parliament. 

'*  By  that  pure  fire,  before  that  hallowed  tomb. 
Heroes  and  chiefs  in  valour's  opening  bloom. 
Frequent  in  solemn  pilgrimage  shall  stand, 
And  vow  to  prize,  like  thee,  their  native  land}. 
With  pious  ardour  thy  bright  course  pursue. 
And  bid  thy  blended  virtues  live  aoew;^ 
Thy  skill  to  plan,  thy  enterprize  to  dare. 
Thy  might  to  strike,  thy  clemency  to  spare; 


« 


The  bo'ly  of  hh  friend.  Lord  Colliogwood,  was  laid  by  his  side,  at  Sc*  p4iul*j^ 
In  May  1810^ 


620  P££RAG£  OP  ENGLAND* 

That  zeal>  in  which  no  thoogbt  of  self  had  part. 
But  tfa J  ]ov*d  country  fiird  up  all  thy  heart. 
That  conscious  worth,  from  pride,  from  meanness  free. 
And  manners  mild  as  guileless  infancy  3 
The  scorn  of  worldly  wealth,  the  thirst  of  fame 
Unquenchable,  the  blush  of  generous  shame. 
And  bounty's  genial  flow,  and  friendship's  holy  flame> 

To  attempt  to  say  any  thing  more  of  the  character  of  this 
ILLUSTRIOUS  Man,  than  the  feeble  eulogium  with  which  I  com- 
menced this  article,  exceeds  my  powers.  The  detail  of  bis  actions 
furnishes  a  more  splendid  panegyric  on  him  than  common  lan- 
guage can  bestow.  That  he  was  the  most  unrivalled  man  of  bis 
day  in  the  annals  of  his  country,  is  but  faint  commendation. 
Perhaps  he  may  be  pronounced  the  greatest  name  (at  least  in 
practical  excellence),  in  British  history.  The  flame  of  his  pa- 
triotism was  without  example^  ardent  and  pure.  It  elevated  htoi 
ttttmly  above  all  selfish  considerations;  and  not  only  made  him 
soar  beyond  the  cold  dictates  of  duty,  but  induced  him  to  hazard 
his  own  reputation,  whrch  he  valued  much  more  than  bis  life,  to 
the  penis  of  ill  success^  and  of  disgrace  and  punishment,  the  con- 
sequent evils  of  unprosperous  disobedience,  whenever  he  thought 
the  glory  of  his  country  might  be  advanced  by  the  venture.  Mere 
personal  gallantry^  united  with  an  enthusiasm  for  fame,  has  not 
unfrequently  been  exhibited  in  the  human  character.  How  small 
a  part  of  Nelson's  praise  does  this  constitute?  His  powerful 
talents,  his  unequalled  sagacity,  and  political  knowledge,  were 
qualities  of  far  higher  wonder. 

The  nation  revere  this  immortal  heroes  character  with  a  grati* 
4ude  as  honourable  to  them  as  merited  by  him.  But  it  requires, 
perhaps,  much  deeper  reflection,  and  more  extensive  inquiries,  to 
appreciate  duly  the  value  of  his  services,  than  common  miuds  can 
exert*  While  every  one  of  his  victories  may,  for  centuries  pro- 
bably, produce  benefits  of  the  most  important  kind,  not  only  to  the 
British  empire,  but  to  the  whole  civilized  world,  every  one  of  them 
was  gained  under  circumstances  so  singular  and  difficult,  as  nothing 
kss  than  the  powers  of  Nelson  could  have  accomplished !  It  was 
Nelson's  sagacity  that  led  his  fleet  a  second  time  in  pursuit  of  the 
French  to  the  Nile^  it  was  Nelson^s  sagacity  that  gained  a  triimiph« 
even  in  the  jaws  of  defeat,  over  the  Crown-Batteries  of  Copen- 
hagen! it  was  Nelson's  sagacity  that  discovered  the  enemy's  de«. 

^  Uim  and  Trafalgar,  a  Posm,  aitnbuted  to  Mv,  Canning. 


EARL  NELSON.  621 

tioatioo^  and  saved  oor  West-India  Islands!  It  was  Nelson^f 
sagacity,  and  daring  courage^  that  by  the  genius  of  the  plan^  and 
the  splendour  of  the  execution,  won  the  unequalled  laurels  of 
Trafalgar! 

For  such  a  man,  or  his  family,  what  rewards  can  be  sufiicient? 
The  zealous  warmth  of  intelligent  gratitude  wishes  for  some 
higher  recompense^  both  in  honours  and  estates,  than  the  nation 
has  ever  yet  bestowed.  The  returns  for  common  merits  seem  toa 
weak  for  a  character  of  such  transcendent  importance;  by  whom 
nations  and  principalities  were  upheld  3  and  Britain  has  raised  its 
naval  glory  fur  beyond  the  reach  ef  rival  powers! 

All  ancieot  titles;  all  the  twinkling  lights  displayed  in  a  seriet 
of  centuries  by  the  most  luminous  of  our  old  i^miiies,  are  eclipsed 
and  sink  to  nothing,  before  the  blaze  of  Nelson's  fame! 

Lord  Nelson  died  without  issue;  and  was  succeeded  in  the 
second  barony  by  his  elder  brother. 

Dr.  William  Nelson,  Prebendary  of  Canterbury,  who  thus  be* 
came  second  Baron  Nslson,  and  was  immediately  elevated  to 
an  EarMom,  by  the  titles  of  Viscount  Mbkton,  op  Trafalgar, 
and  o/Meriott,  in  Surney,  and  Earl  Nelson,  by  patent,  dated 
November  20th,  1805.  He  also  succeeded  his  brother  as  Duie 
^  Brsntej  in  Sicily.  A  pension  of  20001.  a  year  was  granted  to 
ihe  liero's  widow.  And  Parliament  granted  to  the  present  Eari^ 
a  farther  pension  of  50001.  a  year,  besides  the  sum  of  90,000L 
§01  the  purchase  of  a  mansion  and  estates,  to  go  with  the  title; 
and  10,0001.  to  each  of  his  sisters. 

His  Lordship  was  born  April  20tb,  ]  JSJ,  and  mamed,  No- 
vember gth^  1786,  Miss  Yonge^  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Henry 
Yonge,  Vicar  of  Great  Torrington,  co.  Devon  (cousin  to  the  lat» 
Rev.  Philip  Yonge,  D.D.  formerly  bishop  of  Norwich}^  and  by 
ber  has  had  issue, 
.    1.  Lady  Charlotte  Mary,  born  September  20thj  1787. 

2.  Horatio,  Viscount  Trafalgar,^  born  October  26th,  1788,  wh« 
died  of  a  typhus  fever,  January  l/tb,  1808,  set.  20;  and  of  whom 
the  following  character  has  been  given  by  his  tutor,  the  Rev.  Ed- 
mund Outram,  Public  Orator  of  the  University  of  Cambridge. 
-  *'  The  veneration  and  gratitude  with  which  our  country  dwells 
en  the  achievements  of  the  immortal  Nelspn,  are  every  day  ia- 
creased  by  the  alarming  progress  of  French  tyranny  on  the  conti- 
nent.   It  is  to  these  achievements,  under  Heaven,  that  we  ace 

•  lie  received  the  Kiog*8  wirrant  to  accept  and  wear  the  insignia  0/  tke  Oidar 
4>{  Sc.  Joachim  worn  by  his  uncle,  in  March  1806. 


62^  P£ERA6£  OP  ENGLAND. 

indebted  for  the  blesBii^  of  freedom  and  secnritj,  which  we  still 
enjoy. 

**  The  nation  wonld  have  had  a  worthy  representative  of  (hat 
great  man  (so  deservedly  the  founder  of  a  noble  family),  in  his 
amiable  nephew,  the  late  Lord  Viscount  Trafalgar,  had  his  life 
been  spared.  Although  bis  years  were  few,  for  he  died  at  the 
age  of  nineteen,  yet  he  has  left,  in  the  affection  and  regret  of  all 
who  knew  him,  a  lastmg  monument  of  virtues  which  would  have 
dignified  and  adorned  the  most  exalted  station.  In  hb  man- 
ners he  was  easy  and  afiable;  in  his  penon  graceful;  in  his  mien 
noble.  His  countenance,  whilst  it  possessed  a  degree  of  sweet- 
ness, which  afforded  pleasure  to  all  whom  he  approached,  and 
which  those  who  had  once  seen,  never  could  forget,  in  some  of 
its  features  bore  a  decided  resemblance  to  that  of  his  revered 
uncle.  In  the  year  1806,  when  he  accompanied  Admiral  Rossd 
with  the  North  Sea  squadron  to  theTexel,  the  resemblamse  (which 
was  more  pecuFiarly  striking,  if  at  any  time  he  had  oo  the  hat  of 
a  naval  officer),  was  observed  by  all  the  officers  of  the  Majestic 
who  had  seen  his  illustrious  relative.  But  however  strof^  thb 
personal  likeness  might  be,  there  was  at  the  same  time  a  mental 
resemblance  not  less  remarkable:  whether  this  also  was  the  gift 
of  nature,  or  originated  from  the  veneration  in  which  he  held  the 
memory  of  a  man,  the  image  of  whose  glory  filled  his  mind  per- 
petually. 

"  Naval  excellence  was  not  the  only  characteristic  of  that  ex- 
traordinary man.  He  possessed  an  insight,  which  was  most  com- 
prehensive and  wonderful,  into  the  general  aflfkirs  of  Earope; 
the  relarions,  strength,  and  dispositions  of  its  several  powers;  the 
talents,  integrity,  and  influence  of  the  leading  men  in  each  go> 
vf  mment.  It  appeared,  from  the  testimony  of  Mr.  Pitt  hiaudf, 
that  the  mind  of  the  statesman  had  more  than  once  been  gratified 
and  enlightened  beyond  measure,  by  conversing  with  the  hero  on 
these  subjects.  He  disdained  to  sit  in  council  at  Naples  with  the 
reptile  general,  to  whom  the  honour  of  the  Austrian  armies  was 
afterwards  so  unworthily  committed.  He  knew  on  whom  the 
great  cause  of  liberty  in  Europe  might  rely,  and  whom  it  had  to 
fear.  The  same  talent  for  discrimination,  the  same  thirst  for  po- 
litical knowledge,  marked  the  character  of  his  nephew.  Those 
who  knew  how  to  appreciate  the  advantages  of  long  experience^ 
acknowledged  the  accuracy  with  which  he  judged  of  men,  whom 
he  had  but  seldom  seen,  or  with  a  small  part  only  of  whose  coo- 
doot  he  was  acquainted. 


EARL  NELSON.  G2S 

**  In  his  studies,  he  loved  not  to  trace  the  records  of  andeiit 
fioies.    His  mind  was  continually  drawn  back  from  the  annals  of 
Greece  and  Rome^  to  the  aera  of  bis  country's  naval  glory.  It  was  to 
the  navies  and  armies  of  modern  Europe^  to  her  warriors  and  states* 
men,  to  the  existing  laws  and  constitution  of  various  countries* 
and  more  especially  of  his  own,  that  IHb  attention  way  almost  in<> 
cessantly  directed.  Another  distinguishiog  trait  in' the  character  of 
the  illustrious  Nelson,  was  the  singular  power  which  he  possessed 
of  riveting  the  affection  of  all  around  him.  It  was  not  to  bis  trans- 
cendent  genius  alone  that  he  owed  his  renown:  the  heatts  of  the 
officers  and  men  under  his  command  went  with  him  as  the  heart 
of  one  man,  into  the  hottest  scenes  of  danger  and  destruction. 
The  ardour  of  their  attachment  constituted  one  great  part  of  his 
success  and  his  glory.  Nor  does  the  character  of  his  nephew  shrink 
from'  (Comparison  in  this  respect.    This  noble  youth  was  cordially 
and  deservedly  beloved  by  bis  friends,  whom  he  hesitated  not  to 
serve,  at  the  expense  even  of  those  gratifications  which  he  had  most 
eagerly  anticipated.     His  nature  was  ever  generous,  fnmk^  and 
sincere;  his  conversation  always  cheerful,  and  often  playful,  but 
still  within  the  bounds  of  propriety  and  discretion :  as  it  captt^ 
vated  the  young,  so  it  conciliated  the  old.    He  loved  to  enter  the 
lists  with  those  who  differed  with  him  most,  and  were  most  vio- 
lent on  pofitical  subjects.    On  these  occasions,  whilst  the  advan- 
tage which  he  derived  from  his  superior  good  humour  was  always 
manifest,  his  good  sense  and  correct  information,  usuaHy  secured 
an  easy  victory.    It  was  the  opinion  of  some,  who  observed  the 
manner  in  which  he  dealt  with  his  antagonist,  that  the  nation 
might  expect  to  see  in  him  a  successful  promoter  of  that  unanimity 
in  its  councils,  which  leads  to  undivided  energy  in  its  strength. 
He  was  the  child  of  the  nation,  and  would  one  day  have  lived  in 
the  hearts  of  the  British  people. 

^'  One  other  feature  (and  the  last  that  will  here  be  mention- 
ed), in  which  his  character  resembled  that  of  his  great  relative, 
vas  a  marked  disregard  of  danger  on  all  occasions,  where  he  be- 
lieved his  honour  or  his  duty  to  be  concerned.  As  he  knew  not 
the  fears,  so  he  abhorred  the  pusillanimous  reasonings  of  those 
who  speak  of  submission  to  the  power  of  France.  He  never  would 
have  despaired  of  England;  of  that  country  for  which  Nelson 
fought,  (Conquered, 'and  fell 3— he  would  have  struggled  to  ^le 
lastf  and  (if  it  be  indeed  ordained  that  we  must  fall),  be  would 
Jbaipe  failenr  with  his  country. 

Having  leA  Eton  school  in  the  Spring  of  the  year  X8O6,  be  im* 


^t 


6U  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

mediately  commenced  bis  residence  at  Cambridgej  where  he  soon 
endeared  himself  to  the  leading  members  of  the  Univernty^  as 
well  as  to  a  numeroos  class  of  friends  and  equals.  In  the  Summer 
of  the  year  1807^  he  made  the  tour  of  the  Hebrides;  and  was 
much  pleased  with  the  attention  and  hospitality  which  he  expe^ 
lienced  throughout  Scotland,  and  particularly  at  Glasgow,  where 
he  saw^  with  enthusiastic  delight,  the  noble  monument  raised  ia 
honour  of  his  uncle  by  that  great  and  loyal  city.  Although  his 
person  was  slender,  and  his  complexion  often  pale,  yet  his  strength 
was  such  as  enabled  him  to  ascend  the  highest  mountains,  or 
panue  the  red  deer  through  the  most  extensive  tracks,  without 
any  appearance  of  fatigue.  It  was,  however,  remarked  by  some, 
who  saw  him  frequently,  and  knew  well  the  sweetness  of  his  dis« 
position,  and  the  goodness  of  his  heart,  that  he  looked  like  oner 
of  those  who  are  destined  to  be  taken  away  in  early  life.  Nor 
was  he  himself  insensible  to  the  uncertainty  which  hangs  over 
human  life  at  every  period. 

^'  When  he  learnt  in  the  year  1806,  that  he  had  to  congratu- 
late one  of  his  aunts  on  the  birth  of  another  son,  he  spent  the 
day  on  which  he  received  the  news  as  a  day  of  rejoicing  to  the 
Nelson  family;  because,  as  he  expressed  himself,  there  would  be 
now  rio  want  of  heirs  male.  His  wishes  for  the  prosperity  of 
that  family,  and  the  continuance  of  its  honours,  were  not  limited 
by  any  consideration  of  himself.  Still  appearing  to  enjoy  the 
blessing  of  health,  he  was  seized  about  the  26th  day  of  Decern* 
ber,  1807,  with  a  slow  fever,  of  that  kind,  which  acquires  irre- 
sistible strength  by  almost,  imperceptible  d^ees.  In  an  early 
stage  of  his  complaint,  which  commenced  while  he  was  with  his 
fond  and  anxious  father  in  London,  he  went  to  Canterbury,  to 
visit  his  amiable  mother  and  sister,  whom  he  tenderly  loved.  But 
returning  with  them  to  London,  for  the  benefit  of  medical  advice, 
he  died  there  on  the  17th  day  of  January^  1806^  and  was  inter" 
red  in  St.  Paulas  cathedral,  under  the  centre  of  the  dome;  that  in 
death,  his  body  might  sleep,  with  the  remains  of  him,  whom  i& 
Ufe  he  had  so  invariably  honoured  and  revered. 

*'  Farewell,  beloved  and  lamented  youth!  May  that  fortitude 
which  never  deserted  thee,  bind  op  the  bleeding  hearts  of  thy 
noble  relatives!  And  may  thy  gentle  spirit^  soothed  ere  long  by 
the  resignation  of  those  who  now  mourn  inconsolably,  rest  is 
everlasting  peace!  !*' 

February  l6th,  1808. 


EARL  NELSOK.  «|« 

Titles.    William  Nelson^  Earl  Nelson/  Viscoont  Merton  of 
Trafalgar,  and  Lord  Nelson  of  the  Nile,  and  of  Hilborougb^  iq 
Norfolk;   Duke  of  Bront6^  in  Sicily. 

Creations,  Baron  Nelson  of  the  Nile«  and  of  Hilborougb,  ii^ 
Norfolk,  August  4tb,  1801)  Viscount  Merton  of  Trafalgar,  and 
Earl  Nelson,  November  Wtjh,  1905  i  DuHe  of  Bront^,  in  Sicily^ 
November  7th,  I8O6. 

Arms.  Or,  a  cross  flory  Sable,  a  bend  Gules,  surmounted  by 
another  of  the  field,  charged  with  three  bombs  fired  proper:  a 
chief  undulated  Argent,  thereon  the  waves  of  the  sea,  from  which 
a  palm  tree  issuant  between  a  disabled  ship  on  the  dexter^  and  ^ 
ruinous  battery  on  the  sinister,  all  proper.  Oyer  a)l,  on  a  fes| 
wavy,  the  word  Trafalgar, 

Crests,  i .  On  a  wreath  of  the  colours,  the  stem  of  a  Spanish 
man  of  war^  proper,  thereon  inscribed  f'  San  Joseph.'* 

2.  On  a  naval  crow«.  Or,  the  chelenck,  or  plume  of  triumph, 
presented  to  Viscount  Nelson  by  the;  Grand  Seignior. 

Supporters.  On  the  dexter,  a  sailor  armed  with  a  cutlass  and 
pair  of  pistols,  in  his  bdt,  proper,  the  exterior  hand  supporting  a 
staff,  thereon  hoisted  a  commodore's  flag.  Gules;  in  the  other 
hand  a  palm-branch^  on  the  sinister,  a  lion  rampant  reguardant 
proper 5  in  his  mouth  a  broken  flag»stafF,  therefrom  flowing  ^ 
Spanish  flag.  Or  and  Gules;  in  the  lion's  paw  a  pal[h-branc()| 
Granted  I797,  augmented  179S,  and  again  I8O9. 

Jifotto-    Palmam,  aui  meruit  perat. 

(i^hirf  Seat,    Not  ^et  purchase^? 


VOL.  V,  is 


PEBRAOB  OF  ENGLAND 


PIERREPONT,  EARL  MANVEHS. 

Chakli*  (MeadowtJ  Pikxkbpomt,  the  pment  Ea«l  Haktxm, 

ii  iccond  wn  of  the  late  Philip  Meadowi,  Etq  ■  bj  Lady  FnDcei 
Rerrepont,  aiater  to  Evelyn,  last  Dnke  of  KiDg>toii,<>  who  died 

•  DcpDty  Ru^t  of  KicbmoDd  Pirk.  He  wu  Iprwigi  I  tm  Infimncd,  ttam 
the  funily  of  Mtadovi,  of  WiincihuD,  co.  Suff.  who,  Kcording  a  KiJtij't  S^ 
fia  TrartUr,  hU  a  Muc  there  rrani  the  time  of  KiDgAicbud  IIL 

k  RoB>KT  DKpit«*iPOKT  bcU  poucHloDi  uoiti  WilUun,  Earl  Wuren, 
Immediitelr  iftcT  tbe  Con^neit,  unoni  wblch  «h  (be  lordlhip  of  Hurat-Pjein. 
pant,  in  Suttei,  ind  other  tudt  of  great  eiteat  ill  that  coantjp,  iinouatiag  to  lea 
knigbti  feo. 

HvOH  de  PterrepoDt  litel  in  the  tine  of  KiiqUenrr  U.  conteo^omr  witb 
whoM  wii  RoaiRT  de  Pierrepont. 

Willi iHi  lan  of  Hugfi,  bid  iwoeoiu,  Simcin,  ud  Robert.  The  fonner  died 
without  inu. 

Sir  RotiRT  feughl  on  bcbilf  of  Hrorjr  III.  ia  che  hitUe  oF  Levee. 

Sir  HiMMV  de  Ketnpaat,  hi*  hhi  and  heir,  Diirried  Aanon,  lole  dingbtcr  la 
MiCHtti.  DB  Mjmviai,  who  died  3$  Hear;  III.  md  iliter  ind  heir  ca  LioMiL 
Dt  MtltviRt,  b]r  which  be  became  poueued  of  mkoI  li)rdihi|i(  in  Kotringbam- 
•hlir,  and  among  ihcm  the  ioidihip  of  Ihimi,  which  now  retiiu  the  name  of 
ajmt-Pittrifml.     He  died  before  10  Edward  I. 

Sir  Simon,  eldrac  ton,  leaving  oolji  a  daughter,  w»  lucceedcd  bjrbii  hra- 
tber. 

Sir  Roaiar,  who  ditiinguiibed  bistclf  la  the  gmt  Uttk  of  HaledowB, 
a(UDit  theScoU.  Camden  mt*,  he  wia  aummoned  to  puliament  aia  Birqii. 
He  mairitd  Sarah,  diogfaiei  of  Sir  John,  and  iliur  and  hejrof  John  de  Herin. 

Hmav  de  Pieiieponi,  hii  ton  lad  heir,  waa  i^cceeiled  b)i 

EdmUKD  de  PieirepoBl,  hii  brother,  wIm  died  in  GaKoigiie,  in  1370,  learUg 
b;  Joan,  daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  Ororge  Moaboucher, 

Sir  Edmund,  hii  ion  lod  heir,  who  mariied  Fnncet,  daughter  and  beii  of 
W'llliim  Fmlte,  of  Urimiby,  co.  Line,  and  wai  lucceeded  bjp  hii  ton  and  heir. 

Sir  HiNRV)  who  repntenied  Nui^ngbamihire  in  pirliament)  in  it«  Rigat  of 


EARL  MANVER8.  p2j| 

IJeptemb^r  23d^  IT7^,  without  issue,  on  which  all  his  titles  be- 
came extinct. 

Henry  V.  and  Henry  VI.  He  married  Ellen,  daughter  of  Sir  Nicholas  Laagfbrd, 
Knt.  and  was  dead  h  fore  the  31  Henry  VI. 

•  •  • 

Henry,  eldest  sun,  married  Thomasine,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Melton^  Knt. 
and  was  father  of 

Sir  Henry,  who  was  a  stout  adherent  of  the  House  of  York,  and  was  kjiighted 
II  Edward  IV.  for  his  valour  at  the  battle  of  Barton,  near  Tewksbury.  He  rer 
presented  Notts  in  parliament,  12  Edward  IV.  Dying  without  issue,  he  was 
succeeded  by 

Francis,  his  brother,  who  by  Margaret,  daughter  of  John  Burdoo,  w«s  father 
of      '    ' 
Sir  William  Pierrcpont,  Knighi-Bamteret^  who  was  in  the  battle  of  Stoke, 

near  Newark,  z  Henry  VH.  and  made  a  Knighi'of  the  Sword,  at  the  creation  of 
Henry,  Prince  of  Wales,  19  Henry  VII.  He  was  made  a  KnighuBamuret  for  his 
valour  at  the  sieges  of  Thernuenne  and  Toumay,  5  Henry  yill.  By  his  second 
wife,  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Empson,  he  was  father  of 

Sir  Gkorok,  who  wrs  made  a  Knight  of  the  Carpet,  at  the  coronation  of  Kjng 
Edward  VI.  and  died  2i8t  March/  6  Elizabeth.  By  His  second  wife,  Wini/rede, 
daughter  of  William  Thwaites,  Esq.  of  Oultop,  in  Essex,  he  was  father  of 

Sir  HsNRY  Pierrepont,  who  married  Frances,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  William 
Cavendish,  of  Chat« worth  co.  Derb.  (by  Elisabeth,  afterward^  C^ntess  of 
Shrewsbury),  aister  ^0  the  first  Earl  of  Devonshire.  He  died  March  toth,  1615, 
Iged  sixry.nine. 

RuBLRT,  his  son  and  heir,  was  educated  at  Oxford,  wjhere  he  received  the  de- 
gree of  LL.D.  1642,  and  being  of  excellent  parts,  ample  fortune,  and  great  repiir 
tattnn  in  his  country,  was  raised  to  the  Peerage^  by  the  titles  of  Baron  Pibrrb- 
PONT,  of  Bolme-Pierrepont^  and  Viscount  Nbwark,  of  com.  Notts,  by  patent 
'a9th  June,  1627,  3  Cir.  I.  and  Earl  op  Kinostok  upon  Hitll,  July  25th, 
1^28.    At  the  breaking  out  of  the  rebellion^  he  was  appointed  by  King  Charles, 
l«ieu tenant  General  of  hif  forces  within  the 'counties  of  Lincoln,  Rutland,  Hunt- 
ingdonj  Cambridge,  and  Norfolk  {  and  exerting  himself  vigorously  in  conjunction 
with  his  first  cousin,  the  Marquis  of  Newcastle,  to  oppose  the  Parliament's  com- 
mission of  array  in  those  pans,  he  was  surprised  at  Gainsborough  by  Lord  Wii- 
looghby  of  Parham,  and  being  considered  a  person  of  great  importance  to  t^e 
King's  affa'rt,  he  was  sent  towards  Hull  in  a  pinnace,  which  being  pursued  by  Sir 
Charles  davendish,  who  demanded  the  Earlj  Sir  Charles,  on  receiving  a  refusal, 
shot  at  the  pinnace  with  a  drake,  which  unforninately  killrd  the  Earl  and  his 
servant,  who  were  placed  as  a  mark  to  his  fii?nd*s  shot.     This  melancholy  fate 
happened  July  30th,  1643.  He  married  Gertrude,  daughter  and  coheir  to  Henry 
Talbot,  third  son  to  George,  Earl  of  Shrewsbury,  who  surviving  him,  died  ia 
1649,  sec.  61.     William,  his  second  son,  was  ancestor  of  the  late  Duke. 

Henry,  ison  and  heir,  second  Earl  of  Kingston,  and  first  Marquis  op 
DoRCHBSTBR,  WiS  bom  1606,  aiid  educated  at  Emanuel  coll<"ge,  Cambridge. 
Attending  King  Charles  I.  at  his  garrison  of  Oxford,  he  was  advanced  to  the  title 
•f  Marquis  of  Dorchbstcr,  eo.  Don  March  25th,  164^.  He  was  eminent 
for  his  learning,  a  great  reader,  and  well  versed  in  the  laws.  In  1658,  he  was 
admitted  FcUow  of  the  College  of  Physicians  in  London,  and  became  (as  Anthony 


628  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Sir  Philip  Makdows,  Knight-Marshal,  was  father  of  the 
above  Philip;    and  of  the  late  Sir  Sydnej  Meadows,  Koight* 

Wood  says),  their  pride  and  glory.  (See  Park's  Royal  and  Noble  Authors,  III. 
229.]  Lord  Clarendon,  in  AU  ZJfe,  II.  378,  relates  a  carious  scuffle  between 
htm  and  the  Duke  of  Buckingham  in  the  House  of  Lords,  for  which  they  were 
both  committed  to  the  Tower.  He  died  at  his  house  in  Charter-house  Yard^ 
London,  December  ist,  1680,  leaving  on'.y  two  surviving  daughters,  by  Cecilia, 
daughtfer  to  Paul,  Viscount  Banning,  his  first  wife,  Lady  Anne,  married  to  John 
'Manners,'  I/Ord  Roos,  aftewardsEarl  of  Rutland,  from  whom  she  was  divorced 
by  act  of  parliament  1666;  and  Lady  Grace,  who  died  namarried  1703. 

William  Pierrrpont,  his  next  brother,  was  seated  at  Hhortshj,  in  Notts.  He 
was  called  Wiss  William,  and  tcolc  an  active  part  in  the  public  afFaira  of 
those  days,wikhing  to  heal  the  breaches,  rather  than  widen  them}  but  siding  per^ 
haps  too  much  with  the  prevailing  powers.  He  died  before  hit  elder  brother.  In 
1679,  aged  sevency-one,  having  married  Elisabeth,  daughter  an.l  coheir  of  Sir 
*  Thomas  Harris,  Bart,  of  Tonge  Castle,  in  Shropshire,  by  whom  he  had  several 
sons*  His  youngest  son,  GervaUf  born  1649,  was  created  Lord  Fierrtfemtf  ff 
Ardglasi.  in  Ireland^  March  21st,  1703}  and  Lurd  Pierre  font,  ofHatiiape,  in 
Buehy  October  19th,  1714,  but  died  without  issue  May  tad,  17x5,  aged  sixty* 
sit,  and  those  titles  became  extinct. 

Ro»BRT,  son  and  heir  apparent  of  William,  bom  August  30th,  1636,  died  be- 
fore his  lither,  and  uncle,  in  1666,  having  married  Elisabeth,  daughter  and  coheir 
of  Sir  John  Evelyn,  of  West-Dene,  in  Wiltshire,  Knt. 

Robert,  h's  eldest  son,  succeeded  his  great  uncle  as  third  Earl  op  King* 
STON.     He  died  unmarried  1682,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  brother, 

William,  fourth  Earl  of  Kingston,  who  married  Anne,  eldest  daughter 
of  Robert,  Lord  Brook ^  but  dying  without  issue,  in  September,  1690,  was  suc- 
ceeded by  his  youngest  brother, 

Evelyn,  fourth  Earl,  and  first  Duke  of  Kingston,  who  was  created 
Marquis  of  Dorchester,  December  29ih,  1706.    On  November  4th,  1714, 
he  was  appointed  i.ord  Warden  and  Chief  Justice  in  Eyre  beyond  Trrnt,  and  was 
creited  Duke  of  Kingston,  July  20th,  1715.     On  Decen.ber  14th,  1716,  his 
Grace  was  appointed  Lr>rU  Privv  Seal;  and  February  6th,  1719,  Lord  President  of 
the  Council;  and  on  June  iich,  1720,  he  again  accepted  the  ofivce  of  Lord  Privy 
Seal.     On  April  29th,  1719,  he  wai  elected  a  Knight  of  the  Garter.     By  his 
first  witie.  Lady  Mary  Fielding,  daufhter  of  William,  Earl  of  Denbigh,  he  had 
three  daughters,  and  a  son;  viz.  i.  Lady  Mary,  wife  of  Edward  Wordey  Mon- 
tagu, Esq.  well  known  for  her  literary  talents,     (See  F9I.  IIL  art.  Sandwich. J 
2.  Lady  Frances,  wife  of  John,  Earl  of  Marr.  3.  Lady  Evelyn,  first  wife  of  John, 
Earl  Gower. 

His  Grace  married,  secondly,  August  2d,  1714,  Lady  Isabella  Bentinck,  daugh- 
ter of  William,  Earl  of  Portland,  and  by  her,  who  died  at  Paris,  1728,  had  tww 
daughters;  Lady  Caroline,  married  to  Thomas  Brand,  of  Fifteid,  in  £ssex,£aq.} 
and  Lady  Anne,  who  died  unmarried,«i739. 

William,  Viscount  Newark^  his  only  son,  bom  1692,  died  before  him,  set,  21, 
July  ist,  1713,  leaving  issue  by  Rachel,  daughter  of  Thomas  Bainion,  Esq.^a 
daughter,  Lady  Frances,  martied  to  Philip  Meadows,  Esq.  as  mentioned  in  the 
text ,  and  an  only  son. 


£ARL  MANVERS.  6%9 

Marshal/  who  died  November  ldth/1792,  aged  nioety^three;^ 
having  married  Jemima^  sister  of  the  lale  Edward  Montagu^  Esq. 
of  Sandleford^  Berks. 

Lad/  Frances  had  issue  by  Mr.  Meadows,  1.  Evelyn-Philip^ 
born  December  14th,  1736.*  2.  Charles,  present  Earl  Manvert. 
3,  Sir  Willianr,  born  December  31st,  1738>  a  General  in  the 
army;  Knight  of  the  Bath 5  and  formerly  Governor  of  Bombay 
and  Fort  St.  Greorge,  in  the  East  Indies,  who  married  Frances, 
xlaogbter  of  Robert  Hamerton>  Esq.  of  Tipperary.  4.  Ed^i^ard, 
tnarried  Mary,  daughter  of  John  Brodie,  Esq.  5.  Thomas,  died 
unmarried.  6.  Frances,  married  Lieutenant^Colond  Alexander 
Campbell,  uncle  to  Lord  Cawdor,  and  had  issue  Lieut.-Colonel 
Henry  Frederick  Campbell,  of  the  first  Rrgiment  of  foot  guards; 
and  a  daughter,  married  to  her  cousin.  Admiral  Campbell,  younger 
brother  of  Ix>rd  Cawdor. 

Charlbs  (second  son),  present  Earl  Manvbrsi  born  Novem- 
ber 14th,  1737  (formerly  Captain  in  the  navy),  succeeded  to  the 
estate  of  his  uncle,  the  late  Duke  of  Kingston,  by  devise  from 
the  Duchess,  and  took  the  name  of  Fibrrbpont,  1/88,  M.  P.-for 
Notts,  from  1778  to  1796.  On  July- 23d,  1796,  he  was  raised  to 
ihit  Peerage,  by  the  title  of  Baron  Fibrrbpont,  and  Viscount 
Nbwark;  and  on  April  1st,  I6O6,  was  elevated  to  an  Earldom, 
by  the  title  of  Earl  Manvbrs. 

His  Lordship  m^arried,  on  March  14th,  1774,  Anne  Orton, 
youngest  daughter  of  William  Mills,  Esq.  of  Richmond,  in  Sur. 
rey,  by  whom  he  has  had  issue, 

1.  Evelyn  Henry  Frederick,  born  January  18th,  1775>  elected 
M.P.  for  Notts,  1796,  died  October  22d,  1801. 

2.  Charles  Herbert^  Viscount  Newark^  born  August  1  Itb,  177^» 

V 

Wjlliam,  who,  on  his  grandfather*8  death,  March  5th,  1726,  succeeded  him 
as  SECOND  Duke  op  Kinqston.  His  Grace  died  at  Bath,  Sept.  23d,  17739  and 
«n  his  titles  became  ex lioct;  he  having  left  no  issue  by  his  wife,  the  celebraud 
Miss  Chiidleigh,  whom  he  married,  March  8th,  1769}  and  who  having  been  be* 
fart  married,  on  August  4th,  1744,  to  the  Hon.  Augostus  John  Hervey,  after- 
wards third  Earl  of  Bristol  (who  surrived  the  Duke  till  1779),  her  Grace  was 
tried  for  bigamy  before  the  House  of  Peers,  on  April  15th,  16th,  I9th>  20th»  and 
36th,  1776,  and  was  foand  guiity.  After  the  trial,  she  quitted  the  country,  and 
resided  at  St.  Petersburgh,  aad  many  other  courts.  She  died  at  Paris  17&8,  aged 
sitty-eight. 

c  Sir  Philip  Meadows  was  author  of  «  Oliervations  concerning  the  Domi- 
nion )ind  Sovereignty  of  the  Seas)  being  an  abstract  of  the  Marine  Affairs  of 
England;**  410.  about  1690* 

^  See  Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  LXII.  p.  10609  121 8,  1236. 
«  On  him  and  his  issue 9  Sir  Sydney  entailed  his  esUtes. 


uT 


^3d  PEEaAOE  OP  £N6IiANl). 

» 

k  Captdn  in  the  oav/j  and  is  now  M«  P.  for  Notts^  in  wkidi  ht 
abcceeded  his  brother,  married,  August  31$t,  1804,  Miss  Ejre^ 
eldest  daughter  of  Anthony  Hardolph  Eyre,  Esq.  M.  P.  for  Notts. 

3.  Henry  Manvers,  bom  March  16th«  17S0,  late  Envoy  to  Den- 
mark, candidate  for  Dover,  1607« 

4.  Frances,  born  June  19th,  178I,  married  October  20th,  1802> 
Captain  William  Bentinck,  R.  N.  and  has  a  son,  bom  July  I7thj 
1803. 

5.  Philip  Sydney,  born  June  I3th,  1786. 

TUles.  Charles  Pierrepont,  Earl  Manvers,  Viscount  Newark^ 
and  Lord  Pierrepont. 

Creations.  Baron  Pierrepont,  and  Viscount  Newark,  July  add, 
17963  and  Earl  Manvers,  April  ist,  I8O6. 

Arms.  Argent,  seme  of  cinquefoils  Gules,  a  Hon  rampant 
Sable. 

CresU  On  a  wreath^  a  lion  rampant^  Sable;  between  two 
wings  erect.  Argent. 

Supporters,    Two  lions.  Sable,  armed  and  langued  Gules* 

MqUO,      PlB   HEPONB   TB. 

ChitfSeai*   Thoresby  Park,  in  the  Forest  of  Sherw/x)dj  Notts. 


WALPOLE,  EARL  OF  ORFORD. 

All  ■  oar  aDtiquariei  agree,  that  surname*  bave  been  taken  from 
towDB,  offices.  Sec.  and  that  this  family  bad  denomiDation  from 
Waipole,  in  Norfolk,  where  they  were  enteofied  of  lands  belong- 
ii^  lo  the  see  of  Ely,  and  were  jn  England  before  the  Conquest, 
u  appears  iron  aeveral  antborities.  The  learned  Camden**  also 
asierti,  tb€U  tht  vumtr  of  Walpole  gme  iolk  that,  and  WUbich,  in 
the  hie  of  Ely,  to  the  monastery  of  Ely,  at  the  tame  time  that  he 
made  Au  younger  ton,  Alwin,  a  monk  there;  which  ii  l^nber 
evident,  ftom  King  Edward  the  Confessor's  oonfirmatitm  of  the 
town  of  Walpole'  to  the  sud  monastery. 

There  are  two  diidnct  parishes  in  the  town  of  that  name]'* 
m.  WiUpoU  St.  Andrews,  and  WaJfole  St.  Peter't;  at  which  last 
the  family  had  its  residence,  as  appeav  by  andent  cbarten  in  the 
cnstody  of  the  late  Sir  Robert  Watpole,  created  Earl  of  Orford. 

The  first  that  occurs,  is  RssiNkLD  oi  Walpolk,  living  aboot 
the  time  of  the  Conquest,  as  may  be  presumed,  as  being  called 
fiither  of 

RiCBAKD  na  Walpolb,  in  a  deed  (without  date),  of  Walter, 
son  of  William  de  Havclloo,  or  Honton  '  (who  was  Lord  of  the 
the  town  of  Houton,  since  written  Honghton),  wherein  be  gave 
to  the  aaid  Richard,  in  marriage  with  Emma  bis  daughter,  alt  bit 
lands,  appurtenances,  &c.  in  Rmdon,  a  parish  in  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Houghton,  where  the  family  of  Walpole  has  resided  sinco 
this  marriage. 

It  is  probable  that  the  said  Richard  was  father  to 

■  Camdcn't  Rcouint,  in  loco  igmiinci. 

k  BfiMniiii  ia  com.  Vott.  <  Daidale'*  MousiIcob,  I.  94. 

'  lata  Villarit,  J69.  •  Ei  oris,  cirt.  Mo.  i,  pcnn  Cmnil.  4c  Orford. 


«Si  PEERAGE  OF  EMGLAKi). 

Hbwrt  ie  Walpol,  who  is  recorded  to  bold  one  knight's  f<S6 
in  Hoaghton^  in  the  reign  of  Henxy  II.  of  the  fee  of  Blauroisteo 
and  a  fourth  part  of  a  knight's  fee  of  the  honour  of  Wyrmgey. 
^his  Henry  de  Walpol^  is  mentioned  to  be  a.knight,  in  a  release 
without  date  (as  customary  in  those  times)^  of  Alexander  de 
Cokefield>  and  Richard^  his  soui  whereby  s  they  quitted  to  the 
said  Sir  Henry»  and  Isabel  his  wife,  all  their  right  in  twenty-two 
acres  of  land  in  the  fields  of  Walpol^  whereunto  was  witness 
Stephen  de  Walpol,  and  others.  He  is  also  mentioned  as  a  knight, 
in  a  deed  without  date,^  of  Nicholas,  son  of  Roger  Heved,  of 
Houton,  being  a  witness  to  his  grant  of  lands  in  the  fields  of 
Houton. 

Another  HsiiRT  de  IValpoU  (probably  son  of  the  former),  was 
a  person  of  such  eminency>  that,  adhering  to  the  Barons  in  the 

I 

reigil  of  King  John,  dnd  being  taken  prisoner,  he  was  obliged  t6 
pay  a  fine  of  an  hundred  pounds,  before  he  could  obtain  his  deli* 
verance  (a  great  sum  in  those  days),  as  appears  from  the  KingV 
mandate  to  Peter  de  Maule,^  dated  at  Lincoln,  September  18th» 
1216,  wherein  he  signifies  his  receiving  satisfaction  for  the  said  fioe^ 
and  commands  him  to  release  the  said  Henry  from  pris6n,  he 
giving  security,  by  oath  and  by  his  charter,  fiiithfuUy  to  adhere  to 
the  King,  oti  forfeiture  of  all  his  lands,  if  he  should  again  revolt. 
And  King  Henry  III.  in  the  first  year  of  his  reign>^  commatads 
the  Sheriff  of  Lincoln  to  deliver  to  him  all  those  lands  in  that 
county,  whereof  he  was  possessed  when  he  fell  from  his  allegiance 
to  King  John,  bis  father.  This  letter  was  dated  at  Oxford,  June 
2<)th,  1217,  and  sealed  with  the  seal  of  William,  Earl  Marshal^ 
styled  the  King's  Justice,  because  (as  the  record  says)^  the  King 
had  yet  no  seal. 

He  was  succeeded  by  John  de  Walpol,*  who  was  also  engaged 
in  the  same  cause;  and  returning  to  his  allegiance,  Henry  IIL  on 
Oct6ber  27th  (eight  days  after  King  John's  death),  ™  writes  to 
the  Sheriffs  of  Cambridge  and  Norfolk,  forthwith  to  deliver  to 
him  all  the  lands  which  he  had  at  the  time  he  revolted  from  King 
John,  his  father.  Jn  1235,  he,  with  Isabel  his  wife,  held  of  Roger 
Bigot,  Earl  of  Norfolk,  in  Great  Ringsted,  in  Holme  (two  towns 
near  to  Houghton,  which  now  pay  a  quit-rent  to  the  family),  the 

^  £1  Lib.  MS.  vocat  Ant.  TcAur.  de  Cum.  Norf. 

S  £z  ofig*  Cart.  No.  9.  ^  Carta,  n.  3. 

'  Rot.  Pat.  1%  Joh.  m.  2.  n.  14.  k  Claus.  i  Henry  III.  m.  \^% 

'  £s  Ub.  MS.  de  }AQr(.  prsd.  »  Claus.  1  Henry  111.  n.  15* 


ISARL  OF  ORFO&D.  683 

ibUrth  part  of  a  knig^t*8  fee.  In  1053,  ht^  was  one  of  the  Jurors 
x>f  Norfolk  at  the  Pieas  at  Westminster;  and^  the  same  year,  gave 
to  the  King  "*  half  a  mark  to  have  a  writ  to  remove  a  caose,  de- 
|>ending  in  the  county  court,  to  the  cburt  of  Common -Pleas ;  for,  in 
those  days,  a  considerable  revenue  p  accrued  to  the  crown  by  fines 
paid  on  account  at  law^  and  fines  to  have  justice  and  right.  In  a 
charter  without  date,  of  Maker  Frost  de  Well,  he  is  written  ^Do^ 
mino  Johanni  de  ff'aipol,  Militi,  the  said  Walter  granting  him 
diveh  lands^  and  a  fishery  called  Neuvere,  kc 

The  said  Sir  John  de  Walpol,  in  14  Henry  III.  on  the  King's 
sailing  into  firittaoy,  tad  letters  of  ^rotection>  being  one  of  the 
King's  retinue.  By  Isabel  his  wife,  he  had  several  8on8>  as  the 
deeds  shew. 

Henry  de  Walpol  was  his  son  and  heir  j  William  and  Ralph 
were  younger  sons. 

William  de  Walpol,  writing  himself'  son  of  John  de  Walpol, 
gave  to  Henry,  son  of  Sir  John  de  Walpol,  Knt.  and  Henry,  his 
son,  and  their  heirs,  lands  in  Thornmere,  in  Walpol,  dated  at 
Walpol,  in  the  25th  of  King  £dward,  son  of  King  Henry.  And 
by  another  charter,  dated*in.the  same  year,  he  gave  *  to  the  said 
Henry  Walpol  (who  is  mentioned  to  be  a  Knight),  and  Henry, 
his  son,  other  lands  in  Walpol. 

Ralph  de  Walpol,  also  writing  himself  son  of  John,  and  clerk 
of  Houton,^  gave,  by  deed,  without  date^  to  Thomas  de  Cleoch- 
wardetoun  one  piece  of  land,  called  Longland,  in  the  fields  of 
Houton;  wherennto  was  a  witness,  Sir  Henry  Walpol,  and  others* 
This  Ralph  is,  without  doubt,  the  same  Ralph  de  Walpol,  who 
was  Bishop  of  Norwich^  and  of  Elys  his  arms  are  in  glass  in  the 
t»tbedral  of  Ely  -,  also  the  register  of  Walpol  St.  Peter's,  recites 
bis  being  born  there.  He  obtained  the  dignity  of  Archdeacon  of 
Ely,"^  in  1271,  and  was  elected  Bishop  of  Norwich,  on  No* 
vember  11th,  1266.  'On  his  confirmation,  John  Peckham,  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury,  addressed  him  in  this  manner.  ^  My  Lord 
electa  *  There  has  been  an  evil  custom  prevailing  in  the  diocese  of 
Norwich,  of  receiving  the  first-fruits  of  the  livings  in  your  diocese^ 
which  proceeds  from  a  spirit  of  covetousness,  and  is  displeasing 


••) 


n  MS.  in  Bibl.  Cotton,  sub  "EMg.  Titqs  A.  VIl.  fol.  47. 

•  Rot.  Fin.  38  Henry  111.  ol  3.  f  Madoz's  Higt.  of  Excfacq.  p.  2931 

1  Carta,  N.  5.  r  Carta.  %$  Edward  1.  n.7. 

•  Carta,  35  Edward  I.  n.  8,  t  Carta,  n.  4. 

V  Leneve*s  Fasti  Ecd.  Angl.  p.  73. 

*  WhartOii's  An^.  3acra,  parf  prima,  p.  4i}«  X  Ibid. 


1184  P£ERA6B  OP  ENGLAND. 

bolh  to  God  and  man.  Let  me  therelbie  penoade  yoa,  if  y<m 
have  any  oonoern  for  joor  soul**  bealtfa^  to  lay  aside  this  enl 
costouiy  which  will  thus  tend  to  the  public  advantage*'  To  which 
be  made  replj^  *  I  shall  freely  cooseot  to  what  yoa  have  desired 
of  me^  and  promise  to  do  all  that  is  in  my  power  to  prevent  it/ 
This  was  transacted  at  Sotith*Malling,  in  Kent^  after  his  retam 
to  England^  from  waiting  on  the  King  on  the  frontieri  of  Ana- 
gon,  where  he  obtained  the  royal  assent  i  and,  by  patent,  dated 
February  7th,  the  Ring  recites,  *  That  the  church  of  Nwwkh, 
having  elected  that  discreet  Man^  Mr.  Ralph  de  Walpol,  Arch- 
deacon of  Ely,  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Norwich,  he  confirms  the 
said  election,  and  commands  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  (John 
Peckham),  William  de  Redham,  and  Peter  de  L^cester«  to  deliver 
to  him  the  temporalities,  &c.  whereupon  be  was  consecrated  in  the 
church  of  Canterbury  (as  the  register  of  Walpole  St.  Peter*s  sett 
forth),  on  March  20th  foUowing,  being  Mid-Lent  Sunday.  He 
sat  in  the  See  of  Norwich  about  ten  years,  and  then,  on  the  death 
of  William  de  Luda,  Bishop  of  Ely,  was  translated  by.  the  Pope 
to  ElTj  on  a  great  contention  about  that  Bishoprick.  The  con- 
vent of  Ely  had  obtained  the  King*s  leave  to  proceed  to  an  dec* 
tion,  but  could  not  agree  among  themselves;*  one  part  (and  the 
greater),  made  choice  of  John  Salmon,  their  Prior;  the  rest,  of 
John  de  Langton  (then  the  King's  Chancellor),  after  Bishop  of 
Chichester;  and  the  election  being  thus  in  dispute,  the  merits  of 
it  were  laid  before  Robert  Winchelsea»  Archbishop  of  Canter* 
bury,  who,  ^  keeping  the  cause  depending,  to  the  great  expense 
of  both  parties,  without  any  determination^  an  appeal  was  made 
to  the  Pope  at  Rome,  where  both  parties  appealing,  his  Holiness^ 
being  unwilling  to  put  by  Salmon,  gave  the  Monks  liberty  to 
proceed  to  a  new  election;  but  this  not  being  satisfactory  to  the 
Monks,  the  Pope,  to  make  an  end  of  the  dispute,  translated  Wal* 
pole  to  Ely,  by  his  Bull,  bearing  date,  15th  Julii,  1299,  and  made 
Salmon  Bishop  of  Norwich. 

This  controversy  is  somewhat  differently  related  by  Bishop 
Godwin,  in  his  Account  of  the  Bishops  ;<^  but  in  this  he  agrees^ 
that  the  Pope,  by  his  own  absolute  authority,  removed  Ralph 
Walpole  from  Norwich  to  Ely,  who,  departing  this  life /on  March 
20th,  1301-2,  was  buried  on  April  1st  following,  in  the  Presby- 
tery before  the  high  altar  of  his  church,  under  one  of  the  five 

*  Rot.  Pat.  17  Edward  1.  m.  it. 

*■  Bishop  Godwin^!  Cat.  of  the  Biahops  of  England,  p.  211. 

*  Ex  Regist.  Walpole's  St.  Peter's,  «  Cat.  ut'antea. 


EARL  OF  ORFORD.  033 

\irge  gircjr  marble  stones/  which  lie  in  the  middle  of  the  itte^ 
near  the  tomb  of  Bishop  Redman;  the  effigies  fxf  a  Bishop,  with 
shields  of  arras,  &c.  being  plated  in  brass  thereon;  but  those 
plates,  as  weU  as  the  inscriptions,  are  now  torn  off.  This  Prelate 
gave  several  priestly  vestments  to  his  charcb ;  was  also  a  benefac- 
tor to  it  in  other  respects;  and  having,  in  both  his  Sees,  behaved 
with  great  prudence  and  honour,  he  justly  merits  this  memorial 
of  htm. 

But  now  I  return  to  Heary,  the  elder  brother  of  this  Bisbop> 
who  succeeded  his  father.  Sir  John  Walpol,  in  the  raanora  of 
Walpol  and  Houton  (as  it  was  anciently  written),  part  of  which 
were  held  by  the  service  of  a  quarter  of  a  knight  s  fee  of  the  Lord 
Bardolph,  and  that  Lord  of  the  £arl  Warren;  and  other  lands  by 
the  service  of  one  fee  (as  said),  of  Blaminster  fee.  This  Henry 
was  suspected  of  taking  part  with  the  Barons  in  their  wars  with 
Henry  III.  for  Simon  Montfort,  the  younger  (one  of  the  moat 
potent  persons  then  in  rebellion),  having  ^possessed  himself  of  the 
isle  of  Ely  in  50  Henry  III.  John  le  Brettin,  in  51  Henry  III. 
was  assigned  to  inquire  whether  this  Henry  de  Walpol''  was 
against  the  King  in  the  said  Isle  of  Ely,  or  elsewhere^  making 
depredations,  &c.  on  his  faithful  subjects.  About  the  same  tiibey 
he  was  a  Justice  of  goal-delivery,  and  sold  lands  by  deed,  sans 
date,  to  John  de  Spalding  (Burgess  of  Lenn),  in  Tyrington,  and 
sealed,  as  by  his  deed  appears,  with  a  Fess  between  two  Chevrojis} 
the  witnesses  thereto  being  Sir  William  de  Tyrington,  and  Sir 
John  de  Wygenhale,  &c.  In  5  Edward  I.s  he  is  mentioned  to 
have  a  mansion-house  in  Ely,  in  a  deed  whereby  the  prior  and 
c:hapter  of  Ely  grant  to  Adam  de  Santo  Albano,  a  messuage,  with 
the  out-houses>  in  the  parish  of  the  blessed  Virgin  Mary,  in  the 
town  of  Ely,  lying  between  the  messuage  of  the  sacrist  of  Ely, 
and  the  messuage  of  William  de  Irenmonger,  and  opposite  to  the 
mansion  of  Sir  Henry  de  Walepole>  Kot.  And  ^^  he  was  written. 
Domino  Henrico  de  Walpol,  Milit.  in  a  chafer  of  Walter  Faber, 
of  Appyleton,  dated  at  RudhaYn.  In  25  Edward  I.  he '  was  among 
those  of  greatest  note  in  the  counties  of  Norfolk  and  Suffolk, 
who  were  summoned  to  be  at  London,  on  the  Sunday  after  the 

^  Ex  collect.  Brown  Wiilis  Armig. 

*  Dvgd.  Warw.  p.  163,  ex  Chron.  Abend.  f«  122,  «• 

f  Pat.  51  Henrjr  IIL  dorto  Norf* 

t  £x  Regist.  Prior  de  E'y,  p,  497,  penes  Dom.  W.  Wyndham,  Bart 

b  Carta,  8  Edward  I.  n.  6. 
^  MS,  ID  Blbl.  Cotton,  sub.  Eifi.  Claudius.  C.  2.  p.  pt* 


636  PEBftAGE  OF  EN6LAKD. 

octavo  of  St.  John  Baptist^  apparelled  with  hone  and  armx, 
aooording  to  their  degree^  to  pass  with  the  King  beyond  the  seas, 
fir  thdr  own  hommr,  and  ths  Sftfeiy  of  tkeir  King  and  kingdom, 
as  the  words  of  the  writ  import.  This  expedition  was  for  the 
relief  of  Goy,  Earl  of  Flanders^''  at  that  linoe  oppressed  by  the 
French  King,  who  had  taken  several  towns  belonging  to  him.  In 
Ug  Edward  1.  he  had  the  like  sumoions^^  with  divers  other  great 
men,  to  attend  the  King  at  Berwick  upon  Tweed,  on  the  feast  of 
8t  John  Baptist's  nativity,  well  appointed  with  horse  and  arms, 
to  march  against  the  Scots,  according  to  the  tenure  of  lands  held 
by  him  in  the  comities  of  Cambridge  and  Huntingdon.  In  the 
same  year,  Edmund  Gurgun,  of  Westrudham,  grants  to  Henry,™ 
son  of  Sir  John  Walpol,  Knt.  and  to  Henry,  his  son,  and  the  heirs 
of  the  said  Henry,  the  son,  all  bis  right  and  daim  in  the  lands 
called  Grancrundell,  in  Houton,  which  Alice,  late  wife  of  Ralph, 
son  of  Hugh  de  Loverd,  of  Houton,  held  in  dower. 

This  Sir  Henry  de  Walpole  married  Isabel,  daughter  of  Sir 
Peter  ntz-Osbert,°  and  heir  to  her  brother,  Sir  Roger  Fitft-Osbert» 
summoned  to  parliament  among  the  Barons,  of  the  realm,  in  22 
Edward  I.  Which  Isabel,  surviving  the  said  Sir  Henry,  was  mar- 
ried, secondly,  to  Sir  Walter  Jernegan,  by  which  match  the  lord- 
ship of  Somerley  town,  with  other  lands  (as  Camden  <»  observes), 
devolved  on  the  Jemegans,P  or  Jerninghams,  after  the  death  of 
Sir  Roger  Fitz-Osbert.  She  in  34  Edward  I.  was  by  inquisition, 
fouikl  to  be  one  of  the  cousins  and  heirs  of  Roger  Fitz-Peter  Fitz- 
Osbert  (and  John,  son  of  Alice  Negoun,  was  the  other.)  She  de- 
ceased about  1311,  and  held  a  third  part  of  the  manor  of  Houton 
in  dower,  as  appears  by  a  charter  of  that  date,^  -  wherein  she  i» 
styled  the  Lady  Isabella  Gemegayn,  late  wife  of  Sir  Henry  Wal- 
pol,  Knt.  father  of  Sir  Henry  Walpol,  Knt.  then  living.    Which 

Sir  Hbnry  Walpol  is  '  written  son  of  Sir  Henry  Walpol,  Knt. 
in  a  charter  of  John  Estcroft,  wherein  he  grants  to  him,  and  hia 
heirs,  certain  lands  in  Walpole,  dated  at  the  church  of  St.  Peter 
in  Walpol^  the  Wednesday  after  the  feast  of  St.  Benedict  the 
Abbot,  in  33  Edward  I.  In  35  Edward  I.  it  was  found  by  in*. 
quisition,  before  John  le  Harsike,  Coroner  of  the  county  of  Nor- 

^  Hittory  of  England,  Vol.  I.  p.  197. 

1  Ciaus.  39  Edward  I.  m.  13,  and  Ryle>*8  Plac.  Pari.  p.  491* 

"1  Carta,  29  Edward  I.  No.  9.  »  Ex  Stemmate  de  Famil.  Jernegan. 

o  Britannia  in  com.  Suff.  Vol.  L  p.  4^1. 

P  Still  seated  at  Cossey,  and  now  claimants  to  the  ancient  Barony  of  Stafiord. 

9  Carta,  4  Edward  IJ.  no.  13.  '  Carta,  33  Edward  I.  n.  1  j. 


•     EARL  OF  ORPORD.  03^ 

folk,  that  the  said  Henry  Ue  Walpol  *  was  Lord  of  the  manor  and 
villages  of  Houton,  and  that  Roger  Ketleston,  who  was  outlawed 
for  felony,  held  of  him  one  m^auage,  and  fifty-two  acres  of  land, 
by  service,  and  5  s.  a  year  rcntj  also  other  lands,  at  the  rent  of 
l^d.  He  was  knighted  either  before^  or  in  the  first  year  of  Ed* 
ward  II.  for  at  a  sessions  of  the  sewers  held  that  year  at  Cow- 
stowe  (within  the  liberties  of  Tilney)>  on  the  Monday  after  th^ 
feast  of  the  apostles  Peter  and  Paul/  Sir  Henry  de  WalpoJ,  Knt. 
and  the  Prior  of  Mcremond,  appeared  for  the  Prior  of  Izworth, 
and  took  exceptions  against  a  verdict  found  by  the  Jurors,  **  That 
the  sea-bank,  from  Stone-Cross  to  Cowstowe,  was  then  in  good 
repair)  viz.  in  breadth  twelve  feet,  and  as  high  as  necessary j*' 
when  they  aliedged.  That,  from  Lakebrigge  to  Cowstowt,  there 
was  not  any  sea^lank  or  marsh'WaU,  but  a  causey  for  driving  of 
cattle  belonging  to  the  towns  of  Upwell  and  Utwell,  which  was  no 
safeguard  to  any  mans  land,  yet  was  sufficient  for  the  passage  of 
cattle,  with  some  repair  of  a  few  defects  therein,  '  And  requirii^ 
judgment  from  the  Commissioners  of  Sewers,  ihat  the  persons  who 
had  benefit  by  such  driving  of  their  cattle,  should  contribute  to 
the  making  and  repair  thereof,  as  it  was  the  custom  of  the  coun* 
try,  and  as  the  King's  commission  did  direct.  It  was  published 
accordingly,  and  the  Jurors  were  amerced  for  their  erroneous  pre- 
sentment of  it  as  a  sea  bank.  In  the  4th  of  Edward  II.  Robert 
de  Saham,  and  Adam  de  Chamberleyn,"  grant  to  Sir  Henry  de 
Walpol,  Knt,  son  of  Sir  Henry  de  Walpol,  Knt.  and  to  Alice 
his  wife,  and  their  heirs,  two  parts  of  the  manor  of  Houton,  near 
Harpele,  with  all  lands,  tenements,  rents,  services^  &c.  as  also 
the  lands  and  tenements  which  Sir  Henry  de  Walpol,  Knt.  ^ther 
of  the  aforesaid  Sir  Henry,  acquired  of  Asceline,  daughter  of 
Hugh  de  Loverd,  of  Houton,  in  the  aforesaid  village,  of  the  fee 
of  Wyrmgeye : .  and  grant  to  the  said  Henry,  and  Alice,  the  third 
part  of  the  said  manor,  which  the  Lady  Isabel  Gemegayn,  late  wife 
of  the  said^ir  Henry  Walpol,  Knt.  father  of  the  said  Sir  Henry, 
held  in  dowers  also  sixty  acres  of  land  in  Walpol,  and  Walton, 
which  Sir  Henry  de  Walpol,  father  of  the  said  Sir  Henry,  had  of 
the  inheritance  of  bis  father,  and  purchased  of  Adam  Mustrel, 
Which  charter  is  dated  at  Walpol,  on  Monday,  the  feast  of  St, 
Andrew  the  Apostle,  in  4  Edward  II.  the  witnesses  thereto  being 
Sir  Geff.  de  Colvile,  Sir  Walter  de  Calthorp,  Sir  Thomas  de  Suit- 

•  Record.  B'lndfl  in  Tnrri  Lend. 
*  Dugdale*s  Hj»t.  of  Imbanktng,  p.  24B.  «  Cartt,  Edward  II.  n.  139 


038  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

terton*  and  Sir  John  de  Fretton,  Knights.  Also,  the  vame  year, 
he  obtained  a  writ  ^  to  the  Sheriff  of  Norfolk,  to  apprehend  Re- 
ginald Atte  Greene^  of  Houton>  who^  being  his  Bailiff  in  Hoaton^ 
and  having  the  care  and  administration  of  all  his  affairs  and  goods^ 
had  withdrawn  himself,  witfaoat  rendering  any  account.  In  6 
Edward  II.  the  Sheriff  of  Norfolk  was  ordered  by  the  King> 
writ,  to  impannel  a  jury  of  twenty-fbnr,  as  well  knights  as  others, 
of  the  neighbourhood  of  Houton^  to  decide  apon  oath,  whether 
Thomas  Canne,  of  Hoaton,  did  not,  on  the  nativity  of  the  blessed 
Virgin  Mary,  2  Edward  II.  throw  down  the  fold  of  the  said 
Henry  de  Walpol,  on  bis  ground  at  Houton,  and  had  not  chaced 
an  hundred  sheep,  of  the  value  of  ten  pounds,  a  great  part  of 
which  were  thereby  destroyed.  Also,  the  same  year,  the  Sheriff 
was  ordered  to  impannel  a  jury,  in  a  cause  depending  between 
this  Henry  de  Ayalpol,  and  the  Prior  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem, 
who  accused  him  of  throwing  down,  on  the  feast  of  St.  Andrew 
the  Apostle,  1305,  certain  crosses  erected  at  Houton*,  on  the 
houses  of  John,  son  of  Roger  de  Ketilston,  tenant  of  the  said 
PHor.  The  year  following,  the  said  Henry  had  a  cause  .depend- 
ing for  a  messuage  and  fifty- two  acres  of  land  in  Houton/  against 
John,  son  of  Roger  de  Ketilston,  and  Roger  de  Ketilston,  and 
Sibill  his  wife:  whereupon  the  Sheriff  of  Norfolk  was  ordered  to 
summon  a  jury  of  $ileen  persons,  as  well  knights  as  others,  of  the 
oeighbourbood  of  Houton,  who  bad  each  an  estate  of  100  shillings 
per  annum,  at  the  least,  to  decide  the  same. 

This  Sir  Hpnry  de  Walpole,  and  Robert  Baynard,^  were  chosen 
Knights  of  the  Shire  for  the  county  of  Norfolk,  in  the  parliament 
that  met  at  Lincoln,  in  9  Edward  If.  wherein*  it  was  ordered, 
that  none  should  depart  without  the  King's  special  licence.  This 
parliament,  as  appears  by  a  writ,<^  and  ^  other  authorities,  was 
principally  summoned  to  settle  the  perambulations  of  forests  made 
in  the  reign  of  Edward  I.  but  were  not  well  observed.  In  l5  Ed- 
ward II.  he  was  one^  of  the  Commissioners  for  the  county  of 
Norfolk,  who  were  appointed  to  assess  and  collect  a  subsidy  of  a 
l|ixth,  granted  to  the  ^ing  in  parliamrnt;  and,  in  the  roll  of  assess- 
ment, Adam  de  Walpol,  and  William  de  Walpol,  are  charged. 


*  Ex  Grig.  in'TttfTi  Lond.  y  CUus.  9  Edward  II.  m.  i6,  dors* 

'  Pryo*s  fourth  Part  of  a  Brief  Register,  p.  43. 

*  Claut.  9  Edward  II.  id.  3,  dors. 

^  Waltinghain^s  Hist.  Ang.  and  Ypodigma,  anno  1316. 

c  Sa  Rot.  dt  Attti,  penes  pr^phon.  Di»m.  Rob.  Walpole* 


^RL  OF  ORFORD.  Oig 

Alio>  io  the  jtas  following,  he  was  returned  into  Chancery^ 
among  the  Knights,  who  (with  other  persons  of  note),  were  ce^« 
tified  to  Ifear  ancient  arms,  from  tAdr  ancestors^  He  parcbaied 
divers  lands  in  Walpol,  and  Houton,  as  is  evident  from  several 
4eed8,  bearing  date  from  the  second  year  of  Edward  IL  to  th^ 
ae?enth  year  of  £dward  III.  and  was  living  in  the  ninth  of  £d« 
ward  III.«  when,  with  Alice  his  wife^  he  constituted  Henry^ Vicar 
of  the  church  of  Hoaton,  to  deliver  seisin  to  John  de  Ketilston. 
and  others,  of  two  pieces  of  ground  at  Willisgreen,  in  the  fielda 
of  Hontonj  and  departing  this  life  soon  after,  left  issu^  Henry, 
bis  son  and  heir. 

Which  Hbvkt  de  Walpol  was  returned  one  of  the  Knights  ' 
lor  the  county  of  Norfolk,  to  the  parliament  summoned  to  meet 
at  York,  on  Friday  before  the  feast  of  St.  Nicholas,  in  7  £d« 
ward  IIL  He  was  the  first  witness  s  to  a  charter  of  Williami 
Coria,  dated  at  Houton,  in  10  Edward  IIL  also  to  divers  other 
charters,  in  the  reigns  of  Edward  III.  and  Richard  II.  relating  to 
his  manors  of  Houton,  Harpeley,  &c.  in  one  ^  of  which,  bearing 
date  in  6  Richard  II.  Edmund,  his  son,  is  witness  with  him.  In 
the  11  £(kvard  III.  William  le  Gross,  parson  of  fientley  Parva, 
in  Essex,  as  a  trustee,  settled  the  manor  of  Houghton  on  this 
Heniy  de  Walpole,  and  Joan  his  wife.  In  12  Richard  II.  he  was 
appointed  *  to  levy  the  tenth  and  fifteenth  in  the  county  of  Nor- 
folk 3  and  lived  to  be  very  aged;  for,  in  g  Henry  IV.  being  written 
Henry  de  Walpol,''  senior,  he  settles,  in  trust,  on  Sir  William 
Calthorp,  Sir  John  de  Colvyle,  Knights,  and  others,  all  his  lands 
and  tenements  in  Houton,  Westrudham,  Harpeley,  Sec.  with  all 
rents,  services,  &c.  homages,  wards,  marriages,  &c.  woods,  wa- 
ters, fisheries,  &c.  they  paying  to  Catherine,  his  daughter*,  an 
annual  rent  of  four  marks  during  her  life;  to  which  charter  a  fair 
teal  is  appendant,  of  a  Fess  with  three  Cross-Crosslets,  between 
two  Cheverons,  circumscribed,  S.  H.  WALPOL. 

He  was  succeeded  ^  by  a  son  of  his  own  name,  Hbnry  Walpol, 
Esq.™  who,  in  6  Henry  VI.  grants  the  manor  of  Crymplesbam, 
to  Sir  Simon  Felbrigge,  Knt.  Sir  John  Howard,  Knt.  and  othen. 

•t  MS.  in  Bibl.  Cotton.  Claudius.  C.  2. 

«  Carta,  9  Edward  III.  11.24. 

f  Pryn's  fourth  Pirt  of  a  Brief.  Reg.  p.  122. 

f  Carta,  10  Edward  III.  n.  25.  ^  Ibid.  6  Richard  IL  n.  48. 

*  Rot.  Fin.  IS  Richard  II.  m.  18.  ^  Carti,  9  Henry  IV.  n.  54. 

'  fjK,  Regtit.  Yocat  Hyrning  in  Cur.  Prcrog.  Norwic. 

«  Rot,  Pat.  6  Hcnrjr  VI.  p.  2. 


040  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

He  is  also  mentioned  in  several  charters  relating  to  his  noanois  of 
Houton,  &c.  in  that  reign;  and  in  the  12th  of  Henry  VI.  when 
the  title  of  the  house  oP  York  began  to  be  set  on  foot,  and  Com* 
tnissioners  thereupon  appointed  in  every  shire,  to  suaimons  all 
persons  of  the  best  note,  and  tender  them  an  oath  for  the  obser- 
vation of  articles  concluded  on  in  the  parliament  then  held;  this 
Hekiry  Walpool,  Esq.*^  and  John  Walpool  (as  the  name  was  then 
written),  were  returned  among  those  of  the  first  qoality  in  the 
county  of  Norfolk,  who  u-ere  sworn  to  the  observance  of  the  said 
articles,  and  to  keep  the  peace  for  themselves  and  retainers. 

Henbt  Walpool,  before-mentioned,  survived  till  the  20ih  of 
Henry  VI.  as  appears  by  his  last  will,  bearing  date,  at 'Houghton, 
on  Friday,  the  feast  of  St.  Cruse,  1442, 20  Henry  VI.""  and  proved 
at  Norwich,  June  27th,  the  same  year.  *'  He  bequeaths  his 
body  to  be  buried  in  the  church  of  St.  Martin,  of  Howton,  near 
his  wife,  and  that  his  executors  bestow  XX  marks  in  the  &brick 
of  the  said  church,  and  XX  marks  on  masses,  and  other  works  of 
piety,  for  his  soul,  and  the  sduls  of  his  parents,  friends,  and  bene- 
factors, and  all  the  faithful  deceased.  He  bequeaths  to  Martin, 
bis  son,  an  annuity  during  life,  out  of  his  manors  c^  Howtos, 
Harpele,  and  Westrudam;  also  all  those  lands  which  Cath^oe. 
bis  sister  had  (of  the  gift*of  Henry,  his  father,  deceased),  for  term 
of  her  life;  atid  to  Henry,  his  son,  and  his  heirs  male,  hi;  said 
manors  of  Houghton,  &c.  and,  in  default  of  issue,  to  descend  to 
John,  his  son,  and  his  heirs  male,  with  the  like  entail  on  "Williaait 
Martin,  and  Thomas,  his  sons  3  as  also,  on  Catherine,  and  Alice, 
his  daughters.  And,  if  they  severally  died  without  is^ue,  he  or- 
ders  his  feoffees  and  executors  to  sell  the  said  manors,  and  disposa 
of  the  money  in  pious  works,  for  the  good  of  his  soul,  and  the 
soul  of  Margaret  his  wife,  and  the  souls  of  his  parents,  friends, 
and  benefactors,  and  all  the  faithful  deceased.  He  farther  wilk 
to  Henry,  his  son  and  heir,  his  manor  of  Walpole,  with  the  ap* 
purtenances,  entailing  it  on  him  and  his  heirs  male;  and,  in  de- 
fault, on  his  other  sons  and  daughters  before-mentioned :  and  U| 
John,  his  son,  his  manor  of  Istede,  in  Suffolk,  paying  to  Williani 
and  Thomas,  his  sons,  an  annuity  of  twelve  marks  during  their 
lives  j  aQd,  in  default  of  heirs  male  ot  the  said  John,  entails  it  on 
bis  sons  and  daughters  aforesaid.  The  residue  of  his  goods^  &c^ 
Bot  bequeathed,  he  gives  tp  Henry,  his  son,  Edmnqd  Povj,  ami 

•    B  Faflei't  Worthies  10  com.  Nor',  p.  2^5,  266. 
-•  £1  Resist.  TOtat.  Doke  3,  in  Cur.  PnevQg.  Nonvic 


EARL  OP  ORPORD.  641 

William  Marchale^  Esqrs.;  and  Hugh  Wynehow,  Chaplaio^  his 
executors.' 

The  said  Margaret  his  wife,P  was  daughter  of  Sir  Oliver  le 
Grosse,  of  Crostwick^  in  com.  Norf.  Knt.  and  John,  his  second 
son  (who  had  the  manor  of  Istede),  is  written  John  Walpool,  Esq. 
son  ^  of  Henrj  Walpole,  Esq.  in  30  Henry  VI. 

Henry  Walpole,  of  Walpole,  and  Houghton,  Esq.  (eldest  son 
of  the  last  Henry,  and  Margaret  his  wife),  was  the  ^ftk  of  that 
name  in  lineal  descent;  and  is  mentioned  in  several  deeds  relating 
to  his  manors  of  Houghton,  &c.  in  the  rdgn  of  Henry  VI.  In 
one  of  the  28th  of  that  King,'  Nicholas  Atte  Chirche,  of  North 
Barsham,  and  others,  feoffees  of  the  last  will  of  Heniy  Walpool, 
senior,  grant  to  Henry  Walpool,  Esq.  son  of  the  said  Henrj,  the 
manor  of  Houghton,  and  all  lands,  kc,  thereto  belonging,  with 
Harpeley,  and  West  Rudham;  in  which  charter  the  said  manors 
are  entailed  on  Henry,  John,  William,  Martin,  Catharine,  and 
Alice,  according  to  the  last  will  of  Henry  Walpool,  senior,  Esq. 
In  »34  Henry  VI.  Henry  Walpool,  Esq.  the  son,  grants  to  John 
Byrston,  senior,  Esq.  John  Compton,  John  Wood,  John  Byrston, 
junior,  and  Philip  Sutton,  Esqrs.  his  manor  of  Walpol,  in  com. 
Norf.  with  all  the  lands,  meadows,  pastures,  rents,  services,  wards, 
marriages,  courts,  &c.  to  hold  the  said  manor  to  them,  their  heirs^ 
and  assigns;  but  it  is  likely  this  was  only  in  trust,  though  the  uses 
are  not  mentioned.  When  he  died  I  do  not  find;  but,  by  *  Mar- 
gery his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir  Edmund  Harsick,  of  Southacre,  in 
com.  Norf.  or  rather  (as  it  is  in  Harsick's  pedigree),  daughter  of 
Sir  John  Harsick,  son  of  another  Sir  John  Harsick,  buried  in 
Southacre,  in  7  Richard  H.  he  had  issue, 

Jo  UK  Walpole,  of  Houghton,  Esq.  his  son  and  heir,  who  with 
Thomas,  his  son,  by  their  charter,"  dated  at  Howeton  (as  it  was 
then  written),  the  4th  of  December,  in  8  Henry  VII.  granted 
lands  in  Howeton  to  Henry  Abraham,  Clerk,  rector  of  Harpeley. 
He  took  to  wife  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Robert  Shawe,  of  Derby, 
Esq  ^  and,  besides  the  before- mentioned  Thomas,  his  son  and  heir, 
had  issue  William  Walpole,  second  son,  who  died  without  issue, 
and  two  daughters,  Alice,^^  and  Maude.^ 

P  Bx  Stem.  9  Carta  Henry  \I.  n.  69. 

f  Carta.  28  Henry  VI,  n.  67.  •  Ibid.  34  Henry  VI.  ji.  68. 

t  Vis.  deCom.  Norf.  in  Offic.  Arm.  8c  in  Bib'u  Harl.  Not.  90.  B.  13. 

■  Carta,  8  Henry  VH.  n.  75.  ^  Vis.  de  Com.  Norf.  prsed, 

7  Carta,  8  Henry  VII.  n.  74. 
>  £y  Regist.  Muhon  in  Cur.  Pr«rog.  Norwic. 

VOL.  V.  *   T 


S'i'l  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

The  said  Thomas  Walpole,  Esq.  bad  a  ^  grant  from  Williaal 
Fowkes^  and  others^  of  lands  in  Houghton,  in  1  Henry  Vfl.  to 
which  John  Walpole,  Esq.  his  father,  was  a  witness.  He  had  also 
divers  other  grants  of  lands  in  that  reign;  and  in  ^4  Henry  VIII. 
writing  himself  Thomas  Walpole,  £<{q.  son  and  heir  of  John 
Walpole,  Esq.  deceased,  grants  to  Sir  John  Heydon,  Knt.  GeF- 
fery  Cobbe,  of  Sandringham,  William  Cobbe,  Gent.  William 
Paslon,  Esq.  Thomas  Leighton,  and  Robert  Gerveys,  Burghers, 
and  Aldermen  of  Bishops  Lenn;  Ralph  Palmer,  Clerk,  and  Wil- 
liam Meene,  of  VVeybrede,  his  manor  of  Howeton,  ne^r  Harpeley, 
with  all  his  lands  and  tenements  in  Harpeley,  Rudham,  &c.  in 
trust,  to  perform  his  last  will  and  testament. 

By  which  testament,  bearing  date  ^May  24th,  1512,  and  the 
probate  thereof  on  April  7tb,  1.513,  it  ap()ears  that  be  had  two 
wives,  Joan  and  Alice,  which  last  survived  him;  also,  that  John, 
his  eldest  son,  died  before  him,  and  had  a  wife,  Anne,  who  sur- 
vived him;  likewise,  that  his  daughter,  Agnes,  was  married  to 
William  Russel,  and  Edward  Walpole  was  his  eldest  surviving 
son  and  heir,  being  of  the  age  of  thirty  years;  but  he  constitutes 
executors  of  his  will,  his  son,  Henry  Walpole,  and  his  brothers- 
in-law,  GefFery  and  William  Cobb.  His  first  i^ifc,  Joan,**  was 
daughter  of  William  Cobb,  of  Sandringbam,  Esq.  by  whom  he 
had  issue,  as  before  is  mentioned;  and  departed  this  life*  on  Ja- 
nuary 24th,  1513-14. 

Before  I  treat  of  Edward,  his  eldest  son,  1  shall  take  notice  of 
the  descendants  of  his  second  son,  Henky  Walpole,  who  n^arried 

Margaret,  daughter  and  cohtir  of  ■■ Holtofie,  of  Wbapiode, 

in  Lincolnshire,  Gent,  and  had  i«>sue,  'Thomas  Walpole,  of 
Whaplode,  ancestor  to  those  of  the  name  in  Lincolnshire;*^  John 
Walpole,  second  son;  Francis  Walpole,  third  son;  and  Christo- 
pher Walpole,  of  Docking,  in  com.  Norf.  fourth  son,  who  left 
posterity.  But  John  Walpole,  the  second  son,  was  the  most  emi- 
nent of  them;  for,  by  his  great  learning  and  proficiency  in  the 
study  of  the  laws,  he  raised  a  very  considerable  fortune,  and  died 
in  the  prime  of  his  age,  when  it  was  expected,  from  his  extraordi- 

•  CartJ,  X  Henry  VII.  d.  7c.  *>  Carta,  4  Henry  Vlll.  n.  76. 

*  Ex  Re|ist.  vocat.  Multon  in  Cur.  Praerog.  Norwic. 
*  Vis.  de  Com.  Norf.  prted, 
«  Colc*5  Esc.  Lib.  61.  A,  IJ.  p.  204,  MS.  in  Bibl.  Harlcy. 
f  £x  Stem,  in  Visit,  de  Com. -Norf. 
t  The  last  of  this  Roman  Ciitholic  branch  died  about  174'*^.  Then  is  at  Straw- 
berry Hillf  a  curious  picture  (which  canie  from  this  branch) ,  of  Henry  Walpvile, 
the  Jesuir,  who  was  txjjuted  for  attempting  to  po'son  Queen  £Ua»bcih. 


EARL  OP  ORFORD.  643 

tk^ry  abilities^  that  he  would  have  advanced  binnself  to  the  chief 
dignities  of  the  law.    Being  entered  of  Graj's-Inn,^  he  was  cafly 
distinguished  for  his  sobriety  and  naanlj  behaviour;  so  that,  in 
the  firat  year  of  Edward  VI.  the  society^  whereof  he  was  a  roena- 
,  ber,  appointed  bioi  Collector  of  the  Gifts  and  Rewards^  on  the 
behalf  of  the  Serjeants  of  the  sard  house,  who  were  called  to  that 
degree  in  Hilary  Term  the  same  year.     Also  in  the  third  year  of 
the  same  King,  he '  was  elected  I^nt  Reader  of  the  Society  of 
Gray's-Inn,  and  afterwards  Double  Reader  thereof,  to  which  only 
persons  of  great  learning  were  chosen.  And  having  been  ^  elected 
for  Lynn,  to  the  parliament  that  met  at  Westminster  on  October 
^th,  1553,  he  was,  on  June  1st,  next  following,  called  by  the 
royal  writ  to  receive  the  state  and  degree  of  Serjeant  at  Law,^ 
together  with  seven  others  the  most  eminent  of  their  profession; 
and  their  feast  was  kept  with  the  greatest  magnificence,  in  the 
Inner-Temple  Hall,  on  October  l6tb,  1554,  several  officers  being 
appointed  for  the  management  thereof;  and  each  Serjeant  pre- 
sented to  the  King  and  Queen  rings  of  the  finest  angel  gold,  of 
the  value,  besides  the  fashion,  of  III/.  VI j.  VIII rf.     "»The  en- 
tertainment, with  the  ceremonies  thereof,  are  set  forth  at  large  by 
Sir  William  Dugdale,  in«his  Historical  Memorials  of  the  English 
Courts  of  Justice.     He  married  Catharine,  daughter  of  Edmund 
Knivet,  of  Ashwelthorp,  Esq."  and  of  Jane  his  wife,  daughter  and 
sole  heir  of  Sir  John  Bourchier,  Knt.  Lord  Berners,  and  departed 
this  life  in  1557,  as  appears  by  the  probate  of  his  last  will,  dated 
February  l6th,  155B.     Which  testament  bears  date  November 
1st,  1557 >  '  wherein  he  desires  ^Thomas,  Lord  Bishop  of  Ely, 
to  take  into  his  rule  and  government  his  son  William,  till  he  ac- 
complish the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  and  leaves  his  daughters, 
Mary,  Jane,  Catharine,  and  Anne  Walpole,  to  the  government  of 
bis  executors,  Martin  Hastings,  £sq.  his  cousin,  Henry  Spylman^ 
Esq.    Robert  Cook,  Esq.    his  cousin,  Geoffery  Cobb,  Esq.    his 
brother,  Christopher  Walpole,  and  Thomas  Scorlet,  his  servant.' 
But  the  said  William  dying  without  issue,  the  said  daughters  weilv 
coheirs  to  bis  estate. 

Edward  Walpole,  Esq.  eldest  son  and  heir  to  Thomas  WaU 
pole,  Esq.P  was  thirty  years  old  at  the  death  of  his  father,  «nd# 

1^  Dugdale^t  Orig.  Juridicialet,  p.  137  '  Ibid.  p.  293* 

^  En  Collect.  Brown  WiUit,  Am.  1  Pat.  t  3c  2  Ph.  Si  Mar.  pan  >. 

a  Page  129  3c  tc^.  ■  Ex  St^mmate. 

•  Ex  Regiit.  focat.  Noodet,  p.  1,  Not.  39,  qu.  6,  in  Cur.  Prarog.  Catuar^ 

P  Colc*s  Esc.  MS.  p.  2041  ut  anteir. 


644  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

making  proof  of  his  age^  had  Itrery  of  bis  lands,  as  appean  by 
inqnisition  taken  at  Norwich,  September  26tb,  1514.  In  27 
Henry  VIII.  Thomas  Headbam,  and  others,^  grant  to  Edward 
Walpole,  Esq.  and  hrxcf  his  wife,  and  to  John  Walpole,  thdr 
son  and  heir  apparent,  one  messuage  in  Houghton,  Arc.  TUs 
Lucy  was  daughter  of  Sir  Terrey  Robsart,  by  his  wife,'  Elizabeth, 
daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  Thomas  Kerdeston,  of  Sidistem,  in  com. 
Norf.  Knt.  and  (by  the  death  of  her  brother.  Sir  John  Rohsart, 
and  his  daughter,  *  Amie,  '  wife  of  Sir  Robert  Dudley,  afterwards 
Earl  of  Leicester,  without  issue),"  was  at  length  sole  heir  to  her 
grandfather.  Sir  John  Robsart,  Knight  Banneret,  and  Knight  of 
the  most  noble  Order  of  the  Garter,  who  was  famed  for  his  Ta- 
lour  and  conduct  in  several  actions  in  France,  in  the  reigns  of 
Heniy  IV.  V.  and  VI.  on  which  account,  a  brief  raemoiial,  io 
the  note  below,  of  so  eminent  a  person,  will  not,  I  hope,  be  thought 
improper,  as  it  is  a  generous  part  to  transmit  to  posterity  the  acts 
of  such  who  have  deserved  well  of  their  country.* 

q  Ctrta,  27  Henry  VIII. 

r  Parkin's  Continoation  of  Bk>mfield*i  Norf.  p.  851,  852.  •  Ibid. 

<  Sec  a  tiogvlar  account  of  her  death  in  MumUs  BtrkJurt  \  in  the  Una  tf 
tht  IhiMeyx\  and  other  works,  biographical  and  topograph ical,  which  has  left  the 
stain  of  a  heinoui  iuspicion  on  her  husband,  the  gay  favourite  of  Q^kcb  ES- 
tabeth. 

V  Vis.  de  Com.  Norf.  nt  antea. 

*  Hit  father  was  Robert,  Baron  of  Cannon,  in  Hetnalt,  on  which  accooot  be 
ii  mentioned  io  our  higtoriani  by  the  name  of  Cannon  Robaart,  and  was  the  mc 
of  John  Robtarti  whO|  in  14  Edward  III.  was  one  of  those  expert  captains,*  that 
(with  Richard  Verchin,  Lord  High- Seneschal  of  Hcinalt),  surprised  John,  Doke 
of  Normandy,  eldest  son  of  King  Philip  of  France,  :n  his  quarters  at  Monrais,  oa 
the  river  Selle.  The  Lord  Robert  Robsart  was  likewise  very  serviceable  to  the 
English  nation ;  and,  when  King  Edward  lay  at  the  siege  of  Rheims,  A.  D.  13 59* 
feigntlited  himself  f  in  taking  the  castle  of  Commeny,  and  the  deleat  of  the  Locd 
Gomcignes,  being  then  Governor  of  the  young  Eari  of  Coucy,  and  manager  of 
his  lands.  He  also  behaved  himself  with  great  bravery  and  conduct  in  sevcial 
other  actions  in  that  reign  $  and,  accompanying  the  Duke  of  Lancaster,  and  diven 
of  the  English  nobility  IntoFrance,^  in  47  E  J  ward  III.  landed  with  them  at  Ca- 
lais; and,  continuing  in  our  service,  took  \  divers  castles  in  Spain,  in  5  Rich.  IL 
He  left  iuue  three  sons;  John,||  Lewis»  and  Iheodorick**  (or  Terrey,  as  we 
write  the  name),  who  alt  engaged  in  the  English  service,  and  were 


*  Barnes's  History  of  Edward  III.  p.  xyo. 
t  Frolttart*s  Chron,  cap.  J«8»  209.  J  Ibid.  f.  190,  a. 

§  Ibid.  2759  a.  II  Dogdale*8  Baron.  Vol.  II.  p.  loa. 

••  S  U^.  MS.  dt  Vit.  Mil.  Garu  an  Museo  Ashmol.  Not.  11 18. 


EABL  OF  ORFORD.  64S 

This  Edward  Walpole*  Esq.  who  thus  married  Lucy,  great 
•^aod-<lattghter  and  Mr  to  the  said  Sir  John  Sobsari,  as  before 

•f  the  greatest  note  in  their  time ;  but  I  ihall  confine  myself  to  the  actions  of 
John*  the  tldest  son»  the  fiist  Earl  of  Orford  beiiig  his  heir. 

The  said  Sir  John  Robsart  *  distinguished  himself  in  the  wars  with  the  Sara* 
cent,  in  the  reign  of  Richard  II.  and  was  knighted  before  the  reign  of  Henry  IV« 
Which  Kingif  otd  of  kit  especial  grace,  ami  fir  the  good  services  of  kis  heloved  atid 
faktifd  Knightf  Sir  John  Robsart,  grams  to  him,  for  term  of  his  life,  too/,  pec 
ann.  out  of  his  Exchequer,  by  letters  jMtent,  dated  November  17th,  13991  and 
Henry  V.  in  coAtideration  of  bis  good  servius,  %  confirms  to  him  the  said  ai^- 
aaity,  by  letters  patent,  dated  at  Westminster,  Jane  12th,  14x1.  He  attended 
on  Henrj  V.  at  hit  first  landing  in  France,  and  after  being  at  the  siege  of  Caeui 
b  Normandy  (as  §  was  also  his  brother.  Sir  Lewis  Robsart),  be  became  one  of 
the  principal  commanders  under  the  Duke  of  Gloucester,  the  King's  brother ; 
who,  in  5  Henry  V.  especially  appointed  him,  ||  to  treat  with  the  Governors  of 
the  castles  of  Vire,  Hambye,  St.  Lo,  and  Carenton,  for  the  surrender  thereof^ 
which  in  that  year  were  at  several  times  delivered  to  him.  In  6  Henry  V.  he  ** 
was  also  specially  appointed,  by  the  said  Duke,  to  treat  with  the  Governor  of  Pont 
Down,  as  also  with  thp  Governor,  Knights,  Esquirea,  Burgesses,  and  Inhabitants 
of  Chierborgh,  and  with  Moos.  Robert  de  Frevile,  Knt.  Governor  of  the  Castb 
of  St.  Saviour  le  Visconte  $  all  which  places  being  aunendered  by  agreement  made 
with  him,  he  f-l-  was  constituted  Governor  of  the  castle  of  St.  Saviour  le  Visconte; 
and,  on  the  decease  of  the  Duke  of  Holland,  was  XX  elected  a  Knigbt  Companion 
of  the  most  noble  Order  of  the  Garter  {  but,  continuing  abroad,  was  installed  at 
Windsor  by  his  proxy,  §§  Sir  Thomas  Bar,  February  17th,  1418-19.  At  the 
aiege  of  Rohan,  he  ||||  was  one  of  the  Commistioners  assigned  by  the  King,  to 
confer  with  the  French  Commissioners  about  the  surrender  of  that  city  |  and 
when  eight  days  bad  been  spent,  without  concluding  on  one  article,  which  in- 
duced the  Engliih  Commissioners  to  break  off  the  treaty,  and  thereupon  the 
townsmen  mutinying,  had  forced  the  magistrates  to  alter  their  opiniooi,  they  came 
to  the  tent  of  Sir  John  Robsart,  desiring  him  to  move  the  King,  that  the  trnce 
might  be  prolonged  for  four  days;  which  being  assented  to,  they  surrendered  that 
city  on  articles  agreed  on  by  the  s^id  Sir  John  Robsart,  the  Earls  of  Warwick, 
Salisbury,  and  others.  In  7  Henry  V.*'*  he  had,  in  recompense  of  his  services, 
a  grant  of  the  cttde  and  lordships  of  Sr.  Saviour  le  Vitconte,  Neahou,  and  Pan* 
reri.  In  8  Henry  V.  he  was  appointed,  with  the  Duke  of  Exeter,  and  others 
of  the  greaust  note,  to  confer  with  the  French  King  at  Troys,  concerning  the 
title  of  King  Henry  to  the  Crown  of  France,  and  his  marriage  with  the  Lady  Ca- 
tharine, daughter  of  the  aaid  King,    ftt  And  when  it  wu  conckided  on,  that 


•  Froiesart*s  Chron.  f  ****•  '  ^^^  ^^' 

t  Fat.  I  Henry  V.  p.  4,  m.  1 S*  %  Hall's  Chron.  f.  58. 

^  II  Rymer's  Fsdera,  Vol.  IX.  p.  J45>  ^53>  554*  ^55- 

*•  Ibid.  p.  565,  566,  618.  tt  Hnll's  Cbpon.  f.  58. 

JJ  Regist.  Ord.  Oart.  p.  66.  %§  Ashmole's  Ord.  Qart,  Append.  LV. 

m  Hall,  f.  6a.  •••  P»t.  Norm.  7  Henry  V.  p.  i.  m.  80. 

ft  t  Hall,  f.  68  b. 


640  ?££RAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

u  mentioned^  was  buried  with  ht8  ancefltors  at.  Hooghtoo,  on 
January  2dy  1558-9^^  ^^^  ^^  said  Lucy  had  sepulture  with 

King  Henry  ihould  come  to  Troy«»  aod  marry  the  said  Lady  Cttharioey  mnd  the 
French  King  should  make  him  heir  of  his  realm y  crowny  and  dignity,  tfter  his 
deceascy  Sir  John  Robsart*  was  left  to  give  hit  attendance  on  the  said  Princess^ 
tin  the  King  of  England  should  come  to  Troy*,  to  celebrate  his  nuptials.  In  9 
Henry  V.  he  returned  with  the  King  and  h  s  <^een,  to  Eogland,f  and  was  pre- 
sent with  his  Mijesty  in  a  chapter  of  the  Garter,  held  at  Windsor,  on  May  9^d^ 
but,  being  absent  in  a  chapter  held  In  the  next  ensuing  year»  his  $  excuse  was 
allowed,  by  being  abroad  in  the  wartt  On  the  death  of  his  royal  master,  he  at* 
tended  on  hit  corpse  into  England,  and,  being  Keeper  of  the  Seal  of  the  Order 
of  the  Garter,  was  §  present  at  the  feast  of  St.  George,  held  at  Windsor,  in  i 
Henry  VI.  but  returned  to  France  the  same  year;  and  being  a  Knight  Banneret,| 
aa  well  as  a  Knight  of  the  Garter,  was  retained,  with  his  brother.  Sir  Terrey 
Robsart,  Captain  of  Hamby,  to  serve  the  Regent,  John,  Duke  of  Bedford,  in  that 
kingdom,  who  made  him  ^*  Captain  of  Candebeck;  and  (after  the  death  of  his 
brother,  Sir  Terrey],  of  St.  Saviour  de  Ive,  in  Normandy,  In  f  f  y  Henry  VI* 
he  was  with  the  King  in  Normandy.  In  the  8th  year  of  that  King,  the  Duke  of 
Bedford  tent  the  Earl  of  Huntingdon,  and  this  Sir  John  Robtart,  to  the  assistxnot 
of  the  Duke  of  Burgundy,  then  besieging  Compeigne,  who  (as  my  anthor^  ob- 
serves), were  two,  as  expert  in  all  toarlih  avoirs,  as  valiaitt  im  all  koUt  attempts  \ 
and  they  were  so  active  in  carrying  on  the  siege,  that  the  gaining  of  the  town  in 
a  short  time  wu  not  doubted  of;  but  the  death  of  Philip,  Duke  of  Brabant,  hap- 
pening in  the  interval,  occasioned  the  Duke  of  Burgundy  to  leave  the  siege,  and 
the  command,  to  Lord  John  of  Luxemburgh,  who  marched  off  when  the  town 
was  reduced  to  despair,  without  the  consent  of  the  English  commanders. 

This  Sir  John  Robsart,  being  born  in  Hainalt,  was  naturalised  in  the  2d  year 
of  King  Henry  VI.  §§  and  in  the  preamble  to  the  patent,  it  is  recited*  *  That 
the  King,  in  consideration  of  the  long  and  faithful  services  of  his  beloved  and 
faithful  Sir  John  Robbessart,  Knt.  to  his  dear  father  and  grandfather;  and  also, 
because  he  did  homage  to  bis  said  father,  with  the  advice  and  assent  of  the  Lords 
Spiritual  and  Temporal,  and  the  Commons  of  England  in  parliament,  grants  to 
the  said,  that  he  should  be  made  a  native  of  this  kingdom.  Sec*  On  the  death 
of  Sir  Lewis  Robsart,  Knight  of  the  Garter,  and  Lord  Bourchier,|I||  who  departed 
this  life  on  Monday  before  the  feast  of  St.  Andrew,  in  9  Henry  VI.  he  was  found 
his  brother  and  heir,  and  of  the  age  of  forty-one  years  )  but  Sir  Lewis  enjoying 
that  Barony  only  in  right  of  his  wifie,  Elisabeth,  daughter  and  heir  to  Bartho. 

y  Ex  Regist.  Eccl.  Paroch.  de  Houghton, 


*  Hilt,  of  Eng.  Vol.  1.  p.  327.  f  R<^gwt.  Ord.  Cart,  p.  75. 

X  Ibid.  p.  81.  ^  Regist.  p.  84,  85, 

II  MS.  Not.  B.  if  in  Bibl.  lob.  Antcis,  Arm. 

**  £  Lib.  MS.  de  Vit.  Mil.  Gart.  in  Museo  Ashmol.  Not.  11 18. 

tt  Anstis's  Regist  of  the  Gart.  Vol.  II.  p.  66» 

%X  Hilt  of  Eng).  Vol.1,  p.  i6i^  ^%  Pat.  2  Henry  VI.  p.  4.  m*  |« 

III  IStc.  9  Henry  VI.  ^32. 


EARL  OF  ORFORD.  ^647 

him  60  February  Ist,  1559-60.  They  had  issue  a  daughter; 
Elizabeth,  married  to  Martin  Cobb,  of  Snetisharo,  in  com.  Norf; 
Esq.  and  three  sons^  1.  John.  2.  Richard.  And;  3.  Terrey. 
Whereof, 

Richard  Walpole,  second  son,  writing  himself  of  Brakenash,  in 
the  county  of  Norf.  Gent.''  makes  his  will,  March  26th,  \56S, 
and  leaves  his  whole  estate  to  his  younger  brother,  Terrey  Wal* 
pole:  '  And  if  his  last  will  be  not  sufficient,  without  farther  act 
in  the  law,  to  give  assurance,  and  convey  oyer,  to  his  said  brother 
Terrey,  all  his  right  and  interest  in  his  lands,  but  that  bis  eldest- 
brother,  as  next  heir  to  him  by  the  common  law,  may  challenge 
the  same;  his  last  request  to  him  is,  that  he  will  relinquish  bis  title 
therein,  aod  suffer  his  last  will  to  stand  in  force,  wiitcli  he  hopes 
he  will,*  having  great  trust  in  the  goodness  of  his  nature,  and  the 
uprightness  of  his  conscience;  and  wills  to  him  his  great  seal  with 
the  red  stone,  and  his  tablet  of  gold.  He  also  bequeaths  legacies  1 
to  Elizabeth,  £ona,  and  Catharine  Walpole,  daughters  of  his  said 
elder  brother,  John  Walpole,  and  to  Calibot  Walpole,  his  son; 
also  to  his  nephews,  Geffery,  and  Thomas  Cobb;  and  his  nieces, 
Robsart  and  Elizabeth  Cobb;  appointing  his  brother,  Terrey  Wal- 
pole, executor. 

This  Terrey  Walpole,  third  son,  was  buried  at  Houghton,  Fe- 
bruary 20th,  1562,  having  married  two  wives  j  Wyborangh  and 
Catharine.    The  former  was  buried  at  Houghton,  November  6th, 

hmewy  Lord  B^urchler,  this  Sir  John  Robsait  had  not  summons  to  parliamsnt 
among  the  Barons,  as  his  brother  h^d }  but  in  *  7  Henry  V^  he  had  the  Baronies 
of  St.  Saviour  le  Visconte,  and  Neahou,  in  NjrmanJy.  In  17  Henry  VI.  he  had 
a  renewal  *[-  of  the  grant  of  100/.  p:r  unn.  m>de  lo  him  by  Henry  IV.  as  also  of 
50/.  per  ann.  out  of  the  custle,  forest,  and  lordship  of  Rockingham,  granted  him 
by  Henry  V.  with  remainder  to  John,  his  s  m,  for  lifej  and  deceasing  in  29 
Henry  VI.  J  was  buritrd  in  Sr.  Francises, chape),  in  the  Grey-Fryers,  London,  now 
called  Christ-ch'ircli,  where  a  raised  tomb  was  erected  to  his  memory,  with  hit 
elfigies  in  the  livery  of  the  Carter*  and  this  inscription : 

Hie  jacet  Sfremms  Vtr  Dom.  Joh4nnes  Robsard  Ki/«m  Miies  in  Armisy  Qui  obit 
24  di*  Decern bris,  A.  D.  14(0. 

«  Ex  Rcgist,  vocat,  Bablngton.  Not.  50.  qu,  9,  in  Cur,  Piaero;.  Cantoar. 


•  Pat.  Norman.  7  Henry  V.  m.  18.  n.  26. 
f  Fat.  17  Henry  VI.  p.  a.  m.  24. 
X  MS.  sub.  Iffig.  Vitcll.  F.  VII.  in  Bibl.  Cotton.  Ex  Regist.  Fratrum  Mino- 
roro  L?nd. 


64S  F££BAG£  OF  ENGLAND. 

1574,*  and  by  her  he  had  issue  Richard  Walpole^  baptized  Fe« 
bruary  I3th,  1568,  and  baried  Janaary  6th,  1632$  also  Liicj 
Walpole,  christened  on  February  5tb,  \56g.    By  Catherine,  his 

second  wife,  daughter  and  coheir  of Threvile,  he  had  issue 

Alice  Walpolc,  baptized  October  18th,  1579;  Kdward  Walpole, 
baptized  on  June  2d,  1531,  and  AnneWalpole,  baptized  on  Jane 
2^  1682,  married  to  John  Pepys,  of  Ashtead,  in  Surrey,  Gent. 

John  Walpolc,  Esq.  cider  brother  to  the  said  Richard  and 
Terrey,  succeeded  to  the  manor  of  Sidestem,  in  Norfolk,  and 
other  lands,  as  cousin  ^  and  heir  to  Anne  Dudley,  the  first  wife  of 
Robert  Dudley,  Earl  of  Leicester,  the  great  i&vourite  of  Queen 
Elizabeth;  and  was  daughter  and  sole  heir^  of  Sir  John  Robsart, 
Knt.  brother  to  Lucy,  wife  of  Edward  Walpole,  Esq.  father  to 
the  said  John.  Which  John  Walpole,  Esq.  took  to  wife  Catha* 
rine,  daughter  and  coheir  of  William  Calybut,  of  Cozforth,  in 
t  com.  Norf.  Esq.  a.id  was  buried  with  his  ancestors  at  Houghton,^ 
March  29th,  1588,  the  said  Catharine  his  wife,  surviving  him 
twenty-seven  years,  being  buried  by  him,  September  25th,  l6l2. 
Their  issue  were, 

Edward,  their  eldest  son  and  heir,  baptized  on  January  28th, 
1559,  died  in  his  travels  beyond  the  seas.  Calibut  Walpole,  second 
son,  was  a  twin  with  Thomas,  and  were  christened  March  I4thj 
1561. 

Dorothy,  eldest  daughter,  baptized  on  December  25th,  1558, 
was  buried  on  January  29th,  1559.  Catharine,  second  daugh- 
ter, was  married,  October  3d,  1581,  to  Philip  Russel,  of  Burn- 
bamthorp,  in  com.  Norf.  Esq.  Bona,  third  daughter,  baptized 
on  February  I4ih,  15()0,  was  married,  October  18ih,  1 592,  to 
John  Aroyas,  of  Delpham,  in  com.  Norf.  Esq.  Elizabeth,  fourth 
daughter,  was  married,  July  3d,  159I,  to  Richard  Bunting,  of 
Southcreek,  in  com.  Norf.  Esq.  Bridget  Walpolc,  baptized  on 
November  lOth,  15(59,  was  married,  July  4th,  1593,  to  Henry 
Payncll,  of  Bellaugh,  in  com.  Norf.  Esq. 

Calibut  Walpole,  Esq.  succeeded  his  father,  and,  in  159I, 
took  to  wife  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Edmund  Bacon,  of  Hesset,  in 
Suffolk,  Esq.  She  was  buried  at  Houghton  on  February  1st,  l6i4, 
and  he  had  sepulture  there  with  his  ancestors,  on  May  4th,  1046; 
his  eldest  sou  and  heir,  Bobert  Walpole,  Esq.  succeeding  him  in 
his  estate  at  Houghton,  &c. 

•  Ex  R»'gist.  de  Houghton.  ^  Vi».  de  Com.  Norf.  ot  antei. 

•  Vincent's  Disc,  of  Brook's  Errors,  p.  310,  Dug.  Barcnagr,  Vol.U.  p.  Z22* 

d  Ex  Kegiit.  de  Houghtoa. 


£ARL  OF  ORFORD.  649 

His  second  son,  John  Walpolo,  baptized  November  20th,  1^95, 
was  seated  at  Soutbcreeke,  iu  com.  Norf.  and  marrying  Abigail^ 
daughter  aod  sole  heir  of  Froximer  Oocket,  of  firomestborp,  in 
the  same  county,  Esq.  became  possessed  of  that  seat  and  estate^ 
and  left  three  daughters  bis  coheirs  j^  Elizabeth,  married  to  Ed- 
ward Pepys,  Counsellor  at  Law,  and  of  Bromestborp,  Esq.  Bridget* 
wedded  to  Francis  Thoresby,  of  Gaywood,  in  com.  Norf.  Esq. 
aod  Susan,  to  John  Hare,  of  Snitterton,  as  also  (in  her  right),  of 
Bromestborp,  Esq/  second  son  of  Sir  John  Hare,  and  brother  to 
Sir  Ralph  Hare,  of  Stow-  Bardolph,  Bart. 

Caiibut  VValpole,  third  son,  baptized  November  27th,  1597, 
died  unmarried,  as  did  also  Bacon  Walpole,  youngest  son,  who 
was  christened,  29th  Maii,  isgg, 

Elizabeth,  eldest  daughter,  baptised  October  20th,  1394,  was 
married,  February  14th,  l6l2,  to  Thomas  Clifton,  of  Toftrees,  in 
com.  Norf.  Esq.  and  Anne,  youngest  daughter,  christened  No* 
vember  2 1st,  I5g6,  was  first  married,  January  12th,  l6l4,  to 
Thomas  Pettus,  Esq.s  son  and  heir  of  Sir  Augustus  Pettus,  Knt. 
(by  bis  second  wife,  Abigail,  daughter  of  Sir  Arthur  Heveniug- 
ham),  and  brotber  to  Sir  Thomas  Pettus,  of  Rackheath,  in  com. 
Norf.  Bart,  and,  secondly.  May  25th,  I619,  to  Sir  Henry  Hun- 
gate,  of  Bradenham,  in  com.  Norf.  Knight. 

KoB£RT  Walpole,  Esq.  (eldest  son  and  heir  of  Caiibut,  by- 
Elizabeth  Bacon),  was  born  September  23d,  I'yQ'd;  aud  having 
married  Susan,  daughter  of  Sir  Edward  Barkbaro,  Knt.  (Lord^ 
Mayor  of  London  in  the  9th  of  James  I.)  had  issue,  I .  Elizabeth, 
baptized  January  18tb,  l6l5,  and  buried  the  23d  following.  2. 
Jane,  christened  March  9th,  l6l7-  3.  Elizabeth,  baptized  Oc- 
tober 29tb,  1620.  And,  4.  Edward,  his  son  and  heir,  christened 
at  Houghton,  November  9(h,  1621. 

Susan  his  wife,  was  buried  at  Houghton,  November  gth,  1622; 
and  he  dying  on  May  Ist^  l663,  was  buried  by  her,  with  this  in* 
scription,  on  their  gravestone: 

*'  Hicjacet  Rohertus  Walpole  Armigi  juxta  Susannam  vxorem 
filiam  Edv.  Barkham  de  Souihacre  in  com*  ^orf,  mUitis,  qtue  obt^ 
A.  D.  1622.  NoUusfuit  Sep,  23,  A,D.  1593,  denatiujuit  Fesio 
Sancd  PhWppi  et  Jacoli,  A.  D.  l633.** 

c  £x  Stemin.  ^  £n  Sec  mm.  de  Famil.  Ilare. 

S  £x  Stemm.  de  Famil.  Pettus. 


650  P££RA6£  OF  ENGLAND. 

Edward  Walpole^  his  onhf  son  and  hcir>  married  in  l64g^ 
Sosan,  second  daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  Robert  Crane,  of  Chil- 
ton, in  com.  Suff.  Knt.  and  fiart.  and  '  was  elected  a  member 
for  the  borough  of  King's-Lynn,  to  the  parliament  begun  at  West- 
minster^ April  25th,  166O,  which  voted  the  return  of  Charles  II. 
He  and  his  father  joined  with  Sir  Horatio  Townsbend  (after- 
wards Viscount  Townshend),  in  fortifying  the  haven  of  King's- 
Lynn,  and  raising  forces  for  his  Majesty's  reception,  if  ihe  King 
had  not  been  peaceably  restored :  for  which  service,  he  ^  was  made 
one  of  the  Knights  of  the  Bath,  on  April  Ipth,  \Q6\,  and  being 
again  ^  elected  a  member  for  Lynn,  in  that  called  the  Long  Par- 
liaroent»  deceased  during  the  sitting  thereof,  and  was  buried  at 
Houghton,  his  Lady  dying  before  him  the  same  year,  h  id  sepul- 
ture  there,  under  a  marble  gravestone,  with  these  inscriptions : 

''  Hie  situs  est  Edvardus  Walpole  Balnei  Miles,  Roltrli  IValpole 
Armig;  Jilius,  qui  Sttsannam,  Boberti  Crane,  Baronet ti  de  Chilton, 
in  jigro  Suff.  JUiam  connubio  siH  junxit,  mc^or  ^^  quadrdginta 
quinq.  annos,  18  die  Martii  I667,  Morte  pid  H/ustravit. 

Coetera  si  qu^eras?  narrabitfama  superstes.  Domina  Susanna 
a  latere  Edv.  IValpole,  Balnei  MiUtis,  hie  conditur,  qua  obiit,  J 
JuUi  A.D.  1667.  JBtat,  35." 

This  Sir  Edward  Walpole  was  highly  esteemed  by  all  that 
knew  him ;  and  the  corporation  of  Lyon  had  such  a  sense  of  his 
integrity  and  services  in  the  House  of  Commons,  that  they  made 
him  a  present  of  a  noble  piece  of  plate,  with  an  inscription,  ex- 
pressing their  esteem  of  his  great  abilities. 

He  was  remarkable  for  his  eloquence  and  weight  in  parlia- 
ment; and  once  on  a  warm  altercation  in  the  House,  be  suggested 
an  expedient,  which  was  immediately  adopted  by  both  ] parties 
for  which  Waller,  the  Poet,  in  a  high  strain  of  panegyric,  ironi- 
cally proposed  that  he  should  be  sent  to  the  Tower,  for  not  having 
sooner  composed  the  dispute,  when  be  had  it  in  his  power." 

He  had  issue, 

1.  Robert,  born  November  16th,  and  baptized  on  the  28th  of 
the  same  month,  1 650. 

^  Vise,  de  com.  Norf.  A.D.  1664,  in  Offic.  Arm. 
<  List  of  Parliamentiy  from  164O1  to  the  Restoration  of  Kiog  Char.  II.  p.  63^, 
^  Gwilim's  Display  of  Heraldry,  5  th  edit.  p.  loS. 
i  £1  Collect.  Brown  Willis,  Arm. 
"  Qu.?  n  Coze's  Life  of  Sir  Robert  Walpole,  I.  «« 


EARL  OF  ORFORD.  651 

I.  Jane,  baptized  October  ipth,  1651,  and  buried  at  Hoagh* 
ton,  February  24th,  1652. 

3.  Edward,  baptized  October  2d,  l652,  and  buried  February 
lltb,  1653. 

4.  Susan,  bom  Noveniber  3d,  l653,  and  buried  on  May  20tb, 
1659, 

5.  Elizabeth,  born  December  12th,  l654,  and  buried  April  28tfa, 
1662. 

6.  /Vnne,  married  to  Montfort  Spelman,  of  Narborough,  in 
com.  Norf.  Esq.  and  died  without  issue,  September  28th,  1601 . 

7.  John,  born  January  28th,  l657>  who  died  an  infanr. 

8.  Dorothy,  born  May  i4th,  1659,  and  died  unmarried,  Octo- 
ber 5th,  1694. 

g.  Susan,  bom  June  22d,  166O,  and  was  buried  at  Houghton, 
February  6th,  1665. 

10.  Mary,  bom  August  llth,  1661,  married  to  John  Wilson, 
of  Leicestershire,  Esq.  but  left  no  issue. 

II.  Horatio  Walpole,  Esq.  bom  July  llth,  l663,  who  mar- 
ried the  Lady  Anne  Osborne,  daughter  of  Thomas,  Duke  of  Leeds, 
end  widow  of  Robert  Coke,  of  Holkham,  in  com.  Norf.  Esq..  but 
died  without  issue,  and  lies  buried  at  Houghton,  under  a  marble 
gravestone  thus  inscribed:  *'  H.  J  Horatio  Walpole  Armig.  Jiliits 
natu  minor  Edv.  Walpole  Balnei  Militis,  qui  obiit  €Bi,  quinqua- 
genarinsy  Oct,  17,  1717."     And  his  Lady  died  August  4th,  1722. 

12.  Edward  Walpole,  baptized  September  14th,  1664,  was 
M.  A.  and  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  in  Cambridge ^  and  dying 
on  January  29th,'^  l6S8,  aged  twenty-five,  was  buried  in  the 
chapel  of  the  said  college. 

13.  Elizabeth,  born  December  28th,  1665,  married  to  James 
Host,  of  Sandringham,  in  com.  Norf.  Esq. 

Robert  Walpole,  Esq.  (eldest  sun  of  Sir  Edward),  was  elected 
to  parliament  for  the  through  of  Castle* Rising,  from  the  first 
year  of  King  William  and  Queen  Mar}*,  till  his  decease,  in  No- 
vember 1700.  He  was  Deputy-Lieutenant,  and  C-iloncl  of  the 
Militia  in  the  county  of  Norfolk,  and  bore  other  offices,  suiting 
his  degree,  as  his  ancestors  had  done  before  him;  and  was  distin- 
guished amongst  the  most  polite  men  of  the  age.  He  consider- 
ably improved  his  estate  by  his  prudent  management;  educated  a 
large  family  with  much  credit,  and  was  held  in  great  estimation 
by  the  Whig  party,  whose  measures  he  appears  to  have  uniformly 

■  Le  NcTe,  Vol.  III.  p.  103. 


052  P£EaA6£  OF  ENGLAND* 

Bopported.  He  married  Mary^  ooly  daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  Jef. 
fery  Barwell^  of  Roogham,  in  com.  Suff.  Knight.  They  are 
buried  at  Houghton,  with  this  memorial:  *'  Roberius  JFaJpole 
Armig.  JUius  natu  maximus  Edw.  miliiis  Baltui  et  Susannse,  hie 
sepuUus  est  decimo  octavo  die,  Nov.  A.  D.  1700,  ^l«/.  511^  qmn* 
quagesimo.  Ex  decern  quos  genuit  filiis,  superfuerunt  Rolertus, 
Horatio,  GaLfridus',  ex  Jiliabu9  septem,  Maria,  Dorothea,  et  Su* 
sanna, 

"  Maria  uxor  Bobti  Walpole  Armigeri;  quam  JUiam  habuii 
unicam  Galfridus  Bunue/l,  Miles,  de  Rougham,  in  agro  Sugolc. 
Annos  nata  ad  octo  &  quinquaginta,  mortem  ob.  Martii  14, 

1711." 
The  age  of  the  children  was  thus  recorded  by  their  mother. 

1.  Susan,  born  June  6tb,  167a.  2.  Mary,  bom  June  8th, 
1673.  3.  Edward,  born  June  23d,  1674.  4.  Burwell,  bom  Au- 
gust 20th,  1675.  5.  Robert,  bora  Augsst  26th,  1676.  6.  John^ 
born  September  3d,  1 677.  7.  Horatio,  born  December  8th,  1676. 
8.  Christopher,  born  February  20th,  I679.  9.  Elizabeth,  born 
March  24tb,  168O-I.  10.  Elizabeth,  born  October  l6th,  l682. 
11.  Galfridus,  born  March  15th,  1683-4.  12.  Anne,l>om  April 
6th,  1685.  13.  Dorothy,  bom  September  18tb,  1686.  14.  Su- 
«ui>  born  December  5th,  l687.  J 5.  Mordaunt,  born  December 
13th,  1688.  16.  A  boy  still-born,  April  8th,  1690.  I/.  Charles, 
born  June  30th,  1691.  18.  William,  born  April  7th,  1693.  19. 
A  daughter  still-born,  January  20th,  1694-5. 

Mary  was  married  in  April,  1 689,  to  Sir. Charles  Turner,  oi 
Wareham,  in  com.  Norf.  Bart,  whose  daughter  marrying  Dn 
Suckling,  was  grandmother  of  the  illustrious  Admiral  Viscount 
Nelson.  ^ 

Dorothy,  was  the  second  Lady  of  Charles,  second  Viscount 
Townsbend. 

Susan,  the  youngest,  was  married  to  Anthony  HamoDd,^  of 
Wotton,  in  com.  Norf.  Esq.  and  died  in  January  1763. 

The  said  surviving  sons  were, 

1.  Sir  Robert,  who  was  created  Earl  of  Orfwrd. 

2.  Horatio,^r5/  Lord  fTalpole  qf  fFoolterton.    And, 

3.  Galfridus  Walpole,  who  took  to  a  maritime  life,  and  rising 

«  Whom  Dr.  Johnson  has  confounded  with  Anthony  Hammond,  of  Somer- 
sbam,  CO.  Hunt,  father  (by  Jane  Clarges),  of  James  Hammond,  the  £Iegiac  Poet. 
The  Hamonds,  the  descendonta  of  Susan  Walpole,  are  still  resident  at  Wotton. 
The  grandson,  the  Re?.  Horace  Hamond,  a  younger  ion,  it  Rector  of  Great 
Klasijngham,  in  Norfolk. 


EARL  OF  ORFORD.  6(53 

gradually^  was  advanced  to  the  commaDd  of  the  Lion^  a  third 
rate  man  of  war,  which  he  bravely  defended  in  an  engagement 
with  the  French,  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne,  and  therein  had 
his  right  arm  shot  off.  Soon  after  the  accession  of  King  George  I. 
he  was  elected  for  the  borough  of  Lestwithiel,  in  Cornwall,  to  the 
£rst  parliament  called  by  hts  Majesty,  and  made  Captain  of  the 
Peregrine,  since  called  the  Carolina,  and  last  the  Charlotte  Yacht; 
also  Treasurer  of  Greenwich  Hospital  3  and  was  afterwards,  oa 
April  8th,  1721,  appointed  joint  Post-master  Genera],  and  Com- 
missioner for  the  management  of  the  Post-office.  He  married 
Cornelia,  daughter  of  Mr.  Hays,  of  London,  but  died  without 
issue,  on  August  7th,  17^6;  and  his  Lady,  in  1735,  was  married 
to  —  Kyrwood,  of  Herefordshire,  Esq. 

Sir  RoBBRT,  third  but  eldest  surviving  son,  first  Eaxl  op 
Obford,  born  on  August  26tb,  1676,  is  celebrated  in  the  annals 
of  his  country  as  Prime  Minister,  during  a  long  and  important 
period.  The  Memoirs  of  his  Life  and  Administration  were  given 
to  the  world  in  1798,  by  the  Rev.  William  Coxe,  in  three  ample 
quarto  volumes. 

He  was  educated  at  Eton,  and  in  April  1696  (being  then  a 
younger  brolher),  was  admitted  a  scholar  of  King's  College,  Cam- 
bridge. On  the  death  of  his  elder  brother,  in  1698,  becoming 
heir  to  the  paternal  estate,  he  resigned  his  scholarship  on  the  25th 
of  May. 

On  July  30lh,  1 700,  he  married,  at  Knightsbridge  chapel,  Ca- 
tharine, daughter  of  Sir  John  Shorter,  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  a 
woman  of  exquisite  beauty,  and  accomplished  manners.  Soon 
afler  the  marriage  his  father  died ;  and  he  inherited  .the  family 
estate,  the  rent-roll  of  wliich  exceeded  20001.  a  year.  The  death 
of  his  father  threw  him  into  the  busy  scenes  of  public  life,  when 
the  violent  spirit  of  party  gave  an  impulse  to  his  political  exer- 
tions. He  was  elected  in  his  father's  room  member  for  Castle- 
Rising,  and  sat  for  that  borough  in  the  two  short  parliaments 
which  were  assembled  in  the  two  last  years  of  the  reign  of  King 
WiUiam. 

In  the  first  parliament  of  Queen  Anne,  he  was  returned  for 
Lynn-Regis;  for  which  boiough^he  was  regularly  chosen,  till  he 
was  created  Earl  of  Orford.  He  very  soon  began  to  be  held  in 
high  estimation  by  the  great  leaders  of  the  Whigs.  In  March 
1705,  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  Council  to  George,  Prince  of 
Denmark,  Lord  High  Admiral  of  England. 

In  February  17O81  he  was  selected  to  succeed  St.  John  as  Secre- 


054  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

taiy  at  War.  Daring  the  absence  of  Mariboroagh»  the  Secretarj 
at  War  transacted  the  business  of  the  department  personally  with 
the  Queen;  he  was  to  correspond  officially  and  confidential!/ 
with  the  Commander  in  Chief ;  and  had  the  difficult  task  to  con- 
ciliate the  capricious  temper  of  the  Duchess  of  Marlborough,  who 
interfered  in  all  business,  governed  her  husband  with  the  most 
absolute  sway,  and  who  now  treated  the  Queen  with  those  marks 
of  disrespect,  which  fiually  occasioned  her  own  disgrace  and  the 
fall  of  the  Whig  Administration.P  In  January  1709-IO,  he  was 
also  appointed  Treasurer  of  the  Navy.  In  171O,  he  was  chosen 
one  of  the  Managers  on  the  Trial  of  Dr.  Sacheverell,  and  displayed 
great  ability  00  the  occasion. 

On  the  fall  of  the  Whig  Administration,  in  August  171O,  he 
was  removed  from  his  employments.  And  his  ability  as  a  parlia- 
mentary opponent,  being  dreaded  by  tlie  new  Ministry,  a  plan 
was  laid  to  get  rid  of  him  by  an  accusation  of  corruption,  for 
forage  contracts,  while  Secretary  at  War.  In  this  plan  his  ene* 
mies  were  too  successful.  •  After  long  debates,  a  small  majority 
resolved,  that  ''  Robert  Walpole,  Esq.  was  guilty  of  a  high 
breach  of  trust,  and  notorious  corruption  j  and  that  he  should  be 
committed  prisoner  to  the  Tower  of  London ;  and  on  a  subsequent 
motion,  which  was  carried  only  by  a  Majority  of  twenty,  that  he 
should  be  expelled.'* 

He  surrendered  himself  the  next  morning,  and  was  committed 
to  the  Tower;  where,  refusing  to  make  any  concession^  he  re- 
mained till  the  prorogation  of  parliament.  In  this  interval  he  was 
re-elected  for  Lynn;  but  the  House  resolved  that  he  was  ineligible. 
His  release  took  place  July  8th,  and  a  dissolution  following  on 
August  8tb,  he  was  again  chosen  for  Lynn. ' 
.  In  the  new  parliament  he  distinguished  himself  with  more  than 
usual  ability.  He  exhibited  his  zeal  for  the  Protestant  succession, 
which  he  declared  in  danger.  The  last  six  months  of  the  reign  of 
Queen  Anne  were  big  with  alarms.  The  Queen  expired  on 
August  1st,  1714. 

On  the  accession  of  George  I.  to  the  throne,  his  eminent  abili- 
ties, and  his  zeal  for  the  succession  in  his  royal  house,  which  he 
had  strenuously  and  successfully  asserted,  brought  him  again  into 
the  service  of  his  country;^  being  first  made  Paymaster  of  the 

p  Coxe,  I.  J13. 

1  The  fbrmation  of  the  New  Ministry  wis  attributed  principally  to  TowBsbend 
and  Walpoie.  Towns hend  and  Stanhope  were  appointed  Secretaries  of  Slate; 
Cowper,  Lord  Chaacellorj  Marlborough,  Commaoder  in  Chief}  Wharton,  Privy 


EARL  OF  ORFORD.  655 

guards  and^  garrisons  at  home,  and  of  thb  Forccs  abroad,  on 
September  23d^  l?^^*  £ve  days  after  his  Majesty's  landing.  And 
when  a  new  Privy-council  was  appointed  to  meet  on  October  1st, 
that  year^  he  was  then  sworn  thereof,  and  took  his  place  at  the 
board. 

On  October  10th,  171^}  be  was  constituted  first  Lord  Com- 
MissiONER  OP  THB  Trbasurt,  and  Chancellor  of  thb  £x- 
CHEauEu;'  and,  in  the  same  year,  was  elected  Chairman  of  th« 
committee  of  secresy,  appointed  by  the  House  of  Commons,  to 
inquire  into  the  conduct  of  those  evil  ministers/  Thai  brought  a 
reproach  on  the  nation,  by  the  unsuitable  conclusion  of  a  war ^  which 
was  carried  on  at  so  vast  an  expense,  and  was  attended  %uith  such 
unparalleled  successes. 

On  April  lOtb,  171 7>  he  resigned  his  posts  of  first  Lord  Com- 

.  missioner  of  the  Treasury,  and  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer;  the 

Lord  Viscount  Townshend,  and  other  noblemen,  resigning  their 

places  about  the  same  time.*    Walpole  now  went  strongly  into 

Opposition. 

Bur,  on  June  "Ith,  1720,  he  was  constituted  Pay-master  General 
of  all  his  Majesty's  forces. 

The  fact  is,  that  Sunderland,  now  Prime  Minister,  felt  himself 
at  this  time  in  great  difficulties.  The  opposition  which  Walpole 
had  given  to  the  measures  of  Government,  and  his  great  influence 
in  the  House  of  Commons,  pointed  him  out  as  the  most  desirable 
coadjutor  in  the  present  state  of  circumstances;  overtures  were 
made  to  him  and  Townsbend,  and  a  partial  coalition  took  place.*^ 
Townshend  was  at  the  same  time  nominated  President  of  the 
Council.  But  Walpole  did  not  cordially  coalesce  with  his  new 
associates;  he  passed  the  remainder  of  the  summer  at  Houghton, 
but  was  soon  called  forward  to  heal  the  wounds,  which  the  frenzy 
and  frauds  of  the  South  Sea  Company  had  inflicted  on  public 
credit.'' 

in  1/21,  the  death  of  Stanhope,  and  the  charge  made  against 
Sunderland  for  his  concern  in  the  South  Sea  business,  opened  the 

Seal;  Sunderland,  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland;  Halifax,  First  Lord  Commicsioner 
of  the  Treasury ;  Devonshire,  L  rd  Stev?ard  of  the  Household;  Orford,  First  liOrd 
of  the  Admiralty;  Ssmertet,  Master  of  the  Hone;  and  Walpole,  Paymaster  of 
the  Forces. 

'  Vacant  by  the  death  of  Halifax,  and  the  rem^.val  of  the  Earl  of  Carlisle,  who 
had  immediately  lucceeded  Halifax.     Coxe,  L  71. 

*  Bolingbroke,  Oxford,  Strafford,  and  Ormond,  were  accordingly  impeached. 
t  Through  the  intrigues  of  Sunderland,  Cuxey  i.  93. 
«  C^ze,  L  X31  X  ]bid«  133. 


050  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

vay  to  the  fall  re-estabtisbment  of  tbe  power  of  Walpde  and 
Towosbend.  On  April  4th,  1/21,  Walpole  was  appointed  first 
Lord  Commissioner  op  thb  Treasury^  and  Chancellor  or 

TBE  £xCHEaU£R.3^ 

At  this  time,  among  other  beneficial  regnlations,  Walpole  coan- 
tenanced  a  bill  for  encooragiog  the  introduction  of  naval  stores, 
and  granting  bounties  and  premioins  to  the  importers  of  them 
from  our  colonies  in  North  America. 

It  is  the  observation  of  Dean  Tucker,  in  his  Theory  of  Com- 
merce, that  tbe  advancements  which  have  been  made  in  shipping, 
commerce^  manufactures,  and  in  all  kinds  of  industry,  since  the 
passing  of  this  law,  have  been  prodigious  3  and  it  cannot  be  de- 
nied, even  by  tbe  bitterest  enemies  of  the  Minister,  that  this 
national  improvement  was  principally  due  to  his  liberal  and  en- 
larged spirit.  He  adds,  ''  /  am  persuaded,  that  impartial  posie- 
rity  will  acknowledge,  that  if  ever  a  statesman  deserved  well  of  the 
public.  Sir  Robert  Walpole  wcls  that  rnanj"  And  yet  (ob- 
serves Coxe),  none  of  the  English  historians  have  paid  a  due 
tribute  of  applause  to  these  beneficial  exertions  of  ministerial 
capacity  j  while  some  of  them  enter  with  a  tedious  minuteness 
into  a  detail  of  foreign  transactions,  and  echo  from  one  to  the 
other  the  never-failing  topic  of  Hanoverian  influence  j  while  tbej 
dwell  with  malignant  pleasure  on  those  parts  of  his  coodtlct, 
which  in  their  opinion  prove  the  ascendency  of  influence  and 
corruption;  while  they  repeat  the  speeches  and  reproaches  of  Op- 
position, they  suffer  these  salutary  regulations,  which  ought  to 
render  the  name  of  Walpole  dear  to  every  Englishman,  to  be 
principally  confined  to  books  of  rates  and  taxes,  and  only  to  be 
mentioned  by  commercial  writers.* 

On  May  26th,  1723,  he  was  nominated  one  of  the  Lords  Jus- 
tices for  the  administration  of  the  government;  and,  by  his  Ma^ 
jesty's  appointment,  he  was  sworn  on  May  29th  following,  sole 
Secretary  of  State,  during  the  absence  of  the  Lord  Viscount 
Townshend,  and  the  Lord  Carteret,  who  went  with  the  King  to 
Hanover. 

On  June  10th,  1723,  the  King  rewarded  the  services  of  Wal- 
pole, by  creating  his  son  a  Peer.  The  distinction  had  been  offered 
by  the  King  to  himself,  but,  conscious  that  his  talents  were  best 
calculated  for  the  House  of  Conrmons,  and  that  his  consequence 
would  soon  decline  if  he  was  called  to  the  Upper  House,  he  waved 
the  dignity  for  himself.* 

y  Coxc,  I.   159.  2  Ibid.  165.  *Ibid.  176. 


EARL  OF  ORFORD.  657 

On  i/Laf  27th,  1725,  his  Majesty  Conferred  on  him  the  dignity 
of  Knighthood  of  the  most  honourable  Order  of  the  Bath,  upon' 
the  revival  thereof.  On  June  7th  following,  his  Majesty  declared 
him  one  of  the  Lords  Justices  for  the  administration  of  the  Go* 
vemment  during  his  stay  at  Hanbve^.  Also,  on  May  26th,  1726; 
be  was  elected  Knioht-Companion  of  the  most  noble  OaoER  op 
THE  Gartbb,  and  was  installed  at  Windsor,  June  'r6th;  and,  in 
1727^  was  one  of  the  Lords  Justices  of  Great  Britaiir. 

On  the  afccession  of  his  late  Majesty,  he  was  on  July  jUttij  1 727, 
continued  in  his  office  of  first  Commissioner  of  the  Treasury, 
flnd^CHAKCBLtoR  and  Under-Treasurer  of  the  Excheclubr}^ 
also  one  of  his  Majesty's  Priiry-council;  and  was  chosen  one  of 
the  Governors  of  the  Charter-house.  At  his  Majesty's  Coronation^ 
October  11th,  1727,  he  attended  as  a  Privy-counsellor,  and  as 
Knight  of  the  Garter,  in  the  full  habit  and  collar  of  that  most 
noble  order,  &c. 

The  wisdom  of  continuing  the  Administration,  was  prov6d  by 
the  unanimity  with  which  affairs  were  at  first  conducted  in  par- 
liament; and  the,  accession  of  George  IL  which  the  Jacobites, 
abroad  and  at  home,  had  impatiently  expected  as  a  signal  of  a  new 
Revolution'^  took  place  with  the  roost  perfect  tranquillity .<^ 

As  the  same  men  vrttt  continued  in  office,  of  course  the  same 
measures  were  pursued  both  at  home  and  abroad.  At  home,  to 
continue  the  pilblic  ti^nqutllity,  to  counteract  the  schemes  of  the 
Jacobites,  to  promote  commerce,  to  encourage  agriculture  and 
manufactures,  were'  the  great  efibrts  of  Administratbn;  and  in 
these  Walpole  took  an  active  and  leading  part.*' 

It  was  at  this  period  that  the  heterogeneous  body  of  the  OppcT- 
aitioQ  began  to  form  itself  into  consistency;  and  to  compose  a 
firm  and  compact  phalanx,  which  resisted  all  the  efRsrts  and  in- 
fluence of  the  Ministers  to  divide  them,  and  which  finally  drove 
Walpole  firom  the  helm.  Pulteney  became  the  great  leader  of 
the  Whig  part  of  this  body;  under  him  were  ranged  his  kinsman 
Daniel  Puheney,  Sir  John  Barnard,  Sandys,  and  afterwards  Lord 
Pplwarth,  Pitt,  Lytteltou',  and  the  Grenvilles.  Sir  William  Wynd- 
ham  was  the  chief  leader  of  the  Tories;  and  William  Shippen 
was  the  head  of  the  Jacobites^  who  did  not  form  less  than  fifty 
members.  Those  who  supported  the  Mb&ters  were.  Lord  Hervey^ 
whose  character  and  talents  hate  been  scandalously  depreciated 

b  Through  the  iafluence  of  Qacen  Caroline;  though  the  new  King  had  fint 
intended  to  confer  the  Preaiierthip  on  Sir  Spencei'  Compton.     Co»*i  I.  28 z. 

c  Ihid.  2^0.  '  Ibid.  291. 

rou  V.  2  V 


0M  PEEBAOB  OF  ENGLAND. 

by  Pope,  Heorj  Pelbam^  Sir  WiUiam  Yonge»  whom  Jofanion 
calls  the  best  speaker  in  the  House  of  Comnions,  WioningtoD, 
and  his  brother,  Horace  Walpole^  whose  taleots  for  D^otialioo^ 
iodefaiigable  assiduity  Id  business,  and  acquaiatance  with  foreign 
transactions,  rendered  him  an  able  coadjutor/ 

In  May  1 730,  Walpole,  after  a  growing  coolness  of  some  ieogtb, 
lost  the  co-operation  of  his  brother-in-law,  Townshend,  who  re- 
tired in  disgust  from  the  office  of  Secretary  of  State,  but  nobly 
refused  to  join  the  Opposition  j  and  spent  the  remainder  of  his 
days  in  a  dignified  retreat/ 

At  this  period  of  his  life,  Walpole  brought  forward  the  Exein 
Sill,  which  raised  such  a  clamour,  that  the  memory  of  it  has  not 
yet  subsided. 

Dean  Tucker  makes  the  following  observations  on  thia  subject: 
''  Without  entering  into  a  defence  of  all  parts  of  Wa1pole*s  con- 
duct, I  am  persurided  that  impartial  posterity  will  do  hiai  the 
justice  to  acknowledge,  that,  if  ever  a  statesman  Reserved  well  of 
the  British  nation,  Sir  Robert  Walpole  was  the  man.  Indeed  the 
only  true  way  of  discovering  whether  we  are  advancing  or  re* 
treating  in  our  political  and  commercial  capacity,  is  to  compare 
the  past  with  Ifae  present,  and  to  examine  whether  we  have  the 
same  quantity  of  pernicious  taxes,  and  monopolizing  patents,  as 
we  had  formerly.  Sec,** 

"  One  of  the  great  merits  of  Sir  Robert  Walpole,  and  in  which 
perhaps  no  Minister  ever  approached  him^  was  that  of  simplifying 
the  taxes,  abolishing  the  numerous  petty  complicated  imposts, 
which  checked  commcfrce,  and  vexed  the  ftir  trader^  and  SQbata^ 
tttting  in  their  stead  more  equal  and  simple. 

*'  But  to  omit  matters  of  lesser  note,  the  wisest  proposal  to  re- 
lieve the  nation  was  the  Excise  scheme;  by  means  of  which  the 
whole  island  would  have  been  one  getketa]  free  port,  and  a  toMgtf 
line  and  common  storehouse  for  all  nations.*'  s 

Such,  however,  was  the  violence  of  the  Opposition  to  this  mca* 
sure,  that  the  Minister  deemed  it  prudent  to  abandon  his  pbo; 
having  only  carried  the  first  reading  of  the  Bill,  on  April  4ih, 
1733,  by  a  small  majority. 

In  1738,  the  depredations  of  the  Spaniards  inflamed  the  British 
nation  to  a  desire  of  war;  which,  not  coinciding  with  the  padfic 
principles  of  Walpple^  brought  on  him  a  new  odium,  increased 

«  Coxe,  I.  «94»  S9S* 
'  See  Vol.  II.  artid:  Ttmmktmli  and  Coie,  I.  138. 

f  Coxe,  I.  37». 


EARL  OF"  ORSORD.  fyg 

hj  all  the  arts  of  Opposition.  Tbc  pablic  mind  waf  agitated  to 
a  degree  of  frenzy,  and  their  expectations  to  a  pitch,  which  no 
reasonable  concessions  could  gratify. 

War  at  length  became  inevitable,  in  spite  of  the  Minister, 
fomented  as  the  seeds  of  discord  were  in  so  many  quarters.  The 
nation  received  the  declaration  of  war  with  joy  and  enthusiasm. 

Burke  says,  that ''  having  seen,  and  with  some  care  examined 
the  original  documents  on  this  affair/'  they  *'  perfectly  satisfied" 
him  <'  of  the  extreme  injustice  of  that  war,  and  of  the  falsehood  of 
the  colours,  which,  to  his  own  ruin,  and  guided  by  a  mistaketi 
{>Qlicy,  he  suffered  to  be  daubed  over  that  measure.*' 

**  Thus  situated  (adds  Coxe),  and  thus  embarrassed,  thwarted 
by  the  King,  counteracted  by  the  Cabinet,  reviled  by  the  nation^ 
and  compelled  to  dedare  war  against  his  own  opinion/  a  natural 
question  arises,  why  did  he  not  resign?  In  fact,  he  did  request 
the  K.ing*s  pemnssion  to  resign;  but  the  King  refused  to  admit 
his  resignation.*'  ^ 

Coxe,  however,  ote6nres,  that  it  would  have  been  wiser  and 
nobler  to  have  declined  compliaifce  with  the  King's  request i  and 
that  *'  the 'Consequence  of  his,  contitt<@noe  in  office  yruB,  repeated 
mortifications  firom  those  with  whom  he  acted,  and  insults  from 
those  who  opposed  him;  and  that,  in  less  than  two  years  from  this 
period,  he  was  redaced  to  compulsory  resignation'.*'^ 

At  length,  on  Decem^r  28th,  1741,  the- Opposi^on  finally 
triumphed. 

On  February  9th.  1742,  Sir  Robert  Walpob  was  created  £axl 
OT  Orfohd,  and  on  the  lldi  be  resigned. 

''  The  interview,  when  he  took  leave  of  the  King,  was  highly 
affecting.  On  kneeling  down  to  kiss  his  hand,  the  King  burst  into 
tears,  ^nd  the  £x-M inister  was  so  moved  with  that  instance  of 
regard,  that  he  continued  for  some  time  in  that  posture*!  and  the 
King  was  so  touched,  that  he  was  unable  to  raise  hiol  from  the 
ground.  When  he  at  length  rose,  the  King  testified  his  regret  for 
the  loss  of  BO  faithful  a  counsellor,  expressed  bis  gratitude  lor  hia 
long  services,  and  his  hopes  of  receiving  advice  on  important  00- 
icasions/'*^ 

After  thfee  years  of  retirement,  in  which,  however,  he  still 
continued  to  busy  himself  in  the  arrangement  of  parties,  and  giv- 
ing advice  regarding  public  affiiirs,'and  during  which  some  vain 
jrttempts  were  made  with  much  mdusuy  to  impeach  himibr  the 

Ik  Coze,  I.  625.  &  Ibid.  k  ibid,  696.  , 


coo  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

cooduGt  of  bis  long  adminisfratioo,  he  expired  at  his  house  !■ 
<ArliogtOD*8treet,  London  (whither  he  had  gone  on  the  sammoof 
of  the  Ring)>  on  March  18th,  \7^5p  «^-  ^j  ^nd  was  baried  at 
HooghtoD. 

Mr.  Coxe  has  written  this  great  man's  Hie  so  fblly,  that  he  h» 
left  nothing  for  subsequent  compilers  but  to  copy  of  abridge. 

'^  He  receired  (says  he)^  an  excellekit  educatibn,  came  esrl/ 
into  pafliameot,  spoke  at  first  indifferently^  until  habit  and  prac- 
tice rendered  him  an  able  debater ^  was  promoted  to  an  office  io- 
the  AdmiralCy,  in  the  twenty-eighth  yen  of  b4s  age ;  became  Se« 
cretary  at  War  at  thirty;  was  trained  to  business  under  Maribo^ 
rough'  and  Gtxiolpbin;  and  managed  the  House  of  Commons 
during  the  Whig  administration.    Being  deprived  of  his  plaice,  be 
distinguished  himself  in  Opposition :  was  persecuted  by  the  Tories, 
and  considered  as  a  martyr  by  the  Wbigs.    He  promoted;  with 
anabated  zeal^  the  Protestant  succession,  aiid  was  rewarded  for 
bis  services,  with  the  place  of  Paymaster  of  the  Forces,  by  the 
new  Sovereign,  whom  he  had  assisted  in  fixing  upon  the  throne. 
Thus  educated  and  inured  to  business,  having  thus  served  under 
Govemtncnt  and  acted  in- Opposition,  he  was  placed  at  the  head 
of  the  IVeasmy.    In  thi9  sitQation>  adored  by  his  family,  beloved 
by  his  friends;  and  esteemed  by  his  pskrty^  he  was  courted  and 
idolized.    His  fiiculty  for  transacting  business,  and  bis  ttilents  for 
calculation,  were  considered  by  his  fond  admirers  as  the  gift  of 
nature  j  when,  in  reality^  they  were  the  result  of  education,  asst-^ 
^ttity,  and  experience/* 

'^  His  merit  has  been  acknoWledjged  dS  an  able  minister  of 
finance.  Parsimony  of  the  public  money  was  one  of  his  chief 
characteristics.  The  improvement  of  British  trade,  under  his 
auspices,  is  g^tiefalty  acknowledged.  His  eloquence  was  plain, 
perspicuous,  forcible,  and  manly  j  the  tone  of  his  voice  was  please 
ing  and  melodioutfv  The  force  of  his  speeches  resulted  rather  from 
general  height,  energy,  and  arrangement  tf  the  whole,  than  from 
the  splendor  of  particular  parts.  His  whole  system*  was-  a  system 
of  gradual  improvement:  it  is  only  necessary  to  cast  a  superficial 
glance  over  the  regulations  in  commerce,  finance,  and  jurispru>» 
•derce,  which  took  place  during  hb  lidministration,  t6  be  convinced 
of  this  truth. **> 

Burke  bas  thus  sketched  his  public  character:  ''  He  'was  an 
hwiourable  man,  and  a  sound  Whig.    He  was  not,  as  thc^  Jaco- 

i  Coie,  1. 749— 753' 


EARL  OF  ORPORD.  661 

bites,  aad  discontented  Whigs^  ^f  his  own  time  have  represented 
hioij  and  as  ill-informed  peopb  still  represent  bim^  a  prodigal 
and  corrnpt  Minister.  They  charged  him,  in  their  libels  and 
seditious  conversations,  as  having  first  reduced  corruption  to  a 
system:  such  was  their  cant.  But  he  was  far  from  governing  by 
corruption.  He  governed  by  party  at^achmenls.  The  charge  of 
systemalic  corruption  is  less  applicable  Ito  him,  perhaps,  than  to 
any  Minister  who  ever  served  the  Crown  for  so  great  a  teogtii  of 
time.  He  gained  over  very  few  from  the  Opposition.  Without 
being  a  genius  of  the  first  class;  he  was  an  int«lligenc,  pra* 
dem,  and  safe  Minister.  He  loved  peace,  and  he  helped  to  com- 
mcnlqate  the  same  disposition  to  no^tions,'  at  least  as  warlike  and 
restless  as  that  in  which  he  had  the  chief  direction  of  afiairs* 
Though  he  served  a  Master,  who  was  fond  of  martial  fame,  bm 
kept  all  the  establishments  very  low.  The  land-tax  continued  at 
two  shillings  in  the  pounds  for  the  greater  part  of  his  administra- 
tion. The  other  impositions  were  moder.ite.  The  profound  re* 
pose,  the  equal  liberty,  the  firm  protection  of  just  laws,  during 
the  long  period  of  his  power,  were  the  principal  causes  of  that 
prosperity,  which  took  such  rapid  strides  towards  perfection;  and 
which  furnished  to  this  nation  ability  to  acquire  the  military 
glory,  which  it  has  since  obtained,  as  well  as  to  bear  the  burdens, 
the  cause  and  consequence  of  that  Warlike  reputation.  With 
many  virtues,  public  ai^d  private,  l^e  h^d  ^^^  faults,  but  his  faults 
were  superficial.  A  careless,  coarse,  and  over-familiar  style  of 
discourse,  without  sufficient  regard  to  persons  or  occasions,  and 
an  almost  total  wa<nt  of  political  decorum,  were  the  errors  by 
"which  he  was  most  hurt  in  the  public  opinion,  and  those  through 
-which  his  enemies  obtained  the  most  advantage  over  him.  But 
justice  must  be  done.  The  prudence^  steadiness,  and  vigilance^ 
of  that  roan,  joined  to  the  greatest  possible  lenity,  in  his  character 
and  in  his  politics,  preserved  the  Crown  to  this  Royal  Family  3  and 
with  it,  their  laws  and  liberties  to  this  country." 

He  first  married  Catherine,  daughter  of  John  Shorter,  of  Bi- 
brook,  in  Kent,  Esq.  by  Elizabeth  his  wife',  daughter  of  Sir 
Erasmus  Phillips,  of  Picton  Castle,  ^n  Pembrokeshire,  Bart.  This 
Lady  died  August  20th,  1737.™  * 


m 


Epitaph  on  a  moniimcnt  in  King  Henry  VfTs  Chapel, 

Westminster  Alley. 

To  the  Memory 

of 

Cathexine  Lady  Walpokf 


est  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

He  married^  secondly^  Maria,  daughter  and  sole  heir  of  Tho- 
mas  Skerret,  Esq.    She  died  of  a  fever,  June  4th,  1738.'' 

By  bit  termer  wif|»  (Catherine  Shorter),  Lord  Orford  had 

issue, 

1.  fiobtrt,  second  MftrL 

2.  Sir  Edward,  installed  Knight  pf  the  Bath,  December  27tb, . 
1763.  On  April  29tb,  1730,  he  was  elected  M.P.  for  (.estwi-- * 
tbiel,  in  Cornwall,  on  a  vacancy  by  the  death  of  Sir  Edwan) 
Knatchbull,  Bart,  (n  1734,  he  was  chosen  for  Great  Yarmoath, 
in  Norfolk,  and  constantly  served  for  the  same  place  till  17^. 
He  went  Secretary  to  the  Di^ke  of  Devonshire,  when  Lord  Lieu- 
tenant of  Ireland;  and  on  May  12th,  1739,  was  constituted  Clerii 
of  the  Pells  in  the  Exchequer,  worth  30001.  a  yea^r.  He  dieil 
nmjOArried^  17S4,  aged  seven ty-eight.<» 

Eldest  Daushter  of  John  Shorter,  Etq. 

Of  Bybrook,  in  Kent, 

and 

Firit  wife  of  Sir  Robert  Walpole, 

Aftei  wards  Earl  of  Orford, 

Horace, 

Her  youngest  son. 

Consecrates  this  Monument;' 

She  had  Beauty  and  Wit 

Without  Vice  and  Vanity ; 

And  cultivated  the  Arts 

Without  Affectation. 

She  was  deroat, 

Tho'  without  bigotry  to  any  Sect, 

And  was  without  prejudice  to  any  Party, 

fho'  the  Wife  cf  a  Ministerj 

Whose  power  $he  esteem*d. 

But  when  she  e«M  employ  it 

To  benefit  the  fAinnUkg 
Or  to  reward  thf  Meritorious. 

She  bv*d  a  private  Life, 
Tho'  bom  to  shine  in  public : 
^  And  was  an  Ornament  to  Courts : 

Untainted  by  them* 
She  Jied  Aug,  20,  1737. 

This  w.  s  written  by  her  son,  Horace. 

"  By  her  he  had  a  daughter.  Lady  Mary  (but  born  before  mirriage),  marxM 
to  Colonel  Churchill,  father  of  the  late  and  present  General  Chuichill,  of  La^ 
Cadogan,  and  of  the  first  wife  of  the  present  Earl  o'  Orford.  Sir  Robert  obtaioed 
for  her  the  Kiog*s  licence  for  the  rank  of  an  Eirfs  daughter.  She  wm  Hook- 
keeper  of  Windsor  Castle,  and  deceased  within  these  few  yean. 

*  He  left  three  natural  daughters  t  the  iace  I>«chcs9  of  Gloucester  (widow  of 


EAftL  OF  ORFORD.  963 

3.  Horace^  who  sacceeded  his  nephew  as  fourth  Earl  of  Or- 
ford. 

4.  Mary,  married  to  George,  third  Earl  of  Cbolcnondeley,  and 
died  rn  1732. 

RoBBHT,  SECOND  Earl  OP  Oapoud,  his  said  eldest  son,  hav- 
ing had  all  the  advantages  of  education  at  hocne,  set  out  on  his 
travels  in  the  year  1720,  and  before  his  return,  in  consideration 
of  the  great  services  of  his  father,  the  antiquity  of  his  flioiily,  the 
merits  of  his  ancestors,  and  that  the  name  of  WaJfole  might  ba 
more  conspicuous  fas  Inserted  in  the  preamble  to  his  patent),  was 
created  a  Peer  of  Great  Britain,  by  the  name,  siyle,  and  title  of 
Lord  Walfole,  Baron  of  Walpole,  in  the  county  of  Norfolk 
(the  ancient  inheritance  of  his  family),  by  letters  patent,  bearing 
date  June  lOth,  1 723>  with  limitation,  for  want  of  heirs  malcj  to 
Edward  and  Horace,  his  brothers j  and,  in  default  of  their  heirs 
male,  to  their  father,  Sir  Robert  Walpole,  and  his  heirs  male,  re- 
mainder  to  the  heirs  male  of  Robert  Walpole,  Esq.  father  of  the 
said  Sir  Robert  Walpole. 

His  Lordship  took  his  place  in  the  House  of  Peer8>  January 
21st,  1723.  He  married,  on  March  27th,  1724,  Margaret,  daugh- 
ter and  sole  heir  of  Samuel  Rolle,  of  Haynton,  in  com.  Devon, 
Esq.  by  which  Lady  (who  was,  secondly,  married  to  the  Hon, 
Sewallis  Shirley,  Esq.  and  was  afterwards  Barorbss  Cliktow 
AND  Sat,  and  died  in  178l,p  in  Italy),  he  had  issue  one  son> 
named  George,  by  his  late  Majesty,  who  was  afterwards  his  god- 
£ither,  and  the  Queen  his  godmother. 

On  the  revival  of  the  Order  of  the  Bath,  in  1/29,  he  was  created 
one  of  the  Knights  thereof.  On  October  3d,  1727,  our  late  So- 
vereign was  pleased  to  grant  him  the  office  of  Ranger  and  Keeper 
of  his  Majesty's  new  Park,  near  Richmond,  in  Surrey.  After 
which  he  was  constituted  Clerk  of  the  Pells  in  the  Exchequer t 
and,  in  April,  1733,  appointed  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Gustos  Ro* 
tulorum  of  the  county  of  Devon.  On  July  Stb,  1738,  he  wa# 
made  Master  of  the  Harriers  and  Foxhounds;  and  00  May  12tb, 
1739,  was  constituted  Auditor  of  his  Majesty- s  Exchequer,  worth 
70001.  a  year;  when  he  resigned  his  place  of  Clerk  of  the  Pells 
to  his  brother,  the  Hon,  Edward  Walpole,  Esq.    And  departing 

Earl  Waldegrave),  the  late  Couatess  of  Dysart,  and  the  present  Mis.  Keppel, 
widow  of  the  Bishop  of  Exeter. 

P  She  was  a  Lady  of  well-known  eccentricities,  and  brooght  him  a  fortune  of 
4000/.  a  ycjr.  See  mention  of  her  in  Lady  Mary  Wortlcy  Montago's  Letten. 
See  also  tide  ClintM  ami  Saj,  in  Vol.  VI. 


«d4  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

tbU  life>  on  April  Ist,  1751,  wjis  buried  at  HoQghjton,  bdipg  spc- 
ceeded  in  his  honours  and  estate  by  his  only  son, 

Gborob,  THiai^  Earl  of  Obfori^,  born  on  April  1st,  1730» 
who  in  the  late  reign  enjoyed  the  places  of  Lord  of  the  King*! 
Bedchamber,  and  of  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Gustos  Rotnlorooi  of 
the  county  of  Norfolk,  and  of  the  city  and  county  pf  the  city  of 
Norwich.  He  was  continued  in  these  offices  by  his  present  Ma- 
jesty* who  moreover  appointed  him,  on  February  1st,  17G3,  ^.an* 
ger  and  Keeper  of  St.  James  and  Hyde  Parks.  His  Lordship  was 
also  Steward  of  the  Corporation  of  Yarmouth.  He  died  unmarried 
in  December  5th,  1/91,^  and  was  succeeded  by  his  uncle, 

HoRACB,  FOURTH  Earl  OF  Orford,  who  wRs  bom  2717» 
educated  at  Eton  (where  he  formed  a  friendship  with  Gray,  the 
Poet),  apd  at  jC^mbridge.  He  ^hen  travelled,  1739,  1740^  an4 
1741. 

In  1741,  he  was  returned  M.  P.  for  Callington,  in  Cornwall; 
and  in  1747>  ^or  Castle-Riding,  in  Norfolk,  and  again  in  1734, 
for  the  same^  and  for  King*s  Lynn  in  1754  and  17^1 ;  at  the  ex- 
ptratipn  of  which  last  parliament,  he  finally  reti|:ed  from  the  sta^ 
of  politics,  and  confioed  himself  wholly  to  literary  pursuits. 

His  father  procured  for  him  the  places  of  Usher  of  the  Receipt 
of  the  Exchequer,  Comptroller  of  the  Great  Roll,  and  Clerk  pr 
l^tepex  of  the  Foreign  Receipts,  worth  together  25001.  ^  year. 

^STith  this  income  he  built  his  celeb|:Bted  vilja  ^t  Twickeohara, 
in  the  Gvothic  style,  called  StroMfherry  Hill,  and  enriched  it  with 
books  and  pictures,  and  other  elegant  or  curious  specimens  of  the 
arts,  so  as  to  make  it  the  object  of  national  attraction. 

Here  he  established  a  private  press,  at  which  he  not  only  printed 
his  own  works,  but  many  other  curious  pieces.  From  thia  press 
first  usued  The  Catalogue  of  Moyal  and  Noble  Authors ^  17^8j  2 
vols,  I2m^.  Anecdotes  of  Painting,  1/62,  1763.^  Historic 
Doults,  176s,  Mysterious  Mother,  1768.  Miscellaneous  Anti" 
quities,  ^7T^9  -^^o.* 

He  died  unmarried,  at  his  house  in  Berkeley  Square,  March  2d^ 
1797»  aged  seventy-nine. 

His  character  has  been  thus  drawn: 

• 

^  He  was  an  eccentric  cbaracteri  with  somejngenuitjri  much  addicted  to  agri- 
cultural pursuits,  aod  the  last  of  the  English  nobility  who  {xraciised  the  ancient 
sport  of  Hawking.    .Stc  Gent.  Mag.  I^Xf.  1164,1232. 

r  The  Cattle  of  Otranto,  affecting  concealment,  did  not  come  from  this  prf»» 
s  Hence  also  issued  Gray *s  Poems,  with  fieotley^s  Destgne,  folio,  1757;  aad 
Gray's  Two  Odes,  1757,  4to.  &e. 


EARL  OF  CRFOl^D.  66$ 

5'  He  seems  to  bave  been  the  fayoorUe  child  of  his  &dier,  who 
vras  vaiu  of  his  lively  parts,  and  probably  ii^ured  the  force  of  hi» 
future  character  by  early  indulgence.  He  distinguished  himself 
at  £(on,  and  formed  friendships  with  .those  of  the  fi^^t  talents  and 
acquiremeotSi  more  especially  Gray  and  West.  When  he  travel- 
led, the  son  of  a  long-established  and  powerful  British  Premier  of 
course  enjoyed  every  attention  and  advantage.  On  his  return  home 
he  came  into  parliament,  and  made  a  conspicuous  figure,  both  in 
the  circles  of  fashion  and  literature.  He  discovered  a  very  acute  ac- 
quaintance with  histpry }  a  great  fondness  for  antiquities)  and  a  very 
nice  and  discrii^inatire  taste  in  the  arts.  Having  been  providedt 
through  his  father's  patronage,  with  a  lucrative  sinecure  in  the 
£xchequer^  he  had  the  means  to  indulge  his  leisure^  and  his  iove 
of  books,  architecture,  and  painting.  He  bought  a  villa  at  Twick'* 
enham,  and  displayed  his  inventive  genius,  by  turning  it  into  a 
most  curious^  elegant,  and  rich  Gothic  mansion,  which  he  called 
Strawberry  Hilli  and  which  became  the  favourite  residence  of 
bb  future  life.  Here  he  collected  a  library,  and  an  assemblage  of 
rare  and  valuable  specimens  of  the  arts,  unique  both  in  their  na- 
4;.ure  and  extent.  The  mind  of  the  Master,  adorned  with  inex* 
baustible  stores  of  congenial  knowledge,  was  calculated  to  give  a 
double  effect  to  these  treasures.  In  this  retreat,  he  dedicated 
much  of  his  time  to  study  and  composition.  The  Royal  end  Noble 
Authors;  The  Anecdotes  of  Painting ;  The  Historic  Doubts;  and. 
The  Castle  o/fltranto,  were  some  of  the  first  fruits  of  his  retire- 
ment. The  circumstance  of  their  being  printed  at  a  private  press^ 
stamped  an  additional  value  on  thefn,  amongst  the  curious  collec- 
tors of  typography.  Sut  these  works  have-  many  intrinsic  claims 
to  praise;  they  possess  much  vivacity,  much  acuteness,  much  re- 
^^rch,  and  often  throw  new  light  on  the  subjects  he  discusses. 
Sometimes,  indeed,  he  was  more  anxious  to  say  what  was  brilliant, 
than  what  was  just  j  but  he  was,  notwithstanding,  a  very  valuable 
writer;  and  posterity  will  probably  bestow  more  credit  on  him, 
than  has  hitherto  been  allowed  him  *  by  the  jealousy  of  rank  and 
^rtune."" 

On  the  death  of  Earl  Horace,  all  the  titles  became  extinct,  ex- 

f  Lord  Orford*s  Works  haye  been  published  cioce  his  death,  in  fi?e  fplendid 
4to.  vols. 

These,  with  Coxe's  Life  of  S2r  Robert  Walpole*  three  vols.  4tD.  and  Coxe*8 
Life  of  Lord  Walpcle ,  one  vol.  410.  form  a  complete  account  of  the  WaJpole 
faintly. 

«  Biogr.  Peerage. 


9S6  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

cq>t  the  Barony,  which  devolved  on  his  first  cousin^  HoraHo,  Lord 

Walpole,  of  Wolterton^ 

HoEATio,  Lord  Walpotb,  yoangcr  brother  of  the  Jfrj/  Earl 
of  Orfordy  betaking  himself  early  to  pablic  business,  was,  in  1707» 
appointed  chief  Secretary  to  Henry  Boyle,  Esq.  who  then  had 
the  office  of  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer,  and  in  the  seqaH  acted 
as  Principal  Secretary  of  State,  was  created  Lord  Carlton,  and  died 
President  of  the  Privy-council. 

In  17O6,  bis  Lordship  went  with  Major-general  James  Stanhope 
(afterwards  Earl  Stanhope),  as  Secretary  of  the  embassy  to 
Charles  III.  King  of  Spain,  who  became  Emperor  of  Germany, 
in  171 U  by  the  name  of  Charles  VI.  His  Lordship  likewise 
acted  in  the  same  character  to  John,  Duke  of  Marlborough,  and 
Charles,  second  Viscount  To wnshend,  when  they  were  constituted 
Plenipotentiaries,  in  1709>  to  treat  with  those  of  France }  as  also 
next  year,  when  the  French  made  new  overtures  for  a  genera)  pa- 
cification, at  Gertruydenburgh.  Moreover,  the  before-mentioned 
Viscount  Townshend  having  been,  on  September  17th,  1714, 
sworn  one  of  the  Principal  Secretaries  of  State,  his  Lordship  was, 
lour  days  afterwards,  nominated  Secretary  to  him  in  that  depart- 
ment; and  was  employed,  soon  after,  to  transact  certain  matters 
of  importance  with  the  States  General  of  the  United  Provinces  at 
the  Hague.  His  elder  brother.  Sir  Robert,  having  been  appointed 
first  Commissioner  of  the  Treasury,  and  Chancellor  of  the  Ex- 
chequer, on  October  10th,  17i5>  he  was  invested  with  the  office 
of  Secretary  to  the  t>oard  of  Treasury,  00  the  12th  of  that  month. 
Jn  1716,  his  Lordship  was  sent  Envoy  Extraordinary  and  Pleni* 
potentiary  to  the  States  General  aforesaid,  and  attended  King 
€»eQrge  I.  at  Hanover  the  same  year;  in  1717*  he  succeeded  to 
the  office  of  Surveyor  and  Auditor  General  of  all  his  Majesty's 
revenues  in  America,  in  consequence  of  a  reversionary  grant  ob- 
tained some  time  before :  but  in  April  that  year  he  resigned  his 
post  in  the  Treasury,  when  his  elder  brother,  and  other  great  Mi* 
ulsters,  quitted  their  employments. 

His  Lordship,,  from  that  time,  had  no  ofi^ce  dependant  on  the 
Crown,  except  that  of  Surveyor  and  Auditor  General  of  the  royal 
revenues  in  America,  which  was  for  life,  until  June,  1720^  whei^ 
Charles  Fitz-Roy,  second  Duke  of  Grafton,  having  t>een  declared 
Iiord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland,  he  was  constituted  Secretary  of  State 

^  The  esUtesi  after  a  suit  in  Chancery,  were  decreed  to  the  Earl  of  Cholmoa^ 
4etey,  as  descended  from  the  firsc  Earl  of  Orford's  daughter. 


EARL  OP  ORFORD.  QOf 

Ibr  Hiat  kingdom;  ^wbere^  at  his  arrival^  he  was  admitted  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Privy-council.  His  brother.  Sir  Robert  Walpole,  beiog 
le-instated  in  the  offices  of  first  Commissioner  of  tbe  Treasury, 
and  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer,  in  Aprils  17^1^  when  he  re- 
signed the  post  of  Paymaster > general  of  the  land  forces  (which 
Jiad  been  conferred  on  him  in  June  the  preceding  year),  his  Lord« 
ship  was  again  appointed  Secretary  to  the  Treasury. 

On  January  13th,  \723  4,  he  was  dispatched  on  affairs  of  mo* 
ment  to' the  Court  of  France,  in  quality  of  £nvoy  Extraordinary 
and  Plenipotentiary;  and,  on  May  5th  following,  was  invested 
with  the  character  of  Ambassador  Extraordinary  to  that  Court, 
where  be  resided  till  the  death  of  King  George  I.  which  happened 
on  June  11th,  1727;  after  which,  visiting  England,  he  had  his 
powers  renewed,  and  on  July  23d  ensuing,  set  out  again  £ot  Paris. 
In  1728,  his  Lordship  was  named  one  of  the  three  Ambassadors 
•  and  Plenipo^ntiaries  to  the  Congress,  to  be  held  at  Soissons;  hia 
colleagues  were,  the  late  Earl  of  Harrington,  and  Stephen  Poyntz, 
Esq.;  and  on  June  12tb,  that  year,  arrived  there,  where  the  Itii- 
perial,  French,  Spanish  and  Dutch  Ministers  also  assembled. 

On  May  5th,  1730,  being  then  in  France,  he  was  constituted 
Cofferer  of  his  Majesty's  Household;  and  afterwards  coming  to 
England,  was,  on  November  I2th^  1730,  sworn  of  the  Privy, 
council,  and  took  his  seat  at  the  board  accordingly. 

His  Lordship,  i.n  1734^  was  sent  Ambassador  Extraordinary  and 
Plenipotentiary  to  the  States  General;  and  maintained  that  cha- 
racter until  174O;  having  in  the  interval  occasionally  visited  Eng- 
land, to  assist  at  the  Council  table^  or  in  parliament. 

On  May  2d,  1741,  be  was  appointed  a  Teller  of  the  Exchequer^ 
having  at  the  same  time  resigned  the  place  of  Cofferer  of  the 
Household:  and  his  Majesty,  in  consideration  of  his  long  and 
faithful  services,  was  pleased  to  create  him  a  Peer  of  Great  Eri* 
tain,  by  the  name  and  style  of  Lord  Walfole,  op  Woltbr- 
^ON,  in  the  cjunty  of  Norfolk,  by  letters  patent  bearing  date  June 
^st,  1756. 

At  the  general  election,  in  1 71 3,  he  was  returned  one  of  the 
members  for  the  town  and  borough  of  Castle  Rising,  in  Norfolk, 
to  the  fourth  parliament  of  Great  Britain,  and  the  last  called  by 
OueenAnne;  being  then  styled  Hoiatio  Walpole,  junior,  Esq.  in 
distinction  from  bis  unc]e>  who  was  then  alive.  In  1714,  he  was 
chosen  to  the  first  parliament  of  King  George  I .  for  the  borough 
of  Beeralston^  in  Devonshire,  by  the  same  designation  \  but  hav- 
ing, in  171 7;  got  possession  of  the  offices  0/  Surveyor  and  Auditor 


aes  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

General  of  the  KiDg^s  revenues  in  America,  as  before  narrated, 
he  thereby  vacated  his  seat.  However,  he  was  elected  next  year 
for  the  borough  of  Eastlooe,  in  .Cornwall;  and,  in  1722,  was 
choseii  both  for  Eastlooc,  and  the  borough  of  Yarmouth,  in  Nor- 
folk, to  the  second  pariiatnent  summoned  by  King  George  I.  but 
made  his  election  for  the  latter,  for  which  he  was  ^  I  so  returned, 
in  1 727,  to  the  first  parliament  convened  by  King  George  IL  He 
was  returned  for  the  city  of  Norwich,  in  Norfolk,  to  the  three 
succeeding  parliaments,  respectively  called  in  1/34,  1741,  and 
1/47;  flnd  for  Castle ,  JlisiQg,  a&resaid^  to  that  sqmmoned  ii> 
1754. 

His  Lordship  died  February  5tb,  l?S7y  art.  79. 

Coxe,  in  his  excellent  Memoirs  of  this  very  -able  ifobletnao,  haf^ 
given  the  following  full  character  of  him : 

f  No  character  was  ever  more  wantonly  misrepresented  by  the 
malignance  of  party  than  that  of  Lord  Walpole.  As  lie  was  the 
brother  of  a  Minister  ^ho  so  long  directed  the  helm  of  govern- 
ment, and  had  ^o  considerable  a  share  in  the  conduct  of  foreign 
affairs,  he  partook  of  the  obloquy  heaped  on  Sir  -Robert  Walpole, 
in  the  numerous  party-pamphlets,  and  periodic9l  papers^  >ybich 
deluged  the  public  dqring  his  admin isi ration.  Smpll^t,  blindly 
adopting  the  malevolence  of  his  opponents,  described  hini>  as 
employed  in  despite  of  nature,  in  different  negotiations:  as  blunt, 
awkward,  and  slovenly;  an  orator  without  eloquence,  an  ambas- 
sador without  dignity,  and  a  plenipotentiary  without  address.  But 
the  CoDtinuator  of  y  Tindal  has  done  justice  to  his  abilities  and 
character;  and  the  late  Earl  of  Hardwicke,  who  cannot  be  sus- 
pected of  interested  flattery,  has  thus  ppid  a  just  tribute  qf  ap- 
pkiuse  to  his  memory : 

''  Mr.  Robinson  (afterwards  Lord  Grantham^  w^s  Secretary 
to  Mr.  Walpole,  Ambassador  to  France.  The  annals  of  this 
country  will  record  the  abilities  of  both :  and  the  £ditor,  witk 
gratitude,  remembers  the  friendship  and  confidence  with  which 
they  indulged  him.  Mr.  Walpole  had  the  greatest  weight  with 
Cardinal  Fleury,  till  Monsieur  Chauvelin  gained  the  ascendant 
over  him;  and  then  the  former  desired  to  be  recalled  from  his 
station.  His  dispatches  (were  they  published),  wo^d  do  credit  tp 
his  unwearied  zeal,  industry,  and  capacity.  He  was  a  great  mastfir 
of  the  commercial  and  political  interests  of  tiiis  country.  He  wsis 
deservedly  raised  to  the  Peerage  in  1756,  and  died  soon  after.    U 

y  rmdal,  Vol,  XX.  p.  J05. 


EARL  OF  OR  FORD.    •  €69 

was  tlie  fashion  of  tbe  Opposition  of  this  time,  to  sstf  that  be  was 
the  dup3  of  Cardinal  Fleuryj  his  correspondence  would  shew  no 
man  was  ever  less  so.  He  negotiated  with  firmness  and  address} 
dnd  with  the  love  of  peace,  which  was  the  system  of  his  brother; 
Sir  Robert,  he  ftever  lost  sight  of  that  great  object,  keeping  np 
the  sources  of  national  strength  and  wealth.  One  of  the  most 
ccrdiai  leave-takings  which  any  public  minister  ever  had,  was  that 
tfrhich  he  exchanged  with  the  Staftcs-Gencral  in  1739,  oft  present-^ 
iiig  his  letters  of  recail/'* 

Coxe  goes  on;  *'  It  is  hoped,  that  this  observation  of  so  Me  m 
judge  of  political  taflents,  will  be  proved  and  justified  by  these 
Memoirs;  and  Lord  Walpole  will  be  vindicated  from  the  unjust 
obloquy  heaped  upon  his  person  and  abilities. 

''  Lord  Walpole,  in  his  person,  was  below  the  middle  si%Be$  he 
did  not  possess  the  graces  recommended  by  Lord  Chesterfield,  as 
the  essential  requisites  of  a  fine  gentleman ;  and  his  manners  were 
plain  and  unassuming;  Notwithstanding  his  long  residence  abroad^ 
he  was  careless  in  his  dress;  though  witty,  he  was  often  boister- 
ous in  conversation,  and  his  speech  was  tinctured  with  the  pro- 
vincial accent  of  Norfolk.  But  these  trifling  defects,  which  the 
prejudices  of  party  highly  exaggerated,  and  which  rendered  hit 
personal  appearance  unprepossessing,  he  was,  himself,  the  first  to 
ridicule.  He  was  freq^iently  heard  to  say,  that  he  never  learnt  to 
dance,  that  he  did  not  piqife  him^f  on*  making  a  bow,  and  that 
he  had  taught  himself  French. 

"  He  was  by  nature  choleric  and  impetuous;  a  foible  which 
he  acknowledges  in  a  letter  to  his  brother.  ^*  You  know  my 
mother  used  to  say,  that  I  was  the  most  passionate,  but  not  the 
most  positive  child  she  ever  had."  He  corrected,  however,  thi« 
defect,  so  prejudicial  to  an  ambassador;  no  one  ever  behaved 
with  more  coolness  and  address  in  adapting  himself  to'  circum- 
stances, and  in  consulting  the  characters  and  prejudices  of  those 
with  whom  he  negotiated. 

'•  Notwithstanding  his  natural  vivacity,  he  was  extremely  pla- 
cable, and  easily  appeased.  He  behaved  to  those  who  had  reviled 
bis  brother*s  Administration,  and  derided  his  own  talents  and 
person,  with  universal  candour  and  affability;  and  no  instance 
occurs  of  his  personal  enmity  to  the  most  violent  of  his  former 
opponents. 

"  In  conversation  he  was  candid  and  unassuming;  and  com* 

>  Hardwicke*f  State  Paperi,  Vol.  II.  p.  631. 


670  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

muoidited  the  inexbauitible  fand  of  matter,  with  wbicfr  hii  lOind 
was  stored,  urith  an  ease  and  ▼iTacity  *  which  arrested  aitentioo. 
lo  the  latter  part  of  his  lifr,  he  foadlj  expatiated  on  past  transact 
lioosy  removed  the  prejodioes  of  many  who  bad  been  deluded  by 
the  misrepresentations  of  party,  and  induced  several  of  his  former 
opponents  candidly  to  confess  their  errors. 

**  With  regard  to  his  moral  conduct,  he  was  stnceie  ki  his  be- 
lief of  Cbristianit/;  and  zealous  and  constant  in  performing  the 
duties  of  religion.  His  private  character  was  irreproachable;  he 
jrsi  a  tender  husband,  ao  affectionate  father,  a  zealous  fricod,  amd 
A  good  master  ^  he  was  particularly  carefiil  in  superioteoding  the 
education  of  his  children,  and  had  the  satbfaction  of  seeing  biff 
cares  repaid  by  their  good  conduct. 

*^  He  maiptaioed  an  unimpeached  character  for  truth  and  inte* 
grity,  as  well  in  his  public,  as  in  his  private  capacity.  He  gave 
a  striking  proof  of  his  invariable  attachment  to  his  word,  by  re- 
fusing  to  sign  the  triple  alliance  between  the  Emperor,  Great 
Britain,  and  France;  because  he  had' solemnly  assured  the  States, 
that  no  treaty  should  be  concluded  with  France  without  their 
participation.  This  attachment  to  truth,  which  has  been  too 
often  supposed  an  iocumbraoce'to  Ministers  in  foreign  transac- 
tions, established  his  credit,  and  contributed  to  bis  success  in  many 
difficult  negotiations.  He  was  equally  trusted  by  the  sagacious 
Fleury,  the  cautious  Heinsius,  and  the  irritable  Slingelandtt. 

He  was  by  nature  and  habit,  arising  from  the  original  small- 
ness  of  his  fortune,  and  from  the  necessity  of  providing  for  a  nu- 
merous family,  strictly  economical;  yet  he  was  liberal  in  rewarding 
services,  and  magnificent,  whenever  the  dignity  of  his  station 
required.  During  bis  embassies  he  acted  with  a  laudable  spirit, 
which  few  ambassadors  have  imitated;  even  in  his  absence,  a 
regular  table  was  maintained,  and  the  sdme  establishment  (ex- 
cept in  his  equipages),  kept  up  as  when  he  was  present.  He  vrax 
accustomed  to  say,  that  the  best  intelligence  is  obtained  by  the 
convivial  intercourse  of  a  good  table;  and  was  anxious  to  give  the 
same  opportunities  to  his  secretary. 

"  He  was  always  an  early  riser,  and  usually  finished  his  dis- 

*  ''  Bishop  Kcene,  in  a  letter  to  Mr.  Etough,  says,  *  Old  Horace  dioed  wit& 
me  the  other  day  $  he  was  uncommonly  communicative  and  agreeable.'  The 
late  much  regretted  Lord  Sydney,  frequently  eipatiated  on  Lord  Walpole's  spirited 
and  interesting  flow  of  conversation ;  Mr •  Cresset  Pelham  also  reco'llects,  with 
pleasure,  the  satisfaction  and  information  which  he  derived  from  his  intercourse 
with  Lord  Walpole.** 


EARL  OP  ORFORD.  6?! 

iMitches  and  transacted  Lis  basiness  before  the  hoar  of  dinner, 
unJess  he  was  pressed  by  argent  affairs.  Being  fond  of  society, 
and  of  a  convivial  temper,  though  strictly  sober  in  his  habits,  he 
usaally  relaxed  his  attention  after  dinner,  and  passed  a  chearfal 
evening  in  domestic  enjoyments^  or  mixed  society. 

**  During  the  whole  Administration  of  his  brother,  he  was  net 
only  assiduous  in  fulfilling  the  drudgery  of  his  own  oificial  de^ 
partments,  but  had  a  share  in  directing  every  negotiation,  and 
superintended  the  whole  system  of  foreign  affairs.  Even  after  his 
retirement  from  office,  he  spontaneously  submitted  his  thoughts 
to  the  King  or  Ministry;  and  on  account  of  his  extensive  know-> 
ledge  in  political  aflfairs,  he  was  constantly  consulted,  and  drew 
np  memorials^  abstracts  of  treaties,  and  other  diplomatio  papers^ 
Although  many  of  these  documents  were  destroyed  by  himself^ 
and  others  unavoidably  iost;  yet  those  which  remain  are  so  nn^ 
merons,  as  to  excite  astonishment  at  his  incredible  perseverance. 
Lord  Walpole  also  gave  to  the  public  several  pamphlets**  (which 
are  enumerated  by  Coxe);  "  and 'it  may  truly  be  said^  that  fbw 
treatises  of  importance  issued  from  the  press,  on  the  side  of  th^ 
Ministry  with  whom  he  acted,  which  weA  not  submitted  to  his 
inspection^  or  corrected  and  improved  by  bis  hand. 

"  Daring  the  titce  of  his  embassies,  and  when  almost  the 
whole  affairs  of  Europe  passed  through  his  hands.  Lord  Walpold 
was  no  less  employed  at  home.  He  constantly  spent  the  SumnAer 
and  Autumn  at 'his  post,  and  returned  to  England  just  before  the 
meeling  of  parliament.  He  was  always  consulted  by  his  brother, 
and  often  by  the  Ring,  on  the  current  affairs;  and  took  an  active 
share  in  those  debates  which  related  to  foreign  transactions.  Lord 
Walpole  was  intimately  acquainted  with  the  history  both  of  an*- 
cient  and  modem  times;  and  his  political  knowledge  was  accurate 
and  comprehensive,  being  the  result  of  sagacious  observation, 
improved  by  long  practice  in  momentous  business. 

*'  He  paid  great  attention  to  the  trade  and  manufactures  of  his 
ONintryj  and  particularly  to  those  which  Great  Britain  carried  oo 
with  the  American  colonies;  and  which  the  place  of  Auditor  q£ 
the  Foreign  Plantations  rendered,  according  to  his  own  expression, 
^  No  less  an  object  of  duty,  than  of  information.*  The  treaties 
which  he  published,  and  many  which  he  left  in  manuscript,  p)ove 
his  minute  and  extensive  knowledge  of  those  subjects.  There  is 
scarcely  an  article  of  trade,  commerce',  and  manufacture,  both 
native  and  foreign,  in  which  documents  are  not  found  among  his 
papers,  interspersed  with  occasional  remarks  in  his  own  hand 


eri  PEEftAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

wridog.  These  remarks  shew  great  liberalitj  of  sentimeiit,-  and 
the  most  extensive  views  with  respect  to  the  freedom  of  tnde^ 
the  abolition  of  monopolies*  and  the  prevention  of  smogglingw 
His  aoqaaintance  with  these  subjects  was  so  well  known  and  ap^ 
preciatedy  that*  not  only  during  the  Administration  of  Sir  Robert 
Walpole,  but  even  in  subsequent  periods^  he  was  consulted*  and 
had  the  principal  share  in  preparing  many  acts  of  parliament  re- 
lating to  the  increase  of  trade^  or  Che  improvement  of  manuiac- 
tures* 

'<  From  the  time  of  his  brother's  resigilaUon  till  his  own  deatb> 
he  neither  desired  nor  conrted  any  official  employment.  During 
this  period  he  acted  a  part,  which  every  man  of  moderation  and 
integrity  will  admire  and  imitate.  Instead  of  going  into  petulant 
opposition*  or  publicly  combating  the  mcasurics  of  Government* 
he  thought  it  his  doty  openly  to  support  them^  whenever  they 
deserved  approbation.  When  he  differed  from  the  King  and 
Ministers  in  essential  points*  be  alwsys  privately  delivered  hii 
opiiuon*  either  in  person  or  by  letter.  Whenever  he  was  coq-» 
vinced  that  Government  was  pursuing  weak  or  improper  measures, 
he  gave  his  sentiments  with  respect  and  firmness;  and  was  not 
discouraged  by  observing*  that  his  advice  was  not  acceptable.  Hi^ 
private  correspondence  in  this  publication*  displays  many  instances 
in  which  his  frankness  and  perseverance  offended  the  King  and 
the  Ministers*  and  drew  on  himself  the  imputation  of  officious* 
ness.  Lord  Walpole  understood  and  wrote  French  with  great 
fluency  and  propriety;  and  spoke  it  with  equal  facility*  though 
with  a  foreign  accent.  Cardinal  Fleury*  alluding  to  his  pronun- 
ciation* used  to  say  of  him*  '  II  est  diablement  eloquent  avec  son 
mauvais  Fran9ais.*  His  knowledge  of  classical  literature  was  veiy 
considerable*  and  formed  a  great  fund  of  amusement  during  his 
retirement  in  the  country*  and  in  the  latter  period  of  his  life.  In 
his  letters  to  his  friends*  he  oAen  dwells  with  peculiar  pleasure  ori 
the  writings  of  antiquity*  and  proves  his  knowledge  and  taste*  by 
frequent  and  apposite  quotations.*'^ 

His  Lordship*  on  July  21  st*  172O*  wedded  Mary*  daughter  of 
Peter  Lombard*  Esq.  and  by  her  (who  died  March  9th*  1783)^ 
was  father  of  four  sons*  and  three  daughters;  viz.  Hdratio^  late 
EarlofOrford.  2.  Thomas.  S.Richard.  4.  Robert.  5.  Mary» 
married  on  June  19th*  1/64*  to  Maurice  Suckling,^  of  Haaover** 
aquare*  Esq.    6.  Henrietta-Louisa.    And*  7.  Anne. 

^  Coic^a  Memoirs  of  Lord  Walpols*  p.46r«*468» 
c  Uack  to  Bttl  Ndsoa. 


EARL  OF  ORFORO.  67a 

Thomas,  the  second  too,  was  an  eminent  Merchant  aad  Banker- 
in  London^  and  itt  the  parliament^  convened  in  17^4,  served  for 
the  borough  of  Sudbory^  in  Suffolk^  as  he  did  in  the  next  for  the 
borough  of  Asbbarton,  in  Devonshire;  at  the  general  election  ia 
1768,  be  was  chosen  member  for  the  borough  of  Kill's  Ljnn>'  in 
Norfolk,  and  re-elected  in  177^9  and  1760^  for  tbe  same  place. 
Re  died  in  March  1803.     He  wedded  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir 
Joshua  Van-Neckj  of  Heveningham-hall,  in  Suffolk^  Bart,  and  by 
her  (who  died  on  June  9th,  1 700),  had  two  sons;  Thomas^  bom 
May  23d,  17^6,  late  Envoy  to  the  Court  of  Munich;  married, 
December  5th>  1803^  Lady  Margaret  Perceval,  sifter  to  tbe  £arl 
of  Egmont,  and  Lord  Arden;  and  has-issoe  a  daughter,  born  Oc- 
tober 2d,  180'^,  and  a  son^  born  in  September  1805;  Lambert- 
Theodore,  bom  December  28tb,  1757,  a  Lieut. •Colonel  in  the 
Army,  killed  in  an  action  with  the  rebels  in  Ireland,  in  June 
1798;   married,  April  Uth,  1788,  Margaret,  sister  of  Edward 
Clive,  now  Earl  of  Powis,  by  whom  he  left  issue  two  daughters, 
Frauces-Margaretta,  and  Charlotte- Louisa;  and  two  daughters, 
Catharine-Mary,  born  July  8tb,  IJSO-,  and  Elizabeth,  born  March 
8th,  1759. 

The  third  son,  Richard,  was  also  a  Banker  in  London,  and 
member  of  parliament  for  Yarmouth,  in  Norfolk,  1768,  1774, 
178O;  and  on  November  22d,  1757,  espoused  Maigavet^  third 
daughter  of  Sir  Joshua  Van-Neck,  aforesaid,  and  died  August  8th, 
1798,  having  had  issue  by  her,  L  Richard,  born  June  15th,  1762, 
formerly  a  Banker  in  his  father*»  house,  married,  Jan.uary  23^, 
1792,  Elizabetfa,  second  daughter  of  the  late  Alderman  Sir  Ben* 
jamin  Hammct,  Kot.  2  Robert,  bom  Oaober  14th,  1768,  a 
Merchant  in  London.  3.  Edward,  M.  A.  late  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  born  April  13th,  I776.  4.  Mary-Racbel,  born  July 
iCkh,  1760,  married,  December  30th,  1797>  the  Rev.  Asbton 
Vade,  Vicar  of  Hardingstone,  Northamptonshire,  and  has  issue; 
5.  Caroline,  born  July  23d,  1/65,  married.  May  llth,  1787,  the 
Hon.  and  Rev.  George  Henry  Neville,  brother  to  the  present  Earl 
of  Abergavenny,  and  has  issue. 

Hon.  Robert  Walpole,  fourik  and  youngest  son,  was,  in  July 
1764,  nooMiiated  one  of  the  Clerks  in  ordinary  of  the  Pnvy -coundl ; 
and  in  May  176l>  was  chosen  Recorder  of  Yarmouth,  in  Norfolk^ 
He  was  afterwards  many  years  Envoy  Extraordinary  and  Pleoipo* 
tentiaiy  co  the  Court  of  Portugal,  which  he  quitted  in  May,  180D« 
He  then  retired  on  a  pension,  and  died  in  Dorset  Street,  Man- 
cbesterrsqaaie,  on  April  19th,  1810,  aged  seventy  four.   He.  nopir^. 

vot.  V.  'ax 


0^4  PEBKAGB  OP  KNOLAHD* 


Abij  M,(,  M  LM)oci,  Mi  Mai^  8tli,  1 780;  Dfciiia,  Anc;h<6r  df  Waker 
Grocery  £s<}.  m  Me^doft  6f  thit  dty;  and  b^  hat,  iifcd  <K^ 
/fil)r24<h,  1784>  had  iMue,  J.  Aobert,  \Btt  of  TrioiCj  GoU^V 
(;ambr!dge>  dUtfOgdbhed  fof  bit  IH^iHty  and  tM>«ticia  iakMa. 
2.  GMYgei  a  6adM  In  th<  EaM  India  Cbm^ny*!  aer? ke,  died  id 
Ifidl«i  Atignst  23d,  1607.  H6  mdrfled,  aeeondly,  May  lOtfa,  17S^^ 
So^&iay  tMeM  daughter  of  ftichatd  Stert,  Esq.  alio  a  Metchitit  of 
Chi  ianfie  pla^  and  by  her  had  t^t  aoMs,  Richard,  H<sAry>  W2I* 
Ktftn*  Bdvtrard^  Fraoeii,  Arthur,  John,  and  Horacio. 

Hotaridj  eldest  aon^  laCoMb  Lobd  WiCLPOLii  ^lasr  Earl 
6f  OuibtLt),  rfiheiitw  credtion,  at  th6  general  deciion,  in  1747# 
wth  rttunied  doe  of  the  bovgeis^  for  L^6-tlegis^  in  Norfolk,  itf 
th6  ttofh  parlkRneor  of  Great  Britain;  at  be  was  like^iife  to  tlief 
tiest,  wHieh  mil  6d  May  31tf,  1754. 

Oh  the  death  of  Horace,  the  lait  Eafl  of  Offord^  1797,  he  ftc- 
deluded  io  the  BAtoilT  09  WALfoia,  o#  WAtpoLi,  and  en  April 
1ft,  I806,  yum  created  EaItl  op  Orpord. 

HIel  di«d  Ffeb#u^  24th,  iSOg,  mt.  86. 

Ob  May  12th,  174s,  his  Lordihtp  raarHed  Lady  Radiel  Ca- 
Tendith,  third  and  youngest  daughter  of  William,  third  Duke  oi 
|)etodiihire)  and  by  her  Ladyship,  who  died  May  1805,  had  issue 

1.  Horatio,  pre^mi  Pht. 

2.  Wliliiaiy  who  died  oa  Detedib^r  15th,  1704,  hi  the  dintli 
ytiEtr  of  hia  a^. 

9,  GebTge,  a  General  in  ibt  Artaiy,  borti  June  !20th,  1758,  M.  ?• 
fdr  Derby,  ifgdi  and  for  Ditngartao,  1800.  Ih  1792,  he  obtained 
tlie  rank  of  Uecrtehant-CdooH;  and  17^4,  commanded  the  I3tfa 
Ihragndis.  Ill  I79d,  bb  served  in  Jamaici,  and  took  an  active  part 
in  th^  Maroon  Wir. 

4;  Robfart,  ^ho  died  jroung. 

AM  alio  iWo  Osugbfersi  Gatharme,  bom  Juo«  4th,  1 750;  and 
Miry,  October  23d,  1754;  ttfarried,  AugnM  4th>  1777^  to  Csfyuin 
TUbmaf  HuMy,  Ih^  df  the  Foot-guardft* 

He  was  sticdeed^  by  his  eldest  son, 

Horatio,  second  Eakl  op  OaPOao,  of  M^  nelv  craitHa*,  4iirh* 
WiH  born  Jane  24th,  1752.  He  was  elected  M.  P.  M  Wigan^ 
17iBOs  and  tilt  fhr  King's  Lynn  ftmn  1784^  till  hi^  aecession  id 
the  Peerage.  In  lyed,  iie  was  appointed  Secretary  and  Register 
to  tb«  Ro^i  HospitflA  at  Ghelsea,  whidl  iraeated  his  sent  ier  Wi- 
§mil  but  for  wbidi  he  was  r^Melecied. 

Hii  Lordship  nutrried,  ftst,  ioly  7th,  178I,  8opbii>  danghtdr 
«fehiaFksGh«MtlU^SB4.  I^WHa.iidKhmof  SirtebatWal^ 


I 

pole>  K.  G.  afterwardt  Earl  of  Orford^  by  whom  (who  died  No* 
vember  llth^  'i^797)»  he  had  issue, 

1.  Horatio. 

2.  Williamr  a  Captain  in  the  Royal  NaVjr. 

3.  Frederick^  since  deceased. 

4.  John,  aa  Ensign  in  the  Coldsiream  ntunsnt  of  Foot-goards. 

5.  Sophia^  deceased. 

6.  Charlotte.  • 

7.  Maria. 

8.  Harriet. 

g.  Anne,  deceased. 

10.  Georgiaoa.     11.  SOphla^'Anhe.    Aodj  12.  Catharine. 
He  married,  secondly,  in  July  1806,  the  widow  of  the  Rev.  Ed- 
ward Chamberlayne>  who  died  without  issue.  May  18th,  1807, 

TUlet.  Horatio  Walpole,  Eari  of  Orfbird,  Lord  Walpole,  6f 
Wslpole,  and  Lord  Walpole,  of  Wolterton. 

Creations.  Lord  Walpole,  of  Walpole,  June  lOth;  l^ad|  tidfd 
Walpole,  of  Wolterton,  in  the  county  of  Norfolk,  Jupe  Ist,  1^56, 
2g  George  ll. ;  Earl  of  Offord,  April  1st,  1806. 

Jbmu.  Or,  on  a  fess,  between  two  chevtDH^;  Sable,  three 
citiss-crosslets,  of  the  first. 

Crests,  On  a  wreath,  the  bust  of  a  man  ude-^ced,  couped, 
proper,  dutally  crowned  Or,  with  a  long  cap  on,  taming  forwards. 
Gules,  and  thereon  a  Catbarine-whed,  Or. 

Supporters.  On  the  dexter  side,  an  antelope  Argent,  attired 
proper,  unguled  Or,  and  gorged  with  a  collar,  checked  Or  and 
AsuPB,  with  a  golden  chain  afB^ed  thereto,  passing  through  his 
lore-legs,  and  reflexed  over  his  back;  on  the  sidister,  an  haft. 
Argent,  attired  proper,  unguled  and  gorged  with  like  collar  and 
chain. 

Motto.    Pari  q,va  sentiat. 

Chief  Seat.    Wolterton,  Norfolk. 


FEEBAOE  OF  ENGIAKD. 


GRKY>  EARL  GREV. 

That  Ih'u  tamiiy  of  G»t  h»  been  aoricDt  in  North umberlaml, 
and  fainoai  fm  diven  miiitaiy  eiploitt,  it  evident  froni  loanj 
auUioritiei)  and  that  tbey  firat  allaioed  Uie  Peerage  in  the  rciga 
of  King  Edward  IV.* 

In  King  Edward  the  Second't  time,  THOHtt  d>  Gnmy,  being 
GorerooT"  nf  the  caiUo  of  Couper  and  Fife,  in  Scotland,  camo' 
into  that  realm  ibordy  after  hit  coroaation.  And  with  xsri  men 
broke'  through  tbote  forces,  which  Gualter  de  Buckertoo  had  laid 
to  entrap  him. 

Other  particulan,  oo  le»  memorable,  were  iheae;  viz.  that  at 
the  liege*  of  Sliyvelin,  upoD  the  reicue  of  Henrj,  Lord.Bcw- 
moot,  of  whose  retinue  he  then  wat,  he  received  a  dangerooc 
wound  nnder  bit  tfta.*  Likewiie,  that  he  was  sfierwards  taken 
luiioner'byThoawiRaDddpb,  Earl  of  Murray;  and  Governor  of 
Norham,!  where  be.  wai  twice  besieged  b/  the  Scott;  once  for 
near  tix  monlbi,''  the  other  for  full  leven.'    likewiie,  that  he 

>  IcUotHcnable,  tbittbcCnj'iorScoilMid  mitt  ^'  (imr  armor il  hf«Hap 
witli  thtae  Cnjt  of  tha  Noitfa  of  Englaw),  whicli  mir  be  lecn  io  tbtir  chunKn, 
tomUconcf ,  and  other  QwaumcDU  at  tau^u'itj  i  aod  Douglai,  in  hli  ftrrtgt  tf 
Btdaai,  ohKiTMi  that  «  ai  Noithuiiiberland  fonDcrlT  Iclaofcd  to  Scoclaml,  it 
b  the  iVDcnd  opinioti,  ifaat  Lord  Grej,  of  Cliillia)baD,  of  diht  couotj  [wbote 
pfcdeccaHT  cane  o>ct  with  the  Caaq«tior),  (arc  the  laadi  of  Browfirld  or  Btoa- 
DUMih,  in  dc  GOuaCjF  of  Roxbartb,  adjeinini  lo  ii,  to  a  joiinpr  (on  of  hit  la- 
mil]',  of  whom  lU  ibc  Graft  in  StMliiid  an  (aid  to  b*  dtvccnded.  Sir  Hugh  rie 
Graf,  1  man  of  coniidcrablc  rank  and  figure  In  tbc  rei|a  of  Kiog  AJnudcr  II. 
Iil4,wai  then  proprietar  of  the  landt  of  Broinovlfc.  Hla  deMifldaa^  Sir  Aa- 
drewGiajr,  waaiuiDnaMd  ai  \lenirf ftrtitmnt,  in  i^if. 

k  Ul.  Cot.  t.  71}.  <  Ibid.  *  Ibid.  •  Ib'd.  779. 

'  Ibid.  7U.  I  Mi,  7IS.  k  Ibid.  rya.       ■      1  Ibid.  Sij. 


EARL  GREY.  ^j 

slew^  one  Crymes^  a  Scotiah  Admiral^  who  bad  been  a  great  rob- 
ber at  sea. 

Moreover,  that  in  19  Edward  III.  he  had  a  charter  of  free 
warren  ^  throughout  all  bis  lordships  of  Fenton^  Nosbytte,  Dodin* 
too,  North-Middleton,  South- Middleton,  Howyke,  Eworth,  Hed- 
don»  and  Haakill^  in  that  county ;  and  that  be  routed  the  Earls 
of  March"*  and  Sutherland^  upon  their  invasion  of  the  Norths 
whilst  King  Edward  III.  was  at  the  siege  of  Tournay.  -> 

Another  Thomas  there  was,  who,  in  2  Henry  V.  being  in  that 
conspiracy"  with  Henry,  Lord  Scrope,  on  the  behalf  of  the  French, 
aufered  death  for  the  same.*' 

Sir  JoHW  Grby,  of  Berwick,  co.  Northumb,  Knt,  living  1372, 
was  father  of 

Sir  Thomas  Grey,  of  Berwick  and  Chillingham.  co,  Northumb. 
who  dying  1402,  left  issue  by  Jane,  daughter  of  John  Mowbray, 
Duke  of  Norfolk, 

1.  Sir  John. 

2.  Sir  Thomas  Gray,  i>f  Warit,  of  whom  hereafter,  as  ancestor 
to  the  present  Peer, 

3.  William  Grey,  Dean  of  York,  and  Bishop  of  London,  1426  j 
translateci  to  Lincoln  in  1431. 

4.  Sir  Henry  Grey,  of  Ketteringhamj  co.  Norf.  married  Emma, 
daughter  of  William  Appleyard,  and  was  father  of  Sir  Henry 
Grey,  Knt.  and  of  Eleanor,  wife  of  Harrington. 

5.  Madlda,  wife  of  Sir  Robert  Ogle,  Knt.P 

Sir  John  Grey,  of  Heaton,  co.  Northumb.  Knt.  eldest  son, 
styled  Earl  of  Tankerville,  in  Normat^dy, 

k.Ul.  Coll.  I.  789.  '  Cart.  i9Edwtrdn[.  n.  i6. 

»  Lei.  Colt.  I.  803. 
"  Ypod.  Neuatr.  de  eocl.  ano.  p.  193.  n.  10.    Lei.  Coll.  I. -701. 
^  See  Jobnes*!  Momtrelet,  II.  70. 
F  This  Sir  Robert  Ogle  died  15  Henry  VI*   leaving  Robert,   pirst  Lord 
^OLK,  his  heir,  who,  by  Isabel,  daughter  and  heir  of  Alexander  de  Kirlcby,  left 
OwM,  his  son,  sbcono  Lokd  Ogle;  who,  by  Eleanor,  daughter  of  Sir  William 
Hilton,  left  Ralph,  his  ion,  Third  Lord  Oglij  who,  by  Margaret,  daughter  of 
Sir  William  Gascoigne,  left  iUlphy  fourth  Lord  Oolrj  who,  by  Anne,  davgh* 
ter  of  Thomas,  son  and  heir  of  George,  Lord  Lwroley,  left  Robert,  rirTH  Lord 
OotB ;  who  married,  first,  Dprothy,  daughter  of  Henry  Widdrington,  by  whom 
lie  had  Robert;  and,  secondly,  Jane,  daughter  of  Sir  Cuthbert  Radcliffe,  of  Car* 
tifigton.  by  whom  be  had  Cathbert.    Robert  succeeded  at  sixth  Lord  Oglb 
and  dying  4  £li«.  S.P.  was  swcccded  by  his.  half-brother,  Cathbert,  sbtrnth 
I«oiiD  OoLB,  who  dyipg  39  Elis,  left  by  Catherine,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir 
Reginald  Camaby,  Catherine,  his  coheir,  wife  of  Sir  Charles  Cavendish,  mother 
by  lum,  of  William  Cavendifh,  Duke  of  Newcastle. 


078  PEERAGE  OF  EN<?LAND. 

This  Sir  John  Groy^  being  «  raao  of  great  action  in  bif  time, 
vas^  io  2  Heniy  V.  with  that  King  at  bis  siege  of  Caeo,  io  Nor* 
tnandy;  and  in  4  Henry  V.  retained  by  indentore/  to  serve  him 
in  his  wars  of  France,  with  forty  men  at  anos,  whereof  hiooself 
and  one  other  Knight  to  be  part  of  the  nnmber;  the  rest  Esqaiiest 
and  cxx  archers^  having  for  himself  and  the  other  Knighi»  4s«  per 
diemi  and  for  the  Esquires^  19d.;  being  then  styled  Sir  John 
Grey,  of  Hetan,  Knight.  And  behaved  himself  so  valiantly  io 
that  service,  that  as  a  reward  for  the  same,  he  bad  the  next  en- 
sqing  year,  a  grant  from  the  King  of  tiie  castle  and  lordship  of 
Ulye,  in  Normandy,  to  hold  to  himself  and  the  heirs  male  of  hi^ 
body;  which  castle  and  lordship  dad  belong  to  Sir  Philip  Har- 
coort,  Knt.  then  an  adherent  to  the  King's  enemies.  Moreover, 
in  5  Henry  V.  upon  the  taking  of  Sir  John  Oldoastle,  the  chief 
of  the  Lollards,  who  was  found  in  Powislandi  be  wai  sent  with  a 
jguard  to  fetch  him  up  to  the  parliament. 

In  6  Henry  V.  he  was  Captain  of  Maunt;  and  ip  furtlier  oon- 
alderation  of  his  services,  had  a  grants  bearing  *date  at  Rouen,  31 
January,  of  the  Earldam  of  Tankervile,  in  Normaniy,  with  aU 
^e  appurtenances,  as  well  those  whipb  William  de  Mdbun,  late 
Earl  of  Tankerville,  as  James  de  Harecourt,  bad  with  Margaret 
bis  wife,  daughter  of  that  Earl,  in  marr^ge,  exoepting  the  land 
and  barony  of  Warengebec^  in  Costentin  \  to  hold  to  him,  tbe  said 
John,  and  the  heir9  male  of  bis  body,  by  homage,  and  tbe  deliver* 
ing  of  a  basinet  (or  helmet),  at  tbe  cattle  of  Bouen^  on  tbe  ftast 
day  of  St.  Georgr,  yearly. 

In  7  Henry  V.  he  was^  again  in  the  wars  of  France;  and  the 
same  year  made  Governor"  of  Harfleur.  And  in  8  Henry  V.  in 
further  mcompepse  for  hia'  many  and  great  services,  had  a  grants 
of  the  lands  and  lordships  of  Chantelau,  Crienccs,  and  Dappily, 
with  their  appurtenances,  lying  in  the  Duchy  of  Normandy; 
which  were  part  of  the  possessions  of  Sir  John  Harpedcn,  Knight, 
whereof  he  had  been  dispossessed  by  the  King*s  enemirs,  and  rev- 
covered  by  the  valour  of  this  John.  Which  grant  M-as  likeai^ise 
to  biro,  and  the  heirs  male  of  his  body. 

In  diis  year  be  was  also  made  Governor  of  the  castle  ti 


4  Vpod.  Nenttr.  in  eod.  ann.  p.  20a.  ^ 

'  Ex  ipso  aiitog.  penes  Cler.  Piell. 

•  Rot.  Norai.  6  Henry  V.  p.  %.  m,  41.  n.  78. 

•  Rot.  VaJcon.  7  Henry  V.  no.  t.' 

*  Rot.  Norm.  7  Henry  V.  p.  2.  m*  20. 

*  Pat.  Nor.  6  Henry  V.  p.  a.  m.  17.  7  Ibid. 


.^ 


i9gamF>*  i^  fiTmniMoi^a  moA  9  H^pvy  V.  being  again  ^  in  tfaf 
iFan  of  F.wce«  ii^tth  Tboma^^^  Duke  of  Cltience^  ^smng^  a 
liv^r  ^4  in,a;isb  ntnc  the  caAtle  of  fieau&rt,  in  «ofna  diAorder,  bad 
the  bard  htfi  ^  {together  M^itb  Aat  Duke,  aad  divers  icither  gallaot 
S^glisbcoep)^  to  Jbte  d^iii.     He  was  then  a  Knight  of  the 

Ga*?ter. 

He  married  Joan,  d^ghter  nad  coheir  to  Sir  Edward  Chajil^ 
^ov,  Lo|u>  Pow|s^<^  by£]e^nor,  $i4ler  and  (Sobeir  ^  .of  Jgdmund 
lioHaod,  ^ar)  of  l^ot.    He  left  tsffue  by  ber, 

HsifBT  Grey^  S€f(m4  ^'rl  of  TankerpiUe,  in  Normandy. 

7bi^  Heqry,  ^l  qf  T^mkerpille,  was  but  yoong  at  bis  Utbefp- 
death,  and  was  made  a  Knight^  by  Jobo,  Duke  of  Bedford^  oo 
Wbttsuod^y,  4  Hcary  VI.  the  King  ^iQi^  tbeo  jeeei^iiig  that 
honour  at  ^^oes^r;  yet  bad  not  llvjery^  of  bis  lands  tjU  TO 
Henry  VI.  He  was  styled  Jl^ominus  de  P<w^s^  but  it  does  not 
leem  ascertained^  that  be  wss  ever  sufnnooped  .to  padiament  bf 
that  title,  ^k  death  bappened  s  mpon  the  /east  day  of  St.  Hilaiy, 
29  H^ry  VI.  be  beii^  then  seises  >af  the  manor  of  Kerseyie^ 
a^d  the  third  part  of  the  n^aopr  of  {^ham,^  in  Suffolk  j  as  also  of 
ihe  nianor  of  Pontesbury,  go.  Salop;  and  of  the  castle  and  manor 
pi  ?o6\p,  the  manor  of  Mathraral,  with  the  .coromots  ^  .of  Kexeygr 
non,  Magbeo,  Ugbolt,  Iscoyd>  .and  Magheoant,  in  the  maoches 
of  Wales.  He  left  issue  by  Antigona,  daughter  of  Humphry^ 
puke  of  Qloucoster  X^o^rtb  son  of  King  Henry  IV.)  ^wo  sons, 
an^  a. daughter;  viz. 

1.  Richard. 

2.  Hiunpbrey* 

9*  £li^be^>wifeofS&rItqgerKinastQn»' itfHq^dle|r,x90.SdGp, 

s  Pat.  Nor.  8  Henry  V.  p.  2.  m,  lo. 

*  Rot.  Franc.  9  Uenfy  V*  n.  16. 

^  Tb.  WaJs.  in  cod.  annoy  p.  454.  n.  ao. 

«  Son  of  Sir  Juhn  Charlecon,  LordPowis,  who  died  4a  Edward  Hf.  soo  of  Sir 

John  Cbarlecon^  lunxnipned  tp  jyirl^OKnc  at  Loni  Powity  7£dwaid  II.  and  wha 

idjcd  27  ^yr$jn\  III.  1353. 

d  Joyce,  the  other  coheir,  married  John,  Lord  Jiptoft,  yrhojii^  is4V^>  Jofifl, 
created  Earl  of  Worcester,  who  was  attainted  of  treason,  10  Edward  ly.  1470^ 
^  three  daughters ;  Ph'iltppa,  wife  of  Thoma»«  Lord  Roos,  of  Hamlake;  Joane^ 
jnafried  to  Sir  ^siund^i^lethorpe,  KnL;  and  Joyce,  toEdmmid,  son  and  heir 
to  John,  Lord  Padjey.  J,obn,  JEail  of  Worcester,  left  a  ^n,  Edward,  who  was 
restored  in  blood,  but  died  yvichajit  iss«e,  i^ch  Augoit,  3  Rkhasd  III*  en  which 
his  three  aants  becaioe  hjsJ^eirt. 

•■  Lei,  CoU.  I.  70^.  f  Clans.  30  Henry  VL  m.  ij  1^  i6» 

S  Esc.  09  Henry  yj.  n.  30^  60^.  ^  Ibid. 

i  Fourth  son  of  Qriffio  Ky^nfistoa,  of  S«t<^s,  co.  Sibp,  Es^. 


090  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Knt.'  father  by  her  of  Harophry  K3matton^  fitber  of-  Edward* 
fether  of  Roger,  father  of  Edward,  father  c^  Roger,  father  of 
Edward,  father  of  }obu  Kynaston,  Esq  of  Hordlejr,  co  Salop, 
who  claimed  lAeBAEONT  of  Powis,  in  right  of  tbii  dcaoeot, 
1732,  which  was  counter-claimed  hy  Sir  Nathaniel  Curzon,  Bart, 
father  of  the  late  Lord  Scarsdale,  in  right  of  a  descent  presently 
mentioned.  By  the  death  of  Mr.  Kynaston,  no  resolution  was 
come  to.  In  ISOOT,  John  Kynaston,  Esq.  M.  P.  for  Shropshire, 
grandson  of  the  former  claimant,  again  renewed  the  claim ;  but 
in  its  progress,  it  being  resolved  that  notice  should  be  given  to 
the  heirs  of  John,  Earl  of  Worcester,  as  interested,  the  claim  has 
not  sinoe  been  proceeded  on> 

Rich  ABO,  eldest  son,  Lord  Powis,  aged  fourteen  at  his  father's 
death,  sat  in  parliamrnt  by  that  title  in  the  seat  of  his  ancestors, 
the  Charletons,  33  Henry  VI.  Afterwards  adhering  te  the  House 
of  York,  he  became,  with  divers  others,  attainted*  in  the  parlia- 
ment held  at  Coventry,  38  Henry  VL  and  was  with  *  the  Earls 
of  Warwick  and  Kent,  at  the  siege  of  Alnwick  castle,  in  com. 
Northumb.  (then  held  out  by  the  Lancastrians),  in  2  Edward  IV. 
He  died  on  Thursday  next  preceding  the  feast  of  St.  Thomas  the 
Apostle,  6  Edward  IV.  1466,  having  married  Margaret,  the 
daughter  of  James,  Lord  Andley,  by  whom  he  lefl  issue, 

JoUb,  his  son  and  heir. 

Also,  as  it  is  contended^  a  daughter,  Elizabeth,™  wife  of  John 
Ludlow,  who  is  said  to  have  left  issue  by  her  two  daughters,  his 
coheirs  J  Anne,  wife  of  Thomas  Vernon,  and  Alice,  wife  of 
Humphry  Vernon,  his  brother ^  from  which  Thomas  Vernon,  is 
descended  the  present  Lord  Scarsdalcf  and  from  which  Humphry 
Vernon,  of  Hodnet,  is  descended  the  present  Richard  Heber,  of 
Hodnet,  Esq.  well  known  in  the  literary  world.  (See  article* 
Veknon,  in  Vol.  VII.  and  CuoLMONDaLBY,  in  Vol.  IV.) 

The  estates"  of  which  he  died  seised,  were,  the  manor  of  Wis- 
tenden,"  co.  Rutl.j  Ktrelye,  and  Leyham,  co.  Suff.;"  of  the 
moiety  of  the  castle  of  Poole,  and  the  manors  of  Mathravall,  Em- 
hall^  of  the  town  of  Llan welling  3  of  the  manor  of  Place-Dynas, 
ip  the  marches  of  Wales>  of  the  manor  of  Poniesbuiy,  co.  Salop; 

k  Cruise  on  Dignities,  17^.  I  Stow'i  Annals, 

w  Mf.  Kynaston  denies  thii  daughter,  or  her  mirriage  j  an<l  brings  an  ancient 
depoaitMn  to  shew,  that  Richanl,  Lord  Powit*i  wife,  had  two  daughters  by  a  fir^ 
mtr  huiand,  named  Fayi^kan.  There  is  evidence  both  ways.  It  is  not  for  the 
present  Editor  to  give  an  oi>inion  on  the  matter*  See  the  Case  at  large  (a  very 
(Orious  one),  in  Ctliim't  Barm'm  m  Fee.    See  also  Crmti  on  VigmtUs,  I ;  i ,  1 75, 

n  Ek.  6  Edward  IV.  n.  35. 


EARL  GREY.  681 

And  jointly,**  with  (he.said  Margaret  bis  wife,  of  the  moiety  of  the 
manor  of  Alton,  co.  Southt.j  and  of  the  manors  of  Helset,  Dou- 
neny,  Therygnin,  Htllond,  and  the  third  part  of  the  manor  of 
Kalerion,  in  Cornwall.  Also  LyilP  messuage,  XVII  bovacesof 
land,  CCC  acres  of  pasture,  XLVII  acres  of  meadow,  C  acres  of 
Turbary,  and  C  acres  of  heath  and  furze,  iti  Cotyngbam^  and 
Hesyll,  CO.  York.  John,  his  son  and  beir^  being  tlien  six  years 
of  age.*J 

John,  his  son,  second  Lord  Powis  of  the  name,  obtained 
livery*'  of  his  lands,  without  proof  of  his  age,  in  20  £dw.  IV.  In 
8  Henry  VII.  he  was*  with  the  Earl  of  Oxford,  at  sacking  the 
town  of  Ardres,  in  Picardy.  And  from  22  Edward  IV.  had  sum- 
mons^ to  parliament  till  his  death,  which  happened  10  Henry  VII. 
1494.  He  married  Anna,  daughter  of  William  Herbert,  Earl  of 
Pembroke,  by  whom  be  left  issuci 

John,  son  and  heir^  thikd  Lokd  Powis  of  the  name,  who 
died  19  Henry  VII.  1504,  aged  nineteen,  leaving 

Edward^  son  and  heir,  vourth  and  last  Lord  Powis  of  the 
name,  aged  one  year  at  his  death,  who  received  summons  to  par* 
Hament  during  his  whole  life.  In  15  Henry  VIII.  he  accompa 
pied"  the  Duke  of  Suffolk,  In  that  expedition  then  made  into 
France*,  and  was  at  the  taking  of  firay,  and  other  places^  thea 
won  from  the  French. 

In  36  Henry  VIII.  being  again  ready  to  march  in  the  King's 
service  of  war,  he  made  his  testament,  11th  June,  whereby  he 
settled  the  succession  of  the  whole  barony  and  lordship  oi  Powys^ 
with  his  castle  and  manor  of  Poole,  and  divers  other  lordships  in 
the  county  of  Montgomery;  as  also  his  castles  and  manors  of 
Charleton,  and  the  manor  of  Pontesbury,  upon  Jane  Orwell,  daugh- 
ter  of  Sir  Lewis  Orwell,  Knt.  and  her  assigns,  during  her  natural 
life.  And  in  case  he  should  die  without  any  issue  of  his  own  body 
lawfully  begotten,  that  then  Edward  Grey,  his  illegitimate  son  by 
the  said  Jane  Orwell,  should  have  and  enjoy  his  said  barony  and 
manor  of  Powys;  his  castle  and  manor  of  Poole;  and  all  other  his 
lordships  in  the  county  of  Montgomery;  and  the  reversion  and 
inheritance  of  the  castle  and  manors  of  Charleton  and  Pontesbury, 
to  him  and  the  heirs  of  his  body  lawfully  begotten;  and  for  lack 
.  of  stich  issue,  to  remain  to  that  child,  in  case  it  should  be  a  son, 

«  Esc.  6  Edward  IV.  n.  35.  P  Lib.  ccdul.  Rotel.  p.  784. 

4  Esc  uc  supr.  '  Pat.  20  Edward  IV.  p.  2.  m.  12. 

'  Stow*s  Ann.  <  Clans,  de  cisd.  ann.  in  dors  3. 

u  Stow's  Annali. 


003  PEEHAGS  OP 

vhisrewitb  tbe  vtme  Jaoe  Qrwdl  was  tben  grc^t  bj  kta^  and  to 
the  ^rs  male  of  his  body  lawfully  begotten;  bpt  if  it  should  oot 
be  9  SOD,  or  if  a  son,  die  without  issoe^  then  that  tbe  whole  bar/onj 
pf  Powis,  aad  all  the  premises  before^mentioned,  should  jconoe  to 
Jane  Qrey,  his  daughter^  and  iq  the  heirs  of  hf  r  body  JaiviiaUjr 
begotten;  and  for  Isck  of  sach  issue,  to  Anne  Qrcy,  his  «ther 
^ugbter,  and  the  heirs  of  h^r  body  lawfully  begotten;  ^nd,  for 
de&ult  of  such  issue,  to  such  wonaan  child  as  should  be  born  of 
the  body  of  the  said  Jane  Orwell.* 

This  Edward,  Lord  Grey»  died  without  lawful  issue,  6  £d* 
ward  VI.  ^5^1,  having  married y  Anne,  da^bteratid  coheir'  of 
Charles  Brandon,  Duke  of  Suffolk ;  for  so  by  her  testament  *■  sh« 
calls  herself;  but  by  her  had  no  issue.  Which  Anne  spry^viog 
bina»  became  the  wife  of  Randle  Hauworth,  E£q.  and  by  her  s«4 
testament,  bearing  date  29tb  October^  1557,  3  and  4  Philip  and 
Mary,  bequeathed  her  body  to  be  buried  in  the  cathedral  church 
of  St.  Paul,  in  the  city  of  London,  upon  the  right  hand,  before 
the  4tep$,  going  up  to  the  altar;  or  else  i^  the  AJbby  of  West« 
minster.^ 

Thus  ended  the  male  Une  of  this  branch.^ 

We  now  return  to  Sir  Thomas  Grey,  of  Heioa  and  Wmm^lm, 
ypiHjger  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Grey^  of  Cbiilingham',  by  Jane,  daughr 
ter  of  John  Moubrayi  Duke  of  Norfolk;  and  yoosger  brother  of 
John,  Jirs4  Earl  of  Tankerville,  in  Normandy,  who  died  1421. 

This  Sir  Thomas  Grby  married  Alice,  daughter  of  9aJpl> 
Neville,  Earl  of  Westmoreland,  and  by  her  (who  remarried  Sir 
Gilbert  Lancaster,  Knt.),  had  issue, 

1.  Thomas  Grey,  died  without  issue,  and  was  4^aric4  at 
Warke. 

2.  Sir  John  Grey,  married  Constance,  daughter  of  -^— >  Hol« 
bnd»  Earl  of  Huntingdon,  and  relict  of  Thomas  Moubr»y,  Earl 
Marshal;  but  died  without  issue,  and  was  buried  a^  Warke. 

<  Buck,  ^.  i7«  7  Noodes,  qu.  9. 

>  She  wai  by  hit  first  wife,  Aone,  daughter  of  Sir  Aothooy  Browne )  bom,  as 
fome  say*  %^«  invrUge. 

a  Noodes,  fu.  ^.  ^  Dua^.  Btr.  II.  )84. 

c  Edward  Qrey,  the  Ba8ta]:dy  enjoyed  the  estates }  but  he  tbooghtitiV  his 
security  to  come  to  an  agreement  with  Mr.  Kynaiton,  and  thereupon,  bjr  d^^l 
dated  10  Eliz.  15^89  as  soon  as  he  came  of  age,  conreyed  to  Edward  Kynastoo» 
the  manors  of  Placydynas  and  Trewam,  co.  Montgom.  (of  500/.  per  ano.  vaiue)^ 
in  consideration  of  the  said  Mr.  K  joaston*s  assigning  orer  to  tbe  Bastardy  all  bis 
right  as  heir  at  Uw  to  the  said  Edward,  L^rd  Gxey^  to  hit  other  .estates.  JEfM»- 
lM*j  Case,  in  CoUim  m  SarMua,  400* 


£ABL  6RKY.  m 

3.  Sir  R9lpb»  of  whom  presently/, 

4,  William  Gtcy,  Bishop  of  Ely,  ArcbdeacoQ  of  NortbaxQptoB^ 
and  Lord  Treasurer  of  England,  1445. 

Margaret,  wife  of  Gerard  Widdrington^  Elizabeib,  wife  of  So** 
ger  Widdriogton  -,  and  Jane,  wife  of  Sir  John  Salvipe,  Knt. 

Sir  Ralph  Grey,  third  9on,  was  at  length  heir.  He  died  in 
France,<^  J  443,  21  Henry  IV.  He  married  Elizabeth,  daughter 
to  Henry,  Lord  Fitzbugh  (who  ro-married  to  Simao  MoDtfort.) 
By  her  he  had  issue, 

1.  Sir  Ralph. 

2.  Sir  Thomas,  who  married  Alice,  daughter  of  Edward  Neyile^ 
Lord  Abergavenny. 

3.  Henry  Grey,  of  Kilay,  09.  Nortbumb. 

4.  Robert  Grey. 

Sir  Ralph,  K.  B.  eldest  son,  seenis  to  be  the  person  wbooy 
Dugdale'  mentions,  as  baviog  been  knighted  at  I^icester,^  upon 
Whitsunday,  in  4  Henry  VI.  by  John,  Duke  pf  Bedford,  the 
King  himself  then  receivipgs  that  honour  from  the  9ame  band. 
This  was  that  Sir  Ralph  who  soon  after  raised?  the  siege  which 
the  King  of  Scots  had  laid  to  Roxburgh.'  Sir  Ralph,  by  (sabel, 
daughter  of  ■    ,  bad  issue, 

1 .  Henry,  son  and  heir. 

2.  Sir  Edward. 

3.  I'homas  Grey,  who  was  aged  forty  in  14^,  and  left  issut 
by  Margaret,  daughter  of  Ralph,  Lord  Greystock,  Elizabeth  pud 
Anne. 

Sir  EowAKD,  second  son,  became  heir,  and  succeeded  ai  Ckil" 
Bngkam  and  Warke,    By  Anne,  daughter  of  ■     Gower,  of 

Stansby,  co.  Yorkj  be  left  issue,  a  younger  son,  I'homas,  whp 
died  S.  P.  and 

Sir  Ralph  ^  Grey,  of  Chillingham,  son  and  heir,  who  married 
Isabel,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  Thomas  Grey,  of  Horion,  co. 
Northumb.  by  Dame  Dorothy  Ogle.  By  ber  he  had  six  «ons,  an^ 
three  daughters ;  viz. 

*  Inqiiis*  e  I>u?d.  Bar.  II.  449. 

f  Ui.  ColL  I.  705.  I  Ibid.  Ji  Ibid. 

I  Thtre  wai  o«e  of  this  faapily,  •  smn  of  great  note  in  the  time  of  King  Ed- 
ward IV.  who  being  charged  by  a  -Genderxuui  of  ScocUud,  of  adultery  with  the 
Queen  of  Scots,  came  with  a  band  of  1000  meo  to  Edinburgti,  and  there  cait 
down  his  glove,  to  encounter  in  the  lists  with  his  accuser:  but  departed  without 
fighting.    Z«/. //m.  378.    J)^g.M0r,  utft^r, 

^  He,  or  his  son,  Sir  Ralph,  was  oiftde  Warden  of  the  West  Marches  towards 
'Scotland,  6  Eiward  VI. 


064  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

1.  Sir  Thomas  Grtj,  of  ChiUingkam,  living  in  15J5,  who 
lied  Catherine,  daughter  of  Cbjarles  Neville,  last  Earl  of  West- 
moreland; bat  died  S.  P. 

2.  Sir  Ralph,  presently  mentioned. 

3.  Rir  Roger,  of  Ulcester,  oo.  Nortbumb.  who  died  S.  P. 

4.  Sir  Edward,  of  Hawick,  co.  Northantb.  heret^er  mtntumei 
a$  ancestor  io  the  present  Earl  Grey, 

5.  Sir  Arthur  Grey,  of  Spindlcston,  co.  Nortbumb.  who  mar* 
ried  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Bertram  Bulmer,  of  Turresdale,  oo. 
Darh.  Knt.  by  whom  he  left  two  daughters,  his  coheirs:  1.        >■ 

wife  of Westwood,  of  Westwood,  co.  Nortbumb.   2.  Isabel, 

wife  of  Sir  William  Feuwick,  of  Meldeo,  co.  Nortbumb. 

6.  Sir  Henry  Grey,  of  Morpeth  Abbey,  co.  Nortbumb.  who 
married  Mary»  daughter  of  Sir  John  Widdrington,  of  Wtddring* 
ton;  by  whom  he  had,  1.  Thomas.  2.  Edward.  3.  Robert.  4« 
Isabel,  wife  of  Robert  Pemeston.  5.  Mary,  wife  of  Toby  Ewbank. 

7*  Dorothy,  wife  of  Sir  Robert  Oelaval,  of  Seaton  Delaval,  co. 
Nortbumb.  ancestor  to  the  late  Lord  Delaval. 

6.  Anne,  wife  of  Thomas  Collingwood,  of  Elsington. 

9.  Isabel,  wife  of  Francis  Radclifi;  of  Dilston,  Esq. 

Sir  Ralph  Grey,  of  Chillingham,  second  son,  was  heir  to  hia 
brother;  and  was  living  in  l6l5.  He  married,  Jirst,  Anne, 
daughter  of  William  Ardingtoo,  of  Ardington,  Esq.  by  whom  he 
had  three  sons;  viz. 

1.  Sir  William. 

2.  Ralph.    3.  John. 

And  seven  daughters,  Isabel,  wife  of  Anthony  Catherick,  of 
Catherick.  Catherine  wife  of  Matthew  Forster,  of  Eitherston. 
Jane,  wife  of  Ferdinando  Huddlestone,  of  Milium  Castle,  co. 
Cumb.  Margaret,  wife  of  Edward  Rodham,  of  Little  Houghton. 
Mary,  Dorothy,  and  Elizabeth. 

Sir  William  Grey,  of  ChUlingham  and  Worked  eldest  son, 
FIRST  Lord  Grbt  op  Warkb,  was  advanced  to  the  degree  of  a 
Baronet,  June  15th,  1619$  and  afterwards,  on  Feb.  11th,  1623 
(21  James  I.)  was  raised  to  the  Peerage,  by  the  title  of  Lord 
Grbt,  op  Warkb.  He  married  Cecily,  daughter  and  coheir  of 
Sir  John  Wentwortb,  of  Gosfield,  co.  Essex,  Bart,  which  Lady 
died  in  London,  January  20th,  1667, 

He  died  July  291  b,  1674,  and  was  buried  at  Epping,  in  Eatexi 

^  Pennant  mentions,  in  one  of  his  Toaxt,  the  enoraont  rise  in  the  value  of  the 
fFarh  estates  I  on  the  union  of  the  Crowns  of  England  and  Scotland  5  by  whicli 
event  the  devastation  of  border  warAre  was  nearly  ended. 


EARL  GREY.  08L5 

baYiog  bad  by  the  laid  Cicely,  two  sons,  and  two  daagbtersi 

▼iz. 

1.  Thomas  Grey,  son  aod  heir^  who  died  S.P.  in  his  father's 

lifetime,  167O. 

2.  Ralph,  second  Lord  Grey. 

3.  Katberioe,  first  married  to  Sir  Edward  Moaeley,  Bart,  and 
afterwards  to  Charles,  Lord  North,  who  thercopon  was  sum- 
mpued  to  parliament  during  his  father's  life,  as  Lobd^  Gbbt,  of 
RolUston, 

4.  Elizabeth. 

Ralph,  second  but  only  surviving  son,  succeeded  as  tBCovD 
LoBD  Gret,  of  Warkb;  but  died  at  Hartington,  in  Sussex, 
June  15th,  1675,  having  married  Catherine,  daughter  of  Sir  Ed* 
ward  Ford,  of  Hartington  aforesaid,  Knt.  by  whom  he  had  three 
sons,  and  one  daughter. 

1 .  Ford,  iJurd  Peer. 

2.  Ralph,  who  succeeded  his  brothgr. 

3.  Charles,  who  died  before  his  brother,  Ralph,  without  issui 
male  (probably  unmarried.) 

4.  Katherine,  who  married  Richard  Nevile,  Esq.  of  Billingbere, 
CO.  Berks,  who  was  born  there  October  12th,  l655,  and  died  in 
September  1/14;  having  had  issue  by  her,  1.  Grey  Neville,  who 
married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Boteler,  of  Herls,  but 
died  S.P.  2.  Henry  Neville,  born  August  17th,  1683,  who  took 
the  surname  of  Grey  only,  by  act  of  parliament,  pursuant  to  the 
will  of  his  uncle,  Ralph,  Lord  Grey;  but  died  1740,  S.P.  and 
was  buried  at  St.  Laurence,  Walt  bam,  having  married  Elizabeth 
Griffin,  eldest  sister  and  coheir  to  her  brother,  Edward,  last  Lord 
Griffin,  of  Braybrooke;  she  surviving  him,  remarried  John  Wal- 
lop.  Earl  of  Portsmouth,  and  died  1762.  3.  Katherine,  wife  of 
Richard  Aldworth,  of  Stanlake,  co.  Berks,  Esq.  sbe  died  in  J 720, 
and  was  buried  at  Ruscomb,  Berks,  leaving  issue  by  him,  who 
died  in  May  1738,  Richard  Neville  Aldworth,  Esq.  of  Stanlake 
aforesaid,  only  son,  who  was  born  September  3d,  1717»  took  the 
surname  and  arras  of  Neville,  and  died  February  17tb,  1793,  and 
was  buried  at  Ruscomb,  leaving  issue  by  Magdalen  Callendrini, 
who  died  17^^  aged  thirty-two,  Richard  Aldworth  Neville,  born 
1750,  who  succeeded  to  the  Barony  of  Braytrooke,  1798*  CSeM 
Fol.  FIJI,  title  Braytrooke  J 

FoBD,  eldest  son,  succeeded  his  father  as  thibd  Lobd  Gbbt, 
OF  Wabke,  and  was  Eabl  op  Tankbbville  by  creation.  In 
l682,  he  was  tried  in  R.  B.  for  seducing  and  ruining  Lady  Har- 


0M  PEERAGE  Ot  ENGLAND. 

ii«t  Berkel^,  his  wife't  sister^  and  fodnd  gpUhji  bnt  the  matter 
was  oompromtsed.  In  1683,  be  fled  to  Holland,  on  detection  of 
the  Rje^house  Plot.  In  ldlB5^  he  retomed  with  the  Duke  €x£ 
Monmoath;  and  behaved  in  the  disgraocfol  matter  at  the  battle 
of  Sedgmoor,  which  is  related  in  most  of  oor  histories.  His  con- 
duct has  been  general! j  attribntsd  to  oowaidicej  'hot  it  seems  now 
to  be  belieired^  that  there  was  in  it  at  least  a  great  mlxtoie  of 
tteachety. 

*'  Among  the  English  adherents  of  Monmouth  (says  Fox,  in 
his  Historical  Fragment),  by  far  the  most  remarkable  was  Ford, 
Lord  Gtey,  of  Wark.  A  scandalous  love-intrigue,*  with  his  wife's 
sister,  had  fixed  a  vcy  deep  stain  upon  his  private  character; 
nor  were  the  circumstances  attending  this  aflair,  which  had  all 
been  brought  to  light  in  a  court  of  justice,  by  any  means  calcu- 
lated to  extenuate  his  guilt.  His  ancient  family,  however,  the 
extensive  influence  arising  from  his  l^rge  possessions,  hb  talents, 
which  appear  to  have  been  very  considerable,  and  above  all,  his 
bitherto  unshaken  fidelity  in  political  attachments,  and  the  gene- 
ral steadiness  of  his  conduct  in  public  life,  might  in  some  degree 
countervail  the  odium  which  he  had  incurred  on  account  of  hb 
private  vices."" 

The  most  probable  account  of  Lord's  Grey*s  conduct  at  Sedge- 
taoK,  Is  to  be  fonnd  in  the  words  of  a  cotemporary  of  rank,  John, 
first  Viscount  Lonsdale,  in  **  A  Memoir  of  the  Reign  of  James  11." 
{printed  by  the  liberality  of  the  present  Earl  of  Lonsdale,  but  not 
published. 

"  The  Duke  of  Monmouth  finding  Bristol  possessed  by  the 
&ing*s  forces,  he  returned  back  again,  and  entered  Bridgewater, 
whilst  the  King's  forces,  under  the  command  of  my  Lord  Fever- 
sham,  lay  encamped  upon  Sedgemoor,  some  three  miles  distunt 
fi-om  the  town,  covered  with  a  ditch.  The  Duke,  in  hopes  to 
iurprite  them,  issued  out  in  the  night,  and  was  so  far  prospeioui 
is  to  miss  Colonel  Oglethorpe,  who  was  gone  to  the  very  town 
of  Bridgewater  to  gain  intelligence.  And  the  King*8  horse  being 
quartered  at  a  little  village,  a  quarter  of  a  mile  off,  where  my 
Lord  Feversham  was  also,  was  said  not  to  be  in  all  the  readiness 
that  was  necessary.  But,  however,  the  horse  under  the  conduct 
of  my  Lord  Grey  did  so  little,  running  away  at  the  very  first,  that 
there  was  no  great  want  of  the  King's  horse  to  oppose  them. 

>  Letters  between  these  lowers  are  in  print,  but  they  are  fictiiioua. 
«  l'os*i  Hist,  frapn.  173*1  I74« 


EARL  GREY.  <M^ 

The  tdoi  hide^  fboght  better  i  and  two  fidd-pi^c6i  tb«^  bild  did 
iome  eiecation.  fiat  the  horse  beihg  gone^  the  matter  ws^  g;r6wb 
desperate  5  and  herein  the  Dhke  of  Monmouth  lost  nmch  of  Us* 
rfepatation  for  courage;  for,  instead  of  dying  in  the  field,  as  ^as 
expected,  he  left  bis  men  fighting,  and  endeavoafed  ia  Escape  Hi 
totnpany  with  my  Lord  Grey;  but  was  within  two  days  taken 
among  some  bashes,  hid,  with  a  pocket  full  of  peas,  which  be 
wds  forced  to  gather  for  food.  He  was  brought  up  t6  London, 
dined  at  Cliffbrd*s  lodgings,  where  he  saw  the  Kiclg;  and  botti 
there  and  by  letters,  asked  for  pshlon.  Whsit  arguments  he  had 
to  hope  it  eoliid  be  granted,  were  not  certain.  Within  fdur  dajr^ 
he  was  executed  upon  Tower- Hill,  Suffering  four  if  not  five  bloti^s 
of  th^  asLe;  of  which,  though  he  seemed  fearful  from  my  I>drd 
Russeirs  case,  who  had  done  so  before^  he  died  otherways  WUh 
great  constancy. 

'^  My  Lord  Grey*8  conduct  in  all  this  business  gave  the  cetr- 
^orious  world  leave  to  say,  that  he  betrayed  him;  aud  that  he 
triumphed  in  the  revenge  for  private  injuries  received  in  hb 
family :  for,  besides  the  fiiilure  of  the  hot^  under  his  conduct,  h^^ 
after  their  bein^  taken,  seemed  rather  pleased  than  fearful:  hn 
talk  Was  of  hounds  and  hunting;  and  when  the  Duke,  at  Mt. 
ChiiSnch's,  complained  of  a  cold  he  had  got,  he,  in  a  scoff,  told 
him  bis  uncle  had  a  cure  to  be  applied  in  a  few  days.  This  con- 
duct, added  to  the  former  escape  out  of  the  hands  of  a  messenger 
in  a  hackney  coach,  made  the  world  almost  assured  of  whiit  th^f 
stispected ;  and  I  have  been  informed,  that  one  Major  Holmes 
discerned  the  thing  so  plainly,  that  he  told  the  Duke  three  days 
before  the  battle  at  Sedgemoor,  that  my  Lord  Grey  was  certainly 
either  a  coward^r  a  knave;  that,  if  he  would  give  him  leave,  he 
would  secure  him,  without  which  he  despaired  of  success.  The 
Duke  made  answer,  that  it  was  then  too  late.** 

^*  Majot  Holmes  was  sent  into  the  country^  and  hanged,  wbiUt 
my  Ix)rd  Grey  had  his  pardon,  and  became  an  evidence  against 
several,  &c.*'  ^ 

After  the  Revolution,  Lord  Grey  had  interest  enough  to  be 
created  ViScouilT  Gx.£NOALa,  atid  £arl  ofr  TAMKbkviLLx,  in 
ld>95.  He  died  June  25th,  I701,  having  married  Lady  Mary 
Berkeley,  fourth  daugbtet  of  George,  Earl  of  Berkeley;  by  whoq^ 
he  lefl  an  only  daughter  and  heir, 

lady  Maiy  Grey,  who  married^  iGq5,  Charles  Bennet,  Lord 

D  Mesoolr  by  Viscona:  Lontdtle,  pp.  iz»  13. 


088  P£ERA6£  OP  £N6LANa 

Qssubtone^  who  in  conseqoeDoe  of  tbat  marriage  was  created 
Earl  of  Takkbrville,  ou  October  IQ^,  1714.  She  died  Maj 
^l8t,  1710.     CSee  Vol.  IF.  article  TankervilU.J 

Ralph  Grey,  his  brother^  succeeded  as  fourth  Lord  Gr£Y» 
OF  Warkb.  But  died  without  issue  1704,  on  which  the  titles 
became  extiact.  He  adopted, his  nephew,  Henry  Neville^  as  bis 
heir,  as  already  mentioned. 

We  now  come  to  Sir  Edward  Grey>  of  Howick,  co.  Northaro* 
berland,  Knt«  fourth  son  of  Sir  Ralph  Grey,  of  ChiUingham,  by 
Isabel,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Grey,  of  Horton,  and  younger 
brother  of  Sir  Ralph  Grey,  who  was  ftther  of  William,^ri/  Lord 
Grey,  of  Warke.  This  Sir  Edward  died  1632,  having  married 
Catharine,  daughter  of  Roger  Le  Strange,  of  Hunstanton,  in  Nor- 
folk; by  whom  he  had  five  sons,  and  two  daughters;  viz. 

1 .  Philip,  of  Howick,  of  whom  presently,  as  ancestor  to  Earl 
Grey. 

%  Edward  Grey,  of  Bitchficld,  co.  Northumb.  who  died  in 
July  1658,  having  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Henry  Wi- 
drington,  of  Widriogton,  co.  Northumb.  Knt.  by  whom  he  had 
five  sons,  and  four  daughters;  viz.  I.  Edward  Grey,  of  Bitchfield 
aforesaid,  living  1656,  but  died  in  his  father's  lifetime,  having 
married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Gawyn  Rotherford,  of  Rochester, 
'  CO.  Northumb.  by  whom  he  had  Edward,  living  l656j  but  died 
young;  and  Margaret,  who  died  young.  2.  Henry  Grey,  of 
Bitchfield  aforesaid,  who  was  aet.  32  on  Aogust  24th,  1666,  and 
married,  ^ri^^  Dorothy,  daughter  of  William  Wytham,  of  Clifi^ 
CO.  York,  Esquire,  by  whom  he  had,  William  Grey,  aged  seven, 
on  August  24th,  1666.      Charles;    Thomas,  died  young;   and 

Margaret,  married  -to  Reed.     He  married,  secondly.  Troth, 

daughter  of  John  Swinburne,  of  Capbeaton,  co.  Northumb.  Esq. 
3.  William  Grey.  4.  Charles  Grey,  living  in  1656,  died  young. 
5.  Francis,  died  young.  6.  Mary,  wife  of  Thomas  Riddell,  of 
Fenham,  co.  Northumb.  £»q.  7.  Catharine,  wife  of  John  Ram- 
say, of  Bewick,  co.  Northumb.  Esq.  8.  Margaret,  wife  of  George 
Delaval,  third  son  of  Sir  John  Delaval,  of  Dissingtoo,  co. 
Northumb.  Knt.    9.  Elizabeth,  living  1666,  unmarried. 

3.  Ralph,  died  unmarried. 

4.  John  Grey,  living  in  l640,  died  before  l657i  having  mar* 

ried  Mary,  daughter  of Hume,  by  whom  he  bad  Ralph, 

Thomas,  and  Margaret. 

5.  Thomas  Grey,  who  died  before  \656,  having  had  issue« 
Thomas,  Elizabeth,  Catherine^  and  Anne. 


EARL  GREY.  <389 

^.  Catherine,  Uving  1050^  married  Randall  Feawick^  of  Deo* 
faam,  co«  Nortbumb. 

8.  Elizabeth,  died  unmarried. 

Philip  Orey,  Esq.  of  Hounck,  eldest  son  of  Sir  Edward^  al« 
zeadf  mentioned,  died  in  the  lifetime  of  his  father,  having  married 
the  daughter  and  coEeir  of  ■  Weatwood^  of  Westwood^  eo« 
Norihumb.  by  whom  he  had, 

1 .  Edward^  of  whom  presently, 

2.  iohn^  died  S.  P.  3.  Ralph.  And^  4.  Philip^  died  unmar- 
ried. 

Edward  Grey,  of  Howick,  Esq.  eldest  son,  died  in  l693,  bav- 
iflg  married  -^^^  daughter  of  Martin  Fenwick,  of  Kenton,  aear 
Newcastle,  by  whom  he  bad  four  sons, 

]•  PHiLip.Grey,  of  ifott^icib,  Esq.  who,  by  Magdalen,  daughter 
of  — -«  Forster,  Esq.  of  Alderstone,  co.  Northumb.  had  Philip 
Grey,  who  died  an  infant  ^  and  Magdalen  and  Elizabeth,  who  died 
nnmarried. 

2.  John  Grey,  of  Acton,  of  whom  presently. 

3.  Edward  Grey,  who  died  unmarried,  and  was  buried  at 
Howick. 

4.  Martin  Grey,  of  Overgrass^  in  the  parish  of  Felton,  co. 
Northumb.  Esq.  who,  by  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  sole  heir  of 
—————,  had  five  sons,  and  four  daughters  J  viz.  1.  Philip, 
who  died  in  his  father's  lifetime,  and  was  buried  at  Felton,  hav- 
ing married  '  ■  ■■  ,  daughter  of  the  Rev.  ■  '  ■  ■  Henderson,  by 
whom  he  had  William  Grey  (who  by  the  daughter  of  — »  Lisle, 
of  CO.  Northumb.  had  Catherine  and  Elizabeth),  Robert  and  Ca- 
therine. 2.  Edward  Grey,  of  Alnwick,  who  died  there  in  1740, 
having  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Alexander  David6<xi,  Vicar  of 
Horm,  by  whom  he  had  a  son,  Edward,  who  died  an  infiint,  and 
two  daughters^  Mary,  wife  of  William  Cooper,  of  Newcastle- 
upon-Tyne,  M.  D,  (mother  by  him  of  the  late  Sir  Grey  Cooper^ 
Bart,  of  Nova  Scotia,  who  married  Margaret,  daaghter  of  Sir 
Henry  Grey,  Bart.),  and  Anne,  wife  of  John  Grey,  of  Morrick, 
Esq.  brother  of  Sir  Henry.    3.  John  Grey,  of  Alnwick  aforesaid, 

who  was  buried  there,  having  married  Mary,  daaghter  of  — -^ 

Clavering,  of  co.  Northumb.  by  whom  he  had  John  Grey,  of 
Alnwick,  who,  by  Anne,  daughter  of  James  Scott,  of  Alnwick, 
bad  James  Grey,  who  died  unmarried;  Dr.  — —  Grey^  a  physi- 
cian, and  John  Grey,  who  married  Anne,  daughter  of  John  Grey, 
of  Morrick,  Esq.  4.  Martin  Grey,  of  Alnwick,  Gent,  who  died 
October  14th,  1743^  aged  fifty-eight,  and  was  buried  there,  hav- 

V0L«  V*  2  T 


6gO  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

ing  married  Mary,  daughter  of  John  Davidson^  of  Alnwick/ Gent, 
v/ bo  died  September  20th »  17QI,  and  was  baried  ihere,  and  by 
whom  be  bad  an  only  son,  Edward  Grey,  of  Alnwick  and  Over- 
grass.   The  four  daughters  of  Martin  died  unmarried. 

John  Grey,  of  Acton,  near  Felton»  co.  Northumberland^  Esq. 
second  son,  already  mentioned^  married  Dorothy,  daughter  of 
Lisle^  of  Acton,  aforesaid,  Esq.  by  whom  he  had  an  only  son,  and 
four  daughters;  viz. 

Margaret,  married  Charles  Brandling,  Esq. 

Susan,  married Bell. 

Dorothy,  married  Robert  Ogle,  of  Eglinghaoit  oo;Northumb. 
Esq. 

Mary,  married  George  Tawrey,  Esq. 

John  Grey,  of  Hounck,  Esq.  only  son,  was  buried  at  Howick^ 
having  married  the  daughter  of  — —  Pearson^  also  buried  at 
Howick,  by  whom  he  had  three  tons;  viz. 

] .  Sir  Henry,  of  whom  presently. 
.    2.  Thomas  Grey,  who  died  unmarried,  at  Howick.   • 

3.  John  Grey,  of  Morrick,  in  the  parish  of  Warkworth,  who 
married  Anne,  daughter  of  Edward  Grey,  of  Alnwick,  already 
mentioned,  by  whom  he  had  three  daughters,  and  three  sons; 
viz.  Margaret;  Anne,  who  married  John  Grey,  already  men- 
tioned; and  Mary,  who  married  — -—  Hay;  John  Grey,  a  Captain 
in  the  army,'  killed  in  Germany;  Henry  Grey,  a  Lieutenant  in 
the  royal  navy;  and  Charles  Grey,  of  Embledon,  who  married 
Katherine,  daughter  of  — — —  Kelly,  and  has  issue,  John  and 
Anne. 

Sir  Hbnry  Grey,  of  Howick,  Bart,  eldest  son,  already  men* 
tinned,  was  baptized  December  ^th,  1691,  was  High  Sheriff  for 
Northumberland  in  1736,  created  a  Baronet  January  llth,  1746, 
and  was  buried  at  Howick,  May  6th,  1/49,  ^S^  fifty-eight,  hav- 
ing married  Hannah,  daughter  of  Thomas  Wood,  of  Falloden,  in 
the  parish  of  Embiedon,  co.  Northumb.  who  died  July  19th,  1764, 
and  was  buried  at  Howick.  By  her  he  had  issue  five  sons,  and 
four  daughters;  viz. 

1.  Sir  Henry  Grey,  of  Howick,  second  Baronet,  who  was  bap- 
tized November  15th,  1722,  was  elected  M.  P.  for  the  county  of 
Northumberland,  17^4,  and  again  1762;  died  unmarried  at  hit 
house  in  Great  Ormond-street,  30th  March,  1808,  set.  86. 

2.  John  Grey,  born  at  Howick,  died  in  London,  unmarried. 

3.  Thomas  Grey,  bom  at  Howick,  baptized  25 th  June,  172s, 
killed  in  a  duel  with  Lord  Pomfret,  and  buridd  in  South  Aodley 
chapel. 


•      EAftL  GREY.  (^1 

4.  Cbmles^'ofwhom  prescTitly. 

5.  Balph^  baptized  Jaoaary  8tb>  1737-S>  died  in  1787,  unmar* 
lied,  and  was  buried  in  South  Audlej  chapel. 

The  daughters  VQre,  Hannah  and  Jane,  who  both  died  unmar- 
ried $  Margaret,  baptized  December  8th,  1736,  was^r^^  wife  of 
Sir  Grey  Cooper,  as  already  mentioned;  and  Elizabeth,  married 
Sir  James  Pennyman,  Bart  and  died  about  1803. 

Sir  Charles,  first  Sa^l  Gsby,  fourth  son,  was  born  at 
Howick  in  October  1 729 ;  was  brought  up  in  the  army;  attained 
the  Ksnk  of  Abjor-general,  August  29tb,  1777>  of  Lieutenant- 
genecal,  Noveinber  26tb,  1782;  and  of  General,  May  3d,  1 796. 
On  March  .4th,  1777,  he  was  appointed  to  the  command  of  the 
28th  regiment  of  Foot  (from  the  half-pay  o£  the  68th  Foot)  On 
July  J  3th,  1787,  he  obtained  the  Stii  Dragoons,  which  he  quitted 
on  March  17th,  1789,  for  the  3d  Dragoon  Guards;  this  r^ment 
he  again  gave  up  on  March  20th,  1797,  for  the  8th  Dragoons  1 
which  he  quitted  once  more  on  September  4th,  1799i  ^or  the  3d 
Dragoons,  which  regiment  he  retained  till  his  death. 

On  January  8th,  1783,  he  was  invested  with  the  ensigns  of  the 
Order  of  the  Bath;  into  which  order,  however,  he  was  not  in- 
stalled till  May  19th,.  1788.  He  earned  this  distinction  by  his 
long  military  services  in  the  preceding  contest  with  America;  and 
by  a  regular  gradation  of  active  epiployment  from  the  time  of  his 
£rst  entry  into  the  army.^ 

'Soon  after  the  breaking  out  of  the  late  war,  he  was  appointed, 
in  1794,  to  the  chief  command  of  the  land-forces  sent  to  reduce 
the  French  West -India  islands;  of  which  an  account  has  been 
already  given  under  the  article  of  the  Earl  ofSL  Vincent.  Soon 
after  his  raturn  home,  he  had  the  command  of  the  Southern  Dis- 
trict,P  and  of  the  coast  most  exposed  to  the  enemy,  who  at  that 
timp  made  formidable  preparations  for  an  invasion,  He  was  also 
tworp,  in  1797,  one  of  h'ls  Majesty's  Frivy-council.  At  length, 
worn  out  with  age,  and  active  services,  he  retired  to  his  seat  in 
his  native  county,  to  pass  the  remainder  of  his  days  in  the  bosom 
of  his  family. 

His  Majesty,  however,  was  not  forgetful  of  bis  merits,  even  in 
retiremept;  for  during  the  Addington  Administration,  he  was 
elevated  to  the  Peerage,  by  the  title  of  Baron  Gret  or  Howigk, 
in  the  county  of  Northumberland,  by  patent,  dated  May  23d,  1801; 

He  watAtdodc-Gamp  to  Prince  FerdiaaAd  at  the  battle  of  Minden,  at  whicl^ 
kc  wu  wounded,  • 
f  ^e  resided  during  that  commasd  at  Barha]c«Court,  near  Can  Urbur^ 


Sglk  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

and  was  £irther  advanced  to  be  Viscovkt  Howick^  and  Eakl 
Grbt^  April  lUh^  1800.  He  cUed  NoveAl>er  I4tb,  1807^  aged 
sevcntj-eight^  being  then  Governor  of  Gaernaex 

His  Lordship  married  at  Southwick,  oo,  Dnrbam^  in  1762, 
Elizabeth,^  daughter  of  Creorge  Grey,  of  Sonth  wick 'aforesaid, 
Esq.  By  this  Lady^  who  still  survives,  he  had  a  numerous  fimily; 
viz, 

1.  Henry,  bom  in  1/63,  died  an  in&nt, 

2.  Charles,  the  present  EarL 

3.  Henry-George,  bom  October  25th,  17GO;  a  Major-general 
in  the  army,  L>eutenant-govemar  and  commander  ci  the  forces 
at  the  Cape  of  €»ood  Hope,  and  Lieutenant-cdonel  of  the  17th  re- 
giment dragoons. 

4.  George,  born  October  10th,  1767,  Captain  of  the  Royal 
Charlotte  yacht,  in  the  royal  navy,  resident  Commissioner  at 
Fntsmouth  dock-yard;  married,  July  1795,  Mary,  sister  to  Sa* 
inuel  Whitbread,  Esq.  by  whom  he  has  issue  Mary,  bom  April 
3d,  1796;  Eliaabeth,  bora  December  I80d$  and  George,  May 

nth,  1799. 

5.  Thomas,  borti  1770$  died  1797,  unmarried. 

6.  William,  bora  October  20th,  1777,  a  lAeutenant-cdooel  in 
the  army.  Lieutenant-colonel  of  the  sixth  veteran  battalion,  and 
Lieutenant-governor  of  Chester,  married,  1805,  Maria,  daughtet 
of  the  late  Lieutenant-general  William  Shirreff,  atid  has  a  daugh- 
ter, Elizabeth,  born  1806. 

7.  Edward,  born  March  25th,  1782,  in  Holy  Orders,  Rector  of 
Reasmere,  Wilts,  married,  March  2 1st,  I8O9,  Miss  C.  Croftes, 
daughter  of  J.  Croftes,  Esq.  of  Greeoharo,  Berks. 

Lady  Elizabeth,  bora  April  7th,  1765;  married,  January  18th, 
1789,  Samuel  Whitbread,  Esq.  M.  P.  for  Bedford,  and  has  issue, 
Elizabeth,  born  December  2iBt,  1791 ;  William,  bora  January  4th, 
1795;  Samuel-Charles,  bora  Febraary  l6th,  179^;  and  Emn»« 
laura,  bora  January  19th,  1798. 

4  Her  mother  was  ao  Ogle,  aunt  to  Sir  Chaloner  Ogle,  and  was  living  withia 
these  few  yeara  at  a  very  great  age. 

'  He  was  descended  from  George  Grey,  of  Southwick,  Esq.  who,  in  1647, 
married  Frances,  daughter  of  Thomas  Robinson,  Esq.  of  Rokeby,  in  Yorkshire, 
ttiter  te  Sir  Leonard  Robinson,  ancestor  to  the  present  liord  Rokeby.  From  this 
match  also  descended  Dr.  Zachaiy  Grey,  the  editor  of  Hvdibras,  who  died  No- 
itember  25 tb,  1766.  They  were  of  a  different  family  from  the  Grtys  of  Ho*- 
ick  I  and  bore  the  hars  for  their  arms  (like  the  house  of  Stamford,  ftc.),  and  not 
the  /iea.  Lady  Grey  had  a  brother,  who  died  at  Gibraltar,  Lietttenant-coloael  of 
the  j  9th  foot,  and  left  only  two  daughters* 


EARL  Ga£Y.  ^ 

tsady  Hannah,  bora  April  Mth^  1785)  married^  August  24tb, 
1807,  Captain  Bettcs worth,  of  the  Tartar  frigate,  who  was  killed, 
in  action  May  .25th^  1808.    She  remarried  the  Rev.  Mr.  £llice. 

Charlbs,  second  but  eldest  surviving  son,  succeeded  as  sbcomo 
Eakl  Grpy.  He  was  born  March  13tb,  1764,  was  educated  at 
Cambridge!  and  on  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  accession  to 
the  Peerage  of  the  present  Earl  of  Beverley,  on  June  2d^  1786, 
was  elected  M.  P.  for  the  county  of  Northumberland.  The 
House  of  Commons  immediately  afforded  a  field  for  his  talents 
and  oratory,  by  which  he  rose  at  once  into  distinction ;  and  ha v« 
ing  ranged  himself  on  the  side  of  Opposition  to  Mr.  Pitt,  he  be** 
came  one  of  the  most  powerful  supporters  of  his  party,  of  which 
be  continued  among  the  principal  leaders  during  the  whole  one 
and  twenty  years  that  he  sat  in  that  house.  At  the  election 
of  ie?7>  he,  for  the  first  time,  declined  to  become  a  candidate 
for  the  county  of  Northumberland,  and  was  returned  for  Ap« 

pleby. 

On  the  accession  of  the  Grenville  Administration,  in  1806^  he 
was  appointed  first  Lord  of  the  Admiralty;  which,  on  the 
death  of  Mr.  Fox,  in  September  following,  he  exchanged  for  that 
of  Secretary  of  Stslte  for  the  Foreign  Department.  He  retired 
with  the  rest  of  that  Ministry,  in  the  following  year;  and  in  No- 
vember I8O7,  succeeded  his  father  as  Earl  Grey. 

His  Lordship  married,  November  18th,  1794,  Mary-Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  William  Brabazon  Ponsonby,  afterwards  created 
Lord  Ponsonby,  by  Louisa  Molesworth,  daughter  of  Richard, 
third  Viscount  Molesworth.     By  her  his  Lordship  has  issue, 

1.  Henry,  Viscount  Hotvick,  born  December  27th,  1802. 

2.  Charles,  bom  March  15th,  1804. 

3.  Frederick- William-Grey,  born  1805. 

4.  Lady  Louisa-Elizabeth,  bom  April  7th,  1797, 
6.  Lady  Elizabeth,  bora  Joly  10th,  1798- 

6.  Lady  Caroline,  born  1799. 

7.  Lady  Georgina,  bora  Febraary  l/th,  1801. 

8.  Lady  Mary,  bom  May  2d,  I807. 

9.  A  son,  born  May  I3th,  1808. 

Titier.  Charles  Grey,  Earl  Grey,  Viscount  Howick,  Baron 
Grey,  of  Howick,  and  Baronet. 

Creations.  Earl  Grey,  and  Viscount  Howick,  April  1  st,  1806} 
Baron  Grey,  of  Howick,  June  23d,  180i  j  Baronet,  January  1  ith, 
1746. 


9g4  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND* 

Arms.  Golesy  a  Uod  nunpaot  Aigent,  witfaiii  t  bcnrfoie  en* 
grailed  Ai^gent. 

Crest    A  scaling  ladder. 

SuppQTMrs.  Qn  the  dexter,  a  lion  guardant,  crowned  with  a 
dacai  coronet  $  on  the  sinister  a  leopard  guardant. 

Motto,    Db  bok  vovloib,  sbbvib  lb  mot* 

Chief  Seat.    Howick,  Northttmberland* 


EARL  OF  LONSDALE. 


LOWTHER,  EARL  OF  LONSDALE. 

Tail  family  U  of  great  antiquitjr  ia  the  conntf  of  Westmoreland, 
and  hath  floaruhed  at  Loiother  bejond  anjr  reccnd,  aod  produced 
manj  eminent  peraoni,  who  bave  honoured  their  countrjr  by  the 
moat  coDuderable  Knlces;  and  it  has  alw  produced  one  Lord 
/X^icotiDt,  and  four  Baronets,  that  were  all  living  at  the  same  time, 
-which  are  recited  b«re,  viz. 

1.  Sir  Henry  LowthcTj  of  Lowtber,  BarL  first  Lord  Visconnt 
Lonsdale. 

2,  Sir  Jamea  Lowtber,  of  Whilekaom,  Bart. 

3,  Sir  William  Lowther,  of  Mtuke  and  Bolker,  Bart. 

4.  Sir  William  Lowther,  of  SwHlington,  Bart,  wfaidi  title  be- 
coming extinct,  a  £resh  patent  was  granted  to  Sir  William,  of 
SwHlington  (fether  <tf  the. present  Earl),  Ailgust  l/tb,  1764. 

The  name  it  local,  and  according  to  the  different  appreben»oa 
of  the  wiiten,  aod  the  ctulom  of  the  ancient  times,  has  been  va- 
riously written  j  as  Lauder,  Loader,  Loder,  Lather,  Lothair,  LO' 
tbayre,  Louthre,  Loutber,  Lauther. 

Olaus  Wormius,  the  Danish  antiquary,  being  cotuolted  by  Sir 
Henry  Spelman,  at  the  instigation  of  Feter  Osborn,  about  the  de- 
rivatioD  of  this,  among  other  Eogliili  names,  says,  be  finds  it 
among- the  ancient  Danish  names  of  their  kings;  and  tells  us  it 
is  derived  from  the  word  Lolk  and  er,  which  signifies  fortune  and 
iboBOOr;  olben  look-on  it  as  a  very  honourable  name,  becaase 
they  observe  -many  o£  the  Emperors  and  Princes  of  Germany  to 
■be  called  Lotbarius;  but  since  most  of  the  English  names,  and 
-that  of  the  most  noble  families,  are  taken  from  the  towns  they 
were  Lords  of,  it  leems  probable  that  of  this  family  was  no  taken. 


6^  PEERAGE  OF  EBWLAND. 

At  Great  PrestoD^  in  Yorkshire,  the  areas  are  there  painted  of 
the  families  the  Lowthers  have  in  soccession  matched  into^  trans* 
cribed  by  Mr.  Tboresby^  which  are  published  ia  his  Antiquities 
of  Leeds,  page  3.  viz.  Lowlber  cum  DayDcourt,  Bromflete, 
Rookesby,  Quait,  Moubray,  Buroell,  Lascells^  Stapleton,  Strick- 
land, Vipont  Lord  of  Westmoreland^  Moukoo  Lord  of  Gillesland 
in  Cumberland ;  after  this  we  find. 

Sir  Gbrvasius  de  Lowther,  who  held  a  Knight*s  service  of 
King  Henry  IIL  1217.  Vid.  Dugd.  Mtmast.  Fol  III.  p.  A6. 
He  married  a  daughter  of  —  Lord  Ross  de  Kendal,  grandson 
to  Robert^  Lord  Ross,  of  Hamlake,  and  Isabella  his  wife,  who  was 
daughter  of  the  King  of  Scots.    His  son  and  heir  was 

Sir  HuGu  de  Louther,  an  officer  to  King  Edward  I.  as  appears 
by  Dugdale's  Baronage,  Vol.  L  p.  506,  coL  1 .  He  married  the 
daughter  of  Linglisi),  or  Lenglays  de  Cosyn^  and  was  succeeded 
by 

Sir  Hugh  de  LoatW,  bis  only  sod,  who,  by  a  daughter  o£ 
Moriceby,  of  Moriceby,  in  Cumberland,  left  issue 

6hr  Hugh  dn  LoiMber,  Attorney  General  20  Edward  L  He 
was  returned  one  of  the  Knights  for  the  county  of  Westmoreland 
28th  of  the  same  reign,  and  1  Edward  II.  It  appears  by  inqnisi- 
tion,  that  he  held  the  m^nor  of  Hereley  the  I2th  of  Edward  I. 
and  that  Robert  Burnell,  Bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  the  18th  of 
the  same  reign,  did  by  fine  pass  to  him  the  manor  of  Newton 
Regny,  in  CuD^berlahd^  wbidi  he  held  by  Knights  service  to. at- 
tend .the  King  with  a  horse  and  hoiyeman.  He  was  possessed  of 
lands  in  the  Hamlet  of  Whale,  and  in  Thamby,  and  of  the  manor 
ofLowiher,  in  Weiimorelaud}  *where  he  held  bat  messuages  and 
eight  bovates  of  kod  in  the  said  town  of  Loulfaer,  of  Lord  Robert 
Clifibrd,  the  \Oih  of  Edward  IT.  and  was  also  seised  of  the  tnanoc 
and  town  of  Widehope,  in .  Cumberland,  the  I8tb  of  the  same 
reign.  He  married  a  daughter  of  Sir  Peter  de  Filiol,  of  Scalebjr 
Castle,  in  Cumberland,  by  whom  he  had  issue^ 

1.  Sir  Hugh. 

3.  Thomas  de  Louthre  was  made  one  of  the  juattces  of  the 
King's  Bench,  5  Edward  III.  with  Richard  Willoughby,  5th  Do- 
cember«  1330^  and  left  issue. 

The  said  Sir  Hugh  de  Louther,  son  and  heir,  had. licence  to 
make  a  park  in  his  manor  of  Louther,  the  llth  of  Edward  III. 
and  had  free  warren  tbere^  and  in  his  manors  of  Herd^  and 
Widehope  J  and  in  the  5th  of  the  same  reign  he  gave  lands  in 
Thurnby  and  Lowtber  to  the  priory  and  convent  jofWotton.    He 


EARL  OF  LONSDALE.  6gT 

was,  the  I7tb  of  Edward  II.  one  of  the  Koigbts  of  the  shire  for 
Cumberland^  was  commissioned  to  array  all  men  at  arms  in  the 
county  of  Westmoreland »  and  to  be  in  readiness  to  attend  the 
King  the  14th  of  Edward  III.  and  had  been  in  several  engage- 
ments with  the  Scots.  He  served  in  Parliament  for  the  county  of 
Westmoreland,  and  in  the  15th  of  Edward  IIL  he  was  again  re- 
turned one  of  the  Knights  for  Cumberland;  in  the  17th  he  served 
for  the  same  county.  He  was  Sheriff  of  Cumberland  the  26tb, 
27ih,  and  28th  of  the  same  reign,  which  was  then  an  office  of 
great  trust  and  power.  In  the  23d  of  Edward  III.  he  was  again 
returned  one  of  the  Knights  for  Westmoreland.  In  the  45tb  and 
46th  of  ditto,  he  was  again  returned  for  Westmoreland,  which 
was  the  last  time  he  served,  for  growing  in  years,  his  son  and  heir 
was  elected.  He  married  Margaret,  daughter  and  heir  of  Lucie^ 
Lord  Egremont,  Baron  of  Cockermouth  j  and  in  44  Edward  IIL 
was  succeeded  by  his  son,      « 

Sir  JoHK  de  Louther,  who  by  an  indenture  is  written  Johannes 
Fil.  Hugo  de  Louther.  He  was  elected  50  Edward  III.  for  West- 
moreland ;  and  the  second  of  Richard  II.  With  him  Sir  Thomas 
de  Clifford  covenanted  by  indeoture  touching  the  government  of 
Thomas  Clifibrd,  bis  son,  and  his  own  as  well  as  his  ward's  peace. 
He  married  Margaret,  after  the  wife  of  Sir  Robert  de  Kendall^ 
and  had  issue, 

1.  Sir  Robert,  of  whom  presently, 

2.  Sir  William,  of  Crookdale,  Sheriff  of  Cumberland,  2  Henry 
IV.  and  also  the  7tb,  8th,  and  9th  of  that  reign ;  and  represen* 
tativefor  that  county,  with  his  brother,  the  5th  of  Henry  IV.  and 
by  Alice,  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Hale,  of  Kirkby  Thor,  had 
issue  Richard ;  also  Elizabeth,  the  wife  of  Richard  Orpheur,  Lord 
of  Plumland,  in  Cumberland,  Esq. 

3.  ,  wife  of  Thomas  de  Wharton,  of  Wharton,  in  West- 
moreland^ Esq.  ancestor  to  the  late  Duke  of  Wharton. 

Sir  RoBBRT  was  Knight  of  the  Shire  for  Cumberland  the  15th 
and  17th  of  Richard  II.  and  the  2d  of  Henry  IV.  was  again 
elected  for  Cumberland  ^  as  also  the  5th  of  Henry  IV.  and  the  2d 
of  Henry  V.  and  Sheriff  of  Cumberland  the  6th  of  Henry  V.  He 
greatly  contributed,  anno  140J ,  towards  building  the  choir  of  the 
Cathedral  of  Cariisle,  with  his  fatber-in-law,  William  Strickland, 
Bishop  of  the  diocese,  whose  daughter  and  heir,  Margaret,  he 
married.  His  arms  are  painted  on  the  roof,  which  is  of  wood, 
neatly  vaulted.    He  died  9th  April,  1430,  according  to  the  datf 


egs  FEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

on  hit  tomb  ia  Louther  church,  whereof  the  family  are  patrons. 
He  left  issue 

1.  Sir  Hugh. 

2.  Mary,  wife  of  Sir  James  Pickeriog,  of  Wiaderwortb,  in 
Westmoreland. 

3.  Anoe,  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Curwin,  of  Workington,  in  Cum- 
berland. 

Sir  Hugh  served  under  that  glorious  monarch  King  Henry  V. 
in  the  wars  in  France,  and  was  in  the  famous  battle  of  Agincourt, 
1415,  there  being  witbhim  his  kinsman,  JefTery  de  Louther  (Re^ 
odver-General  of  the  Duchy  of  Lancaster),  and  Richard  de 
Louther.  He  served-  the  4th  of  Henry  VI.  for  the  county  of 
Cumberland,  as  also  the  9th  of  Henry  VI.  and  was  Sheriff  of  the 
same  county  the  18th  and  34th  of  the  same  reign.  He  married 
Anne,  daughter  of  John  de  Darentwater,  in  Cumberland,  Esq. 
and  was  succeeded  by 

Sir  Hugh  de  Louther,  his  son  and  hdr.  He  married  Mabel, 
daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  WilUam  Lancaster,  of  Stockbridge»  in 
Westmoreland. 

Sir  HuoH  de  Louther  was  his  successor,  and  married  Anne, 
daughter  of  Lancelot  Threlkeld,  of  Threlkeld,  in  Cumberland,  by 
Margaret  his  wife,  daughter  and  heir  of  Henry  Bromflete,  Lord 
Vescy  (which  Margaret  married,^  first,  John  Clifford,  father  to 
Henry,  Lord  Clifford),  and  left  issue 

Sir  John  Lowther,  Captain  of  Carlisle  Castle,  37  Henry  VUI; 
and  Sheriff  of  Cumberland  the  7th  and  34th  of  that  reign,  and  4th 
of  Edward  VI.  He  married  Lucy,  daughter  of  Sir  Christopher 
Cur  wen,  of  Workington,  iu  Cumberland,  by  .whom  he  had 
issue, 

1.  Sir  Hugh. 
•  2.  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Sir  William  Lancaster. 

3.  Joan,  wife  of  John  Fleming,  of  Rydall,  in  Westmoreland^ 
Esq. 

4.  Mabel,  wife  of  Christopher  Dalston,  of  Acombank,  in  West- 
moreland, Esq.  37  Henry  VIII.  She  had  100  marks  for  her 
portion,  and  401.  per  ann.  for  her  jointure. 

Sir  Hugh,  the  eldest  son  and  heir,  was  Knight  of  the  Bath  at 
the  marriage  of  Prince  Arthur,  and  married  Dorothy,  daughter 
and  only  child  of  Henry,  Lord  Clifford  (by  Florence,  his  second 
wife,  daughter  of  Henry  Pudsey,  Lord  of  Bolton,  in  t^e  county 
of  York,  Esq.),  and  sister  to  Heory  Clifford,  fint  £arl  of  Cum- 


EARL  OF  LONSDALE.  Ggg 

berland,  whose  mother,-  Anne^  was  daughter  of  John  St.  John, 
cousin-german  to  King  Heniy  VII.  ^  The  said  Sir  Hugh  and 
his  wife  died  about  the  latter  end  of  Henry  VIIL  This  marriage 
is  recited  in  a  large  family  picture  of  George,  third  Earl  of  Cum- 
herland^  in  .the  hall  at  Appleby  and  Skip  ton  Castla.^  He  had 
issue^ 
l.'Sir  Richard^  his  eldest  son,  of  whom  presently. 

2.  Gerard,  of  Penrith^  in  Cumberland^  Bencher  of  LinoolnV 
Inn,  married  ,  daughter  of  .  ,  of  Dudley,  in  West- 
moreland, Esq.  He  was  Sheriff  of  Cumberland  the  35th  of  Eli-^ 
xabeth,  and  Knight  of  the  shire  for  the  same  county  the  43d  of 
the  same  reign, 

3.  Margaret,  wife  of  John  Richmond,  of  Hyet  Castle,  in  Cum- 
berland, Esq. 

4.  Anite,  wife  of  Thomas  Wiberg,  of  Clifton,  in  Westmordand, 
Esq. 

5.  Frances,  wife  of  Henry  Goodyere,  of  Polesworth,  in-War- 
wickshire. 

6.  Barbara,  ynfc  of  Thomas  Carlton,  of  Carlton,  in^Cunber-' 
land,  Esq. 

Sir  Richard  was  High  Sheriff  of  Cumberland,  the  6th  and  the 
30tb  of  Elizabeth.  He  succeeded  his  cousin-germau,  Henry, 
Lord  Scroop,  as  Lord  Warden  oj  the  West  Marches,  and  was  thrice 
Commissioner  in  the  great  affairs  between  England  and  Scotland, 
all  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  when  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots 
fled  into  England,  and  arrived  at  Workington,  in  Cumberland, 
in  May  1568.  Queen  Elizabeth,  on  notice  of  it,  sent  to  this  Sir 
Richard,  during  his  Sheriffalty,  to  convey  her  to  Carlisle  Castle  $ 
but  while  the  Princess  was  in  his  custody,  he  iocurred  the  Queen's 
displeasure,  in  admitting  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  to  visit  her.  He 
married  Frances,  daughter  of  John  Middleton,  of  Middleton,  in 
Westmoreland,  Esq.  and  (according  to  his  epitaph  in  Le  Nev/s 
Monum,  Angl.  Vol,  I.  p.  \6),  aAer  he  had  seen  his  children  to 
the  fourth  degree,  giving  them  a  virtuous  education,  and  means 
to  live,  advanced  his  brothers  and  sisters  out  of  his  own  patrimony, 
governed  his  family^  and  kept  plentiful  hospitality  for  fifty-seven 
years  together.  He  ended  this  life  the  27th  of  January,  1607, 
aged  seventy-seven,  and  was  buried  at  Lowther,  where  his  effigies 
is  at  full  length,  and  a  table  of  four  descents, .  beginning  with  Sir 
John;  his  grandfather.    He  left  issue, 

« 

«  See  an  account  of  this  picture  in  Dr.  Whi taker's  account  of  Skipton  Cjstley 
"itL'litsHhtorj.  of  Craven, 


roo  PEERAGE  OF  SKGLAND. 

1.  JobD.    2.  George,  who  both  died  anmarried. 

3.  Sir  Christopher »  of  whom  herectfler. 

4.  Sir  Gerard,  of  St.  Michar's,  Dublin,  was  seised  of  the  manor, 
towD,  and  park  of  Lowther,  in  the  county  of  Fermanagh  f  and 
of  the  manors  of  Dunamore,  in  the  county  of  Meath;  and  of  St. 
JohD\  Iniscorthy,  in  the  county  of  Wexford;  and  the  rectoriea 
and  tythes  in  the  territory  oi  Murroghs,  which  he  restored  to  the 
church,  as  appears  by  his  will,  and  LodgeV  Irish  Peerage.  He 
was  Chief  Justice  of  the  Common  Pleas  in  Ireland,  and  one  of  the 
Lords  Justices  there  i  and  in  1654,  became  Lord  High  Chancellor 
of  Ireland.  (See  Harris's  History  thereof,  p,  112.)  He  married, 
first,  Anne,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  Ralph  Bulmer,  of  Wilton,, 
relict  of  '  Welbury,  Esq.;  secondly,  Anne,  daughter  of  Sir 
Laurence  Parsons  (ancestor  to  the  Earl  of  Ross),  to  whose  grand* 
son,  Lowther  Parsons,  he  left  his  manor  of  Si.  John*8.  His  third 
wife  was  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  John  King,  ancestor  to  Lord 
Kingston  3  but  he  died  without  issue. 

5.  Hugh,  a  Captain  in  the  voyage  to  Portugal,  was  also  Captain 
in  Queen  Elizabeth  and  King  James's  time  in  Ireland.  He  died 
at  the  fort  at  Lowther's  town,  so  called  from  his  brother,  Sia 
Gerard,  being  the  possessor  thereof,  and 'causing  a  town  to  be 
bmlt  there. 

6.  Richard,  died  unmarried. 

7.  Sir  Lancelot,  of  Yougstown,  in  the  county  of  Kildare,  was 
one  of  the  Barons  of  the  Exchequer,  and  of  the  Privy-council. 
He  bad  been  SoHcitor-Greneral  to  Queen  Anne,  King  James's 
Queen;  and  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  ■  Welbury,  of 
Castle  Eden  Durk,  Esq. 

8.  William. 

g.  Anne,  wife  of  Alexander  Fetherston,  of  Fetherstonhaugh,  ia 
Northumberland,  Esq. 

10.  Florence.  II.  Frances.  12.  Margaret.  13.  Dorothy. 
14.  Mabel;  all  died  unmarried. 

15.  Frances,  wife  of  Thomas  Clyborn,  of  Clybom,  in  West* 
moreland,  Esq. 

16.  Susanna,  died  unmarried. 

Sir  Cbristophkr,  the  eldest  surviving  son,  was  in  several  com- 
missions concerning  the  government  of  the  counties  of  Cumber* 
land  and  Westmoreland;  and  was  knighted  at  Newcastle,  13th 
April,  1603.  He  married,  first,  Eleanor,  daughter  of  Middleton* 
of  Middleton,  in  Westmoreland,  Esq ;  secondly,  Eleanor,  daugb* 
ter  of  William  Mufsgrave,  of  Hayton  Castle,  in  Westmoreland^ 


EARL  or  LONSDALE.  701 

£sq.  His  third  wife.  Maty,  was  daughter  and  coheir  of  Thomas 
Wilson,  of  fiastborne,  Sasaex,  Ambassador  and  Secretary  of  State 
to  Qaeen  Elizabeth,  relict  of  Sir  Robert  Bardet,  Bart.  He  died 
1617,  leariDg  issue  only  by  his  second  wife, 

1.  Sir  John,  his  successor. 

2.  Gerard,  a  Captain,  slain  in  the  wars  against  the  Turks,  in 
the  King  of  Poland's  service. 

3.  Richard,  of  St.  Giles's,  Cripplegate,  London,  Justice  of  the 
Peace,  and  Barrister  at  law  of  Grey  VInn,  married  ■  ■■,  daugh- 
ter of  John  Williams,  Esq.  of  Flintshire;  died  April  l65g,  and 
is  buried  at  Lothbury  church,  London,  with  his  relations  $  leav* 
ing  iasue,  Richard  $  Helleni  and  Eleanor,  who  married  Sir  Ni- 
cholas Frowde,  of  Bath,  who  died  there  August  6th,  1 674,  and 
was  father  to  Penelope,  the  wife  of  Nathaniel,  Lord  Crewe,  Bishop 
of  Durham. 

4.  Christopher,  Rector  of  Lowther. 

'  5,  William,  married  Eleanor,  daughter  of  Anthony  Welbury^ 
olf  Castle  Eden  Durk,  Esq.  and  was  father  to  Robert,  Chancellor 
of  Carlisle;  and  t6  George,  Captain  of  horse  under  the  Doke  of 
Ormond :  and  to  Lancelot,  Rector  of  Workington  and  Kirkby- 
Thor,  who  married  a  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Milbank;  and  also 
to  Colonel  Sir  Richard,  his  son  and  heir,  who  possessed  the  manor 
of  Ingleton,  and  advowson  of  the  rectory  of  Brentham,  in  the 
county  of  York,  and  was  Governor  of  Pbntefract  Castle,  and 
Master  of  the  ordnance  to  King  Charles  I.  He  married  Isabel, 
second  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Fletcher,  of  Hutton,  in  Cumber- 
land (whose  third  daughter  was  wife  of  Sir  John  Lowther,  grand- 
father to  Lord  L<»isdale),  and  had  issue;  1.  Gerard,  Captain  of 
liorse,  died  young.  2.  Henry,  of  Ingleton  and  Cociermouth, 
2.  Thomas.  4.  Robert.  5.  George,  of  Skryne  Abbey,  in  the 
county  of  Meath;  he  married  Frances,  daughter  of  Henry  Piers^ 
of  Tristemagh  (by  Frances  his  wife,  daughter  of  Thomas  Jones, 
Archbishop  of  Dublin),  and  was  father  to  Edward,  who  married 
Blaria,  daughter  of  Sir  Patrick  Cusac  de  Gerardston.  The  said 
Henry  was  possessed  of  Ingleton  and  Lowlier* s-town,  in  the 
county  of  Fermanagh,  which  last  estate  was  left  him  by  the  will 
of  his  uncle.  Sir  Gerard,  Lord  Chancellor  of  Ireland^  and  the  said 
Henry  left  issue  by  Margaret,  daughter  of  Miles  Halton,  of  Grey-^ 
stock,  in  Cumberland,  Esq.  four  daughters,  coheirs  $  Mary,  the 
youngest,  became  the  only  representative  of  this  branch  of  the 
family,  and  married  Joseph  Smith,  P.  D.  Provost  of  Queen'9  CoIt 
lege,  Otford, 


702  '  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

0.  Lancelot^  Rector  of  Long  MartOD,  died  l66l.  He  married 
Hester,  daaghter  of  — —  Pearce»  of  DaUio,  Esq.  aod  bad  is8a6 
Christopher^  of  Qalbj  Lathe,  in  Westmordand,  who  by  SibiU  bis 
wife,  daughter  of  William  Lloyd,  of  DrodAogh,  in  Ireland,  was 
fetber  to  William  and  John. 

7.  Robert,  of  Maske,  in  the  ooun.ty  of  York,  was  a  Merchant 
at  Leeds;  alter  Alderman  of  London}  married,  first, -»—,  dangb- 
ter  of  ——Cutler,  of  Stainbnrgh,  in  the  ooanty  of  York  (son  of 
Sir  Gerrase  Cutler).  His  second  wife  was  Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  William  Holcrofl,  Esq.  whose  mother,  Margciy,^  was  dangh* 
ter  of  rAofftoi,  Lord  Sands,  of  the  Vine.  His  third  wife  was 
Mary,  widow  of  Morgan  Davis^  Esq.  he  was  buried  January  9tb, 
1655,  at  Lothbury  (where  all  his  children  were  baptized),  and  left 
issue  only,  by  bis  second  marriage,  I .  Antbooy,  his  son  and  heir, 
of  whom  presently.  2.  John,  a  Merchant  at  Daotzick,  one  of 
the  Commissioners  of  the  revenue  in  Ireland,  who  by  Mary, 
daughter  of  Colonel  John  Lowtber,  was  Either  to  Anthony,  Major- 
general  of  Marines, .  who  died  unmarried  December  1746,  and 
was  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey.  3.  A  daughter,  wife  of  Sir 
George  Willougbby*  of  Bisbopstonwich.  4.  A  daughter,  wife  of 
John«  son  of  Sir  William  Morrice,  Bart.  5..  Margaret,  wife  pi 
Sir  John  Holmes,  Governor  of  the  Isle  of  Wight,  whose  giand- 
son,  Thomas,  was  created  Baron  Holmes,  of  Killnaallock,  whose 
widow  died  1784.  6.  A  daughter,  wife  of  Mr,  Tite,  of  London, 
Merchant.  7«  Hannah,  Maid  of  honour  to  Qneen  Mary  and 
dueen  Anne,  died  unmarried  January  I8th,  17^7*  aged  one  hun- 
dred and  three,  and  buried  at  Windsor,  in  Rutland  chapeL 

The  said  Anthony,  of  Masie,  was  representative  for  Appleby 
1678  and  1679.  He  died  27th  January,  16^2,  and  was  buried  at 
Waltbamstow,  in  Essex;  and  by  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Wil- 
liam Penn,  of  Pennsylvania,  Admiral  to  -King  Charles  L  w«a 
father  to  Sir  William,  created  a  Baronet  15tb  June,  1697,  who 
was  Member  for  the  town  of  Lancaster  J  702,  and  married  Ca- 
therine, daughter  and  heir  of  Thomas  Preston,  of  Holker,  in 
Lancashire,  Eiiq.  and  was  father  to  Sir  Thomas,  representative 
for  Lancaster  1722.  He  married  Lady  Elizabeth,  third  daughter 
of  William,  Quke  of  Devonshire;  and  his  spn  and  heir,  William, 
cUnmed  the  title  of  Lord  Sand$,  of  the,  Vine;  and  was  Knight  cigf 

^  Thi$  match  does  not  appear  in  the  Sindes  pedigree  in  Dagdale,.  or  Bonksj 
If  Qhe  wai  a  tister  and  coheir  of  Edwyn,  last  Lord  Sandcs,  who  died  about  I7cc>, 
her  father's  name  wai  Henry.    Bat  this  was  too  late.    Ko  daughter  of  T^wWn^ 
Hcond  Lord  Sandes,  who  lived  too  early,  could  be  itir* 


EARL  OF  LONSDALE.  703 

the  flrbire  for  Cumberland;  but  he  died  soon  afler  unmarried^ 
February  3d»  1753^  and  was  buried  with  his  family  at  Cartmel^ 
near  Holker,  whereby  the  title  became  extinct;  and  the  White- 
haven estate,  left  him  by  Sir  James  Lowther,  reverted  to  the  late 
Earl  of  Lonsdale  3  and  his  estate  at  Holker^  he  gave  to  Lord  George 
Cavendish. 

We  now  return  to  Sir  Christopher*s  eldest  son,  Sir  John  Low* 
ther,  of  Lowther,  who  was  one  of  the  Knights  for  the  county  of 
Westmoreland,  the  21st  of  King  James  I.  and  also  in  three  Par- 
liaments in  King  Charles  the  First's  time  5  in  the  last  of  which* 
his  eldest  son  and  heir  was  elected  with  him.  He  was  knighted 
6th  January,  2  Car.  I.  and  was  one  of  his  Majest/s  council  at 
York  1629,  for  the  government  of  the  northern  parts.  He  was 
possessed  of  the  manors  of  Lowther^  Helton,  Flacken,  also  of 
Banton,  Knipe^  Crosby,  Ravenswortb,  and  the  moiety  of  the 
tythes  in  Shaps  Land,  in  Slegil  and  Great  Strickland,  in  West- 
moreland; and  the  manors  of  Thwate,  Threlkeldwate,  Sliddal, 
Malmesmeburn,  Drumbugh  castle,  and  the  moiety  of  Regal 
Gh-ange,  in  Cumberland,  as  appears  by  the  inquisition.  He  mar- 
ried Eleanor,  daughter  of  William  Fleming,  of  Rydall,  in  West-* 
moreland,  Esq.  and  died  15th  September,  1637,  leaving  issue^ 

1.  Sir  John,  his  eldest  son. 

2.  Sir  Christopher,  of  Whitehaven,  in  Cumberland,  created  a 
Baronet  11th  June,'  1641,  18  Car.  I.  He  was  High  Sheriff  of 
the  county,  l6Car.  I.  and  by  his^wife,  Frances,  daughter  and 
heir  of  Christopher  Lancaster,  of  Stockbridge,  in  Westmoreland, 
Esq.  (widow  of  John  Lamplogh,  of  Lamplugh,  in  Cumberland, 
Esq.),  had  issue  Sir  John,  Knight  of  the  shire  for  Cumberland, 
from  31  Car.  H.  to  13th  of  William  III.  and  one  of  the  Commis- 
sioners of  the  Admiralty.  He  was  founder  of  the  town  of  White- 
haven, and  sole  proprietor  of  the  mines  there.  His  sister,  Frances, 
married  Richard  Lamplugh,  of  Ribton,  Esq.  brother  to  Thomas, 
Archbishop  of  York.  The  said  Sir  John  married  Jane,  daughter 
of  Wooley  Leigh,  of  Addington,  in  Surrey,  Esq.  and  left  issue^ 
1.  Sir  Christopher,  whom  he  disinherited,  and  who  married  Jane, 
daughter  of  Philip  Nanson,  Rector  of  Newnham,  Hants.  He 
died  at  St.  Andrew's,  Holbom,  London,  without  issue,  October 
2d,  1731$  whereupon  his  younger  brother.  Sir  James,  succeeded 
to  the  title,  as  he  had  before  to  the  paternal  estate.  He  was 
Vice^Admiral  of  the  county  of  Cumberland,  for  which  place  he 
was  Knight  of  the  shire  17O8;  was  some  time  member  for  the 
city  of  Carlisle,  and  also  for  Appleby,    He  died  unmarried  Ja<> 


704  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

wjoxy  2d|  1759,  aged  Beventy-one^  and  waa  buried  at  Si.  Bees,  in 
Comberlandj  with  his  &iiuly.  He  was  fanmenseljr  rich,  and  sap* 
posed  to  bare  died  worth  near  two  millions. 

3*  Sir  Williann  of  SunUingttm^  in  the  county  of  York,  /rows 
whom  is  descended  ike  present  Earl  qfLansdaU,  as  will  be  shewn 
hereafter, 

4.  Anoe. 

5.  Agnes,  wife  of  Roger  Kirkbj,  in  Fumeys,  Lancashire,  £s^. 

6.  Frances^  wife  of  John  Dodsworth,  of  Thornton,  in  the  coant j 
of  York>  Esq. 

Sir  JoHH  Lowther,  of  Lowther,  the  eldest  son,  was  Knight  of 
the  shire  for  Westmoreland,  with  his  father,  the  third  of  Car.  I. 
and  in  1640,  created  a  Baronet  of  Neva  Scotia.  He  was  a  great 
auifoer  in  the  royal  canse,  and  during  the  usurpation  lived  re- 
tired; but  was  one  of  the  Knights  for  Westmoreland  in  that  par- 
liament which  restored  King  Charles  II.  He  first  married  Mary, 
third  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Fletcher,  of  Hntton,  in  Comber- 
land,  by  whom  he  had  issue  five  sons  and  four  daughters; 

i.  Colonel  John  Lowther,  of  Lowther,  £itber  to  the  first  Loid 
Viscount  Lonsdale. 

2.  Richard,  died  young. 

3.  Richard,  of  Meaburn,  in  Westmorelandi  of  whom  hereafter, 
as  ancestor  to  the  late  Earl. 

4.  Christopher,  a  Turkey  Merchant,  in  London. 

5.  Hugh,  a  Merchant  in  London. 

6.  Eleanor,  wife  of  Christopher  Wandesford,  father  to  Lord 
Castlecomer.  7*  Barbara,  wife  of  John  Beilby,  of  Grainge,  Esq. 
0.  Mary,  wife  of  Edward  Trotter,  of  Skeltoo  Castle,  Esq.  9. 
Frances,  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Pennyman,  Bart. 

The  said  Sir  John  Lowther  had  also  a  second  wife,  Elizabeth, 
daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  John  Hare,  Bart,  elder  branch  of  late 
Lords  Cokraine  (by  Elizabeth  his  wife,  only  daughter  of  Tbomaf, 
Lord  Keeper  Coventry,  and  widow  of  Wooley  Leigh,  of  Addiog- 
ton,  Esq.)  He  left  her  20,0001.  in  lieu  of  dower,  and  to  provide 
for  her  children,  and  with  it  she  purchased  Ackworth  Park,  in 
the  county  of  York.  He  had  issue  by  her,  ^rst,  Ralph,  father 
of  John,  member  for  Pontefract  1722,  who  died  at  Bath,  July  1st, 
1729;  Elizabeth,  the  wife  of  Robert  Frank,  Recorder  of  Ponte- 
fract; and  Margaret,  the  wife  of  William  Norton,  of  Sawley,  in 
Yorkshire,  Esq.  whose  daughter  and  heir,  Margaret,  marrying 
Thomas  Liddel  Bright,  of  Beddesworth,  Esq.  had  issue  Mary, 
their  only  daughter  and  heu:,  who  married  the  late  Marqub  of 


£ARL  OF  LONSDALE.  702 

Rockicgham,  the  26th  of  February,  1752. 

13.  William  Lowther,  Counsellor  at  law,  married  — — ,  daugh« 
ter  of  Sir  William  Rawlinson»  one  of  the  I/)rd9  Commissioners  of 
the  Great  Seal. 

14.  Eobert,  Knight  of  the  shire  for  Westmoreland  1705,  died 
unmarried. 

15.  Margaret^  wife  of  Sir  John  Aabrt  /,  of  Borestall,  in  Bucks» 
Bart. 

Colonel  John  Lowther,  of  Lowtli:r,  the  eldest  son,  above* 
mentioned,  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  Hear/ 
Bellingham,  Bart,  by  whom  he  had  issue, 

1.  Sir  John  Lowther,  Bart,  created  Lord  Viscount  Lonsdale. 

2.  Mary,  wife  of  John  Lowther,  of  Maske  (widow  of  Georgs 
Preston,  of  Holker.) 

His  second  wife  was  Mary,  daughter  of  William  Witbcns,  of 
IJltbam,  in  Kent,  Esq.  by  whom  he  had  one  son.  . 

3.  William,  member  for  the  city  of  Carlisle  iGgO,  who  died 
unmarried. 

The  following  memoir  of  John^  first  Viscount  Lonsdale,  the 

»■ 

eldest  son,  is  formed  from  extracts  of  his  *'  Life  and  Character* 
prefixed  to  a  "  Memoir  of  the  reign  of  James  II"  lately  printed 
from  a  MS.  of  that  nobleman,  by  the  present  honourable  repre* 
tentative  of  this  ancient  family,  who  graces  his  high.  tV.les  and 
princely  fortune,  by  a  due  regard  to  literature  and  tlte  history  of 
past  ages.^ 

'^  Sir  John  Lowther,  Baronet,  afterwards  created  Viscount 
Lonsdale,  was  born  in  l655,  at  Hackthorp-Hall,  in  the  parish 
of  Lowther,  in  the  county  of  Westmoreland,  and  was  the  thirty- 
first  Knight  of  his  family  in  an  almost  direct  line.  From  many 
letters  and  papers  now  e&tant,  he  appears  to  have  been  intimately 
connected  with  all  those  illustrious  persons,  through  whose  Tir- 
tuous  exertions  the  Revolution  was  happily  accomplished. 

''  His  mother  died  when  he  M'as  not  above  six  years  old;  and 
the  premature  death  of  his  father  soon  after,  placed  him  entirely 
under  the  care  of  his  grandfather.  Sir  John  Lowther,  of  Lowther, 
who  sent  him  to  a  public  school  at  Kendal,  where  he  remained 
only  one  year.  He  was  afterwards  removed  to  the  school  at  Jed- 
burgh, in  the  West  Riding  of  Yorkshire;  and,  before  he  had  at* 
Cained  the  age  of  fifteen  years,  was  admitted  of  Queen's  College 
Oxford,  from  whence,  after  a  short  stay  of  a  year  and  an  half> 

c  The  memoir,  though  printed,  it  not  published.     But  the  present  Editor  has 
been  favoured  with  «  «op7  by  his  Lordship;  for  which  be  here  returns  bis  thanks* 
VOL,  T.  S 


700  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

be  was  lent  to  traveL  Bat  his  cootinental  toar  extended  no  &f* 
tber  than  the  citj  of  Angers,  on  the  Loire;  the  whole  tune  of  his 
Mng  absent  not  exceeding  eighteen  months,  twelve  of  whicfti 
were  spent  at  Srns. 

"  On  the  demise  of  his  grandfather,  in  1675,  Mr.  Lowther  was 
elected  one  of  the  Knights  for  the  county  of  Westmoreknd,  and 
continued  its  representative  in  parkament  a&  long  as  he  remained 
a  Commoner.  The  disiingul-ihed  loyalty  of  bis  ancestors,  and 
,  their  constant  afieciion  towards  the  Protestant  religion,  operated 
on  his  virtoons  mind  as  powcrtul  incentives  to  emulate  their  ex- 
amples. He  uniformly  declared  himself  an  advocate  fur  the  Test 
and  Corporation  acts.  He  was  convinced,  that  an  abrogation  of 
those  laws  would  efiectually  produce  all  the  horrors  of  aoarchj 
and  confusion.  Hence  we  find  him  opposing,  from  the  best  mo- 
tives, the  designs  of  James,  Duke  of  York.  When  the  heir  appa- 
rent of  the  Crown  of  England  openly  avowed  himself  a  Papist, 
and  had  given  the  roost  unequivocal  marics  of  his  detestation  of 
the  established  religion  of  his  country,  nothing  could  be  nxHC 
dismal  and  gloomy  than  the  prospect  of  his  future  reign. 

"  Hence  the  plan  for  excluding  him  from  the  throne  com- 
menced so  early  as  in  the  year  1668.  It  was  revived  in  1 673; 
biit  the  bill  for  bis  total  exclusion  was  not  brought  into  the  House 
of  Commons  cmtil  the  15th  of  May,  1679.  When  it  was  read 
the  second  time,  it  passed  the  House  by  a  majority  of  two  hon« 
dred  and  seven^  to  one  hundred  and  twenty  eight.  It  was  not 
finally  agreed  to  until  the  eleventh  day  of  November,  168O,  when 
it  was  carried  to  the  House  of  Peers  by  Lord  Russel.  It  was  no 
sooner  received  by  the  Lords,  than  the  members  who  attended 
Lord  Kussel  expressed  their  joy  by  loud  shouts.  The  Lords  re- 
jected the  bill  by  a  majority  of  thirty. 

"  On  this  occasion,  and  indeed  on  every  occasion  that  required 
his  attention  to  the  public  good.  Sir  John  Lowther  distinguished 
himself  by  his  superior  abilities,  and  distinguished  integrity.  Ho 
never  desisted  from  exerting  his  best  endeavours  to  ward  off  the 
imminent  and  alarming  dangers  which  arose  from  the  influence 
of  Popish  councils. 

"  As  long  as  his  health  allowed  him,  he  constantly  attended  hii 
cloty  in  parliament;  and  his  name  frequently  occurs  in  the  dif- 
ferent committees  to  which  matters  of  great  public  and  private 
concern  were  referred.  He  is  represented  as  a  person  partlcularljr 
eminent  for  the  excellence  of  his  understanding,  and  the  soundness 
of  bis  judgment;  of  inimitable  grace  in  speakings  and  of 
weight  and  authority  with  all  those  who  heard  him. 


EARL  OF  LONSDALE.  ?Q7 

^  Dttritig  the  reigo  of  James  TI.  his  mind  was  agitated  with 
perpetual  anxiety  and  terror  at  those  rash  and  precipitate  mea- 
sures which  were  then  adopted.  In  this  emergency^  he  rigidly 
adhered  to  a  maxim  which  he  had  laid  down  to  himself  as  sacred 
and  inviolable^  that  ^*  he  who  builds  his  greatness  and  his  fortune 
by  flattering  and  serving  a  prince  in  his  vices  or  designs  of  ty* 
ranny^  is  a  traitor  to  God^  to  his  prince,  and  to  his  country,  and 
ought  to  be  treated  as  such/*  Though  at  the  commencement  of 
this  reign>  he  was  strongly  inclined  to  place  almost  an  unlimited 
confidence  in  the  promises  of  the  King,  the  conduct  of  that  infe- 
tnated  Monarch  became  every  day  more  ofiensive  to  his  Protestant 
subjects. 

*'  The  Duke  of  Monmouth*s  rebellion  was  scarcely  extin« 
guished,  when  the  King  hesitated  not  to  acknowledge  his  violation 
of  the  laws  of  the  land,  an  offence  which  he  dared  to  vindicate 
nnder  the  specious  pretext  of  exercising  a  dispensing  power, 

"  When  no  hopes  remained  of  a  change  of  behaviour  in  the 
King  and  his  Council,  in  the  midst  of  the  fears  which  arose  from 
the  united  efforts  of  Popery  and  tyranny.  Sir  John  Lowther  was 
one  of  those  great  and  good  men,  to  whom  we  owe  the  preserva^ 
tion  of  our  religion,  and  of  every  thing  dear  and  valuable  to  us* 
He  joined  with  them  in  soliciting  the  assistance  of  William, 
and  inviting  him  into  £ngland;  and  was  a  member  of  that  con- 
vention, in  which  the  Crown  was  settled  on  the  Prince  and  Prin* 
cess  of  Orange*  He  had  previously  secured  the  city  of  Carlisle, 
and  influenced  the  two  counties  of  Westmoreland  and  Cumber- 
land  to  declare  themselves  in  favour  of  the  Prince. 

*^  On  the  accession  of  King  William,  he  was  immediately  ap« 
pointed  a  Privy  Counsellor,  and  Vice  Chamberlain  of  his  Majesty's 
Household. 

**  In  1689,  he  was  made  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Westmoreland 
and  Cumberland  .J 

*'  In  l6go,  he  was  first  Commissioner  of  the  Treasury. 

*^  In  16^,  the  return  of  a  disorder,  to  which  be  was  subject,  • 
tompelled  him  to  decline  his  attendance  upon  pailiament  fl>r 
some  time:  he  therefore  retired  to  his  seat  at  Lowther,  where  he 
enjoyed  that  happy  solitude,  which  he  called  "  his  dearest  com- 
panion and  entertainment."  He  took*  great  pleasure  in  adorning 
his  magnificent  house  with  paintings  of  the  most  eminent  artists; 
and  indulged  his  taste  for  rural  elegance,  in  improving  thAspect 
of  the  whole  country,  in  emt>elltshing  and  enriching  its  noble 
acenery  by  those  extensive  plantations  which  be  formed  and  nur-* 


70$  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLANp. 

tnred  with  tb«  tendereftl  care.  Relieved  from  the  toil  and  fatignei 
of  public  engagements,  he  experienced  t  never  failing  source  of 
gratification  in  the  recreation  of  a  garden. 

'*  In  the  pri\  acy  of  this  retirement,  be  rendered  himself  no 
unuseful  member  of  society,  by  a  long  and  faithful  admioistmtion 
of  justice.  The  motto  of  his  family  had  long  been,  Magiatraiys 
indicat  virum,^ 

"  Though  in  an  almost  uninterrupted  stdte  of  bad  healtfa» 
which  he  attributed  to  excess  of  exercise  in  his  youth,  he  unt* 
fbrmly  enjoyed  a  tranqmUity  and  composure  of  mind,  the  result 
of  those  habits  of  temperance  in  which  he  always  penevered.  He 
had  no  curiosity  in  his  appetite  for  rarities  in  meat  and  drink. 
*f  The  plough,  the  garden,  and  the  dairy,  with  a  co($k  of  forty 
shillings  a  year,  would  provide  all  that  he  wished  for.'*  When 
he  presided  at  his  table,  he  was  hospitable,  but  not  luxoriousj 
encouraging  the  Icanied  and  the  good,^  but  banishing  with  indig* 
nation,  the  flatterer,  the  calumniator,  and  the  ministers  of  unlaw- 
ful pletasures^ 

**  Of  pride  he  entertained  the  most  sovereign  contempt,  while 
in  his  own  demeanour  he  exhibited  an  amiable  pattern  of  a  meek 
and  humble  spirit. 

**  On  the  twenty-eighth  of  May,  l6g6,  he  was  advanced  to  the 
dignities  of  Viscount  and  Baro^  by  the  style  and  title  of  Vis* 
couNT  LoNSDALB,  and  Baron  Lowthbb. 

**  In  1699,  he  was  made  Lord  Privy  Seal;  and  when,  through 
ill  health,  he  was  obliged  to  retire  from  business,  the  King  would 
not  permit  him  to  resign  the  Seal,  but  ordered  him  to  take  it  into 
the  country  with  him. 

*'  In  the  montii  of  July  1700,  \tt  was  appointed  one  of  the 
Lords  Justices  to  govern  the  kingdom  during  the  King's  absence 
in  Holland.  But  on  the  tenth  day  of  that  month  he  departed 
this  life,  at  the  age  of  forty-five  years:  so  short  was  the  time 
allotted  to  him  by  Providence.  But,  short  as  that  time  was,  he 
employed  it  in  the  practice  of  virtue,  in  the  punuit  of  every  thing 
good  and  praise- worthy.  Kence  he  was  esteemed  and  beloved 
by  the  King,  whom  he  faithfully  served,  endeared  to  his  family, 
and  respected  by  all  good  men.  He  enjoyed  as  great  a  portion  of 
happiness  as  can  fall  to  thd  lot  of  humanity."^ 

■»■  **  A/?xij  foixvyg*  roy  aySpa,     ArUt. 

•  Biographical  Preface  to  3iemoirs  ofiht  Reign  »f  Jamet  Snoud,  By  hvriJAn^ 
Flseaunt  JLomJale*     IVI.     ^to,  1808. 
This  memoir  11  very  abl/  and  pcrspicuottslj  writtai>  and  throwa  some  cnrioiis 


KARL  OF  LONSDALE.  ;O0 

He  married,  December  3d,  1^74,  Catbarioe'Thynne,  sister  to 
Thomas,  first  liord  Viscoant  Weymouth.     By  her  he  had  issae, 

1.  Richard,  second  Lord  Viscount  Lonsdale,  who  died 
of  the  small-pox  at  Lowther,  December  17 13  J 

2,  Henry,  third  Lord  Viscount  Lonsdale.  His  was  a 
great  patriot;  had  been  one  of  the  Lords  of  the  Bed-chamber, 
Constable  of  the  Tower,  Lord  Erivy  Seal,  and  Gustos  Rotulorum 
for  the  county  of  Westmoreland.  He  died  March  12th,  17^0,  at 
Byram,  co.  York,  unmarried,  whereby  the  title  of  Viscount  Lons* 
dale  became  extinct. 

Lord  Nugent,  in  1774,  wrote  the  following  epitaph  on  this 
amiable  nobleman,  as  '*  a  tribute  of  affection  and  reverence  to 
his  dqarest  friend,  and  the  most  perfect  man  he  ever  had  the  hap* 
ptness  and  honour  of  being  acquainted  with.*'  It  is  addressed  to 
Sir  James  Lowthen 

EPITAPH. 

Could  every  virtue  of  the  human  breast 
Taught  by  the  wisest,  practis*d  by  the  best  5 
Ck>uld  kind  Beneficence  with  open  hands. 
Whose  tender  heart  at  Pity's  call  expands; 
Could  patriot  Zeal,  refin*d  in  Freedom's  flame. 
Pure  as  from  heaven  the  bright  effusion  came; 

light  on  that  portentoos  an*  The  preface  commences  with  the  following  just 
observations.  "  The  stock  of  historical  knowledge  has  been  of  late  years  consi- 
derably augmented  by  learned  and  ingenious  men,  from  sources  of  private  infor- 
mation. They  have  carefully  selected  many  interesting  particulars  from  the  let- 
ters and  authentic  documents  of  several  distinguished  individuals,  whose  charac* 
ters  and  eminent  services  are  deeply  interwoven  with  the  political  history  of  this 
country.  Of  the  imporunce  of  such  materials,  to  enable  us  to  form  a  just  and 
accurate  estimate  of  great  events,  and  their  causes,  no  doubt  can  be  entertained. 
When  we  consider  how  extremely  difficult  it  is  to  trace  the  occurrences  of  th« 
day  to  their  real  origin,  and  how  few  are  properly  quali6ed  to  transmit  10  posterity 
any  other  narrative  of  them,  than  what  regards  the  chronological  order  in  which. 
they  passed;  we  shall  not  be  inclined  to  depreciate  the  labours  of  those,  who  have 
recorded  the  transactions  of  their  own  times,  especially  if  we  are  convinced  of  the 
correctness,  fidelity,  and  truth,  with  which  they  are  related.  Such  authorities  will 
tend  to  remove  much  of  that  scepticism,  which  not  uniirequently  prevails  on  m^ny 
historical  facts,  and  for  which  there  is  too  often  abundant  reason/* 

f  It  is  said  in  Vol.  IX.  of  last  Edition  of  CoUii.s,  thai  he  had  a  second  wife, 
widow  of  the  first  L«jrd  Barnard,  and  daughter  of  Gilbert  Holies,  Earl  of  Clare. 
But  in  the  biographical  memoir  already  cit^d,  no  other  wife  is  named  than  Ci- 
tbarine  Thynne,  who  is  said  to  have  survived  him. 

%  To  this  amiable  youth,  Tickell,  a  nativt  of  Cumberland,  iitecrib«d  bta  ele- 
gant poem,  entitled  O^tford. 


710  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Could  patient  Fortitude^  whole  powers  leitnia 
The  rising  sigh,  and  hJont  the  edge  of  pain; 
From  Fate's  relentless  doom  persuasive  save. 
The  wise,  the  good,  the  generous,  and  the  bravei 
Not  yet  would  Britain  her  lov*d  son  resign^ 
Nor  grateful  Lowtbbr  mix  hb  tears  with  mine. 

Bj  his  will,  dated  May  27tb,  17^7^  he  left  his  real  estate  to  hia 
heir  at  law,  James,  the  son  oi  Robert  Lowther,  Esq.  of  Meabuni^ 
in  Westmoreland. 

3.  Anthony,  one  of  the  Commissioners  of  the  reveniie  in  Ire- 
land, was  representative  for  Cockermouth,  from  1/14  to  1723^ 
afterwards  Knight  of  the  shire  for  Westmoreland.  He  died  No- 
vember 24  th,  1741,  unmarried. 

4.  Margaret,  wife  of  Sir  John  Wentworth,  Bart, 

5.  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Sir  William  Ramsden,  Bart, 

6.  Jane,  died  unmarried,  April  17^2. 

7.  Margaret,  wife  of  Sir  Joseph  Pennington,  Bart 

8.  Barbara,  wife  of  Thomas  Howard,  of  Corby  Castle^  4n  Ctim* 
berland,  Esq. 

Wc  now  retom  to  Richard  Lowther^  of  Meahumi  He  was 
some  time  a  Turkey  Merchant,  and  member  for  Appleby,  from 
I68S  to  1690.  He  married  Barbara,  daughter  of  Robeit  Pricket, 
of  Wresal  Caiide^  in  the  county  of  York,  £sq.  and  had  issue^ 

1.  Robert. 

.2.  Christopher,  of  Wresal,  married  Anne,  daughter  of  Sir  John 
Cowper^  cousin-gerroan  to  Earl  Cowper,  twice  Lord  Chancellor 
of  England. 

3.  Richard,  a  Captain  on  the  Irish  establishment. 

4.  Eleanor,  wife  of  Dr.  Barnard,  a  physician  at  York. 
Robert,  the  eldest  son,  was  appointed  Captain  general  and 

Governor  in  chief  of  Barbadoes  in  17165  he  married  Catherincj 
only  daughter  oi  Sir  Joseph  Pennington,  Bart,  by  Margaret  his 
wife>  fourth  daughter  of  John,  Viscount  Lonsdale.  He  died 
September  1745 ;  she  died  at  BaUi>  December  7th^  1746^  and 
left  issue, 

1.  James,  late  Earl  ofLonsdak* 

2.  Robert. 

3.  Margaret,  deceased,  married  March  IQth^  ^7^7$  to  Henry 
Vane,  the  late  Earl  of  Darlington^  and  had  issue  the  present  Earl. 

4.  Margaret,  lately  deceased,  married  April  8ih,  1765,  to  Lord 
Harry  Pbwle%  last  Duke  of  Bolton^  and  had  issue  two  daughters. 


.  EARL  OF  LONSDALE.  711 

3.  Barbara,  died  no  married. 

Jambs,  tibst  Earl  op  Lonsdalb,  the  eldest  9011,  socceeded 
Henry,  Viscount  Lonsdale,  in  his  estate  and  title  of  Baronet,  and 
was  also  heir  to  Sir  James  Lowther,  of  Whitehaven;  he  was  up- 
wards of  thirty  years  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons,  being 
several  times  elected  Knight  for  the  counties  of  Cumberland  and 
Westmoreland,  and  at  the  general  election  in  17()1,  was  returned 
for  both.  In  the  year  1782,  he  offered  to  build  and  completely 
furnish  and  man  a  ship  of  war  of  seventy  guns,  for  the  service  of 
bis  country,  at  his  own  expense;  which  generous  proposal,  thoogh 
accepted  by  the  King,  was  happily  rendered  unnecessary  to  be 
carried  into  execution,  a  peace  being  soon  after  concluded. 

On  May  24  th,  17B4,  he  was,  by  patent,  created  a  Peer  of  Great 
Britain,  by  the  titles  of  Baron  Lowthbb,  of  I^owtuer,  in  the 
county  <if  Westmoreland  Baron  of  the  barony  of  Kendal,  in  the 
said  county,  and  Baron  of  the  harony  of  Burgh,  in  the  county 
of  Cumber  land;  Viscount  of  LoNbOALS,  in  the  county  of  West* 
moreland,  and  county  palatine  of  Lancaster;  and  Viscount  o9 
liOWTHER,  in  the  county  of  IVestmorel^nd ;  and  Karl  of  Lons* 
DALE,  in  the  county  of  Westmoreland,  and  county  palatine  of 
Ziancaster,  to  him  and  the  heirs  maiie  of  his  body  lawfully  be- 
gotten. 

His  Lordship  was  also  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Custos  Rotuloram: 
of  the  counties  of  Cumberland  and  Westmoreland  $  Colonel  of 
the  Westmoreland  militia;  and  Alderman  of  the  city  of  Car« 
lisle. 

On  October  lOth,  1797,  his  Lordship  was  created  Baron  and 
Viscount  Lowther,  of  Whitehaven,  with  a  collateral  remainder 
to  the  heirs  male  of  the  body  of  his  cousin,  the  late  Rev,  Sir  WiU 
Uam  Lowther,  of  Swillington,  Bart, 

His  Lordship  died  May  24th,  ]iB02,  without  issue. 

His  Lordship  was  married  on  September  7(h.  I76I,  to  Lady 
Margaret  btewart,  daughter  of  John,  Earl  of  Bute,  by  Lady  Mary 
Wortley,  only  daughter  of  Edward  Montagu  Wortley^  Ambassa-^ 
dor  to  Constantinople,  but  had  no  issue.   His  Countess  survived. 

On  his  Lordship's  death,  all  the  honours  became  extinct  except 
the  Viscounty  pnd  Barony  of  1797.  which  devolved  on  his  next 
beir  male.  Sir  William  Lowther,  of  Swillington,  Bart,  to  whom 
alto  be  bequeathed  bis  very  large  estates  in  Westmoreland  and 
Cumberland,  and  whom  he  made  residuary  legatee. 

We  now  therefore  return  to  Sir  William  Lowtlier^  third  son 


713  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 

of  Sir  John^  Lowthcr,*  of  Lowiker,  in  Westmoreland,  by  Elea- 
nor,  daughter  of  William  Fleming,  who  purchased  the  manor  of 
Smllington,  in  the  county  of  York,  of  George,  Lord  Darcey  and 
Conyers,  and  was  also  possessed  of  Great  Preston,  and  Garforth, 
in  the  said  county.  He  was  one  of  the  council  established  in  the 
North,  and  member  for  Pontefract,  from  1661  to  16/8^  was 
knighted  in  \66\,  and  was  a  Commissioner  of  the  customs.  He 
married  Jane,  daughter  of  William  Bnsfield,  of  Leeds,  Merchant, 
died  in  February  1387^  aged  eighty,  and  was  buried  at  Kippax. 

This  Sir  William  left  issue  two  sons  and  six  daughters.  The 
fons  were, 

1.  Wiliisim,  rf w^om  hereqfier, 

2.  Richard,  Rector  of  SwiUington,  who  married  Margaret, 
daughter  of  John  Adams^  of  Rowcliff,  in  the  county  of  York, 
Esq.  and  was  father  of  J.  John.  And,  2.  Richard,  some  time 
Rector  of  SwiUington,  chaplain  to  the  Prince  of  Orange,  and  mini^ 
iter  of  the  English  church  at  Rotterdam,  who  dying  in  December 
175^,  left  one  son,  William,  and  two  daughters;  Mary,  married 
to  Mr.  Evers;  and  Elizabeth,  married  to  Mr.  Robson. 

The  daughters  of  Sir  William,  were,  1.  Jane,  married  to  Sir 
Francis  Bland,  of  Kippax,  Bart.  2.  Eleanor,  wife  of  Richard 
Harrison,  of  Cave,  Esq.  3.  Elizabeth,  married  to  William 'Ellis, 
of  Kidwell,  Esq.  4.  Agnes,  the  wife  of  William  Dawson,  of 
Farlington,  Esq.  5.  Frances,  married  to  Richard  Beanmont,  of 
Whitley,  Esq.  father  of  Richard,  who  married  Catharine,  daugh« 
ter  of  Charles  Stringer^  of  Charlton,  Esq.  whose  second  husband 
was  Thomas,  Earl  of  Westmoreland.  6.  Dorothy,  wife  of 
Baynes,  of  Knowesthorp,  Esq. 

Sir  William  Lowther,  eidesi  son  of  Sir  William,  was  Deputy- 
lieutenant  of  the  county  of  York,  and  High  Sheriff  in  16S1,  and 
in  1695  was  elected  member  for  Pontefract.  He  married  Catha* 
rine,  daughter  of  Thomas  Harrison,  of  Dancers- Hill,  in  Hertford- 
bhire^  Esq.  by  Catharine  his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Bland, 
of  Kippax.  He  lived  at  Garforth,  during  his  father's  lifetime, 
where  all  his  children  were  born;  but  he  afterwards  lived  at  Swil- 
lington,  and  died  there,  December  7th,  1705. 

This  Sir  William  Lowther  left  issue  eight  sons  and  two  daugh- 
ters.   The  sons  were, 

*»  Great  grandfather  of  the  first  Viscount  Lonsdale.     He  died  1637. 
t  Vislutiute  of  Weita;ordaad|  C.  391  fol,  X5i  Heralds  office,    London, 


EARL  OF  LONSDALE.  713 

1.  Sir  William,  his  successor,  of  whom  hereafter. 

2.  Sir  John,  a  Captain,  who  died  young. 

3.  Richard,  a  Merchant  at  Leeds,  who  n^arried,  first,  Cludstinn, 
daughter  of  Sir  Christopher  Wandesford,  Bart,  (and  Elejmor  his 
wife,  daughter  of  Sir  John  LoVirther,  of  Lowther),  whose  son, 
Christopher,  was  created  Lord  Castlecomer.  His  second  wife  was 
Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Feuwick^  and  had  issue  by  her, 
Mary,  Catharine,  and  Elizabeth. 

4.  Robert,  of  Calverlcy. 

5.  Gerard,  who  died  young. 

6.  Christopher,  sole  executor  to  his  father,  who  leA  him  his 
estate  at  Little  Preston,  in  the  county  of  York.  He  manied  Eli- 
zabeth, daughter  of  Daniel  Maud,  of  Alverstrbp  and  Seacroft,  in 
the  said  county,  Esq.  He  died  in  I7i8,  leaving  issue,  William, 
Rector  of  Swillington,  the  late  Baronet,  of  whom  hereefteri  and 
also  Martha,  who  married  George  Thompson,  of  York,  Esq.  De* 
cember  22d,  1 7.50,  and  had  issue. 

7.  John.     And,  8.  Thomas,  who  both  died  young. 

The  daughters  of  the  above  Sir  Willianti  were,  Catharine,  mar- 
jied  to  Henry  Slingsby,  Master  of  the  Mint;  and  Mary,  married 
to  John  Stanhope,  of  Horford,  Esq.  , 

Sir  William  Lowther,  grandson  of  the  first  Sir  William,  was 
High  Sheriff  of  the  county  of  York,  in  1697J  was  chosen  mcmr 
ber  for  Pontefract,  in  the  room  of  his  father 3  and  created  a  Bo- 
fxmetf  March  5th,  17] 5.  He  married,  in  I691,  Annabella, 
daughter  of  Bannister,  Lord  Maynard,  and  dying  March  (jth, 
1729,  left  issue, 

1.  Sir  William  Lowther,  Bart,  who  was  also  member  for  Pon- 
tefract. He  married,  ^r^/,  in  1719,  Diana,  daughter  of  Tliomas 
Condoo,  of  CO.  York,  Esq.  who  died  January  1st,  1736. 

His  second  wife  was  Catharine,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  William 
Ramsden,  Bart,  by  Elizabeth  his  wife,  second  daughter  of  Johiii 
Viscount  Lonsdale. 

2.  Henry,  of  Newcastle,  M.  D.  who  died  in  February  1743, 

3.  John,  Governor  of  Surat« 

Ako  two  daughters,  Annabella,  aod  Jane^  who  both  died  uo^ 
marrieA 

The  above  Sir  William,  and  his  brothers  dying  without  issue, 
the  title  became  extinct,  when  Sir  William  left  his  estate  to  his 
cousin. 

The  Rev.  Sir  William  Lowthbk,  Bart,  of  LUtk  Preston^ 
Prebendary  of  York^  and  Rector  of  Swillington^  already  mca^ 


7U  P£BBA^  OP  ENGLAND. 

Ameif  who  procured  a  finnh  patatt  of  Banmei^gt^  facniiig  dste 
AngoAi  22d«  1764. 

Ihii  last  Sir  WiUiam  was  bom  July  lOch,  17Q7;  aod  marxied^ 
Aogusldlft,  1753^  Aooe,^  daogbtor  of  cfae  Rev.  Cbaiks  SSoucfa^ 
Vicar  of  Sandal^  in  the  couotjr  of  Yark«  He  died  June  l^tfa, 
1788»  leaving  iMoe, 

1.  Sir  WilliaiD,  present  Peer, 

2.  Joho«  bora  in  April  1759;  M.P.  for  Cockennoodi,  1780; 
fi>rCarlisley  1784;  for  Haiileaiere*  1786;  and  for  the  count j  of 
Comberlaod,  irom  179^  to  the  preicot  time.  He  married,  Sep- 
tember 4tb,  1790,  Ladj  Elizabeth  Faoe.aeoond  daughter  of  Jobo, 
ninth  Earl  of  West moi eland,  by  Lady  Susan  Gordon,  and  baa 
iisur,  Elizabeth,  born  August  4tb,  I/9I;  Jobu  Heory,  born 
March  23d,  17^3  j  and  Gcorgc-Wiliiaro,  born  October  i7ih,  1795. 

Sir  William,  eldest  son,  bi^rn  Dtcrmbcr  'iQtb,  1757,  nmp 
Earl  of  Lovsoalb,  sat  in  parliiimrnt  lor  Carlisle,  1/80;  for 
Cumberland,  1784;  and  for  Rutland,  17^6.  He  succeeded  hia 
father  in  the  Baronetage  17 88;  and  on  the  death  of  James,  late 
Earl  of  Lonsdale,  1802,  succeeded  him  a*i  second  Viscount 
LowTHER,  as  well  as  to  the  principal  pari  o\  his  large  estates.^ 

On  April  4th,  I8O7,  bis  Lordship  was  advanced  to  the  digni^ 

k  Sitter  to  Dr.  Zooch,  Prebendary  of  Dorham,  the  amiable  Biof  lapher  of  Sir 
Philip  Sidney ;  and  Editor  of  ffadtm**  Livn, 
I  The  following  account  appeared  in  the  Ncwwpapen  of  the  day  t 
<*  On  Wednesday  morning  the  9th  Jane  i8oa»  at  eight  o*clock,  the  Earl  of 
LovsDALS  vat  interred  in  the  family  vault  at  Lowtber,  in  Westmoreland.    He 
was  attended  by  hit  own  serrants,  having  given  direcUona  that  bit  fvoaral  ihould 
be  private,  and  that  they  only  should  attend ;  and  although  it  wu  not  known  to 
any  peraont  except  the  family,  when  the  ceremony  was  to  be  performed,  yet  a 
very  great  crowd  of  people  from  the  neighbourhood  were  assembled,  and  behaved 
with  the  greatest  respect,  decency,  and  decomm.    We  have  been  fiivoared  with 
the  particulars  of  liia  liOrdship*s  Will  and  Codicils,  and  which  we  insert,  u  th« 
public  curiosity  haa  been  much  excited  respecting  the  dispoeition  of  his  property. 
It  appears  that  he  has  provided  liberally  for  all  his  family  connections,  and  for  his 
servants!  his  sisters  will  have  above  60,000 1,  besides  the  Barbadoes  Esulc  of 
4000 1.  a  year.     The  estate  in  Yorkshire,  left  Mr.  John.  Lowiher,  is  joool.  a 
year;  and  the  estates  in  Cumberland  and  Westmoreland,  left  to  the  present  Vis-> 
count  Lowther,  sre  supposed  to  be  40*000 1.  s  year,  including  the  Wbitehavta 
estate,  which  was  before  intailed  on  him}  besides,  he  will  have  ncar^o>oooL 
in  personals,  as  50*000!.  in  gold  has  already  been  found  in  his  houses  s  and  the 
Viscount  is  well  known  to  be  deserving  of  it  all,  as  a  more  amiable,  liberal,  and 
benevolent  man  never  existed.     Lord  Lonsdale's  Willi  and  the  distribution  ol  hia 
property,  has  given  universal  satialacdons  his  own  sisters,  and  other  near  rela* 
fives,  are  well  satisfied ;  and  even  his  enemies  bestow  the  greatest  pnise  00  him, 
for  die  justice  and  liberafity  of  this  last  act  of  his  life.** 


EARL  OF  LONSDALE.  71$ 

of  Earl  OP  Lohbi^alb^  and  about  the  same  tiine  elected  a  Knight 
of  the  Garter. 
His  Lordship  married  on  Jnlj  12th,  1781 9  Lady  Augusta  Fane« 

Heads  of  the  Will  and  Codicils  of  the  late  Earl  of  Lonsdale^  dated  13th  Januarff 

1758. 

He  gare  all  hit  manors  and  estates  in  the  counties  of  Westmoreland  and  Cuaa- 
^rlandy  except  burgages^  onto  Dr.  Lowther,  and  George  Wood^  Esq.  To  the 
use  of  Sir  William  Lowther  for  life^  with  remainder  to  his 'first,  and  other  soos^ 
in  tail  male :  remainder  to  John  Lowther^  Esq.  for  lift,  and  to  his  first  and  other 
sons  in  tail  male,  with  remainder^ 

To  the  Countess  Dowager  of  Darlington  for  life}  remainder  to  the  Duchess 
Dowager  of  Bolton  for  life;  remainder  to  Barbara  Lowther  for  life,  with  remainder 
to  his  own  right  heirs. 

And  gave  all  his  manors  and  estates  in  the  county  of  York  to  John  Lowther, 
Esq*  for  life,  with  remainder  to  his  first  and  other  sons*  in  tail  matey  with  re- 
nainder  to  Sir  William  Lowther,  for  life,  and  to  his  first  and  other  sons  in  tail 
isale;  with  the  like  remainders  in  favour  of  his  three  sisters  for  their  iivesy  ajul 
then  to  his  own  right  heirs. 

Gave  all  his  burgage  and  other  houses  and  lands  in  the  borough  of  Appleby, 
and  in  the  borough  of  Cockermouth,  to  Sir  William  Lowther  and  his  heirs. 

And  directed  all  his  estates  in  Middlesex  and  Surrey  to  be  sold  as  soon  after 
his  decease  as  convenient,  and  the  money  arising  thereby  to  be  applied,  in  part  of 
his  personal  estate. 

And  gave  to  Sir  William  Lowther,  for  ever,  all  his  leasehold  estates,  goods^ 
chattels,  and  other  personal  property  not  otherwise  disposed  of,  chargeable  with 
the  payment  of  his  funeral  expenses,  legacies,  and  debts. 

And  directed  the  person  who  succeeded  him  in  his  Cumberland  estates,  to  de- 
mand no  herioton  his  death,  in  respect  of  any  estates  he  had  purchased  in  Cum* 
berland,  in  the  fi>Uowing  words;  vis. 

'<  It  is  my  will  and  mind,  that  if  the  person  who  shall  succeed  me  in  my 
Cumberland  estates*  or  any  pare  thereof,  sha!l  demand  any  heriot  or  heriots  on 
my  death,  for  or  in  respect  of  any  esi.>ce  or  estates  which  I  have  purchased  in 
the  said  county  of  Cumberland,  that  the  person  making  such  demand  shall  for- 
feit and  pay  to  the  person  on  whom  such  demand  shall  be  made,  the  sum  of 
twenty  thousand  pounds,  to  be  paid  out  of  my  Cumberland  and  Westmoreland 
estates  within  six  months  after  such  heriot  or  heriots  shall  have  been  so  demanded 
and  required  to  be  paid.  And  I  do  hereby  charge  my  said  Cumberland  and  WesU 
moreland  estates  with  the  payment  thereof/* 

And  directed  that  all  his  plate,  furniture,  pictures,  and  books,  not  otherwise 
disposed  of,  should  be  deposited  at  his  dwelling-houie  at  Lowther,  to  go  as  heir 
looms,  with  the  intail  of  his  estate. 

And  directed  all  the  debts  of  the  Countess  of  Lonsdale  to  be  paid  out  of  his  real 
end  personal  property. 

Gave  to  his  wife  all  such  jewels  and  trinkets  which  she  usually  wore  and  was 
possessed  of. 

And  gave  to  her  and  her  heirs,  the  house  and  garden  occupied  by  her  at  Ful- 
hem,  together  with  the  goods  and  fumi<nre  therein^  and  all  the  furniture  in  her 
M-room  i|i  bis  dwelling-house  in  Cherlef-atreet,  Berkeley-square. 


718  *  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

daagbter  of  Joho^  ninth  Earl  of  Westmorelandt  by  whom  he  hai 

bad  issue, 

1.  Jane,  bora  October  30th,  I7B2,  died  in  I78g. 

2.  Lady  Elizabeth,  born  September  I'st,  1784. 

3.  William*  Fiscount  Lowlher,  bora  July  30(h*  1787>  M.  P. 
for  Cockermoutk}  a  Lord  of  the  Treasury^  and  Commissioner  lor 
India  Affairs. 

4.  Anne,  bora  December  14th»  1788. 

5.  Henry  Cecil,  bora  July  ft7th,  1790,  an  officer  in  the  7th 
dragoons. 

6.  Lady  Caroline^  bora  February  17th,  1792. 

TUks.  Sir  William  Lowlher,  Knight  of  the  Garter,  Earl  of 
Lonsdale,  Viscount  and  Baion  JiOwther  of  Whitehaven;  and 
Baronet 

Creations.  Viscount  and  Baron  Lowther  of  Whitehareo,  Oc- 
tober lOtb,  17971  Earl  of  Lonsdale,  April  4th>  1807;  and  Baro- 
liet,  Augu&t  2ad,  1764. 

jh^m*    Or,  six  annulets  Sable. 

Crut,    On  a  wreath  a  dragon  passant  Ai^ent. 

Supporters,  Two  horses.  Argent,  each  gorged  with  a  chaplet 
#f  laurel,  proper. 

Motto,      MaGISTRATUS   induct  VIRUM. 

Seats.    Lowtber-Hall,  Westmoreland;  Swillington,  Yorkshire. 

And  give  the  following  legacies,  tis.  to  his  said  wife  5000 U  To  his  Uuce 
siftten  7000).  etch. 

To  the  Earl  of  Darlington  and  his  wife  500 1,  each. 

To  his  said  sisters,  all  miniature  pictures  of  hi«  familjr. 

To  Sir  Michael  Le  Fleming,  Baronet,  such  sum  of  money  as  he  was  Indebted 
Sd  him,  and  also  loool. 

To  Mrs.  Gowland,  such  sum  at  she  was  indebted  to  him,  and  icol.}  and  l» 
Richard  Penn,  E>q.  luch  sum  u  he  was  indebted  to  him»  and  109 1. 

To  Mrs.  Bucknalli  an  annuity  of  21I.  To  Hannah  Francis  200 1.  and  an  an- 
nuity of  tool.  To  Mrs.  Dunn,  the  house  and  garden  she  occupied,  for  life,  and 
aool.  and  an  annuity  of  1501.  fot  her  liii;^  and  if  her  daughter  sunriTed  her,  the 
same  for  her  life. 

And  gaTe  all  his  property  in  the  Island  of  Barbadoes  to  his  three  sisten. 

Gave  Lydia  Tabbercr,  widow,  300 1.  a  year  for  her  life,  and  also  2000  !• 

And  gave  mourning  to  all  his  servants,  and  two  yean  wages  to  each,  over  and 
shore  what  was  owing  to  them ;  and  recommended  to  Sir  WilUam  Lowther  to  cqa- 
tinue  them  in  hit  service,  at  the  same  wages. 

And  gave  to  Jamei  Lowther,  Esq.  2000  U  to  his  wife  the  like  sum,  and  to  his 
children  loool*  each. 

And  sppolnted  Sir  William  Lowther  sole  residmary  legatee  of  all  his  goods,  cK^ 
lolt,  and  persooal  estate. 


ZARL  OP  HARROWBT. 


RYDER,  EARL  OF  HARROWBY, 

Thb  Dame  of  Rvthke,  Rtthex,  or  Rtdsb,  is  local;  being  d^ 
rived  fram  Ryther,  in  the  Handred  of  Barkston,  in  Vorkshirej 
in  which  count}',  as  well  as  id  Kent,  respectable  familiej  of  (bat 
name  have  been  at  various  times  settled.' 

Tiie  present  fainil/  owe  their  rise  to  the  law.  They  are  dc- 
icendcd  front 

BoBBRT  Rti>eb,  whose  son,  was  ibe  Rev.  Duslbt  Rjder,  of 
Bedunrlh,  co.  Warwick  (for  whom  wf  l/u  Nonconformist's  Me- 
morial.J  He  married  Anne,  fourth  daughter  of  Richard  Bicklejr, 
of  Halloughton,  co.  Warw.  (younger  broiher  of  Sir  Francis  Bick- 
Icy,  of  Attleborougb,  co.  Waiw.  Bart.)  by  whom  be  bad  issue 
four  Eoos,  aod  two  daughters. 

i,  Richard,  of  whom  pTtsmtly  at  ancestor  to  Zcrd  Harrowby. 

2   Benedi. 

3.  Francij  had  a  daughter,  Abigail,  who  died  S.  P. 

4.  Dudley  Ryder  of  NuneatoD,  co,  Warw,  wbo  by  Katharine, 
rfaughier  of  —  ■  -  Sbiera,  had  several  childienj  of  wboin,  Johh 
Ryder,  D.  D.  was  jirekbishof  of  Armagh,  and  left  biue. 

Richard  Ryder,  eldest  son,  was  of  the  Cloiaters,  West  Smith- 
iield,  Mercer,  and  left  by  his  first  wife  two  daughters,  who  died 
S.  P.  He  married,  secondly,  Elizabeth  Marshall,  by  whom  be  bad 
three  sons, 

1.  RicRAKD  Ryder,  of  the  Cl(Hsteni,  Mtretr,  wbo  by  Aiin«^ 
daughter  of  ■■  Lomas,  left  iuue. 

•  A  cobeit  of  riie  Lord  Hijror  of  tblt  nunc  muried  into  tb*  fto><ly  of  Sir 
Jollul  C«iui  ud  chc  Mlwr  coheir  iato  the  fimil/of  S[rThamaiLakc,of  Cto- 
noBi.  See  the  curieui  ATniwV  ^  lb  C^ur  JkiKilj,hj  LodECipublislicd  bj  Wik 
kiaum,  iaii,4to.    See  also  irticle  >^nMtf  Zeir,  In  Tol.  VI. 


718  PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 

2.  Sir  Dadley^  of  whom  presently, 

3.  William^  who  \fy  Mary  his  wife^  daughter* of  — —  Burtod, 
left  an  ooly  child,  Elizaheth,  married  to  Dudley  Baxter^  Solicitor 
of  Exciie,  who  died  S.  P.  at  Famham^  co.  Surrey. 

Sir  DuDLBT  Ryder,  Knt.  sccood  son;  father  of  the  late  Loid 
Harrowby,  was  bom  in  the  year  1691.  After  receiving  a  good 
school  education,  he  went  to  the  University  of  Edinburgh,  and 
from  thence  to  that  of  Leydeo.  On  his  return  to  England,  he 
settled  in  the  Temple,  where  he  studied  the  laws  of  his  country 
with  tl^  assiduity  and  attention,  which  laid  the  foundation  of 
bis  future  rise  in  his  profession. 

He  was  made  Solicitob-Gbnbbal  in  1733;  was  in  1736, 
advanced  to  the  office  of  ATTOKMxy-GBvaRAL,  and  diadiarged 
with  integrity  and  ability  the  duties  of  that  laborious  situatioo, 
during  a  period  of  about  eighteen  jears.  In  17^4,  he  was  ap- 
pointed Chibf  Justicb  of  tbb  Coubt  of  Kino's  Bbwchi  and 
in  1756,  his  Majesty,  in  reward  of  his  long  and  fiiithful  services, 
determined  to  raise  him  to  the  dignity  of  Peerage;  for  which 
purpose  the  Ring  signed  a^warrant  on  May  24th  tliat  year,  but  Sir 
Dudley  dying  tlie  next  day,  btfore  the  Patent  was  completed,  it 
did  not  take  effect. 

He  married  Anne,  daughter  of  Nathaniel  Newnham,  of  Strea- 
tham,  in  Surrey,  Esq.  and  by  her,  who  died  at  Aix,  in  Provence, 
on  May  9tb,  1774,  left  one  son, 

Nathan  I BL,  first  Lord  Habrowbt,  who  represented  the 
borough  of  Tiverton  in  1768  and  1774,  till  his  Majesty  was  pleased 
to  advance  him  to  the  dignity  of  a  Peer  of  Great  Britain,  by  the 
style  and  title  of  Baron  Habrowbt,  ofHarrowby,  in  Lincoln* 
tkhre  (with  the  like  dignity  to  the  heirs  male  of  his  body  lawfully 
begotten),  by  letters  patent,  bearing  date  May  20th,  1776,  16 
George  III. 

His  Lordship  married  in  January,  17^2,  £Hzal)eth,  daughter  of 
the  Right  Reverend  Richard  Terrick,  D,  D.  Lord  Bishop  of  Loi- 
don,  by  whom  (who  died  August  24th,  1804),  he  luid  issue^ 

1.  Dudley,  the  present  Peer, 

2.  Henry,  died  young. 

3.  The  Right  Hon.  Richard  Ryder,  bom  July  5th,  1766,  late 
Judge-martial,  and  Advocate-general  to  the  army,  and  First  Justice 
of  Cardigan,  Pembroke,  and  Csrmarthen  shires;  now  Sbcrbtart 
OP  State  for  the  Home  Department;  married,  August  Ist,  1799, 
Frederica  Skynner,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Skynner,  Knight,  and 
has  issue,  of  which  Frederica- Anna,  the  eldest^  died  December 
12th,  1808. 


EARL  OF  HARROWBY*  7ig 

4.  Elizabeth^  born  November  22d»  1777, 

5.  Nathaniel,  died  young. 

6.  Nathaniel,  born  June  7lh,  I775,  died  young. 

7.  Henry,  M.A.  Vicar  of  Luiierworib,  in  Leicestershire;  mar- 
ried, in  December  1802,  Sophia,  daughter  of  Thomas-March 
Phillips,  Esq.  and  has  a  son,  bora  October  J2tb,  1809 1  and  a 
daughter,  born  May  21A,  1808. 

8.  Anne,  born  December  1st,  1/79.  died  June  26th,  1801. 
His  Lordship  died  June  20tb,  ISOi,  and  was  succeeded  by  his 

eldest  son, 

Dudley,  second  Baron,  and  first  Earl  of  Harrowbt, 
who  was  born  December  22d,  1/62;  and  was  educated  at  St. 
John*s  College,  Cambridge.  While  a  Commoner,  he  sat  in  par« 
liament  for  Tiverton.  In  1790,  he  was  Under  Secretary  of  Stata 
to  the  Duke  of  Leeds.  He  then  became  Comptroller  of  tha 
Household;  and  in  179 1,  ^^  Joint-Paymaster  of  the  Forces^  ia 
which  offite  his  brother  Richard  was  his  Deputy. 

In  1801,  he  was  appointed  Treasurer  of  the  Navy,  and  a  Mem* 
ber  of  the  Board  of  Controul;  and  in  1804,  held  for  a  short 
time  the  place  of  Srchetary  of  Stats  for  the  ForeigQ  De- 
partment. 

In  1805,  bis  Lordship  was  appointed  Ambassador  Extraordi- 
nary, and  Plenipotentiary  to  the  Court  of  Berlin,  when  the  plans 
of  our  Government  were  suddenly  defeated  by  the  battle  of  Au« 
aterlitz. 

His  Lordship  was  elevated  to  an  Earldom  on  the  18th  of  Julj, 
I8O9,  by  the  titles  of  Viscount  Sandon>  of  Sandon,  in  Stafibrd- 
ahire^  and  Earl  of  Harrowry. 

His  Lordship  married,  in  July  1795,  Lady  Susan  Levison 
Gower,  daughter  of  Granville,  first  Marquis  of  Stafford,  by  Lady 
Susan  Stewart,  his  last  wife,  daughter  of  Alexander,  Earl  of  Gal- 
loway,  and  by  ber  has  issue, 

1.  Lady  Susan,  born  June  20th,  179^' 

2,  Dudley,  Viscount  Sandon,  bom  May  20th,  1797* 

Titles.  Dudley  Ryder,  Earl  of  Harrowby,  Viscount  SandoOj 
and  Baron  Harrowby. 

Creations.  Baron,  by  patent  May  20th,  177^}  £arl  ^od  Vis- 
comit,  by  patent,  July  18th,  I8O9.1 

j4mis.  Azure,  three  crescents  Or,  each  charged  with  an  emuDa 
spot.  Sable. 

Crest.  In  a  mural  crown.  Or,  a  wy?ern*s  head  Argent,  thereon 
an  ermine  spot.  Sable. 


7M 


PEERAGE  OP  ENGLAND. 


\ 


Supporters.  Two  griffins,  Argent^  charged  on  their  breast 
u'itb  an  ermine  spot.  Sable,  collared  Azure,  thereon  three  ores* 
cents  Or,  and  chained  Azure. 

Motto,    Servata  fides  cineei. 

Chief  Seat,    Sandon,  Staffordshire. 


APPENDIX. 


Since  the  Pedigree  of  Earl  Manvers,  p.  626,  in  this  Volume, 
was  printed,  the  Editor  has  procured  the  following  from  the 
Heralds  College. 

MEADOWS  PEDIGREE. 

JDanibl  Mfadows,  of  Chatishao],  in  the  county  of  Suffolk, 
€rent.  born  at  Rushmere,  in  that  county,  in  1575,  purchased 
the  Lordship  of  Witnesham,  of  Sir  Robert  Hitcham^  in  \630, 
died  at  Chatisham,  3651,  aged  J4,  and  was  buried  there^  where 
a  monument  is  erected  to  his  memory.  His  widow,  Elizabeth, 
was  living  \6J5,     By  her  he  had  issue 

First,  Daniel  Meadows,  of  Saxmundham,  co,  Suffolk,  Gent, 
whose  will  is  dated  December  27tb,  16^5,  and  proved  at  Nor- 
wich, Jnne  23d^  I676.  By  his  wife,  Mary,  his  executrix,  he 
left  issue,  first,  Robert,  baptised  at  Chatisham,  July  10th, 
\65A,  living  1675.  Second,  John>  baptised  at  Chatisham,  Au- 
gust 24th,  1663,  living  I675.  Third  and  fourth,  Mary  and  Eli- 
zabethy  both  living  1675. 

Second,  William,  mentioned  in  his  brother  John*s  memo* 
randum  book,  March  24th,  1()67. 

Third,  John,  of  Ousedon,  co.  Suffolk,  Clerk,  baptised  at 
Chatisham,  April  29th,  l622,  admitted  at  Emanuel  College, 
Cambridge,  February  25  ih,  1639,  removed  to  Christ's  College, 
December  23d,  1644,  died  1696.  By  his  wife,  Sarah  Fairfax, 
living  i6G^,  he  had  issue,  first,  John  Meadows,  of  Needham 
Market,  co.  Suffolk,  married,  and  left  issue  three  daughters. 
Second,  Daniel,  of  Norwich,  was  grandfather  to  John  Meadows, 
late  Captain  of  Foot.  Third,  Philip  Meadows,  of  Norwich, 
father  to  Margaret,  who  was  mother  to  Meadows  Taylor,  of 
Diss,  CO.  Norfolk,  Attorney  at  Law.    Fourth,  other  issue. 

Fourth,  Thomas  Meadows,  baptised  at  ChatiBham,  Pecem« 
ber  21st,  1623. 

VOL.  V.  3  a 


723  APPENDIX. 

Fifth,  Sir  Philip  Meadows,  of  whom  aJXcruarh, 

Sixth,  Robert,  baptised  at  Chatibham,  October  22d,  1629. 

Also  a  daughter  Margaret,  baptised  at  Chatishani,  May  l^ih, 

1621. 

Sir  Philip  Meadoxvg,  fifth  son,  was  baptised  at  Cbatisham, 
January  4th  1625,  rose  to  be  Knight  Marshall  of  the  King's 
Palace,  Knight  of  the  Order  of  the  Elephant,  of  Denmark, 
Anabassador  Extraordinary  and  Plenipotentiary  to  the  Court  of 
Denmark,  and  Mediator  between  Sweden  and  Denmark,  at  the 
Treaty  of  Roschild,  February  2(5th  iQbT-^  \  afterwards  Anabas- 
vador  to  Sweden,  and  one  of  the  first  Commissioners  of  the  esta- 
blishment of  the  Board  of  Trade.  He  died  February  l6th,  1716, 
aged  03,  and  was  buried  at  Hammersmith,  co.  Middlesex.  His 
will  was  proved  September  '^7th,  17 18.  He  married  in  April, 
1661,  Constance,  second  daughter  and  coheir  of  Francis  Lucy, 
Esq.  and  niece  of  William,  Bishop  of  St.  David's,  apd  of  Sir 
Thomas  Lucy  and  Sir  Richard  Lucy,  of  Qroxboam,  co.  Hert- 
ford, Kt.  and  B^rt.  By  her  he  had  issue  three  daughters  and 
one  son,  viz. 

First,  Elizabeth,  married  to  Sir  Thomas  Powys,  Kt.  Serjeant 
at  Law,  son  of  Thomas  Powys,  of  Henley,  co.  Salop,  Esq.  and 
great  grandfather  to  the  late  Viscountess  Sydney.  He  died  in 
17I8,  and  she  died  December  4th»  1728. 

Second,  Arabella,  married  Richard  Dyott,  of  Dyott-street, 
St.  Gileses,  and  grandson  of  Sir  Richard  Dyott.  He  died  172G^ 
and  she  died  1739-40. 

Tfeird,  Constance,  married  Joseph  Craig,  of  Craig*s-cottrt, 
Charing  Cross. 

Sir  Philip  Meadows,  only  son,  was  also  Knight  Marshal, 
and  of  the  parish  of  St.  Martin  ip  the  Fields,  co.  Middlesex. 
jHe  died  at  Bpompton,  December  5th,  175/,  aged  84,  and  was 
buried  at  Kensington.  Administration  to  him  was  granted  Jant 
qary  19th,  I758.  By  porothy,  daughter  of  Edward  Boscawen, 
pnd  sister  of  Hugh  Boscawen,  Viscount  Falmouth,  he  had  issue 
First,  Sir  Sidney  Meadows,  of  Con  holt,  near  Andover,  Hants, 
appointed  in  Janu4ry>  1758,  in  the  room  of  his  father.  Knight 
Marshal,  of  the  Marshalsea  Coujft,  Southwark,  and  buried  at 
Chute,  CO.  Hants,  November  2d,  179'^*  He  married  Jemima, 
daughter  of  Charles  Montagu,  of  the  city  of  Darbaip,  Esq. 
(youngest  son  of  Edward  Montagu,  first  Earl  of  Snndwicb,X 
and  father  of  the  late  Edward  Montagu,  Esq.  of  Sandleford,  in 
Berkshke. 


MEAIJOWS  PEDIGREE.  723 

Second,  £dtrard»'aLieotenantofDragoonsy  died  in  London^ 
and  was  buried  at  Kensingtoo. 

Third,  Philip,  of  whovt  pr^ently. 

Fourth^  Mary,  Maid  of  Honour  to  Queen  Caroline,  died 
unmarried,  and  was  buried  at  Kensington,  April  5tb,  1/43. 

Fifth,  Constance,  married  April  l/tb,  1724,  James  Pulse,  of 
Standen,  co.  Wilts.  Esq. 

Sixth,  Anne,  married  Thomas  Ramsden,  Esq.  and  djing 
1761,  was  buried  at  Kensington. 

Seventh,  Elizabeth,  married  Richard  Bulstrode,  of  Hounslow> 
CO.  Middlesex,  Esq.  and  was  buried  there. 

Eighth,  Frances,  born  at  Vienna,  married  Robert  Weston,  of 
Norfolk,  and  was  buried  at  Kensington. 

Philip  Meadows,  of  Brooks»street,  St.  George's,  Hanover- 
square,  CO.  Middlesex,  Esq.  was  born  at  Vienna,  and  dying  in 
August,  176I,  set.  73,  was  buried  at  Kingston-on-Thames,  the 
J  5th  of  the  same  month,  where  a  monument  is  erected  to  his 
memory. 

He  married  in  May^  1754^  Francrs,  only  daughter  of  William 
Pierrepont,  Viscount  Newark,  and  sister  and  heir  to  Evelyn,  Duke 
of  Kingston*  She  was  buried  at  Kingston-upon-Thames,  De- 
cember 12th,  1795.    By  her  he  had  issuer 

First,  Evelyn  Philip  Meadows,  born  December  3d,  baptiied 
December  3gth,  1736,  in  the  parish  of  St.  George,  Hanover- 
square,  formerly  an  Officer  in  the  first  regiment  of  Foot  Guardi. 
Second,  Charles,  now  Earl  Man  vers,  of  whom  presently. 
Third,  Sir  William  Meadows,  K.  B.  born  January  23d,  1739, 
Major  of  the  fourth  regiment  of  Horse,  1st  October,  1766; 
Lientenant  Colonel  of  fifty-fifth  regiment  of  Foot,  December  3d; 
.1769;  Colonel  in  the  Army  and  Aid-de-camp  to  the  King,  in 
1777;  Major  General,  20th  November,  1782;  Colonel  of  the 
seventy-third  regiment  of  Foot,  in  August,  17865  nominated  by 
warrant,  16th  August,  1792,  a  Knight  Companion  of  the  Order 
i)f  the  Bath,  and  invested  at  St.  James's  with  the  ensigns  thereof, 
December  14th,  following;  Lieutenant  General  in  the  Army, 
Oct.  12th,  1793  ;  General,  1798;  installed  K.  B.  in  King  Hisnry 
the  Seventh's  Chapel,  May  19th,  18D&*    Married  at  Kilkenny, 
May  30th,  1770,  Frances,  daughter  of  Robert  Haroerton,  of 
Hamerton,  co.  Tipperary,  Esq.  but  has  no  issue. 

Fourth,  Edward  Meadows,  of  St.  George,  Hanover-square,  a 
Captain  in  the  Army,  married  March  7th,  1785,  Mary,  daughter 
of  John  Brodie,  of  St.  James's,  Westminster,  S.  P. 


724  APPENDIX. 

Fifth,  Thomas  Meadows^  of  Richmond^  co.  Surrey,  Esq.  died 
unmarried^  in  1780^  aged  31^  and  was  huried  at  Kingslon-on- 
Thames. 

Sixths  Frances,  horn  in  1 7'A1>  married  Alexander  Camphell, 
(oncle  to  Lord  Cawdor,)  a  Lieutenant -Colonel  in  the  Guards^ 
and  dying  in  childbed^  was  buried  at  Kensington. .  Her  only 
son,  Henry  Frederick  Campbell,  born  in  Craven-street,  in  the 
parish  of  St.  Martin  in  the  Fields,  July  10th,  176^,  is  a  Captain 
in  the  first  regiment  of  Foot  Guards,  and  a  Major  General  in 
4hc  Array. 

Charles,  (second  son)  kiow  Earl  Maxvers,  vas  bom 
November  3d,  1737,  and  baptised  in  the  parish  of  St.  George, 
Hanover-square,  December  5th,  following.  On  the  death  ot 
Elizabeth,  Duchess  Dowager  of  Kingston,  26th  August,  1788, 
he  succeeded  to  the  Kingston  Estates,  and  the  seat  at  Thorcsby 
Park,  CO.  Nottingham,  and  took  the  surname  and  the  arms  of 
PiERRBPONT  only  by  sign  manual  dated  September  17th,  fol- 
lowing. He  was  some  time  representative  in  parliament  for  the 
county  of  Nottingham,  and  raised  to  the  peerage  by  patent,  July 
the  23d,  1796,  by  the  titles  of  Baron  Pierkepomt,  of  Holme' 
Pierrepont,  co.  Nottingham,  and  Viscount  Newark  of  Newark- 
upon-Trent,  in  the  said  county,  to  him,  and  the  heirs  male  of  his 
body;  and  farther  elevated  to  an  Earldom  by  the  title  of  Earl 
Manvers,  by  patent,  dated  April  9th,  I8O6.  He  married  at 
Richmond,  March  I4th,  1774,  Anne  Orton,  daughter  and  cohtir 
of  William  Mills,  of  Richmond,  co.  Surry^  Esq.  By  her  he  has 
had  issue. 

First,  Evelyn  Henry  Meadows,  afterwards  Kerrepont,  bap- 
tised at  Richmond  February  l6th,  1775,  sometime  representa* 
live  in  Parliament  for  the  county  of  Nottingham.  Died  1601, 
unmarried. 

Second,  William  Evelyn  Meadows,  baptised  at  Ricbmood, 
July  17th,  17775  buried  at  Kensington,  June  18th,  1787. 

Third,  Charles  Herbert  Meadows,  now  Picrrepont,  Fm- 
count  Newark,  eldest  surviving  son  and  heit  apparent,  bora 
August  iKh,  1778  J  and  baptised  at  Great  Gaddesden,  co.  Hert*- 
ford,  8th  September  following.  Captain  in  the  Royal  Navy,  and 
M.  P.  for  the  county  of  Notiingham,  married  August  26th, 
1804,  Miss  Eyre,  eldest  daughter  of  Anthony  Hardolph  Eyre, 
Esq.  M.  P.  for  the  county  of  Nottingham,  by  whom  he  has  a 
•on,  born  September  5th,  1805. 


MEADOWS  PEDIGREE.  725 

Fourth,  Henry  Manvers^  born  March  18th^  i7B0,  late  enroy 
to  Denmark. 

Fifth,  Lady  Frances  Augusta  Eliza^  bom  June  iQth^  1781, 
and  baptised  in  the  parish  of  St.  Jameses,  Westminster^  July  ^ 
7th,  following,  married,  October  20th,  1802,  Captain  William 
Bentinck,  of  the  Royal  Navy,  and  has  issue  a  son,  bcirn  July  17th, 
1803. 

Sixth,  Philip  Sydney,  bom  June  13th,  173^,  married,  August 
18th,  1810,  Georgiana,  only  daughter  of  the  late  Herbert  Gwynne 
Browne,  of  Imley  Park,  Northamptonshire,  and  relict  of  Prycc 
Edwards,  of  Talgarth  in  Merionethshire^  Esq. 


WELLESLEY,  EARL  OF  WELLINGTON. 

Sir  Arthur  Wbllbslbt,  Viscount  Wbllinotom,  was  ad* 
vanced  to  the  liilr  of  Eakl  op  Wbllimotoit,  tf  H'ellinglon  i* 
SomerieUhhe,  February  12th,  1B13 ;  and  hii  Royal  Highness  ibe 
Priace  Hcgeni  was  futtber  pleated  to  grant  a  pension  ofSOOOi.  a 
year,  in  addition  to  the  aniitiiiy  formerly  granted  to  the  Earl,  in 
renutncration  of  the  eminent  aervicei  of  biiLordibip  in  the  coarae 
ofa  very  long  series  of  diitiuguiihed  exploits  in  the  campaigns  of 
Spain  and  Portugal.  His  Lardibip  has  also  been  created  Dnke  of 
Ciudad  Rodrigo  in  Spain,  and  a  Grandee  of  the  first  rsak ;  alsa 
Conde  of  Vimiera  in  Portngal. 

Since  the  account  of  his  Lordship's  actions  which  ended  at 
p.  479,  of  Vol,  VI.  he  drove  the  enemy  from  their  position  on  the 
Coa,  April  3d,  161 1 ;  won  the  battle  of  Faenles  d'  Honor,  3d, 
4th,  and  Stb  of  May,  181 1 ;  in  September,  ISl  1,  he  repulsed 
the  attack  of  the  enemy  at  Fnentc  Guinaldo,  and  made  good  bis 
retreat}  on  January  \g^b,  IBI2,  he  took  Ciudad  Rodrigo  by 
storm;  at  length,  on  the  night  of  the  sixth  of  April,  1812,  he 
took  Badajos  by  storm. 

Such  a  series  of  battles  fooght  and  gained,  has  not  been  per- 
fontif  d  by  any  BiJtiih  general  since  the  lime  of  Mariboroogh. 


ADDENDA  ET  CORRIGENDA. 


EARL  DELAWARR— P.  I. 

P.  27.     Edward  Percy  Bulkeley,  son  of  Lady  Georgioa,  was 
appointed  ensign  in  the  first  raiment  of  foot  guards  in  July, 
J1812. 
Honoarable  Frederick  West  has  issue  by  his  second  wife. 

EARL  QF  RADNOR.— P.  29. 

P.  36.     Harriet,  Countess  of  Rosslyn,  died  August  lOth,  1 810. 

P.  37.  Mr».  Maxwell,  of  Coridden,  has  issue  Mary,  John, 
and  Elizabeth. 

Rid,  The  Honourable  Philip  Puicy  has  issue  Philip,  Edward, 
Elizabeth,  and  Anne. 

P.  39.  Maria,  daughter  of  the  Honourable  William  Bouverie, 
married,  October  3d,  1808,  William,  eldest  son  of  Sir  W.  P.  A. 
A'  Court,  Bart 

Edward,  son  of  the  Honourable  Bartholomew  Bouverie,  Is  in 
holy  orders;  married,  and  November  20tb,  1811,  FrancesCharlotte, 
fourth  daughter  of  the  late  Dr.  Courtenay,  Bishop  of  Exeter. 

Charlotte,  fourth  child,  married  August  7th,  1809,  Sir  Henry 
Carew  St.  John  Mildmay,  of  Dogmersfield  Park,  Hants,  Bart  and 
died  August  5th,  IS  10,  leaving  a  son. 

Harriet,  fifth  child,  married.  May  20tb,  1808,  Archibald 
John,  Viscount  Primrose,  eldest  son  of  the  Earl  of  Roseberry. 

P.  40.  The  Honourable  Captain  D.  P.  Bouverie,  married^ 
December  27th,  I8O9,  Louisa,  second  daughter  of  ths  late  Joseph 
May,  of  Hale* House  in  Wiltshire,  Esq. 

The  Honourable  Laurence  Bouverie,  late  a  captain  in  tha 
Wilts  militia,  died  November  23d,  1 8i  1. 

Philip,  youngest  son,  married,  November  7tb,  1811,  Maria, 
daughter  of  Sir  William  P.  A.  A'  Court,  Bart. 

EARL  SPENCER.— P.  42. 

P.  44.  The  Honourable  Robert  C.  Spencer,  is  now  a  lieute- 
nant in  the  navy.  ' 


726  P££RAG£  OF  ENGLAND 

The  splendour^  curiosity,  and  great  value  of  Earl  Spencer's 
library  is  well  known  to  the  learned  world,  in  every  part  of 
Europe.  Mr.  Dibdin  has  lately  announced  a  work  on  this  subject, 
which  will  be  most  grateful  to  all  bibliographers.  It  is  entitled, 
BiBLiOTUECA  Spbncebiava,  and  will  be  a  descriptive  catalogue 
of  the  early  printed  books,  and  of  the  many  important  first  editions 
in  the  library  of  that  nobleman,  &c. 

EARL  OF  HILLSBOROUGH.— P.  96. 

P.  105.  Lord  Arthur  M.  W.  Hill,  was  appointed  a  lieatenaot 
in  the  tenth  dragoons,  July  19th,  1810. 

P.  106.  The  PRESENT  Eakl  married,  October  25,  1811, 
Lady  Maria,  daughter  of  Other  Hickman,  late  Earl  of  Plyaiouth. 

» 

EARL  OF  AYLESBURY.— P.  107. 

P.  128.  Charles,  present  Lord  Bruce,  has  a  son  bom  Ja* 
nuary  10th,  1811. 

VILLIERS,  EARL  OF  CLARENDON.— P.  130. 

P.  131.  Lady  Charlotta  Barbara  Villiers,  died  April  Ist, 
1810. 

EARL  OF  UXBRIDGE.— P.  174. 

P.  197.     Colonel  Nicholas  Bayley  died  June  7th,  1SI2. 

P-  199'  The  Honourable  Berkeley  Paget  is  a  Lord  of  the 
Treasury. 

Hbnrt,  first  Earl  of  Uxbridgb,  died  at  his  house  in  Bur- 
lington-street, March  15th,  1S12,  and  was  succeeded  by  bis  eldest 
•on, 

Hbnrt  William,  second  and  present  Eari.  of  Uxbridgs. 
His  Lordship*s  marriage  has  been  dissolved  by  the  law  of  Scot- 
land ;  and  her  Ladyship  married,  secondly,  November  29th,  181ft 
William^  present  Duke  of  Argyle. 

EARL  OF  NORWICH.— P.  201. 

P.  227.  Her  Grace  the  Duchess  of  Gordon  died  April  1 1th, 
1812,  at  the  Pulteney  Hotel,  Piccadilly,  act.  sixty-four.  She  was 
early  celebrated  for  her  beauty,  sprightly  wit,  and  captivaliDg 


ADDENDA  £T  OORKIGENDA.  729 

manners ;  and  she  bad  the  merit  of  educating  ber  daughters  with 
that  ability,  zeal^  and  solicitude^  which  secured  to  her  the  satisfaco 
tion  of  splendid  success. 

EARL  TALBOT.— P.  22$. 

P.  238.    The  PRESENT  Earl  Talbot  has  issue^ 
Fifth,  a  daughter,  bom  April  17th,  1808. 
Sixth,  a  son,  born  March  ipth^  1810. 

EARL  STRANGE.— P.  272. 

P.  303.  A  daughter  of  Lord  George  Murray/  manied  the 
Rev.  Townshend  Selwyn. 

Caroline  Louisa,  second  daughter^  inahi^  Henry  S.  F.  S.  pre- 
setit  Earl  of  Ilchester,  February  6th,  1812. 

Charles,  fourth  son  of  Lord  George,  married  Miss  Dashwood/ 
and  died  in  the  West  Indies  without  issue. 

The  daughter  of  Lord  Charles  married  Major-Greneral  Os« 
wald,  January  29th,  1812. 

P.  304.    Lady  Amelia  Sophia,  nurried  in  January,  I8O9,  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel James  Drummond,  jan.  of  Strathallan. 

Lord  James  married.  May  igtb,  1810,  Lady  Emily  Percy, 
second  daughter  of  Hugh,  Duke  of  Northumberland. 

Lady  Elizabeth,  bom  April  19th,  1787>  married,  May28th« 
1806,  Captain  £.  J.  Macgregor  Murray,  of  the  fifteenth  dragoons, 
Quly  son  of  Sir  John  Macgregor  Murray,  Bart. 

I 

feARL  Oy  MOUNT  EDGfeCUMiE—P.  306. 

P.  333.  Lady  Caroline,  second  daughter  of  the  present  Earl, 
manied,  on  February  I3th,  1812,  Reginald  George  Macdonald, 
of  Clanronald,  Esq. 

EARL  FORtESCtTE.— P.  335. 

P.  346.  Mary,  Dowager  Lady .  Fortescue,  died  May  26ib, 
1812,  act.  eighty-two. 

Matthew,  son  of  the  Honourable  Matthew  Fortescue,  late  of 
the  foot  guafds,  married,  October  5th,  isil,  Erskine,  fourth 
daughter  of  James  Christie,  of  Ducee  in  Fifeshire,  Esq. 

Geeige,  son  of  the  present  Earl^  was  appointed  a  lieutenant  in 
the  eighth  dragoons,  March  22d,  1810. 

VOL.  V.  3  B 


780  VBEEA6K  OP  KKOLAKIX 


£ARL  DtGBT.^P.  348. 

P.  382.  Giptatii  Heniy  Digbj,  ddeft  gon  of  the  Dean  cf 
Darham,  married,  March  I7«h,  1906,  Viseountess  Aodover^  relict 
of  Charlea,  ViBooaiit  Aodorer. 

P.  383.  Tlie  HoDounible  and  Reverend  Charles  Digfay,  rectar 
of  KilmingtoQ,  and  canon  of  Wells,  died  Sq»tember  17th,  1811, 
leaving  a  daughter,  Mary  Charlotte,  who  married,  onSepteaiber      1 
32d,  16 10,  the  Reverend  John  Dampier,  of  Bruton  in  Somerset- 
shire. 

P.  384*  Charlotte  bad  issue  by  William  Wingfidd,  Esq.  fint, 
GecMfge  Digby,  bom  June  1st,  1797;  second,  John  Digby,  bom 
Blarch  26th,  1799;  ^ird,  Mary, boni  May  6th,  18CX);  fourth,  a 
daughter,  bom  November  2d,  1802. 

EARL  OF  BEVERLEY.— P.  386. 

P.  386.  The  Countess  of  Beverley  died  January  29th^  1812. 
.  Ibid.  The  Honourable  and  Reverend  Hugh  Percy  is  Chan- 
cellor and  Prebendary  of  Exeter,  &c. 

Honourable  Henry  Pbcy  is  now  captain  in  the  fisurteenth 
dragoons,  and  a  prisoner  in  FraiKx. 

EARL  OF  MANSFIELD.-P.  388. 

P.  388.  Honourable  George  Murray  was  appointed  heote- 
nant-colonel  of  the  second  regiment  of  life  guards,  August  20th, 
I8O7. 

HonoutiUe  Henry  Murray,  was  appointed  lieotenaBt-colond 
of  the  eighteenth  Itgbt  dragoons,  January  2d,  1812.  He  naanied 
Miss  Devismei,  June  28th,  1810. 

The  issue  of  the  pebbbnt  Eael  of  Manspibld  are. 

First,  WiLLrAM,  Viscount  Stwmoni,  bora  Feb.  2l8t,  1800. 

Second,  Charles ;  third,  David ;  fourth,  Frederica;  iifth,  Elis- 
abeth; sixth,  Caroline;  sevendi,  Georglana. 

EARL  OF  CAERNARVON.— P.  39D. 

P.  391.    Hbhet,  pi&st  Earl  of  Cabbhaktov,  &d  Ji 
3d,  181 1,  and  was  succeeded  lyy  his  eldest  son, 
Hbmbt  Gbobob,  PBBSBirT  and  sbcomd  Sabl. 


ADbJBNDA  ET  CORRIGENDA.  ^31 

EARL  OF  LIVERPOOL.— P.  392. 

P.  397.  The  Honourable  Cecil  Cope  JenkinfOD,  married^ 
July  19th,  1810>  Julia>  daughter  and  sole  heir  of  the  late  Sir 
George  Shuckburgh  Evelyn^  Bart. 

Robert  Banks^  sxcond  and  prbsbht  Bakl,  was  appointed 
First  Lord  op  thb  Trbaburt  Jane  gnh,  1812. 


EARL  OF  CADOGAN.— P.  410. 

• 

P.  420.  The  Honourable  Captain  George  Cadogan^  married, 
April  4tb^  1810^  Honoria  Louisa^  fourth  daughter  of  the  late 
Joseph  Blake,  of  Ardfrey  in  Gal  way,  Esq.  and  has  issue  a  daughter, 
bom  January  Qtb,  1811. 

EARL  OF  MALMSBURY.—P.  421. 

P.  425.    Jambs  Edward,  Viscount  Fitxkarris,  has  issue^ 

First, ,  eldest  son. 

Second, ,  second  son,  bom  May  20th,  1808. 

EARL  OF  ROSSLYN.—P.  427. 
P.  444.    The  Countess  of  Rosslyn  died  August  8tb,  1810. 

EARL  OF  CRAVEN.— P.  446. 

P.  459.    The  Earl  op  Craven  has  issue. 
First,  Viscount  Uffington,  bom  July  18tii,  I8O9. 
Second,  a  son,  born  December  I5th,  1810. 

■       EARL  OF  ONSLOW.— P.  46l. 

P.  430.  The  Honourable  T,  C.  Onslow  is  retired  from  the 
Army,  and  married.  May  28th,  1812,  the  second  daughter  and 
coheiress  of  the  late  N.  Hillier,  Esq.  of  Stoke  Park,  Guilford. 

P.  470.  Major- General  Denzil  Onslow  married,  secondly,  a 
aister  of  the  present  Sir  Henry  Lushington,  Bart,  and  resides  at 
Stoughton  near  St.  Neots,  com.  Huntingdon. 

P.  479.  Mary,  widow  of  Richard,  third  Lord  Onslow,  died 
in  Baker-street,  Portman-square,  April  20th,  1812,  aged  ninety- 
lour. 

P.  480.    The  Comitesi  of  Onslow  ii  deceased. 


732  PEERAGE  OF  ENGLAND. 


p 


EARL  OF  ROMNEY.— ^P.  482. 

P.  487.  Chablbs,  first  Earl  op  Romnbt,  died  March  Ist/ 
1811,  and  was  succeeded  b>  his  only  son 

Charles^  present  and  second  £ari.»  to  whose  issue  add, 
A  daughter,  born  November  l6th,  I8Q9. 
Another  daughter,  boro  April  I6thi  18)  1. 

EARL  OF  CHICHESTER.— P.  488. 

P.  527.  Add  to  the  issue  of  the  presekt  Earl  op  Chi- 
chester 

A  daughter,  bom  in  June,  1811« 

EARL  OF  ORFORD.— P.631. 

P.  675,  Horatio,  Lord  WalpoUj  eldest  son,  is  member  of 
parliament  for  Lynnej  and  in  1812,  was  appointed  a  Lord  of  the 
Admiralty. 

EARL  GREY.— P.  676. 

P.  6p2.  The  Honourable  Lieu  tenant-General  Henry  George 
Grey,  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  thirteenth  dragoons,  December 
30tb,  1811. 

Add  to  the  issue  of  the  Honourable  George  Grey,  a  son,  bom 
in  January,  1811. 

P.  693.     Add  to  the  issue  of  Earl  Grey, 

Tenth,  George,  born  May  l6tb,  I8O9. 

Eleventh,  Thomas,  bom  December  29th,  1810. 

EARL  OF  HARROWBY.— P. /J?. 

P.  7 18.  Right  Honourable  Ricbard  Ryder,  resigtied  the 
ofHce  of  Secretary  of  State  in  May,  1812. 

The  Earl  of  Harrowbt  was  appointed  Prendent  of  the 
Council,  June  13th,  1812. 

Add  to  his  issue, 

Third,  a  son,  bom  October  27tb,  1809. 

Fourth,  a  daughter,  born  January  28th,  1811. 


END  OP  VOL,  V. 


r.  B«aiAg^  PHmtttp 


1^    l(':Or^A   ^  0\^M-f^        it